JP2005252420A - Ear hole-shaped hearing aid - Google Patents
Ear hole-shaped hearing aid Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005252420A JP2005252420A JP2004057082A JP2004057082A JP2005252420A JP 2005252420 A JP2005252420 A JP 2005252420A JP 2004057082 A JP2004057082 A JP 2004057082A JP 2004057082 A JP2004057082 A JP 2004057082A JP 2005252420 A JP2005252420 A JP 2005252420A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、シェル部材の内部にイヤホンを収納した耳あな形補聴器に関する。 The present invention relates to an earphone type hearing aid in which an earphone is housed in a shell member.
従来、耳あな形補聴器では、イヤホンがイヤホンチューブを介してシェル部材に取り付けられている。イヤホンチューブの先端がシェル部材の音口に嵌合して接着剤により固定され、イヤホンの音口がイヤホンチューブの後端に嵌合して接着剤により固定されている。 Conventionally, in an earphone type hearing aid, an earphone is attached to a shell member via an earphone tube. The tip of the earphone tube is fitted to the sound port of the shell member and fixed by an adhesive, and the sound port of the earphone is fitted to the rear end of the earphone tube and fixed by the adhesive.
また、耳垢がイヤホンの音口に入らないように、シェル部材の音口又はイヤホンチューブの先端にフィルタの役割を果たす多数の細かな孔を開けた耳垢防止チップを取り付けることも知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 It is also known to attach an earwax prevention chip having a number of fine holes that serve as a filter at the sound outlet of the shell member or the tip of the earphone tube so that the earwax does not enter the sound outlet of the earphone ( For example, see Patent Document 1).
しかし、イヤホンがイヤホンチューブのみで支持されていることから、イヤホンがシェル部材内で動くことが可能であるため、音響特性が変化し易かった。また、耳垢や汗がイヤホンチューブを通ってイヤホンの音口に入り易く、イヤホンの故障原因にもなっていた。
また、特許文献１に記載のように、耳垢防止チップを取り付けていても、耳垢防止チップに耳垢が付着すると、音響特性の変化が著しく、更に耳垢の付着量が多くなると補聴器の故障原因になる可能性が高いという問題を有していた。
However, since the earphone is supported only by the earphone tube, the earphone can move in the shell member, so that the acoustic characteristics are easily changed. In addition, earwax and sweat easily pass through the earphone tube and enter the sound outlet of the earphone, which causes the earphone to malfunction.
In addition, as described in Patent Document 1, even when an earwax prevention chip is attached, if the earwax adheres to the earwax prevention chip, the acoustic characteristics change remarkably, and if the amount of earwax attached further increases, it may cause a hearing aid failure. Had the problem of high possibility.
また、イヤホンチューブは、通常シアノアクリレート系接着剤によってシェル部材に接着されるが、シアノアクリレート系接着剤は耐水性が低く経年変化によりイヤホンチューブがシェル部材から剥離し易いという問題も有していた。
更に、外耳道が曲がっている装用者に対しては、角度付きのイヤホンチューブを用いていたが、装用者の外耳道の角度は様々なため、限られた角度付きイヤホンチューブ（例えば、４５度、６０度、９０度など）から選択しなければならず、そのためイヤホンチューブの捩れによる音響特性不良も発生し易かった。
The earphone tube is usually bonded to the shell member by a cyanoacrylate adhesive, but the cyanoacrylate adhesive has a problem that the earphone tube is easily peeled off from the shell member due to low water resistance. .
Furthermore, although an angled earphone tube has been used for a wearer with a curved external auditory canal, the angle of the ear canal of the wearer varies, so limited angled earphone tubes (for example, 45 degrees, 60 degrees) Degree, 90 degrees, etc.), and therefore, the acoustic characteristic defect due to the twist of the earphone tube is likely to occur.
本発明は、従来の技術が有するこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、イヤホンチューブを使用せず、耳垢や汗などの物質がイヤホンの音口に入り難くい耳あな形補聴器を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is not to use an earphone tube, but a substance such as earwax or sweat enters the sound outlet of the earphone. It is intended to provide a hard ear hearing aid.
上記課題を解決すべく請求項１に係る発明は、シェル部材の内部にイヤホンを収納した耳あな形補聴器において、前記イヤホンがイヤホンサスペンションを介して前記シェル部材に固定される。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to a first aspect of the present invention, in an earphone type hearing aid in which an earphone is housed in a shell member, the earphone is fixed to the shell member via an earphone suspension.
請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１記載の耳あな形補聴器において、前記イヤホンは、前記イヤホンサスペンションに圧入され、前記イヤホンを圧入した前記イヤホンサスペンションは、前記シェル部材に形成されたフランジに圧入される。 The invention according to claim 2 is the earphone type hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the earphone is press-fitted into the earphone suspension, and the earphone suspension into which the earphone is press-fitted is press-fitted into a flange formed in the shell member. Is done.
請求項３に係る発明は、請求項１又は２記載の耳あな形補聴器において、前記シェル部材の一部が、前記イヤホンを固定している残りのシェル部材に対して着脱自在に分離できるようにした。 The invention according to claim 3 is the earphone type hearing aid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the shell member can be detachably separated from the remaining shell member to which the earphone is fixed. did.
以上説明したように請求項１に係る発明によれば、イヤホンチューブを使用しないので、イヤホンチューブを通して耳垢や汗などがイヤホンに入り込むことがなくなり、イヤホン不良を防止することができる。
また、イヤホンを、イヤホンサスペンションを介してシェル部材に固定するので、イヤホンがシェル部材内で独自に動くことがなく、音響特性の変化を防止することができる。
更に、イヤホンチューブを使用しないため、部品点数の削減によりコスト及び工数が低減されると共に、イヤホンのレイアウトの自由度が増してイヤホン取り付けの作業性が向上する。
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the earphone tube is not used, earwax, sweat, etc. do not enter the earphone through the earphone tube, and the earphone failure can be prevented.
Further, since the earphone is fixed to the shell member via the earphone suspension, the earphone does not move independently within the shell member, and the change in acoustic characteristics can be prevented.
Further, since no earphone tube is used, the cost and man-hours are reduced by reducing the number of parts, and the degree of freedom of the layout of the earphones is increased, and the workability of attaching the earphones is improved.
請求項２に係る発明によれば、接着剤を使用しないので、接着剤による組立て品質のばらつきを小さくすることができる。 According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2, since the adhesive agent is not used, the dispersion | variation in the assembly quality by an adhesive agent can be made small.
請求項３に係る発明によれば、シェル部材の一部が、残りのシェル部材３に対して着脱自在に分離できることによって、イヤホンの音口や音響室などの清掃を容易に行うことができる。 According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, when a part of shell member is separable with respect to the remaining shell members 3, it can clean easily, such as a sound mouth of an earphone, an acoustic chamber.
以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。ここで、図１は本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の概要断面図、図２〜図９は同じく第１実施例〜第８実施例の要部概略断面図である。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ear-shaped hearing aid according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 9 are schematic cross-sectional views of the main parts of the first to eighth embodiments.
本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の第１実施例は、図１及び図２に示すように、イヤホン１が円筒形状で弾性部材からなるイヤホンサスペンション２を介してシェル部材３に固定されている。イヤホンサスペンション２の外周面には、上下に２つの環状溝２ａ，２ｂが形成され、シェル部材３の内壁には、２つの円環状のフランジ３ａ，３ｂが形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the earphone 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has an earphone 1 fixed to a shell member 3 via an earphone suspension 2 having a cylindrical shape and an elastic member. Two annular grooves 2 a and 2 b are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the earphone suspension 2, and two annular flanges 3 a and 3 b are formed on the inner wall of the shell member 3.
そして、イヤホン１は、イヤホン１を圧入したイヤホンサスペンション２が、その環状溝２ａ，２ｂをシェル部材３のフランジ３ａ，３ｂに圧入することによりシェル部材３に固定されることになる。 Then, the earphone 1 is fixed to the shell member 3 by pressing the earphone suspension 2 into which the earphone 1 is press-fitted into the flanges 3 a and 3 b of the shell member 3.
また、イヤホン１の音口１ａとシェル部材３の音口３ｃは、対向して配置されている。音口１ａを形成するイヤホン１と、イヤホンサスペンション２と、フランジ３ａと、シェル部材３の上部内壁３ｄで、シェル部材３の音口３ｃのみで開放された音響室４を形成している。なお、５はマイクロホン、補聴処理部やバッテリィなどが収納されるアンプ室である。 Further, the sound port 1a of the earphone 1 and the sound port 3c of the shell member 3 are arranged to face each other. The earphone 1, the earphone suspension 2, the flange 3a, and the upper inner wall 3d of the shell member 3 that form the sound port 1a form an acoustic chamber 4 that is opened only by the sound port 3c of the shell member 3. Reference numeral 5 denotes an amplifier room in which a microphone, a hearing aid processing unit, a battery, and the like are accommodated.
このような第１実施例によれば、イヤホンチューブを使用しないので、イヤホンチューブを通して耳垢や汗などがイヤホン１の音口１ａに入り込むことがない。また、イヤホン１がイヤホンサスペンション２を介してシェル部材３に確実に固定されるので、イヤホン１がシェル部材３内で独自に動くことがない。 According to the first embodiment, since the earphone tube is not used, earwax or sweat does not enter the sound port 1a of the earphone 1 through the earphone tube. Further, since the earphone 1 is securely fixed to the shell member 3 via the earphone suspension 2, the earphone 1 does not move independently within the shell member 3.
更に、シェル部材３の音口３ｃのみを開口部とする音響室４が形成されるので、イヤホン１の音口１ａから出る音は、漏れることなくシェル部材３の音口３ｃのみから放出される。また、シェル部材３の音口３ｃから侵入した耳垢や汗などは、音響室４に留まり、アンプ室などに侵入することはない。 Furthermore, since the acoustic chamber 4 having only the sound port 3c of the shell member 3 as an opening is formed, the sound emitted from the sound port 1a of the earphone 1 is emitted only from the sound port 3c of the shell member 3 without leaking. . In addition, earwax, sweat, and the like that have entered from the sound port 3c of the shell member 3 remain in the acoustic room 4 and do not enter the amplifier room or the like.
次に、本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の第２実施例は、図３に示すように、イヤホン１の音口１ａとシェル部材３の音口３ｃが、その中心軸をずらして配置されている点を特徴とし、その他の構成は第１実施例と同様である。 Next, in a second embodiment of the earphone type hearing aid according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the sound port 1a of the earphone 1 and the sound port 3c of the shell member 3 are arranged with their center axes shifted. The other features are the same as those of the first embodiment.
このような第２実施例によれば、イヤホン１の音口１ａの中心軸と、シェル部材３の音口３ｃの中心軸をずらせているので、シェル部材３の音口３ｃに侵入した耳垢や汗などが、第１実施例のように中心軸を一致させている場合に比べて、直接イヤホン１の音口１ａに入る可能性が低くなる。その他の作用・効果は第１実施例と同様である。 According to the second embodiment, since the central axis of the sound port 1a of the earphone 1 is shifted from the central axis of the sound port 3c of the shell member 3, the earwax or the like that has entered the sound port 3c of the shell member 3 is shifted. The possibility that sweat or the like directly enters the sound mouth 1a of the earphone 1 is lower than that in the case where the central axes are aligned as in the first embodiment. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
次に、本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の第３実施例は、図４に示すように、円筒形状で弾性部材からなり、且つ空洞にしたイヤホンサスペンション６を用いる点を特徴としている。イヤホンサスペンション６の外周面には、上下にフランジ３ａ，３ｂと嵌合する環状溝６ａ，６ｂが形成されている。その他の構成は第１実施例と同様である。 Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a third embodiment of the earphone type hearing aid according to the present invention is characterized in that a cylindrical earphone suspension 6 made of an elastic member and made hollow is used. On the outer peripheral surface of the earphone suspension 6, annular grooves 6 a and 6 b that are fitted to the flanges 3 a and 3 b are formed vertically. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
このような第３実施例によれば、空洞にしたイヤホンサスペンション６は、空洞でないイヤホンサスペンション２と比べて、軽量化が図れると共に、シェル部材３を介してイヤホン１に加わる衝撃に対しても、より大きな緩衝作用を発揮する。その他の作用・効果は第１実施例と同様である。 According to the third embodiment, the hollow earphone suspension 6 can be reduced in weight as compared with the non-hollow earphone suspension 2, and the impact applied to the earphone 1 through the shell member 3 can be reduced. Greater buffering effect. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
次に、本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の第４実施例は、図５に示すように、イヤホン１の音口１ａとシェル部材３の音口３ｃとの間に、貫通孔７ａを有する壁部７をシェル部材３の上部内壁３ｄに設けた点を特徴とし、その他の構成は第１実施例と同様である。なお、貫通孔７ａの中心軸は、イヤホン１の音口１ａ及びシェル部材３の音口３ｃと一致させても一致させなくてもよい。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the fourth embodiment of the earphone type hearing aid according to the present invention has a wall having a through hole 7a between the sound port 1a of the earphone 1 and the sound port 3c of the shell member 3. It is characterized in that the portion 7 is provided on the upper inner wall 3d of the shell member 3, and the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. The central axis of the through hole 7a may or may not coincide with the sound port 1a of the earphone 1 and the sound port 3c of the shell member 3.
このような第４実施例によれば、シェル部材３の音口３ｃに侵入した耳垢や汗などが、直接イヤホン１の音口１ａに入る可能性が低くなる。その他の作用・効果は第１実施例と同様である。 According to such a 4th Example, the possibility that the earwax, sweat, etc. which penetrate | invaded the sound mouth 3c of the shell member 3 will enter into the sound mouth 1a of the earphone 1 directly becomes low. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
次に、本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の第５実施例は、図６に示すように、２つに分割したイヤホンサスペンション８，９を用いる点を特徴としている。イヤホンサスペンション８，９の外周面には、夫々フランジ３ａ，３ｂと嵌合する環状溝８ａ，９ａが形成されている。その他の構成は第１実施例と同様である。 Next, the fifth embodiment of the earphone type hearing aid according to the present invention is characterized in that earphone suspensions 8 and 9 divided into two parts are used as shown in FIG. On the outer peripheral surfaces of the earphone suspensions 8 and 9, annular grooves 8a and 9a are formed for fitting with the flanges 3a and 3b, respectively. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
このような第５実施例によれば、２つに分割したイヤホンサスペンション８，９を用いることにより、一体に形成されたイヤホンサスペンション２と比べて、耳あな形補聴器の軽量化に寄与できる。その他の作用・効果は第１実施例と同様である。 According to the fifth embodiment, by using the earphone suspensions 8 and 9 divided into two parts, it is possible to contribute to the weight reduction of the earphone type hearing aid as compared with the earphone suspension 2 formed integrally. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
次に、本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の第６実施例は、図７に示すように、円筒形状で弾性部材からなり、且つ複数の空洞を有するイヤホンサスペンション１０を用いる点を特徴としている。イヤホンサスペンション１０の外周面には、上下にフランジ３ａ，３ｂと嵌合する環状溝１０ａ，１０ｂが形成されている。その他の構成は第１実施例と同様である。 Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the sixth embodiment of the earphone type hearing aid according to the present invention is characterized in that an earphone suspension 10 having a cylindrical shape, made of an elastic member, and having a plurality of cavities is used. On the outer peripheral surface of the earphone suspension 10, annular grooves 10a and 10b are formed so as to be fitted to the flanges 3a and 3b. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
このような第６実施例によれば、複数の空洞を有するイヤホンサスペンション１０を用いることにより、一体に形成されたイヤホンサスペンション２が有するイヤホン１に対する安定した支持機能と、空洞にしたイヤホンサスペンション６が有する軽量化機能とイヤホン１に対する大きな緩衝機能を合せ持つことができる。その他の作用・効果は第１実施例と同様である。 According to the sixth embodiment, by using the earphone suspension 10 having a plurality of cavities, a stable support function for the earphone 1 included in the integrally formed earphone suspension 2 and the hollow earphone suspension 6 are provided. It is possible to have both a light weight function and a large buffer function for the earphone 1. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
次に、本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の第７実施例は、図８に示すように、外耳道が曲がっている装用者に対応するようシェル部材３の先端形状及び音口３ｃの位置を変えるものである。その他の構成は第１実施例と同様である。 Next, in the seventh embodiment of the earlobe hearing aid according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the tip shape of the shell member 3 and the position of the sound mouth 3c are changed so as to correspond to the wearer whose outer ear canal is bent. Is. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
このような第７実施例によれば、シェル部材３の先端形状及び音口３ｃの位置を変えることにより、あらゆる外耳道の形状に対応することができる。その他の作用・効果は第１実施例と同様である。 According to such a 7th Example, it can respond to the shape of any ear canal by changing the front-end | tip shape of the shell member 3, and the position of the sound port 3c. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
次に、本発明に係る耳あな形補聴器の第８実施例は、図９に示すように、音響室４を形成するシェル部材３の一部を残りのシェル部材３に対して着脱自在で分離できるようにしたものである。分離する個所１１は、イヤホン１の音口１ａや音響室４などの清掃がやり易い開口が得られればよく、シェル部材３の音口３ｃ又はフランジ３ａの近傍であっていい。その他の構成は第１実施例と同様である。 Next, as shown in FIG. 9, in the eighth embodiment of the earlobe hearing aid according to the present invention, a part of the shell member 3 forming the acoustic chamber 4 is detachably separated from the remaining shell member 3. It is something that can be done. The part 11 to be separated may be near the sound port 3c of the shell member 3 or the flange 3a as long as an opening that can be easily cleaned such as the sound port 1a of the earphone 1 or the acoustic chamber 4 is obtained. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
このような第８実施例によれば、シェル部材３の一部を残りのシェル部材３から取り外すことにより大きな開口が得られるので、イヤホン１の音口１ａや音響室４などの清掃を容易に行うことができる。その他の作用・効果は第１実施例と同様である。 According to the eighth embodiment, since a large opening can be obtained by removing a part of the shell member 3 from the remaining shell member 3, it is easy to clean the sound port 1a of the earphone 1, the acoustic chamber 4, and the like. It can be carried out. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
本発明によれば、イヤホンチューブを使用しないので、部品点数の削減に寄与し、工数低減やコスト低減が図れるばかりではなく、イヤホンの故障率を減らし、補聴器の耐久性の向上につながる。 According to the present invention, since the earphone tube is not used, it contributes to the reduction of the number of parts, and the man-hour and cost can be reduced, and the failure rate of the earphone is reduced and the durability of the hearing aid is improved.
１…イヤホン、１ａ…イヤホンの音口、２，６，８，９，１０…イヤホンサスペンション、２ａ，２ｂ，６ａ，６ｂ，８ａ，９ａ，１０ａ，１０ｂ…環状溝、３…シェル部材、３ａ，３ｂ…フランジ、３ｃ…シェル部材の音口、３ｄ…上部内壁対、４…音響室。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Earphone, 1a ... Sound opening of earphone, 2, 6, 8, 9, 10 ... Earphone suspension, 2a, 2b, 6a, 6b, 8a, 9a, 10a, 10b ... Annular groove, 3 ... Shell member, 3a, 3b: Flange, 3c: Sound port of shell member, 3d: Upper inner wall pair, 4 ... Sound chamber.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004057082A JP2005252420A (en) | 2004-03-02 | 2004-03-02 | Ear hole-shaped hearing aid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004057082A JP2005252420A (en) | 2004-03-02 | 2004-03-02 | Ear hole-shaped hearing aid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005252420A true JP2005252420A (en) | 2005-09-15 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004057082A Pending JP2005252420A (en) | 2004-03-02 | 2004-03-02 | Ear hole-shaped hearing aid |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2005252420A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007038897A3 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-11-01 | Phonak Ag | Mounting electronic components |
| JP2008295033A (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-12-04 | Rion Co Ltd | Earhole-shaped hearing aid |
| JP2010016787A (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2010-01-21 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Earphone |
| JP2010135953A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-17 | Rion Co Ltd | Ear hole version hearing aid |
| EP2753102A1 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-07-09 | Oticon A/s | Hearing aid with an in-the-ear component |
| EP3068147A1 (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-14 | Sivantos Pte. Ltd. | Hearing aid with a cerumen protection device and cerumen protection device |
| JP2016533665A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2016-10-27 | ジーエヌ リザウンド エー／エスＧｎ Ｒｅｓｏｕｎｄ Ａ／Ｓ | Suspension device for hearing device receiver |
| JP2020092348A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | リオン株式会社 | Electroacoustic transducer and audio device |
-
2004
- 2004-03-02 JP JP2004057082A patent/JP2005252420A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007038897A3 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-11-01 | Phonak Ag | Mounting electronic components |
| JP2008295033A (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-12-04 | Rion Co Ltd | Earhole-shaped hearing aid |
| JP2010016787A (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2010-01-21 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Earphone |
| JP2010135953A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-17 | Rion Co Ltd | Ear hole version hearing aid |
| EP2753102A1 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-07-09 | Oticon A/s | Hearing aid with an in-the-ear component |
| JP2016533665A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2016-10-27 | ジーエヌ リザウンド エー／エスＧｎ Ｒｅｓｏｕｎｄ Ａ／Ｓ | Suspension device for hearing device receiver |
| EP3068147A1 (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-14 | Sivantos Pte. Ltd. | Hearing aid with a cerumen protection device and cerumen protection device |
| US9980067B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 | 2018-05-22 | Sivantos Pte, Ltd. | Hearing device with a wax guard, and wax guard |
| JP2020092348A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | リオン株式会社 | Electroacoustic transducer and audio device |
| JP7347927B2 (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2023-09-20 | リオン株式会社 | Electroacoustic transducers and audio equipment |
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