JP2008082960A - Tester of turbo charger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tester of a turbo charger for easily testing and adjusting an egress pressure of a compressor to a predetermined value. <P>SOLUTION: The tester of the turbo charger 12 is provided with: a combustor 24 for generating a combustion gas, and supplying the generated combustion gas to a turbine 14; a combustion air flow rate regulating valve 30 for regulating a flow rate of combustion air supplied to the combustor 24; a compressor discharge flow rate regulating valve 34 for regulating a flow rate of air discharged from the compressor 16; a pressure detecting means 50 for detecting the egress pressure of the compressor 16; and a flow rate regulating valve controlling means 40 for implementing a feedback control for an opening angle of the compressor discharge flow rate regulating valve 34 so as to match the egress pressure of the compressor 16 detected by the pressure detecting means 50 with the predetermined value as an opening angle of the combustion air flow rate regulating valve 30 remains fixed to a predetermined opening angle. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbocharger test apparatus, and more particularly to a turbocharger test apparatus capable of obtaining data with a constant compressor outlet pressure of the turbocharger.

  In order to investigate the performance and function of the turbocharger, a turbocharger test apparatus has been used conventionally. For example, in a conventional turbocharger test apparatus, fuel and air are supplied to generate a combustion gas, and a flow rate provided in a high-temperature combustion gas flow path that connects the combustor and the turbocharger turbine. An adjustment valve and a bypass valve provided in a bypass passage connected in the middle of the high-temperature combustion gas flow path are provided. In the apparatus, the flow rate adjusting valve and the bypass valve are adjusted in opening degree by an actuator, and the flow rate of the combustion gas sent to the turbine is controlled.

  However, in this apparatus, in order to adjust the flow rate of the combustion gas, it is necessary to simultaneously adjust the flow rate adjusting valve and the bypass valve, and a complicated mechanism is required for the adjustment. In order to solve this problem, Patent Document 1 proposes an apparatus that adjusts the flow rate of combustion gas by operating one valve. The apparatus is configured so that fuel and auxiliary air for spraying the fuel are supplied to a combustor therein, an air flow path for sending combustion air to the combustor, and the air A flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting the flow rate of air flowing through the flow path is provided. By adjusting only the flow rate adjusting valve, the flow rate of the combustion gas generated in the combustor and sent to the turbine rotor is adjusted.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-62746

  By the way, in the turbocharger test, various data may be obtained by making the outlet pressure of the compressor coincide with a predetermined value. Therefore, a mechanism that easily matches the outlet pressure of the turbocharger compressor to a predetermined value is desired.

  However, although the device described in Patent Document 1 has a mechanism for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine, Patent Document 1 discloses a mechanism for matching the compressor outlet pressure to a predetermined value. Not shown.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a turbocharger testing device that makes it possible to easily adjust the outlet pressure of a compressor to a predetermined value for testing.

  In order to achieve the above object, a turbocharger test apparatus according to the present invention is a turbocharger test apparatus in which a turbine and a compressor are coaxially connected to each other to generate combustion gas, and the generated combustion gas is used as the turbine. , A combustion air flow rate control valve that controls the flow rate of combustion air sent to the combustor, a compressor discharge flow rate control valve that controls the flow rate of air discharged from the compressor, and the compressor The pressure detection means for detecting the outlet pressure of the compressor and the outlet pressure of the compressor detected by the pressure detection means coincide with a predetermined value in a state where the opening degree of the combustion air flow rate control valve is fixed at the predetermined opening degree. And a flow rate control valve control means for feedback-controlling the opening of the compressor discharge flow rate control valve. .

  According to the above configuration, the compressor discharge flow rate control valve is set so that the outlet pressure of the compressor detected by the pressure detecting means matches the predetermined value in a state where the opening degree of the combustion air flow rate control valve is fixed at the predetermined opening degree. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the outlet pressure of the compressor to a predetermined value by automatically controlling the compressor discharge flow rate control valve.

  In addition, the turbocharger testing apparatus includes a fuel control valve that adjusts an amount of fuel supplied to the combustor, temperature detection means that detects a temperature of combustion gas supplied to the turbine, and the combustion air. In a state where the opening degree of the flow control valve is fixed at a predetermined opening degree, the opening degree of the fuel control valve is feedback-controlled so that the temperature of the combustion gas detected by the temperature detecting means matches a predetermined value. And a fuel control valve control means. Thereby, the temperature of the combustion gas is easily adjusted to a predetermined value.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a turbocharger test apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a test apparatus) 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  A turbocharger 12 serving as a specimen used for a test in the test apparatus 10 includes a turbine 14 and a compressor 16. The wheel 18 of the turbine 14 is coaxially connected to the impeller 22 of the compressor 16 via a shaft 20 supported by a bearing. Although not shown, an oil supply unit that supplies oil to the shaft 20 is provided.

  The test apparatus 10 has a combustor 24 for supplying combustion gas to the turbine 14. The combustor 24 is provided at the upstream end of the combustion gas supply passage GS. An air supply passage AS and a fuel supply passage FS are connected to the upstream side of the combustor 24. Air in the atmosphere is introduced into the air supply passage AS from the air source 26 (arrow a1 in FIG. 1). In the present embodiment, the air source 26 is a compressor, and air is supplied from the air source 26 at a predetermined pressure. The flow rate of combustion air sent from the air source 26 to the combustor 24 is adjusted and controlled by the first control valve 30. This 1st control valve 30 is a manual type in this embodiment, and respond | corresponds to the combustion air flow control valve of this invention. On the other hand, fuel is introduced into the fuel supply passage FS from a fuel supply unit 28 comprising a fuel tank and a pump for supplying fuel at a predetermined pressure. The amount of fuel (arrow a2 in the figure) supplied from the fuel supply unit 28 to the combustor 24 is adjusted by the second control valve 32. The second control valve 32 corresponds to the fuel control valve of the present invention. In addition, although the fuel used in this embodiment is a liquid fuel, other types of fuel may be used.

  The ignition means provided in the combustor 24 ignites an air-fuel mixture composed of air supplied through the air supply passage AS and fuel supplied through the fuel supply passage FS. The entire amount of the combustion gas generated in the combustor 24 is supplied to the turbine 14 via the combustion gas supply passage GS (arrow a3 in the figure). That is, the combustor 24 generates combustion gas and supplies the generated combustion gas to the turbine 14. The combustion gas that gives the rotational driving force to the wheel 18 of the turbine 14 is released to the atmosphere through the combustion gas exhaust passage GE (arrow a4 in the figure).

  On the other hand, when the wheel 18 of the turbine 14 rotates, the impeller 22 of the compressor 16 connected coaxially rotates. The compressor 16 takes in air from the outside based on the rotational driving force of the wheel 18 and discharges the introduced air. Air is introduced (sucked) into the compressor 16 connected to the turbine 14 via the air introduction passage AI (arrow a5 in the figure). Then, the compressed air is sent out (discharged) through the air delivery passage AD connected to the downstream side of the compressor 16 (arrow a6 in the figure). In order to adjust the flow rate of the air discharged from the compressor 16, a third control valve 34 is provided in the air delivery passage AD. The third control valve 34 corresponds to the compressor discharge flow rate control valve of the present invention.

  Each of the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 can be controlled independently. Each of the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 can be controlled manually or automatically. The second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 have a jog dial mechanism, and can be smoothly switched to either the manual operation or the automatic operation. In the present embodiment, for example, when any of the valves 32 and 34 is operated by the operator while the valves 32 and 34 are automatically operated, the automatic control is canceled and the operator's manual operation is performed. Smooth switching to operation (manual control). Each of the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 is integrally provided with an actuator for adjusting the opening degree and a position sensor for detecting the opening degree.

  The test apparatus 10 includes a control device 40 for controlling the second and third control valves 32 and 34 and the like. The control device 40 includes a computer including a CPU, ROM, RAM, A / D converter, input interface, output interface, and the like. The input interface includes a position sensor for detecting the opening degree of the second control valve 32, a position sensor for detecting the opening degree of the third control valve 34, and a downstream side of the first control valve 30 in the air supply passage AS. A flow meter 42 for detecting the air flow rate and thus the flow rate of the combustion gas, a temperature sensor 44 for detecting the temperature of the combustion gas provided in the combustion gas supply passage GS, and the turbocharger 12. , A rotational speed sensor 46 for detecting the rotational speed of the turbocharger 12, a flow meter 48 for detecting the air flow rate of the compressor 16 provided in the air introduction passage AI, and a discharge from the compressor 16. A pressure sensor 50 for detecting the pressure of the air, that is, the outlet pressure is electrically connected. Based on the output signals (detection signals) from these various sensors, the control device 40 electrically outputs signals from the output interface to the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 according to a preset program. Thus, the temperature of the combustion gas and the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 are adjusted. However, the opening degree of the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 is adjusted by each actuator that is integrated with each other and that is controlled by an output signal from the control device 40. In the present embodiment, the flow meters 42 and 48 are orifice flow meters.

  Note that the control device 40 operates according to an instruction from the outside. Specifically, the control device 40 controls the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 when a switch (not shown) is turned on by an operator or the like with the power turned on.

  As indicated by line L1 in FIG. 2, when the temperature of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine 14 is constant, the flow rate of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine 14 (turbine gas amount in FIG. 2) and the drive of the compressor 16 The force (compressor driving force in FIG. 2) has a corresponding relationship. Therefore, the compressor driving force can be increased (or decreased) by increasing (or decreasing) the turbine gas amount. The flow rate of the combustion gas is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first control valve 30.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of the relationship between the compressor pressure and the flow rate of air flowing through the compressor 16 (compressor air flow rate in FIG. 3) when the supercharging pressure, that is, the outlet pressure (discharge pressure) of the compressor 16 is constant. Is indicated by line L2. When the turbocharger 12 is in the state at the operating point α on the line L2, simply increasing the turbine gas amount to increase the compressor driving force shifts to the state at the operating point β deviating from the line L2, for example. become. When the turbine gas amount is increased, it is necessary to increase the compressor air flow rate in order to keep the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 constant. For example, when only the compressor driving force is increased in the state at the operating point α and the state is shifted to the state at the operating point β, and then the compressor air flow rate is increased by an amount corresponding to the increased amount, the turbocharger 12 Transition to the state at the operating point γ on the line L2. Since the turbine gas amount is adjusted by the first control valve 30 and the compressor air flow rate is adjusted by the third control valve 34, in response to changing the opening degree of the first control valve 30, By adjusting and controlling the opening, the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 can be made constant.

  In consideration of these, in the present embodiment, when the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 is desired to be a desired pressure value (predetermined value), the opening degree of the first control valve 30 is manually matched to the desired pressure value. Then, the third control valve 34 is automatically controlled. Further, in order to make the data obtained by the test by the test apparatus 10 more accurate, the temperature of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine 14 is kept at a predetermined value. Note that the combustion gas temperature is controlled to be constant at 600 ° C. in this embodiment.

  This control will be described below. FIG. 4 conceptually shows an operation procedure of the first to third control valves 30, 32 and 34.

  First, the operator determines a target value for the outlet pressure of the compressor 16. The operator manually operates (manually controls) the first to third control valves 30, 32, and 34 so that the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 approaches the target value. When the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 is approximately close to the target value, the operator inputs the target value to the control device 40 in that state, and switches on automatic operation (automatic control) (switch: ON). However, in principle, the operator does not touch the first control valve 30 after the automatic operation is switched on. That is, after the automatic operation is started, the operator does not touch the first to third control valves 30, 32, and 34 until the data acquisition is completed, and the opening degree of the first control valve 30 is determined at that time. The opening is fixed at a predetermined opening (step S401). At this time, the predetermined opening at which the opening of the first control valve 30 is fixed is an opening determined by the operator as appropriate based on the target value of the outlet pressure of the compressor 16.

  As described above, the control device 40 controls the third control valve 34 in a state where the opening degree of the first control valve 30 is fixed to an opening degree that substantially corresponds to the target value of the outlet pressure of the compressor 16. When the automatic operation is started, the control device 40 causes the third control valve 34 to adjust the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 detected based on the output signal from the pressure sensor 50 to a predetermined value, that is, the target value. Is controlled (step S403). This control is performed by feedback control. Based on the difference between the detected outlet pressure of the compressor 16 and the target value, for example, the degree of deviation, the control device 40 opens the third control valve 34 so that the outlet pressure matches the target value. Increase or decrease.

  When the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 matches the target value, the second control valve 32 is controlled. The control device 40 controls the opening degree of the second control valve 32 so that the temperature of the combustion gas detected based on the output signal from the temperature sensor 44 coincides with a predetermined value which is 600 ° C. in this embodiment. (Step S405). Similar to the control of the third control valve 34, this control is performed by feedback control. Thereby, the temperature of combustion gas will correspond to 600 degreeC.

  As shown in FIG. 4, Step S <b> 401 to Step S <b> 405 are repeatedly performed, and the control device 40 controls the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34. At this time, as described above, the first control valve 30 is not controlled, and the opening degree of the first control valve 30 is fixed. Therefore, by following the procedure of FIG. 4, the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 are repeatedly feedback controlled.

  Although the control of the second control valve 32 and the control of the third control valve 34 can be performed simultaneously, in this embodiment, after the control of the third control valve 34 is performed, the second control valve 34 is controlled. A program is set up to control the valves and then repeat those controls alternately. Accordingly, only one of the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 is adjusted from time to time, so that the adjustment is performed more easily and quickly. The control of the third control valve 34 and the control of the second control valve 32 may each be performed once.

  As described above, when the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34 are automatically operated, if at least one of them is manually operated, the automatic control is canceled and the operator's manual operation is canceled. The program of the control device 40 is set so that the control can be switched (switch: OFF). Otherwise, when the automatic control is performed, for example, when the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 does not converge to a predetermined value and the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 changes in a direction away from the predetermined value, the manual control is switched. Thus, the program of the control device 40 is set. The outlet pressure of the compressor 16 changes in a direction away from a predetermined value, for example, when the first control valve 30 is operated by an operator or the like.

  As described above based on the embodiment, the opening degrees of the third control valve 34 and the second control valve 32 are separately adjusted by automatic control while the opening degree of the first control valve 30 is fixed. Then, the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 and the temperature of the combustion gas are respectively set to predetermined values. Therefore, setting of the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 and the temperature of the combustion gas is easy.

  As described above, the first to third control valves 30, 32, and 34 are adjusted, and the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 is easily matched with a predetermined value, that is, a target value. Data (combustion gas flow rate, compressor 16 air flow rate, turbocharger 12 rotational speed, etc.) can be obtained quickly and easily.

  Here, an example of data acquisition in the test apparatus 10 will be outlined. When making the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 coincide with a predetermined value, it is possible to positively set the compressor air flow rate to various flow rates and take data. First, the operator determines the target air flow rate in addition to the target outlet pressure of the compressor 16. Then, the operator manually operates the first to third control valves 30, 32, and 34 so that these values approach the determined target values of the outlet pressure and the air flow rate of the compressor 16. When the outlet pressure and the air flow rate are substantially close to the target values, the operator inputs the target value of the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 to the control device 40 and switches on the automatic control. As a result, the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 is matched with the target value as described above. At this time, since the third control valve 34 is automatically controlled to adjust the outlet pressure of the compressor 16, the air flow rate of the compressor 16 can vary in the vicinity of the target value. The deviation of the air flow rate of the compressor 16 from the target value is not a problem when handling various data, especially when creating various graphs. The manual control and the automatic control are performed so that the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 matches the target value while adjusting the compressor air flow rate in the vicinity of various target values. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain various data by varying the air flow rate while keeping the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 constant.

  As described above, by performing tests with the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 matched with the target value and obtaining various data, for example, it is possible to create a graph representing the correspondence between the turbine gas amount and the compressor air flow rate. is there. By obtaining various data based on the output signals from the various sensors with the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 kept constant, it is possible to know the supercharging characteristics in various operating states by simulating the engine mounting. Become. For example, it is possible to create a graph representing the relationship between the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 and / or the air flow rate of the compressor 16 including a curve representing the compressor efficiency, the turbine efficiency, or the overall turbo efficiency. . In addition to the above, the sensor 10 may be provided with various sensors in order to investigate various performances and functions of the turbocharger 12 such as creating the above-described graph.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. In the above embodiment, not only the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 but also the temperature of the combustion gas is controlled. However, the opening degree of the first and second control valves 30 and 32 may be fixed, and only the third control valve may be automatically controlled so that the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 matches a predetermined value. . In this case, the second control valve 32 may be a simple manual valve.

  In the above embodiment, the first control valve 30 is simply a manual type. However, the first control valve 30 can be controlled manually or automatically like the second control valve 32 and the third control valve 34. 30 may be configured. Then, the opening degree of the first control valve 30 may be controlled to be the opening degree that roughly corresponds to the target value of the outlet pressure of the compressor 16 by automatic control.

  The combustor 24 may be configured in any manner as long as it has a function of burning an air-fuel mixture composed of supplied fuel and air. The combustor can be a burner. The air source 26 may have any configuration as long as air can be supplied to the combustor 24. Similarly, the fuel supply unit 28 may have any configuration as long as fuel can be supplied to the combustor 24. The flow meters 42 and 48 are not limited to orifice flow meters, and may be any other flow meters.

  In the above embodiment, the present invention has been described with a certain degree of concreteness, but various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims. It must be understood that. That is, the present invention includes modifications and changes that fall within the scope and spirit of the appended claims and their equivalents.

1 is a conceptual system diagram of a turbocharger testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a graph conceptually showing an example of a relationship between a turbine gas amount and a compressor driving force. 3 is a graph conceptually showing an example of a relationship between a compressor air flow rate and a compressor load. It is the figure which showed notionally an example of the operation procedure of a 1st to 3rd control valve.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Test apparatus 12 Turbocharger 14 Turbine 16 Compressor 24 Combustor 26 Air source 28 Fuel supply unit 30 1st control valve 32 2nd control valve 34 3rd control valve 40 Control apparatuses 42 and 48 Orifice flow meter 44 Temperature sensor 46 Rotation speed Sensor 50 Pressure sensor GS Combustion gas supply passage AS Air supply passage FS Fuel supply passage GE Combustion gas exhaust passage AI Air introduction passage AD Air delivery passage

Claims (2)

In a turbocharger test apparatus in which a turbine and a compressor are connected coaxially,
A combustor that generates combustion gas and supplies the generated combustion gas to the turbine;
A combustion air flow rate control valve for controlling the flow rate of combustion air sent to the combustor;
A compressor discharge flow rate control valve for controlling the flow rate of air discharged from the compressor;
Pressure detecting means for detecting an outlet pressure of the compressor;
When the opening of the combustion air flow control valve is fixed at a predetermined opening, the compressor discharge flow control valve is opened so that the outlet pressure of the compressor detected by the pressure detection means matches a predetermined value. Flow rate control valve control means for feedback control of the degree,
A turbocharger testing apparatus comprising: A fuel control valve for adjusting the amount of fuel supplied to the combustor;
Temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the combustion gas supplied to the turbine;
In a state where the opening degree of the combustion air flow rate control valve is fixed at a predetermined opening degree, the opening degree of the fuel control valve is set so that the temperature of the combustion gas detected by the temperature detecting means matches a predetermined value. Fuel control valve control means for feedback control;
The turbocharger testing device according to claim 1, further comprising:

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