JP2005337375A - Synchromesh apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a synchromesh apparatus which can shorten its size in the axial direction, and can reduce its manufacturing cost. <P>SOLUTION: The synchromesh apparatus comprises a synchronizer ring 14 which is arranged between a spline piece 32 to be integrally turned with a rotary shaft 22 and a hub sleeve 36, and makes the hub sleeve 36 synchronize with the spline piece 32 by being frictionally engaged with the spline piece 32 by sliding the hub sleeve 36. A clutch hub 12 and the synchronizer ring 14 can relatively turn by a required amount. The synchromesh apparatus further comprises circular rings 18, 20 which are fixed to the clutch hub 12 at one end, and is loosely fitted to the synchronizer ring 14 at the other end, and plate-shaped members 44 which are fixed to the circular rings 18, 20, and are loosely fitted to the synchronizer ring 14, and have tapered surfaces which are brought into contact with the end portion of the spline of the hub sleeve 36. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a synchronous meshing device used in a transmission of a vehicle, and in particular, a type in which a synchronizer ring that can be frictionally engaged with a synchronized gear is disposed between a transmission sleeve and a synchronized gear. The present invention relates to a synchronous meshing device.

  As a synchronous meshing device in which a synchronizer ring is disposed between a speed change sleeve and a synchronized gear, there is a device known as a Borgwarner type (for example, Patent Document 1).

In the synchronous meshing device described in Patent Document 1, the synchronizer ring has a chamfer portion whose radial position is the same as the inner peripheral portion of the sleeve, and the sleeve chamfer portion is moved by the axial movement of the sleeve. And the chamfer part of the synchronizer ring are engaged with each other. At the same time, the tapered cone surface formed on the inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer ring is frictionally engaged with the tapered surface of the synchronized gear, so that synchronization is performed between the sleeve and the synchronized gear. When the synchronization is completed, the sleeve can be further moved in the axial direction, and the spline piece and the sleeve that rotate integrally with the synchronized gear are spline-fitted to complete the shift operation.
JP-A-2-248722

  In the synchronous meshing device of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to prevent the sleeve chamfer portion and the synchronizer ring chamfer portion from contacting each other at the time of non-shifting, and therefore it is necessary to provide a predetermined axial clearance therebetween. . For this reason, the axial dimension of the synchronous meshing device cannot be sufficiently shortened. Further, the chamfer portion of the synchronizer ring requires a spline tooth having an engagement surface to be engaged with the chamfer portion of the sleeve, so that the shape thereof is complicated and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is relatively high. .

  The present invention has been made in the background of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a synchronous meshing device capable of shortening the axial dimension and suppressing the manufacturing cost. There is.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: (a) a clutch hub and a synchronized gear that are assembled on a rotating shaft such that one of them is relatively non-rotatable and the other is relatively rotatable; A hub sleeve that is spline-fitted, and (c) is fitted to the synchronized gear so as not to rotate relative to the synchronized gear, and is spline-fitted with the hub sleeve by sliding in the axial direction of the hub sleeve. A spline piece for coupling the synchronous gear and the hub sleeve; and (d) disposed between the spline piece and the hub sleeve and frictionally engaged with the spline piece by sliding in the axial direction of the hub sleeve. A synchromesh device comprising a synchronizer ring for synchronizing the hub sleeve and the spline piece, wherein (e) the clutch hub And the synchronizer ring are rotatable relative to each other by a predetermined amount. (F) One end is fixed to one of the clutch hub and the synchronizer ring, and the other end is the clutch hub and the synchronizer ring. An arc-shaped elastic member that is loosely fitted so that movement in the circumferential direction is restricted but movement in the other circumferential direction is possible, and (g) the hub sleeve when the elastic member is not deformed And is fixed to the elastic member so as to protrude radially outward to a position where it can be brought into contact with the spline end of the hub sleeve by bending of the elastic member. A plate-like member that is loosely fitted to the synchronizer ring and has a tapered surface that is brought into contact with the spline end of the hub sleeve. To.

  According to the present invention, when the synchronizer ring and the spline piece are frictionally engaged by the axial sliding of the hub sleeve, the clutch hub and the synchronizer ring that are spline-fitted to the hub sleeve are in a predetermined amount relative to each other. Rotate. Therefore, an elastic member having one end fixed to one of the clutch hub and the synchronizer ring and the other end loosely fitted to the other of the clutch hub and the synchronizer ring is bent. As a result, the plate-like member fixed to the elastic member is protruded radially outward, and the taper surface of the plate-like member is brought into contact with the spline end portion of the hub sleeve. The synchronization is performed by being transmitted to the synchronizer ring via the plate-like member, and further axial movement of the hub sleeve being synchronized is prevented. When the synchronization is substantially completed, the force that bends the elastic member decreases, so that the plate-like member has an inner diameter larger than the outer peripheral surface of the synchronizer ring due to the force with which the hub sleeve pushes the plate-like member and the elastic return force of the elastic member. Since the hub sleeve moves to the side, the hub sleeve can further move in the axial direction beyond the plate-like member, so that the hub sleeve and the spline piece can be spline-fitted.

  As described above, the protruding plate-like member prevents the sleeve from coming into contact with the spline piece until the synchronization is completed, but this plate-like member is more radial than the inner peripheral surface of the hub sleeve when not shifting. Since it is positioned on the inner side, it is not necessary to provide an axial gap between the plate-like member and the sleeve so that they do not contact at the time of non-shifting. Therefore, the axial dimension of the synchronous meshing device can be shortened. Further, since it is not necessary to form a chamfer portion having a complicated shape in the plate member or the synchronizer ring, the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. First, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a synchronous meshing device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a diagram of the rings 18 and 20 with respect to the clutch hub 12 and the synchronizer rings 14 and 16 of the synchronous meshing device 10. It is a top view which shows an attachment structure. 1A and 1B both show a neutral state.

  In the synchronous meshing device 10 shown in FIG. 1, the clutch hub 12 is made incapable of relative rotation with respect to the rotating shaft 22 by being spline fitted to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 22. The synchronized gears 28 and 30 are fitted to the rotary shaft 22 so as to be relatively rotatable via bearings 24 and 26 so as to be adjacent to the clutch hub 12 in the axial direction.

  Spline pieces 32 and 34 are spline fitted to the synchronized gears 28 and 30, respectively, on the clutch hub 12 side. The spline pieces 32 and 34 include spline teeth 32a and 34a, and the cone portion 32b having a tapered surface whose outer peripheral surface is smaller in diameter toward the clutch hub 12 than the spline teeth 32a and 34a. , 34b are formed. The synchronizer rings 14 and 16 are fitted on the outer peripheries of the cone portions 32b and 34b of the spline pieces 32 and 34, respectively.

  The synchronizer rings 14 and 16 are annular members, and the inner peripheral surfaces are tapered surfaces 14a and 16a that can be engaged with the cone portions 32b and 34b of the spline pieces 32 and 34, respectively.

  The clutch hub 12 has an inner peripheral side cylinder portion 12a having spline teeth fitted to the rotary shaft 22, and an outer peripheral surface position substantially equal to the outer peripheral surfaces of the spline teeth 32a, 34a of the spline pieces 32, 34. The outer peripheral side cylindrical portion 12b and the disk portion 12c for connecting the inner peripheral side cylindrical portion 12a and the outer peripheral side cylindrical portion 12b are provided. A hub sleeve 36 is spline-fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical portion 12b. The diameter of the hub sleeve 36 is such that the hub sleeve 36 can be fitted to the spline teeth 32a and 34a of the spline pieces 32 and 34 by movement in the axial direction.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.1 (b), the outer peripheral side cylinder part 12b is notched in the circumferential direction, and the key 38 is inserted in the notch part. As shown in FIG. 1A, the key 38 is urged in a direction in which the hub sleeve 36 is pressed by a spring 42 fitted in a radial hole 40 formed in the disk portion 12c of the clutch hub 12. Has been. Due to this urging force, the upper surface of the key 38 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the hub sleeve 36 in the neutral state.

  The synchronizer rings 14 and 16 are fitted inside the outer cylinder portion 12b of the clutch hub 12 as shown in the lower portion of FIG. 1A, but are shown in the upper portion of FIG. As shown, the outer peripheral side cylindrical portion 12b of the clutch hub 12 protrudes to the outer peripheral side with respect to the other peripheral portions, and the outer peripheral surface is the teeth of the spline teeth 32a, 34a of the spline pieces 32, 34. Convex portions 14b and 16b that substantially coincide with the bottom are formed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the convex portions 14b and 16b have two grooves 14c and 16c having one end in the circumferential direction opened at the end in the circumferential direction of the convex portions 14b and 16b, respectively. It is formed on the line. One end of the acceleration side ring 18 or the deceleration side ring 20 that is an elastic member is loosely fitted in the grooves 14c and 16c. Thereby, one end of the rings 18 and 20 on the side fitted in the grooves 14c and 16c is not restricted from moving along the grooves 14c and 16c toward the opening side in the circumferential direction, but opposite in the circumferential direction. Movement to the side is restricted.

  The acceleration side ring 18 and the deceleration side ring 20 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the synchronizer rings 14 and 16 so as to be along the end portions on the side of the spline pieces 32 and 34 in the width direction of the synchronizer rings 14 and 16. The other end on the side not loosely fitted to 16c is fitted into a spline groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the clutch hub 12. In the present embodiment, the thicknesses of the acceleration side ring 18 and the deceleration side ring 20 are constant in the longitudinal direction.

  A plate-like member 44 is fixed to the acceleration side ring 18 and the deceleration side ring 20 by welding or the like at substantially the center in the longitudinal direction (that is, the maximum bending position when the rings 18 and 20 are curved), The plate-like member 44 is loosely fitted in the receiving grooves 14d and 16d formed in the synchronizer rings 14 and 16 (FIG. 1A). In the neutral state shown in FIG. 1, the radially outer end of the plate-like member 44 is positioned radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the hub sleeve 36.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the ring 18 (or 20) and the plate-like member 44. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the plate-like member 44 has a tapered surface 44a. The inclination of the tapered surface 44a is made to correspond to the inclination of the chamfer portion 36a of the hub sleeve 36.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the clutch hub 12 and the acceleration side ring 18 and the deceleration side ring 20. The positions and shapes of the acceleration side ring 18 and the deceleration side ring 20 shown in FIG. 3 are those at the time of non-deformation, and the acceleration side ring 18 and the deceleration side ring 20 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the clutch hub 12 when not deformed. The shape is curved so as to follow. Further, in the synchronous meshing device 10 of the present embodiment, three acceleration side rings 18 and three reduction side rings 20 are provided on one side surface of the hub sleeve 36, and the acceleration side ring 18 and the reduction side ring 20 are alternately arranged. These rings 18 and 20 make a round around the outer periphery of the clutch hub 12.

  Next, the synchronous operation of the synchronous meshing device 10 will be described. When the hub sleeve 36 is moved to one side in the axial direction (here, the synchronizer ring 14 side) by applying a shift operation force to the hub sleeve 36 from the state shown in FIG. Since the combined key 38 is also moved in the same direction, the synchronizer ring 14 is pressed against the side surface of the key 38 as shown in FIG. When the synchronizer ring 14 is pressed in the left direction in FIG. 4 by the key 38, a frictional force in the rotational direction is generated between the tapered surface 14a of the synchronizer ring 14 and the cone portion 32b of the spline piece 32. Due to this frictional force, a differential is generated between the synchronizer ring 14 and the clutch hub 12, and the convex portion 14b of the synchronizer ring 14 is brought into contact with the clutch hub 12, as shown in FIG. Until both are rotated by a predetermined amount.

  At this time, one of the acceleration side ring 18 and the deceleration side ring 20 (in FIG. 4, the acceleration side ring 18 is determined depending on the magnitude relationship between the rotational speeds of the synchronizer ring 14 and the spline piece 32. ) Is applied with a force in a direction in which the movement of the end portion on the side accommodated in the groove 14c is restricted. The other end of the acceleration side ring 18 is fixed to the spline groove of the clutch hub 12. Therefore, the acceleration side ring 18 is curved radially outward, and as shown in FIG. 4A, the plate-like member 44 fixed to the acceleration side ring 18 has a tapered surface 44a at the hub sleeve. It is made to project radially outward to a position where it can contact the 36 chamfer portions 36a. A part of the plate-like member 44 on the inner side in the radial direction remains housed in the housing groove 14d.

  When the hub sleeve 36 is further moved to the spline piece 32 side in the axial direction, the tapered surface 44a of the plate-like member 44 and the hub are shown in FIG. Since the chamfer portion 36a of the sleeve 36 is brought into contact with the sleeve 36, further movement of the hub sleeve 36 toward the spline piece 32 is prohibited, and a shift operation force (a leftward force in FIGS. 5 and 6) is It is transmitted from the hub sleeve 36 to the synchronizer ring 14 via the plate member 44. Accordingly, a stronger frictional force is generated between the tapered surface 14 a of the synchronizer ring 14 and the cone portion 32 b of the spline piece 32. The spline piece 32 and the synchronizer ring 14 are synchronized by this frictional force. The synchronized gear 28 is rotated integrally with the spline piece 32, and the clutch hub 12 is connected to the synchronizer ring 14 by the rings 18, 20 and is rotated integrally with the synchronizer ring 14. And the synchronizer ring 14 are synchronized, the synchronized gear 28 and the clutch hub 12 are synchronized.

  When the synchronization between the spline piece 32 and the synchronizer ring 14 is substantially completed, the frictional force between the tapered surface 14a of the synchronizer ring 14 and the cone portion 32b of the spline piece 32 is reduced, so that the acceleration side ring 18 is curved. The force is also reduced, and the acceleration side ring 18 is returned radially inward by the force that the acceleration side ring 18 tries to return to the original shape and the force that the hub sleeve 36 pushes the acceleration side ring 18 through the plate-like member 44. It is.

  As a result, the hub sleeve 36 can be further moved in the axial direction, so that the hub sleeve 36 moves beyond the plate member 44 to the spline piece 32 side as shown in FIG. Further, when the hub sleeve 36 is moved in the same direction, the hub sleeve 36 and the spline piece 32 are spline fitted to complete the speed change operation.

  The above description is for the case where the hub sleeve 36 is moved to the synchronizer ring 14 side. However, when the hub sleeve 36 is moved in the reverse direction, that is, to the synchronizer ring 16 side, Synchronization with the spline piece 34 is performed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the projection of the plate-like member 44 prevents the hub sleeve 36 from contacting the spline pieces 32 and 34 until the synchronization is completed. Since the member 44 is positioned radially inward of the inner peripheral surface of the hub sleeve 36 when not shifting, the plate-like member 44 and the hub sleeve 36 do not contact each other when not shifting. There is no need to provide an axial gap. Therefore, the axial direction dimension of the synchronous meshing device 10 can be shortened. Further, since it is not necessary to form a chamfer portion having a complicated shape in the plate-like member 44 and the synchronizer rings 32 and 34, the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  As mentioned above, although one Example of this invention was described, this invention can be implemented in the aspect which added the various change and improvement based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the spline pieces 32 and 34 are separated from the synchronized gears 28 and 30, but the spline pieces 32 and 34 are always rotated integrally with the synchronized gears 28 and 30. Therefore, the spline pieces 32 and 34 may be formed integrally with the synchronized gears 28 and 30.

  In the above-described embodiment, the acceleration side ring 18 and the deceleration side ring 20 are loosely fitted so that the end on the synchronizer rings 14 and 16 side is movable in the circumferential direction, and the end on the clutch hub 12 side is fixed. However, conversely, the end on the side of the synchronizer rings 14 and 16 may be fixed, and the end on the side of the clutch hub 12 may be loosely fitted so as to be movable in the circumferential direction.

  Further, the synchronous meshing device 10 of the above-described embodiment has the key 38, and the synchronization operation is started by pressing the synchronizer rings 14 and 16 with the side of the key 38. Instead, the present invention is also applied to a synchronous meshing device of a type in which a spring is provided between the synchronizer ring and the hub sleeve, and the hub sleeve presses the synchronizer ring via the spring to start the synchronous operation. Is applicable.

  In the above-described embodiment, three rings 18 and 20 are provided on each side surface of the clutch hub 12, but the number of rings 18 and 20 is not limited to that of the above-described embodiment. For example, the number may be two or four.

(A) is sectional drawing which shows the synchronous meshing apparatus of one Example of this invention, (b) is a top view which shows the attachment structure of the ring with respect to the clutch hub and synchronizer ring of the synchronous meshing apparatus. It is an expanded sectional view of a ring and a plate-shaped member. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of a clutch hub and an acceleration side ring and a deceleration side ring. It is a figure which shows the index process of the synchronous meshing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the synchronous process of the synchronous meshing apparatus of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. It is a figure which shows the separation process of the synchronous meshing apparatus of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10: Synchronous meshing device, 12: Clutch hub, 14: Synchronizer ring, 16: Synchronizer ring, 18: Acceleration ring (elastic member), 20: Reduction ring (elastic member), 22: Rotating shaft, 28: Synchronized Gear: 30: Synchronized gear, 32: Spline piece, 34: Spline piece, 36: Hub sleeve, 44: Plate member, 44a: Tapered surface

Claims (1)

A clutch hub and a synchronized gear that are assembled on the rotating shaft such that one is relatively non-rotatable and the other is relatively rotatable;
A hub sleeve splined to the clutch hub;
A spline piece that is fitted to the synchronized gear so as not to rotate relative to the synchronized gear and that is spline-fitted to the hub sleeve by sliding in the axial direction of the hub sleeve, thereby coupling the synchronized gear and the hub sleeve; ,
A synchronizer ring disposed between the spline piece and the hub sleeve, and frictionally engaged with the spline piece by axial sliding of the hub sleeve to synchronize the hub sleeve and the spline piece. A synchronous meshing device comprising:
The clutch hub and the synchronizer ring are rotatable relative to each other by a predetermined amount;
One end is fixed to one of the clutch hub and the synchronizer ring, and the other end is restricted by the other of the clutch hub and the synchronizer ring from moving in one circumferential direction. An arcuate elastic member loosely fitted to allow movement to the other;
When the elastic member is not deformed, the elastic member is positioned radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the hub sleeve, and protrudes radially outward to a position where the elastic member can be brought into contact with the spline end of the hub sleeve. A plate-like member fixed to the elastic member, loosely fitted to the synchronizer ring, and having a tapered surface that is brought into contact with the spline end of the hub sleeve. Synchronizing device.

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