JP2003156209A - Gas supply device, gas supply utilizing system, gasifying/ fusing system, and gas supply method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas supply device that sufficiently decomposes tar component in generated gas generated in a gasifying chamber and can improve combustion efficiency in a combustion chamber, using a material for gasification that hardly generates char. SOLUTION: This gas supply device comprises the gasifying chamber for making hot flow medium c1 flow, forming a fluidized bed having a first interface, and gasifying first treated material a1 in the fluidized bed, and the combustion chamber 602 for making hot flow medium c2 flow, forming a fluidized bed having a second interface, burning second treated material a2 and char h generated in the gasifying chamber in the fluidized bed to heat the flow medium c2. The gasifying chamber and the combustion chamber are partitioned by a first partition wall 615 over the interfaces of respective fluidized beds, a communication port 625 for communicating the gasifying chamber with the combustion chamber lies in the lower part of the first partition wall, height of the upper end of the communication port is not higher than the first interface and the second interface, and the flow medium heated in the combustion chamber is moved from the combustion chamber side to the gasifying chamber side through the communication port.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a gas supply device, a gas supply method, a gas supply utilization system, and a gasification and melting system. Further, the present invention relates to a gasification and melting system having a pyrolysis gasification of various wastes and solid fuels, char combustion, and a function of melting ash. Further, a combustible gas obtained by thermally decomposing various wastes and solid fuels, solid particles such as char and ash, a gas supply device for supplying to a gas utilization device such as a cement firing process, a blast furnace, a glass manufacturing process, The present invention relates to a gas supply method and a gas supply / use system including the gas supply device and the gas use device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional gas supply device is provided with a (fluidized bed) gasification chamber and a (fluidized bed) combustion chamber, and raw materials are supplied only to the gasification chamber as raw materials for gasification. The fluidized medium (generally using silica sand) accompanied by char generated by the thermal decomposition of is sent from the gasification chamber to the combustion chamber, where the char is burned, and the sensible heat from this combustion becomes the fluidized medium. The fluidized medium to which the sensible heat was given was returned to the gasification chamber and the raw material was thermally decomposed. Further, among the conventional gas supply and utilization systems, attention has been focused on a gas supply and utilization system equipped with a gas utilization device that utilizes gas obtained from the above-described gas supply device.

Further, the conventional gasification and melting system uses a fluidized bed formed of fluidized sand (silica sand) to pyrolyze and gasify various wastes and fuels such as solid fuel to produce fluidized bed gasification. It was comprised including the furnace and the melting furnace which burns the combustible gas generated by the fluidized bed gasification furnace and melts the ash contained in the combustible gas.

In the fluidized bed gasification furnace, the air sent to the bottom of the furnace forms a silica sand fluidized bed on an air dispersion plate provided in the fluidized bed gasification furnace. The raw material supplied to the fluidized bed gasification furnace is supplied to the fluidized bed of silica sand to come into contact with the silica sand and air to be partially combusted and rapidly pyrolyzed and gasified.
Silica sand and non-combustibles discharged as discharges from the discharge outlet on the bottom of the furnace were carried out and discharged by the non-combustibles discharging device.

The combustible gas leaving the fluidized bed gasification furnace is supplied to the melting furnace with a part of the combustion gas, and the combustible gas is mixed with the preheated air in the primary combustion chamber in a swirling flow. However, high-speed complete combustion is performed at a high temperature of 1200 ° C to 1500 ° C. Combustion is completed in the inclined secondary combustion chamber. By this combustion, the ash content in the combustible gas is melted and discharged as molten slag from the bottom of the slag separation section of the melting furnace.

[0006]

The conventional gas supply device provided with the (fluidized bed) gasification chamber and the (fluidized bed) combustion chamber as described above has a large volatile component ratio, and therefore, in the gasification chamber. When the gasification raw material in which char is hardly generated is supplied, the combustion heat generated by the char combustion in the combustion chamber is insufficient, and the bed temperature of the combustion chamber fluidized bed is not maintained sufficiently high. Therefore, even when sensible heat is applied to the fluidized medium in the combustion chamber and the fluidized medium to which the sensible heat is applied is conveyed from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber, the amount of sensible heat of the fluidized medium in the entire gasification chamber is insufficient. For this reason, it is not possible to apply a sufficient amount of heat to the gasification chamber, and as a result it becomes impossible to sufficiently raise the temperature of the fluidized bed in the gasification chamber, the tar content in the flammable gas is not sufficiently decomposed, and tar troubles, etc. Sometimes there was a problem.

Further, the char generated when gasifying coal or the like has a poor ignitability of the char itself and has a low initial burning rate unless it contains an appropriate volatile component. Therefore, only char that has been once supplied to the gasification chamber and released volatile matter is not burned in the fluidized bed of the combustion chamber and is often released to the outside of the system as unburned matter. As a result, the temperature of the fluidized bed in the combustion chamber does not rise, and the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber deteriorates.Therefore, the temperature in the fluidized bed in the gasification chamber is not sufficient, which causes tar troubles. was there.

In the gasification and melting system as described above, since the combustible gas containing the combustion gas is supplied to the melting furnace, the inlet duct of the melting furnace may be clogged due to adhesion of ash and the like.

When a carbon-rich raw material is used, a large amount of residual char remains in the exhaust discharged from the fluidized bed gasification furnace, which sometimes causes clinker in the exhaust. In the case of high calorie raw materials, the oxygen ratio in the fluidized bed gasification furnace is low, and the amount of combustion in the melting furnace is large, so the air ratio after the melting furnace must be increased to suppress the temperature in the melting furnace. In some cases, the amount of exhaust gas was too large in the exhaust gas system after the melting furnace. Further, in the case of a low-calorie raw material, the temperature in the melting furnace must be raised to a temperature higher than that required for melting, and a large amount of auxiliary combustion by a burner was required.

Therefore, the first aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a large amount of gasification raw material in which char is less likely to be generated, gasification raw material in which the generated char has poor ignitability, and harmful substances are contained. A gas that can sufficiently decompose the tar component in the generated gas generated in the gasification chamber and improve the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber even if a raw material that does not easily generate char is used. Supply device, gas supply utilization system,
It is an object to provide a gasification and melting system and a gas supply method.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a gasification and melting system in which an inlet duct of a melting furnace is less likely to be clogged due to adhesion of ash and the like.

The third aspect of the present invention suppresses the generation of residual char when a carbon-rich raw material is used, further suppresses the amount of exhaust gas from the melting furnace when a high-calorie raw material is used, and further reduces the calorie raw material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gasification and melting system which can reduce the amount of auxiliary combustion when used and can cope with various raw materials.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, a gas supply device 1101 according to the invention according to claim 1 is
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a high temperature fluidized medium c1 is fluidized inside to form a fluidized bed of a gasification chamber 1001 having a first interface, and a first object to be treated a1 is formed in the fluidized bed of the gasification chamber.
Gasification chamber 1001 for gasifying gas; high-temperature fluidized medium c2
Inside the combustion chamber 1002 having a second interface
A fluidized bed is formed, and the second object a2 is transferred to the combustion chamber 1002.
Combustion in the fluidized bed, or combustion in which the second object a2 and the char h generated by the gasification in the gasification chamber 1001 are combusted in the combustion chamber 1002 to heat the fluidized medium c2 A chamber 1002 is provided; the gasification chamber 1001 and the combustion chamber 1002 are partitioned by a first partition wall 1015 above the interface of the respective fluidized beds in the vertical direction, and below the first partition wall 1015. Gasification chamber 100
1 is a communication port 1025 that communicates with the combustion chamber 1002, and the height of the upper end of the communication port 1025 is equal to or lower than the first interface and the second interface.
The fluidized medium c2 heated in the combustion chamber 1002 is moved from the combustion chamber 1002 side to the gasification chamber 1001 side through the communication port 1025.

With this configuration, the gasification chamber 1001
And a combustion chamber 1002, and the gasification chamber 1001 and the combustion chamber 1002 are partitioned by the first partition wall 1015 above the interface of the respective fluidized beds in the vertical direction. Even if the gas pressure of 1002 fluctuates, the problem that the combustible gas b and the combustion gas e are mixed and the pressure balance is lost does not occur. Then, through the communication port 625 of the first partition wall 1015, the combustion chamber 100
The fluidized medium c2 can be stably moved from the second side to the gasification chamber 1001 side, and the combustible gas b can be stably generated in the gasification chamber 1001.

In the case of the carbon-rich first object (raw material) a1, the amount of char h produced in the gasification chamber 1001 is large, but the char h produced in the gasification chamber 1001 is converted into the combustion chamber 1002. If it is burned in, the gasification chamber 100
1. Emissions c3, c4, d1, d from the combustion chamber 1002
The amount of char h remaining in 2 can be suppressed.

Since the combustion chamber 1002 burns the second object to be treated a2, in the case of the first object to be treated a1 for gasification in which char is unlikely to occur, the second object to be treated in the combustion chamber 1002 is used. The combustion heat of the combustion chamber 1002 can be increased by the combustion of a2, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 1002 can be increased, and sufficient sensible heat can be given to the fluidized medium in the combustion chamber 1002, so that the sensible heat is sufficiently supplied to the gasification chamber 1001. Therefore, as a result of the rise in the temperature of the fluidized bed in the gasification chamber, the tar content in the combustible gas b can be sufficiently decomposed, and the tar trouble problem can be avoided.

Further, even in the case of the first object to be treated a1 which produces the char h having low ignitability, the temperature of the combustion chamber 1002 is raised by burning the second object to be treated a2 in the combustion chamber 1002. By increasing the combustion speed of the char h, the char h can be surely burned in the combustion chamber 1002, the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber 1002 can be maintained, and the sensible heat supply to the gasification chamber 1001 is sufficient. Therefore,
The fluidized bed temperature of the gasification chamber can be maintained sufficiently, and the problem of tar trouble caused by the combustible gas b due to gasification can be avoided.

When the combustible gas b is combusted in the first gas utilization device 1204, it may be either complete combustion or partial combustion. Further, pyrolysis is a concept including gasification. Further, the gasification chamber 1001 and the combustion chamber 1002 are typically arranged so that there is no gas flow vertically above the interface between the respective fluidized beds.
It is partitioned by a partition wall 1015. The first processed object a1 and the second processed object a2 may be different types in advance or may be the same.

The gas supply device according to claim 1 further comprises a heat recovery chamber 1003 provided in contact with the combustion chamber 1002, as shown in FIG. 3, for example: the combustion chamber 1002 and the heat recovery chamber 1003 A second partition wall 1012 for partitioning the fluidized bed portion of the fluidized bed of the combustion chamber 1002 is provided between the second partition wall 1012 and the second partition wall 1012.
An opening 1022 is formed in a lower portion of the partition wall 1012 of the combustion chamber 1002, and the fluidized medium in the combustion chamber 1002 is formed in the second partition wall 1012.
Flows into the heat recovery chamber 1003 from the upper part of the opening 1022
A circulation flow returning to the combustion chamber 1002 through may be formed. The lower part of the partition wall is typically near the hearth surface. According to this structure, since the heat recovery chamber 1003 is provided, the heat generated in the combustion chamber 1002 can be recovered, and the heat amount required in the gasification chamber 1001 and the combustion chamber 10 can be reduced.
By collecting the difference from the amount of heat generated in 02, the layer temperature of the combustion chamber 1002 or the gasification chamber 1001 can be kept constant, that is, the heat balance can be achieved.

A gas supply device 1 according to the second aspect of the invention.
101 and 1701 are, in the gas supply device according to claim 1, gasification chamber 10 as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, for example.
The first gas path 1 for supplying the combustible gas b generated in 01, 1601 to the first gas utilization devices 1204, 1801
231, 1232, 1234, 1820 and the combustion chamber 10
02, 1602 generated combustion gas e, flammable gas b
And a second gas path 1235, 1821, 1822 which is separately supplied to the first gas utilization device 1801 or is supplied to the second gas utilization device 1211.

First gas paths 1231, 1232, 12
34, 1820 and the second gas paths 1235, 182.
1, 1822, gasification chambers 1001, 16
The combustible gas b generated in 01 is supplied to the first gas path 1820.
Through the second gas paths 1235, 1821, 1 separately from the combustible gas b by supplying the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chambers 1002, 1602 to the first gas utilization device 1801 through
Supply to the first gas utilization device 1801 through 822,
Alternatively, it can be supplied to the second gas utilization device 1211.

In order to achieve the above object, a gas supply and utilization system 1301 according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a first gas utilization device 1204 and a gas supply device 1101 according to the second aspect as shown in FIG. 3, for example. With. With this configuration, the combustible gas b supplied by the gas supply device 1101
Can be used in the first gas utilization device 1204, and the combustion gas e can be utilized in the first gas utilization device 1204 or the second gas utilization device 1211.

In order to achieve the above object, a gas supply method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the first object to be treated a1 is thermally decomposed into combustible gas b and char h. A gasification step of generating; burning the second object to be treated a2, or burning the second object to be treated a2 and the char portion h generated in the gasification step to generate a combustion gas e. And a combustion step for obtaining the amount of heat necessary for the thermal decomposition reaction in the gasification step; the gasification step is performed in a fluidized bed formed of a high temperature fluid medium c1; 2 of the object to be treated a2, or a heating step of heating the fluidized medium c2 with the amount of heat obtained by the combustion of the second object to be treated a2 and the char portion h; The fluidized medium c2 heated in the process is used for at least part of the shape. It carried out in the fluidized bed to be.

A gas supply method according to a fifth aspect is the gas supply method according to the fourth aspect, wherein, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the combustible gas b generated in the gasification step is used as a first gas. A first gas supply step of supplying to the device 1204; a combustion gas e generated in the combustion step is supplied to the first gas utilization device 1204 separately from the combustible gas b, or a second gas utilization Second feeding device 1211
And a gas supply step.

In order to achieve the above object, a gasification and melting system 901 according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, thermally decomposes an object a1 to be treated to combustible gas b and char h.
A gasification chamber 601 for generating a gas; and a combustion chamber 6 for combusting the char h generated in the gasification chamber 601 to generate a combustion gas e.
02; a melting furnace 801 that burns the combustible gas b generated in the gasification chamber 601 to melt ash; and the gasification chamber 6
A first gas passage 820 for supplying the combustible gas b generated in 01 to the melting furnace 801; and a combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602 for supplying to the melting furnace 801 separately from the combustible gas b Second gas passages 821 and 822 are provided.

With this configuration, the gasification chamber 601
And the combustion chamber 602, the melting furnace 801, the first gas passage 820, and the second gas passages 821 and 822. Therefore, the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602 is transferred to the gasification chamber 6
01 and the second combustible gas b supplied through the first gas path 820 separately from the second gas paths 821, 82.
2 to the melting furnace 801. Therefore, the combustible gas b is supplied from the first gas path 820 to the melting furnace 8
01 and the introduction part for introducing the combustion gas e from the second gas paths 821, 822 to the melting furnace 801 can be separate, so that the gas temperature and the gas flow velocity at each introduction part can be different. Can prevent the turbulence of the gas temperature,
It is possible to prevent the clogging due to the adhesion of the ash content f and the like at each introduction portion due to the disturbance of the gas flow velocity. The combustion of the combustible gas b in the melting furnace 801 may be complete combustion or partial combustion.

In the gasification and melting system 901 according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a high temperature fluidized medium c1 is made to flow inside, and a gasification chamber 601 having a first interface flows. A gasification chamber 601 which forms a bed and gasifies the object a1 in the gasification chamber fluidized bed; and a high temperature fluid medium c2 is fluidized therein to form a combustion chamber fluidized bed having a second interface. And a combustion chamber 602 that heats the fluid medium c2 by burning the char h generated by the gasification in the gasification chamber 601 in the combustion chamber 602 in the fluidized bed; and burns the combustible gas b to melt the ash f. A melting furnace 801 for supplying the combustible gas b generated in the gasification chamber 601 to the melting furnace 801; and a combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602 separately from the combustible gas b. The second gas supplied to the melting furnace 801. Paths 821 and 822 are provided; the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 are partitioned by a first partition wall 615 so that there is no gas flow vertically above the interface between the fluidized beds. Below the first partition wall 615 is a communication port 625 which connects the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602, and the height of the upper end of the communication port 625 is below the first interface and the second interface. A certain communication port 625 is formed, and the fluidized medium c2 heated in the combustion chamber 602 is moved from the combustion chamber 602 side to the gasification chamber 601 side through the communication port 625.

With this configuration, the gasification chamber 601
A combustion chamber 602, a melting furnace 801, a first gas passage 820, and second gas passages 821 and 822. The gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 are separated from the interface of the respective fluidized beds. Since it is partitioned by the first partition wall 615 so that there is no gas flow in the upper part in the vertical direction, even if the gas pressures in the chambers 601 and 602 fluctuate, the pressure balance is lost and the combustible gas b is burned. The problem that the gas e is mixed does not occur. Then, through the communication port 625 of the first partition wall 615, from the combustion chamber 602 side to the gasification chamber 601.
The fluidized medium c2 can be stably moved to the side, and the combustible gas b can be stably generated in the gasification chamber 601. Further, the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602
Can be supplied to the melting furnace 801 through the second gas paths 821 and 822 separately from the combustible gas b generated in the gasification chamber 601 and supplied through the first gas path 820. The combustion of the combustible gas b in the melting furnace 801 may be complete combustion or partial combustion.

A gasification and melting system 901 according to the invention according to claim 8 is the gasification and melting system according to claim 6 or 7, as shown in FIG. Branch from the combustion chamber 60
A third gas path 824 for guiding the combustion gas e generated in 2 is provided; the melting furnace 801 has an outlet gas path 802 for guiding the exhaust gas j that has left the melting furnace 801;
Connects to the outlet gas path 802.

With this configuration, the third gas passage 8
24, the third gas path 824 is the outlet gas path 8
02, the exhaust gas j exiting the melting furnace 801 can be guided to the outlet gas path 802. Therefore, particularly in the case of the low-calorie object to be processed a1, the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602 is passed from the second gas paths 821, 822 to the third gas path 824 to bypass the melting furnace 801 and Since the combustion gas e can be separated from the combustible gas b by guiding it to the outlet gas path 802 of 801, the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the combustible gas b is mainly used to increase the combustion temperature of the combustible gas b. It is not necessary to use it to raise the temperature of the combustion gas e that has burned in the chamber 602. Therefore, the amount of auxiliary fuel for raising the combustion temperature of the combustible gas b in the melting furnace 801 can be reduced.

A gasification and melting system 1101 according to the invention according to claim 9 is the gasification and melting system according to any one of claims 6 to 8 as shown in FIG. And a third object supply path 708, 709, 710 for supplying the object a1 to the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602. Is configured.

According to this structure, the third object supply paths 708, 709, 710 supply the object a1 to the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602, so that the carbon-rich object (raw material) ) In the case of a1, the gasification chamber 6
Since the amount of char h generated in 01 is large, the gasification chamber 60
By burning the char h generated in No. 1 in the combustion chamber 602, the amount of the char h remaining in the emissions c3 and d2 can be suppressed. Since the combustion gas e is supplied to the melting furnace 801 separately from the combustible gas b, the amount of the combustion gas e can be increased separately from the amount of the combustible gas b.
Therefore, in the case of the high calorie object a1, the combustion chamber 60
The combustion amount of the object to be treated a1 is increased by 2 and the gasification chamber 601
It is possible to suppress the gasification of the object to be processed a1 in the above step and to suppress the amount of the combustible gas b which is burned in the melting furnace 801. Therefore, the temperature rise in the melting furnace 801 is suppressed, and the melting furnace 801
It is not necessary to suppress the temperature rise by excessively supplying air to the exhaust gas, and it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of exhaust gas. In the case of the low-calorie object a1, since the combustible gas b and the combustion gas e can be separated, the heat energy generated by the combustion of the combustible gas b is mainly used to increase the combustion temperature of the combustible gas b, Since it is not necessary to use it to raise the temperature of the combustion gas e burned in the chamber 2, the amount of auxiliary fuel for raising the combustion temperature of the combustible gas b in the melting furnace 801 can be reduced.

Further, the third object supply paths 708 and 7 are provided.
09 and 710, the third workpiece supply path 7
08, 709, and 710 can supply the object a1 to be treated to the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602.
Therefore, the object to be treated a1 can be gasified in the gasification chamber 601, and the object to be treated a1 can be combusted in the combustion chamber 602.

A gasification and melting system 901 according to the tenth aspect of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the gasification and melting system according to any one of the sixth to ninth aspects, in the gasification chamber 601. A first incombustible material discharge device 653 for discharging the first incombustible material d1 that has exited from the first incombustible material d1;
And a first heat exchanger 651 for recovering heat from the incombustible substance d1.

According to this structure, since the first incombustibles discharging device 653 and the first heat exchanger 651 are provided,
By taking heat from the first incombustible material d1 discharged by the first incombustible material discharging device 653 by the first heat exchanger 651, the temperature of the first incombustible material d1 can be lowered,
It is possible to prevent the occurrence of clinker on the first incombustible material d1.

A gasification and melting system 901 according to the invention according to claim 11 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the gasification and melting system according to any one of claims 6 to 10, a combustion chamber 602 is provided. A second incombustible material discharging device 658 for discharging the emitted second incombustible material d2; and a second incombustible material discharging device 658 disposed between the combustion chamber 602 and the second incombustible material d2 to recover heat from the second incombustible material d2. And a second heat exchanger 656 that operates.

According to this structure, since the second incombustible material discharging device 658 and the second heat exchanger 656 are provided,
By taking heat from the second incombustible material d2 discharged by the second incombustible material discharging device 658 by the second heat exchanger 656, the temperature of the second incombustible material d2 can be lowered, and the second incombustible material d2 can be lowered. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of clinker on the incombustible material d2.

A gasification and melting system 901 according to the invention according to claim 12 is the gasification and melting system according to any one of claims 6 to 11, as shown in FIG. 1, for example. A cyclone 811 installed in the second gas paths 821 and 822 on the upstream side of the branch point where the gas path 824 branches, and separating the char h and the ash f from the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602; And a return path 823 for independently supplying the separated char h and ash f to the melting furnace 801.

With this configuration, the cyclone 811
And the return path 823, the cyclone 811
The char h and the ash f are separated from the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602 by the
The separated char h and ash f can be independently supplied to the melting furnace 801. Therefore, the combustible char h is separated from the combustion gas e and burned in the melting furnace 801.
The ash content f can be separated from the combustion gas e and melted in the melting furnace 801 to increase the slag conversion rate.

[0040]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same or corresponding members are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

(In the first embodiment, the first object to be processed,
The concept of the second processed object is not used, but the processed object is specified. ) FIG. 1 is a flow diagram schematically showing the basic configuration of a gasification and melting system 901 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The gasification and melting system 901 includes an integrated gasification furnace 701 as a gas supply device and a swirling melting furnace (hereinafter referred to as a melting furnace) 801 as a melting furnace. The integrated gasification furnace 701 has a gasification chamber 601 in which waste or fuel (raw material) a1 as an object to be processed is externally introduced into the gasification chamber 601, and is thermally decomposed and gasified, and waste as the object to be processed. Alternatively, the fuel (raw material) a1 is charged into the combustion chamber 602 from the outside, the waste or fuel (raw material) a1 is burned, and the char h produced in the gasification chamber 601 is generated.
And a combustion chamber 602 that burns the gas. The combustible gas b generated in the gasification chamber 601 is supplied to the melting furnace 801, and the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602 is supplied to the melting furnace 801 as described later. It is configured to be supplied or supplied to the outlet gas path 802 without passing through the melting furnace 801.

The raw material a1 introduced from the outside into the supply passage 708 as the third workpiece supply passage is supplied to the supply passage 710 as the third workpiece supply passage by the raw material distributing device (not shown). The raw material a1 is fed into the gasification chamber 601 by a screw feeder (not shown) provided in the supply path 710, which is distributed to the supply path 709 as the third object supply path, while the material provided in the supply path 709 is not provided. The raw material a1 is transferred to the combustion chamber 6 by the illustrated screw feeder.
It is thrown in 02.

Here, the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 are separated by a partition wall or the like so that the respective atmospheres are not mixed. The integrated gasification furnace 701 includes a gasification chamber 60.
A mechanism for separating the char (unburned carbon) h obtained in No. 1 from the gasification chamber 601, and the char h obtained in the gasification chamber 601
Alternatively, it is provided with a heat transfer means for transferring the combustion heat obtained when the raw material a1 is burned in the combustion chamber 602 to the gasification chamber 601, and preferably the char h which is separated from the gasification chamber 601 is transferred to the combustion chamber 602. Means are provided. More preferably, the mechanism for separating the char h from the gasification chamber 601, the char transport mechanism, and the combustion heat transfer means are performed using a fluid medium, and more preferably, each chamber 601 is 602 are integrated together. Different materials may be supplied to the supply path 710 and the supply path 709, respectively.

Here, the structure of the gasification furnace 701 will be described with reference to the conceptual sectional view of FIG. The gasification furnace 701 includes a gasification chamber 601, a combustion chamber 602, and a heat recovery chamber 60 which are respectively in charge of three functions of thermal decomposition, that is, gasification, combustion, and heat recovery.
3, and is housed in a furnace body 701A having a cylindrical shape as a whole. The furnace body 701A may have a rectangular column shape. Gasification chamber 601, combustion chamber 602, heat recovery chamber 6
Reference numeral 03 is divided by a partition wall, and a fluidized bed that is a concentrated layer containing a fluidized medium is formed at the bottom of each partition.

The fluidized bed of each chamber 601, 602, 603, that is, the fluidized medium of the gasification chamber fluidized bed, the combustion chamber fluidized bed, and the heat recovery chamber fluidized bed, is placed at the bottom of each chamber in order to flow the fluidized medium. ,
An air diffuser for blowing the fluidizing gases g1 and g2 into the fluidized medium is provided. The air diffuser is configured to include, for example, a perforated plate laid on the bottom of the furnace, and the perforated plate is divided into a plurality of chambers in the width direction to change the superficial velocity of each part in each chamber. In addition, the flow velocity of the fluidizing gas blown out from each room of the air diffuser through the perforated plate is changed. Since the superficial velocity is relatively different in each part of the chamber, the fluidized medium in each chamber also has a different flow state in each part of the chamber, so that an internal swirl flow is formed. The internal swirl flow circulates in each chamber in the furnace because the flow state is different in each part of the chamber. In the figure, the size of the white arrow on the diffuser indicates the flow velocity of the fluidizing gas blown out. For example, 602
The thick arrow at the portion indicated by b has a larger flow velocity than the thin arrow at the portion indicated by 602a.

A partition wall 611 and a partition wall 615 as a first partition wall partition the space between the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602, and a second partition wall serves as a space between the combustion chamber 602 and the heat recovery chamber 603. The gasification chamber 601 is partitioned by a partition wall 612.
The space between the heat recovery chamber 603 and the heat recovery chamber 603 is partitioned by a partition wall 613 (since this drawing shows a cylindrical furnace in a plan view, the partition wall 611 is a gasification chamber 601 and a combustion chamber. 60
2 and the partition wall 613 is shown as if it were not between the gasification chamber 601 and the heat recovery chamber 603). That is, the gasification furnace 701 includes the chambers 601 and 6
02 and 603 are not configured as separate furnaces but are integrally configured as one furnace. Further, the combustion chamber 602
A sedimentation combustion chamber 604 is provided in the vicinity of the surface contacting the gasification chamber 601 to lower the fluidized medium. That is, the combustion chamber 6
02 is divided into a sedimentation combustion chamber 604 and a combustion chamber main body portion 605 other than the sedimentation combustion chamber 604. Therefore, the sedimentation combustion chamber 6
A partition wall 614 for partitioning 04 from the other part of the combustion chamber (combustion chamber main body 605) is provided. The sedimentation combustion chamber 604 and the gasification chamber 601 are separated by a partition wall 615.

Here, the fluidized bed and the interface will be described.
The fluidized bed consists of a concentrated layer in the vertically lower part, which contains a fluidized medium (for example, silica sand) in a fluidized state by the fluidizing gas, and a fluidized medium in the vertically upper part of the concentrated layer. It consists of a splash zone where a large amount of gas coexists and the fluid medium is vigorously splashing. Above the fluidized bed, that is, above the splash zone, there is a freeboard section containing almost no fluidized medium and mainly gas.
The interface refers to the splash zone having a certain thickness, but may also be regarded as a virtual surface intermediate between the upper surface and the lower surface of the splash zone (the upper surface of the rich layer).

Further, "partitioned by a partition wall so that gas does not flow above the interface of the fluidized bed in the vertical direction."
In that case, it is preferable that the gas does not flow above the upper surface of the dense layer below the interface.

The partition wall 611 between the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 is almost entirely partitioned from the furnace ceiling 619 to the furnace bottom (perforated plate of the air diffuser), but the lower end is the furnace bottom. There is an opening 621 near the bottom of the furnace. However, the upper end of the opening 621 does not reach above the interface between the gasification chamber fluidized bed interface and the combustion chamber fluidized bed interface. More preferably, the upper end of the opening 621 does not reach above the upper surface of the rich layer of the gasification chamber fluidized bed or the upper surface of the rich layer of the combustion chamber fluidized bed. In other words, it is preferable that the opening 621 always be formed in the dense layer. That is, the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 are separated by the partition wall 611 so that there is no gas flow at least in the freeboard portion, that is, above the interface, and more preferably above the upper surface of the dense layer. It will be partitioned.

The partition wall 612 between the combustion chamber 602 and the heat recovery chamber 603 has its upper end in the vicinity of the interface, that is, above the upper surface of the rich layer, but below the upper surface of the splash zone. The lower end of the partition wall 612 is up to the vicinity of the furnace bottom, and like the partition wall 611, the lower end does not contact the furnace bottom, and there is an opening 622 near the furnace bottom that does not reach above the upper surface of the rich layer. In other words, the combustion chamber 6
02 between the heat recovery chamber 603 and the heat recovery chamber 603 only the partition wall 612
The partition wall 612 has an opening 622 near the hearth surface, and the fluidized medium in the combustion chamber 602 flows from the upper part of the partition wall 612 into the heat recovery chamber 603.
2 through the opening 622 near the hearth surface again
It is configured to have a circulation flow returning to 2.

A partition wall 613 between the gasification chamber 601 and the heat recovery chamber 603 completely partitions the furnace bottom to the furnace ceiling. The upper end of the partition wall 614 that partitions the interior of the combustion chamber 602 to provide the settling combustion chamber 604 is near the interface of the fluidized bed, and the lower end is in contact with the furnace bottom. The relationship between the upper end of the partition wall 614 and the fluidized bed is similar to the relationship between the partition wall 612 and the fluidized bed. The partition wall 615 that separates the settling combustion chamber 604 and the gasification chamber 601 is similar to the partition wall 611, and partitions almost entirely from the furnace ceiling to the furnace bottom, and the lower end does not contact the furnace bottom. , The opening 6 near the bottom of the furnace as a communication port
25, and the upper end of this opening 625 is below the upper surface of the dense layer. That is, the relationship between the opening 625 and the fluidized bed is the same as the relationship between the opening 621 and the fluidized bed.

The raw material a1 charged in the gasification chamber 601 receives heat from the fluidized medium c1 and is thermally decomposed and gasified. Typically, the raw material a1 does not burn in the gasification chamber 601, and is so-called dry distillation. The remaining carbonization char h flows into the combustion chamber 602 through the opening 621 in the lower part of the partition wall 611 together with the fluidized medium c1. The char h thus introduced from the gasification chamber 601 burns in the combustion chamber 602 to heat the fluidized medium c2. The fluidized medium c2 heated by the combustion heat of the char h in the combustion chamber 602 flows into the heat recovery chamber 603 over the upper end of the partition wall 612, and is arranged so as to be below the interface in the heat recovery chamber 603. After being collected by the in-layer heat transfer tube 641 and cooled, it again flows into the combustion chamber 602 through the lower opening 622 of the partition wall 612.

Here, in the heat recovery chamber 603, the gasification and melting system 901 according to the embodiment of the present invention (see FIG. 1).
In some cases, heat recovery may not be performed. That is, when the amount of heat generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 602 and the amount of heat required to maintain the temperature state of the entire integrated gasification furnace 701 are substantially equal to each other, the heat recovery chamber 60 will take heat from the fluidized medium c.
No heat recovery by 3 is performed.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the heat recovery chamber 603 is provided and the raw material a1 is supplied to the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602, a carbon-rich raw material (for example, coal) that produces a large amount of char h is produced. To a low-calorie raw material that hardly generates char h (for example, municipal waste) and a high-calorie raw material (for example, waste plastic), a wide variety of wastes or fuels can be handled. That is, no matter what kind of waste or fuel is practically used, the amount of the raw material a1 supplied to the gasification chamber 601 and the amount of the raw material a1 supplied to the combustion chamber 602 are changed to change the heat recovery amount in the heat recovery chamber 603. By adjusting the temperature, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 602 can be appropriately adjusted, and the temperature of the fluidized medium c1 can be appropriately maintained.

On the other hand, the fluidized medium c2 heated in the combustion chamber 602 exceeds the upper end of the partition wall 614 and flows into the sedimentation combustion chamber 604, and then the opening 625 at the lower part of the partition wall 615.
Flows into the gasification chamber 601.

Here, the flow state and movement of the flowing medium between the chambers will be described. The vicinity of the surface in contact with the partition wall 615 between the sedimentation combustion chamber 604 inside the gasification chamber 601 is
It is a strong fluidization region 601b in which a stronger fluidization state is maintained as compared with the fluidization of the sedimentation combustion chamber 604. As a whole, it is preferable to change the superficial velocity of the fluidizing gas depending on the place so that the mixed diffusion of the charged raw material a1 and the fluidized medium c1 is promoted. As an example, as shown in FIG. A weak fluidization region 601a is provided in addition to the region 601b so that a swirl flow is formed.

The combustion chamber 602 has a weak fluidization region 602 at the center.
a, having a strong fluidization region 602b in the peripheral portion, and a fluidizing medium c2
And the char h forms an internal swirl flow, and the mixed diffusion of the charged raw material a1 and the fluidized medium c2 occurs. It is preferable that the fluidization rate in the strong fluidization zone in the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 is 5 Umf or more and the fluidization rate in the weak fluidization zone is 5 Umf or less, but the weak fluidization zone and the strong fluidization It is safe to exceed this range as long as there is a clear relative difference in the range. A strong fluidization zone 602b is preferably arranged in a portion of the combustion chamber 602 which is in contact with the heat recovery chamber 603 and the settling combustion chamber 604. If necessary, it is preferable to provide a gradient on the bottom of the furnace so as to descend from the weak fluidization zone side to the strong fluidization zone side (not shown). Here, Umf is a unit in which the minimum fluidization speed (speed at which fluidization is started) is 1 Umf. That is, 5 Umf is 5 times the minimum fluidization rate.

In this way, the combustion chamber 602 and the heat recovery chamber 60 are
By keeping the fluidized state on the side of the combustion chamber 602 near the partition wall 612 with respect to No. 3 in a fluidized state relatively stronger than the fluidized state on the side of the heat recovery chamber 603, the fluidized medium c2 becomes
12 over the upper end near the interface of the fluidized bed
The fluidized medium c2 that has flowed into the heat recovery chamber 603 side from the second side moves downward (toward the furnace bottom) due to the relatively weak fluidized state in the heat recovery chamber 603, that is, the high density state, and the partition It moves from the heat recovery chamber 603 side to the combustion chamber 602 side through (the opening 622 of) the lower end of the wall 612 near the furnace bottom.

Similarly, the fluidized state on the side of the combustion chamber body 605 near the partition wall 614 between the body of the combustion chamber 602 and the settling combustion chamber 604 is relatively stronger than the fluidized state on the side of the settling combustion chamber 604. By maintaining the fluidized state, the fluidized medium c2 moves and flows from the side of the combustion chamber body 605 to the side of the settling combustion chamber 604 over the upper end of the partition wall 614 near the interface of the fluidized bed. The fluidized medium c2 that has flowed into the settling combustion chamber 604 moves downward (toward the bottom of the furnace) due to the relatively weak fluidized state in the settling combustion chamber 604, that is, the high density state, and the bottom of the partition wall 615. The lower end (opening 62 of the
5) Passing through the settling combustion chamber 604 side to the gasification chamber 601
Move to the side. Here, the fluidized state on the gasification chamber 601 side in the vicinity of the partition wall 615 between the gasification chamber 601 and the sedimentation combustion chamber 604 is maintained at a relatively stronger fluidized state than the fluidization state on the sedimentation combustion chamber 604 side. Is dripping This assists the movement of the fluidized medium c2 from the settling combustion chamber 604 to the gasification chamber 601 by an attracting action.

Similarly, the fluidized state on the combustion chamber 602 side near the partition wall 611 between the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 is relatively stronger than the fluidized state on the gasification chamber 601 side. Is kept at. Therefore, the fluidized medium c1 is below the interface of the fluidized bed of the partition wall 611, preferably below the upper surface of the dense layer (submerged in the dense layer).
21 and flows into the combustion chamber 602 side.

The heat recovery chamber 603 is fluidized uniformly as a whole, and usually the combustion chamber 60 is in contact with the heat recovery chamber 603 at maximum.
The fluidized state is maintained to be weaker than the fluidized state of No. 2. Therefore, the superficial velocity of the fluidizing gas in the heat recovery chamber 603 is controlled within the range of 0 to 3 Umf, and the fluidizing medium c2 forms a settling fluidized bed while gently flowing. 0 here
Umf is the state in which the fluidizing gas has stopped. With such a state, heat recovery in the heat recovery chamber 603 can be minimized. That is, the heat recovery chamber 603 can arbitrarily adjust the amount of recovered heat in the range from the maximum to the minimum by changing the fluidization state of the fluidized medium c2. Further, in the heat recovery chamber 603, the fluidization may be uniformly started / stopped or the strength thereof may be adjusted throughout the chamber, but it is also possible to stop the fluidization of a part of the area and place the other in the fluidized state. However, the strength of the fluidized state in a part of the area may be adjusted.

The relatively large incombustible material d1 contained in the raw material a1 as the first incombustible material is discharged from the incombustible material discharge port 633 provided at the furnace bottom of the gasification chamber 601. Further, the furnace bottom surface of each chamber may be horizontal, but the furnace bottom may be inclined in accordance with the flow of the fluid medium in the vicinity of the furnace bottom so as not to create a stagnant portion of the flow of the fluid medium c1. An incombustible discharge port 634 is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 602. The incombustible discharge port may be provided at the furnace bottom of the heat recovery chamber 603.

The most preferable fluidized gas in the gasification chamber 601 is to pressurize the gas for recycling. In this way, the gas that comes out of the gasification chamber 601 is purely the combustible gas b generated from the fuel, and a very high quality gas can be obtained. If this is not possible, it is preferable to use a gas containing as little oxygen as possible (oxygen-free gas) such as steam, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) or combustion gas e obtained from the combustion chamber 602. When the bed temperature of the fluidized medium c1 decreases due to an endothermic reaction during gasification, combustion exhaust gas having a temperature higher than the thermal decomposition temperature is supplied as necessary, or oxygen or oxygen is added to the oxygen-free gas. A gas containing the gas, for example, air may be supplied to burn a part of the combustible gas b. The fluidizing gas supplied to the combustion chamber 602 is a gas containing oxygen necessary for combustion, such as air, or a mixed gas of oxygen and steam. When the calorific value (calorie) of the raw material a1 is low, it is preferable to increase the oxygen amount, and oxygen is supplied as it is. Also, heat recovery chamber 6
As the fluidizing gas to be supplied to 03, air, steam, combustion gas or the like is used.

A portion above the upper surface (upper surface of the splash zone) of the fluidized bed of the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602, that is, the freeboard portion is completely partitioned by partition walls 611 and 615. Furthermore, since the upper part of the dense bed of the fluidized bed, that is, the splash zone and the freeboard part are completely partitioned by the partition wall, the combustion chamber 6
02 and the gasification chamber 601 respectively, even if the pressure balance between the freeboard portions is slightly disturbed, the difference in the position of the interface between the two fluidized beds or the difference in the position of the upper surface of the dense layer, that is, the difference in the bed height, changes slightly. You can absorb the disturbance just by doing. That is, the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 are separated by the partition wall 61.
Since it is partitioned by 1, 615, even if the pressure in each chamber fluctuates, this pressure difference can be absorbed by the layer height difference, and it can be absorbed until either layer descends to the upper ends of the openings 621, 625. Is. Therefore, the combustion chamber 60 that can absorb the difference in bed height
2 and the upper limit of the pressure difference between the freeboard of the gasification chamber 601, the head of the gasification chamber fluidized bed and the combustion chamber flow from the upper ends of the lower openings 621 and 625 of the partition walls 611 and 615 partitioning each other. It is almost equal to the head difference from the floor head.

In the gasification furnace 701 described above, three gasification chambers 601, combustion chambers 602, and heat recovery chambers 603 are provided inside one fluidized bed furnace through partition walls. Further, the combustion chamber 602, the gasification chamber 601, and the combustion chamber 6
02 and the heat recovery chamber 603 are provided adjacent to each other. The gasification furnace 701 includes a combustion chamber 602 and a gasification chamber 6
Since a large amount of fluidized medium circulation is possible between 01, sufficient heat for gasification can be supplied only by the sensible heat of the fluidized medium c1. When a heat amount equal to or more than the heat amount required to maintain the temperature state of the entire gasification furnace 701 is generated in the combustion chamber 602, the heat generation amount of the raw material a1 burned in the combustion chamber 602 is
It is recovered in the heat recovery chamber 603.

Further, in the above gasification furnace 601, the seal between the combustion gas e combusted in the combustion chamber 602 and the combustible gas b is almost perfected, so that the pressure balance between the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 602 is balanced. Well controlled, combustion gas e
And the combustible gas b are not mixed with each other, and the property of the combustible gas b is not deteriorated.

The fluid medium c1 as a heat medium and the char h are designed to flow from the gasification chamber 601 side to the combustion chamber 602 side, and the same amount of the fluid medium c2 is gasified from the combustion chamber 602 side. Since it is configured to return to the chamber 601 side, it is necessary to mechanically convey the fluid medium from the combustion chamber 602 side to the gasification chamber 601 side by using a conveyor or the like in order to achieve a natural mass balance. In addition, there are no problems such as difficulty in handling high-temperature particles and large loss of sensible heat.

As described above, the integrated gasification furnace 701 is used.
Then, the raw material a1 is supplied to the gasification chamber 601, and the raw material a1 is supplied to the combustion chamber 602. In this case, it is widely used from carbon-rich raw materials that generate a large amount of char h (for example, coal) to low-calorie raw materials that hardly generate char h (for example, municipal waste) and high-calorie raw materials (for example, waste plastic). It can handle many types of waste or fuel. That is, no matter what kind of waste or fuel is practically used, the amount supplied to the gasification chamber 601 and the amount supplied to the combustion chamber 602 are changed, and the heat recovery chamber 60 is changed.
By adjusting the heat recovery amount in No. 3, the combustion chamber 60
The combustion temperature of No. 2 can be adjusted appropriately, and the temperatures of the fluidized media c1 and c2 can be appropriately maintained.

The structure of the melting furnace 801 and the piping system around the melting furnace 801 will be described with reference to FIG. The melting furnace 801 includes a primary combustion chamber 801A and a primary combustion chamber 801A.
Combustion chamber 801B on the downstream side of the secondary combustion chamber 801B
801C downstream of the slag separation part 801C. An outlet gas path 802 that exits the melting furnace 801 is provided on the outlet side of the melting furnace 801.

The piping system includes a path 820, a path 821, and
A cyclone 811 connected to the route 821, a route 823 as a return route for guiding the ash f and the like separated by the cyclone 811 to the melting furnace 801, a route 822, and a route 82.
A path 824 branched from 2 is provided, a control valve 812 provided in the path 824, an outlet gas path 802, and an outlet temperature control device 813 provided in the outlet gas path 802. The melting furnace 801 introduces, into the primary combustion chamber 801A, a first inlet duct 804 as an introduction unit for introducing the combustible gas b from the gasification chamber 601 and an ash f separated from the combustion gas e. And a third duct 806 into which the combustion gas e from which the ash content f and the like have been separated is introduced.

The path 820 connects the gasification chamber 601 and the first inlet duct 804 of the melting furnace 801 and guides the combustible gas b to the first inlet duct 804 of the melting furnace 801. The path 821 connects the combustion chamber 602 and the cyclone 811 and guides the combustion gas e containing the ash content f and the like to the cyclone 811. The path 823 connects the cyclone 811 and the second inlet duct 805 of the melting furnace 801, and guides the ash f and the like separated by the cyclone 811 to the melting furnace 801. Route 822
Is the gas outlet 826 of the cyclone 811 and the melting furnace 801.
And the combustion gas e from which the ash content f has been separated is guided to the melting furnace 801. Path 824 branches from path 822 and is connected to outlet gas path 802,
Control valve 8 for controlling the flow rate of the combustion gas e passing through the path 824
12 is attached. The control valve 812 receives the outlet temperature signal i from the outlet temperature control device 813, and determines the temperature based on the temperature of the exhaust gas j after the combustible gas b emitted from the melting passage 801 passing through the outlet gas passage 802 is burned. The flow rate of the combustion gas e passing through the control valve 812 is controlled so as to be constant. Out of the melting furnace 801, the exhaust gas j passing through the outlet gas path 802, and exiting the combustion chamber 602, passing through the path 824,
The combustion gas e passing through the outlet gas path 802 may be sent to another gas utilization device (not shown) or a gas processing device (not shown).

The inlet duct 804 for introducing the combustible gas b generated in the gasification chamber 601 into the melting furnace 801 from the path 820 as the first gas path, and the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602 as the second gas. Since the inlet duct 806 introduced into the melting furnace 801 through the paths 821 and 822 is separate, it is possible to prevent the disturbance of the gas temperature and the gas flow velocity in each of the inlet ducts 804 and 806. It is possible to prevent blockage due to adhesion of ash and the like in the inlet duct due to the disturbance.

Next, the discharge from the integrated gasification furnace 701 will be described. First, the discharge from the gasification chamber 601 will be described. Of the ash f contained in the raw material a1 that is introduced into the gasification chamber 601 and is thermally decomposed and gasified, one having a large particle size and not entrained in the combustible gas b, that is, the incombustible material d1 as the first incombustible material Is extracted from the lower part of the gasification chamber 601 through the incombustibles discharge port 633 together with the fluidized medium c3.

The fluidized medium c3 and the incombustible substance d1 extracted
Is an incombustible discharge port 6 formed in the lower part of the gasification chamber 601.
33 is cooled by a heat exchanger 651 connected to the 33 via a path 711. Then, after being conveyed by the incombustibles discharge device 653 and further separated by the classification device 654, the fluidized medium c3 passes through the path 712 and is again gasified in the gasification chamber 6.
It is returned to 01 and used. The incombustible material d1 separated by the classifying device 654 is discharged to the outside through the path 713,
Used for other purposes, or landfilled.
The heat exchanger 651 receives the steam s1 and the introduced fluid medium c3.
And the incombustible substance d1 are heat-exchanged to lower the temperature of the fluid medium c3 and the incombustible substance d1.

By lowering the temperatures of the fluid medium c3 and the incombustible substance d1, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of clinker, and in particular, it is possible to effectively prevent the generation of clinker of the fluid medium c3 to which char adheres and the incombustible substance d1.

Next, the discharge from the combustion chamber 602 will be described. Of the ash content f contained in the raw material a1 that is introduced into the combustion chamber 602 and burned, one having a large particle size and not entrained in the combustion gas e, that is, an incombustible material d2 as a second incombustible material
2) is extracted from the lower part of the combustion chamber 602 through the incombustibles discharge port 634 together with the fluidized medium c4.

The fluidized medium c4 and the incombustible substance d2 extracted
Is an incombustible discharge port 63 formed in the lower part of the combustion chamber 602.
4 is cooled by a heat exchanger 656 connected to the No. 4 via a path 714. After that, the fluid medium c4 and the incombustible material d2
Is conveyed by a non-combustible substance discharging device 658 and further separated by a classifying device 659, and then the fluidized medium c4 is returned to the combustion chamber 602 again through a path 715 for use. The incombustible material d2 separated by the classifying device 659 passes through the path 7
It is discharged to the outside through 16 and used for other purposes, or is landfilled. The heat exchanger 656 has
The steam s2 is introduced to perform heat exchange between the fluidized medium c4 and the incombustible substance d2, and lowers the temperature of the fluidized medium c4 and the incombustible substance d2.

By lowering the temperatures of the fluid medium c4 and the incombustible substance d2, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of clinker, and in particular, it is possible to effectively prevent the clinker of the fluid medium c4 to which char adheres and the incombustible substance d2 from occurring.

The operation of the gasification and melting system 901 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The raw material a1 supplied to the gasification chamber 601 of the integrated gasification furnace 701 is decomposed into combustible gas b, char h, and ash f by thermal decomposition. When the amount of heat required for gasification can be secured by burning the char h generated in the gasification chamber 601 in the combustion chamber 602, it is desirable to supply the raw material a1 only to the gasification chamber 601. First, it is assumed that the raw material a1 is supplied only to the gasification chamber 601.

The property of the combustible gas b greatly differs depending on the type of the fluidizing gas g1 in the gasification chamber 601. When a gas containing oxygen such as air is used as the fluidizing gas g1,
Since a part of the combustible gas b is burned, the calorific value of the combustible gas b is reduced. In order to take out the combustible gas b as a combustible gas b having a high calorific value without combusting the combustible gas b as much as possible, the fluidizing gas g1 is preferably a gas containing no oxygen, and for example, steam is preferably used. Note that the combustible gas b is accompanied by the solid char h and the ash f having a smaller particle size among the ash f.

On the other hand, among the chars h generated by thermal decomposition, the chars h having a large particle size and not entrained in the combustible gas b are transferred to the combustion chamber 602 together with the fluidized medium c1. In the combustion chamber 602, air as the fluidizing gas g2,
The char h is completely burned using oxygen-enriched air or an aerobic gas such as oxygen. Part of the amount of heat generated by the combustion of the char h is supplied to the gasification chamber 601 as sensible heat of the fluidized medium c2 that is circulated back to the gasification chamber 601, and the amount of heat required for thermal decomposition in the gasification chamber 601. Used as.

The temperature of the gasification chamber 601 suitable for the thermal decomposition of the raw material a1 is about 300 to 900 ° C., and the temperature of the combustion chamber 602 suitable for the combustion of char h is 800 to 800 ° C.
It is about 900 ° C. When the amount of heat generated by the combustion of the char h covers the amount of heat required for the thermal decomposition of the gasification chamber 601, the layer temperature of the gasification chamber 601 must be kept lower than the layer temperature of the combustion chamber 602. Raw material a used for
It can be determined according to the properties of No. 1, especially the amount of char h produced.

For example, waste plastic, municipal waste, RD
When using a material having a small amount of carbon or char like F, the layer temperature of the gasification chamber 601 is 400 ° C to 70 ° C.
By setting the temperature to a relatively low temperature of about 0 ° C., the amount of char produced can be increased and the amount of heat required for gasification can be secured. In addition, when using a large amount of carbon or char such as waste tire or coal, the gasification chamber 601
By setting the layer temperature of the above to a relatively high temperature of about 600 to 900 ° C., it is possible to suppress an excessive amount of char generation and an excessive amount of heat generated in the combustion chamber 602. However, if the layer temperature of the gasification chamber 601 is too low, the tar content and the heavy content in the generated gas b increase, so that there is a risk of causing adhesion trouble when the gas temperature decreases in the subsequent stage. Needs to be kept in mind.

For high-calorie raw materials, the gasification chamber 6
In order to suppress the generation of the combustible gas b at 01, it is preferable that a part of the raw material introduced into the gasification chamber 601 be passed to the combustion chamber 602 and burned in the combustion chamber. Raw material a1 to the gasification chamber 601
Is suppressed, the amount of the flammable gas b generated is suppressed, and the raw material a1 which is not supplied to the gasification chamber 601 but is supplied to the combustion chamber 602 is combusted in the combustion chamber 602, and the generated heat amount is It is recovered in the recovery chamber 603. Heat recovery chamber 603
In consideration of burning a part of the raw material a1 in the combustion chamber 602, it is preferable that a sufficient amount of heat can be recovered.

Of the ash f contained in the raw material a1 of the gasification chamber 601, those which have a large particle size and are not entrained in the combustible gas b, that is, incombustibles d1, are extracted from the lower part of the gasification chamber 601 together with the fluid medium c3. Will be issued.

The fluidized medium c3 and the incombustible substance d1 extracted
After passing through the path 6111 from the incombustibles discharge port 633, lowering the temperature in the heat exchanger 651 and separated by the classifier 654, the fluidized medium c3 is returned to the gasification chamber 601 through the path 712 for use. To be done. The incombustible material d1 separated by the classifying device 654 may be discharged to the outside through the path 713 and may be recycled or landfilled.

Ash f contained in the raw material a1 of the combustion chamber 602
Among them, those having a large particle diameter and not entrained in the combustion gas e, that is, the incombustible material d2 are extracted together with the fluidized medium c4 from the lower portion of the combustion chamber 602.

The fluidized medium c4 and the incombustible substance d2 extracted
Passes through the path 714 from the incombustibles discharge port 634, lowers the temperature in the heat exchanger 656, and is separated by the classifying device 659.
It is returned to 2 and used. The incombustible material d2 separated by the classifying device 659 may be discharged to the outside through the path 716 and may be recycled or landfilled. Combustion chamber 6
The inside of 02 is an oxidizing atmosphere, and the fluid medium c4 and the incombustibles d2
Does not contain CO gas, so that the problem of CO gas leakage can be eliminated. Also, since there is almost no char, clinker is difficult to generate. The fluidized medium and the incombustibles may not be discharged from the gasification chamber but only from the combustion chamber.

Further, as described with reference to FIG. 2, by providing the heat recovery chamber 603 in contact with the combustion chamber 602, part of the heat generated by the combustion of the raw material a1 in the combustion chamber 602, the combustion of char A part of the generated heat can be recovered. That is, the high-calorie raw material a1
In the case of, a part of the raw material a1 supplied to the gasification chamber 601 is supplied to the combustion chamber 602 without being supplied to the gasification chamber 601, and the supply amount of the raw material a1 to the gasification chamber 601 is reduced, The amount of the raw material a1 supplied to the combustion chamber 602 is increased by that amount, and the raw material a1 having the increased supply amount is burned in the combustion chamber 602 to generate a heat amount equal to or more than the heat amount required to heat the fluidized medium c2. Can be recovered in the heat recovery chamber 603. Therefore, it is not necessary to prevent excessive combustion of the combustible gas b in the melting furnace 801 to suppress a rise in combustion temperature and suppress excessive temperature increase by excessively supplying air to the melting furnace, and to suppress the total air ratio. However, an increase in the amount of exhaust gas can be suppressed.

When the raw material a1 is supplied only to the gasification chamber 601 and the raw material a1 is not supplied to the combustion chamber 602,
Normally, the amount of char generated in the gasification chamber 601 and the amount of char burned in the combustion chamber 602 and used for heating the fluidized medium are balanced. However, the balance between the amount of char generated in the gasification chamber 601 and the amount of char required to heat the fluidized medium c2 in the combustion chamber 602 may be lost depending on the type of the raw material a1 to be processed. Is
The amount of heat recovered in the heat recovery chamber 603 can be adjusted to be adjusted to maintain the supply of the raw material a1 only to the gasification chamber 601.

Combustible gas b generated in the gasification chamber 601
Through the path 820, the primary combustion chamber 8 of the melting furnace 801.
01A is introduced. The introduced combustible gas b is accompanied by atomized char and is mixed with the preheated air (not shown) introduced into the primary combustion chamber 801A in a swirling flow to burn and form a flame. , Burns at a high temperature of 1200 to 1500 ° C. at high speed. A burner (not shown) is provided, for example, on the ceiling of the primary combustion chamber 801A, and the necessary auxiliary combustion is performed so that the combustion temperature becomes equal to or higher than the melting temperature.

Combustion is completed in the inclined secondary combustion chamber 801B. The total amount of ash f in the solid carbon becomes slag mist due to the high temperature. Most of the slag mist is due to the action of the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, and the furnace wall 80 of the primary combustion chamber 801A is
3 is trapped in the molten slag phase. The molten slag flowing down the furnace wall 803, after entering the secondary combustion chamber 801B,
It is discharged from the bottom portion 801C of the slag separating portion. Melting furnace 80
The exhaust gas j exiting 1 is guided to the outlet gas path 802.

The combustion gas e containing the char h and the ash content f, which has left the combustion chamber 602, passes through the route 821 and is guided to the cyclone 811 provided on the route 821. Char h and ash f in the combustion gas separated by the cyclone 811
Through the path 823, the primary combustion chamber 8 of the melting furnace 801.
01A is introduced. Normally, the char h and the ash f are introduced into the place where the flame is generated by the combustion of the combustible gas b introduced through the path 820, and the char h assists the combustion of the combustible gas b and the ash f Is melted and becomes molten slag. The combustion gas e from which the ash f and the char have been removed by the cyclone 811, passes through the path 822, and is transferred to the primary combustion chamber 8
01A is introduced.

Combustion gas e from which ash f and char h have been removed
Part of the path passes through a route 824 that branches from the route 822,
The outlet gas path 80 of the melting furnace 801 passes through the control valve 812.
2 to bypass the melting furnace 801. Control valve 81
2 measures the temperature of the outlet gas passage 802 and controls the amount of combustion gas that bypasses the melting furnace 801 so that the outlet temperature reaches a predetermined temperature. The control valve 812 is opened when the temperature of the outlet gas passage 802 is high so that more combustion gas e passes through the melting furnace 801, and is opened when the temperature of the outlet gas passage 802 is low. The outlet temperature control device 813 controls so that a larger amount of the combustion gas e bypasses the melting furnace 801 by increasing the temperature.

Further, in the gasification and melting system 901 of this embodiment, in the case of the low calorie raw material a1, the combustion chamber 602 is used.
The combustion gas e generated in step 2 is used as the second gas path 8
The melting gas 801 may be separated from the combustible gas b by bypassing the melting furnace 801 through the path 824 serving as the third gas path from the Nos. 21 and 822 and leading to the outlet gas path 802 of the melting furnace 801. By doing so, it is not necessary to use the thermal energy due to the combustion of the combustible gas b mainly for increasing the combustion temperature of the combustible gas b and for increasing the temperature of the combustion gas e burned in the combustion chamber 603. Therefore, the melting furnace 8
The amount of auxiliary fuel for increasing the combustion temperature of the combustible gas b in 01 can be reduced. In addition, route 8
24 is also the second gas path.

Char h produced in the gasification chamber 601
Since the combustion chamber 602 for combusting the gas to generate the combustion gas e is provided, particularly in the case of carbon-rich raw material, the gasification chamber 60
A large amount of char h is generated in 1, but since the generated char h can be burned in the combustion chamber 602 that burns the raw material a1, the fluidized media c3, c4 discharged from the gasification chamber 601 or the combustion chamber 602, It is possible to reliably suppress the generation of the char h that remains attached to the incombustibles d1 and d2.

As described above, the gasification and melting system 901 of this embodiment can utilize various raw materials such as carbon-rich raw material, high-calorie raw material, low-calorie raw material, and has high functionality and high functionality. Gasification and melting system 901.

In the melting furnace 801 described above, the case where the combustible gas b is completely burned has been described.
Combustion of the combustible gas b may be partial combustion. In this case, the combustible gas b obtained in the gasification chamber 601 is
1000 is sent to the melting furnace 801 and
It is further gasified at a temperature of ˜1500 ° C. to have a low molecular weight. The temperature of the melting furnace 801 is maintained at a temperature higher than the temperature at which the ash content melts in the combustible gas b, and 80 to 90% of the ash content in the combustible gas b and the combustion gas e and the ash content returned by the cyclone 811 is slag. And is discharged as molten slag from the bottom portion 801C of the slag separating portion. Flammable gas b
Organic matter and hydrocarbons inside are completely hydrogen in the melting furnace 801.
Decomposes into carbon monoxide, water vapor, and carbon dioxide.

As described above, according to the gasification and melting system 901 of the present embodiment, the gasification chamber 601 and the combustion chamber 60 are
2, melting furnace 801, path 820, and paths 821, 8
22 is provided, the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602 is supplied to the melting furnace 801 through the paths 821 and 822 separately from the combustible gas b generated in the gasification chamber 601 and supplied through the path 820. can do. Therefore,
An inlet duct 804 for introducing the combustible gas b into the melting furnace 801 through a path 820, and a combustion gas e for paths 821 and 822.
Since the inlet duct 806 introduced into the melting furnace 801 from the above can be separated from each other, the respective inlet ducts 804, 80
It is possible to prevent the gas temperature and the gas flow velocity from being disturbed at 6, and the inlet duct 80 due to the gas temperature and the gas flow velocity being disturbed.
It is possible to prevent clogging due to adhesion of ash or the like at No. 4,806.

Further, as described above, according to the gasification and melting system 901 of the present embodiment, the combustion chamber 602 and the passage 8 are provided.
24 and the supply paths 710 and 709 are provided, the char h generated in a large amount in the gasification chamber 601 is combusted in the combustion chamber 602 particularly in the case of the carbon-rich raw material a1, and the gasification chamber 601 or the combustion chamber 602. It is possible to suppress the generation of char h adhering to and remaining on the fluidized media c3, c4 and the incombustibles d1, d2 discharged from the combustion medium e, particularly in the case of the low-calorie raw material a1, the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 602. Through the path 821 to the path 824 to the outlet gas path 802 to bypass the melting furnace 801 to separate the combustible gas b from the combustion gas e and burn the combustible gas b in the melting furnace 801. It is possible to use the heat energy due to the heat energy mainly to increase the combustion temperature of the combustible gas b to reduce the amount of auxiliary fuel in the melting furnace 801, and particularly in the case of the high calorie raw material a1. A part of the raw material a1 is supplied to the combustion chamber 602 through the supply paths 710 and 709 and burned to reduce the amount of the raw material a1 which is pyrolyzed and gasified in the gasification chamber 601 and burned in the melting furnace 801. The amount of the combustible gas b is reduced, the temperature rise of the melting furnace 801 is suppressed, the temperature rise suppression by supplying the air to the melting furnace 801 excessively is unnecessary, and the increase of the exhaust gas j amount of the melting furnace 801 is suppressed. be able to. Conversely, when handling the low-calorie raw material a1, it is not necessary to supply a large amount of air to the melting furnace 801 to maintain the temperature, and it is possible to prevent the temperature inside the melting furnace 801 from being low. Therefore, various raw materials a1 can be handled. Further, by suppressing the amount of exhaust gas j, it is possible to make the entire equipment of the system 901 compact.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the basic structure of a gas supply / utilization system 1301 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The gas supply and utilization system 1301 includes an integrated gasification furnace 1101 as a gas supply device, a dust collector 1201, a gas temperature reduction / cleaning device 1203, and a generated gas utilization device 1204 as a first gas utilization device. It is configured to include a waste heat boiler 1211 as a second gas utilization device, a bag filter 1212, a suction duct fan 1213, a chimney 1214, and a gas path (details will be described later) connecting the above-described components and devices. It

The integrated gasification furnace 1101 is a gasification chamber 1001 for thermally decomposing and gasifying the low-calorie raw material a1 introduced from the outside such as biomass, municipal waste, etc., which is the gasification raw material as the first object to be treated. And a high-calorie raw material (for example, high-calorie waste such as RDF, FRP, waste plastic, etc.) that is input from the outside, which is a raw material for combustion as a second object to be treated, and a gasification chamber 1001. The gasification chamber 1001 includes a combustion chamber 1002 for burning the char h, an in-layer heat transfer tube 1041 and a heat recovery chamber 1003 for recovering heat from the fluidized medium c2.
The generated gas b as a combustible gas generated in 1 is supplied to the generated gas utilization device 1204, and the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 1002 is supplied to the waste heat boiler 1211.

The integrated gasification furnace 1101 supplies a low-calorie raw material a1 from a supply hopper (not shown) to the gasification chamber 1001 as a first object supply path 111 as a material supply path.
0, and a supply path 1109 as a second object supply path for supplying the high-calorie raw material a2 to the combustion chamber 1002 from a supply hopper (not shown). Supply path 1110,
Supply route 1109 is a low-calorie raw material a1
And a high-calorie raw material a2 as a conveying device (not shown) for conveying the high-calorie raw material a2, preferably a constant amount supply device (for example,
Equipped with a screw feeder).

Raw material a1 (first processed material) and raw material a2
It may be different or the same as the (second object). However, the raw material a2 is different from the product (for example, char) from the raw material a1. However, although not shown, in the present invention, the product from the raw material a1 is once separated, and only the char component is separately provided in the combustion chamber 10
When charged in 02, the char component is a raw material a2 different from the raw material a1. As described above, the raw material a1 is charged into the gasification chamber 1001 from the outside, and the raw material a2 is charged into the combustion chamber 1002 from the outside.

Here, the gasification chamber 1001 and the combustion chamber 100
2 is separated by a partition wall or the like so that the atmospheres of the two are not mixed. For example, the gasification chamber 1001 and the combustion chamber 1002 have a partition wall serving as a first partition wall so that gas does not flow above the interface of the gasification chamber fluidized bed and the interface of the combustion chamber fluidized bed in the vertical direction. It is partitioned by 1015. The combustion chamber 1002 and the heat recovery chamber 1003 are partitioned by a partition wall 1012 as a second partition wall. In addition, the integrated gasification furnace 1101 includes the gasification chamber 100.
The char (unburned carbon) h obtained in 1 is converted into a gasification chamber 1001.
The combustion heat obtained when the high-calorie raw material a2, which is a raw material different from the char h obtained in the gasification chamber 1001 and the low-calorie raw material a1, is burned in the combustion chamber 1002 in the gasification chamber 1001. Char h which is provided with a heat transfer means for transferring heat and is preferably transferred from the gasification chamber 1001
Is provided to the combustion chamber 1002. More preferably, the mechanism for transporting the char h from the gasification chamber 1001, the char transport mechanism, and the combustion heat transfer means are performed using a fluid medium, and more preferably, each chamber 1001, 1002 are integrated together.

A communication port 1025 for communicating the gasification chamber 1001 and the combustion chamber 1002 is provided below the partition wall 1015.
The height of the upper end of the communication port 1025 is equal to or lower than the first interface and the second interface, and the communication port 1025 is formed. From the combustion port 1002 side to the gasification chamber 1001 side Is configured to move the fluidized medium c2 heated in the combustion chamber 1002. Gasification chamber 1
At 001, the fluidized medium c2 heated in the combustion chamber 1002
Is used to gasify the raw material a1.

The partition wall 1012 between the combustion chamber 1002 and the heat recovery chamber 1003 has its upper end near the interface, that is, above the upper surface of the rich layer, but below the upper surface of the splash zone. The lower end of the partition wall 1012 is up to the vicinity of the furnace bottom, the lower end does not contact the furnace bottom, and there is an opening 1022 near the furnace bottom that does not reach above the upper surface of the rich layer. The fluidized medium c2 crosses over the partition wall 1012 and enters the heat recovery chamber 1003 from the combustion chamber 1002, and the fluidized medium c2 moves from the heat recovery chamber 1003 to the combustion chamber 1002 through the opening 1022.

In the present embodiment, in the integrated gasification furnace 1101, the supply path 1110 and the supply path 1109 have different supply sources (not shown), and the particle discharge pipe 1221 described later is connected to the combustion chamber 1002. It has the same configuration as the integrated gasification furnace 701 (see FIG. 1) described above except that it is inserted. It should be noted that the components of the integrated gasification furnace 701 correspond to the components of the integrated gasification furnace 1101 that have the reference numeral of the component plus 400.

As described above, the integrated gasification furnace 1101 of the present embodiment supplies the low-calorie raw material a1 which is a gasification raw material to the gasification chamber 1001 and the high-calorie raw material a2 which is a combustion raw material. Supply to 1002.

In the case of a fluidized bed gasification furnace in which the raw material for combustion is burned and the gasification raw material is gasified in one bed by the heat of combustion, the combustion gas and the produced gas produced by the gasification are mixed. However, valuable gas components can only be collected in a diluted state.

Even when some kind of gas treatment (refining, cleaning, etc.) is required only for harmful components contained in either the raw material for combustion or the raw material for gasification, the produced gas and the combustion gas Therefore, it is necessary to perform gas treatment on all the mixed gases. For this reason, the gas processing equipment becomes large in size, leading to an increase in cost, and it is difficult to remove low-concentration harmful components in a diluted state, which deteriorates gas processing efficiency.

In this case, even if the combustion raw material and the gasification raw material are separately supplied, if they are supplied into one furnace,
As a result, the reactive components in both raw materials are burned first,
Only the components that are difficult to react, that is, difficult to gasify, remain.
Therefore, it is not always possible to obtain the desired product gas from the gasification raw material.

However, the integrated gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment
101, the combustion raw material a2 suitable for combustion is supplied to the combustion chamber 1002, and the gasification raw material a1 suitable for gasification is supplied to the gasification chamber 1001. Therefore, the gasification raw material a1
It is possible to recover the valuable product gas b from the above and the combustion gas e without mixing them. The produced gas b thus obtained is a pure produced gas b not only having a high concentration but also not mixed with the combustion gas e and obtained only from the gasification raw material a1.

The gasification raw material a1 has a low calorie content and a small proportion of valuable components, and cannot be expected as a heat source due to combustion heat generation of char generated therefrom, but it is economically feasible even if a separate external heat source is used. In addition, the value of the valuable component is high, and the effect is great when it is significant to collect it as pure gas.

Further, when the raw material a1 containing a harmful component is used on the gasification raw material side and the fuel a2 containing no harmful component is used on the combustion side, the harmful component is usually produced gas b together with the volatile components in the raw material. In order to move to the side, only the generated gas b, which is a high-concentration valuable gas having calories generated from the gasification chamber 1001, needs to be subjected to the harmful substance removal treatment, and the cost reduction and the gas treatment efficiency can be improved by simplifying the gas treatment equipment. Can be achieved. In this case, since the concentration of harmful substances contained in the generated gas b is important, the harmful substances may be removed in the gasification chamber 1001 at the same time as gasification. Further, the combustion gas e does not require gas treatment, and the temperature of the steam heated by the combustion gas e can be increased regardless of the harmful components, and the sensible heat of the combustion gas e can be effectively used.

[0116] Preferably, as one form of effective utilization of the sensible heat recovered from the combustion gas e, a low-calorie raw material a1 which has a relatively high water content such as biomass and which requires a large amount of heat for gas generation is used. By using the combustion gas e as a drying heat source that dries before being supplied to the integrated gasification furnace 1101, a gas supply and utilization system 1301 that is advantageous in exergy, such as improvement in the thermal efficiency of the entire gas supply and utilization system 1301, is constructed. You can also

The dust collector 1201 is connected to the gasification chamber 1001 by a gas path 1231. A cyclone is preferable as the dust collector 1201, but a bag filter, an electric dust collector, or the like can be used. The dust collector 1201 separates the solid particles f from the produced gas b that has left the gasification chamber 1001, and the separated solid particles f pass through the particle discharge pipe 1221 connected to the dust collector 1201 and the combustion chamber 1002. Is discharged above the fluid bed interface. In the gas temperature reduction / cleaning device 1203, for example, a fluid is sprayed onto the produced gas b to reduce the temperature of the reformed produced gas b and washed, for example, dust, chlorine, carbon dioxide gas in the produced gas And weak acidic gas such as hydrogen sulfide is removed.
The generated gas utilization device 1204 is connected to the gas temperature reduction / cleaning device 1203 via the gas path 1234 and uses the generated gas b whose temperature has been reduced and cleaned. The first gas passage of the present invention includes gas passages 1231, 1232, 1234.

The waste heat boiler 1211 is connected to the combustion chamber 1002 by a gas passage 1235 as a second gas passage. The waste heat boiler 1211 superheats the steam by the sensible heat of the combustion gas e, and the superheated steam is sent to the gasification chamber 1001 as the gasifying agent of the gasification chamber 1001 and the fluidized gas g1. The bag filter 1212 is connected to the waste heat boiler 1211 by a path 1238.
The bag filter 1212 removes dust and the like in the combustion gas e from which sensible heat has been recovered, which is not suitable for being released into the atmosphere.

An electric dust collector (not shown) can be used instead of the bag filter 1212, and dust can be collected in multiple stages. Any device can be used as the dust collector as long as it is a device capable of removing dust in the exhaust gas. The combustion gas e discharged from the bag filter 1212 can be partially used as a heat source for drying the low-calorie raw material a1.

The suction duct fan 1213 has a path 123.
9 to connect to the bag filter 1212. The chimney 1214 is connected to the suction duct fan 1 by the path 1240.
213. It goes without saying that the chimney 1214 is an optional outlet because it is an outlet for discharging exhaust gas. By being sucked by the suction duct fan 1213, the combustion gas e is sent from the bag filter 1212 to the chimney 1214 through the suction duct fan 1213.
It is released from the chimney 1214 to the atmosphere. A gas preheater (not shown) is preferably installed in the latter stage of the waste heat boiler 1211. By doing so, the gas preheated by the combustion gas e via the gas preheater is integrated into the integrated gasification furnace 110.
It can be used as the fluidizing gas g2 of No. 1 and / or can be used for drying the low-calorie raw material a1.
More preferably, the preheated gas is air.

The raw material a1 supplied to the gasification chamber 1001 contains harmful components and the combustion chamber 1002 does not contain harmful components, or the raw material a2 containing the harmful components only in a relatively low proportion enters the combustion chamber 1002. Even when supplied, since the generated gas b and the combustion gas e are separately discharged,
The cleaning device 1203 for cleaning the gas may be provided only in the gas paths 1232 and 1234 through which the generated gas b is discharged.
Therefore, the cleaning device 1203 for cleaning the gas can be made compact, the initial equipment cost and the running cost can be reduced, and the gas supply and utilization system 1301 can be achieved.
Overall, it is advantageous.

In the present embodiment, the raw material a1 and the raw material a2 which are different from each other in advance (whether the raw material has a high calorie or low calorie, whether a large amount of harmful components are contained, and a large amount of useful components are contained). It is possible to generate the product gas b and the combustion gas e which have preferable properties when used by supplying different kinds (in terms of whether or not) to the separate chambers 1001 and 1002 of the integrated gasification furnace 1101. . Further, in order to more efficiently purify the generated gas b generated from the gasification chamber 1001 of the integrated gasification furnace 1101,
It is also possible to use a second gasification furnace (not shown) that is installed in the latter stage of the gasification chamber 1001 and raises the temperature of the generated gas b to a higher temperature.

Further, as the first gas utilization device, a fuel cell, a liquid fuel synthesizing device (as the liquid fuel, methanol, DME, etc.), a power generator using a gas turbine or a gas engine, a cement kiln, a combustion boiler, etc. Can also be used. As the second gas utilization device, a radiant boiler, a economizer, or the like can be used in addition to the waste heat boiler.

Gas supply and utilization system 13 of the present embodiment
01, as described above, the integrated gasification furnace 1101
The generated gas b generated in the gasification chamber 1001 of the above is supplied to one gas utilization device, that is, the generated gas utilization device 1204, and the combustion gas e generated in the combustion chamber 1002 is separated from the generated gas b to another gas. Utilization device, that is, waste heat boiler 1
It is configured to supply to 211. However, the gas supply and utilization system supplies the generated gas generated in the gasification chamber of the integrated gasification furnace to one gas utilization device, and separates the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber from the generated gas. It may be supplied to one gas utilization device. An embodiment in this case will be described below.

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the basic structure of a gas supply / utilization system 1901 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The gas supply and utilization system 1901 is
An integrated gasification furnace 1701 as a gas supply device, and a first
And a dust collector 1811. Dust collector 1811
For this, a cyclone is preferable, but a bag filter, an electrostatic precipitator or the like can be used.

The integrated gasification furnace 1701 includes a gasification chamber 16
01, a combustion chamber 1602, and a heat recovery chamber 1603, and the configuration and operation of the integrated gasification furnace 1101 (see FIG. 3) described above are different only in the following points, and are otherwise the same. The difference is that the dust collector 1811 is different from the combustion chamber 1602.
Is installed as a separation device for separating fixed particles on the combustion gas e side generated from the solid particles f separated by the dust collector 1811 and is not returned to the combustion chamber 1602.
A point where the generated gas b is supplied from the gasification chamber 1601 to the gas utilization device 1801, and the gas utilization device 18 is supplied from the combustion chamber 1602.
This is the point where the combustion gas e is supplied to 01.

The dust collector 1811 is not an essential component in this embodiment, but the gas utilization device 1811.
When the fixed particles f can be used or processed at 01, the combustion gas e obtained from the combustion chamber 1602 is directly used without passing through the dust collector 1811.
It can also be introduced in 1.

The gas utilization device 1801 of the gas supply and utilization system 1901 comprises an inlet duct 1804 as an introduction part for introducing the product gas b exiting the gasification chamber 1601, and a combustion gas e exiting the combustion chamber 1602. It has an inlet duct 1806 into which the combustion gas e in which the ash content f and the like are separated by the cyclone 1811 is introduced.

The piping system around the gas utilization device of the gas supply and utilization system 1901 includes a route 1820 and a route 1821.
And a path 1823 as a return path for guiding the ash f and the like separated by the cyclone 1811 to the gas utilization device 1801.
And a path 1822 and an outlet gas path 1802.

The path 1820 connects the gasification chamber 1601 and the inlet duct 1804 of the gas utilization device 1801 to generate gas b at the inlet duct 1804 of the gas utilization device 1801.
Lead to. The path 1821 connects the combustion chamber 1602 and the cyclone 1811 and guides the combustion gas e containing the ash content f and the like to the cyclone 1811. Route 1823 is cyclone 1
811 is connected to the inlet duct 1805 of the gas utilization device 1801 to guide the ash f and the like separated by the cyclone 1811 to the gas utilization device 1801. The path 1822 is connected to the gas outlet 1826 of the cyclone 1811 and the gas utilization device 1801.
Of the combustion gas e from which the ash content f has been separated and the generated gas b are connected to the same gas utilization device 1
It leads to 801.

The produced gas b exiting the gasification chamber 1601 is introduced into the gas utilization device 1801 via the path 1820 and the inlet duct 1804. The combustion gas e that has left the combustion chamber 1002 separates solid particles f by a dust collector 1811,
The separated fixed particles f are discharged to the outside of the system through a particle discharge pipe 1821 connected to the dust collector 1811. The combustion gas e from which the fixed particles f have been separated by the dust collector 1811 is introduced into the gas utilization device 1801 via the path 1822 different from the path 1820 and the inlet duct 1806.

Gas supply / use system 19 of the present embodiment
In 01, since the combustion chamber 1602 burns the raw material a2, in the case of the raw material a1 for gasification in which char is unlikely to be generated, the combustion heat of the raw material a2 is burned in the combustion chamber 1602 to supplement the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 1602. The combustion chamber 16
In 02, sufficient sensible heat can be given to the fluidized medium, and sensible heat is sufficiently supplied to the gasification chamber 1601. As a result, the gasification chamber fluidized bed temperature rises, so that the tar content in the produced gas b is increased. It can be decomposed sufficiently and the problem of tar trouble can be avoided.

Further, even in the case of the raw material a1 which produces the char h having low ignitability, the temperature of the combustion chamber 1602 is raised by increasing the temperature of the combustion chamber 1602 by burning the raw material a2 in the combustion chamber 1602. As a result, the char h can be surely burned in the combustion chamber 1602, the combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber 1602 can be maintained, and the sensible heat supply to the gasification chamber 1601 becomes sufficient. Can be sufficiently held, and the problem of tar trouble caused by the generated gas b due to gasification can be avoided.

The present invention can have any configuration as long as it has a gas generator, a gas utilization supply system, and a gasification and melting system that have the same effects and effects, and is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration.

[0135]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the combustion chamber burns the second object to be treated, char is less likely to be generated, or char generated is gasified with poor ignitability. In the case of the first object to be treated, the combustion heat is supplemented by the combustion of the second object in the combustion chamber, the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber is increased, and sufficient sensible heat is given to the fluidized medium in the combustion chamber. Then, by supplying the fluidized medium to which the sensible heat is applied to the gasification chamber to maintain the gasification chamber layer temperature sufficiently high, the tar content in the produced gas is decomposed and the problem of tar trouble is avoided. You can

As described above, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the gasification chamber, the combustion chamber, the melting furnace, the first gas passage, the second
Since the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is separated from the combustible gas generated in the gasification chamber and supplied through the first gas path, the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is supplied to the melting furnace through the second gas path. Can be supplied. Since the introduction part for introducing the combustible gas into the melting furnace from the first gas path and the introduction part for introducing the combustion gas into the melting furnace from the second gas path can be separated from each other, It is possible to prevent the disturbance of the gas temperature and the gas flow rate, and it is possible to prevent the clogging due to the adhesion of ash and the like at each introduction portion due to the disturbance of the gas temperature and the gas flow rate.

As described above, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the combustion chamber, the third gas path, and the third object supply path are provided, particularly in the case of the carbon-rich object to be processed. , Burning a large amount of char generated in the gasification chamber in the combustion chamber, it is possible to suppress the generation of char that adheres to the fluidizing medium discharged from the gasification chamber or the combustion chamber, incombustibles and remains, In the case of a low-calorie object, the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber is led from the second gas path to the third gas path to the outlet gas path, bypassing the melting furnace, and burning gas from combustible gas. The heat energy generated by the combustion of the flammable gas in the melting furnace is mainly used to increase the combustion temperature of the flammable gas, and the amount of auxiliary fuel in the melting furnace can be reduced. In the case of goods, through the supply route Part of the object to be processed is supplied to the combustion chamber for combustion, the amount of the object to be pyrolyzed and gasified in the gasification chamber is reduced, and the amount of combustible gas burned in the melting furnace is reduced. It is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature of the melting furnace, eliminate the need to suppress the temperature rise by excessively supplying air to the melting furnace, and suppress an increase in the exhaust gas amount of the melting furnace. On the contrary, even when handling a low-calorie object, it is not necessary to supply a large amount of air to the melting furnace to maintain the temperature, and it is possible to prevent the temperature inside the melting furnace from being low. Therefore, various objects to be processed can be handled. Further, by suppressing the amount of exhaust gas, it is possible to make the entire system compact.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a basic configuration of a gasification and melting system, which is a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the principle of the integrated gasification furnace used in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a basic configuration of a gas supply / utilization system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a basic configuration of a gas supply / utilization system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

601, 1001, 1601 Gasification chambers 602, 1002, 1602 Combustion chambers 603, 1003, 1603 Heat recovery chambers 604, 1004, 1604 Sedimentation combustion chambers 611, 612, 613, 614, 615 Partition walls 621, 622 Openings 625 Openings (Communication port) 651 First heat exchanger 653 First incombustible substance discharging device 656 Second heat exchanger 658 Second incombustible substance discharging device 701, 1101, 1701 Integrated gasification furnace (gas supply device) 708 Supply path (third object supply path) 709 Supply path (third object supply path) 710 Supply path (third object supply path) 801 Melting furnace 802 Outlet gas paths 804, 805, 806 Inlet ducts 811, 1811 Cyclone 820 Path (first gas path) 821, 822 Path (second gas path) 823 Path (return path) 824 Path (third gas path) 901 Gasification and melting system 1109, 1709 Supply path (second object supply path) 1110, 1710 Supply path (first object supply path) 1201 Dust collector 1203 Gas temperature reduction / cleaning device 1204 Product gas utilization device (first gas utilization device) 1211 Waste heat boiler (second gas utilization device) 1212 Bag filter 1213 Suction duct fan 1214 Chimney 1231, 1232 Gas path 1234 , 1235 Gas paths 1237 to 1239 Gas paths 1301, 1901 Gas supply and utilization system 1801 Gas utilization apparatus a1 Raw material or low calorie raw material (first processed object,
Processing object a2 High calorie raw material (second processing object) b Combustible gas or produced gas c1, c2, c3, c4 Fluid medium d1, d2 Incombustible material e Combustion gas f Ash content and fine char or solid particle g1, g2 fluidized gas h char

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification Code FI Theme Coat (Reference) C10J 3/54 C10J 3/54 L M Z 3/57 3/57 F23G 5/00 115Z F23C 10/02 5 / 027 ZABB 10/24 5/16 EF23G 5/00 115 5/46 Z 5/027 ZAB B09B 3/00 303L 5/16 F23C 11/02 308 5/46 311 (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Aoki Ota, Tokyo 11-1 Asahi-machi, Haneda-ku, Ebara Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shugo Hosoda 11--1 Asahi-cho, Haneda, Ota-ku, Tokyo (72) In-house, Era (72) Yutaka Hashimoto Asahi-machi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 11-1 Ebara Corporation (72) Inventor Tatsuya Hasegawa 11-1 Haneda Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo 11-1 Ebara Corporation (72) Inventor Fumiaki Rokaku 11-1 Haneda-Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo Shares Meeting F term in Ebara factory (reference) 3K061 AA11 AB02 AC01 BA01 DA17 DA18 EA07 EB08 3K064 AA04 AA10 AA18 AC05 AD05 AD08 BA03 BA05 BA07 BA11 BA13 BA19 BA22 3K065 AA11 AB02 AC01 BA01 JA04 JA18 3K078 CA21 A02 CA21 CA21 CA02 CA21 A02 BA03 CA02 CA21 CA02 CA21 A02 BA03 CA02 CA21 A02 CA29 CB45

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A high-temperature fluidizing medium is fluidized internally to
A gasification chamber for forming a fluidized bed of the gasification chamber having an interface of: and a gasification chamber for gasifying the first object in the fluidized bed of the gasification chamber; Forming a combustion chamber fluidized bed, and burning a second object to be treated in the combustion chamber fluidized bed, or char generated by gasification in the second object and the gasification chamber. And a combustion chamber that heats the fluidized medium in the combustion chamber in a fluidized bed; the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber are first above the interface between the fluidized beds in the vertical direction. Is a partition wall, and a communication port that connects the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber is formed in a lower portion of the first partition wall, and a height of an upper end of the communication port is equal to that of the first interface and A communication port that is below the second interface is formed, and the gas is introduced from the combustion chamber side through the communication port. Gas supply device; configured to move the fluid medium heated by the combustion chamber into the gasification chamber side. 2. A first gas path for supplying a combustible gas generated in the gasification chamber to a first gas utilization device; and a combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber separately from the combustible gas. The gas supply device according to claim 1, further comprising: a second gas path that supplies the first gas use device or the second gas use device. 3. A gas supply and utilization system comprising: the first gas utilization device; and the gas supply device according to claim 2. 4. A gasification step of thermally decomposing a first object to be treated to generate a combustible gas and char; burning a second object to be treated, or the second object and the gas; And a combustion step of combusting the char component generated in the gasification step to generate a combustion gas, and further obtaining the amount of heat necessary for the thermal decomposition reaction in the gasification step; The fluidized bed is formed by a fluidized bed formed of a medium; and the combustion step is performed with the amount of heat obtained by burning the second object to be treated or by burning the second object to be treated with the char component. A gas supply method, wherein the gasification step is performed in the fluidized bed formed by using at least a part of the fluidized medium heated in the combustion step; 5. A first gas supply step of supplying the combustible gas generated in the gasification step to a first gas utilization device;
A second gas supply step of supplying the combustion gas generated in the combustion step to the first gas utilization apparatus or to the second gas utilization apparatus separately from the combustible gas; Item 4. The gas supply method according to Item 4. 6. A gasification chamber for thermally decomposing an object to be processed to generate combustible gas and char; a combustion chamber for combusting the char generated in the gasification chamber to generate combustion gas; A melting furnace that burns combustible gas generated in the gasification chamber to melt ash; a first gas path that supplies the combustible gas generated in the gasification chamber to the melting furnace; A second gas path for supplying combustion gas to the melting furnace separately from the combustible gas; a gasification and melting system. 7. A high temperature fluidizing medium is fluidized internally to
A gasification chamber which forms a fluidized bed having an interface between the gasification chamber and a gasification chamber which gasifies an object to be treated in the fluidized bed; A combustion chamber that forms a chamber fluidized bed and burns the char generated by gasification in the gasification chamber in the combustion chamber fluidized bed to heat the fluidized medium; and burns the combustible gas to produce ash content. A melting furnace for melting the gas; a first gas path for supplying the flammable gas generated in the gasification chamber to the melting furnace; a combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber separately from the flammable gas;
A second gas path for supplying to the melting furnace; the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber are provided with a first partition so that gas does not flow above the interface between the fluidized beds in the vertical direction. A partition is formed by a wall, and a communication port that connects the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber is formed in a lower portion of the first partition wall, and a height of an upper end of the communication port is equal to that of the first interface and the second interface.
A communication port that is below the interface of the above is formed, and the fluidized medium heated in the combustion chamber is moved from the combustion chamber side to the gasification chamber side through the communication port; 8. A third gas passage branched from the second gas passage to guide the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber;
8. The gasification melting according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the melting furnace has an outlet gas path for guiding the exhaust gas that has exited the melting furnace; and the third gas path is connected to the outlet gas path. system. 9. A third object supply path for supplying the object to be processed; the third object supply path supplies the object to the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber. The gasification melting system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, which is configured as follows. 10. A first incombustible material discharge device for discharging a first incombustible material that has exited the gasification chamber; a first incombustible material discharge device disposed between the first incombustible material discharge device and the gasification chamber, and A first heat exchanger that recovers heat from a first incombustible; a gasification and melting system according to any one of claims 6 to 9. 11. A second incombustible material discharge device for discharging a second incombustible material that has left the combustion chamber; a second incombustible material discharge device disposed between the second incombustible material discharge device and the combustion chamber. A second heat exchanger for recovering heat from the incombustible material of claim 6; a gasification and melting system according to any one of claims 6 to 10. 12. A cyclone that is installed in the second gas path upstream of a branch point where the third gas path branches, and that separates char and ash from the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber; The gasification and melting system according to any one of claims 6 to 11, further comprising a return path that independently supplies char and ash separated by a cyclone to a melting furnace.