JP2003166540A - Rollers with retainer and reduction gear used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide rollers with a retainer which has a superior assembling property, obtains large load capacity in a specific space, is superior in roller guiding function, in rigidity, and in accuracy, and causes no trouble while the retainer is slidably touched with adjacent components. <P>SOLUTION: The rollers with the retainer provides the rollers 2 and the retainer 1 comprised of an outward member 3 and an inward member 4. The outward member 3 has a circular portion 3a in which the diameter is greater than that of a pitch circle diameter PCD of rollers arrangement, and a rib portion 3b in which both end portions are folded into an inner diameter side. The inward member 4 is formed in a circular shape with a diameter smaller than that of a pitch circle diameter PCD of the rollers arrangement. Pockets 5 and 6 are arranged in the outward and inward members 3 and 4, and the rollers 2 are used therein. The rib portion 3b may be arranged in the inward member 4 instead of arranging in the outward member 3. The non-rib side member among the outward and inward members 3 and 4 is set to be a split type having a slit 9 at one place of a peripheral direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roller with a retainer capable of obtaining a large load capacity within a fixed space, and a planetary gear speed reducer using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is a full complement type as a bearing which can obtain the maximum load capacity in a certain space. However, there is a problem in handling, that is, poor handling during assembly and disassembly. Yes, and there is an inherent functional problem with the roller skew during use. To solve these problems, various rollers with cages have been proposed. Since the cage holds the rollers,
It is necessary to prevent the rollers from slipping inward.

An example of the cage shown in FIG. 11 is shown. The cage 70 shown in the figure has an M-shaped cross section and has a central annular portion 71 having a diameter smaller than the roller pitch circle diameter PCD, an outer annular portion 72 having a diameter larger than the roller pitch circle diameter PCD, and an outer annular portion 72.
Is composed of collar portions 73, 73 bent to the inner diameter side. In this cage 70, the outer annular portion 72 prevents the rollers 74 from coming out, and the central annular portion 71 prevents the rollers 74 from coming inward. That is, the annular portions 71 and 7 respectively
Pockets 75 for accommodating rollers 74 are evenly distributed around the circumference of circle 2.
However, the width of the locking piece 76 protruding into the pocket 75 is made slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the roller 74. The roller 74 is mounted by elastically deforming the locking piece 76 of the pocket 75 from the inner diameter side.

Within a certain space (constant inner diameter, outer diameter),
When the number of rollers 74 incorporated in the cage 70 is increased, the column width dimension a in FIG. 11 (B) becomes smaller, and not only the working limit comes out, but also the cage strength decreases. Therefore, a cage having a basically different structure from that of the cage 70 shown in the example of FIG. Further, in the roller with cage to be interposed between the planetary gear and the crankshaft in the planetary gear speed reducer, there is a demand for the flange area of the cage. That is, in the case where two planetary gears are installed side by side on the adjacent eccentric shaft portions of the crankshaft, the collar portion of the cage comes into sliding contact with the width surface of the adjacent planetary gears as the eccentric shaft portions eccentrically rotate. Therefore, if the area of the flange is not large to some extent, it may interfere with the inner diameter of the adjacent planetary gears.

As a solution to such a problem, the present applicant has proposed the following (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-179).
544). This is the outer member 83, as shown in FIG.
And a cage 81 composed of an inner member 84 and rollers 82. The outer member 83 is a roller-arranged pitch circle diameter PC.
It has an annular portion 83a having a diameter larger than D and a flange portion 83b in which both axial ends of the annular portion 83a are bent toward the inner diameter side. The inner member 84 is formed in an annular shape having a diameter smaller than the pitch circle diameter PCD of the roller arrangement. Pockets 85, 8 are provided at a plurality of circumferential positions of the annular member 83a of the outer member 83 and the inner member 84.
6, the pockets 85, 8 of the outer and inner members 83, 84 are provided.
The roller 82 is accommodated over six. The one with a collar is
Either the outer member 83 or the inner member 84 may be used. In this way, the cage 81 is divided into the outer member 83 and the inner member 84.
In the case of being composed of parts, the pillar portions 87, 88 between the pockets can be processed to be narrow, and many rollers 82 can be accommodated in a limited space. Also, one member 8
Since 3 is provided with a collar, no trouble occurs even when it comes into sliding contact with an adjacent component.

However, the above proposed example has a problem in assembling. That is, in assembling this bearing, first, the pocket 85 of the member 83 on the flanged side of the cage 81 is formed.
The roller 82 is accommodated therein. After that, the member 84 on the collarless side is elastically mounted along the inscribed circle of the arrangement of the rollers 82 (if the member on the collarless side is an outer member, it is elastically mounted along the circumscribed circle). At the time of this elastic mounting, the member 84 on the side without a collar
However, it was difficult to elastically deform and it took a lot of time. In particular,
If the member 84 on the collarless side is made of metal, it is difficult to mount it unless the dimensional accuracy is strictly controlled.

An object of the present invention is that it is excellent in assemblability, can obtain a large load capacity in a certain space, and is excellent in roller guide function, strength and accuracy, and when a cage is in sliding contact with an adjacent part. It is to provide a roller with a cage that does not hinder the operation. Another object of the present invention is that there is no problem that the rollers with cages interposed between the planetary gear and the crankshaft interfere with the inner diameter of the adjacent planetary gears, and the assemblability is excellent, and the roller guide function, strength surface, accuracy It is an object of the present invention to provide a planetary gear speed reducer that is excellent in terms of size, can obtain a large load capacity in a fixed space, and can make the entire device compact.

[0008]

The roller with cage according to the first aspect of the invention comprises a cage including an outer member and an inner member. The outer member includes an annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and a flange portion bent from both axial end portions of the annular portion toward the inner diameter side. The inner member is formed in an annular shape having a diameter smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement.
Pockets are provided at a plurality of circumferential positions of the annular member of the outer member and the inner member, respectively, and the rollers are accommodated in the pockets of the outer member and the inner member. In the roller with cage having this structure, the inner member can be reduced in diameter to a diameter smaller than an inscribed circle diameter of the roller. According to this structure, the inner member can be reduced in diameter to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller, so that the roller is housed in the pocket of the outer member, which is the flanged member, during assembly. After that, when the inner member is mounted, the inner member can be mounted in a reduced diameter state from the inner diameter side of the roller array. Therefore, the assemblability is excellent.

Further, since the cage is composed of two parts, the outer member and the inner member, the outer member and the inner member are assigned the functions of the outer roller slip-out prevention and the inner roller slip-out prevention function, respectively. It is possible to simplify the function of each member. Therefore, the shapes of the outer member and the inner member are simple, the manufacturing is easy, and it is possible to raise the working limit of how narrow the pillar portion between the pockets can be. As a result, the number of rollers can be increased as much as possible in a constant space, and the maximum load capacity can be obtained. Further, since the outer member and the inner member are simple in shape in this way, the roller guide function is also improved, and the strength and accuracy can be excellent. In particular, if the strength of the pillar of the inner member decreases, where the width of the pillar is difficult to secure, the plate thickness of the inner member can be made thicker than that of the outer member. Become. Further, since the outer member is provided with the flange portion, a certain area can be secured in the flange portion, and therefore, even when the retainer is installed on the crankshaft or the like for supporting the planetary gear and slidably contacts the adjacent component, The cage does not interfere with the inner diameter surface of adjacent components such as the planetary gears.

The roller with cage according to the second aspect of the present invention differs from that of the first aspect in that the member with the collar is reversed inside and outside. That is, this roller with cage includes a cage composed of an outer member and an inner member, and a roller, and the outer member is formed in an annular shape having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement. Has an annular portion having a diameter smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and a collar portion that is bent from both axial ends of the annular portion to the outer diameter side, and the annular portion of the outer member and the inner member is In a roller with cage in which pockets are provided at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction, respectively, and the rollers are accommodated in the pockets of the outer member and the inner member, the outer member has a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller. The feature is that the diameter can be expanded. In this configuration, since the outer member can be expanded to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller, the roller is housed in the pocket of the inner member that is the member on the flange side during assembly. After that, when the outer member is mounted, the outer member can be mounted from the outer diameter side of the roller array in the expanded state. Therefore, the assemblability is excellent. Further, like the first aspect of the invention, a large load capacity can be obtained within a fixed space, and the roller guide function, strength, and accuracy are excellent, and there is no problem even when the cage is in sliding contact with an adjacent part. Can be something.

In the present invention, one of the outer member and the inner member on the side without a collar may be formed in an end shape. With such an end-like shape, even when made of a metal material, it can be easily elastically deformed to a reduced diameter state or an enlarged diameter state during assembly. In this invention,
A slit extending in the axial direction may be formed in the flange-free member of the outer member and the inner member. Even when the slit extending in the axial direction is formed in this manner, it can be easily elastically deformed to a reduced diameter state or an enlarged diameter state during assembly. When the slit is provided, the cross-sectional shape of the slit may be a shape in which both end portions in the circumferential direction of the member on the collarless side facing each other through the slit can be engaged with each other in the radial direction. This engagement may be performed in a state where the outer member and the inner member are assembled to each other,
Engagement does not necessarily have to occur in the single state of the member on the side without a collar. Further, even if the above-mentioned engagement occurs at all times, the both ends in the circumferential direction are normally separated from each other in the radial direction and do not engage, and the engagement occurs when the both ends are displaced from each other in the radial direction. May be. In this way, when the slit of the collarless side member has a shape that can be engaged in the radial direction, a radial load is applied to the rollers and the like adjacent to the slit forming portion, and the collarless side member is reduced in diameter or When a force to expand the diameter is generated, the opposite ends of the collarless member are engaged with each other via the slit. Therefore, the rigidity in the vicinity of the end on the opposite side of the end on which the load in the radial direction is applied in the member without the collar is also
It acts as a resistance against the load, and it is difficult for the member on the collarless side to expand or contract in diameter. Therefore, the rollers do not fall off due to the diameter expansion or the diameter reduction of the member without the collar, and the function of preventing the rollers from falling off is enhanced.

In the present invention, one or more positions in the longitudinal direction of the pillar portion between the pockets of the outer member may be formed in a groove-shaped bent portion which is recessed toward the inner diameter side. When the groove-shaped bent portion is formed in this way, even if the roller diameter is large and the plate thickness of the outer member is thin, the roller will deform the pillar portion of the outer member and go into the inside of the pillar portion. Is prevented.
Further, by providing the groove-shaped bent portion, the oil permeability at the contact portion with the column portion is improved, and the circulation property of the lubricating oil inside the cage is improved.

The roller with cage according to the present invention may be installed between the planetary gear in the planetary gear speed reducer and the crankshaft supporting the planetary gear.

The planetary gear speed reducer of the present invention comprises an internal or external sun gear, a carrier rotatably provided concentrically with the sun gear, and a plurality of adjacent carriers rotatably supported by the carrier. A crankshaft having an eccentric shaft portion,
In a planetary gear speed reducer including a plurality of planetary gears that are installed on each of the eccentric shafts of the crankshaft via a roller with a cage and mesh with the sun gear, the roller with a cage is provided with Use rollers with cages of either construction. That is, the roller with cage is housed in a cage composed of an outer member and an inner member, and in pockets provided at a plurality of circumferential positions of the outer member and the inner member to accommodate the cage and the planetary gears. It is composed of multiple rollers rolling between. The outer member and the inner member are each configured by an annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement and an annular portion having a small diameter, and one of the outer member and the inner member is the annular member. A collar portion extending radially toward the other member is provided at both axial ends of the portion. If the other member is an inner member, it can be reduced to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller array, and if it is an outer member, it can be expanded to a diameter larger than the outer circle of the roller arrangement. It is said that In this way, the planetary gear speed reducer in which the planetary gears are installed on the crankshaft has rollers with a cage interposed between the planetary gears and the crankshaft.
It is necessary to prevent interference with the inner diameter of adjacent planet gears. This prevention function can be obtained by the collar portion of the cage. In addition, in such a planetary gear speed reducer, a large load is required to support the planetary gears, and the supporting portion has a limited space, but it is divided into the above-mentioned outer member and inner member. With such a cage, it is possible to increase the number of rollers and the roller diameter in such a limited space, and it is possible to obtain a large load capacity.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A roller with cage according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This roller with cage comprises a cage 1 and a cage 2, and the cage 1 is composed of an outer member 3 and an inner member 4. The outer member 3 has an annular portion 3a having a diameter larger than the diameter of the pitch circle PCD of the roller arrangement, and a flange portion 3b which is bent and extends inward from both axial end portions of the annular portion 3a. Inner member 4
Is formed in an annular shape having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the pitch circle PCD of the roller arrangement. The annular portion 3a and the inner member 4 of the outer member 3 are cylindrical, and pockets 5 and 6 are provided at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction at equal intervals. These outer members 3
And the roller 2 is accommodated over the pockets 5, 6 of the inner member 4. The portions between the adjacent pockets 5 and the pockets 6 of the outer member 3 and the inner member 4 become pillars 7 and 8, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the outer member 3 which is the member on the side of the collar, the width m of the pocket 5 is the outer diameter D of the roller 2.
It is slightly smaller than a and prevents the roller 2 from falling out. Similarly, in the inner member 4 on the collarless side, the width n of the pocket 6 is formed to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter Da of the roller 2 to prevent the roller 2 from falling inward. The inner member 4, which is a member on the side without a collar, can be reduced in diameter to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the arrangement of the rollers 2. In this example, FIG.
As shown in (B), the inner member 4 has an end shape by forming a slit 9 at one position in the circumferential direction. That is, the inner member 4 is a split cylinder that is divided into one part in the circumferential direction. The slit 9 may be formed at a position where the pocket 6 of the inner member 4 is provided or a position where the pillar 8 is formed. In the elastically restored state, the inner member 4 is
It may be elastically pressed against the inner diameter end surface of the collar portion 3b of the outer member 3, or there may be a gap between the outer member 3 and the inner member 4.

According to this construction, at the time of assembly, the inner member 4 is mounted after the rollers 2 are housed in the pockets 5 of the outer member 3 which is the member with the collar. The inner member 4 is mounted from the inner diameter side of the roller array in a reduced diameter state. At this time, since the inner member 4 has an end shape, it can be easily elastically deformed to a diameter smaller than the diameter of the inscribed circle of the roller arrangement. Therefore, the assemblability is excellent. At the time of use, the cage 1 is composed of two independent members, an outer member 3 and an inner member 3, and the members 3 and 4 share the function of preventing the roller 2 from slipping outward and inward. Therefore, the manufacturing is easy and the working limit is relaxed. In a certain space, it is possible to increase the number of rollers 2 and the roller diameter to obtain a large load capacity, and also the roller guide function. It is possible to improve the strength and accuracy. Moreover, the outer member 3 is provided with a collar portion 3b.
Since the cage is provided, it is possible to prevent the cage 1 from interfering with the inner diameter surface of the adjacent component even when the cage 1 is in sliding contact with the adjacent component.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a roller with cage according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view thereof. In this embodiment, in the roller with cage according to the first embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the slit 9 is such that both end portions 4a, 4b in the circumferential direction of the inner member 4 facing each other through the slit 9 have a diameter equal to each other. The shape is engageable in the direction. The cross-sectional shape of both ends 4a, 4b is V
It has a shape protruding in a V shape and a shape recessed in a V groove shape, and the V-shaped protruding portion and the V groove-shaped recessed portion are fitted to each other through a gap. Both ends 4a, 4b
Need only be engaged in the radial direction, and there is always a gap in the radial direction as shown in FIG. Engagement occurs when the radial positions of the both ends 4a, 4b are displaced.
Further, this engagement may be performed in a state where the outer member 3 and the inner member 4 are assembled to each other, and in the single state of the inner member 4, that is, in the state where the inner member 4 naturally expands in diameter. Since the both ends 4a and 4b are separated from each other in the circumferential direction, no engagement occurs.

As described above, when the slits 9 have cross-sectional shapes that can be engaged with each other in the radial direction, the following advantages can be obtained.
That is, when a load F in the radial direction is applied to the rollers 2 and the like adjacent to the portion where the slit 9 is formed, and a force that reduces the diameter of the inner member 4 is generated, the slit 9 is simply formed. In the case of a shape, since both ends are not connected, bending is likely to occur, and it is conceivable that the inner member 4 is reduced in diameter and the roller 2 falls off. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the rigidity of the entire inner member 4. However, if the slits 9 are shaped so as to be engageable with each other in the radial direction as in this embodiment, both ends 4a and 4b facing each other through the slits 9 engage with each other when a slight bending occurs. Fit. Therefore, the rigidity of the inner member 1 in the vicinity of the end portion 4b on the opposite side to the vicinity of the end portion 4a on which the load F is applied also depends on the load F.
To the inner member 1 and the inner member 1 is less likely to be reduced in diameter. Even when the radial load Fb is applied near the opposite end 4b, the diameter reduction of the inner member 1 is less likely to occur as described above. Therefore, the rollers 2 can be prevented from falling off due to the diameter reduction of the inner member 4 without a design for increasing the rigidity of the entire inner member 4, and the function of preventing the rollers from falling off is enhanced. Other configurations and effects in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The cross-sectional shape of the slit 9 which causes such engagement is such that both ends 4a and 4b can be engaged with each other and the diameter of the inner member 4 can be reduced by the slit 9. Of course, various shapes such as those shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C can be adopted. In the example of FIG. 6A, both ends 4a forming the slit 9 of the inner member 4,
The cross-sectional shape of 4b is a shape in which a plurality of V groove-shaped portions are arranged in parallel and a shape in which the V-shaped protruding portions are arranged in parallel. The protruding portions and the V-groove-shaped portions are fitted with each other with a gap. In the example of FIG. 6B, the cross-sectional shape of both end portions 4a and 4b forming the slit 9 of the inner member 4 is a shape in which a ridge 4aa having a rectangular cross-section is provided, and a cross-sectional rectangle meshing with the ridge 4aa. It has a shape having the groove portion 4ba. Both side surfaces of the protrusion 4aa may be in contact with both side surfaces of the groove portion 4ba. That is, in the normal state, both ends 4a and 4b may be already engaged in the radial direction. The example of FIG. 6C is similar to the example of FIG. 6B in that the cross-sectional shapes of the protrusion 4aa and the groove portion 4ba are
The projection has an arcuate tip, and the bottom has an arcuate shape.

FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, so to speak, the configurations of the outer member 3 and the inner member 4 of the first embodiment are reversed. The outer member 3A is formed in an annular shape having a diameter larger than the diameter of the pitch circle PCD of the roller arrangement. The inner member 4A includes an annular portion 4Aa having a diameter smaller than the pitch circle diameter PCD of the roller arrangement, and the annular portion 4Aa.
4Ab that extends by bending from both axial ends of the
Have and. The outer member 3A and the inner member 4A have annular portions 4Aa provided with pockets 5A and 6A, respectively, at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction at equal intervals, and the rollers 2 are accommodated in both pockets 5A and 6A.

The outer member 3A, which is a member on the side without a collar, can be expanded to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the arrangement of the rollers 2. In this example, as shown in FIG. 7B, the outer member 3A
Has an end shape by forming a slit 9A at one position in the circumferential direction. That is, the outer member 3A is
It is a split cylinder in one place in the circumferential direction. Slit 9
The location where A is formed may be the location where the pocket 6A of the outer member 3A is present or the location where the pillar portion 8A is formed. In the elastically restored state, the outer member 3A is elastically pressed against the outer diameter end surface of the flange 4Ab of the inner member 4A.

In the case of this construction, at the time of assembly, the roller 2 is housed in the pocket 6A of the inner member 4A, which is the member on the flange side, and then the outer member 3A is mounted. The outer member 3A is mounted from the outer diameter side of the roller arrangement in the expanded state. At this time, since the outer member 3A has an end shape, it can be easily elastically deformed to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement. Therefore, the assemblability is excellent. Also in this embodiment, a large load capacity can be obtained within a certain space, and the roller guide function, strength, and accuracy are excellent, and the cage 1
It is the same as in the above embodiment that there is no problem even when A is in sliding contact with an adjacent component.

However, in the case of this embodiment, the outer member 3
A is preferably set to have a shorter axial length than the inner member 4A. This is for the following reason. Outer member 3A
If a split is used, the centrifugal force may be generated by the rotation of the bearing, the split opening may open, and the outer member 3A may loosen and move in the axial direction. When the axial length of the outer member 3A is shortened, even if the outer member 3A moves slightly in the axial direction due to loosening, it is prevented from projecting in the axial direction more than the flange portion 4Ab of the inner member 4A. Therefore, the problem of interference with adjacent parts can be avoided. Since the outer member 3A has the roller 2 in the pocket 5A, the maximum distance that the outer member 3A can move in the axial direction is 2 times the pocket gap δ. Therefore, the length of the outer member 3A is set in consideration of the pocket axial gap δ as follows. For example, (length of outer member axial direction) ≦ (length of inner member axial direction −2 × δ).
Further, the tip end portion of the collar portion 4Ab of the inner member 4A has a stepped shape in which the inner side in the width direction is lowered, and the outer member 3A has the collar portion 4A.
You may make it fit in the lower part of b. In this way, the configuration in which the tip of the collar portion is stepped and the member on the collarless side is fitted is also applicable to the case where the outer member is the member on the collar side as in the first embodiment. .

Even in the embodiment in which the outer member 3A is on the side without a collar as described above, the shape of the slit 9A is the same as that of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, respectively.
Both ends in the circumferential direction of the outer member 3A facing each other through A may be configured to be engageable with each other in the radial direction. As a result, when the roller 2 or the like near the slit 9A exerts an outward load in the radial direction to generate a force to expand the outer member 3A, the outer member 3A expands in diameter. It becomes difficult, and the function of preventing the roller 2 from falling off is improved.

The outer member 3A and the inner member 4A described above are used.
The relationship between the axial lengths of No. 1 and No. 2 has been described with respect to an example in which the inner member 4A is provided with a collar. However, when the outer member 3 is provided with the collar as in the first embodiment, an outer member is The member 3 preferably has a longer axial length than the inner member 4.
When the outer member 3 is on the flanged side, for example, (outer member axial length) ≧ (inner member axial length + 2 ×
δ) is preferable. δ is a pocket axial gap.

In each of the above embodiments, the cage 1, 1A
The manufacturing method and material of the members 4 and 3A on the side without a collar in
You can do the following: For example, members 4 and 3A on the side without a collar
After rolling the strip and welding both ends, the strip may be divided at one position in the circumferential direction, or the strip may be simply rounded. The reason for splitting after rolling and welding is that it is easy to obtain the perfect circular accuracy of the split end portion. The material used for the members 4 and 3A on the flange-less side may be heat-treated using, for example, low carbon steel or spring steel, whether it is processed from the strip or other processing methods. Can be done. The heat treatment may be quenching such as carburizing or quenching, or may be followed by tempering. Instead of quenching, surface hardening treatment such as soft nitriding treatment may be performed. The members 4 and 3A on the flangeless side may be formed by shaving or pressing. Member on the side without a collar 4, 3A
The material used in (1) may be a metal-based material such as an iron-based material or a synthetic resin material. The material used for the members 3 and 4A on the flanged side may be a metallic material or a synthetic resin material.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the members 4 and 3A on the flange-less side are end-shaped members divided by the slit 9 at one position in the circumferential direction. , 3
A may be provided with slits (not shown) which do not reach the entire length in the axial direction at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction.
Even when the slits are formed in this way, it is easy to reduce or expand the diameter by elastic deformation. Further, when a slit that does not reach the entire length in the axial direction is provided, the cross-sectional shape of the slit is such that the both ends in the circumferential direction of the members 4 and 3A on the collarless side that face each other through this slit. The shapes may be such that they can be engaged with each other in the radial direction. Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the outer members 3, 3A and the inner members 4, 4 are all provided.
Although the annular portions 3a and 4Aa of A form the column portions between the pockets, the annular portions 3a and 4Aa may form the claw portions instead of the column portions.

FIGS. 8A and 8B show another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 in that a groove-shaped bent portion 11 is formed by recessing one position in the longitudinal direction of the pillar portion 7 between the pockets 5 of the outer member 3 toward the inner diameter side. It was formed in. Groove 11
Is a portion in which the cross-sectional shape along the axial direction of the cage 1 is a groove shape, and the entire column width of the column portion 7 is a groove shape. The groove-shaped bent portion 11 is recessed toward the inner diameter side on both inner and outer surfaces, and the plate thickness of the column portion 7 is substantially the same for the groove-shaped bent portion 11 and other portions. The groove shape of the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is trapezoidal. The groove-shaped bent portion 11 is formed at the center of the column portion 7 in the length direction, and its width is set to about 1/3 to 1/2 of the length of the column portion 7. The groove depth of the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is
For example, the plate thickness of the pillar portion 7 is approximately the same. The groove-shaped bent portion 11 may be provided at a plurality of positions in the length direction of the column portion 7. The material of the outer member 3 may be a press-formed product of a metal plate such as a steel plate or a machined product of a metal material such as steel. Other configurations in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

When the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is formed in the column portion 7 as in this embodiment, the roller 2 is prevented from slipping inside the column portion 7 of the outer member 3. In addition, the groove-shaped bent portion 11
By providing the above, the oil permeability at the contact portion between the pillar portion 7 and the portion 2 is improved, and the circulation property of the lubricating oil into the inside of the cage 1 is improved.

The above diving will be described. When the outer member 3 of the cage 1 is a pressed product, the upper limit of the plate thickness t is limited. FIG. 8C shows the case where the diameter of the roller 2 is large in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 for comparison. The angle α in FIG. 8C is
A guide portion (roller contact portion) 7a of the roller 2 in the pillar portion 7,
A straight line passing through the center of the roller 2 is an angle formed with respect to a line orthogonal to the radial direction of the cage at the center of the roller. It is desirable that the guide portion angle α be as small as possible in terms of bearing function. However, as shown in FIG. 8C, (1) the roller diameter is large, (2) the cage 1 must be guided to the outer diameter, and (3) the plate thickness t of the outer member 3 is changed. If it cannot be increased more than this, the guide portion angle α becomes large. When the guide portion angle α becomes large, there is a possibility that the roller 2 may deform the guide portion 7a of the column portion 7 to the outer diameter side due to a load and sneak under the column portion 7. Against such diving, FIG.
When the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is provided as shown in (A), the guide portion 7a of the column portion 7 is provided with the groove-shaped bent portion 11 as shown in FIG.
And the pillar portion 7 is located on the inner diameter side as compared with the case where the pillar portion 7 is linear. Therefore, the guide portion angle α becomes small, and it becomes difficult for diving to occur.

When the outer member 3 of the cage 1 is machined to be a machined product, its plate thickness t can be adjusted arbitrarily. However, if the plate thickness t is increased in order to prevent diving, the cage will be 1 increases in weight, which is not preferable in terms of function and material cost. Therefore, even when the outer member 3 is a machined product, if the groove-shaped bent portion 11 is provided, the cage weight is prevented from increasing, and the function deterioration and the material cost increase are suppressed, while preventing the sinking. can do. Further, the action of improving the circulation of the lubricating oil in the cage 1 by the groove-shaped bent portion 11 can be obtained as in the case of the pressed product.

Although the embodiment of FIG. 8 has been described with reference to the example in which the outer member 3 is provided with a collar, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. Even in the case of using a collar, by providing the groove-shaped bent portion 11 in the outer member 3A, the effect of preventing diving and the effect of improving the circulation of the lubricating oil can be obtained.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show an example of a planetary gear speed reducer to which the roller with cage according to the present invention is applied. This planetary gear reduction device includes an internal gear ring gear 21, a carrier 22 serving as a rotation output portion, and a crankshaft 23 having a plurality of eccentric shaft portions 23a and 23b rotatably supported by the carrier 22 and adjacent to each other. The ring gear 2 is rotatably installed on each eccentric shaft portion 23a, 23b of the crankshaft 23.
It has a plurality of planetary gears 24, 25 meshing with one and a rotation input section 26 for inputting rotation to the crankshaft 23. The ring gear 21 is an internal tooth sun gear. The ring gear 21 is fixed to the housing 27, and the carrier 22 is installed in the housing 27 via a bearing 28 (FIG. 10) so as to be rotatable concentrically with the ring gear 21. The rotation input unit 26 includes an input shaft 29 that is concentric with the ring gear 21,
The transmission gear 30 is provided on each crankshaft 23 and meshes with the gear portion of the input shaft 29. Crankshaft 23
Indicates a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction of the carrier 22 (for example, three positions)
It is provided in. As shown in FIG. 10, the planetary gears 24 and 25 are installed on the eccentric shaft portions 23 a and 23 b of the crankshaft 23 via rollers 31 with a retainer, respectively. As the roller with cage 31, the roller with cage of the present invention, for example, the roller with cage of the first or second embodiment is used.

The operation of this planetary gear speed reducer will be described.
When the central input shaft 29 is rotated, the three crankshafts 23 rotate via the transmission gear 30 in synchronization with each other. Here, the first stage deceleration is performed. The crankshaft 23 and the planetary gears 24 and 25 are connected via a roller 31 with a retainer, and the whirling of the crankshaft 23 is the planetary gear 2
4 and 25 are synchronized with the combined motion of the revolution and the rotation when rotating inside the ring gear 21 having internal teeth. The two planetary gears 24, 25 aligned in the axial direction revolve around the inner circumference of the internal gear ring gear 21 in a state of being 180 ° out of phase with each other. Therefore, 2
The inertial forces due to the whirling of the planetary gears 24, 25 cancel each other out. The inner toothed ring gear 21 is fixed, and the planetary gears 24 and 25 rotate around the inner circumference of the inner toothed ring gear 21. The three crankshafts 23 serve as the output member of the carrier 22.
It is sandwiched between the disc parts 22a and 22b. Therefore, the revolutions of the planetary gears 24 and 25 reach the carrier 22 through the revolutions of the crankshaft 23, and a decelerated rotational movement is obtained.

In the planetary gear speed reducer having this structure, a large load acts on the roller 31 with the cage interposed between the planetary gears 24, 25 and the crankshaft 23, and the installation space of the roller 31 with the cage is small. The space is limited in order to avoid an increase in the size of the entire reduction gear transmission. In addition, the cage of the roller 31 with cage is provided with the adjacent planetary gears 24, 2
Sliding contact with the width surface of 5. However, according to the roller with cage of each of the above-described embodiments, a large load capacity can be obtained within a limited space, and the outer member 3 or the inner member 4 can be obtained.
Since any one of them has the flange portion 3b protruding toward the other member side, the adjacent planetary gears 24, 2 are eccentric to each other.
Even by sliding contact with the width surface of 5, the planetary gears 24, 25
There is no problem of interfering with the inner diameter surface of the.

[0037]

According to the roller with cage of the present invention, when the cage is composed of two independent members, an outer member and an inner member, when the member without the collar is the inner member, The diameter can be reduced to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and in the case of an outer member, the diameter can be increased to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement, resulting in excellent assemblability. In addition, the cage is composed of two independent members, the outer member and the inner member, and each member has the function of preventing the rollers from falling inward and outward. The upper limit is relaxed,
The maximum load capacity can be obtained by increasing the number of rollers and the diameter of the roller within a fixed space, and the roller guide function is also improved, which is excellent in strength and accuracy. Moreover, since the flange portion is provided on one of the outer member and the inner member, even when the cage is in sliding contact with the adjacent component, it is possible to prevent the interference with the inner diameter surface of the adjacent component. The planetary gear speed reducer of the present invention has a structure in which rollers with a cage are interposed between the planetary gear and the crankshaft, but there is no problem that the cage interferes with the inner diameter of the adjacent planetary gears.
The roller guide function, strength, and accuracy of the roller with cage are excellent, and a large load capacity can be obtained within a fixed space, so that the entire apparatus can be made compact.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view of a roller with cage according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front view thereof.

FIG. 2 is a cutaway front view of the roller with cage.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the roller with cage.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a roller with cage according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged front view of the roller with cage.

6A to 6C are partially enlarged front views of rollers with a retainer according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7A is a vertical sectional view of a roller with cage according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a front view thereof.

FIG. 8A is a partial vertical sectional view of a roller with cage according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8B is its VIII-V.
A sectional view taken along line III, (C) is a sectional view of still another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a planetary gear speed reducer using the rollers with the same retainer.

FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway side view of the planetary gear reduction device.

FIG. 11A is a partial perspective view of a conventional cage with roller, and FIG. 11B is a partial cross-sectional view of the roller with cage.

FIG. 12 is a partial vertical sectional view and a partial horizontal sectional view of another conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Cage 2 ... 3 ... Outer member 3a ... annular part 3b ... Tsuba 4 ... Inner member 5, 6 ... Pocket 1A ... Cage 2A ... 3A ... Outer member 3Aa ... annular part 3Ab ... Tsuba 4A ... Inner member 5A, 6A ... Pocket 21 ... Ring gear (sun gear) 22 ... Career 23 ... Crankshaft 23a, 23b ... Eccentric shaft portion 24, 25 ... Planetary gears 26 ... Input section 31 ... Roller with cage PCD ... Pitch circle diameter

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Ayumu Yamamoto             Entier, 1578 Higashi-Kaizuka, Iwata City, Shizuoka Prefecture             Nu Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 3J027 FA18 FA19 FA20 FA36 GB03                       GC02 GC24 GC26 GD04 GD08                       GE21                 3J062 AB06 AC02 BA01 BA12 CC04                 3J101 AA12 AA13 AA24 AA32 AA42                       AA52 AA62 BA21 BA34 BA45                       FA31 FA46 FA53 GA11

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A cage comprising an outer member and an inner member, and rollers, wherein the outer member has an annular portion having a diameter larger than a pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and an axial direction of the annular portion. The inner member is formed in an annular shape having a diameter smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and a plurality of annular portions of the outer member and the inner member are formed in the circumferential direction. In a roller with cage in which pockets are provided at respective positions and the rollers are housed over the pockets of the outer member and the inner member, the inner member can be reduced in diameter to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller. Roller with cage characterized by being. 2. A cage comprising an outer member and an inner member, and rollers, wherein the outer member is formed in an annular shape having a diameter larger than a pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement, and the inner member is arranged in a roller arrangement. A plurality of annular portions having a diameter smaller than the pitch circle diameter, and a collar portion bent from the axial end portions of the annular portion to the outer diameter side, and the annular portions of the outer member and the inner member are circumferentially plural. In a roller with cage in which pockets are provided at respective positions and the rollers are accommodated in the pockets of the outer member and the inner member, the outer member can be expanded to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller. Roller with cage characterized by being. 3. The roller with cage according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one of the outer member and the inner member, which has no flange, is formed in an end shape. 4. The roller with cage according to claim 1, wherein a slit extending in the axial direction is formed in one of the outer member and the inner member which is on the side without a collar. 5. A slit extending in the axial direction is formed in the collarless side member of the outer member and the inner member,
The holding according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the slit is a shape in which both ends in the circumferential direction of the member on the flange-less side facing each other through the slit are engageable with each other in the radial direction. With a bowl. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one or more positions in the longitudinal direction of the pillar portion between the pockets of the outer member are formed in a groove-shaped bent portion which is recessed toward the inner diameter side. Roller with the indicated cage. 7. The needle roller with cage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is installed between a planetary gear in a planetary gear reduction device and a crankshaft supporting the planetary gear. 8. A crankshaft having an internal or external sun gear, a carrier rotatably provided concentrically with the sun gear, and a plurality of eccentric shaft portions rotatably supported by the carrier and adjacent to each other. And a plurality of planetary gears that are installed on each of the eccentric shaft portions of the crankshaft via rollers with a cage and mesh with the sun gear, wherein the rollers with a cage are externally arranged. A cage composed of a member and an inner member, and a plurality of rollers which are housed in pockets provided at a plurality of circumferential positions of the outer member and the inner member and roll between the planetary gear and the crankshaft. However, the outer member and the inner member are each configured by an annular portion having a diameter larger than the pitch circle diameter of the roller arrangement and an annular portion having a small diameter, and one of the outer member and the inner member is Above ring At both ends in the axial direction of the portion, there is a flange portion that extends in the radial direction toward the other member side, and the other member, if it is an inner member, can be reduced in diameter to a diameter smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement, A planetary gear speed reducer capable of expanding to a diameter larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the roller arrangement when the member is an outer member.