JP2007046839A - Pellet protective body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pellet protective body effectively consuming energy of a scattered material to improve protective performance and to facilitate repair of a broken part. <P>SOLUTION: The pellet protective body is structured to dispose a plurality of substantially cylindrical first pellets 1 in mutual point or line contact, placing the bottom faces 4 of the first pellets 1 to face a plate, and to fill a clearance between the first pellets 1 with a filler lower in hardness than the first pellets 1. The first pellets 1 are of the same kind or of a plurality of kinds in size, and the largest space out of spaces between the first pellets is 5 mm or less. All or a part of the first pellets 1 have edges 6 between the cylindrical side faces 3 and the top faces 5, and rounded curved parts 7 are provided between the cylindrical side faces 3 and the bottom faces 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pellet protector for protecting against flying objects.

  The need for protection from projectiles from bullets or explosions is increasing year by year. Protection methods include a method of protecting with a protective body using a material that is not destroyed by flying objects, and a method of protecting with a protecting body that does not cause a large destruction even if it is destroyed by flying objects. In the former case, it is necessary to select a material that is harder and stronger than any scattered material as a material for the protective body. Therefore, it is difficult to adopt in applications where a wide variety of flying objects are assumed. There is also a problem that costs are increased because materials that have both hardness and toughness (toughness) are rare. For this reason, the latter method is often adopted. For example, bulletproof glass, bulletproof vests, etc. adopt such a method.

  Conventionally, various protective bodies have been developed. For example, as a pellet protective body made of a resin and ceramics, a structure in which a ceramic plate is disposed on the surface of a fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) is known (see Patent Document 1). With such a structure, it is expected that bulletproof performance and blade-proof performance will be further improved as compared with FRP alone.

A surface layer comprising a plurality of adjacent ceramic surface layer segments facing the impact surface, laminated on the first sublayer and in contact with each other, and the impact surface; There is also known a composite armor plate material comprising at least a back layer facing in the opposite direction and a support layer disposed between the surface layer and the back layer (see Patent Document 2). With such a structure, it is possible to improve the protection performance to some extent.
JP 2002-316319 A (Claims) Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2003-532561 (Claims)

  However, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, the protection performance by the scattered objects is not necessarily sufficient. Certainly, when the ceramic plate is broken, the kinetic energy of the scattered material such as metal can be absorbed, and the protection by the scattered material can be achieved to some extent. However, if the ceramic plates are simply arranged, sufficient protection cannot be achieved when the kinetic energy of the scattered objects is large.

  Similarly, in the case of the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, the protective performance cannot be said to be sufficient in a situation where the ceramic plates are arranged in surface contact in the laminated structure. One reason for this is that the kinetic energy of the scattered material propagates over a wide range through the surfaces of the ceramic plates, resulting in a large fracture site and inability to withstand composite impacts or continuous impacts. Furthermore, if the broken part is large, the repair is difficult, and once it is damaged by the flying object, it cannot be used again.

  In other words, when a bullet or flying object collides, how to consume the kinetic energy to reduce damage to the object to be protected on the back side of the protective body, and at the same time the destroyed part It is also important to be able to repair the problem immediately.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a pellet protector that effectively expends the energy of scattered objects to improve the protection performance and facilitates the repair of the fracture site. And

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a plurality of substantially cylindrical first pellets are arranged in contact with each other by dots or lines, and the bottom surface of the first pellet is disposed toward the plate. A pellet protector having a structure in which a gap between one pellet is filled with a filler lower in hardness than the first pellet, wherein the first pellet is the same kind or a plurality of kinds of small and large kinds of pellets, The widest interval is 5 mm or less, and all or a part of the first pellet has an edge between the side surface and the top surface, and a radius is provided between the side surface and the bottom surface. The pellet protector has a curved part. The “substantially cylindrical shape” includes not only a perfect cylinder but also an elliptical cylinder. In addition, those having irregularities on the surface of a cylinder or an elliptical column are substantially included in the category of the columnar shape as long as the shape of the columnar or elliptical column is recognized as a whole. Further, the first pellets may all be the same size or may be a plurality of sizes of large and small types.

  For this reason, when the scattered material collides with the first pellet, a part of the impact is consumed for the deformation of the filler, and the part of the impact is dispersed in many directions toward the surrounding first pellet. Propagate. As a result, it is possible to suppress the expansion of the fracture area of the first pellet. Further, since the interval between the first pellets is 5 mm at the widest, the scattered matter or bullets having a diameter of 5 mm or more always come into contact with the first pellet. A flying object or bullet having a diameter of 5 mm or more has a large damage to the object to be protected. In particular, when the diameter of the bullet is 5 mm or more, the degree of destruction of the body tissue increases regardless of whether or not it penetrates the human body, and it is necessary to effectively prevent this. Further, since the edge is provided in the first pellet, the scattered matter or bullet that goes straight while rotating is threaded by the edge between the first pellets. For this reason, the kinetic energy of scattered objects or bullets is greatly consumed, and the object to be protected on the back side of the protective body can be effectively protected.

  Further, in another aspect of the present invention, in the previous invention, a convex portion is provided on a side surface of the first pellet, and the first pellets are arranged so as to contact each other at a portion other than the convex portions or the convex portion and the convex portion. The pellet protector is used.

  For this reason, the impact given to the 1st pellet is propagated to the surrounding 1st pellet through a convex part. By providing the convex portion, it is possible to ensure the contact between the first pellets, and thus it is possible to more effectively suppress the expansion of the fracture region of the first pellet.

  In another aspect of the present invention, in the previous invention, the first pellet is a pellet protector having a plurality of types of pellets having different numbers of convex portions.

  For this reason, it becomes easy to contact the 1st pellet which adjoins mutually at the location which does not have a convex part and a convex part. For this reason, the gap between the first pellets can be filled narrowly. Therefore, it can be set as the pellet protector which a collision thing or a bullet hits a 1st pellet reliably.

  In another aspect of the present invention, a plurality of substantially cylindrical second pellets are arranged in contact with each other by dots or lines, and the bottom surface of the second pellets is arranged facing the plate, A pellet protector having a structure in which the gap is filled with a filler having a hardness lower than that of the second pellet, and the whole or a part of the second pellet is between the side surface and the top surface, and between the side surface and the bottom surface. The pellet protector has a curved portion with a rounded shape between the two, and has a bottom surface that is substantially flat and a top surface that protrudes outward. "Substantially flat" means not only a perfect flat surface but also a local unevenness, which is interpreted to include a slightly concave or convex state as a whole, and does not protrude outward from the curved surface of the top surface. Are all included in the category of plane.

  For this reason, when a flying object or a bullet collides with a portion other than the center of the second pellet top surface, the second pellet easily rotates around an axis that penetrates the cylindrical side surface and is parallel to the bottom surface. In particular, since the top surface is a curved surface that protrudes outward, the second pellet can easily rotate around the axis when a scattered object or bullet hits other than the center of the top surface. Further, since the bottom surface facing the top surface is substantially flat, there is a low probability that the second pellet will be pushed in the direction of movement of the scattered matter or bullet, and the kinetic energy of the scattered matter or bullet is that of the second pellet itself. Rather than destruction, the presence of the curved portion between the bottom surface and the side surface tends to be expended on the energy for rotating the second pellet. Moreover, the curved part between a top | upper surface and a side surface has an effect | action which further accelerates | stimulates rotation of a 2nd pellet. Furthermore, by providing such a curved portion, it is possible to prevent the pellets from colliding with each other at the time of manufacture, and a part thereof being chipped or the pellet being broken.

  In another aspect of the present invention, in the previous invention, a plurality of substantially cylindrical first pellets are arranged in contact with each other by dots or lines, and the bottom surface of the first pellet is disposed toward the plate, The first pellet has a structure in which the gap between the first pellets is filled with a filler having a hardness lower than that of the first pellet, and the first pellet is the same type or a plurality of types of pellets, and the interval between the first pellets The widest interval is 5 mm or less, and all or a part of the first pellet has an edge between the side surface and the top surface, and a curved portion with a radius between the side surface and the bottom surface. The 1st pellet protector which has is made into the pellet protector arrange | positioned on the upper stage of a 2nd pellet.

  For this reason, when a flying object or bullet hits the layer of the first pellet protector, a part (especially the tip) is cut by the edge of the first pellet and still penetrates the first pellet protector. When a collision occurs with the pellet of the second pellet protector, the kinetic energy at the time of the collision is dispersed in the other second pellets and is spent on the rotation of the second pellets. It is possible to more effectively prevent damage.

  According to the present invention, the energy of the scattered objects can be effectively consumed to improve the protection performance, and the repair of the fracture site can be facilitated by a simple means of exchanging the fracture pellets. It is possible to maintain the protection performance that can cope with the above.

  Next, each embodiment of the pellet protector according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a setting state of a plurality of first pellets 1 constituting the pellet protector according to the first embodiment, which is subjected to a collision of scattered objects or bullets (hereinafter, referred to as “scattered objects”). It is the figure seen from the direction of the surface.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the 1st pellet 1 which comprises the pellet protector concerning 1st Embodiment is exhibiting the substantially cylindrical shape which becomes circular when it sees from the surface which receives the collision of a scattered material. The first pellet 1 is composed of two types of pellets 1 including a first large pellet 1a having a large diameter and a first small pellet 1b having a smaller diameter than the first large pellet 1a (a pellet indicated by slant lines in FIG. 1). It is configured. These two types of first pellets 1 are arranged in line contact with each other at four or more points. Further, the gap between the first pellets 1 is filled with a filler 2 having a hardness lower than that of the first pellet 1. The reason why the pellet protector is composed of the plurality of first pellets 1 is to prevent destruction of the entire pellet protector and to easily repair only the broken portion. In this embodiment, the ratio of the diameter of the first large pellet 1a to the diameter of the first small pellet 1b is 1: 0.8. However, the ratio is not limited to this, and any ratio such as 1: 0.75 can be used. Ratio can be adopted. The first pellets 1 may all be the same size.

The first pellet 1 constituting the pellet protector may be made of any material such as ceramic, metal (including an alloy), engineering plastic, wood, etc., but is preferably made of ceramic or metal having excellent strength. . As the first pellet 1 made of ceramics, oxides such as aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), zirconium oxide (ZrO ₂ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), and iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ ) are used. Ceramics, silicon carbide (SiC), titanium carbide (TiC), carbide carbide ceramics such as boron carbide (B ₄ C), silicon nitride (Si ₃ N ₄ ), titanium nitride (TiN), hexagonal boron nitride (cBN), etc. Nitride ceramics, boride-based ceramics such as titanium boride (TiB ₂ ), zirconium boride (ZrB ₂ ), and the like can be used. Moreover, the 1st pellet 1 made from glass and carbon may be sufficient. The metal first pellet 1 may be a single metal pellet such as iron, aluminum, lead, or copper, or an alloy pellet such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy.

  In this embodiment, the first large pellet 1a and the first small pellet 1b are made of aluminum oxide and silicon carbide, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to such a combination of materials, and is made of aluminum oxide and boron carbide. A combination of silicon carbide and boron carbide may be used. Alternatively, the first large pellet 1a may be a ceramic pellet, and the first small pellet 1b may be a metal pellet, or vice versa. Moreover, you may make it comprise the 1st large pellet 1a and the 1st small pellet 1b with the same material.

  As the filler 2, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin can be employed. As thermoplastic resins, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile / styrene resin (AS), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene resin (ABS), methacrylic resin (PMMA), vinyl chloride (PVC) , Polyamide (PA), polyacetal (POM), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHPE), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), GF-reinforced polybutylene terephthalate (GF-PBT), polymethylpentene (TPX), polycarbonate (PC), modified Polyphenylene ether (PPE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetherimide (PEI), polyarylate (PA ), Polysulfone (PSF), polyether sulfone (PES), polyamideimide (PAI), and urethane resins. Examples of the thermosetting resin include phenol resin, urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, diallyl phthalate resin, and urethane resin.

  Ideal values for maintaining the flexibility of the filler 2 after curing are hardness 90 to 95 (measurement method: ASTM D-2240), elongation 380 to 420% (measurement method: ASTM D-412), tensile The strength is 2700 to 3000 psi (measurement method: ASTM D-412), and the water absorption is 1.6% (measurement method: ASTM D-570).

  There are various gaps between the first pellets 1, but the widest gap t is set to 5 mm or less. For this reason, the scattered matter having a diameter of 5 mm or more always comes into contact with the first pellet 1. A flying object having a diameter of 5 mm or more is particularly damaged when the object to be protected is a human being. In the case where the flying object is a bullet, if the diameter is 5 mm or more, the tissue is largely destroyed in the body regardless of whether or not it penetrates the human body, and this must be effectively prevented.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the first pellet 1 as viewed by cutting vertically from the surface on which the scattered matter collides toward the opposing surface.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first pellet 1 has a cylindrical side surface 3, a substantially planar bottom surface 4, and a curved top that protrudes outward with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical side surface 3. Surface 5. The outer periphery of the top surface 5 is a flat surface and is connected from the flat surface to the cylindrical side surface 3 at a substantially right angle. That is, a substantially right edge 6 is formed between the top surface 5 and the cylindrical side surface 3. As will be described later, the edge 6 has a function of greatly reducing the kinetic energy of the scattered material when the scattered material enters the gap between the first pellets 1.

  A curved portion 7 with a rounded shape is formed between the cylindrical side surface 3 and the bottom surface 4. When the curved portion 7 is formed from the bottom surface 4 toward the cylindrical side surface 3, when the scattered object collides with the position deviated from the center of the top surface 5, the center of gravity of the first pellet 1 is changed from the cylindrical side surface 3 to the bottom surface 4. It becomes easy to rotate around a parallel axis. That is, a part of the kinetic energy of the flying object can be changed to the rotational energy of the first pellet 1. Furthermore, since the top surface 5 has a curved shape protruding outward, the probability that the top surface 5 will receive the impact of the scattered object properly is reduced.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a situation in which the scattered object 10 collides with the pellet protector so that the scattered object 10 enters the gap between the first pellets 1. In addition, the code | symbol of "a flying object" shall be used only in FIG. 3 and description based on it.

  When the flying object 10 travels at a high speed, it generally proceeds while rotating. As shown in FIG. 3, when the scattered object 10 collides with the pellet protector so as to enter the gap of the first pellet 1 while rotating in the R direction, the edge 6 of the first pellet 1 bites into the scattered object 10. Further, when the flying object 10 advances, the edge 6 functions to thread around the flying object 10. For this reason, the front-end | tip part of the scattered material 10 is cut | disconnected, and a weight decreases. As a result, a part of the kinetic energy of the flying object 10 is reduced, and the possibility that the flying object 10 penetrates the pellet protector is reduced.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the first pellet 1 rotates when the scattered matter collides with the first pellet 1.

  When the scattered matter collides with a portion other than the center of the top surface 5 of the first pellet 1 as indicated by the arrow X, the pressure on the bottom surface 4 in the vicinity of the curved portion 7 increases, and the first pellet 1 While sliding, it rotates around the axis passing through the center of gravity parallel to the bottom surface 4 from the cylindrical side surface 3 (the state of rotation is indicated by the arrow Y). For this reason, the energy of the scattered matter is dispersed from the collided first pellet 1 to the first pellet 1 existing around it, and is consumed by the rotation of the collided first pellet 1 itself. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the risk that the flying object penetrates the pellet protector.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing a pellet protector provided with the first pellet 1, (5A) is a partially transparent view seen from the side of the pellet protector, and (5B) is a part of the pellet protector. It is a figure which shows the change of a pellet protection body when the impact F by the collision of a flying object is added to.

  As shown in (5A), the pellet protector according to the first embodiment includes a plate 8, a plurality of first pellets 1 arranged on the plate 8, and a filler 2 that fills the space between the first pellets 1. And. The plate 8 is a metal (including an alloy) plate. In this case, the contact portion between the first pellet 1 and the plate 8 is flat. As shown in (5B), while the first pellet 1 to which the impact F is applied is broken (the first pellet 1 with a cross mark is the first pellet 1 in which part or all is broken), the plate 8 It is pushed in the direction of. Then, the plate 8 is recessed while the bottom surface portion of the first pellet 1 is kept in contact with the first pellet 1. As a result, it is possible to mitigate the occurrence of the ball-thrust phenomenon between the first pellets 1. At this time, a deformation 8 a having a size proportional to the diameter of the first pellet 1 occurs in the plate 8.

  In addition, as described above, since the bottom surface 4 of the first pellet 1 is substantially flat, the impact F of the scattered matter can be transmitted from the first pellet 1 to the plate 8 directly below it in a wide area. Therefore, the probability that the plate 4 is destroyed can be lowered. Further, the plate 8 is less likely to be dented on the side opposite to the side on which the first pellet 1 is placed. The first pellet 1 is likely to rotate on the plate 8. Therefore, a part of the kinetic energy of the scattered matter can be consumed for the rotation of the first pellet 1.

  Next, a modified example of the first pellet 1 will be described.

  FIG. 6 is a view of the setting state of the plurality of first pellets 1 constituting the pellet protector according to the first embodiment as viewed from the direction of impact of the scattered matter, (6A) is the first large pellet. 1a and 1st small pellet 1b show the pellet protector which comprised the 1st pellet 1 so that only a diameter differs, and (6B) shows both the shape and diameter of the 1st large pellet 1a and the 1st small pellet 1b. It is a figure which shows the pellet protector which comprised the 1st pellet 1 differently.

  As shown in (6A), both the first large pellet 1a and the first small pellet 1b are each provided with six semi-cylindrical convex portions 12 each having a substantially semicircular bottom surface on the cylindrical side surface 3. In this case, the first pellets 1 are in line contact with each other between the convex portion 12, the cylindrical side surface 3 of the first pellet 1, and the convex portions 12. When the convex portion 12 comes into contact with the cylindrical side surface 3 of the first pellet 1, the portion of the impact applied to the first pellet 1 that is transmitted in the lateral direction is distributed to the twelve contact portions and spreads to the periphery. Therefore, the destruction area | region of the 1st pellet 1 can be made smaller.

  Further, as shown in (6B), only the first large pellet 1a may be provided with the semi-cylindrical convex portion 12, and the first small pellet 1b may not be provided with the convex portion 12. Also in this case, the first pellets 1 are in line contact with each other between the convex portion 12, the cylindrical side surface 3 of the first pellet 1, and the convex portions 12. Since the first small pellet 1b does not include the convex portion 12, the first small pellet 1b is likely to rotate when an impact is applied from the outside, as compared with the first large pellet 1a. Therefore, as compared with the pellet protector shown in (6A), the ratio of the kinetic energy of the scattered matter being consumed for the rotation of the first pellet 1 is larger than the case where the impact of the scattered matter from the outside is dispersed and propagated around. growing.

  In this embodiment, the convex portion 12 is a semi-cylinder having a semicircular bottom surface, but is not limited to a semicircular shape, and is a columnar shape having both bottom surfaces with an angle smaller or larger than the semicircle. You may employ | adopt a convex part. In that case, the number of contact portions between the first pellets 1 may be less than 12 or may be different for each first pellet 1. However, since the number of contact portions is in the range of 6 to 12, it is possible to obtain the effect of reducing the fracture area by dispersing the transmission of impact.

  Next, the manufacturing process of the pellet protector according to the first embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of the pellet protector according to the first embodiment.

  First, the 1st pellet 1 is manufactured (step S101). The first pellet 1 can be manufactured by a known manufacturing method. That is, in the case of the first pellet 1 made of ceramics, the first pellet is subjected to the steps of mixing the raw material powder and the sintering aid, granulating the mixed powder, molding using the granule, and sintering the molded product. 1 can be manufactured. Molding methods include press molding in which powder is filled into a mold and pressed, extrusion molding in which raw materials are extruded from a die, and injection in which a thermoplastic plastic is added and injected into the mold while being heated. There is molding. The sintering method includes atmospheric pressure sintering and pressure sintering (hot press, HIP, etc.). Further, in the case of the first metal pellet 1, the metal powder is molded (a molding method similar to the above-mentioned ceramic can be applied) and then subjected to normal pressure or pressure sintering, to a molten metal mold. There are methods such as injection molding and cooling.

  Subsequent to step S101, a flat plate or a mold is prepared (step S102). Next, a frame is arranged around the flat plate or the mold (step S103). This frame should have a height equal to or greater than the thickness of the pellet guard. The gap between the frame and the flat plate or mold is preferably as small as possible. The material of the frame is not particularly limited. Any material that does not interfere with the subsequent processes may be used. For example, when the thermosetting resin is used as the filler 2, it is necessary to heat at the time of solidification. Therefore, the frame material is preferably a material that can withstand the heating.

  Subsequent to step S103, the first pellet 1 is placed at a predetermined position on the flat plate or the mold (step S104). In the case of the pellet protector according to the first embodiment, the first pellets 1 are arranged so as to contact each other at six locations. Even when the first pellet 1 is arranged, simply placing the first pellet 1 on a flat plate or a mold allows the adhesive material (double-sided tape or the like) to be placed on at least one of the first pellet 1 or the flat plate or the mold. Or you may make it fix the 1st pellet 1 and a flat plate or a shaping | molding die by attaching an adhesive (adhesive etc.).

  Following step S104, the filler 2 is supplied into the frame (step S105). When a thermoplastic resin is employed as the filler 2, it is preferable to use a method in which a heated molten resin is poured into the frame. In addition, when a thermosetting resin is used as the filler 2, it is preferable to supply a liquid resin before curing into the frame (in the case of an epoxy resin adopting a two-liquid mixing method, two liquids are mixed). Is good to supply). Moreover, when using wood as the filler 2, it is preferable to put sawdust or the like with an adhesive in the frame.

  Subsequent to step S105, the filler 2 is solidified (step S106). Examples of the solidification method include a method of waiting for the solidification of the filler 2 for a predetermined time, and a method of applying heat to solidify the filler 2. Next, the frame is removed (step S107). However, it can also be used with a frame attached. In that case, the step S107 may be omitted. Finally, what is obtained through the process of step S107 is attached to the plate 8 (or structure) with an adhesive or Velcro (step S108). As a manufacturing method other than the above manufacturing process, the first pellets 1 are laid sideways so as to come into contact with each other at six locations in a container with the top opened, and the filler 2 is supplied from above the container and solidified. You may let them.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the pellet protector according to the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 8 is a view showing a cross section of the second pellet 21 constituting the pellet protector according to the second embodiment, which is vertically cut in the direction from the top surface on the side where the scattered matter collides to the bottom surface facing it. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the second pellet 21 has a cylindrical side surface 22, a substantially planar bottom surface 23, and a curved top surface 24 protruding outward. A curved portion 25 with a rounded shape is formed between the cylindrical side surface 22 and the bottom surface 23. When the curved portion 25 is formed from the bottom surface 23 toward the cylindrical side surface 22, the center of gravity of the second pellet 21 is changed from the cylindrical side surface 22 to the bottom surface 23 when the scattered object collides with the position deviated from the center of the top surface 24. It becomes easy to rotate around a parallel shaft (referred to as the rotation axis). That is, a part of the kinetic energy of the flying object can be changed to the rotational energy of the second pellet 21. Furthermore, since the top surface 24 has a curved surface shape protruding outward, the probability that the top surface 24 will receive the impact of the scattered objects is reduced.

  A curved portion 26 with a rounded shape is also formed between the cylindrical side surface 22 and the top surface 24. When the curved portion 26 is formed, the second pellet 21 is easily rotated around the above-described rotation axis when the scattered object collides with a position deviated from the center of the top surface 24. That is, when not only the curved portion 25 but also the curved portion 26 is formed, the second pellet 21 has a rounded shape as a whole, so that it is easy to rotate when a flying object collides from the outside. Furthermore, by providing the curved portion 25 and the curved portion 26, it is possible to prevent the second pellets 21 from colliding with each other during production, and a part of the second pellets 21 being broken or the second pellet 21 being cracked.

  In this embodiment, the cylindrical diameter D is 200.038 mm, the length M of the substantially vertical portion of the cylindrical side surface 22 from the curved portion 25 to the curved portion 26 is 95.003 mm, and the distance between the top surface 24 and the bottom surface 23. (Height) H is 172.44 mm, the curvature of the curved portion 25 is R35 mm, the curvature of the curved portion 26 is R30 mm, and the curvature of the top surface 24 is R280.36 mm. However, such dimensions are merely examples, and different dimensions may be employed. For example, the curvatures of the curved portion 25, the curved portion 26, and the top surface 24 may be made larger or smaller. Further, the cylinder diameter D, the length M, and the height H may be made larger than the above dimensions or may be made smaller.

  The second pellet 21 may be made of any material such as ceramic, metal (including an alloy), engineering plastic, wood, etc., but is preferably made of ceramic or metal having excellent strength. About the kind of ceramic material and a metal material, since it is the same as the content demonstrated in 1st Embodiment, the description is abbreviate | omitted. Also in this embodiment, the second pellet 21 is composed of the second large pellet and the second small pellet, as in the first embodiment. Since the filling state is the same as the state shown in FIG. 1, the description thereof is omitted. However, the second pellets 21 may all be the same size.

  In this embodiment, the second large pellet and the second small pellet are respectively made of aluminum oxide and silicon carbide. However, the present invention is not limited to such a combination of materials, and aluminum oxide, boron carbide, and silicon carbide. A combination of aluminum and boron carbide may be used. The combination of these materials is the same as that described in the first embodiment. Moreover, as the filler 2 filled between the 2nd pellets 21, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin is employable, for example. The illustrations of the thermoplastic resin and the thermosetting resin are the same as the contents described in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a state where the second pellet 21 rotates when the scattered matter collides with the second pellet 21.

  When the scattered matter collides with a portion other than the center of the top surface 24 of the second pellet 21 as indicated by an arrow X, the pressure on the bottom surface 23 in the vicinity of the curved portion 25 increases, and the second pellet 21 While sliding, the cylindrical side surface 22 rotates around an axis passing through the center of gravity in parallel with the bottom surface 23 (the state of rotation is indicated by an arrow Y). For this reason, the energy of the scattered matter is dispersed from the collided second pellet 21 to the second pellet 21 existing around it, and is consumed by the rotation of the collided second pellet 21 itself. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the risk that the flying object penetrates the pellet protector.

  FIG. 10 is a view showing a pellet protector provided with the second pellet 21, wherein (10A) is a partially transparent view seen from the side of the pellet protector, and (10B) is a part of the pellet protector. It is a figure which shows the change of a pellet protection body when the impact F by the collision of a flying object is added to. In FIG. 10, the size of the second pellet 21 is the same for simplification.

  As shown in (10A), the pellet protector according to the second embodiment includes a plate 28, a plurality of second pellets 21 arranged on the plate 28, and a filler 2 filling between the second pellets 21. And. The plate 28 is a plate made of metal (including an alloy). In this case, the contact portion between the second pellet 21 and the plate 28 is flat. As shown in (10B), when the impact F is applied to the pellet protector, the second pellet 21 is destroyed (the second pellet 21 with a cross mark is partly or entirely destroyed by the second pellet 21). Is pushed in the direction of the plate 28. Then, the plate 28 is recessed while the bottom surface portion of the second pellet 21 is kept in contact with the second pellet 21. As a result, it is possible to mitigate the occurrence of the ball-thrust phenomenon between the second pellets 21. At this time, a deformation 28 a having a size proportional to the diameter of the second pellet 21 occurs on the plate 28.

  Since the bottom surface 23 of the second pellet 21 is substantially flat, the impact F of the scattered matter can be transmitted from the second pellet 21 to the plate 28 immediately below it in a wide area. Therefore, the probability that the plate 28 is destroyed can be lowered. Furthermore, since the plate 28 is unlikely to dent on the side opposite to the side on which the second pellet 21 is placed, the second pellet 21 is likely to rotate on the plate 28. Therefore, a part of the kinetic energy of the scattered matter can be consumed for the rotation of the second pellet 21. Furthermore, since the curved portion 26 is formed between the top surface 24 and the cylindrical side surface 22, the second pellet 21 is easily rotated.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a pellet protector in which a layer filled with the first pellet 1 described in the first embodiment is stacked on a layer filled with the second pellet 21.

  When such a configuration is adopted, the scattered material first collides with the layer filled with the first pellet 1. When the scattered material enters the gap between the first pellets 1, the scattered material is partly threaded at the edge 6 of the first pellet 1, rotates the first pellet 1, and also the surrounding first pellet 1 While propagating the impact, the kinetic energy is consumed, and when the kinetic energy is still large, the layer of the second pellet 21 is entered.

  The scattered matter that has entered the layer of the second pellet 21 consumes energy to disperse the impact on the second pellet 21 around the second pellet 21 that has collided with the rotation of the second pellet 21. As a result, the probability that the flying object breaks through the plate 28 and reaches the protection target is extremely low.

  It should be noted that the number of steps for stacking the pellet protectors may be three or more. When the number of steps to be stacked is increased, the risk of scattered objects penetrating the pellet protector can be reduced while the weight of the pellet protector is increased. Therefore, it is preferable to determine the number of stages according to the application.

  Next, a pellet protector according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 12 is a view of a setting state of a plurality of pellets 41 constituting a pellet protector according to another embodiment, as viewed from a direction in which a scattered object is impacted.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the pellets 41 are arranged in contact with the surrounding pellets 41 at six points. Further, the gap between the pellets 41 is filled with a filler 42 having a hardness lower than that of the pellet 41. The reason why the pellet protector is composed of the plurality of pellets 41 is to prevent the entire pellet protector from being destroyed and to easily repair only the broken portion.

  The pellet 41 constituting the pellet protector may be made of any material such as ceramics, metal, engineering plastic, and wood, but is preferably made of ceramic or metal having excellent strength. Since the material of the pellet 41 is the same as that of the 1st pellet 1 demonstrated in previous embodiment, the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Further, as the filler 42, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin can be employed. Examples of the thermoplastic resin and the thermosetting resin are the same as the material of the filler 2 described in the previous embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted. The ideal values for maintaining the flexibility of the filler 42 after curing are hardness 90-95 (measurement method: ASTM D-2240), elongation 380-420% (measurement method: ASTM D-412), tensile The strength is 2700 to 3000 psi (measurement method: ASTM D-412), and the water absorption is 1.6% (measurement method: ASTM D-570).

  FIG. 13 is a view showing a typical pellet 41 as viewed from the side surface.

  As the shape of the pellet 41, a spherical shape as shown in (13A) or a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in (13B) and (13C) can be adopted. When the shape of the pellet 41 is a spherical shape, the pellets 41 are in point contact with each other. On the other hand, when the shape of the pellet 41 is substantially cylindrical, the pellets 41 are in line contact with each other. One of the upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical pellet 41 is convex. Because the surface where the convex surfaces of the pellets 41 are arranged is the surface that receives the impact of the scattered objects in the pellet protector, it can be expected that the kinetic energy of the scattered objects will be diverted not only to the collided pellets but also around the pellets. is there. One of the criteria for properly using the pellet 41 (13B) having only one convex surface and the pellet (13C) having two convex surfaces will be described later.

  FIG. 14 illustrates the force transmitted to the surroundings when a projectile such as a bullet hits the convex surface of the pellet 41. (14A) shows the situation seen from the convex surface side of the pellet 41, that is, the surface of the pellet protector, and (14B) shows the situation seen from the side surface direction of the pellet 41, respectively.

  When an impact F such as a bullet is applied to the convex surface of one of the pellets 41 (the uppermost pellet 41 on the paper surface), part of the pellet 41 is transmitted toward the surface facing the convex surface. Further, a part of the impact F is relaxed by the filler 42, and the rest is transmitted to the adjacent pellets 41 through a tangent line in contact with the pellets 41, as indicated by white arrows. The impact transmitted to the adjacent pellet 41 is further transmitted to the surrounding pellet 41 via a tangent line in contact therewith. In the tangent line between the pellets 41, the forces transmitted to each other may cancel each other. In this way, a part of the impact F applied to one pellet 41 is dispersed by the number of parts in contact with the surrounding pellet 41 and transmitted to the surrounding pellet 41. Therefore, the impact is not transmitted over a wide area and is limited. It fits inside.

  FIG. 15 is a view showing a state of transmission of an impact when an impact F is applied to a pellet protector constituted by a pellet 43 outside the present invention that is different from the pellet 41.

  When the columnar pellets 43 having hexagonal surfaces on both upper and lower sides are arranged so as to be in surface contact with each other, a part of the impact F is applied when the impact F is applied to one of the pellets 43 (the lower left pellet 3 in the figure). Is transmitted to the surrounding pellets 43 through the contact surface. However, if they are in contact with each other only on the surface of the pellet 43, the transmission of impact has directionality, and the probability that the destruction of the pellet 43 extends over a wide range increases. That is, while propagating in the direction of the white arrow in the figure, most of the kinetic energy goes straight in the direction of the hatched arrow, and the probability that the area to be destroyed expands increases. In addition, the structure which fills the clearance gap between pellets 43 with a filler is also considered. However, rather than the propagation of kinetic energy to the surrounding pellets 43, it becomes easier to concentrate only on the impacted pellets 43, and the risk of penetrating the pellet protector increases. Therefore, even if the pellets 43 are brought into surface contact with each other and a filler is present in the gap between the pellets 43, the performance of the pellet protector is inferior.

  FIG. 16 is a view showing a pellet protector including a pellet 41 in which one of the bottom surfaces is convex and the other is a flat surface. (16A) is a partially transparent view seen from the cross-sectional direction of the pellet protector, (16B) is an enlarged view showing a part of one pellet 41, and (16C) is an impact F applied to a part. It is a figure which shows the change of the pellet protector at the time.

  As shown in (16A), the pellet protector includes a plate 44, a plurality of pellets 41 arranged on the plate 44, and a filler 42 that fills the space between the pellets 41. The plate 44 is a metal (including an alloy) plate. In this case, it is better to make the contact portion between the pellet 41 and the plate 44 flat. When the pellet 41 to which the impact F is applied is pushed in the direction of the plate 44 while being broken, the plate 44 is dented while the bottom surface portion of the pellet 41 maintains contact with the pellet 41. This is because it is possible to mitigate the occurrence of the ball collision phenomenon between the pellets 41. At this time, a deformation 44 a having a size proportional to the diameter of the pellet 41 occurs in the plate 44.

  FIG. 17 is a view showing a pellet protector provided with pellets 41 having convex bottom surfaces. (17A) is a partially transparent view seen from the cross-sectional direction of the pellet protector, (17B) is an enlarged view showing a part of one pellet 41, and (17C) is an impact F applied to a part. It is a figure which shows the change of the pellet protector at the time.

  The pellet protector plate 44 shown in FIG. 17 is a resin plate. In this case, the contact portion between the pellet 41 and the plate 44 should be curved. When the pellet 41 to which the impact F is applied is pushed in the direction of the plate 44 while being broken, the plate 44 is recessed in a hemispherical shape downward in the figure. This is because the contact surface of the pellet 41 is also a convex shape, so that the contact between the pellet 41 and the plate 44 can be maintained, and this can reduce the occurrence of the ball collision phenomenon between the pellets 41. At this time, a deformation 44 a having a size proportional to the diameter of the pellet 41 occurs in the plate 44.

  Next, another embodiment of the pellet protector will be described.

  FIG. 18 is a view (18A) and a perspective view (18B) of the pellet 50 showing a setting state of a plurality of pellets 50 constituting a pellet protector according to another embodiment as viewed from the direction of impact of the scattered matter. is there.

  As shown in (18B), a pellet protector provided with a plurality of pellets 50 in which convex portions 50a are arranged on the side surface of the cylinder may be employed. In this case, the pellets 50 are in line contact with each other between the convex portion 50a and the side surface of the pellet 50. When all the convex portions 50a come into contact with the side surfaces of the pellet 50, the amount of the impact applied to the pellet 50 that is transmitted in the lateral direction is distributed to twelve contact portions and spreads to the periphery. Therefore, the destruction area of the pellet 50 can be further reduced.

  In this embodiment, the convex portion 50a is a semi-cylinder having a semicircular bottom surface, but is not limited to a semicircular shape, and is a columnar convex portion having both bottom surfaces whose angles are smaller or larger than the semicircle. May be adopted. In that case, the number of contact portions between the pellets 50 may be less than 12 or may be different for each pellet 50. However, since the number of contact portions is in the range of 6 to 12, it is possible to obtain the effect of reducing the fracture area by dispersing the transmission of impact.

  Next, still another embodiment of the pellet protector will be described.

  FIG. 19 is a view of a setting state of a plurality of pellets 60 constituting a pellet protector according to another embodiment, as viewed from the direction of receiving the impact of scattered objects.

  This pellet protector has a configuration in which small pellets 61 are interposed between substantially cylindrical pellets 60. A filler 62 is present in a portion other than the pellet 60 and the small pellet 61. In this embodiment, each pellet 60 is adjacent to another pellet 60 via 12 contact lines (or contact points) between the small pellets 61. For this reason, it is possible to obtain an effect of reducing the fracture area by distributing the transmission of the impact. Note that the number of the small pellets 61 may be further reduced so that the small pellets 61 and the pellets 60 are not in contact with each other but the small pellets 61.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram showing variations of the small pellets 61 interposed in the gaps between the pellets 60.

  Here, the pellet 60 will be described as an example in which both the upper and lower surfaces are convex pellets, but the same applies to the case where only one surface has a convex shape. The small pellet 61 may have a convex shape on both upper and lower surfaces as shown in the lower left part of FIG. Further, although not shown, only one of the upper and lower surfaces may be convex, or at least one of the upper and lower surfaces may be concave. Moreover, you may employ | adopt the small pellet 61 comprised from the small sphere 61a as shown in the lower right of FIG. When the small balls 61a are stacked in the thickness direction of the pellet 60, the contact between the pellet 60 and the small pellet 61 is a point contact. Moreover, the number of contact portions is the total number obtained by multiplying the number of small pellets 61 in contact with the pellet 60 by the number of small spheres 61 a constituting the small pellet 61. Therefore, the impact applied to the pellet 60 can be further dispersed, and the effect of making the fracture area smaller can be obtained.

  Since the manufacturing process of the pellet protector according to each embodiment described based on each drawing of FIGS. 12 to 20 is manufactured through the same manufacturing process as the pellet protector according to the first embodiment, The description is omitted. Moreover, the pellet protector according to each embodiment described based on each drawing of FIGS. 12 to 20 can also be a pellet protector having a plurality of layers as shown in FIG.

  The present invention relates to battle vehicles (tanks, armored vehicles, artillery vehicles, etc.), ships (ships, ships, guard boats, cargo ships, etc.), aircrafts (fixed wing aircraft, rotary wing aircraft, etc.), security vehicles, cash transport vehicles (resistant) Peripheral equipment (control equipment, piping, etc.) by debris of high-speed rotating parts from special vehicles such as bullet armor plates), additional armor material (A) in general passenger cars, high-speed rotating bodies (turbine rotating parts such as generators and jet engines) ) Damage prevention plate (B), bulletproof vest additional bulletproof plate, explosives storage lining (C), peripheral equipment (control equipment, piping, etc.) due to damage to high pressure containers such as boilers and reaction kettles ) May be implemented in industries that manufacture and use protective plates (D) and the like that prevent damage.

It is the figure which looked at the setting state of the some 1st pellet which comprises the pellet protector concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention from the direction of the surface which receives the collision of a scattered matter or a bullet. It is a figure which shows sectional drawing which saw and cut | disconnected the 1st pellet shown in FIG. 1 toward the opposing surface from the surface where a scattered material collides. It is a figure which shows the condition which the scattered material collided with the pellet protector so that a scattered material might enter into the clearance gap between the 1st pellets shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows a mode that the 1st pellet rotates, when a scattered material collides with the 1st pellet shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the pellet protector provided with two or more 1st pellets shown in FIG. 2, (5A) is a partially transparent view seen from the side direction of a pellet protector, (5B) is a part of pellet protector It is a figure which shows the change of a pellet protection body when the impact F by the collision of a flying object is added to. It is the figure which looked at the setting state of the some 1st pellet which comprises the pellet protector which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention from the direction which receives the impact of a scattered matter, (6A) is the 1st large pellet and the 1st The pellet protector which constituted the first pellet so that only one small pellet has the same shape and a different diameter is shown. (6B) shows the first pellet so that the first large pellet and the first small pellet have different shapes and diameters. It is a figure which shows the comprised pellet protector. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the pellet protector concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cross section cut | disconnected in the direction which goes to the bottom face which opposes it from the top | upper surface of the side which a scattered matter collides in the 2nd pellet which comprises the pellet protector which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows a mode that the 2nd pellet rotates, when a scattered material collides with the 2nd pellet shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the pellet protector provided with two or more 2nd pellets shown in FIG. 8, (10A) is a partially transparent view seen from the side direction of a pellet protector, (10B) is a part of pellet protector It is a figure which shows the change of a pellet protection body when the impact F by the collision of a flying object is added to. It is a figure which shows the pellet protector which piled up the layer filled with the 1st pellet demonstrated in 1st Embodiment on the layer filled with the 2nd pellet shown in FIG. It is the figure which looked at the setting state of the some pellet which comprises the pellet protector concerning other embodiment of this invention from the direction which receives the collision of a scattered material. It is a figure which shows the form which looked at the typical pellet which comprises the pellet guard shown in FIG. 12 from the side surface direction. FIG. 14 illustrates the force transmitted to the periphery when a projectile such as a bullet hits the convex surface of the pellet shown in FIG. 13, and (14A) shows the situation seen from the convex surface side of the pellet, that is, the surface of the pellet protector. (14B) shows the situation seen from the side of the pellet, that is, from the cross-sectional direction of the pellet protector. It is a figure which shows the transmission condition of the impact when the impact F is added to the pellet protector comprised from the pellet outside this invention different from the pellet shown in FIG. It is the pellet which comprises the pellet protector shown in FIG. 12, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the pellet protector provided with the pellet by which one of the bottom is convex shape and the other is a plane, (16A) is a pellet protector It is a partial permeation | transmission figure seen from the cross-sectional direction of the body, (16B) is a figure which expands and shows the part of one pellet, (16C) is a part of a pellet protector when the impact F is added to a part It is a figure which shows a change. It is the pellet which comprises the pellet protector shown in FIG. 12, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the pellet protector provided with the pellet where both bottom surfaces are convex shape, (17A) is one seen from the cross-sectional direction of the pellet protector. It is a partial transmission diagram, (17B) is an enlarged view showing a part of one pellet, (17C) is a diagram showing the change of the pellet protector when an impact F is applied to a part. It is the figure (18A) and the perspective view (18B) of the pellet which looked at the setting state of the some pellet which comprises the pellet protector concerning another embodiment of this invention from the direction which receives the impact of a scattered material. It is the figure which looked at the setting state of the several pellet which comprises the pellet protector concerning another embodiment of this invention from the plate | board surface direction which receives the impact of a scattered material. It is a figure which shows the variation of the small pellet interposed in the clearance gap between the pellets shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 1st pellet 1a 1st large pellet (part of 1st pellet)
1b First small pellet (part of the first pellet)
2 Filler 3 Cylindrical side surface 4 Bottom surface 5 Top surface 6 Edge 7 Curved portion 8 Plate 10 Scattered matter 12 Convex portion 21 Second pellet 22 Cylindrical side surface 23 Bottom surface 24 Top surface 25 Curved portion 26 Curved portion 28 Plate

Claims (5)

In a state where a plurality of substantially cylindrical first pellets are in contact with each other by dots or lines, the bottom surface of the first pellet is disposed toward the plate, and a gap between the first pellets is formed between the first pellets. A pellet protector having a structure filled with a lower hardness filler,
The first pellet is a pellet of the same type or a plurality of types of large and small,
The widest interval among the intervals between the first pellets is 5 mm or less,
All or a part of the first pellet has an edge between the side surface and the top surface, and has a curved portion with a radius between the side surface and the bottom surface. Pellet guard.   Protrusions are provided on the side surfaces of the first pellets, and the first pellets are arranged so as to contact each other between the projecting parts or parts other than the projecting parts. Item 2. The pellet protector according to Item 1.   The pellet protector according to claim 2, wherein the first pellet is a plurality of types of pellets having different numbers of convex portions. In a state where a plurality of substantially cylindrical second pellets are in contact with each other by dots or lines, the bottom surface of the second pellet is disposed toward the plate, and the gap between the second pellets is defined as the second pellet. A pellet protector having a structure filled with a lower hardness filler,
All or a part of the second pellet has a curved portion with a radius between the side surface and the top surface and between the side surface and the bottom surface, and the bottom surface is substantially flat. A pellet protector characterized in that the top surface is a curved surface protruding outward. In a state where a plurality of substantially cylindrical first pellets are in contact with each other by dots or lines, the bottom surface of the first pellet is disposed toward the plate, and a gap between the first pellets is formed in the first pellet. It has a structure filled with a filler with a lower hardness than pellets,
The first pellet is a pellet of the same type or a plurality of types of large and small,
The widest interval among the intervals between the first pellets is 5 mm or less,
All or a part of the first pellet has an edge between the side surface and the top surface, and has a bent portion with a rounded portion between the side surface and the bottom surface. The
The pellet protector according to claim 4, wherein the pellet protector is arranged so as to overlap the upper stage of the second pellet.

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