JP2006288383A - Method for producing refined green tea extract - Google Patents
Method for producing refined green tea extract Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2006288383A JP2006288383A JP2006021439A JP2006021439A JP2006288383A JP 2006288383 A JP2006288383 A JP 2006288383A JP 2006021439 A JP2006021439 A JP 2006021439A JP 2006021439 A JP2006021439 A JP 2006021439A JP 2006288383 A JP2006288383 A JP 2006288383A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- green tea
- tea extract
- mass
- organic solvent
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Landscapes
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は緑茶抽出物から、非重合体カテキン類を高濃度含有し、かつ容器詰飲料製造時に濁りの生じない精製緑茶抽出物を製造する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a purified green tea extract containing a high concentration of non-polymer catechins and producing no turbidity when producing a packaged beverage from a green tea extract.
カテキン類はコレステロール上昇抑制作用やα−アミラーゼ活性阻害作用などを有することが知られている（例えば、特許文献１、特許文献２参照）。カテキン類のこのような生理効果を発現させるには、成人一日あたり４〜５杯のお茶を飲むことが必要である。このため、より簡便に大量のカテキン類を摂取できるよう、飲料にカテキン類を高濃度に配合する技術が望まれている。 Catechins are known to have an action to suppress cholesterol elevation, an action to inhibit α-amylase activity, and the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). In order to develop such physiological effects of catechins, it is necessary to drink 4-5 cups of tea per day for adults. For this reason, the technique of mix | blending catechins with high concentration in a drink is desired so that a large amount of catechins can be ingested more simply.
一方、緑茶抽出物を配合した容器詰飲料においては、長期保存後に濁りやオリが発生するという問題があり、その防止手段として紅茶抽出液に有機酸、ビタミンＣ、レモン果汁などの酸味料を添加してpHを２．５〜５．０に調整した後、遠心分離して紅茶抽出液中のティークリームを除去する方法（特許文献１）、及び緑茶抽出液にアスコルビン酸を添加し、冷却して遠心分離後、珪藻土でろ過する方法（特許文献２）が報告されている。しかしながら、これらの手段によっては、非重合体カテキンを高濃度に含有する緑茶抽出物においては、容器詰飲料調製時の濁りの生成抑制効果は十分でなかった。
本発明の目的は、高い非重合体カテキン類濃度を有し、かつ容器詰飲料調製時に濁りの生じない精製緑茶抽出物の製造法を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a purified green tea extract having a high concentration of non-polymer catechins and free of turbidity when a packaged beverage is prepared.
本発明者は、容器詰飲料調製時の濁りの発生原因について種々検討したところ、当該濁りが緑茶抽出物中に含まれる脂質成分にあることを見出した。ここで脂質成分とは、緑茶葉に元来含有されるものであり、例えばレシチンに代表されるリン脂質、モノガラクトシルジグリセリド（ＭＧＤＧ）、ジガラクトシルジグリセリド（ＤＧＤＧ）に代表される糖脂質がその主成分である（茶業技術研究53号.P82-87.1977-12）。そして更に検討したと
ころ、当該濁りの原因物質は、緑茶抽出物を水又は有機溶媒水溶液に溶解し、これに有機酸及びその塩を一定量添加すれば、不溶物が生成・凝集するため、これを除去すれば、高濃度の非重合体カテキン類を有し、かつ容器詰飲料を調製した際に濁りの生じない精製緑茶抽出物が得られることを見出した。
As a result of various studies on the cause of turbidity during preparation of packaged beverages, the present inventor has found that the turbidity is present in the lipid component contained in the green tea extract. Here, the lipid component is originally contained in green tea leaves. For example, phospholipids typified by lecithin, monogalactosyl diglyceride (MGDG), and glycolipids typified by digalactosyl diglyceride (DGDG) are the main components. It is an ingredient (tea industry technical research No. 53.P82-87.1977-12). As a result of further investigation, the cause of the turbidity is that the green tea extract is dissolved in water or an organic solvent aqueous solution, and if a certain amount of organic acid and its salt are added thereto, insoluble matter is formed and aggregated. It has been found that a purified green tea extract having a high concentration of non-polymer catechins and free of turbidity when a packaged beverage is prepared can be obtained by removing.
すなわち、本発明は、緑茶抽出物を水又は有機溶媒水溶液に溶解し、有機酸及びその塩を緑茶抽出物の固形分１００質量部に対して１〜５０質量部添加し、生成する不溶物を除去することを特徴とする、抽出物の固形分に対して非重合体カテキン類を２５〜９０質量％含有する精製緑茶抽出物の製造法を提供するものである。 That is, the present invention dissolves a green tea extract in water or an organic solvent aqueous solution, adds 1 to 50 parts by mass of an organic acid and a salt thereof to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the green tea extract, and generates an insoluble matter. The present invention provides a method for producing a purified green tea extract containing 25 to 90% by mass of non-polymer catechins based on the solid content of the extract.
本発明方法により得られた精製緑茶抽出物を用いれば、容器詰飲料調製時に濁りが生じないため、非重合体カテキン類を高濃度に含有するスポーツ飲料、アイソトニック飲料等として特に有用である。 When the purified green tea extract obtained by the method of the present invention is used, turbidity does not occur during preparation of a container-packed beverage. Therefore, it is particularly useful as a sports beverage, isotonic beverage or the like containing a high concentration of non-polymer catechins.
本発明で用いる緑茶抽出物は、非重合体カテキン類を１種以上含有するものである。非重合体カテキン類とは、カテキン、ガロカテキン、カテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレート等の非エピ体カテキン類及びエピカテキン、エピガロカテキン、エピカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキンガレート等のエピ体カテキン類をあわせての総称である。 The green tea extract used in the present invention contains one or more non-polymer catechins. Non-polymer catechins include non-epide catechins such as catechin, gallocatechin, catechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate and epicatechins such as epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, etc. It is a general term.
本発明におけるガレート体率とは、カテキンガレートとガロカテキンガレートとエピカテキンガレートとエピガロカテキンガレート４種の質量和が８種からなる非重合体カテキン類の質量和に対する１００分率の値である。 The gallate body ratio in the present invention is a value of 100 fraction with respect to the mass sum of non-polymer catechins consisting of 8 kinds of catechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate. .
このような非重合体カテキン類を含有する緑茶抽出物としては、緑茶の茶葉から得られた抽出液を乾燥又は濃縮したものなどが挙げられる。 Examples of the green tea extract containing such non-polymer catechins include those obtained by drying or concentrating an extract obtained from green tea leaves.
ここで使用する茶葉は、より具体的には、Camellia属、例えばC. sinensis、C. assamica、及びやぶきた種、又はそれらの雑種等から得られる茶葉から製茶された茶葉が挙げられる。製茶された茶葉には、煎茶、番茶、玉露、てん茶、釜炒り茶等の緑茶類がある。
茶葉から緑茶抽出物を得る為の抽出方法は、攪拌抽出等の方法により行うことができる。また、煮沸脱気や窒素ガス等の不活性ガスを通気して溶存酸素を除去しつつ、いわゆる非酸化的雰囲気下で抽出する方法を併用してもよい。このようにして得られた抽出液を乾燥し、本発明に使用する緑茶抽出物を得る。緑茶抽出物の形態としては、液体、スラリー、半固体、固体の状態が挙げられる。エタノール中での分散性の観点から、スラリー、半固体、固体の状態が好ましい。
More specifically, the tea leaves used here include tea leaves made from tea leaves obtained from the genus Camellia, for example, C. sinensis, C. assamica, and Yabuki species, or hybrids thereof. The tea leaves produced include green teas such as sencha, bancha, gyokuro, tencha, and kettle roasted tea.
An extraction method for obtaining a green tea extract from tea leaves can be performed by a method such as stirring extraction. Moreover, you may use together the method of extracting in so-called non-oxidative atmosphere, ventilating inert gas, such as boiling deaeration and nitrogen gas, and removing dissolved oxygen. The extract thus obtained is dried to obtain the green tea extract used in the present invention. Examples of the green tea extract include liquid, slurry, semi-solid, and solid state. From the viewpoint of dispersibility in ethanol, a slurry, semi-solid, or solid state is preferable.
本発明に使用する緑茶抽出物には茶葉から抽出した抽出液を乾燥して使用するかわりに、茶抽出物の濃縮物を用いても、茶葉からの抽出液の乾燥物と茶抽出物の濃縮物とを併用しても良い。
ここで、茶抽出物の濃縮物とは、茶葉から熱水又は水溶性有機溶媒により抽出された抽出物を濃縮したものであり、例えば、特開昭５９−２１９３８４号公報、特開平４−２０５８９号公報、特開平５−２６０９０７号公報、特開平５−３０６２７９号公報等に記載されている方法により調製したものをいう。
具体的には、緑茶抽出物として、市販の東京フードテクノ社製「ポリフェノン」、伊藤園社製「テアフラン」、太陽化学社製「サンフェノン」などの粗カテキン製剤を用いることもできる。
The green tea extract used in the present invention, instead of drying the extract extracted from the tea leaves, using the concentrate of the tea extract, the concentrated extract of the extract from the tea leaves and the tea extract You may use together.
Here, the concentrate of tea extract is obtained by concentrating an extract extracted from tea leaves with hot water or a water-soluble organic solvent. For example, JP-A-59-219384 and JP-A-4-20589. No. 5, 260-907, JP-A-5-306279, and the like.
Specifically, as the green tea extract, commercially available crude catechin preparations such as “Polyphenone” manufactured by Tokyo Food Techno Co., “Theafuran” manufactured by ITO EN Co., Ltd., “Sunphenon” manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd. may be used.
緑茶抽出物として、緑茶抽出物をタンナーゼ処理した抽出物を用いると苦みや渋みが顕著に低減された精製緑茶抽出物が得られることから、特に好ましい。ここで使用されるタンナーゼは、非重合体カテキン類を分解する活性を有するものであればよい。具体的には、アスペルギルス属、ペニシリウム属、リゾプス属などのタンナーゼ生産菌を培養して得られるタンナーゼが使用できる。このうち、アスペルギルス オリーゼ由来のものが特に好ましい。緑茶抽出液に粉末状又は溶液状のタンナーゼを、２５Unit/L〜５００Unit/L、好ましくは５０Unit/L〜１５０Unit/Lの濃度になるように添加する。かかるタンナーゼの添加量は、固形分１mgに換算すると、０．１Unit以上、好ましくは０．２Unit以上である。ここで１Unitは、３０℃の水中においてタンニン酸に含まれるエステル結合を１マイクロモル加水分解する酵素量で定義される。その後、５℃〜５０℃、望ましくは１０℃〜４０℃に１０〜７０質量％のガレート体率に達するまでの間保持する。 As the green tea extract, it is particularly preferable to use an extract obtained by tannase-treating the green tea extract because a purified green tea extract with significantly reduced bitterness and astringency can be obtained. The tannase used here may be any as long as it has an activity of decomposing non-polymer catechins. Specifically, tannase obtained by culturing tannase-producing bacteria such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus and the like can be used. Of these, those derived from Aspergillus oryzae are particularly preferred. Powdered or solution tannase is added to the green tea extract so as to have a concentration of 25 Unit / L to 500 Unit / L, preferably 50 Unit / L to 150 Unit / L. The amount of tannase added is 0.1 Unit or more, preferably 0.2 Unit or more when converted to a solid content of 1 mg. Here, 1 Unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that hydrolyzes 1 micromole of an ester bond contained in tannic acid in 30 ° C. water. Thereafter, it is held at 5 ° C. to 50 ° C., preferably 10 ° C. to 40 ° C. until reaching a gallate body ratio of 10 to 70% by mass.
その後、できるだけ速やかに４５℃〜９５℃、好ましくは７５℃〜９５℃まで昇温し、タンナーゼを失活させることにより反応を停止する。当該タンナーゼの失活処理により、その後のガレート体率の低下が防止でき、目的とするガレート体率の緑茶抽出物が得られる。 Thereafter, the temperature is raised to 45 ° C. to 95 ° C., preferably 75 ° C. to 95 ° C. as soon as possible, and the reaction is stopped by deactivating tannase. By the deactivation treatment of the tannase, the subsequent decrease in the gallate body ratio can be prevented, and a green tea extract having the desired gallate body ratio can be obtained.
本発明のタンナーゼ処理においては、得られる緑茶抽出物の非重合体カテキン類中のガレート体率は苦味低減及び外観の面から１０〜７０質量％、好ましくは３０〜６０質量％の範囲に制御される。すなわち、本発明で実施されるタンナーゼ処理は、従来の重合体カテキン類に含まれるすべてのガレート体を加水分解する処理方法とは異なり、タンナーゼ処理時のガレート体率を制御する。タンナーゼ処理によるガレート体率の制御は処理時の緑茶抽出液のpH挙動によって反応の終点を決定することが好ましい。当該pHは３〜６、特に３．５〜５．５が好ましい。これにより緑茶抽出液中のガレート体量を任意の範囲で維持するタンナーゼ処理した緑茶抽出物を得ることができる。また、タンナーゼ処理後のタンナーゼ失活処理により、その後のガレート体率の低下が防止できる。 In the tannase treatment of the present invention, the percentage of gallate body in the non-polymer catechins of the green tea extract obtained is controlled in the range of 10 to 70% by mass, preferably 30 to 60% by mass in terms of bitterness reduction and appearance. The That is, the tannase treatment carried out in the present invention controls the gallate body rate during tannase treatment, unlike the treatment method in which all gallate bodies contained in the conventional polymer catechins are hydrolyzed. The control of the gallate body rate by tannase treatment preferably determines the end point of the reaction based on the pH behavior of the green tea extract during the treatment. The pH is preferably 3 to 6, particularly 3.5 to 5.5. As a result, a tannase-treated green tea extract that maintains the amount of gallate body in the green tea extract in an arbitrary range can be obtained. Moreover, the fall of the gallate body rate after that can be prevented by the tannase deactivation process after a tannase process.
本発明で使用する緑茶抽出物としては、乾燥質量で、非重合体カテキン類を２５〜９０質量％、更に３０〜９０質量％、更にまた３５〜９０質量％含有する茶抽出物の濃縮物を用いるのが、好ましい。 As the green tea extract used in the present invention, a concentrate of tea extract containing 25 to 90% by mass, further 30 to 90% by mass, and further 35 to 90% by mass of non-polymer catechins by dry mass. It is preferable to use it.
更に、本発明においては、本発明の処理に先立って、緑茶抽出物を有機溶媒と水の混合溶液中で活性炭及び酸性白土又は活性白土と接触させて得られた緑茶抽出物を用いるのが好ましい。このような緑茶抽出物を用いれば、非重合体カテキン類濃度が高く、カフェイン含量が低く、かつ容器詰飲料調製時に濁りが生じない精製緑茶抽出物が得られる。 Furthermore, in the present invention, prior to the treatment of the present invention, it is preferable to use a green tea extract obtained by bringing a green tea extract into contact with activated carbon and acid clay or activated clay in a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water. . By using such a green tea extract, a purified green tea extract having a high non-polymer catechin concentration, a low caffeine content, and no turbidity when preparing a packaged beverage can be obtained.
緑茶抽出物を有機溶媒と水の混合溶液中で活性炭及び酸性白土又は活性白土と接触させる前処理の具体的な方法を以下に示す。
前処理の緑茶抽出物の製造に用いられる有機溶媒と水の混合溶液としては、カテキン類の抽出効率及びカフェイン除去率の点から、有機溶媒と水の質量比を９０／１０〜９９／１、更に９１／９〜９７／３、更に９１／９〜９５／５、特に９２／８〜９５／５の範囲に調整するのが好ましい。
A specific pretreatment method in which the green tea extract is brought into contact with activated carbon and acidic clay or activated clay in a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water is shown below.
As a mixed solution of the organic solvent and water used for the production of the pretreated green tea extract, the mass ratio of the organic solvent to water is 90/10 to 99/1 from the viewpoint of the extraction efficiency of catechins and the caffeine removal rate. Further, it is preferable to adjust in the range of 91/9 to 97/3, further 91/9 to 95/5, particularly 92/8 to 95/5.
前処理の用いる有機溶媒としては、エタノール、メタノール、アセトン、酢酸エチル等が挙げられる。これらのうち、エタノール、メタノール、アセトンの親水性有機溶媒が好ましく、特に食品への使用を考慮すると、エタノールが好ましい。 Examples of the organic solvent used in the pretreatment include ethanol, methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. Of these, hydrophilic organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and acetone are preferable, and ethanol is particularly preferable in consideration of use in foods.
前処理における緑茶抽出物を有機溶媒と水の混合溶液に分散する方法は特に制限されず、緑茶抽出物を最終的に処理する際の有機溶媒と水の質量比が９０／１０〜９９／１の範囲になっていれば良い。 The method for dispersing the green tea extract in the mixed solution of the organic solvent and water in the pretreatment is not particularly limited, and the mass ratio of the organic solvent to water in the final treatment of the green tea extract is 90/10 to 99/1. If it is in the range.
緑茶抽出物の前処理においては、有機溶媒と水の混合溶液１００質量部に対して、緑茶抽出物１０〜４０質量部、特に１０〜３０質量部添加して処理するのが、緑茶抽出物を効率良く処理できるので好ましい。 In the pretreatment of the green tea extract, 10 to 40 parts by mass, particularly 10 to 30 parts by mass of the green tea extract is added to 100 parts by mass of the mixed solution of the organic solvent and water. It is preferable because it can be processed efficiently.
前処理における水又は有機溶媒の必要量の添加時間は１０〜３０分程度の時間でゆっくり滴下するのが好ましい。また、カテキン類の抽出効率を上げるために攪拌状態で滴下するのが好ましい。水の滴下終了後は１０〜１２０分程度の熟成時間を設けると更に好ましい。
これらの処理は、１０〜６０℃で行うことができ、特に１０〜５０℃、更に１０〜４０℃で行うのが好ましい。
It is preferable that the required amount of water or organic solvent in the pretreatment is slowly dropped in a time of about 10 to 30 minutes. Moreover, in order to raise the extraction efficiency of catechins, it is preferable to add dropwise with stirring. It is more preferable to provide an aging time of about 10 to 120 minutes after the completion of the dropwise addition of water.
These treatments can be carried out at 10 to 60 ° C., preferably 10 to 50 ° C., more preferably 10 to 40 ° C.
前処理で用いる活性炭としては、一般に工業レベルで使用されているものであれば特に制限されず、例えば、ＺＮ−５０（北越炭素社製）、クラレコールＧＬＣ、クラレコールＰＫ−Ｄ、クラレコールＰＷ−Ｄ（クラレケミカル社製）、白鷲ＡＷ５０、白鷲Ａ、白鷲Ｍ、白鷲Ｃ（武田薬品工業社製）などの市販品を用いることができる。
活性炭の細孔容積は０．０１〜０．８mL／ｇが好ましく、特に０．１〜０．７mL／ｇが好ましい。また、比表面積は８００〜１３００m2／ｇ、特に９００〜１２００m2／ｇの範囲のものが好ましい。なお、これらの物性値は窒素吸着法に基づく値である。
The activated carbon used in the pretreatment is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used at an industrial level. For example, ZN-50 (made by Hokuetsu Carbon Co., Ltd.), Kuraray Coal GLC, Kuraray Coal PK-D, Kuraray Coal PW Commercially available products such as -D (manufactured by Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd.), white birch AW50, white birch A, white birch M, white birch C (manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited) can be used.
The pore volume of the activated carbon is preferably 0.01 to 0.8 mL / g, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.7 mL / g. The specific surface area is preferably 800 to 1300 m 2 / g, particularly preferably 900 to 1200 m 2 / g. These physical property values are values based on the nitrogen adsorption method.
活性炭は、有機溶媒と水の混合溶液１００質量部に対して０．５〜５質量部、特に０．５〜３質量部添加するのが好ましい。活性炭の添加量が少なすぎると、カフェイン除去効率が悪くなり、また多すぎるとろ過工程におけるケーク抵抗が大きくなり好ましくない。 The activated carbon is preferably added in an amount of 0.5 to 5 parts by mass, particularly 0.5 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water. If the amount of activated carbon added is too small, the caffeine removal efficiency will deteriorate, and if it is too large, the cake resistance in the filtration step will increase, which is not preferable.
前処理で用いる酸性白土又は活性白土は、ともに一般的な化学成分として、ＳｉＯ2、Ａｌ2Ｏ3、Ｆｅ2Ｏ3、ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ等を含有するものであるが、ＳｉＯ2／Ａｌ2Ｏ3比が３〜１２、特に４〜９であるのが好ましい。またＦｅ2Ｏ3を２〜５質量％、ＣａＯを０〜１．５質量％、ＭｇＯを１〜７質量％含有する組成のものが好ましい。
活性白土は天然に産出する酸性白土（モンモリロナイト系粘土）を硫酸などの鉱酸で処理したものであり、大きい比表面積と吸着能を有する多孔質構造をもった化合物である。酸性白土を更に、酸処理することにより比表面積が変化し、脱色能の改良及び物性が変化することが知られている。
Both the acid clay and the activated clay used in the pretreatment contain SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, etc. as general chemical components, but SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 The ratio is preferably 3-12, especially 4-9. The Fe 2 O 3 2 to 5 wt%, the CaO 0 to 1.5 wt%, preferably from compositions containing MgO 1 to 7% by weight.
Activated clay is a naturally occurring acidic clay (montmorillonite clay) treated with a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid, and is a compound having a porous structure having a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity. It is known that when acid clay is further acid-treated, the specific surface area is changed to improve the decolorization ability and change physical properties.
酸性白土又は活性白土の比表面積は、酸処理の程度等により異なるが、５０〜３５０m2／ｇであるのが好ましく、pH（５％サスペンジョン）は２．５〜８、特に３．６〜７のものが好ましい。例えば、酸性白土としては、ミズカエース＃６００（水澤化学社製）等の市販品を用いることができる。 The specific surface area of the acid clay or the activated clay varies depending on the degree of acid treatment, etc., but is preferably 50 to 350 m 2 / g, and the pH (5% suspension) is 2.5 to 8, particularly 3.6 to 7. Are preferred. For example, as the acid clay, a commercially available product such as Mizuka Ace # 600 (manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be used.
酸性白土又は活性白土は、有機溶媒と水の混合溶液１００質量部に対して２．５〜２５質量部、特に２．５〜１５質量部添加するのが好ましい。酸性白土又は活性白土の添加量が少なすぎると、カフェイン除去効率が悪くなり、また多すぎるとろ過工程におけるケーク抵抗が大きくなり好ましくない。 The acid clay or the activated clay is preferably added in an amount of 2.5 to 25 parts by mass, particularly 2.5 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water. If the amount of acid clay or activated clay added is too small, the caffeine removal efficiency will deteriorate, and if too much, the cake resistance in the filtration step will increase, which is not preferable.
また、活性炭と、酸性白土又は活性白土の割合は、質量比で活性炭１に対して１〜１０が良く、活性炭：酸性白土又は活性白土＝１：１〜１：６であるのが好ましい。 Moreover, the ratio of activated carbon and acidic clay or activated clay is preferably 1 to 10 with respect to the activated carbon 1 by mass ratio, and is preferably activated carbon: acid clay or activated clay = 1: 1 to 1: 6.
前処理における緑茶抽出物は、前記有機溶媒と水の混合溶液に分散した状態で、活性炭及び酸性白土又は活性白土に接触すればよく、これらの成分の添加順序は問わない。例えば（１）有機溶媒と水の混合溶液に緑茶抽出物を添加し、活性炭接触、次いで酸性白土又は活性白土接触する方法、（２）有機溶媒と水の混合溶液に緑茶抽出物を添加し、酸性白土又は活性白土接触、次いで活性炭接触する方法、（３）有機溶媒と水の混合溶液に酸性白土又は活性白土を添加し、これに緑茶抽出物を添加し、次いで活性炭を添加する方法、（４）有機溶媒と水との混合溶液に活性炭を添加し、これに緑茶抽出物を添加し、次いで酸性白土又は活性白土を添加する方法等が挙げられる。
これらの各成分添加と次の成分添加との間には濾過を行うのが好ましい。また緑茶抽出物は、２回以上に分割して添加もよく、その間に濾過を行ってもよい。
The green tea extract in the pretreatment may be in contact with activated carbon and acidic clay or activated clay in a state dispersed in the mixed solution of the organic solvent and water, and the order of addition of these components is not limited. For example, (1) A method of adding a green tea extract to a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, contacting with activated carbon, and then contacting an acidic clay or an active clay, (2) adding a green tea extract to a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, (3) A method in which an acid clay or an activated clay is added to a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, a green tea extract is added thereto, and then an activated carbon is added. 4) A method in which activated carbon is added to a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, a green tea extract is added thereto, and then acid clay or activated clay is added.
Filtration is preferably performed between the addition of each of these components and the addition of the next component. Further, the green tea extract may be added in two or more portions, and filtration may be performed during that time.
前処理における緑茶抽出物の分散液と活性炭及び酸性白土又は活性白土との接触処理は、バッチ式、カラムによる連続処理等のいずれの方法で行っても良い。一般には、粉末状の活性炭等を添加、攪拌し、カフェインを選択的に吸着後、ろ過操作によりカフェインを除去した濾液を得る方法、あるいは顆粒状の活性炭等を充填したカラムを用いて連続処理によりカフェインを選択的に吸着する方法が採用される。
活性炭及び酸性白土又は活性白土と接触させた後の緑茶抽出物の分散液は、系中から有機溶媒を取り除くべく減圧蒸留などの方法を用いて留去される。また塩類による処理前の緑茶抽出物は液状でも固体状でもいずれでも良いが、固体状態を調製する場合には凍結乾燥やスプレードライなどの方法によって粉末化しても良い。
The contact treatment of the green tea extract dispersion, the activated carbon, and the acid clay or activated clay in the pretreatment may be performed by any method such as a batch process or a continuous process using a column. In general, powdered activated carbon or the like is added and stirred, and after selectively adsorbing caffeine, it is continuously obtained using a method of obtaining a filtrate from which caffeine has been removed by filtration, or a column packed with granular activated carbon or the like. A method of selectively adsorbing caffeine by treatment is employed.
The dispersion liquid of the green tea extract after contacting with activated carbon and acidic clay or activated clay is distilled off by using a method such as vacuum distillation to remove the organic solvent from the system. The green tea extract before treatment with salts may be either liquid or solid, but when preparing a solid state, it may be pulverized by a method such as freeze drying or spray drying.
本発明においては、緑茶抽出物又は前記緑茶抽出物を水又は有機溶媒水溶液に溶解する。本発明で用いる有機溶媒としては、エタノール、メタノール、アセトン、酢酸エチル等が挙げられる。これらのうち、エタノール、メタノール、アセトンの親水性有機溶媒が好ましく、特に食品への使用を考慮すると、エタノールが好ましい。 In the present invention, the green tea extract or the green tea extract is dissolved in water or an organic solvent aqueous solution. Examples of the organic solvent used in the present invention include ethanol, methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. Of these, hydrophilic organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and acetone are preferable, and ethanol is particularly preferable in consideration of use in foods.
用いる有機溶媒水溶液の濃度は、エタノール４０重量％以下、更に３０重量％以下、特に２０重量％以下が好ましい。このうち、水を用いるのが特に好ましい。 The concentration of the organic solvent aqueous solution used is preferably 40% by weight or less of ethanol, more preferably 30% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 20% by weight or less. Of these, it is particularly preferable to use water.
本発明においては、水又は有機溶媒水溶液１００質量部に対して、緑茶抽出物１０〜４０質量部、特に１０〜３０質量部添加して処理するのが、濁り抑制効果の点で好ましい。 In the present invention, it is preferable to add 10 to 40 parts by mass, particularly 10 to 30 parts by mass of the green tea extract with respect to 100 parts by mass of water or an organic solvent aqueous solution in terms of the turbidity suppressing effect.
本発明においては、次いで有機酸及びその塩を緑茶抽出物の固形分１００質量部に対して１〜５０質量部添加する。ここで用いられる有機酸及びその塩としては、ヒドロキシカルボン酸アルカリ金属塩が好ましい。ヒドロキシカルボン酸アルカリ金属塩としては、グルコン酸、クエン酸等のアルカリ金属塩が挙げられ、このうちグルコン酸アルカリ金属塩が特に好ましい。アルカリ金属塩としてはナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等が挙げられる。 In this invention, 1-50 mass parts of organic acids and its salt are then added with respect to 100 mass parts of solid content of a green tea extract. As an organic acid and its salt used here, alkali metal salt of hydroxycarboxylic acid is preferable. Examples of the alkali metal salt of hydroxycarboxylic acid include alkali metal salts such as gluconic acid and citric acid, and among them, alkali metal gluconate is particularly preferable. Examples of the alkali metal salt include sodium salt and potassium salt.
有機酸及びその塩の添加量は、緑茶抽出物から濁り原因成分を除去する効果の点から、緑茶抽出物の固形分１００質量部に対し１〜５０質量部であり、更に３〜４０質量部、特に５〜３０質量部が好ましい。有機酸及びその塩は、固体のまま添加してもよいが、水又は有機溶媒の溶液として添加してもよい。実際の操作を考慮した場合、緑茶抽出物に固体あるいは粉体を直接投入するよりも、あらかじめ有機酸及びその塩を溶液として調整した後、この溶液を添加するほうが濃度調整が容易になるという点で好ましい。ここで用いる有機溶媒は前記と同じものが好ましい。すなわち、エタノール、メタノール、アセトン、酢酸エチル等が挙げられるが、これらのうちエタノール、メタノール、アセトンの親水性有機溶媒が好ましく、特に食品への使用を考慮するとエタノールが好ましい。添加温度は０〜３０℃、特に５〜１５℃が好ましい。上記操作を具体的に示せば、例えば、ジャケット付きの攪拌槽に水又は有機溶媒を仕込み、次に緑茶抽出物の固体あるいは濃縮液を添加する。攪拌槽のジャケットには冷水あるいは不凍液からなるブライン等を供給し、希望の温度となるよう調整する。更に、有機酸及びその塩を固形物のまま添加して溶解させるか、あらかじめ少量の水又は有機溶媒で溶解させて溶液の状態で添加する。この時、攪拌槽への投入順序は変えてもよい。
不溶物を効率良く析出させ、かつ、カテキン類の安定性の観点から、ｐＨ２．０〜７．０、好ましくは、３．０〜６．０、更に好ましくは、３．５〜７．０で行うのがよい。
The addition amount of the organic acid and its salt is 1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the green tea extract, and further 3 to 40 parts by mass from the viewpoint of the effect of removing the turbidity-causing component from the green tea extract. In particular, 5 to 30 parts by mass is preferable. The organic acid and its salt may be added as a solid, but may be added as a solution of water or an organic solvent. Considering the actual operation, it is easier to adjust the concentration by adding an organic acid and its salt as a solution before adding the solid or powder directly to the green tea extract in advance. Is preferable. The organic solvent used here is preferably the same as described above. That is, ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and the like can be mentioned. Of these, hydrophilic organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol and acetone are preferable, and ethanol is particularly preferable in consideration of use in foods. The addition temperature is preferably 0 to 30 ° C, particularly 5 to 15 ° C. Specifically, for example, water or an organic solvent is charged in a jacketed stirring tank, and then a solid or concentrated liquid of green tea extract is added. The jacket of the agitation tank is supplied with cold water or brine made of antifreeze and adjusted so that the desired temperature is obtained. Furthermore, the organic acid and its salt are added and dissolved as a solid substance, or dissolved in advance in a small amount of water or an organic solvent and added in the form of a solution. At this time, the order of charging into the stirring tank may be changed.
From the viewpoint of efficiently depositing insolubles and the stability of catechins, the pH is 2.0 to 7.0, preferably 3.0 to 6.0, and more preferably 3.5 to 7.0. Good to do.
有機酸及びその塩を添加すると不溶物が凝集するので、当該不溶物を除去する。不溶物の除去手段としては濾過、遠心分離、膜分離等が挙げられる。濾過手段としては、特に制限されないが、吸引濾過、加圧濾過、遠心濾過のいずれでも実施可能であり、収率の観点から特に遠心濾過が好ましい。また、濾過の際には濾過速度を向上させるため、濾過助剤をプレコート法あるいはボディフィード法で使用することが好ましい。プレコート法にて濾過する場合は、あらかじめ少量の水又は有機溶媒中に濾過助剤を添加・分散させ、このスラリーを濾過することでプレコート層を形成させる。次に塩を添加することで不溶物が凝集した状態の緑茶抽出物の溶液を、プレコート層を付加した濾過装置で濾過する。ボディフィード法にて濾過する場合は、塩を添加することで不溶物が凝集した状態の緑茶抽出物の水又は溶媒溶液に濾過助剤を添加・分散させ、このスラリーを濾過装置で濾過する。また、プレコートとボディフィードの両方を併用してもかまわない。遠心濾過を実施する場合、プレコート及びボディフィードに使用する濾過助剤は特に限定されないが、例えば珪藻土系濾過助剤，パーライト系濾過助剤，セルロース系濾過助剤またアスベスト系濾過助剤、なかでも珪藻土系あるいはセルロース系濾過助剤が濾過速度と濾液清澄度の点から好ましい。また、遠心濾過機の形式は、例えば回分式，連続式また縦型円筒式，横型円筒式のいずれでもよく、処理効率の点からは連続式ものが好ましい。遠心分離をする場合、使用する分離機の形式は特に限定されないが、分離板型，円筒型，デカンター型のいずれでも実施可能であり、分離効率の観点から特に分離板型遠心分離機が好ましい。分離板型遠心分離機を使用する場合は、固形物を連続排出できるタイプまた間欠排出できるタイプのどちらでも使用可能であるが、収率の点から間欠排出できるタイプが好ましい。更に、運転条件については不溶物の性状にもよるが、１０００〜１５０００Ｇの遠心力で操作することが好ましい。また、確実に不溶物の除去をする為に、低温〜常温条件で実施することが好ましく、好ましくは０〜３０℃、更に好ましくは５〜１５℃で行えば効果的である。 When an organic acid and a salt thereof are added, insoluble matter aggregates, so that the insoluble matter is removed. Examples of the insoluble matter removing means include filtration, centrifugation, and membrane separation. The filtering means is not particularly limited, and any of suction filtration, pressure filtration, and centrifugal filtration can be carried out, and centrifugal filtration is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of yield. Moreover, in order to improve the filtration rate at the time of filtration, it is preferable to use a filter aid by the precoat method or the body feed method. When filtering by the precoat method, a filter aid is added and dispersed in a small amount of water or an organic solvent in advance, and the slurry is filtered to form a precoat layer. Next, the solution of the green tea extract in a state where insolubles are aggregated by adding salt is filtered through a filtration device to which a precoat layer is added. When filtering by the body feed method, a filter aid is added and dispersed in the water or solvent solution of the green tea extract in a state where insolubles are aggregated by adding salt, and the slurry is filtered by a filtration device. In addition, both precoat and body feed may be used in combination. When carrying out centrifugal filtration, the filter aid used for the precoat and body feed is not particularly limited. For example, diatomaceous earth filter aid, pearlite filter aid, cellulosic filter aid or asbestos filter aid, Diatomaceous earth or cellulose filter aids are preferred from the standpoint of filtration speed and filtrate clarity. The type of the centrifugal filter may be, for example, a batch type, a continuous type, a vertical cylindrical type, or a horizontal cylindrical type, and a continuous type is preferable from the viewpoint of processing efficiency. In the case of centrifugation, the type of separator to be used is not particularly limited, but any of a separation plate type, a cylindrical type, and a decanter type can be used, and a separation plate type centrifuge is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of separation efficiency. When using a separator-type centrifuge, either a type capable of continuously discharging solid matter or a type capable of intermittent discharge can be used, but a type capable of intermittent discharge is preferred from the viewpoint of yield. Furthermore, although operating conditions depend on the properties of the insoluble matter, it is preferable to operate with a centrifugal force of 1000 to 15000 G. Moreover, in order to remove an insoluble matter reliably, it is preferable to implement on low temperature-normal temperature conditions, Preferably it is 0-30 degreeC, More preferably, it is effective if it carries out at 5-15 degreeC.
不溶物を除去した精製緑茶抽出物は、必要により系中から有機溶媒を取り除くべく減圧蒸留などの方法を用いて留去される。また処理後の緑茶抽出物は液状でも固体状でもいずれでも良いが、固体状態を調製する場合には凍結乾燥やスプレードライなどの方法によって粉末化しても良い。濃縮する場合の条件は、例えば溶媒がエタノールの場合は、精製物の熱履歴による品質劣化を防ぐという観点から、真空度１〜１００ｋＰａ，温度３０〜１００℃が好ましい。また、例えばスプレードライを行う場合は、溶媒と水が留去できる条件であれば特に限定されないが、例えば溶媒がエタノールの場合は、温度１００〜２００℃が好ましい。 The purified green tea extract from which insolubles have been removed is distilled off using a method such as vacuum distillation to remove the organic solvent from the system as necessary. The green tea extract after treatment may be either liquid or solid, but when preparing a solid state, it may be pulverized by a method such as freeze drying or spray drying. The conditions for the concentration are preferably, when the solvent is ethanol, for example, a degree of vacuum of 1 to 100 kPa and a temperature of 30 to 100 ° C. from the viewpoint of preventing quality deterioration due to the thermal history of the purified product. Moreover, when performing spray drying, for example, it is not particularly limited as long as the solvent and water can be distilled off. However, for example, when the solvent is ethanol, a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. is preferable.
本発明により得られる精製緑茶抽出物は、含有する非重合体カテキン類の組成が塩類による処理前と本質的に変化していないのが好ましい。塩類による処理前後の有機溶媒と水の混合溶液中の非重合体カテキン類の収率は７０質量％以上が好ましく、特に８０質量％以上が好ましい。 In the purified green tea extract obtained by the present invention, it is preferred that the composition of the non-polymer catechins contained is essentially unchanged from that before the treatment with salts. The yield of non-polymer catechins in the mixed solution of the organic solvent and water before and after the treatment with salts is preferably 70% by mass or more, particularly preferably 80% by mass or more.
本発明によって得られる精製緑茶抽出物は、非重合体カテキン類を２５〜９０質量％、更に３０〜９０質量％、更に３５〜９０質量％、更にまた４０〜７０質量％含有するのが好ましい。また、精製緑茶抽出物の固形分中で、非重合体カテキン類を４０〜９０質量％、更に５０〜９０質量％、更にまた６０〜９０質量％含有するのが好ましい。 The purified green tea extract obtained by the present invention preferably contains 25 to 90% by mass, further 30 to 90% by mass, further 35 to 90% by mass, and further 40 to 70% by mass of non-polymer catechins. Moreover, it is preferable to contain 40-90 mass% of non-polymer catechins in the solid content of refined green tea extract, 50-90 mass%, and also 60-90 mass%.
緑茶抽出物を用いて、本発明による処理によって得られる精製緑茶抽出物中のカフェイ
ン濃度は、非重合体カテキン類に対して、非重合体カテキン類／カフェイン（質量比）＝２５〜２００、更に３０〜１５０、特に３０〜１００であるのが好ましい。
The concentration of caffeine in the purified green tea extract obtained by the treatment according to the present invention using the green tea extract is non-polymer catechins / caffeine (mass ratio) = 25 to 200 with respect to the non-polymer catechins. Further, 30 to 150, particularly 30 to 100 is preferable.
また、本発明により得られる精製緑茶抽出物中のカテキンガレート、エピカテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレート及びエピガロカテキンガレートからなるガレート体の全非重合体カテキン類中での割合は、１０〜７０質量％、特に３０〜６０質量％であるのが、非重合体カテキン類の生理効果の有効性及び苦味低減の点で好ましい。 In the purified green tea extract obtained by the present invention, the proportion of gallate bodies composed of catechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate in all non-polymer catechins is 10 to 70% by mass. In particular, 30 to 60% by mass is preferable from the viewpoint of the effectiveness of physiological effects of non-polymer catechins and the reduction of bitterness.
得られた精製緑茶抽出物は、原料緑茶抽出物中の非重合体カテキン類以外の夾雑物質（アミノ酸、有機酸、糖類）が除去され、高い非重合体カテキン類濃度を維持しており、かつ色相がよく、更に緑茶の風味がほとんどない。従って、精製緑茶抽出物を配合した容器詰飲料は、特にスポーツ飲料、アイソトニック飲料等の非茶系飲料として有用である。 The obtained purified green tea extract is free from contaminants (amino acids, organic acids, saccharides) other than non-polymer catechins in the raw green tea extract, and maintains a high concentration of non-polymer catechins, and Hue is good and there is almost no flavor of green tea. Therefore, the container-packed drinks containing the purified green tea extract are particularly useful as non-tea drinks such as sports drinks and isotonic drinks.
本発明の容器詰飲料中には、水に溶解状態にある（Ａ）非重合体カテキン類を、好ましくは０．０３〜１．０質量％含有し、より好ましくは０．０４〜０．５質量％、更に好ましくは０．０６〜０．４質量％、更に好ましくは０．０７〜０．４質量％、特に好ましくは０．０８〜０．３質量％、殊更好ましくは０．０９〜０．３質量％、もっとも好ましくは０．１〜０．３質量％含有する。非重合体カテキン類含量がこの範囲にあると、多量の非重合カテキン類を容易に取り易く、飲料調製直後の色調の点からも好ましい。当該非重合体カテキン類の濃度は、緑茶抽出物の配合量によって調整することができる。
また、蓄積体脂肪燃焼促進、食事性脂肪燃焼促進及び肝臓β酸化遺伝子発現促進の効果を出すための成人一日当りの摂取量としては、非重合体カテキン類として３００mg以上、好ましくは４５０mg以上、更に好ましくは５００mg以上がよい。
したがって本発明の容器詰飲料においても成人一日当りの摂取量を確保する意味からも、本発明の容器詰飲料１本当り３００mg以上、好ましくは４５０mg以上、更に好ましくは５００mg以上の配合量があるものが良い。
In the packaged beverage of the present invention, (A) non-polymer catechins dissolved in water are preferably contained in an amount of 0.03 to 1.0% by mass, more preferably 0.04 to 0.5. % By weight, more preferably 0.06 to 0.4% by weight, still more preferably 0.07 to 0.4% by weight, particularly preferably 0.08 to 0.3% by weight, and even more preferably 0.09 to 0%. .3% by mass, most preferably 0.1 to 0.3% by mass. When the content of non-polymer catechins is within this range, a large amount of non-polymer catechins can be easily taken, which is preferable from the viewpoint of the color tone immediately after preparation of the beverage. The density | concentration of the said non-polymer catechin can be adjusted with the compounding quantity of a green tea extract.
Further, the daily intake amount for adults for promoting accumulation fat burning promotion, dietary fat burning promotion and liver β-oxidation gene expression promotion is 300 mg or more, preferably 450 mg or more as non-polymer catechins, Preferably it is 500 mg or more.
Therefore, in the case of the packaged beverage of the present invention, the amount per day of the packaged beverage of the present invention is 300 mg or more, preferably 450 mg or more, more preferably 500 mg or more, from the viewpoint of securing the daily intake for adults. Is good.
本発明の容器詰飲料における非重合体カテキン類とカフェインとの含有質量比は２５〜２００、更に３０〜１５０、特に３０〜１００が好ましい。また、ガロ体比率及びガレート体比率は、前記精製緑茶抽出物の範囲と同様が好ましい。 The content mass ratio of non-polymer catechins and caffeine in the packaged beverage of the present invention is preferably 25 to 200, more preferably 30 to 150, and particularly preferably 30 to 100. Moreover, the gallo body ratio and the gallate body ratio are preferably the same as the range of the purified green tea extract.
本発明の容器詰飲料は、苦渋味抑制剤を配合すると飲用しやすくなり好ましい。用いる苦渋味抑制剤は特に限定はないが、サイクロデキストリンが好ましい。サイクロデキストリンとしては、α−、β−、γ−サイクロデキストリン及び分岐α−、β−、γ−サイクロデキストリンが使用できる。サイクロデキストリンは飲料中に０．００５〜０．５質量％、好ましくは０．０１〜０．３質量％含有するのがよい。本発明の容器詰飲料には、酸化防止剤、香料、各種エステル類、有機酸類、有機酸塩類、無機酸類、無機酸塩類、無機塩類、色素類、乳化剤、保存料、調味料、甘味料、酸味料、ガム、乳化剤、油、ビタミン、アミノ酸、果汁エキス類、野菜エキス類、花蜜エキス類、pH調整剤、品質安定剤などの添加剤を単独、あるいは併用して配合できる。 The container-packed beverage of the present invention is preferably mixed with a bitter and astringent taste suppressant because it is easy to drink. The bitter and astringent taste inhibitor to be used is not particularly limited, but cyclodextrin is preferred. As the cyclodextrin, α-, β-, γ-cyclodextrin and branched α-, β-, γ-cyclodextrin can be used. The cyclodextrin is contained in the beverage in an amount of 0.005 to 0.5% by mass, preferably 0.01 to 0.3% by mass. The packaged beverage of the present invention includes antioxidants, fragrances, various esters, organic acids, organic acid salts, inorganic acids, inorganic acid salts, inorganic salts, pigments, emulsifiers, preservatives, seasonings, sweeteners, Additives such as acidulants, gums, emulsifiers, oils, vitamins, amino acids, fruit juice extracts, vegetable extracts, nectar extracts, pH adjusters and quality stabilizers can be used alone or in combination.
本発明の容器詰飲料に使用される容器は、一般の飲料と同様にポリエチレンテレフタレートを主成分とする成形容器（いわゆるＰＥＴボトル）、金属缶、金属箔やプラスチックフィルムと複合された紙容器、瓶などの通常の形態で提供することができる。ここでいう容器詰飲料とは希釈せずに飲用できるものをいう。 The container used for the container-packed beverage of the present invention is a molded container (so-called PET bottle) mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate, a metal can, a paper container combined with a metal foil or a plastic film, and a bottle as in the case of general beverages. Etc. can be provided in the usual form. The term “packaged beverage” as used herein means a beverage that can be drunk without dilution.
本発明の容器詰飲料は、例えば、金属缶のように容器に充填後、加熱殺菌できる場合にあっては食品衛生法に定められた殺菌条件で製造されるが、ＰＥＴボトル、紙容器のようにレトルト殺菌できないものについては、あらかじめ上記と同等の殺菌条件、例えばプレート式熱交換器などで高温短時間殺菌後、一定の温度迄冷却して容器に充填する等の方法が採用される。また無菌下で、充填された容器に別の成分を配合して充填してもよい。更に、酸性下で加熱殺菌後、無菌下でpHを中性に戻すことや、中性下で加熱殺菌後、無菌下でpHを酸性に戻すなどの操作も可能である。 The container-packed beverage of the present invention is manufactured under the sterilization conditions stipulated in the Food Sanitation Law when it can be sterilized by heating after filling into a container like a metal can, for example, a PET bottle, a paper container, etc. For those that cannot be retort sterilized, a sterilization condition equivalent to the above, for example, a high temperature and short time sterilization using a plate heat exchanger or the like, followed by cooling to a certain temperature and filling the container is adopted. Moreover, you may mix | blend another component with the filled container under aseptic conditions. Furthermore, after sterilization by heating under acidic conditions, the pH may be returned to neutrality under aseptic conditions, or after sterilization by heating under neutral conditions, the pH may be returned to acidic conditions under aseptic conditions.
カテキン類の測定
精製緑茶抽出物を蒸留水で希釈し、フィルター（０．８μm）でろ過後、島津製作所社
製、高速液体クロマトグラフ（型式ＳＣＬ−１０ＡＶＰ）を用い、オクタデシル基導入液体クロマトグラフ用パックドカラム Ｌ−カラムＴＭ ＯＤＳ（４．６mmφ×２５０mm：財団法人 化学物質評価研究機構製）を装着し、カラム温度３５℃で、Ａ液及びＢ液を用いたグラジエント法により行った。移動相Ａ液は酢酸を０．１mol／Ｌ含有の蒸留水溶液、Ｂ液は酢酸を０．１mol／Ｌ含有のアセトニトリル溶液とし、試料注入量は２０μＬ、ＵＶ検出器波長は２８０nmの条件で行った。
Measurement of catechins The purified green tea extract was diluted with distilled water, filtered through a filter (0.8 μm), and then used for high performance liquid chromatograph (SCL-10AVP) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation for octadecyl group-introduced liquid chromatograph. Packed column L-column TM ODS (4.6 mmφ × 250 mm: manufactured by Chemical Substances Evaluation and Research Institute) was attached, and the column temperature was 35 ° C. and the gradient method using liquid A and liquid B was performed. The mobile phase A solution was a distilled aqueous solution containing 0.1 mol / L of acetic acid, the B solution was an acetonitrile solution containing 0.1 mol / L of acetic acid, the sample injection amount was 20 μL, and the UV detector wavelength was 280 nm. .
カフェインの測定
（分析機器）
ＨＰＬＣ（日立製作所社製）装置を使用。
プロッター：Ｄ−２５００，ディティクター：Ｌ−４２００
ポンプ：Ｌ−７１００，オートサンプラー：Ｌ−７２００
カラム：lnertsil ODS-2、内径２．１mm×長さ２５０mm
（分析条件）
サンプル注入量：１０μL，流量：１．０mL／min
紫外線吸光光度計検出波長：２８０nm
溶離液Ａ：０．１Ｍ酢酸水溶液，溶離液Ｂ：０．１Ｍ酢酸アセトニトリル溶液
濃度勾配条件（体積％）
時間 溶離液Ａ 溶離液Ｂ
０分 ９７％ ３％
５分 ９７％ ３％
３７分 ８０％ ２０％
４３分 ８０％ ２０％
４３．５分 ０％ １００％
４８．５分 ０％ １００％
４９分 ９７％ ３％
６２分 ９７％ ３％
（カフェインのリテンションタイム）
カフェイン：２７．２分
ここで求めたエリア％から標準物質により質量％を求めた。
Measurement of caffeine (analytical instrument)
Uses HPLC (Hitachi, Ltd.) equipment.
Plotter: D-2500, Detector: L-4200
Pump: L-7100, Autosampler: L-7200
Column: lnertsil ODS-2, inner diameter 2.1 mm x length 250 mm
(Analysis conditions)
Sample injection volume: 10 μL, flow rate: 1.0 mL / min
UV absorption photometer detection wavelength: 280nm
Eluent A: 0.1M acetic acid aqueous solution, eluent B: 0.1M acetic acid acetonitrile solution concentration gradient condition (volume%)
Time Eluent A Eluent B
0 minutes 97% 3%
5 minutes 97% 3%
37 minutes 80% 20%
43 minutes 80% 20%
43.5 minutes 0% 100%
48.5 minutes 0% 100%
49 minutes 97% 3%
62 minutes 97% 3%
(Caffeine retention time)
Caffeine: 27.2 minutes From the area% obtained here, the mass% was obtained using a standard substance.
濁度測定
濁度を２１００Ｐ型（ハック社製）にて測定し、ここで得られた値[単位：ＮＴＵ]を以って、分離清澄性の指標とした。
色相評価
（分析機器）
ＵＶ ＭＩＮＩ１２４０（島津製作所社製）装置を使用。
分光光度計で４５０nmの吸光度における値を測定した。測定においては、精製緑茶抽出物をカテキン濃度１００mg％になるようにイオン交換水で希釈し、そのサンプルを用いて吸光度を測定し、色相の指標とした。
安定性の目視評価
精製緑茶抽出物をカテキン濃度１００mg％になるようにイオン交換水で希釈し、５０mLバイアル瓶に入っている評価サンプルをイルミネーター上で内容物の状態を観察し、目視判定した。
Turbidity measurement Turbidity was measured with a 2100P type (manufactured by Hack), and the value [unit: NTU] obtained here was used as an index of separation clarity.
Hue evaluation (analytical instrument)
A UV MINI 1240 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) apparatus is used.
The value at an absorbance of 450 nm was measured with a spectrophotometer. In the measurement, the purified green tea extract was diluted with ion-exchanged water so that the catechin concentration was 100 mg%, and the absorbance was measured using the sample to obtain a hue index.
Visual evaluation of stability The purified green tea extract was diluted with ion-exchanged water to a catechin concentration of 100 mg%, and the evaluation sample contained in a 50 mL vial was observed on the illuminator and visually judged. .
表１に示すように緑茶抽出物を水又は有機溶媒水溶液に溶解しつつ、これに有機酸及びその塩を一定量添加し、不溶物を除去することにより、容器詰飲料を調製した際に色相や濁りの生じない精製緑茶抽出物を製造できる。 As shown in Table 1, while dissolving a green tea extract in water or an organic solvent aqueous solution, a certain amount of an organic acid and a salt thereof are added thereto, and insoluble matter is removed to prepare a containerized beverage. A purified green tea extract with no turbidity can be produced.
（実施例１）
＊１：精製緑茶抽出物Ａ
緑茶抽出物 （ポリフェノンＨＧ、東京フードテクノ社製）２００ｇを常温、２５０rpm攪拌条件下の９５％エタノール水溶液８００ｇ中に分散させ、酸性白土ミズカエース＃６００（水澤化学社製）１００ｇを投入後、約１０分間攪拌を続けた。その後、２号濾紙で濾過した。その後、活性炭２０ｇを添加し再び２号濾紙で濾過した。次に０．２μｍメンブランフィルターによって再濾過を行った。最後にイオン交換水２００ｇを濾過液に添加して、４０℃、０．０２７２kg／cm2でエタノールを留去し、イオン交換水でカテキン類濃度を調整してカフェイン低減緑茶抽出物を得た。
塩類による処理前の非重合体カテキン類は２２質量％含有
塩類による処理前の非重合体カテキン類／カフェイン質量比＝３３．０
塩類による処理前のガレート体率５１質量％
この操作によって得たカフェイン低減緑茶抽出物１００ｇにグルコン酸カリウム４ｇを添加し、不溶分と接触させ、５℃まで冷却した。冷却後、遠心分離で不溶物の除去を行い所望の製品を得た。
(Example 1)
* 1: Purified green tea extract A
200 g of green tea extract (Polyphenon HG, manufactured by Tokyo Food Techno Co., Ltd.) was dispersed in 800 g of 95% ethanol aqueous solution at room temperature and 250 rpm stirring condition, and after adding 100 g of acid clay Mizuka Ace # 600 (manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd.), about 10 Stirring was continued for a minute. Then, it filtered with No. 2 filter paper. Thereafter, 20 g of activated carbon was added and filtered again with No. 2 filter paper. Next, re-filtration was performed with a 0.2 μm membrane filter. Finally, 200 g of ion-exchanged water was added to the filtrate, ethanol was distilled off at 40 ° C. and 0.0272 kg / cm 2 , and the concentration of catechins was adjusted with ion-exchanged water to obtain a caffeine-reduced green tea extract. .
22% by mass of non-polymer catechins before treatment with salts Non-polymer catechins / caffeine mass ratio before treatment with salts = 33.0
51% by mass of gallate body before treatment with salts
To 100 g of the caffeine-reduced green tea extract obtained by this operation, 4 g of potassium gluconate was added, brought into contact with the insoluble matter, and cooled to 5 ° C. After cooling, the insoluble matter was removed by centrifugation to obtain the desired product.
（実施例２）
＊２：精製緑茶抽出物Ｂ
緑茶抽出物 （ポリフェノンＨＧ、東京フードテクノ社製）２００ｇを常温、２５０rpm攪拌条件下の９５％エタノール水溶液８００ｇ中に分散させ、酸性白土ミズカエース＃６００（水澤化学社製）１００ｇを投入後、約１０分間攪拌を続けた。その後、２号濾紙で濾過した。その後、活性炭２０ｇを添加し再び２号濾紙で濾過した。次に０．２μｍメンブランフィルターによって再濾過を行った。最後にイオン交換水２００ｇを濾過液に添加して、４０℃、０．０２７２kg／cm2でエタノールを留去し、イオン交換水でカテキン類濃度を調整してカフェイン低減緑茶抽出物を得た。
塩類による処理前の非重合体カテキン類は２２質量％含有
塩類による処理前の非重合体カテキン類／カフェイン質量比＝３３．０
塩類による処理前のガレート体率５１質量％
この操作によって得たカフェイン低減緑茶抽出物１００ｇにクエン酸３ナトリウム１５．６ｇを添加し、不溶分と接触させ、１０℃まで冷却した。冷却後、遠心分離で不溶物の除去を行い所望の製品を得た。
(Example 2)
* 2: Purified green tea extract B
200 g of green tea extract (Polyphenon HG, manufactured by Tokyo Food Techno Co., Ltd.) was dispersed in 800 g of 95% ethanol aqueous solution at room temperature and 250 rpm stirring condition, and after adding 100 g of acid clay Mizuka Ace # 600 (manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd.), about 10 Stirring was continued for a minute. Then, it filtered with No. 2 filter paper. Thereafter, 20 g of activated carbon was added and filtered again with No. 2 filter paper. Next, re-filtration was performed with a 0.2 μm membrane filter. Finally, 200 g of ion-exchanged water was added to the filtrate, ethanol was distilled off at 40 ° C. and 0.0272 kg / cm 2 , and the concentration of catechins was adjusted with ion-exchanged water to obtain a caffeine-reduced green tea extract. .
22% by mass of non-polymer catechins before treatment with salts Non-polymer catechins / caffeine mass ratio before treatment with salts = 33.0
51% by mass of gallate body before treatment with salts
15.6 g of trisodium citrate was added to 100 g of caffeine-reduced green tea extract obtained by this operation, brought into contact with insoluble matter, and cooled to 10 ° C. After cooling, the insoluble matter was removed by centrifugation to obtain the desired product.
（比較例１）
精製緑茶抽出物Ｃ
緑茶抽出物 （ポリフェノンＨＧ、東京フードテクノ社製）２００ｇを常温、２５０rpm攪拌条件下の９５％エタノール水溶液８００ｇ中に分散させ、酸性白土ミズカエース＃６００（水澤化学社製）１００ｇを投入後、約１０分間攪拌を続けた。その後、２号濾紙で濾過した。その後、活性炭２０ｇを添加し再び２号濾紙で濾過した。次に０．２μｍメンブランフィルターによって再濾過を行った。最後にイオン交換水２００ｇを濾過液に添加して、４０℃、０．０２７２kg／cm2でエタノールを留去し、イオン交換水でカテキン類濃度を調整してカフェイン低減緑茶抽出物を得た。
塩類による処理前の非重合体カテキン類は２２質量％含有
塩類による処理前の非重合体カテキン類／カフェイン質量比＝３３．０
塩類による処理前のガレート体率５１質量％
この操作によって得たカフェイン低減緑茶抽出物１００ｇに塩化マグネシウム０．１５ｇを添加し、不溶分と接触させ、５℃まで冷却した。冷却後、遠心分離で固液分離の操作を行い製品を得た。
(Comparative Example 1)
Purified green tea extract C
200 g of green tea extract (Polyphenon HG, manufactured by Tokyo Food Techno Co., Ltd.) was dispersed in 800 g of 95% ethanol aqueous solution at room temperature and 250 rpm stirring condition, and after adding 100 g of acid clay Mizuka Ace # 600 (manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd.), about 10 Stirring was continued for a minute. Then, it filtered with No. 2 filter paper. Thereafter, 20 g of activated carbon was added and filtered again with No. 2 filter paper. Next, re-filtration was performed with a 0.2 μm membrane filter. Finally, 200 g of ion-exchanged water was added to the filtrate, ethanol was distilled off at 40 ° C. and 0.0272 kg / cm 2 , and the concentration of catechins was adjusted with ion-exchanged water to obtain a caffeine-reduced green tea extract. .
22% by mass of non-polymer catechins before treatment with salts Non-polymer catechins / caffeine mass ratio before treatment with salts = 33.0
51% by mass of gallate body before treatment with salts
To 100 g of the caffeine-reduced green tea extract obtained by this operation, 0.15 g of magnesium chloride was added, brought into contact with the insoluble matter, and cooled to 5 ° C. After cooling, a solid-liquid separation operation was performed by centrifugation to obtain a product.
（比較例２）
精製緑茶抽出物Ｄ
緑茶抽出物 （ポリフェノンＨＧ、東京フードテクノ社製）２００ｇを常温、２５０rpm攪拌条件下の９５％エタノール水溶液８００ｇ中に分散させ、酸性白土ミズカエース＃６００（水澤化学社製）１００ｇを投入後、約１０分間攪拌を続けた。その後、２号濾紙で濾過した。その後、活性炭２０ｇを添加し再び２号濾紙で濾過した。次に０．２μｍメンブランフィルターによって再濾過を行った。最後にイオン交換水２００ｇを濾過液に添加して、４０℃、０．０２７２kg／cm2でエタノールを留去し、イオン交換水でカテキン類濃度を調整してカフェイン低減緑茶抽出物を得た。
塩類による処理前の非重合体カテキン類は２２質量％含有
塩類による処理前の非重合体カテキン類／カフェイン質量比＝３３．０
塩類による処理前のガレート体率５１質量％
この操作によって得たカフェイン低減緑茶抽出物１００ｇにクエン酸１０ｇを添加し、不溶分と接触させ、２５℃で混合した。混合後、遠心分離で固液分離の操作を行い製品を得た。
(Comparative Example 2)
Purified green tea extract D
200 g of green tea extract (Polyphenon HG, manufactured by Tokyo Food Techno Co., Ltd.) was dispersed in 800 g of 95% ethanol aqueous solution at room temperature and 250 rpm stirring condition, and after adding 100 g of acid clay Mizuka Ace # 600 (manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd.), about 10 Stirring was continued for a minute. Then, it filtered with No. 2 filter paper. Thereafter, 20 g of activated carbon was added and filtered again with No. 2 filter paper. Next, re-filtration was performed with a 0.2 μm membrane filter. Finally, 200 g of ion-exchanged water was added to the filtrate, ethanol was distilled off at 40 ° C. and 0.0272 kg / cm 2 , and the concentration of catechins was adjusted with ion-exchanged water to obtain a caffeine-reduced green tea extract. .
22% by mass of non-polymer catechins before treatment with salts Non-polymer catechins / caffeine mass ratio before treatment with salts = 33.0
51% by mass of gallate body before treatment with salts
To 100 g of the caffeine-reduced green tea extract obtained by this operation, 10 g of citric acid was added, brought into contact with the insoluble matter, and mixed at 25 ° C. After mixing, solid-liquid separation was performed by centrifugation to obtain a product.
＜実施例１〜２及び比較例１〜２の容器詰飲料の製造法＞
表１に示した精製緑茶抽出物を配合し、イオン交換水でメスアップし調合液を調製した。食品衛生法に基づく殺菌工程、ならびにホットパック充填を行い、容器詰飲料とした。
<The manufacturing method of the container-packed drink of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2>
The purified green tea extract shown in Table 1 was blended and made up with ion-exchanged water to prepare a blended solution. A sterilization process based on the Food Sanitation Law and hot-pack filling were performed to obtain a packaged beverage.
加熱保存試験（５５℃、２週間）後に、目視判定した。 After the heat storage test (55 ° C., 2 weeks), visual judgment was made.
表２の結果から明らかなように、本発明により緑茶抽出物を処理することにより、カフェインを選択的に除去した本発明品を使用することにより、おりの発生がない容器詰飲料を得ることができる。 As is apparent from the results in Table 2, by using the present invention product from which caffeine has been selectively removed by treating the green tea extract according to the present invention, a container-packed beverage free from the occurrence of cages is obtained. Can do.
（実施例３）
（１）緑茶葉６０００ｇに８４℃の熱水９０kgを添加し、６０分間抽出したのち、２号濾紙による濾過を行い、「緑茶抽出液」６６kg（pH５．４）を得た。（緑茶抽出液の非重合体カテキン類濃度＝ ０．９質量％、緑茶抽出液のガレート体率＝５２．２質量％）
この緑茶抽出液を温度２５℃に設定し、タンナーゼ（キッコーマン社製タンナーゼKTFH）を緑茶抽出液に対して２００ppmとなる濃度で添加し、１３０分間保持し、ガレート体率４０．２質量％になったところで、９０℃に溶液を加熱して、酵素を失活させ、反応を止めた（pH４．９）。この反応液を逆浸透膜（日東電工製NTR−759HR）を用いてＢｒｉｘ濃度２５まで濃縮処理を行い、液体の「タンナーゼ処理した緑茶抽出物の濃縮物」８kgを得た。得られた緑茶抽出物は非重合体カテキン類含有量６．９質量％、ガレート体率４０．１質量％、固形分濃度２質量％に溶解した水溶液のpH＝５．０であった。
（２）また、得られた濃縮液４．５kgを噴霧乾燥して粉末状の「タンナーゼ処理した緑茶抽出物」４００ｇを得た。得られた緑茶抽出物は非重合体カテキン類含有量３３．２質量％、ガレート体率４０．１質量％、固形分濃度２質量％に溶解した時の水溶液のpH＝５．０であった。
（３）得られた緑茶抽出物を用いて、実施例２と同様の精製処理を行い、濁りが全く見られず、色相もよく、かつ苦味の低減された精製緑茶抽出物を得た。
処理後の非重合体カテキン類の含有量＝２０．２質量％
処理後の固形分中における非重合体カテキン類濃度＝６６質量％
処理後の濁度＝１．２
処理後の非重合体カテキン類／カフェイン質量比＝３３．０
処理後のガレート体率＝３９．３質量％
（４）得られた精製緑茶抽出物を用いて、本発明飲料１と同様にして容器詰飲料を得た。この飲料は長期に保存しても外観の変化がなく、かつ苦味が低減されていた。
(Example 3)
(1) 90 kg of hot water at 84 ° C. was added to 6000 g of green tea leaves and extracted for 60 minutes, followed by filtration with No. 2 filter paper to obtain 66 kg (pH 5.4) of “green tea extract”. (Non-polymer catechin concentration in green tea extract = 0.9 mass%, gallate body ratio in green tea extract = 52.2 mass%)
This green tea extract was set at a temperature of 25 ° C., tannase (Kikkoman Tannase KTFH) was added at a concentration of 200 ppm with respect to the green tea extract and held for 130 minutes, resulting in a gallate body ratio of 40.2% by mass. The solution was heated to 90 ° C. to deactivate the enzyme and stop the reaction (pH 4.9). The reaction solution was concentrated to a Brix concentration of 25 using a reverse osmosis membrane (NTR-759HR manufactured by Nitto Denko) to obtain 8 kg of a liquid “concentrate of tannase-treated green tea extract”. The obtained green tea extract had a non-polymer catechin content of 6.9% by mass, a gallate body ratio of 40.1% by mass, and a pH of an aqueous solution dissolved in a solid content concentration of 2% by mass = 5.0.
(2) Further, 4.5 kg of the obtained concentrated liquid was spray-dried to obtain 400 g of a powdered “tannase-treated green tea extract”. The obtained green tea extract had a non-polymer catechin content of 33.2% by mass, a gallate body ratio of 40.1% by mass, and a pH of the aqueous solution when dissolved in a solid content concentration of 2% by mass = 5.0. .
(3) Using the obtained green tea extract, the same purification treatment as in Example 2 was performed to obtain a purified green tea extract having no turbidity, good hue, and reduced bitterness.
Content of non-polymer catechins after treatment = 20.2% by mass
Non-polymer catechin concentration in solid content after treatment = 66% by mass
Turbidity after treatment = 1.2
Non-polymer catechins / caffeine mass ratio after treatment = 33.0
Galate body ratio after treatment = 39.3 mass%
(4) Using the obtained purified green tea extract, a packaged beverage was obtained in the same manner as the beverage 1 of the present invention. Even if this beverage was stored for a long period of time, the appearance did not change and the bitterness was reduced.
Claims (6)
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| JP2007195458A (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | T Hasegawa Co Ltd | Method for producing tea extract processed product improved in flavor |
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