JP2004288617A - High-pressure discharge lamp and lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-pressure discharge lamp of white light emission which is superior in various luminous characteristics such as efficiency, correlated color temperature, color rendering properties, service life and unremarkable change in the correlated color temperature and chromaticity caused by a lighting direction, by controlling a luminous metal material and its filling percentage, and a lighting system with the discharge lamp mounted. <P>SOLUTION: The high-pressure discharge lamp L1 includes a light-emitting tube 1A with electrodes 2A, 2B and a discharge medium filled, and an outer tube 5 with the light-emitting tube 1A arranged inside through a pair of electric power supply members 4A, 4B, wherein metal halide filled in the light-emitting tube 1A consists of Na, Tl, In, Tm and Ce or Pr which is a rare-earth metal. It is constituted so that a ratio of filled weight of each halide to a total filled amount M of these metal halide may be controlled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp in which a halide containing a rare earth metal is sealed in an arc tube, and an illumination device using the discharge lamp.

  High-pressure discharge lamps, for example, metal halide lamps, are widely used as light sources for optical devices such as overhead projectors and liquid crystal projectors, as well as for illumination of stores and vehicles, as well as for wide-area illumination of roads, plazas and stadiums. .

  A metal halide lamp is a discharge lamp in which a metal halide, mercury, and a rare gas are sealed in an arc tube, and uses a spectral line of sealed metal atoms and emission of a molecular spectrum of the metal halide to emit light in comparison with a mercury lamp. It is a lamp that can obtain high luminous efficiency, correlated color temperature and color rendering.

  As a luminescent metal of this metal halide lamp, in addition to Hg, metals such as Na, In, Tl, Li, and Cs or rare earth metals such as Dy, Ho, Tm, Sc, Nd, and Ce can be used as halides such as iodine and bromine. It is sealed in an arc tube and is configured to exhibit high emission characteristics.

  However, for example, even if a high luminous efficiency is obtained, other luminous characteristics are low, or conversely, other luminous characteristics such as color rendering are high but the efficiency is low, or the efficiency varies depending on the lighting direction of the lamp. It has been difficult to obtain a discharge lamp exhibiting excellent values for a plurality of characteristics such as efficiency, color rendering, and life.

  Recently, metal halide lamps that have been reduced in size, have excellent light emitting characteristics such as high efficiency and color rendering properties, and have a long service life have emerged.

For example, a metal halide containing a rare earth metal halide and sodium halide is added to an arc tube made of a translucent ceramic container in an amount such that the weight ratio of sodium halide to the rare earth metal halide is 10 to 100% ( A high-pressure discharge lamp sealed with DyI ₃ 55 wt%: NaI 30 wt%: Tl 15 wt%), having a luminous efficiency of 96 Lm / W, a color temperature of 4100 K (3500 to 5000 K), and an average color rendering index (Ra) of 95 for color rendering. Patent Literature 1 describes that the light emitting device exhibits high light emission characteristics and a difference between the extinguishing voltage in vertical lighting and horizontal lighting becomes small.

  However, when a lamp was prototyped and its characteristics were measured in accordance with Patent Document 1, desired light emission characteristics could not be obtained depending on the lamp having a power different from the rated power described as an example in Document 1. There was something.

  On the other hand, in the high-pressure discharge lamp described in Patent Document 1, there is no description about the dimensions for the lamp structure or the dimensions for determining the temperature (the coldest point) for determining the evaporation of the encapsulated metal halide. Depending on the type of rare earth halide to be formed, there is a concern that the described characteristics cannot be obtained.

Further, Patent Literature 2 discloses a lamp exhibiting color temperature stability and good color rendering by regulating the ratio of metal halide to be enclosed. However, according to Patent Literature 2, although a lamp having a power of 30 to 40 W has a tube wall load of 20 to 26 W / cm ² and a color temperature of 2800 to 3700 K, the luminous efficiency targeted by the present invention cannot be obtained. .

  Further, a cerium halide (20 to 69% by weight), a sodium halide (30 to 79% by weight), a thallium halide and an indium halide (the total amount of halides of Tl and In) are placed in an arc tube made of a translucent ceramic container. Patent Literature 3 discloses that a metal halide lamp in which a combination of 1 to 20 wt% is enclosed (100 wt% in total) can achieve high luminous efficiency (117 Lm / W or more) and suppress a decrease in luminous flux maintenance rate.

However, although a lamp manufactured in accordance with Patent Document 3 exhibits high luminous efficiency and luminous flux maintenance rate, the luminous color of the lamp becomes remarkably green and the average color rendering index is 75 or less. It was not suitable for use such as for lighting and outdoor lighting.
Japanese Patent No. 3293499 JP-A-7-130331 JP 2003-16998 A

  Therefore, the present inventors have selected and confirmed various kinds of luminescent metal materials, their ratios, the amount of sealing, and the like, and have been able to find materials that can obtain excellent results in various luminescent characteristics.

  The present invention regulates the luminous metal material and its encapsulation ratio, thereby achieving desired efficiency (90 Lm / W or more), correlated color temperature (2000 to 4500 K), and color rendering (average color rendering index (Ra) 75 to 90). It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-pressure discharge lamp such as a metal halide lamp excellent in various light emission characteristics such as a small change in correlated color temperature depending on the lamp life and the lighting direction, and a lighting device equipped with the discharge lamp.

  A high-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention is a light-transmitting ceramic discharge vessel having a pair of small-diameter cylindrical portions each having an inner diameter smaller than a bulge provided at both ends of a bulge forming a discharge space. An introduction conductor hermetically sealed in each small-diameter tubular portion and at least one pair of electrodes connected to the introduction conductor, extending into the small-diameter tubular portion, and facing the tip inside the bulging portion, inside the discharge vessel. An arc tube composed of a metal halide and a discharge medium containing a starting gas sealed in a tube, an outer tube in which the arc tube is disposed along the tube axis and hermetically closed, and an end of the outer tube And a pair of power supply members electrically connected to the introduction conductor of the arc tube and holding the arc tube, wherein the metal halide sealed in the arc tube is Na, Tl. , In, m and a rare earth metal halide containing at least one of Ce and Pr. The total amount of these metal halides is 10 to 60% by weight of Na halide and 5 to 5% of Tl halide. It is characterized by a ratio of 15 wt%, 0.1 to 10 wt% of In halide and 1 to 40 wt% of Tm halide.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp according to the present invention includes, as luminescent metal materials, In having an emission peak in a blue region (around 450 nm), Tl having an emission peak in a green region (around 535 nm), and an emission peak in a red region (around 590 nm). And Tm exhibiting a relatively large number of emission peaks in the halide and blue-green region (around 450 to 530 nm) of Na, and Ce or green region exhibiting a relatively large number of emission peaks in the green region (around 500 to 550 nm). (Approximately 480 to 530 nm), a rare earth metal halide composed of at least one of Pr exhibiting a relatively large number of emission peaks is sealed in each suitable amount.

  That is, the present invention regulates the amount (ratio) of the halide of Na, Tl, In, or Tm and the halide of a rare earth metal such as Ce or Pr and encapsulates the same, thereby achieving high efficiency and high color rendering. Light emission characteristics are obtained.

  That is, while the above-described luminescent metal is sealed, a continuous emission spectrum in the visible region can be obtained, In acts to adjust light color by emitting blue light, and Tl acts to adjust light color and enhance efficiency, In addition, Na has the effect of increasing the efficiency to reduce the extinguishing voltage and improving the lighting direction fluctuation characteristics, Tm has the effect of increasing the efficiency and color rendering, and Ce and Pr have the effect of increasing the efficiency. It works.

  If the amount of the halide of Na is less than 10 wt% with respect to the total amount (mg) of the halide, there is a problem that the arc during the operation becomes unstable and the extinguishing occurs. Exceeds 60% by weight, there is a problem that red light emission becomes too strong to obtain a desired color temperature, and about 10 to 30% by weight is preferable in consideration of color balance.

  Further, if the amount of the halide of In is less than 0.1 wt% with respect to the total amount of the halide (mg), there is a problem that blue emission is insufficient and a desired emission color cannot be obtained. Further, if the encapsulation amount exceeds 10% by weight, there is a problem that the blue light emission becomes too intense and the luminous efficiency is reduced, and about 0.5 to 8% by weight is preferable in consideration of the color balance.

  Further, if the amount of the halide of Tl is less than 5 wt% with respect to the total amount (mg) of the halide, there is a problem that a desired luminous efficiency cannot be obtained. If it exceeds, there is a problem that green emission becomes too strong and the emission color becomes green, and when the color balance is considered, about 7 to 12 wt% is preferable.

  Further, if the amount of the halide of Tm is less than 1 wt% with respect to the total amount of the halide (mg), there is a problem that the color rendering property (Ra) is less than 75, and the amount of the halide is 40 wt%. %, There is a problem that a desired luminescent color cannot be obtained, and in consideration of color balance, about 5 to 38% by weight is preferable.

  When the encapsulation ratio of each luminescent metal is within the above-mentioned regulation value range, the color temperature is 2,000 to 4,500 K, the color rendering property (Ra) is 75 or more, and the luminous efficiency is improved. And a high-pressure discharge lamp having an improved high-pressure discharge lamp.

  In the present invention and each of the following inventions, definitions and technical meanings of terms are as follows unless otherwise specified.

  Materials for forming the discharge vessel of the arc tube include ceramics such as sapphire, aluminum oxide (alumina), yttrium-aluminum-garnet oxide (YAG), yttrium oxide (YOX) and aluminum nitride (AlN). Those having high translucency, heat resistance and corrosion resistance from halides can be used.

  The shape of the discharge vessel is a cylinder, an ellipse with a central part bulging, a sphere or a composite of these shapes, etc., and a small-diameter cylindrical body with both ends or one end connected directly or connected to the end. A closed seal is formed. The end of the sealing portion can be closed with a plug made of metal, ceramics, cermet, or the like, or a filler such as a heat-resistant adhesive.

  In addition, the above-mentioned light-transmitting property has such a light-transmitting property that light generated by electric discharge can be transmitted and emitted to the outside, and is not limited to being transparent but may be light-diffusing. Further, a portion that does not mainly emit radiation due to electric discharge, such as a small-diameter cylindrical portion at the end of the container, may be light-shielding.

  Further, in the present invention, the inner diameter of the oval, spherical or cylindrical part forming the discharge space of the discharge vessel is about 4 to 30 mm, and the total length of the inner part is not limited and is not limited by the rating of the lamp. About 30 to 90 mm and an inner volume of about 0.02 to 5.0 cc, preferably about 0.2 to 4.5 cc.

Further, the tube wall load indicating the relationship between the lamp power W and the inner surface area cm ² of the discharge vessel is 26 W / cm ² or more for a lamp having a power of about 10 to 40 W and 23 W / cm for a lamp having a power of about 50 to less than 500 W. ^For a lamp of ² or more and about 500 to 1000 W, 13 W / cm ² or more is preferable.

  The electrodes are sealed so that at least one pair of electrodes is opposed to each other in the vessel, by penetrating the inside of the sealing portion or the small-diameter cylindrical portion at both ends of the discharge vessel, and using tungsten W or doped tungsten as a material. At the tip of the electrode, a coil made of the above-mentioned material can be wound as necessary to increase the surface area and improve heat dissipation.

  The electrode shaft at the base end of the electrode functions to fix the electrode in a predetermined position with respect to the discharge vessel and to introduce an electric current from the outside. It is electrically and mechanically supported by being fixed.

  In addition, the introduction conductor has a function of connecting to and supporting the electrode, supplying a discharge current to the electrode, and being fixed to the container, and connecting or penetrating inside or outside the plug at the end of the discharge container. Or, it is hermetically sealed with a glass sealing material inside the small-diameter cylindrical portion, and is led out from the end of the discharge vessel directly or through another connection conductor to support the arc tube. Used.

  In the ceramics discharge vessel, a rod-shaped body, a pipe-shaped body, or a coil-shaped body is used as a material of the introduced conductor by using a sealing metal such as niobium Nb, tantalum Ta, titanium Ti, zirconium Zr, hafnium Hf, or vanadium V. And so on. The selection can be made as appropriate according to the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the ceramic discharge vessel.

  The discharge medium is filled with mercury Hg containing sodium Na, thallium Tl, indium In and thulium Tm, a halide mainly containing a rare earth metal such as cerium Ce, praseodymium Pr and the like and amalgam as needed as a luminescent metal, A small amount of calcium Ca, cesium Cs, lithium Li, magnesium Mg, rubidium Rb and other metal halides may be contained. Further, as the halogen, any one or a plurality of iodine I, bromine Br, chlorine Cl or fluorine F can be used.

  If 90 wt% or more, preferably 95 wt% or more of the total amount of the enclosed metal halide is a halide of Na, Tl, In and Tm, a desired stability can be obtained without significantly affecting the spectral distribution to be emitted. Preferred emission characteristics are obtained.

  The amount of the metal halide to be charged is about 2 to 20 mg per 1 cc of the container volume, but is determined according to the light emission characteristics, the lamp power, the internal volume of the discharge container, and the like.

  A rare gas such as argon Ar or neon Ne is filled as a starting and buffer gas at a pressure of about 8 kPa to 80 kPa (Pascal), and exhibits a pressure of about 500 kPa or more during lighting. If the pressure of the rare gas is less than 8 kPa, it becomes difficult to start the discharge as shown in the Paschen curve, and if it exceeds 80 kPa, the starting voltage becomes high and exceeds the withstand pressure of the die.

  The outer tube is made of a translucent and heat-resistant material made of glass such as hard glass such as quartz glass or borosilicate glass or semi-hard glass or ceramics, and has an A type, an AP type, a B type, and a BT type. , ED type, R type, T type, etc., a mount holding the arc tube is inserted from the opening at the end, and this opening is heated and melted and closed with a burner to seal the mount. Is formed. In the case of an outer tube such as a T (straight tube) shape, the sealing portion may be formed at both ends. Also, a vacuum atmosphere is desirable in the outer tube.

  The power supply member may be formed of one single material, but since the portion sealed in the sealing portion requires a material having good airtightness and conformity with glass, the power supply line portion in the outer tube and the sealing portion It is appropriate to connect and configure a plurality of materials such as a sealing member portion, an external lead portion led out of the outer tube, and the form of the material, dimensions, etc., the type of the arc tube, power, weight, outer tube material, etc. It can be selected appropriately according to the requirements.

  Further, in the case of a discharge vessel having a small-diameter cylindrical portion at the end, a coil-shaped portion is wound around the outer surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion facing the electrode axis provided inside, and this coil-shaped portion is formed inside the discharge container. By connecting to the opposite potential side to the electrode axis and using it as an auxiliary electrode at the time of starting the lamp, the starting of the lamp can be facilitated.

  A power supply line portion in the outer tube of the power supply member is made of a metal material such as molybdenum (Mo) or tungsten (W), and is electrically connected to the introductory conductors at both ends of the arc tube to supply electric power. And also serves as a support member arranged and held along.

  Further, a getter made of zirconium Zr-aluminum Al alloy or the like for cleaning the inside of the outer tube may be provided on a power supply line or the like in the outer tube.

  Further, a middle tube made of a heat-resistant and light-transmitting material made of ceramics or quartz glass or hard glass similar to the container can be provided so as to surround the arc tube. With this middle tube, the arc tube can be kept warm and the luminous metal can easily act to improve the luminous characteristics such as high efficiency and high color rendering, and also protects the arc tube in case of damage. In addition, since the arc tube and the middle tube are supported by a member to which a potential is not applied, it is possible to prevent Na ions or the like from coming out of the arc tube container by photoelectron action at the time of lighting, and to suppress a decrease in luminous efficiency of the lamp.

  At the start of lighting, an ultraviolet light source may be provided in the outer tube so that ultraviolet light is emitted toward the arc tube to assist the start.

  Further, the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention can be applied to a lamp having a rated power of 10 to 1000 W to enhance the light emission characteristics without limiting the lighting direction. The rated power of 10 to 1000 W refers to a lamp having a rating of 10 to 1000 W and has a tolerance of ±.

  A high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 2 is characterized in that the amount of halide containing at least one of Ce and Pr is 20% by weight or less based on the total amount of metal halide enclosed in the arc tube. I have.

  By including at least one of Ce and Pr in the halides of Na, Tl, In, and Tm, the luminous efficiency can be increased by increasing the spectrum in the green region.

  Further, the amount of the metal halide is not more than 20% by weight based on the total amount of the metal halide.

  When the weight ratio R / M of the total amount R of Ce or Pr containing the rare earth metal containing Tm to the total amount M of metal halide is 0.65 (65%) or more, the rare earth metal halogen Since the compound has a low ionization voltage, the arc becomes unstable and causes problems such as extinguishing.

  A high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 3, wherein the halide contains at least one of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the metal halide sealed in the arc tube. And the ratio A of the total encapsulated amount A (mol) of the halide containing at least one of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb to the total encapsulated amount R (mol) of the rare earth metal halide. / R is less than 0.5.

  In addition to halides of Na, Tl, In, Tm and Ce or Pr, halides selected from Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb were added, and the amount of each material (wt%) was regulated. By adding Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, Rb, etc., the arc can be stabilized.

  If the amount of halides such as Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb is less than 3 wt% with respect to the total amount (mg) of the halides, there is a problem such as disappearing or the like. Exceeds 20 wt%, there is a problem that the luminous efficiency is reduced due to an increase in infrared emission, and practically, about 5 to 15 wt% is preferable.

  At this time, the ratio A / R of the total amount A (mol) of halides such as Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb to the total amount R (mol) of halides of the rare earth metal is 0.5 (50). %), There is a problem that the luminous efficiency is reduced to be lower than 90 Lm / W, and the preferable ratio of A / R is about 0.1 to 0.25 (10 to 25%).

  A high pressure discharge lamp according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the inside of the outer tube in which the arc tube is disposed has an atmospheric pressure of 133 Pa or less.

  By setting the inside of the outer tube to a low-pressure atmosphere, convection does not occur inside the outer tube, so that an excessive decrease in the arc tube temperature can be prevented.

  If there is a gas having a pressure exceeding 133 Pa inside the outer tube, undesired discharge may occur in the outer tube, which is not preferable.

  In the high pressure discharge lamp according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the middle tube surrounding the arc tube has a spectral transmittance of 75% or more in an ultraviolet region of 220 to 370 nm, preferably a spectral transmittance of 260 to 340 nm in an ultraviolet region. Is made of quartz glass of 90% or more.

  By surrounding the arc tube with a cylindrical tube made of a transparent quartz glass tube or ceramic tube, the temperature of the internal arc tube is raised, and the temperature of the coldest part, which affects the light emission characteristics of the lamp, is increased to emit light. Efficiency can be improved.

  A quartz glass tube that blocks an ultraviolet region (220 to 370 nm) having a transmittance of approximately 91% in a visible light region (380 to 780 nm) is used as the middle tube, and a transmittance of approximately 92% in the visible light region is also used. Although the transmittance in the visible light region is only about 1% as compared with the case where a quartz glass tube transmitting the ultraviolet region is used, the luminous efficiency of the quartz glass tube transmitting the ultraviolet region is about 5 to 15%. Improved.

  A lighting device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention provides a lighting device main body, the high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5 provided in the lighting device main body, and lighting circuit means for lighting the high-pressure discharge lamp. And characterized in that:

  The high-pressure discharge lamp can be lit using a rectangular wave lighting circuit device or a magnetically excited ballast lighting circuit device such as a choke coil type or a transformer type.

  For example, a high-pressure discharge lamp can be lit with a rectangular wave having a voltage waveform of 100 Hz to 1 kHz and a secondary open voltage from a ballast of 150 to 400 V. In this case, when lighting at a frequency less than 100 Hz, the arc flickers at the time of lighting. In addition, in the case of lighting at a frequency exceeding 1 kHz, the swing of the arc due to the acoustic resonance phenomenon occurs, and the light flux accompanying the lighting progress, that is, the light flux maintenance ratio is greatly reduced.

  In addition, the lamp is lit at a secondary open voltage of 150 to 400 V, and there is a problem that it is not possible to shift from a glow discharge to an arc discharge at a start of less than 150 V. There is a problem that blackening occurs.

  Note that the lighting device main body refers to the remaining portion of the lighting device excluding the high-pressure discharge lamp and the lighting circuit means, such as a housing, a reflecting mirror, a translucent cover, and a lens. is not.

  In the present invention, the lighting device is a broad concept including any device that uses light emitted from a high-pressure discharge lamp for some purpose. For example, the present invention can be applied to a bulb-type high-pressure discharge lamp, a lighting fixture, a headlight for a moving object, a light source device for an optical fiber, an image projection device, a photochemical device, a fingerprint discrimination device, and the like.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the luminescent metal is mainly composed of a halide of Na, Tl, In, Tm and a rare earth metal such as Ce or Pr, and these are sealed in the luminous bulb at a predetermined weight ratio. Various light-emitting characteristics and electric characteristics such as power, luminous efficiency, correlated color temperature, average color rendering index (color rendering), chromaticity deviation and life span are small and stable, regardless of the lighting posture of the lamp. High-pressure discharge lamps such as metal halide lamps with improved quality could be provided.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-pressure discharge lamp in which luminous efficiency is improved by regulating the amount of Ce or Pr halide to be filled in the arc tube.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the arc is stabilized and the luminous flux associated with the elapse of the life is controlled by regulating the amount of the halide selected from Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, Rb and the like in the arc tube. Thus, a high-pressure discharge lamp can be provided which has an effect such as reduction of the luminous flux maintenance rate.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high-pressure discharge lamp in which the luminous characteristics are improved by regulating the atmospheric pressure in the outer tube so that convection does not occur inside the outer tube and the temperature of the arc tube is prevented from lowering. Was completed.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-pressure discharge lamp in which the temperature of the coldest part which affects the luminous characteristics of the lamp by increasing the temperature of the arc tube in the middle tube and the luminous efficiency is improved. Was.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the high pressure discharge lamp having the effects described in the first to fifth aspects is provided, it is possible to provide a lighting device such as a lighting apparatus which is excellent in various light emitting characteristics and electric characteristics. did it.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional front view showing an arc tube part in FIG.

  In the figure, a high-pressure discharge lamp L1 houses an arc tube 1A, a middle tube 3 surrounding the arc tube 1A, and a pair of power supply members 4A and 4B supporting the arc tube 1A and the middle tube 3 and supplying power. An outer tube 5 and a base 6 provided at an end of the outer tube 5 are mainly constituted.

  The arc tube 1A is provided with a discharge vessel 1 made of translucent ceramic in which small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b connected by continuous curved surfaces to both ends of a substantially spherical bulging portion 11 are provided. The linear introduction conductors 23a and 23b made of Nb connected to the electrodes 2A and 2B penetrate through the distal ends of the small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b of the discharge vessel 1 and are hermetically sealed by the glass sealants 13 and 13. It has a vertically symmetric structure.

  The electrodes 2A and 2B are butt-welded to each other via coil-shaped portions 25a and 25b in which molybdenum wires are wound around the introduction conductors 23a and 23b, which are located in the small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b. The electrode shaft 21 is formed of a tungsten wire with the wire facing the bulging portion 11 and a coil-shaped portion 22 in which a tungsten thin wire is wound around the tip of the electrode shaft 21.

  At this time, the gap between the electrode shaft 21 penetrating through the inside of the small-diameter tubular portions 12a and 12b and the inner wall surface of the small-diameter tubular portions 12a and 12b is 0.1 mm or less. A coil made of a thin wire such as molybdenum may be wound to reduce the gap, and the outer surface of the coil may be in contact with the inner surfaces of the small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b. Further, the coil-shaped electrode 22 at the tip of the electrode shaft 21 is not essential, and the tip of the electrode shaft 21 may perform an electrode function.

  Further, in the discharge vessel 1 of the arc tube 1A, a starting and buffer gas containing argon Ar or the like as a discharge medium, a metal halide as a luminescent metal and mercury are sealed.

The metal halide is sodium NaI MNamg, thallium iodide TlI MTlmg, indium iodide InI Min, indium iodide TInI ₃ , MTmmg thulium iodide TmI ₃ , cerium iodide CeI MCemg, and the total encapsulated amount is Mmg (= MNamg + MTlmg + Minmg + MTmmg + MCemg).

  At this time, the enclosed weight ratio between the halides is as follows. 10 to 60 wt% of In halide, 5 to 15 wt% of Tl halide, 0.1 to 10 wt% of In halide and 0.1 to 10 wt% of Tm halide with respect to the total amount M of all metal halides. 1 to 40% by weight of Ce halide is sealed at a weight ratio of 20% by weight or less. Mercury is sealed at a rate of 3 to 25 mg / cc per internal volume of the discharge vessel 1.

  And, in the above, Pr halide exhibiting the same effect of improving luminous efficiency as Ce in place of or together with Ce halide is encapsulated in an amount of 20 wt% or less based on the total encapsulated amount M of the metal halide. You can do it.

  Further, at least one halide selected from Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb is added to the above metal halide in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight based on the total amount Mmg of the metal halide. Is also good. The halides of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb have effects such as stabilizing the arc and reducing the luminous flux over the life, that is, improving the luminous flux maintenance factor.

  If the amount of halides of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb is less than 3 wt%, there is a problem that the luminous flux is remarkably reduced with the elapse of the life. Problems such as lowering occur, which is not preferable.

  FIG. 3 is a graph showing the luminous efficiency when the amount MCs of halide (iodide) of, for example, Cs among Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb is changed, and the horizontal axis represents the metal halide. The weight ratio MCs / M (%) of the encapsulated amount MCs of Cs halide (iodide) to the total encapsulated amount M of (iodide) M (= MNamg + MTlmg + Minmg + MTmmg + MCemg + MCsmg), and the vertical axis is the luminous efficiency (Lm / W). It is a thing.

  When the weight ratio MCs / M is smaller, the luminous efficiency increases. However, when the weight ratio MCs / M is less than 3%, the lamp may go out. When the weight ratio MCs / M exceeds 14%, the luminous efficiency (Lm / W) may reach the target 90 Lm / There is a problem that it is lower than W, and considering the variation and the like, it is preferably about 3 to 10%.

  The outer tube 5 is formed of quartz glass or the like and has a BT shape in which one end (upper side in the figure) is closed, and a mount holding the arc tube 1A is inserted through an opening on the other end (lower side). An opening is heated by a burner, and a stem 4s of the mount is welded to form a closed sealing portion 51. Further, the inside of the outer tube 5 is in a vacuum atmosphere evacuated through an exhaust pipe (not shown) after the formation of the sealing portion 51, and the pressure is set to 133 Pa or less.

  The pair of power supply members 4A and 4B are connected to one ends of internal lead wires 41a and 41b extending from a sealing wire hermetically sealed to the stem 4S of the mount, and are molybdenum wires extending into the outer tube 5 or the like. Power supply lines 42a and 42b, an external lead (not shown) made of a molybdenum wire or the like connected to the other end and extending outside the outer tube 5, and the above-mentioned one provided on one of the power supply lines 42a. It comprises the arc tube 1A and the supporting members 43a and 43b of the middle tube 3.

  The one power supply line 42a is bent so that the distal end formed in a substantially V-shape is separated and parallel, and the extended distal end is disposed so as to elastically contact with the inner wall at the top of the outer tube 5 having the BT shape. Have been. A metal plate, a ceramic plate, or the like is formed in a disc-like or band-like shape at the intermediate portion of the parallel power supply line 42a. Here, disc-like support members 43a, 43b are directly welded by means such as welding. The power supply lines 42a, 42a are connected to each other or attached via fixing members 44,.

  The arc tube 1A is supported by inserting the small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a, 12b of the discharge vessel 1 into through holes formed in the centers of the separated disk-shaped support members 43a, 43b. The middle tube 3 is disposed and fixed via fixing members 44,... While surrounding the arc tube 1A.

  In addition, the support member 43a connected to one power supply line 42a and the introduction conductor 23a are connected via the conductive wire 45, and the other power supply line 42b bent and extended in a substantially L-shape is connected to the distal end. It is connected to the introduction conductor 23b via the conductive wire 46.

  Therefore, the power supply lines 42a, 42b extending into the outer tube 5 of the power supply members 4A, 4B are electrically connected to the introduction conductors 23a, 23b at both ends of the light emitting tube 1A to supply power and to connect the light emitting tube 1A. Arranged and held along the pipe axis.

  A high-pressure discharge lamp is provided on the sealing portion 51 of the outer tube 5 so as to be covered with a base 6 according to the type and purpose of use and to connect an external lead wire to a terminal of the base 6 to constitute a metal halide lamp. L1 is completed.

  The discharge lamp L1 has a base 6 attached to a socket, and when energized by, for example, a rectangular wave lighting circuit device (not shown) of 100 Hz to 1 kHz, the lead conductor 23a of the arc tube 1A via the base 6 and the power supply members 4A and 4B. , 23b, a voltage is applied to the electrodes 2A, 2B, and a discharge is generated between the electrode coils 22, 22 at the tip, and stable lighting can be performed.

  The present invention is characterized by a halide as a luminescent metal sealed in an arc tube. That is, it can be achieved by using Tm and a halide of a rare earth metal such as Ce or Pr for Na, Tl, and In and regulating the encapsulation weight ratio.

  In the above embodiment, iodine I was used as the halogen element of the halide. However, the present invention may use other halogen elements such as bromine Br, chlorine Cl, and fluorine F. It may be made of an element.

  FIGS. 4 and 6 are front views showing another embodiment of the high-pressure discharge lamps L2 and L3 of the present invention. In the drawings, the same parts as those of the discharge lamp L1 shown in FIGS. The reference numerals are attached and the description is omitted.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp L2 shown in FIG. 4 has a rated lamp power of 280 to 440 W, for example, 400 W, and the outer tube 5 accommodating the arc tube 1A shown in FIG. 2 has a T (straight tube) shape. The stem 4s of the mount is sealed in a sealing portion (not shown) on the side, and the arc tube 1A is supported by a power supply line 42a serving also as power supply members 4A and 4B connected to the internal lead wires 41a and 41b of the stem 4s. And are connected to the power supply lines 42a and 42b.

  More specifically, the outer tube 5 is formed of hard glass and has an outer diameter of about 65 mm and a total length of about 250 mm. Contains an arc tube 1A having a discharge vessel 1 of about 80 mm. The middle tube 3 provided surrounding the arc tube 1A is not essential, but is preferably arranged at a distance of at least 2 mm from the outer surface of the arc tube 1A. In the outer tube 5, an ultraviolet ray generating source 7 connected to and supported by the power supply lines 42a and 42b is disposed close to the arc tube 1A.

  As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 5, the ultraviolet light source 7 is provided at the end of an ultraviolet-permeable airtight container 71 made of quartz glass having a substantially cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of about 4 mm, an inner diameter of about 2 mm, and a length of about 20 mm. A sealing wire 72 having an outer diameter of about 0.75 mm and also serving as a sealing wire is hermetically sealed in the formed sealing portion 72, and has a width of about 1.5 mm, a thickness of about 30 μm and a length of about 30 μm in the hermetic container 71. An electrode 74 constituting a foil-shaped internal conductive member having a thickness of about 8 mm is connected. A rare gas such as argon is sealed in the airtight container 71 at a pressure of about 1300 Pa.

  An outer conductive member 75 made of an iron-nickel alloy having an outer diameter of about 0.4 mm is spirally wound about four times around the outer periphery of the ultraviolet-permeable airtight container 71 (in FIG. 9, the winding state is shown in FIG. 9). (Omitted.) Further, one end side 75b of the external conductive member 75 and the other end side 73a derived from the sealing portion 72 of the lead wire 73 also serving as the sealing line are connected to the power supply lines 42a and 42b, respectively.

  The inner conductive member 74 and the outer conductive member 75 in the ultraviolet ray generating source 7 are in a state of being capacitively coupled, and the formed capacitance is about 0.5 pF.

  In the high-pressure discharge lamp L2 having such a configuration, the base 6 is attached to a socket (not shown) connected to a lighting circuit device having a ballast and the like, and is energized.

  When the discharge lamp L2 is connected to the lighting circuit device, at the time of starting, the discharge lamp 1A is connected to the base 6 via the internal lead wires 41a and 41b, and via the power supply lines 42a and 42b serving as the power supply members 4A and 4B. A high-voltage pulse is applied to the lead wires 73 of the ultraviolet ray generating source 7 and the external conductive member 75 connected in parallel to the electrodes 2A and 2B and the feed lines 42a and 42b.

  The application of the high-voltage pulse causes a discharge breakdown between the inner conductive member 74 and the outer conductive member 75 of the ultraviolet ray generating source 7 which is capacitively coupled and has a small interval.

  That is, discharge occurs between the electrode 74 constituting the internal conductive member of the ultraviolet ray generating source 7 and the external conductive member 75 having a lower impedance than between the electrodes 2A and 2B in the arc tube 1A. This discharge generates ultraviolet rays in the ultraviolet-permeable airtight container 71 and transmits the ultraviolet rays to the outside through the airtight container 71.

  In the present invention, ultraviolet rays are radiated from the ultraviolet ray generating source 7 disposed close to the arc tube 1A toward between the electrodes 2A and 2B in the arc tube 1A. Discharge is promoted, and the arc tube 1A can be easily started in a very short time of about 1 second, and thereafter, stable lighting can be maintained.

  When the capacitance formed by the inner conductive member 74 and the outer conductive member 75 of the ultraviolet ray generating source 7 is set to about 0.5 pF, the impedance component becomes small and more leakage current flows when a high-voltage pulse is generated. As a result, the amount of ultraviolet radiation can be increased, and starting is facilitated.

  In the present invention, even in the case of the structure in which the shape of the outer tube 5 is changed in this manner, various light emission characteristics are equivalent to those of the discharge lamp L1 of the above-described embodiment, and exhibit the same operation and effect. In addition, there is an advantage that the discharge lamp L2 itself and the lighting equipment for accommodating the lamp L2 can be made compact.

  Although not limited to the discharge lamp L2, a lamp in which a halide is sealed, such as a metal halide lamp, may have poor starting characteristics due to a shortage of initial electrons due to electron adsorption by halogen. In the case where a starting assisting means such as the above is added, the starting characteristics of the lamp can be further improved.

  In the high-pressure discharge lamp L3 shown in FIG. 6, the outer tube 5 that houses the arc tube 1A shown in FIG. , 23b connected to each other has a structure including crush sealing portions 51, 51 in which the molybdenum foils 52, 52 are hermetically sealed, and various light emission characteristics exhibit the same operation and effects as those of the lamp L1 of the above embodiment.

  FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a lighting device 8 according to the present invention using, for example, the high-pressure discharge lamp L1. The lighting device 8 is a recessed lighting device that is embedded and installed in a ceiling 91. The lighting device 8 has an instrument (apparatus) body 92 attached to the ceiling 91, and a socket 93 provided in the instrument (apparatus) body 92. The base 6 of the high-pressure discharge lamp L1 is mounted. Further, a reflecting mirror 94 for reflecting the radiated light of the lamp L1 downward is provided in the appliance (apparatus) main body 92. The reflecting mirror 94 covers the opening side of the reflecting mirror 94 and is provided with a cover member made of glass or the like or a lens. Is provided.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp L1 is electrically connected to a lighting device having an appliance (apparatus) main body 92 or a ballast placed separately from the main body 92, and is lit by power supply from the lighting device. Can be.

  The lighting device is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may have another structure or application.The lighting method is not limited to the one using a rectangular wave lighting circuit device, and may be a choke coil type or a transformer type. A magnetically-excited ballast may be used.

  A high-pressure discharge lamp having the same configuration as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was manufactured according to the following specifications, and various light emission characteristics were measured.

The lamp has a rated power of 250 W, the arc tube 1A is made of translucent alumina ceramics, the total length is about 60 mm, the outer diameter of the bulging portion 11 is about 16.6 mm, the inner diameter is about 14.0 mm, and the inner volume is about 1.5 cc. The load is about 25 to 29 W / cm ² , the outer diameter of the small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b is about 3.0 mm, and the inner diameter is about 1.2 mm. The container 1 of the arc tube 1A has a spectral transmittance of about 92% in the visible light region. The entirety is surrounded by a middle tube 3 made of quartz glass transparent to ultraviolet rays.

  The electrodes 2A and 2B have an outer diameter of about 0.6 mm and a length of about 8 mm of an electrode shaft 21 made of tungsten, and the electrode coil-shaped portion 22 is formed by winding a tungsten wire having an outer diameter of about 0.2 mm at a dense pitch for about 3 turns. The distance between the electrodes is about 15 mm.

  The introduction conductors 23a and 23b are formed of Nb, have an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm, a length of about 12 mm, and the coiled portions 25a and 25b wound with Mo wire have an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm and a length of about 0.9 mm. Is about 12 mm.

The discharge medium, and about 20kPa argon as a starter and a buffer gas, about 56 wt% halide in the composition of _{NaI-TlI-InI-TmI 3} -CeI 3 - about 6.5 wt% - about 4.5 wt% - about About 6 mg and about 14 mg of mercury Hg are enclosed at a ratio of 10 wt% to about 24 wt%.

  The outer tube 5 is a BT type made of hard glass and has a maximum outer diameter of about 116 mm, a maximum inner diameter of about 114 mm (wall thickness of about 1.0 mm), and a total length of about 250 mm (the total length including the base 6 is about 250 mm). The inside is in a vacuum state of about 100 Pa.

Further, for comparison with the discharge lamp L1 of the first embodiment and the like,
A discharge lamp having the same configuration except for the halide was manufactured. Comparative Example In Table 1 is a halide known lamp is used, NaI-TlI-InI-CeI 3 to about 56 wt% - about 6.5 wt% - about 4.5 wt% - was encapsulated at a rate of about 34 wt% It is a lamp.

  This is a high-pressure discharge lamp having the same configuration and the same rating as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and manufactured with specifications different from the lamp L1 of Example 1 only in the composition of the metal halide to be sealed.

Lamp rated power 250 W, about 29 wt% halide and discharge medium with the composition of _{NaI-TlI-InI-TmI 3} -CeI 3 - about 9.5 wt% - about 3.5 wt% - about 15 wt% - about 43wt About 6 mg of mercury and about 14 mg of mercury Hg are enclosed.

  The same kind of discharge lamp as that shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is manufactured with the same kind of discharge lamp as the rated power of 400 W which is about 1.4 times the power of the rated power of 250 W of the first and second embodiments and the various light emission characteristics are measured. did.

The arc tube 1A is made of translucent alumina ceramics, has a total length of about 80 mm, an outer diameter of the bulging portion 11 of about 22 mm, an inner diameter of about 20 mm, an inner volume of about 4.0 cc, a tube wall load of about 25 to 29 W / cm ² , and a small-diameter tube. The outer diameter of the shaped parts 12a and 12b is about 3.5 mm, and the inner diameter is about 1.5 mm.

  The electrodes 2A and 2B have an outer diameter of about 0.7 mm and a length of about 8 mm of an electrode shaft 21 made of tungsten W, and the electrode coil-shaped portion 22 is formed by winding a tungsten wire having an outer diameter of about 0.3 mm at a fine pitch for about 4 turns. The distance between the electrodes is about 19 mm.

  The introduction conductors 23a and 23b are formed of Nb, have an outer diameter of about 1.4 mm, a length of about 15 mm, and the coiled portions 25a and 25b around which the Mo wire is wound have an outer diameter of about 1.4 mm and a length. Is about 18 mm.

The discharge medium, and about 53kPa argon as a starter and a buffer gas, NaI-TlI-InI-TmI 3 -CeI 3 halide is about 29 wt% of - about 9.5 wt% - about 4.5 wt% - about 40 wt% About 14 mg and about 30 mg of mercury Hg are enclosed at a rate of about 17 wt%.

  The outer tube 5 is a BT type made of quartz glass, has a maximum outer diameter of about 116 mm, a maximum inner diameter of about 114 mm (wall thickness of about 1.0 mm), and a total length of about 300 mm. Almost the whole is surrounded by 3.

  This is a high-pressure discharge lamp having the same configuration and the same rating as the lamp of the third embodiment, and manufactured in a specification different from the lamp L1 of the third embodiment only in the composition of the metal halide to be sealed.

Lamps with rated power 400W, about 29 wt% halide and discharge medium with the composition of _{NaI-TlI-InI-TmI 3} -CeI 3 - about 9.5 wt% - about 3.5 wt% - about 49 wt% - about 8wt About 14 mg of mercury and about 30 mg of mercury Hg are enclosed.

  This is a high-pressure discharge lamp having the same configuration and the same rating as the lamp of the third embodiment, and manufactured with specifications different from the lamp L1 of the third and fourth embodiments only in the composition of the metal halide to be sealed.

Lamps with rated power 400W, about 42 wt% halide and discharge medium with the composition of _{NaI-TlI-InI-TmI 3} -CeI 3 -CsI - about 11 wt% - about 3 wt% - about 22 wt% - about 17 wt% - About 14 mg and about 30 mg of mercury Hg are enclosed at a ratio of about 5 wt%.

  As shown in Table 1, the lamps of Examples 1 to 5 have a total luminous flux (Lm), efficiency (Lm / W), correlated color temperature (K), color deviation (duv), and average color rendering. It was confirmed that the emission characteristics such as the evaluation number (color rendering property: Ra) were within a target range.

The average value of various characteristics measured by operating each of the five lamps for each of the samples of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example in Table 1 for 100 hours and then operating at a tube wall load of about 25 to 29 W / cm ² .

  As is clear from Table 1, the lamp of the present invention has various lighting characteristics such as efficiency, correlated color temperature, color deviation (duv) and average color rendering index (color rendering property: Ra). Regardless of the direction, the present invention can emit white light suitable for general illumination, falling within the target range of the present invention.

  On the other hand, the lamp of the comparative example has a high color temperature (K) value, a low average color rendering index (color rendering property: Ra), and a target color deviation (duv). There were problems such as deviation from 0.005 to 0.01.

  Table 1 does not particularly describe data on the life, but is omitted because the examples and the comparative examples are almost equivalent.

The lamp to which the present invention can be applied has a rated power of 10 to 1000 W class. Table 2 shows various characteristic tables of the lamp of the present invention manufactured for a representative product satisfying the halide enclosing conditions regulated by the present invention. As a result, it was confirmed that the desired characteristics could be obtained in each of the varieties.

It is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of a high pressure discharge lamp of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional front view showing an arc tube part in FIG. 1. 4 is a graph comparing the weight ratio MCs / M% (horizontal axis) of Cs (MCs) to the total amount M of metal halide sealed in the arc tube and the efficiency Lm / W (vertical axis). It is a schematic front view showing other embodiments of the high pressure discharge lamp of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view showing an ultraviolet ray generation source sealed in an outer tube in FIG. 4. It is a schematic front view showing other embodiments of the high pressure discharge lamp of the present invention. It is a partial section front view showing an embodiment of a lighting installation of the present invention.

Explanation of reference numerals

  L1, L2, L3: high-pressure discharge lamp (metal halide lamp), 1A: arc tube, 1: discharge vessel, 11: bulging portion, 12a, 12b: small-diameter cylindrical portion, 2A, 2B: electrode, 23a, 23b: introduction Conductor, 4A, 4B: power supply member, 6: middle tube, 8: lighting device, 82: appliance (device) body,

Claims (6)

A translucent ceramic discharge vessel having a pair of small-diameter cylindrical parts having an inner diameter smaller than the bulges provided at both ends of the bulge forming the discharge space, and hermetically sealed in each small-diameter cylindrical part of the discharge vessel. The introduction conductor and at least one pair of electrodes connected to the introduction conductor and extending into the small-diameter cylindrical portion and facing the distal end in the bulging portion, the metal halide and the starting gas sealed in the discharge vessel. An arc tube comprising a discharge medium containing;
An outer tube in which the arc tube is disposed along the tube axis and which is hermetically closed;
A high-pressure discharge lamp sealed with an end of the outer tube and having a pair of power supply members that electrically connect to the introduction conductor of the arc tube and hold the arc tube.
The metal halide enclosed in the arc tube comprises a halide of Na, Tl, In, Tm, and a halide of a rare earth metal containing at least one of Ce and Pr, with respect to the total amount of these metal halides. Na halide is 10 to 60 wt%, Tl halide is 5 to 15 wt%, In halide is 0.1 to 10 wt%, and Tm halide is 1 to 40 wt%. High pressure discharge lamp.   2. The high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the amount of halide containing at least one of Ce and Pr is less than 20 wt% with respect to the total amount of metal halide sealed in the arc tube.   A halide containing at least one of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb of 3 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the metal halide sealed in the arc tube is sealed, and the halogen of the rare earth metal is sealed. That the ratio A / R of the total enclosed amount A (mol) of the halide containing at least one of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg and Rb to the total enclosed amount R (mol) of the halide is less than 0.5 The high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein   4. The high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the outer tube in which the arc tube is disposed has an atmospheric pressure of 133 Pa or less.   The middle tube provided surrounding the arc tube is made of quartz glass having a spectral transmittance of at least 75% in an ultraviolet region of 220 to 370 nm, preferably 90% or more in an ultraviolet region of 260 to 340 nm. A high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A lighting device body;
A high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5 provided in the lighting device body;
Lighting circuit means for lighting the high-pressure discharge lamp;
A lighting device, comprising:

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