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JP2004216663A - Method for preparing injection molding composition - Google Patents

Method for preparing injection molding composition Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004216663A
JP2004216663A JP2003005274A JP2003005274A JP2004216663A JP 2004216663 A JP2004216663 A JP 2004216663A JP 2003005274 A JP2003005274 A JP 2003005274A JP 2003005274 A JP2003005274 A JP 2003005274A JP 2004216663 A JP2004216663 A JP 2004216663A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
injection molding
kneading
raw material
material powder
paraffin wax
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2003005274A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kunihiko Suzuki
邦彦 鈴木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd
Priority to JP2003005274A priority Critical patent/JP2004216663A/en
Publication of JP2004216663A publication Critical patent/JP2004216663A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new method for manufacturing an injection molding composition excellent in injection moldability and uniformity. <P>SOLUTION: The method of preparing the injection molding composition uses a binder resin which contains a sintering powder consisting of a metal, an alloy and a ceramic powder and a binder containing at least polyethylene, a paraffin wax as a lubricant and a dispersant, wherein the paraffin wax and polyethylene are added in a weight ratio of 30/70 to 90/10, and comprises the steps of melting and mixing the binder resin and the praffin wax in a weight ratio of 30/70 to 70/30 in a prestage of kneading to prepare a polymer alloy, kneading the polymer alloy and part of the material powder divided in a weight ratio of (alloy/powder)=5/95 to 10/90 at a temperature higher than a melting point of the alloy, kneading after adding the remaining raw material powder and paraffin wax and kneading after adding the dispersant in the final stage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は金属もしくはセラミックス系の焼結製品を射出成形焼結法により製造する際に使用される射出成形用組成物の調整方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
射出成形焼結法は金属、合金、セラミックス粉末の中から選ばれた1種類以上の原料粉末と、融点の異なる数種のバインダーとを混練して得られる射出成形用組成物を所定形状の金型にて射出成形し、得られた成形体を加熱して脱バインダー処理した後に焼結処理を行うことにより焼結製品を製造する方法であり、特に三次元的に複雑な形状を呈する製品を入手する際に好適であるとして従来から広く利用されてきた。
【0003】
射出成形用組成物は従来、脱バインダー処理に2〜3日、早くても1日と、処理時間の長さが課題であったが、処理時間の短縮が可能な射出成形用組成物としては特開平11−140503に記載の、バインダーにポリアセタール樹脂、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂、パラフィンワックスと分散剤としてフタル酸エステルを使用した射出成形用組成物が知られている。
【特許文献1】特開平11−140503号公報
【0004】
射出成形用組成物の調整方法としては当所、原料粉末とバインダーとを同時に添加して混練処理を始める方法や、予めバインダーのみを完全に加熱溶融させたところに原料粉末を徐々に添加していきながら混練処理を進めていく方法等が採られていたが、低融点バインダー成分の揮発による射出成形時の流動性の低下を抑え、より短時間で均一化処理が可能な調整方法としては特開平5−125401に記載の、加熱した原料粉末と、添加する結合剤樹脂の中から選定された最も融点の高い結合剤樹脂とを順次混練し、結合材樹脂の添加が終った時点で滑剤、分散剤の順で添加し混練する方法が知られている。
【特許文献2】特開平5−125401号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、射出成形用組成物に用いられるバインダーは、射出成形時の流動性、及び成形体の形状保持に必要最低限の量が添加されるため、バインダーのみを分割して添加する従来公知の射出成形用組成物の調整方法は、結合剤樹脂溶融時に原料粉末に対するバインダー量が、混練機による十分なせん断効果が得られる粘度とするためには少なく、また結合剤樹脂はバインダー成分中最も融点、熱変形性が高く、且つ原料粉末との濡れ性が悪いため、短時間での溶融、分散が容易ではなく、得られる射出成形用組成物の組成が均一性に欠け、射出成形時の流動性が悪くなるため、焼結体としての製品寸法が安定しないという問題を引き起こしていた。
【0006】
本発明は上記の課題を解決し、金属、合金、セラミックス粉末の中から選ばれた1種類以上の原料粉末と、数種のバインダーとを混練して得る射出成形用組成物として、射出成形時の流動性が良く、得られる焼結体寸法の均一性に優れる射出成形用組成物の調整方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために本発明の第一の実施形態は、金属、合金、セラミックス粉末の中から選ばれた1種類以上の原料粉末と、数種のバインダーとを混練して射出成形用組成物を調整する方法に於いて、原料粉末に添加するバインダーが少なくともポリエチレンを含み、場合によってはさらに、ポリアセタール、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン−アクリレート共重合体、ポリスチレンから選ばれた少なくとも1つを含む結合剤樹脂と、滑剤としてのパラフィンワックスと、分散剤とからなると共に、パラフィンワックスとポリエチレンとは重量基準で30/70〜90/10の割合であり、上記の射出成形用組成物を調整する際に、先ず、結合剤樹脂とパラフィンワックスとを重量基準で30/70〜70/30の割合で溶融混合させたポリマーアロイを作製することによって射出成形用組成物としての混練物を調整することを特徴とする。
【0008】
また本発明の第二の実施形態は、金属、合金、セラミックス粉末の中から選ばれた1種類以上の原料粉末と、数種のバインダーとを混練して射出成形用組成物を調整する方法に於いて、前記ポリマーアロイと原料粉末とが重量基準で5/95〜10/90となるように分割した原料粉末の一部を、ポリマーアロイの融点を上回る温度へと加熱・攪拌した後、ポリマーアロイを添加して行きながら、原料粉末とポリマーアロイとを混練し、混練物の混練に必要とされるトルクの安定状態になった事を確認した後、残りの原料粉末とパラフィンワックスを添加し混練してポリマーアロイと同様な混練処理を重ね、混練処理の最後に分散剤を添加し混練することによって射出成形用組成物としての混練物を調整することを特徴とする。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に於いて使用される原料粉末は、各種の金属粉末、合金粉末、金属酸化物粉末、セラミックス粉末をもとに、最終製品の要求を満たすことのできる様、夫々単体もしく混合体の状態で利用されている。
【0010】
また原料粉末と併せて用いられるバインダーは、原料粉末を射出成形する際に円滑な作業が進められることを目的として原料粉末に混入されるものであって、その組成としては射出成形作業時に混練物が示す流動性に影響を与える滑剤と、射出成形された成形体の形状保持に影響を与える結合樹脂剤と、必要によって添加される分散剤とを組み合わせて利用されている。
【0011】
これらのバインダー成分は脱バインダー時の変形を防ぐ目的で、段階的な揮発が行われる様、融点の異なるものを組み合わせて用いられており、一般的に分散剤、滑剤、結合剤樹脂の順番で融点が高くなるものが用いられる。
【0012】
本発明で滑剤として使用するパラフィンワックスは、分子量、融点が共に低く、射出成形時における組成物の流動性ならびに脱バインダー性に寄与する成分であり、一般的には融点が35〜80℃のものが使用される。
【0013】
結合剤樹脂としては一般的に、熱可塑性樹脂であり、分子量、沸点、粘性の何れもが高いポリエチレン、ポリアセタール、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン−アクリレート共重合体、ポリスチレン等のポリマーが利用される。
【0014】
本発明では特に、パラフィンワックスと分子構造が似ていることから相溶性が良く、射出成形時の流動性に優れ、成形体表面に面引けと称する欠陥が生じにくいポリエチレンと、必要によってさらにポリエチレンを除いた前述のポリマー群から選択された結合剤樹脂が利用され、特にポリマーブレンド系の混和性に影響する溶解度指数がポリエチレンと接近している、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン等が用いられる。
【0015】
本発明で利用される上記の滑剤と結合樹脂剤とは、重量基準で20/80〜80/20の割合で利用され、特に、重量基準で25/75〜75/25の割合が好ましい割合とされている。
【0016】
バインダーの組成としては、原料粉末と結合剤樹脂との濡れ性を向上させて両者を混練物中に均一に分散させる目的から、必要によってさらに分散剤を使用することもあり、上記の分散剤としてはフタル酸エステルであるジブチルフタレートやジオクチルフタレートが利用され、その添加割合はバインダーの合計量100重量部に対して0.1〜20重量部で利用されている。
【0017】
フタル酸エステルは常温で液体であり、バインダー中の結合材樹脂やパラフィンワックスとの相溶性に優れるばかりでなく、分子中のエステル結合の存在により、焼結用粉末との親和性にも優れており、このフタル酸エステルが焼結用粉末とバインダーとの橋渡し的役割を果たし、その結果として分散性や金型との離型性が改善される。
【0018】
なお、原料粉末に対するバインダーの配合割合は原料粉末75〜95重量%に対してバインダー25〜5重量%の割合で利用される。
【0019】
本発明に於いて、少なくともポリエチレンを含む結合剤樹脂とパラフィンワックスとを予め溶融混合し、ポリマーアロイを作製しているのは、結合剤樹脂の粒自体が無数の分子鎖によって構成されており、原料粉末と混合する場合にはこれらの分子鎖を一つ一つ分離した後に原料粉末の個々の粒子に被覆されて初めて均一な混練処理を可能にするものであって、単に結合剤樹脂を溶融させても原料粉末と結合剤樹脂とが均一に混ざり難くなると共に、原料粉末の粒子表面への結合剤樹脂被覆も均一性を欠き易くなり、射出成形用組成物の組成、及び射出成形時の流動性に均一性を欠く様になってくるため、これらの問題を解決するための手段として、混練の前段階で添加するパラフィンワックスの全量または一部と、パラフィンワックスとの相溶性が良いポリエチレンを少なくとも含む結合剤樹脂の添加する全量とを、パラフィンワックスとポリエチレンの相溶作用により混練機による十分なせん断効果が得られる粘度とし、残る結合剤樹脂と共に溶融混合を行い、結合剤樹脂の各々の分子鎖を機械的に分断しアロイ化することにより、組成の均一性に富み、溶融が容易で、原料粉末への濡れ性も改善されるポリマーアロイとし、射出成形用組成物としての組成の均一化を図ることを目的としている。
【0020】
なおポリマーアロイ作製に於いて、パラフィンワックスの含有量が30重量
%未満では、結合剤樹脂の量が多く溶融混合が困難であるため、均一なアロイ化物を作製することができず、他方70重量%を超えると相対的にバインダーに占めるパラフィンワックスの比率が高くなり、射出成形体が脆くなるため、本発明ではポリマアロイ作製時におけるパラフィンワックスの添加量を30〜70重量%と限定した。
【0021】
また結合剤樹脂の一つとして添加されるポリエチレン等の含有量が、パラフィンワックスとポリエチレンとの合計量100重量部に対して10重量部未満では、ポリマーアロイの作製時においてパラフィンワックスとの相溶作用により他の結合剤樹脂の分子鎖を機械的に分断するための粘度とすることができず、他方70重量部を越えると相対的にバインダーに占める結合剤樹脂の量が過剰となり、射出成形時の流動性が低くなると共に、上述の如くポリマーアロイの作製が困難になるため、本発明ではパラフィンワックスとポリエチレン等との添加量を、重量基準で30/70〜90/10の割合と限定した。
【0022】
本発明に於いて、混練当初から投入する原料粉末、バインダーの全てを混練機へと投入せず、添加するポリマーアロイの量に応じて分割した原料粉末の一部とポリマーアロイのみとしているのは、滑剤、分散剤の添加による混練物の粘度の低下を防ぎ、バインダー量が混練機による十分なせん断効果を得るために適した量として、混練物に高い混練効果を与え、射出成形時の流動性の向上を図るためである。
【0023】
なお混練当初に投入する原料粉末の量が、添加するポリマーアロイの全量と原料粉末との合計量100重量部に対して90重量部未満では、原料粉末に対するバインダーの量が過剰となり、粘度が著しく低く十分な混練効果が得られず、他方95重量部を超えると原料粉末に対するバインダーの量が不足し、原料粉末に均一な被覆がなされず、混練機による十分な混練効果が得られないため、本発明では混練当初に投入する原料粉末の量を添加するポリマーアロイの全量と原料粉末との合計量100重量部に対して90〜95重量部となる量と限定した。
【0024】
【実施例】
実施例1
180℃に加熱した混練機に、融点が120℃であるポリエチレンと、融点が155℃であるポリプロピレンと、融点が55℃であるパラフィンワックスとを重量基準で1:1:2の割合で投入して2時間溶融混合を行った後、40°Cまで冷却し、回収することによりポリマーアロイを作製した後、ポリマーアロイ0.48kgとの合計量100重量部に対して92重量部となるように分割した平均粒径10μmのSUS316粉末5.52kgを投入して150°Cに加熱した混練機に、ポリマーアロイを0.48kg添加し、混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、パラフィンワックス0.28kgと、残りのSUS316粉末3.68kgを投入し、混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、ジプチルフタレート0.04kgを添加して、さらに20分間の混練処理を行い、40°Cまで冷却し、回収した混練物を粉砕処理して射出成形用組成物を調整した。次いでフローテスターを用い、押出温度を130°C、押出圧力を30kgf/cmとした場合に於ける射出成形用組成物の粘度としてのメルトフローレート(MFR)を測定し、さらに上記の射出成形用組成物を用いて厚さが8mmであり、幅が14mmであり、長さが16mmである直方体形状の成形体を50個連続して射出成形し、得られた成形体を脱バインダーした後、焼結して、得られた焼結体の重量と形状寸法の変動状況を調査した結果、MFRは194g/10minであり、製品重量についての標準偏差は0.0074であり、厚さについての標準偏差は0.0063であり、幅についての標準偏差は0.0085であり、長さについての標準偏差は0.0052であって品質の安定した状態であることが確認された。
【0025】
実施例2
200°Cに加熱した混練機に、融点が110°Cであるポリエチレンと、融点が165°Cであるポリアセタールと、融点が180°Cであるポリスチレンと、融点が65°Cであるパラフィンワックスとを重量基準で3:2:1:6の割合で投入して2時間溶融混合を行った後、40°Cまで冷却し、回収することによりポリマーアロイを作製した後、ポリマーアロイ0.42kgとの合計量100重量部に対して93重量部となるように分割した平均粒径5μmの鉄粉5.58kgを投入して160°Cに加熱した混練機に、ポリマーアロイを0.42kg添加し、混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、パラフィンワックス0.21kgと、残りの鉄粉3.72kgを投入し、混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、ジプチルフタレート0.07kgを添加した以降は実施例1と同様な混練処理、及び調整した射出成形用組成物についての調査を行った結果、MFRは182g/10minであり、製品重量についての標準偏差は0.0082であり、厚さについての標準偏差は0.0068であり、幅についての標準偏差は0.0095であり、長さについての標準偏差は0.0074であって品質の安定した状態であることが確認された。
【0026】
比較例1
平均粒径10μmのSUS316粉末9.2kgを投入して180°Cに加熱した混練機に、融点が155°Cであるポリプロピレン0.12kgを添加し混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、融点が120℃のポリエチレン0.12kgを添加し混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、融点が55°Cであるパラフィンワックス0.52kgを添加し混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、ジプチルフタレート0.04kgを添加した以降は実施例1と同様な混練処理、及び調整した射出成形用組成物についての調査を行った結果、MFRは75g/10minであり、製品重量についての標準偏差は0.0176であり、厚さについての標準偏差は0.0151であり、幅についての標準偏差は0.0169であり、長さについての標準偏差は0.0166であってバラツキが大きい状態を示し、製品品質の安定さに欠ける状態であることが確認された。
【0027】
比較例2
180°Cに加熱した混練機に、融点が120°Cであるポリエチレンと、融点が155°Cであるポリプロピレンと、融点が55°Cであるパラフィンワックスとを重量基準で2:2:1の割合で投入した以降は実施例1と同様な処理を行いポリマーアロイを作製した後、ポリマーアロイ0.3kgとの合計量100重量部に対して92重量部となるように分割した平均粒径10μmのSUS316粉末3.45kgを投入して150°Cに加熱した混練機に、ポリマーアロイを0.3kg添加し、混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、パラフィンワックス0.46kgと、残りのSUS316L粉末5.75kgを投入し、混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、ジプチルフタレート0.04kgを添加した以降は実施例1と同様な混練処理、及び調整した射出成形用組成物についての調査を行った結果、MFRは134g/10minであり、製品重量についての標準偏差は0.0135であり、厚さについての標準偏差は0.0125であり、幅についての標準偏差は0.0136であり、長さについての標準偏差は0.0120であってバラツキが大きい状態を示し、製品品質の安定さに欠ける状態であることが確認された。
【0028】
比較例3
平均粒径5μmの鉄粉9.3kgを投入して200°Cに加熱した混練機に、融点が180°Cであるポリスチレン0.035kgを添加し混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、融点が165°Cのポリアセタール0.07kgを添加し混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、融点が110°Cのポリエチレン0.105kgを添加し混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、融点が65°Cであるパラフィンワックス0.42kgを添加し混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、ジプチルフタレート0.07kgを添加した以降は実施例2と同様な混練処理、及び調整した射出成形用組成物についての調査を行った結果、MFRは20g/10minであり、製品重量についての標準偏差は0.0218であり、厚さについての標準偏差は0.0167であり、幅についての標準偏差は0.0178であり、長さについての標準偏差は0.0177であってバラツキが大きい状態を示し、製品品質の安定さに欠ける状態であることが確認された。
【0029】
比較例4
平均粒径5μmの鉄粉9.3kgを投入して200°Cに加熱した混練機に、実施例2と同様にして作製したポリマーアロイ0.42kgを添加して、混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、パラフィンワックス0.21kgを添加し、混練物が均一な状態となるまで混練した後、ジプチルフタレート0.07kgを添加した以降は実施例2と同様な混練処理、及び調整した射出成形用組成物についての調査を行った結果、MFRは138g/10minであり、製品重量についての標準偏差は0.0099であり、厚さについての標準偏差は0.0097であり、幅についての標準偏差は0.0097であり、長さについての標準偏差は0.0095であってバラツキが大きい状態を示し、製品品質の安定さに欠ける状態であることが確認された。
【0030】
以上の結果をまとめて表1に示す。
【0031】
【表1】

Figure 2004216663
【0032】
本発明の実施による時は、表1に示した測定結果に見る如く、品質の安定した射出成形焼結製品を市場に供給出来ることが明らかになった。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
上述の如く、本発明に関わる射出成形用組成物の調整方法によって得られた射出成形用組成物は、従来公知の射出成形用組成物の調整方法によって得られた射出成形用組成物と比べて射出成形時の流動性に優れるため、焼結体寸法の均一性に優れる製品を製造することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for preparing an injection molding composition used when producing a metal or ceramics-based sintered product by an injection molding sintering method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Injection molding sintering is a method for kneading an injection molding composition obtained by kneading at least one kind of raw material powder selected from metals, alloys and ceramic powders with several kinds of binders having different melting points. This is a method of manufacturing a sintered product by injection molding with a mold, heating the obtained molded body, debinding treatment, and then performing sintering processing.Especially for products that have complicated three-dimensional shapes It has been widely used in the past as suitable for obtaining.
[0003]
Conventionally, the composition for injection molding has had a problem of a long processing time of 2 to 3 days for binder removal treatment, and at most one day at the earliest, but as an injection molding composition capable of shortening the processing time, JP-A-11-140503 discloses an injection molding composition using a polyacetal resin, a modified polyolefin resin, a paraffin wax and a phthalate as a dispersant as a binder.
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-11-140503
As a method of adjusting the composition for injection molding, the method of starting the kneading process by simultaneously adding the raw material powder and the binder, or gradually adding the raw material powder to the place where only the binder is completely heated and melted in advance Although a method of proceeding the kneading process while adopting the method has been adopted, as an adjustment method capable of suppressing a decrease in fluidity at the time of injection molding due to volatilization of a low melting point binder component and performing a homogenizing process in a shorter time, there is disclosed in 5-125401, the heated raw material powder and the binder resin having the highest melting point selected from the binder resins to be added are sequentially kneaded, and the lubricant and the dispersion are added when the addition of the binder resin is completed. A method of adding and kneading the components in the order of the agents is known.
[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-125401
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the binder used in the composition for injection molding is added in a minimum amount necessary for fluidity during injection molding and for maintaining the shape of the molded article, a conventionally known injection method in which only the binder is added in portions is added. The method of adjusting the molding composition is such that the binder amount to the raw material powder when the binder resin is melted is small in order to obtain a viscosity at which a sufficient shearing effect can be obtained by the kneader, and the binder resin has the highest melting point in the binder component, Due to high heat deformability and poor wettability with raw material powder, it is not easy to melt and disperse in a short time, the composition of the obtained injection molding composition lacks uniformity, and the fluidity during injection molding This causes a problem that product dimensions as a sintered body are not stable.
[0006]
The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides an injection molding composition obtained by kneading one or more kinds of raw material powders selected from metals, alloys, and ceramic powders with several kinds of binders. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a composition for injection molding, which has good fluidity and excellent uniformity of the obtained sintered body dimensions.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a composition for injection molding by kneading at least one kind of raw material powder selected from metals, alloys, and ceramic powders and several kinds of binders. In the method of adjusting the product, the binder added to the raw material powder contains at least polyethylene, and in some cases, is further selected from polyacetal, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylate copolymer, and polystyrene. It is composed of a binder resin containing at least one, a paraffin wax as a lubricant, and a dispersant, and the ratio of the paraffin wax to the polyethylene is 30/70 to 90/10 by weight, and In preparing the composition, first, the binder resin and the paraffin wax are mixed in a weight ratio of 30/70 to 70/70. And adjusting the kneaded product as injection molding composition by at a rate of 0 to prepare a polymer alloy obtained by melt-mixing.
[0008]
The second embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for preparing an injection molding composition by kneading at least one kind of raw material powder selected from metals, alloys, and ceramic powders and several kinds of binders. A part of the raw material powder obtained by dividing the polymer alloy and the raw material powder so that the weight ratio is 5/95 to 10/90 is heated and stirred to a temperature higher than the melting point of the polymer alloy. While adding the alloy, the raw material powder and the polymer alloy were kneaded, and after confirming that the torque required for kneading the kneaded material was in a stable state, the remaining raw material powder and paraffin wax were added. It is characterized by kneading, repeating the same kneading treatment as for the polymer alloy, and adding a dispersant at the end of the kneading treatment and kneading to adjust a kneaded product as an injection molding composition.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The raw material powder used in the present invention is based on various metal powders, alloy powders, metal oxide powders, and ceramic powders, and can be used alone or in a mixture so as to satisfy the requirements of the final product. Used in state.
[0010]
The binder used in combination with the raw material powder is mixed with the raw material powder for the purpose of facilitating the operation when the raw material powder is injection-molded. Are used in combination with a lubricant that affects the fluidity, a binder resin that affects the shape retention of an injection-molded article, and a dispersant that is added as necessary.
[0011]
These binder components are used in combination with those having different melting points so as to perform stepwise volatilization for the purpose of preventing deformation at the time of debinding, and are generally used in the order of dispersant, lubricant, and binder resin. Those having a high melting point are used.
[0012]
Paraffin wax used as a lubricant in the present invention has a low molecular weight and a low melting point, and is a component that contributes to the fluidity and debinding of the composition during injection molding, and generally has a melting point of 35 to 80 ° C. Is used.
[0013]
The binder resin is generally a thermoplastic resin, and has a high molecular weight, a high boiling point and a high viscosity, and polymers such as polyethylene, polyacetal, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylate copolymer, and polystyrene. Is used.
[0014]
In the present invention, in particular, since the molecular structure is similar to that of paraffin wax, the compatibility is good, the flowability at the time of injection molding is excellent, and the polyethylene is less likely to cause a defect called surface shrinkage on the surface of the molded product. A binder resin selected from the above-mentioned polymer group excluding the above-mentioned polymer group is used, and in particular, polypropylene, polystyrene and the like, whose solubility index affecting the miscibility of the polymer blend system is close to that of polyethylene, are used.
[0015]
The lubricant and the binder resin used in the present invention are used in a ratio of 20/80 to 80/20 on a weight basis, and a ratio of 25/75 to 75/25 on a weight basis is particularly preferable. Have been.
[0016]
As the composition of the binder, for the purpose of improving the wettability of the raw material powder and the binder resin and dispersing both uniformly in the kneaded material, a dispersant may be further used as necessary, and as the dispersant described above, Is a phthalic acid ester such as dibutyl phthalate or dioctyl phthalate, and the addition ratio is 0.1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the binder.
[0017]
Phthalates are liquid at room temperature and have excellent compatibility not only with binder resin and paraffin wax in the binder but also with sintering powder due to the presence of ester bonds in the molecule. The phthalic acid ester plays a bridging role between the sintering powder and the binder, and as a result, the dispersibility and the releasability from the mold are improved.
[0018]
The blending ratio of the binder to the raw material powder is used in a ratio of 25 to 5% by weight of the binder to 75 to 95% by weight of the raw material powder.
[0019]
In the present invention, the binder resin containing at least polyethylene and paraffin wax are previously melt-mixed to produce a polymer alloy, because the binder resin particles themselves are constituted by innumerable molecular chains, In the case of mixing with the raw material powder, uniform kneading is only possible after separating these molecular chains one by one and then coating the individual particles of the raw material powder. Even when the raw material powder and the binder resin are difficult to mix uniformly, the binder resin coating on the particle surface of the raw material powder also tends to lack uniformity, the composition of the injection molding composition, and the time of injection molding. Since the fluidity becomes less uniform, as a means for solving these problems, the total amount or a part of the paraffin wax added at the stage before kneading and the paraffin wax are mixed. The total amount of the binder resin containing at least polyethylene having good solubility is adjusted to a viscosity at which a sufficient shearing effect can be obtained by the kneading machine by the compatibility of the paraffin wax and the polyethylene, and the remaining binder resin is melt-mixed together with the binder resin to form a binder. Injection molding composition with a polymer alloy that is rich in uniformity of composition, easy to melt, and has improved wettability to raw material powder by mechanically dividing and alloying each molecular chain of the resin The aim is to make the composition uniform.
[0020]
In the preparation of a polymer alloy, if the content of paraffin wax is less than 30% by weight, the amount of the binder resin is too large to be melt-mixed, so that it is not possible to produce a uniform alloy, and on the other hand 70% by weight. %, The proportion of the paraffin wax in the binder becomes relatively high and the injection molded article becomes brittle. Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of the paraffin wax added at the time of producing the polymer alloy is limited to 30 to 70% by weight.
[0021]
If the content of polyethylene or the like added as one of the binder resins is less than 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of paraffin wax and polyethylene, the compatibility with paraffin wax at the time of producing the polymer alloy is made. The viscosity of the binder resin cannot be adjusted to mechanically break the molecular chains of the other binder resin by the action. On the other hand, if it exceeds 70 parts by weight, the amount of the binder resin occupying relatively in the binder becomes excessive, and the injection molding is performed. In this invention, the addition amount of paraffin wax and polyethylene is limited to a ratio of 30/70 to 90/10 on a weight basis, because the flowability at the time becomes low and the production of the polymer alloy becomes difficult as described above. did.
[0022]
In the present invention, the raw material powder to be charged from the beginning of kneading, do not put all of the binder into the kneader, and only a part of the raw material powder and the polymer alloy divided according to the amount of the polymer alloy to be added, , A lubricant, preventing the viscosity of the kneaded material from decreasing due to the addition of the dispersing agent, as a binder amount suitable for obtaining a sufficient shearing effect by the kneading machine, giving a high kneading effect to the kneaded material, and a flow during injection molding. This is to improve the performance.
[0023]
If the amount of the raw material powder to be added at the beginning of kneading is less than 90 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the polymer alloy to be added and the total amount of the raw material powder, the amount of the binder with respect to the raw material powder becomes excessive, and the viscosity becomes remarkable. A low and sufficient kneading effect cannot be obtained, while if it exceeds 95 parts by weight, the amount of the binder to the raw material powder is insufficient, the raw material powder is not uniformly coated, and the sufficient kneading effect by the kneader cannot be obtained, In the present invention, the amount of the raw material powder to be charged at the beginning of kneading is limited to 90 to 95 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the added polymer alloy and the raw material powder.
[0024]
【Example】
Example 1
A polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ° C., a polypropylene having a melting point of 155 ° C., and a paraffin wax having a melting point of 55 ° C. are put into a kneader heated to 180 ° C. in a ratio of 1: 1: 2 on a weight basis. After melt-mixing for 2 hours, the mixture was cooled to 40 ° C. and collected to prepare a polymer alloy, and the total amount was 92 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of 0.48 kg of the polymer alloy. After adding 5.52 kg of the divided SUS316 powder having an average particle size of 10 μm and heating the mixture to 150 ° C., 0.48 kg of the polymer alloy was added and kneaded until the kneaded product became a uniform state. 0.28 kg and the remaining 3.68 kg of SUS316 powder were charged and kneaded until the kneaded material became a uniform state, and then 0.04 kg of dibutyl phthalate was added. Pressurized to further perform kneading treatment for 20 minutes, cooled to 40 ° C, to prepare a injection molding composition The collected kneaded product pulverized to. Then, using a flow tester, the melt flow rate (MFR) as the viscosity of the composition for injection molding was measured at an extrusion temperature of 130 ° C. and an extrusion pressure of 30 kgf / cm 2 , and the above-mentioned injection molding was performed. After the injection molding of 50 pieces of rectangular parallelepiped shaped body having a thickness of 8 mm, a width of 14 mm, and a length of 16 mm using the composition for use, and debinding the obtained molded body, As a result of investigating the variation of the weight and the shape and dimensions of the obtained sintered body, the MFR was 194 g / 10 min, the standard deviation about the product weight was 0.0074, and the thickness The standard deviation was 0.0063, the standard deviation for the width was 0.0085, and the standard deviation for the length was 0.0052, confirming that the quality was stable.
[0025]
Example 2
In a kneader heated to 200 ° C., polyethylene having a melting point of 110 ° C., polyacetal having a melting point of 165 ° C., polystyrene having a melting point of 180 ° C., and paraffin wax having a melting point of 65 ° C. Was added at a ratio of 3: 2: 1: 6 on a weight basis, and the mixture was melt-mixed for 2 hours, cooled to 40 ° C. and collected to prepare a polymer alloy. 5.52 kg of iron powder having an average particle size of 5 μm, which was divided so as to be 93 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight in total, was added to a kneader heated to 160 ° C. and 0.42 kg of a polymer alloy was added. After kneading until the kneaded material becomes uniform, 0.21 kg of paraffin wax and 3.72 kg of the remaining iron powder are added, and the mixture is kneaded until the kneaded material is uniform, and then the diptyl lid is added. After the addition of 0.07 kg of the rate, the same kneading treatment as in Example 1 was carried out, and the adjusted injection molding composition was examined. As a result, the MFR was 182 g / 10 min, and the standard deviation for the product weight was 0. 0.0082, the standard deviation for the thickness is 0.0068, the standard deviation for the width is 0.0095, the standard deviation for the length is 0.0074, and the quality is stable. It was confirmed that.
[0026]
Comparative Example 1
0.12 kg of polypropylene having a melting point of 155 ° C. was added to a kneading machine heated to 180 ° C. after adding 9.2 kg of SUS316 powder having an average particle diameter of 10 μm, and kneading until the kneaded product became a uniform state. After adding 0.12 kg of polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ° C. and kneading until the kneaded material becomes uniform, add 0.52 kg of paraffin wax having a melting point of 55 ° C. until the kneaded material becomes uniform. After kneading, after adding 0.04 kg of dibutyl phthalate, the same kneading treatment as in Example 1 was carried out, and the adjusted injection molding composition was examined. As a result, the MFR was 75 g / 10 min, and the product weight was 75%. The standard deviation for the thickness is 0.0176, the standard deviation for the thickness is 0.0151, the standard deviation for the width is 0.0169, The standard deviation of the stomach shows a state variation a 0.0166 is large, it is a state in which less stable of product quality was confirmed.
[0027]
Comparative Example 2
In a kneader heated to 180 ° C., polyethylene having a melting point of 120 ° C., polypropylene having a melting point of 155 ° C., and paraffin wax having a melting point of 55 ° C. were mixed in a weight ratio of 2: 2: 1. After being charged at the same ratio, the same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out to produce a polymer alloy, and then an average particle diameter of 10 μm divided so as to be 92 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight in total of 0.3 kg of the polymer alloy. 3.45 kg of SUS316 powder was added, and 0.3 kg of the polymer alloy was added to a kneader heated to 150 ° C. and kneaded until the kneaded product became uniform, and then 0.46 kg of paraffin wax and the remaining 5.75 kg of SUS316L powder was added and kneaded until the kneaded product became a uniform state, and then the same as in Example 1 after adding 0.04 kg of dibutyl phthalate. As a result of the kneading treatment and the investigation on the adjusted injection molding composition, the MFR was 134 g / 10 min, the standard deviation for the product weight was 0.0135, and the standard deviation for the thickness was 0.0125. The standard deviation for the width was 0.0136, and the standard deviation for the length was 0.0120, indicating a state of large variation, and it was confirmed that the state lacked stability of product quality. .
[0028]
Comparative Example 3
0.035 kg of polystyrene having a melting point of 180 ° C. was added to a kneader heated to 200 ° C. after adding 9.3 kg of iron powder having an average particle size of 5 μm and kneading until the kneaded product became a uniform state. After adding 0.07 kg of polyacetal having a melting point of 165 ° C. and kneading until the kneaded material is uniform, adding 0.105 kg of polyethylene having a melting point of 110 ° C. and kneading until the kneaded material is uniform After that, 0.42 kg of paraffin wax having a melting point of 65 ° C. was added and kneaded until the kneaded product became a uniform state, and then kneading treatment similar to that of Example 2 was performed after adding 0.07 kg of dibutyl phthalate. As a result of investigating the adjusted injection molding composition, the MFR was 20 g / 10 min, the standard deviation for the product weight was 0.0218, and the thickness was The standard deviation is 0.0167, the standard deviation for the width is 0.0178, and the standard deviation for the length is 0.0177, indicating a state with large variations, and a state where the stability of the product quality is lacking. It was confirmed that there was.
[0029]
Comparative Example 4
0.42 kg of a polymer alloy prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 was added to a kneader to which 9.3 kg of iron powder having an average particle size of 5 μm was added and heated to 200 ° C. After kneading, the mixture was kneaded until 0.21 kg of paraffin wax was added and kneaded until the kneaded material became uniform. After kneading 0.07 kg of dibutyl phthalate, the same kneading treatment and adjustment as in Example 2 were performed. As a result of investigating the obtained composition for injection molding, the MFR was 138 g / 10 min, the standard deviation for the product weight was 0.0099, the standard deviation for the thickness was 0.0097, and the width was The standard deviation of the length is 0.0097, and the standard deviation of the length is 0.0095, which indicates that there is a large variation and that the product quality is not stable. It has been certified.
[0030]
Table 1 summarizes the above results.
[0031]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004216663
[0032]
According to the practice of the present invention, as shown in the measurement results shown in Table 1, it was revealed that injection-molded sintered products having stable quality can be supplied to the market.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the injection molding composition obtained by the method for preparing an injection molding composition according to the present invention is compared with an injection molding composition obtained by a conventionally known method for preparing an injection molding composition. Since the fluidity during injection molding is excellent, it is possible to produce a product having excellent uniformity in the size of the sintered body.

Claims (4)

金属、合金、セラミックス粉末の中から選ばれた1種類以上の原料粉末と、数種のバインダーとを混練して射出成形用組成物を調整する方法に於いて、原料粉末に添加するバインダーが少なくともポリエチレンを含む結合剤樹脂と、滑剤としてのパラフィンワックスと、分散剤からなると共に、パラフィンワックスとポリエチレンが重量基準で30/70〜90/10の割合であり、上記の射出成形用組成物を調整する際に、先ず、結合剤樹脂とパラフィンワックスとを重量基準で30/70〜70/30の割合で溶融混合させたポリマーアロイを作製することによって射出成形用組成物としての混練物を調整することを特徴とする射出成形用組成物の調整方法。In a method of preparing an injection molding composition by kneading one or more kinds of raw material powders selected from metals, alloys, and ceramic powders and several kinds of binders, at least a binder added to the raw material powders is used. A binder resin containing polyethylene, a paraffin wax as a lubricant, and a dispersing agent. The paraffin wax and the polyethylene are in a ratio of 30/70 to 90/10 by weight, and the composition for injection molding is prepared. At this time, first, a kneaded material as an injection molding composition is prepared by preparing a polymer alloy in which a binder resin and paraffin wax are melt-mixed at a ratio of 30/70 to 70/30 on a weight basis. A method for preparing a composition for injection molding, comprising: 金属、合金、セラミックス粉末の中から選ばれた1種類以上の原料粉末と、数種のバインダーとを混練して射出成形用組成物を調整する方法に於いて、前記ポリマーアロイと原料粉末とが重量基準で5/95〜10/90となるように分割した原料粉末の一部を、ポリマーアロイの融点を上回る温度へと加熱・攪拌した後、ポリマーアロイを添加して行きながら原料粉末とポリマーアロイとを混練し、混練物の混練に必要とされるトルクの安定状態になった事を確認した後、残りの原料粉末とパラフィンワックスを添加し混練してポリマーアロイと同様な混練処理を重ね、混練処理の最後に分散剤を添加し混練することによって射出成形用組成物としての混練物を調整することを特徴とする射出成形用組成物の調整方法。In a method of adjusting a composition for injection molding by kneading at least one kind of raw material powder selected from metals, alloys, and ceramic powders and several kinds of binders, the polymer alloy and the raw material powder are mixed. After heating and stirring a part of the raw material powder divided into 5/95 to 10/90 on a weight basis to a temperature higher than the melting point of the polymer alloy, the raw material powder and the polymer are added while the polymer alloy is added. After kneading the alloy and confirming that the torque required for kneading the kneaded material has reached a stable state, the remaining raw material powder and paraffin wax are added and kneaded, and the same kneading treatment as for the polymer alloy is repeated. A method for preparing a composition for injection molding, wherein a kneaded product as an injection molding composition is prepared by adding and kneading a dispersant at the end of the kneading treatment. 請求項1または2に記載の射出成形用組成物の調整方法において、前記バインダーが分散剤を含むことを特徴とする射出成形用組成物の調整方法。3. The method for preparing an injection molding composition according to claim 1, wherein the binder contains a dispersant. 請求項3に記載の射出成形用組成物の調整方法において、前記分散剤がフタル酸エステルであることを特徴とする射出成形用組成物の調整方法。The method for preparing an injection molding composition according to claim 3, wherein the dispersant is a phthalic acid ester.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2098495A3 (en) * 2008-03-05 2010-06-16 Seiko Epson Corporation Method of manufacturing translucent ceramic and orthodontic member
CN115894046A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-04-04 福建华清电子材料科技有限公司 Method for preparing aluminum nitride ceramic by injection molding
CN116482342A (en) * 2023-04-17 2023-07-25 攀钢集团重庆钒钛科技有限公司 Method for detecting application performance of titanium dioxide in HIPS injection molding system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2098495A3 (en) * 2008-03-05 2010-06-16 Seiko Epson Corporation Method of manufacturing translucent ceramic and orthodontic member
US8420006B2 (en) 2008-03-05 2013-04-16 Seiko Epson Corporation Method of manufacturing translucent ceramic and orthodontic member
CN115894046A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-04-04 福建华清电子材料科技有限公司 Method for preparing aluminum nitride ceramic by injection molding
CN116482342A (en) * 2023-04-17 2023-07-25 攀钢集团重庆钒钛科技有限公司 Method for detecting application performance of titanium dioxide in HIPS injection molding system
CN116482342B (en) * 2023-04-17 2024-03-19 攀钢集团重庆钒钛科技有限公司 Method for detecting application performance of titanium dioxide in HIPS injection molding system

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