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JP2004036937A - Gas safety device - Google Patents

Gas safety device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004036937A
JP2004036937A JP2002191911A JP2002191911A JP2004036937A JP 2004036937 A JP2004036937 A JP 2004036937A JP 2002191911 A JP2002191911 A JP 2002191911A JP 2002191911 A JP2002191911 A JP 2002191911A JP 2004036937 A JP2004036937 A JP 2004036937A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
gas
propagation time
air purge
safety device
ultrasonic wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002191911A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takao Tokunami
徳南 敬雄
Norio Niimura
新村 紀夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002191911A priority Critical patent/JP2004036937A/en
Priority to CNB031490824A priority patent/CN1233953C/en
Priority to KR1020030044092A priority patent/KR20040004103A/en
Publication of JP2004036937A publication Critical patent/JP2004036937A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F3/00Measuring the volume flow of fluids or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through the meter in successive and more or less isolated quantities, the meter being driven by the flow
    • G01F3/02Measuring the volume flow of fluids or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through the meter in successive and more or less isolated quantities, the meter being driven by the flow with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement
    • G01F3/20Measuring the volume flow of fluids or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through the meter in successive and more or less isolated quantities, the meter being driven by the flow with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement having flexible movable walls, e.g. diaphragms, bellows
    • G01F3/22Measuring the volume flow of fluids or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through the meter in successive and more or less isolated quantities, the meter being driven by the flow with measuring chambers which expand or contract during measurement having flexible movable walls, e.g. diaphragms, bellows for gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17DPIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/66Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/12Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
    • G08B21/16Combustible gas alarms

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently perform the air purge in the piping in the initial installation of a gas meter. <P>SOLUTION: An ultrasonic wave propagation time is measured by at least a pair of ultrasonic sensors 2 mounted in a gas passage 3 at a proper distance, the concentration of the gas is operated on the basis of the measured data of the propagation time, and the termination of the air purge is determined on the basis of the data on the gas concentration at the last. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はガス供給路に使用するガス保安装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、都市ガスやLPガスが安全に使用されることを目的として、燃料ガス(以下、ガスという)の使用量を計測して異常に使用量が増えた場合や、通常の使用状態と大きく掛け離れた時間使用されていることを検知すると、ガス通路を遮断する保安装置が普及している。この種の保安装置は、ガス流量の検出信号を保安制御回路に取り込み、内部のマイクロコンピュータで処理してガス流量を監視し、異常があれば遮断信号を出力し、遮断弁を閉止する。ガス流量の検出には、所定容積の計量室をガスが換気する回数で通過体積を計測する膜式と、所定の断面積のガス流路のガス流速を演算処理して流量を計測する超音波式がある。超音波式流量検出の原理は、ガス通路内の2点間の超音波の伝搬時間はガス流速を含んだ関数であり、伝搬時間を計測すればガス流速が逆算でき、流速が判れば通過断面積より流量が判ることを応用している。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上記従来のガス保安装置には以下のような課題があった。
【0004】
(1)初めてガスメータを設置した時には配管内のエアパージを行う必要があり、従来は燃焼器具の燃焼状態を見てエアパージの終了を判定せざるを得ず、終了を確認してガスコックを閉じるまで目が離せず手数がかかる。
【0005】
(2)エアパージを終了する前に保安機能が働いて遮断弁が動作する事があリ、その都度遮断弁を復帰開放する操作を繰り返すのが煩わしい。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために本発明のガス保安装置は、ガス通路と、前記ガス通路内に適宜の距離で設置した一対もしくはそれ以上の超音波センサと、前記の対なる超音波センサの一方で超音波を発し、他方で超音波を受信して超音波の伝搬時間を測定する制御測定回路とを備え、伝搬時間データはガス保安制御回路に取り込んで流量演算して保安監視に使用する一方で、伝搬時間データを元にガス濃度判定を行い、ガス濃度表示部に表示する。本発明によればガス濃度表示部にガス濃度が表示されるのでエアパージの進捗度が確認できるという効果がある。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
(1)ガス種によって定まる密度と伝播時間の相関関係式から伝播時間データを元にガス密度を計算して、これを表示部に表示させる。
【0008】
(2)ガス使用時にはガス種固有の音速に流速成分が加わり、伝搬時間が一定しないので、ガスの流れに対して正、負2方向の超音波の伝播時間を測定し、その伝播時間の平均時間を測定データとし、ガスの流速成分を相殺する。
【0009】
(3)伝播時間(ガス濃度)の時間変化がなくなれば、ガス中の大気成分が完全に置換されたとみなし、エアパージ終了判定する。
【0010】
(4)エアパージモード時には保安機能を停止して遮断機能を停止する。
【0011】
(5)エアパージ終了判定後は自動的に保安機能を再開し、遮断弁を閉止した状態で待機する。
【0012】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を用いて説明する。図1は本発明のガス保安装置の一実施例を示す構成図である。図において、制御測定回路1の発振出力端子OUTより出力された電気信号は送信用超音波センサ2(2A)で音響変換され、ガス通路3内に超音波が発せられる。距離Lを隔てて設置された受信用超音波センサ2(2B)は、捕らえた超音波を再び電気信号に戻し、制御測定回路計1の受信入力端子INに戻す。
【0013】
制御測定回路計1は送信出力から受信入力までの時間、即ちガス通路3内の距離Lの超音波の伝搬時間Tを計測し計測データ信号T−DATAを出力し、計測データ信号T−DATAは保安制御回路5に取り込んで流量演算して保安監視に使用する一方で、伝播時間とガス濃度の相関関係式よりガス濃度を演算し、ガス濃度表示部4に表示する。
【0014】
保安制御回路5は計測データ信号T−DATAを取り込んで流量演算し、異常に使用量が増えた場合や、通常の使用状態と大きくかけ離れた時間使用されていることを検知すると、遮断手段6を駆動してガス通路3を遮断する。
【0015】
超音波センサ2(2A、2B)は送信、受信の可逆動作が可能で、切替手段7で接続を切り替えてガス通過方向に対して正負の2通りの方向で伝搬時間を測定し、その伝播時間の平均時間を測定データとし、ガスの流速成分を相殺してガス流速による伝播時間の変化の影響を避ける。
【0016】
また、本実施形態のガス濃度表示部4には、図2に詳細に示すような構成のガス濃度を表示する複数のLED8a〜8eを有するインジケータ8が設けられている。計測データ信号T−DATAはデコーダ9に接続されている。
【0017】
気体の分子量と超音波の伝播時間とは逆比例関係があるので大気より高密度のLPガスの場合エアパージが進むに従って伝播時間が長くなり、逆に大気より低密度の都市ガスの場合エアパージが進むに従って伝播時間が短くなる。大気の分子量と対比してガス種分類を行い、大気より低密度のガス種については計測データ信号T−DATAを反転処理(図示せず)してデコーダ9に入力すれば、いずれのガスもエアパージが進むに従ってLED8a〜8eが順番に点灯していく。
【0018】
エアパージ終了判定する際、ガス濃度の絶対値判定は誤差を伴ないやすいので、一定時間間隔で測定したガス濃度データが、設定したある範囲内の値を連続して示す時、ガス中の大気成分が完全に置換されたとみなし、エアパージ終了判定する。
【0019】
通常モードではプログラムされた瞬時流量や通過流量を超えると保安機能が働いて、エアパージを終了する前に遮断手段6が動作する事があリ、その都度遮断手段6を復帰開放する操作を繰り返す必要がある。これを回避するためエアパージモードを設定可能にし、エアパージモード選択時は保安機能を停止させる。
【0020】
エアパージモードを選択したままで解除するのを忘れると、保安機能が停止したままとなり、ガス保安装置として致命的な状態となる。これを回避する為に前述のエアパージ判定後は自動的に通常モードに戻すようにし、遮断手段6を閉じて待機状態にする。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、ガス濃度表示部にガス濃度が表示されるのでエアパージの進捗度が確認できる。
【0022】
また、ガス濃度が規定の標準状態に達したと判定すると自動的に通常モードになり、エアパージモードを解除し忘れる危険を回避できる。
【0023】
さらに、エアパージが終われば遮断弁を自動的に閉じるので、燃焼器具の傍でエアパージの終了まで待っている必要がないという効果を発揮する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施例のガス保安装置の構成図
【図2】同装置におけるインジケータを説明する回路図
【符号の説明】
1 制御測定回路
2 超音波センサ
3 ガス通路
4 ガス濃度表示部
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gas security device used for a gas supply path.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, for the purpose of safe use of city gas and LP gas, the amount of fuel gas (hereinafter referred to as “gas”) has been measured and increased abnormally. A security device that shuts off a gas passage when detecting that the device has been used for a long time has been widely used. This kind of security device takes a detection signal of a gas flow rate into a security control circuit, processes the signal by an internal microcomputer, monitors the gas flow rate, outputs a shutoff signal if there is an abnormality, and closes the shutoff valve. To detect the gas flow rate, a membrane type that measures the passing volume by the number of times the gas ventilates a measuring chamber with a predetermined volume, and an ultrasonic wave that measures the flow rate by calculating the gas flow rate of the gas flow path with a predetermined cross-sectional area There is an expression. The principle of ultrasonic flow detection is that the propagation time of an ultrasonic wave between two points in a gas passage is a function that includes the gas flow velocity. If the propagation time is measured, the gas flow velocity can be calculated backward. It is applied to know the flow rate from the area.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional gas safety apparatus has the following problems.
[0004]
(1) When the gas meter is installed for the first time, it is necessary to purge the air in the piping. Conventionally, it is necessary to determine the end of the air purge by observing the combustion state of the combustion equipment. It takes time and trouble to release.
[0005]
(2) Before the air purge is completed, the security function may be activated to operate the shut-off valve, and it is troublesome to repeat the operation of returning and opening the shut-off valve each time.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a gas safety device of the present invention includes a gas passage, a pair or more ultrasonic sensors installed at an appropriate distance in the gas passage, and one of the paired ultrasonic sensors. A control measurement circuit that emits ultrasonic waves and receives the ultrasonic waves and measures the propagation time of the ultrasonic waves is provided, and the propagation time data is taken into the gas security control circuit, the flow rate is calculated and used for security monitoring. , The gas concentration is determined based on the propagation time data and displayed on the gas concentration display section. According to the present invention, since the gas concentration is displayed on the gas concentration display section, there is an effect that the degree of progress of the air purge can be confirmed.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
(1) The gas density is calculated based on the propagation time data from the correlation equation between the density and the propagation time determined by the gas type, and this is displayed on the display unit.
[0008]
(2) When a gas is used, the flow velocity component is added to the sound speed inherent to the gas type, and the propagation time is not constant. Therefore, the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in two directions, positive and negative, is measured with respect to the gas flow, and the average of the propagation times is measured. Time is used as measurement data to cancel the gas flow velocity component.
[0009]
(3) If there is no change in the propagation time (gas concentration) over time, it is considered that the atmospheric components in the gas have been completely replaced, and the end of the air purge is determined.
[0010]
(4) In the air purge mode, the security function is stopped and the cutoff function is stopped.
[0011]
(5) After the completion of the air purge is determined, the security function is automatically restarted, and the system waits with the shut-off valve closed.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the gas safety device of the present invention. In the figure, an electric signal output from an oscillation output terminal OUT of a control measurement circuit 1 is acoustically converted by a transmission ultrasonic sensor 2 (2A), and an ultrasonic wave is emitted in a gas passage 3. The receiving ultrasonic sensor 2 (2B) installed at a distance L returns the captured ultrasonic wave to an electric signal again, and returns it to the receiving input terminal IN of the control and measurement circuit meter 1.
[0013]
The control and measurement circuit meter 1 measures the time from the transmission output to the reception input, that is, the propagation time T of the ultrasonic wave at the distance L in the gas passage 3 and outputs a measurement data signal T-DATA, and the measurement data signal T-DATA is While taking in the security control circuit 5 and calculating the flow rate and using it for security monitoring, the gas concentration is calculated from the correlation equation between the propagation time and the gas concentration and displayed on the gas concentration display section 4.
[0014]
The security control circuit 5 fetches the measured data signal T-DATA and calculates the flow rate. When the security control circuit 5 detects that the usage amount has increased abnormally or that the usage time has been greatly different from the normal usage state, the security control circuit 5 activates the shutoff means 6. It drives to shut off the gas passage 3.
[0015]
The ultrasonic sensor 2 (2A, 2B) is capable of reversible operation of transmission and reception, and switches the connection by the switching means 7 to measure the propagation time in two positive and negative directions with respect to the gas passage direction. Is used as measurement data, and the gas flow velocity component is canceled to avoid the influence of the change in the propagation time due to the gas flow velocity.
[0016]
Further, the gas concentration display section 4 of the present embodiment is provided with an indicator 8 having a plurality of LEDs 8a to 8e for displaying a gas concentration having a configuration as shown in detail in FIG. The measurement data signal T-DATA is connected to the decoder 9.
[0017]
Since the molecular weight of the gas and the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave are inversely proportional, the propagation time becomes longer as the air purge proceeds for LP gas having a higher density than the atmosphere, and the air purge proceeds for city gas having a lower density than the atmosphere. , The propagation time becomes shorter. If the gas type is classified by comparing with the molecular weight of the atmosphere, and the gas type having a density lower than that of the atmosphere is input to the decoder 9 by inverting the measurement data signal T-DATA (not shown) and inputting it to the decoder 9, all the gases are air purged. , The LEDs 8a to 8e are sequentially turned on.
[0018]
When determining the end of air purging, the absolute value determination of the gas concentration is likely to involve an error. Therefore, when the gas concentration data measured at regular time intervals indicates a value within a set range continuously, the air component in the gas is determined. Is completely replaced, and the end of the air purge is determined.
[0019]
In the normal mode, if the flow rate exceeds the programmed instantaneous flow rate or passing flow rate, the safety function is activated, and the shut-off means 6 may be operated before the air purge is completed. There is. To avoid this, the air purge mode can be set, and the security function is stopped when the air purge mode is selected.
[0020]
If the user forgets to release the air-purge mode while the air-purge mode is selected, the security function remains stopped, and a fatal state occurs as a gas security device. In order to avoid this, after the above-described air purge determination, the mode is automatically returned to the normal mode, and the shut-off means 6 is closed to enter a standby state.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the gas concentration is displayed on the gas concentration display section, the degree of progress of the air purge can be confirmed.
[0022]
When it is determined that the gas concentration has reached the specified standard state, the normal mode is automatically set, and the risk of forgetting to cancel the air purge mode can be avoided.
[0023]
Further, the shut-off valve is automatically closed when the air purge is completed, so that there is no need to wait for the completion of the air purge beside the combustion equipment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a gas safety device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating an indicator in the device.
1 control measurement circuit 2 ultrasonic sensor 3 gas passage 4 gas concentration display

Claims (5)

ガス通路と、前記ガス通路内に適宜の距離で設置した少なくとも一対の超音波センサと、前記一対の超音波センサの一方側から超音波を発し、他方側で超音波を受信し超音波の伝搬時間を測定する制御測定回路と、前記制御測定回路の伝搬時間測定結果をデータにしてガス濃度表示を行うガス濃度表示部とを備えたガス保安装置。A gas passage, at least a pair of ultrasonic sensors installed at an appropriate distance in the gas passage, and an ultrasonic wave emitted from one side of the pair of ultrasonic sensors, and the ultrasonic wave is received and transmitted on the other side. A gas safety device comprising: a control measurement circuit for measuring time; and a gas concentration display section for displaying a gas concentration by using a propagation time measurement result of the control measurement circuit as data. ガスの流れに対して正、負2方向の超音波の伝播時間を測定し、且つその伝播時間の平均時間を測定データとし、該当ガスの標準条件の伝播時間と比較してガス濃度を演算、表示する請求項1記載のガス保安装置。Measure the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the positive and negative two directions with respect to the gas flow, and calculate the gas concentration by comparing the average time of the propagation times with the propagation time under the standard conditions of the gas, The gas safety device according to claim 1, which is displayed. 一定時間間隔で測定した超音波の伝播時間データが、設定したある範囲内の値を連続して示す時、ガス濃度が規定の標準状態に達したと判定する請求項1又は請求項2記載のガス保安装置。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the propagation time data of the ultrasonic wave measured at a predetermined time interval continuously indicates a value within a set range, it is determined that the gas concentration has reached a specified standard state. 4. Gas security device. エアパージモードが設定可能な請求項1、2又は3記載のガス保安装置。4. The gas safety device according to claim 1, wherein an air purge mode can be set. ガス濃度が規定の標準状態に達したことを判定してエアパージ終了とし、このとき自動的にエアパージモードをクリアして通常モードに戻し、遮断弁を遮断状態にして待機状態となる請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のガス保安装置。It is determined that the gas concentration has reached a prescribed standard state, and the air purge is terminated. At this time, the air purge mode is automatically cleared and returned to the normal mode, and the shut-off valve is shut off to enter a standby state. 5. The gas safety device according to any one of 4.
JP2002191911A 2002-07-01 2002-07-01 Gas safety device Pending JP2004036937A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002191911A JP2004036937A (en) 2002-07-01 2002-07-01 Gas safety device
CNB031490824A CN1233953C (en) 2002-07-01 2003-06-26 Gas protector and method thereof
KR1020030044092A KR20040004103A (en) 2002-07-01 2003-07-01 Gas protective device and gas protective method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002191911A JP2004036937A (en) 2002-07-01 2002-07-01 Gas safety device

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KR (1) KR20040004103A (en)
CN (1) CN1233953C (en)

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JP2019124534A (en) * 2018-01-15 2019-07-25 東京瓦斯株式会社 Gas meter
JP2019220102A (en) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-26 東京瓦斯株式会社 Work monitoring system, and work monitoring method
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JP2019124534A (en) * 2018-01-15 2019-07-25 東京瓦斯株式会社 Gas meter
JP2019220102A (en) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-26 東京瓦斯株式会社 Work monitoring system, and work monitoring method
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