JP2003126968A - Method and device for direct acting friction welding - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for direct acting friction welding, which does not generate the slippage between the welding surfaces of members by nature, and, moreover, which does not necessitate a large and complex hydraulic control apparatus and thus enables substantial cost reduction. SOLUTION: A tabular intermediate material 5 larger than the welding surfaces 6 is held tight in between welding members 3, 4. Pressure is given toward the welding surfaces while maintaining the positions of the welding members. The intermediate material 5 is slid along the welding surfaces to generate frictional heat on the welding surfaces, by which the welding surfaces are welded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a direct friction welding method and apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Friction welding
ing) refers to a welding method in which base materials are butted against each other, pressurized, relatively rotated, and frictional heat generated on the contact surface is used for welding.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional friction welding cycle of a braking type and a charging type. In braking friction welding, the upset pressure is increased immediately before welding is completed and welding is performed, and the brake is applied to complete welding. Further, in the energy-accumulation type friction welding, rotational energy is stored in advance in the flywheel, and the rotational energy is braked to generate heat to complete welding when stopped.

In the above-mentioned conventional friction welding means, it is necessary to relatively rotate the members to be welded.
It is suitable for joining shafts. However, it cannot be applied to the case where a plurality of blades 1 are welded around the disk 2 as in the blisk illustrated in FIG.

[0005]

On the other hand, in recent years, FIG.
A part of linear friction welding (hereinafter referred to as direct friction welding) as shown in (A) has been proposed and implemented. In this direct friction welding, one or both of the members 3 and 4 to be joined are relatively vibrated, and they are joined in a solid layer state by friction heat.

This direct friction welding is used to manufacture the above-mentioned blisk (blade and disk assembly) for a gas turbine.
It is suitable for welding a wide range of materials from steel materials to titanium alloys in compressors, welding solidified materials in the radial direction in turbines, and welding single crystal nickel-base superalloys.

However, in this direct friction welding means, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), one or both of the members 3 and 4 to be joined are vibrated relatively, and then the vibration is stopped while applying pressure toward the joint surface 6 to perform welding, so the purpose is the final stage of joining. It is difficult to stop accurately at the position, and
As shown in (C), there is a problem that the joint surface 6 in the vibration direction tends to be displaced. When the displacement of the joint surface occurs, for example, the entire blisk needs to be remanufactured as a defective product.

Further, in order to stop at the target position at the final stage of joining, a large device using hydraulic pressure is indispensable, and moreover, it is necessary to control the vibration mechanism with high precision. There is a problem that it becomes complicated and very expensive (for example, hundreds of millions of yen or more).

The present invention was created to solve the above problems. That is, the main object of the present invention is to provide a direct-motion friction welding method and device in which a deviation is not essentially generated in the joint surface between members. Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct friction welding method and apparatus which eliminates the need for a large and complicated hydraulic control device and can significantly reduce the cost.

[0010]

According to the present invention, a flat intermediate member (5) larger than the joint surface (6) is sandwiched between the joint members (3, 4) to be joined. A direct-action friction welding method is provided, characterized in that pressure is applied toward the joint surface while maintaining the positional relationship, and the intermediate material (5) is slid along the joint surface and joined.

Further, according to the present invention, the positional relationship of the members to be joined with the flat intermediate member (5) larger than the joining surface (6) being sandwiched between the members (3, 4) to be joined. Positioning / pressurizing device (12) for applying pressure toward the joint surface while holding the same, intermediate material sliding device (14) for sliding the intermediate material (5) along the joint surface, and positioning and pressing device. And a welding control device (16) for controlling the intermediate material sliding device are provided.

According to the above method and apparatus of the present invention, the intermediate material sliding device (14) slides the intermediate material (5) along the joint surface, and the intermediate material is larger than the joint surface (6). Therefore, positioning accuracy at the time of joining is not required. Further, the positioning accuracy is required only for the joining parts, but since the positioning pressurizing device (12) applies pressure to the joining surfaces while maintaining the positional relationship of the members to be joined,
There is essentially no deviation in the joint surface between the members to be joined.
Further, since the flat plate-shaped intermediate material (5) can be thinned as long as it is larger than the joint surface, sliding (vibration or rotation) of the intermediate material is easy. Therefore, the entire device can be reduced in weight, and since it is not necessary to control the vibration mechanism with high precision, the need for a large and complicated hydraulic control device is eliminated, and a large cost reduction is possible.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sliding of the intermediate material (5) is a reciprocating motion or a rotary motion. After joining the members, the intermediate material (5) is machined into a predetermined shape. Further, the intermediate material sliding device (14) is a reciprocating device for reciprocating the intermediate material (5) or a rotary sliding device for rotating the intermediate material. By reciprocating (vibrating) the intermediate material (5), the contact of the joint surfaces heated by friction with the outside air is suppressed to a minimum, and a strong joint is obtained by joining the clean surfaces without oxide film. You can
Further, after joining the members, the intermediate material (5) can be machined into a predetermined shape to finish it into a desired shape. Further, by rotating the intermediate material, the drive mechanism of the intermediate material sliding device can be simplified.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each figure, the common part is denoted by the same reference numeral, and the duplicated description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 shows a first example of the direct friction welding apparatus according to the present invention.
It is a figure which shows embodiment, (A) is a whole block diagram, (B)
Is a member after joining. As shown in this figure, the direct-acting friction welding apparatus 10 of the present invention includes a positioning pressurizing device 12, an intermediate material sliding device 14, and a welding control device 16.

The positioning pressure device 12 is the positioning device 1.
2a and a pressure device 12b. Positioning device 12a
Is a jig for accurately positioning the members 3 and 4 to be joined while holding the members 3 and 4 slidably in the joining direction. The positioning device 12a holds the positional relationship between the members to be joined in a state where the flat plate-shaped intermediate material 5 larger than the joining surface 6 is sandwiched between the members 3 and 4.

The pressurizing device 12b is, for example, a hydraulic pressure-lowering device, and applies pressure by hydraulic pressure to the joining members 3 and 4 toward the joining surface 6. This pressure can be arbitrarily adjusted by hydraulic pressure.

The members 3 and 4 to be joined are, for example, the above-mentioned blade and disk. The members 3 and 4 are, for example, titanium alloys. The material of the members 3 and 4 is not limited to this, and may be a steel material, a solidified material, a single crystal material, a nickel-base superalloy, or the like as long as friction joining can be performed.

The intermediate member 5 is a flat plate larger than the joint surface 6. The size of the intermediate member 5 is such that reciprocating motion (vibration) or rotation along the joint surface 6 can be applied to the intermediate member itself from the outside of the members 3 and 4 to be joined, and the joining surface between the members 3 and 4 is large. 6
Set so that a part of the intermediate material is always located on the entire surface of.
The thickness of the intermediate material 5 is arbitrary, and it is preferable to make it as thin as possible so long as it can be driven by the intermediate material sliding device 14, and for example, about 5 mm. The material of the intermediate material 5 is selected according to the material of the members 3 and 4 to be joined, and basically the same material or a material having an intermediate composition is used.

The intermediate material sliding device 14 includes members 3 to be joined.
4 is accurately positioned and only the intermediate material 5 is joined to the joining surface 6
Slide along. In the example of FIG. 1, this sliding is reciprocating, and the intermediate material sliding device 14 is a reciprocating device that reciprocates (vibrates) the intermediate material 5. The amplitude and speed of the reciprocating motion of the intermediate material are arbitrary as long as the joint surface 6 can generate heat by friction and can be welded, and for example, an amplitude of 1 to 2 mm and about 60 cycles / second.

The welding control device 16 is, for example, a computer or a sequence control device, and is used as the positioning pressurizing device 12.
And the intermediate material sliding device 14 is controlled. This control is the braking type friction welding illustrated in FIG. 3, and the welding is completed by increasing the upset pressure and welding immediately before the welding is completed.

According to the method of the present invention using the above-mentioned apparatus, a flat plate-shaped intermediate material 5 larger than the joining surface 6 is sandwiched between the joining members 3 and 4, and the joining members are relatively positioned. A pressure is applied to the joint surface 6 while maintaining the relationship, and only the intermediate member 5 is reciprocated (vibrated) along the joint surface 6 and joined by friction heat of the joint surface 6 on both sides.

In the member after joining, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), the members 3 and 4 to be joined are accurately positioned, but the intermediate member 5 is in a state of a part protruding between them.
This protruding portion is removed by machining after welding.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the direct friction welding apparatus according to the present invention.
It is a figure which shows embodiment. In this figure, the intermediate material sliding device 14 is a rotary sliding device for rotating the intermediate material (5). Further, by using this rotary sliding device, the intermediate member 5
Only the joint is rotated along the joint surface 6 and the friction heat of the joint surface 6 is used to join the both surfaces. Other configurations and welding methods are similar to those of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

According to the method and apparatus of the present invention described above,
Only the intermediate material 5 is slid along the joint surface by the intermediate material sliding device 14, and since this intermediate material is larger than the joint surface 6,
Positioning accuracy at the time of joining is not required. Further, the positioning accuracy is required only for the joining parts, but since the positioning pressurizing device 12 applies pressure toward the joining surfaces while maintaining the relative positional relationship of the joining members,
There is essentially no deviation in the joint surface between the members to be joined.
Further, since the flat plate-shaped intermediate member 5 can be thinned as long as it is larger than the joint surface, sliding (vibration or rotation) of the intermediate member is easy. Therefore, the entire device can be reduced in weight, and since it is not necessary to control the vibration mechanism with high precision, the need for a large and complicated hydraulic control device is eliminated, and a large cost reduction is possible.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0027]

As described above, the direct friction welding method and apparatus of the present invention does not essentially cause a deviation in the joint surface between members, and eliminates the need for a large and complicated hydraulic control device.
It has excellent effects such as a significant cost reduction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a direct acting friction welding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of a direct acting friction welding device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of conventional friction welding.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a blisk which is an assembly of a blade and a disk.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of conventional direct-acting friction welding.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 blade, 2 disk, 3, 4 joining members,
5 Intermediate material, 6 Joining surface, 10 Direct friction welding equipment, 1
2 Positioning / pressurizing device, 12a Positioning device, 12b
Pressurizing device, 14 Intermediate material sliding device, 16 Welding control device

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A flat intermediate material (5) larger than the joining surface (6) is sandwiched between the joining members (3, 4) and directed toward the joining surface while maintaining the positional relationship of the joining members. A direct-motion friction welding method, characterized in that the intermediate material (5) is slid along the joint surface and joined by applying pressure. 2. The direct friction welding method according to claim 1, wherein the sliding of the intermediate member (5) is a reciprocating motion or a rotary motion. 3. The direct friction welding method according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate material (5) is machined into a predetermined shape after joining the members. 4. A joining surface while holding a positional relationship of the joining members, with a flat intermediate member (5) larger than the joining surface (6) being sandwiched between the joining members (3, 4). Positioning pressurizing device (12) for applying pressure toward the intermediate material, intermediate material sliding device (14) for sliding the intermediate material (5) along the joint surface, positioning pressing device and intermediate material sliding device And a welding control device (16) for controlling the direct-acting friction welding device. 5. The intermediate material sliding device (14) is a reciprocating device for reciprocating the intermediate material (5) or a rotary sliding device for rotationally moving the intermediate material.
The direct-motion friction welding device described in.