JP2005075033A - Opening/closing device of trunk lid for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily carry out opening/closing operation of a trunk lid by both electric and manual operation and to realize a simple structure and cost reduction without using a solenoid clutch. <P>SOLUTION: The opening/closing device of a trunk lid for a vehicle for opening/closing the trunk lid attached to a rear opening of a vehicle body is provided with a motor 1 arranged at the inside of the vehicle body than the rear opening opened/closed by the trunk lid; and an operation transmission mechanism connecting the motor 1 and the trunk lid to each other and opening/closing the trunk lid by rotation power of the motor 1. A mechanical clutch A for transmitting rotation torque to an output shaft at rotation of the motor 1 and making the output shaft to the idle running state at stopping of the motor 1 is interposed between the motor 1 and the operation transmission mechanism. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicular back door opening and closing device for opening and closing a back door attached to a rear opening of a vehicle main body.

  For example, a one-box type automobile often has a relatively large back door at the rear opening of the vehicle body. In the case of this type of back door, the opening and closing operation of the back door is already proposed to reduce the labor, because the opening and closing operation of the back door is difficult for a lazy woman and the elderly. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  For example, an open / close device disclosed in Patent Document 1 connects a motor, which is a drive mechanism disposed on the vehicle interior side from an opening that opens and closes the back door, and the drive mechanism and the back door. It is comprised with the link which is an action transmission mechanism which opens and closes a back door with motive power.

  In this opening / closing device, the power of a drive mechanism disposed on the vehicle interior side is transmitted to the back door via the operation transmission mechanism, so that the back door is easily opened and closed electrically.

  Moreover, the opening / closing device disclosed in Patent Document 2 includes a wire that is a cable body arranged between a vehicle body and a back door, a winding drum that is a drawing means for drawing the wire, and the winding drum And a motor that is a driving means for displacing the back door from the open position to the closed position by performing a pulling operation on the wire, and an electromagnetic clutch that is a control means for restricting the pulling operation of the wire by the winding drum. .

In this opening / closing device, when the back door is moved from the opened state to the closed state, the motor is driven and the driving force is transmitted to the winding drum via the electromagnetic clutch. As a result, the wire is drawn by the winding drum, and the back door moves to the closed position. Conversely, when the back door is manually opened from the closed position, the winding drum side is separated from the motor by an electromagnetic clutch. Thereby, since the winding drum is released from the restraint from the motor and the wire can be fed out freely, the back door can be opened smoothly. By connecting and disconnecting the electromagnetic clutch, the back door can be opened and closed both electrically and manually.
JP 2000-335245 A JP 2003-41853 A

  By the way, in the opening / closing apparatus disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, since the motor is a drive mechanism and the link is an operation transmission mechanism, the back door is opened and closed only by electric power. For this reason, it is difficult to manually open and close the back door, such as when the drive mechanism breaks down.Forcibly opening and closing the back door causes the motor shaft to rotate. There is a problem that it takes.

  Moreover, in the opening / closing device disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is possible to open and close the back door both electrically and manually by using an electromagnetic clutch. However, the electromagnetic clutch described above consumes electricity, It is necessary to configure an electric circuit, and it is also necessary to provide electric wiring. Further, since the torque capacity of the electromagnetic clutch is small, there is a problem that the size of the motor assembly is increased.

  Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and its object is to easily open and close the back door both electrically and manually, and without using an electromagnetic clutch. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicular back door opening / closing device that is simple and can reduce costs.

  As technical means for achieving the above object, the present invention relates to a vehicular back door opening and closing device for opening and closing a back door mounted on a rear opening of a vehicle body, wherein the back door opens and closes. A rotation drive mechanism disposed on the inner side of the vehicle body; and an operation transmission mechanism that connects the rotation drive mechanism and the back door to each other and opens and closes the back door by the rotational power of the rotation drive mechanism. A mechanical clutch is interposed between the mechanism and the operation transmission mechanism to transmit rotational torque to the output shaft when the rotary drive mechanism rotates and to allow the output shaft to idle when the rotary drive mechanism stops. To do.

  In addition, as the mechanical clutch, the input side rotating member and the output side rotating member are arranged so as to be rotatable forward and backward relative to the stationary side member, and can be engaged / disengaged between the input side rotating member and the output side rotating member. An input is performed by applying a frictional resistance to the cage with respect to the rotation of the cage with respect to the stationary side member through the relative rotation with respect to the input side rotation member by the cage holding the torque transmission member. It is preferable to use a structure in which engagement / disengagement of the torque transmission member is switched by controlling a rotational phase difference between the side rotation member and the cage.

  Also, the structure in which the mechanical clutch is incorporated into the rotational drive mechanism is a structure in which the mechanical clutch is built in the reduction gear of the rotational drive mechanism, or a structure in which the mechanical clutch is externally attached to the reduction gear of the rotational drive mechanism. Is desirable.

  In the vehicular back door opening / closing device according to the present invention, the rotational torque is transmitted between the rotation drive mechanism and the operation transmission mechanism to the output shaft when the rotation drive mechanism rotates, and the output shaft is idled when the rotation drive mechanism is stopped. By providing the mechanical clutch to enable, the back door can be opened and closed electrically by meshing the mechanical clutch by the power of the rotational drive mechanism, and the mechanical clutch meshing is eliminated by stopping the rotational drive mechanism. Therefore, the back door can be opened and closed manually without the back door opening and closing operation returning to the rotation drive mechanism. Thereby, the electric operation and the manual operation of the back door can be switched without an instruction to transmit an electric signal or the like. Further, since an electromagnetic clutch as in the prior art is not used, an electric circuit and wiring are not required without consuming electricity. Furthermore, since the mechanical clutch has a large torque capacity, the size of the motor assembly is also small.

  According to the present invention, between the rotation drive mechanism and the operation transmission mechanism, a mechanical clutch that transmits rotational torque to the output shaft when the rotation drive mechanism rotates, and makes the output shaft idle when the rotation drive mechanism is stopped. By interposing, the back door can be easily opened and closed both electrically and manually. Switching between the electric operation and the manual operation of the back door can be performed by rotating and stopping the rotation drive mechanism without an instruction to transmit an electric signal or the like.

  In addition, since the conventional electromagnetic clutch is not used, an electric circuit and wiring for operating the electromagnetic clutch are unnecessary, so that the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced, and further, no electricity is used. As a result, the load on the in-vehicle battery is reduced and energy efficiency is improved.

  Further, since the mechanical clutch has a larger torque capacity than the electromagnetic clutch, the size of the motor assembly is also reduced, and the rotation drive mechanism can be made compact. As a result, when the switchgear is installed on the side or ceiling of the vehicle body, the protrusion into the vehicle body chamber is reduced, and the degree of freedom in design is improved.

  An embodiment of a vehicle back door opening and closing device according to the present invention will be described in detail below. In the present invention, a mechanical clutch is disposed on the output side of the rotation drive mechanism, and an operation transmission mechanism such as a link mechanism (see the above-mentioned Patent Document 1), a winding drum and a wire (see the above-mentioned Patent Document 2), or the like. Thus, the mechanical clutch and the back door are connected to each other, and the rotational power of the rotational drive mechanism is connected and disconnected by the mechanical clutch, so that the back door is opened or closed electrically or manually.

  FIGS. 1A and 1B show a motor assembly including a mechanical clutch A. The mechanical clutch A is connected to an output shaft 2 of a motor 1 of a rotational drive mechanism via a reduction gear. The worm gear 3 serving as the speed reducer includes a worm 4 that is coaxially attached to the output shaft 2 of the motor 1 and a worm wheel that is the input outer ring 11a of the mechanical clutch A. The worm gear 3 is a housing 16a together with the mechanical clutch A. Is housed in.

  2 and 3, the mechanical clutch A includes an input outer ring 11a as an input side rotation member, an output inner ring 12a as an output side rotation member, a roller 13a as a torque transmission member, and the roller 13a. A retainer 14a to be held, a centering spring 15a as an elastic member for positioning the retainer 14a, a housing 16a as a stationary member, and a sliding frictional resistance acting on the retainer 14a against the rotation of the retainer 14a And a sliding spring 17a as rotation resistance applying means.

  On the inner peripheral surface of the input outer ring 11a described above, cam surfaces 18a in which wedge spaces m are formed symmetrically in both forward and reverse rotation directions are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction between the outer peripheral surface of the output inner ring 12a. . A tooth portion 19 that meshes with the worm 4 of the worm gear 3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the input outer ring 11a. A sliding spring 17a that is slidably mounted on the housing 16a has a shape that can engage with a protrusion 26a formed on the retainer 14a in the circumferential direction.

  FIGS. 4A and 4B show another embodiment of the present invention, which is a motor assembly with a mechanical clutch B attached thereto. In this embodiment, a structure is provided in which the mechanical clutch B is externally attached to the output shaft 2 of the motor 1 of the rotational drive mechanism via a speed reducer. The worm gear 3 serving as the speed reducer includes a worm 4 coaxially attached to the output shaft 2 of the motor 1 and a worm wheel 5 coaxially connected to an input outer ring 11b of a mechanical clutch. Is housed in. A mechanical clutch B is fixed to the casing 6 by bolting.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the mechanical clutch B includes an input outer ring 11b as an input side rotating member, an output inner ring 12b as an output side rotating member, a roller 13b as a torque transmitting member, and the roller 13b. A retainer 14b to be held, a centering spring 15b as an elastic member for positioning the retainer 14b, a housing 16b as a stationary member, and a sliding frictional resistance acting on the retainer 14b against the rotation of the retainer 14b. And a sliding spring 17b as rotation resistance applying means.

  On the inner peripheral surface of the input outer ring 11b described above, cam surfaces 18b in which wedge spaces m are formed symmetrically in both the forward and reverse rotational directions are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction between the outer peripheral surface of the output inner ring 12b. . The sliding spring 17a slidably mounted on the housing 16a has a shape that can engage with a protrusion (not shown) formed on the retainer 14a in the circumferential direction.

  The input outer ring 11b, the output inner ring 12b, the roller 13b, the retainer 14b, the centering spring 15b and the sliding spring 17b are accommodated in the housing 16b. The inner diameter of the input outer ring 11b extends in the axial direction. The end portion is coaxially connected to the shaft portion 20 of the worm wheel 5 of the worm gear 3.

  The output inner ring 12b is rotatably supported via a bearing 21 with respect to the housing 16b, its support end is extended in the axial direction, and its shaft end is connected to a link mechanism (not shown) via gears 22 and 23. (See FIG. 7), or connected to a take-up drum 25 (see FIG. 8) around which the wire 24 is wound. A back door is connected to the output side or the wire 24 of the link mechanism. In the case of the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 2, the inner diameter portion of the output inner ring 12a extends in the axial direction and is not shown in the same manner as in the embodiments of FIGS. 4 (a) and 5. A winding mechanism in which a link mechanism or a wire is wound is connected to the shaft end portion.

  Next, the opening / closing operation of the back door using the mechanical clutches A and B will be described in detail. In the following, the mechanical clutch A in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11, but the same applies to the mechanical clutch B in the embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6. Therefore, redundant description is omitted.

  In an initial state of the mechanical clutch A, that is, in a state where the motor 1 is not rotating, the roller 13a is moved to the cam surface 18a of the input outer ring 11a by the action of the centering spring 15a fitted to the input outer ring 11a and the cage 14a. It is held in a state located in the center in the circumferential direction (see FIG. 9). At this time, a gap n is set between the roller 13a and the input outer ring 11a. The cage 14a provides a frictional resistance with the housing 16a by a sliding spring 17a.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the motor 1 is not rotating, rotational torque (see arrow in the figure) acts on the output inner ring 12a from the link mechanism, the winding drum and the wire by manually opening and closing the back door. However, since the roller 13a held by the cage 14a positioned by the centering spring 15a continues to be positioned at the center in the circumferential direction of the wedge space m, there is a gap n between the roller 13a and the input outer ring 11a. The outer ring 11a and the output inner ring 12a are not engaged in the rotational direction, and the output inner ring 12a idles in both forward and reverse directions, and the rotational torque input to the output inner ring 12a is cut off without being transmitted to the input outer ring 11a. Therefore, when the back door is manually opened and closed, no rotational torque acts on the motor shaft, so that no force is required for opening and closing the back door.

  On the other hand, when the back door is opened / closed electrically, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, forward rotation torque or reverse rotation torque from the output shaft 2 of the motor 1 to the input outer ring 11a via the worm gear 3 (see arrows in the figure). As a result, the input outer ring 11a tries to rotate. At this time, since the retainer 14a is connected to the input outer ring 11a by the centering spring 15a, the retainer 14a starts rotating together with the input outer ring 11a. When the cage 14a rotates, the protrusion 26a of the cage 14a comes into contact with the sliding spring 17a, and the sliding spring 17a is rotated in this state. The sliding spring 17a receives a sliding frictional resistance with the housing 16a, and this sliding frictional resistance becomes a rotational resistance of the cage 14a through the protrusion 26a. Here, since the rotational resistance of the cage 14a due to the sliding frictional resistance of the sliding spring 17a is larger than the elastic force of the centering spring 15a, the centering spring 15a is elastically deformed, and the rotational phase difference is applied to the cage 14a accordingly. Due to the rotational phase difference, the roller 13a moves relative to the input outer ring 11a and engages with the wedge space m, and the rotational torque input to the input outer ring 11a is transmitted to the output inner ring 12a. As a result, the back door can be electrically opened and closed via the link mechanism, the winding drum and the wire connected to the shaft end of the output inner ring 12a.

  If the input outer ring 11a stops, the roller 13a is detached from the wedge space m by the restoring force of the centering spring 15a, and returns to the center in the circumferential direction of the cam surface 18a of the input outer ring 11a to be in an initial state. However, even if the input outer ring 11a is stopped, for example, when the residual torque acting on the roller 13a is large, the roller 13a may remain in the wedge space m. In such a case, the input outer ring 11a can be rotated in the opposite direction, and the roller 13a can be separated from the wedge space m, which is the initial state described above.

(A) is embodiment of the opening / closing apparatus of the back door for vehicles which concerns on this invention, sectional drawing which shows the motor assembly which equipped the mechanical clutch internally, (b) is a front view including the partial cross-section part of (a). is there. It is sectional drawing which shows the mechanical clutch of Fig.1 (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the mechanical clutch of FIG.1 (b). (A) is other embodiment of this invention, sectional drawing which shows the motor assembly which externally attached the mechanical clutch, (b) is a front view containing the partial cross-section part of (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the mechanical clutch of Fig.4 (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the mechanical clutch of FIG.4 (b). It is sectional drawing which shows the state which connected the gear to a link mechanism with the output inner ring | wheel of the mechanical clutch of Fig.4 (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the state which connected the winding drum which wound the wire to the output inner ring | wheel of the mechanical clutch of Fig.4 (a). FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which the motor is not rotating in the mechanical clutch shown in FIGS. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which a positive rotational torque is applied to an input outer ring in the mechanical clutch shown in FIGS. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which reverse rotation torque is applied to an input outer ring in the mechanical clutch of FIGS. 1B and 3.

Explanation of symbols

A, B Mechanical clutch 1 Rotation drive mechanism (motor)
3 Reducer (worm gear)
11a, 11b Input side rotating member (input outer ring)
12a, 12b Output side rotating member (output inner ring)
13a, 13b Torque transmission member (roller)
14a, 14b Cage 15a, 15b Elastic member (centering spring)
16a, 16b Stationary side member (housing)
17a, 17b Rotation resistance applying means (sliding spring)

Claims (4)

  A vehicular back door opening / closing device for opening and closing a back door mounted on a rear opening of a vehicle body, and a rotation driving mechanism disposed inside the vehicle body from a rear opening where the back door opens and closes. An operation transmission mechanism that connects the mechanism and the back door to each other and opens and closes the back door by the rotational power of the rotation drive mechanism, and the rotation drive mechanism is rotated between the rotation drive mechanism and the operation transmission mechanism. An opening / closing device for a vehicle back door, which is provided with a mechanical clutch that transmits rotational torque to an output shaft and makes the output shaft idle when the rotation drive mechanism is stopped.   In the mechanical clutch, an input side rotating member and an output side rotating member are arranged so as to be rotatable in forward and reverse directions with respect to a stationary side member, and torque transmission that can be engaged and disengaged between the input side rotating member and the output side rotating member. An input-side rotating member that causes a frictional resistance to act on the rotation of the cage with respect to the stationary-side member through relative rotation with respect to the input-side rotating member by a cage that holds the torque transmission member. The opening / closing device for a vehicle back door according to claim 1, wherein the engagement / disengagement of the torque transmission member is switched by controlling a rotational phase difference between the motor and the cage.   The opening / closing apparatus of the back door for vehicles of Claim 1 or 2 which incorporated the said mechanical clutch in the reduction gear of the rotational drive mechanism.   The opening / closing apparatus of the vehicle back door of Claim 1 or 2 which attached the said mechanical clutch externally to the reduction gear of a rotational drive mechanism.