JP2002297816A - Information processing device and method, recording medium, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make easily usable contents in a random device by acquiring the number of outputs of a license for using the contents. SOLUTION: A leaf key is sent to a counterpart device (step S321), and an encrypted license and an EKB(an Enabling Key Block) to be used as key information for deciphering it is sent from the counterpart device and recorded (step S322).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus and method, a recording medium, and a program, and more particularly, to an information processing apparatus capable of using content on any device without obstructing distribution of the content. The present invention relates to a processing device and method, a recording medium, and a program.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, with the spread of the Internet, various contents such as audio and video have been transmitted through the Internet.

[0003] As described above, when contents are transmitted via the Internet, the scale of the contents is worldwide, so that it is required to reliably manage the copyright of the contents.

[0004]

The object of the invention is to, however, how to manage the traditional copyright, too much emphasis is placed on it to prevent the illegal copying of content, there is a problem in the distribution of the content itself becomes difficult Was.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and aims to make it possible to use contents on an arbitrary device while distributing the contents relatively freely.

[0006]

A first information processing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a first obtaining means for obtaining a license to be output to another information processing apparatus, and a license obtaining means for obtaining a license which is obtained by the first obtaining means. A second acquisition unit that acquires the number of times that the output is possible, a third acquisition unit that acquires the actual number of times that the license has been acquired by the first acquisition unit, and an output possibility that is acquired by the second acquisition unit. Comparing means for comparing the proper number of times with the number of times of output obtained by the third obtaining means;
Output means for outputting the license to another information processing device;
Control means for controlling output of the license to another information processing device by the output means based on the comparison result by the comparison means.

[0007] The output means may check out the license to another information processing apparatus.

[0008] The information processing apparatus may further include storage means for storing the license, and the obtaining means may obtain the license stored by the storage means.

[0009] An encryption means for encrypting the license is further provided, and the output means can output the license encrypted by the encryption means.

[0010] The information processing apparatus may further include a calculation means for calculating a predetermined calculation value based on the license, and the output means may further output the calculation value calculated by the calculation means.

The calculating means can calculate an integrity check value.

[0012] The information processing apparatus further includes storage means for storing identification information of another information processing apparatus that has output the license, and input means for inputting a license from the other information processing apparatus. The input of the license by the input means can be controlled based on the identification information.

[0013] The input means can check in the license from another information processing apparatus.

According to a first information processing method of the present invention, a first obtaining step of obtaining a license to be output to another information processing apparatus, and the number of times the license obtained by the processing of the first obtaining step can be output are set. A second obtaining step of obtaining the license, a third obtaining step of obtaining the actual number of times of output of the license obtained by the processing of the first obtaining step, and an output enabled by the processing of the second obtaining step. the number of times such, a comparison step of comparing the obtained number of output times by the process of the third acquisition step, and outputting the license to another information processing apparatus, based on a comparison result by the processing of the comparison step, characterized in that it comprises a control step of controlling the output to the other information processing apparatus of the license by the processing of the output step.

[0015] The program of the first recording medium of the present invention comprises:
First to acquire a license to output to another information processing device
, A second acquisition step of acquiring the number of times the license acquired by the processing of the first acquisition step can be output, and an actual output number of the license acquired by the processing of the first acquisition step. A third obtaining step of obtaining, a comparing step of comparing the number of output times obtained by the processing of the second obtaining step with the number of outputs obtained by the processing of the third obtaining step, Outputting to another information processing apparatus, and controlling the output of the license to another information processing apparatus by the processing of the output step based on the comparison result of the processing of the comparing step. .

According to a first program of the present invention, a first obtaining step of obtaining a license to be output to another information processing apparatus and the number of times the license obtained by the processing of the first obtaining step can be output are obtained. A second obtaining step, a third obtaining step of obtaining the actual number of times of output of the license obtained by the processing of the first obtaining step, and a possible output number of times obtained by the processing of the second obtaining step. And a comparison step of comparing the number of outputs obtained by the processing of the third obtaining step, an output step of outputting the license to another information processing apparatus, and an output step based on the comparison result of the processing of the comparison step. And a control step of controlling the output of the license to another information processing device by the above processing.

According to a second information processing apparatus of the present invention, a transmitting means for transmitting identification information to another information processing apparatus, and a license encrypted from the other information processing apparatus are transmitted together with key information for decrypting the license. It is characterized by comprising an acquiring means for acquiring, and a recording means for recording the license acquired by the acquiring means.

[0018] The acquisition means may further acquire the operation value calculated based on the license, and the recording means may further record the operation value.

Calculating means for calculating a calculated value based on the license data; comparing means for comparing the calculated value calculated by the calculating means with the calculated value recorded by the recording means; And control means for controlling the use of the license recorded by the recording means on the basis of.

According to a second information processing method of the present invention, there is provided a transmitting step of transmitting identification information to another information processing apparatus, and a step of transmitting an encrypted license from the other information processing apparatus together with key information for decrypting the license. It is characterized by including an acquiring step of acquiring and a recording step of recording the license acquired by the processing of the acquiring step.

[0021] The program of the second recording medium of the present invention comprises:
A transmitting step of transmitting identification information to another information processing apparatus, and a license encrypted from the other information processing apparatus,
It is characterized by including an acquiring step of acquiring together with key information for decrypting, and a recording step of recording the license acquired by the processing of the acquiring step.

According to a second program of the present invention, a transmitting step of transmitting identification information to another information processing apparatus, and obtaining an encrypted license from another information processing apparatus together with key information for decrypting the license. An acquisition step and a recording step of recording the license acquired by the processing of the acquisition step are executed.

A first information processing apparatus and method according to the present invention,
In the recording medium and the program, the license is output to another information processing device.

A second information processing apparatus and method according to the present invention,
In the recording medium and the program, the encrypted license is obtained together with the key information and decrypted.

[0025]

FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a content providing system to which the present invention is applied. Clients 1-1 and 1-2 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a client 1 when there is no need to individually distinguish these clients) are connected to the Internet 2. In this example, only two clients are shown, but an arbitrary number of clients are connected to the Internet 2.

The Internet 2 has a content server 3 for providing content to the client 1, a license server 4 for granting a license necessary for using the content provided by the content server 3 to the client 1, When the client 1 receives the license, a charging server 5 that performs a charging process on the client 1 is connected.

An arbitrary number of these content servers 3, license servers 4, and billing servers 5 are also connected to the Internet 2.

[0028] FIG. 2 shows a configuration of the client 1.

In FIG. 2, a CPU (Central Processing)
Unit 21 is a program stored in a ROM (Read Only Memory) 22 or a RAM (Rando
m Access Memory) 23 to execute various processes in accordance with the program loaded. The timer 20 performs a timing operation and supplies time information to the CPU 21. The RAM 23 also appropriately stores data necessary for the CPU 21 to execute various processes.

The encryption / decryption unit 24 performs a process of encrypting content data and decrypting already encrypted content data. The codec unit 25 includes, for example, ATRAC (Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding).
The content data is encoded by three methods or the like, supplied to the semiconductor memory 44 connected to the drive 30 via the input / output interface 32, and recorded. Alternatively, the codec unit 25 decodes the encoded data read from the semiconductor memory 44 via the drive 30.

The semiconductor memory 44 is composed of, for example, a Memory Stick (trademark).

The CPU 21, the ROM 22, the RAM 23, the encryption / decryption unit 24, and the codec unit 25 are interconnected via a bus 31. The input / output interface 32 is also connected to the bus 31.

The input / output interface 32 includes an input unit 26 including a keyboard and a mouse, a display including a CRT and an LCD, an output unit 27 including a speaker, a storage unit 28 including a hard disk, and the like.
A communication unit 29 including a modem, a terminal adapter, and the like is connected. The communication unit 29 performs communication processing via the Internet 2. The communication unit 29 performs communication processing of an analog signal or a digital signal with another client.

The drive 30 is connected to the input / output interface 32 as necessary, and the magnetic disk 41,
An optical disk 42, a magneto-optical disk 43, a semiconductor memory 44, or the like is appropriately mounted, and a computer program read therefrom is installed in the storage unit 28 as needed.

Although not shown, the content server 3, license server 4, and billing server 5 are also constituted by computers having basically the same configuration as the client 1 shown in FIG. Therefore, in the following description, the configuration of FIG. 2 is also referred to as the configuration of the content server 3, the license server 4, the charging server 5, and the like.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
A process in which the client 1 receives the provision of the content from the content server 3 will be described.

[0037] When the user instructs access to the content server 3 by operating the input unit 26, CPU
21 controls the communication unit 29 in step S1,
The content server 3 is accessed via the Internet 2. In step S2, the user operates the input unit 2
By operating 6 and specifying the content to be provided,
The CPU 21 receives the designation information and sends the information to the content server 3 from the communication unit 29 via the Internet 2.
Notify specified content. As will be described later with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 4, the content server 3 that has received the notification transmits the encrypted content data, so that in step S3, the CPU 21 When the content data is received, in step S4, the encrypted content data is supplied to the hard disk constituting the storage unit 28 and stored.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
A content providing process of the content server 3 corresponding to the above process of the client 1 will be described. In the following description, the configuration of the client 1 in FIG. 2 is also referred to as the configuration of the content server 3.

At step S21, the CPU 21 of the content server 3 waits until the client 1 accesses the Internet 2 via the communication unit 29, and when it is determined that the access has been received, the CPU 21 proceeds to step S22.
To fetch the information specifying the content transmitted from the client 1. The information designating the content is the information notified by the client 1 in step S2 of FIG.

In step S23, the CPU 21 of the content server 3 reads the content specified by the information taken in step S22 from the content data stored in the storage unit 28. CPU 21
Supplies the content data read from the storage unit 28 to the encryption / decryption unit 24 in step S24,
The content is encrypted using the content key Kc.

Since the content data stored in the storage unit 28 has already been encoded by the codec unit 25 according to the ATRAC3 system, the encoded content data is encrypted.

Note that, of course, the content data can be stored in the storage unit 28 in an encrypted state. In this case, the processing in step S24 can be omitted.

Next, in step S25, the content
The CPU 21 of the server 3
The header that makes up the format for transmitting
Key information necessary to decrypt the
EKB and K described later with reference to 5 _EKBC(Kc)) and content
License to identify the license required to use the
Add license ID. Then, in step S26
Then, the CPU 21 of the content server 3 determines in step S24
The content encrypted in the process of step S25 and the process of step S25.
Format and the header with the license ID added
The converted data is transmitted from the communication unit 29 to the Internet.
2 to client 1 that has accessed
You.

FIG. 5 shows a format configuration in the case where the content is supplied from the content server 3 to the client 1 in this manner. As shown in the drawing, this format is composed of a header (Header) and data (Data).

The header contains content information (Content in
formation), digital rights management information (DRM (Digital Ri
ght Management) information), license ID (Lic
ense ID), enabling key block (enabling key block) (EKB (Enabling Key Block)) and EKB
The data K _EKBC (Kc) as the content key Kc encrypted by using the key K _EKBC generated from is provided. The EKB will be described later with reference to FIG.

The content information includes a content ID (CID) as identification information for identifying content data formatted as data, and information such as a codec method of the content.

The digital rights management information includes rules and status for using the content (Usage rules / status),
L (Uniform Resource Locator) is arranged. In the usage rule and the state, for example, the number of times of reproduction and the number of times of copying of the content are described.

The URL is address information to be accessed when acquiring the license specified by the license ID.
In the case of the system shown in FIG. 1, specifically, the address of the license server 4 required for receiving a license.
The license ID identifies a license required when using the content recorded as data.

The data can be any number of encrypted blocks (En
cryption Blook). Each encryption block, initial vector (IV (Initial Vector)), and is made of the seed (Seed), and the content data with a key K'c encrypted data E _{K 'c} (data).

The key K'c is expressed by the following equation:
It is composed of a content key Kc and a value calculated by applying a value Seed set by a random number to a hash function.

K'c = Hash (Kc, Seed)

The initial vector IV and the seed Seed are set to different values for each encrypted block.

This encryption is performed every 8 bytes by dividing the content data in units of 8 bytes. Latter stage 8
The byte encryption is performed in a CBC (Cypher Block Chaning) mode performed using the result of the preceding 8-byte encryption.

In the case of the CBC mode, when encrypting the first 8-byte content data, there is no previous 8-byte encryption result, so when encrypting the first 8-byte content data, the initial Vector IV
Is used as an initial value for encryption.

By performing the encryption in the CBC mode, even if one encrypted block is decrypted, the influence of the decryption on another encrypted block is suppressed.

The encryption will be described later in detail with reference to FIG.

As described above, the client 1 can freely and freely acquire the content from the content server 3. Therefore, the content itself can be distributed in large quantities.

However, each client 1 needs to hold a license when using the acquired content. Thus, with reference to FIG. 6, a description will be given of a process when the client 1 reproduces a content.

In step S41, the client 1
CPU 21 acquires the identification information (CID) of the content designated by the user operating the input unit 26. The identification information includes, for example, a title of the content, a number assigned to each stored content, and the like.

When the content is instructed, the CPU 21 reads a license ID corresponding to the content (an ID of a license required to use the content). This license ID is, as shown in FIG.
This is described in the header of the encrypted content data.

Next, the process proceeds to step S42, where the CPU 21
Determines whether the license corresponding to the license ID read in step S41 has already been acquired by the client 1 and stored in the storage unit 28. If the license has not yet been acquired, the process proceeds to step S43, and the CPU 21 executes a license acquisition process. Details of the license acquisition processing will be described later with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

If it is determined in step S42 that the license has already been obtained, or if the license has been obtained as a result of executing the license obtaining process in step S43, the process proceeds to step S44, where the CPU 21 It is determined whether the acquired license is within the validity period. Whether or not the license is within the expiration date is determined by the expiration date defined in the license (see FIG. 8 described later) and the timer 20.
It is determined by comparing with the current date and time that is being measured by. If it is determined that the license expiration date has already expired, the CPU 21 proceeds to step S45 and executes a license update process. The details of the license update process will be described later with reference to the flowchart in FIG.

If it is determined in step S44 that the license is still within the expiration date, or if the license has been updated in step S45, the process proceeds to step S46, where the CPU 21 deletes the encrypted content data. The data is read from the storage unit 28 and stored in the RAM 23. Then, in step S47, the CPU 21
Represents the data of the encrypted block stored in the RAM 23,
In units of encrypted blocks arranged in the data of FIG. 5,
The content is supplied to the encryption / decryption unit 24, and is decrypted using the content key Kc.

A specific example of a method for obtaining the content key Kc is as follows.
Will be described later with reference to FIG. 15, but with not included in the license device node key (DNK) (FIG. 8), it is possible to obtain a key K _EKBC included in EKB (Fig. 5), the key K _EKBC , The content key Kc can be obtained from the data K _{EK BC} (Kc) (FIG. 5).

The CPU 21 further supplies the content data decrypted by the encryption / decryption unit 24 to the codec unit 25 in step S48, where the content data is decoded. Then, the CPU 21 supplies the data decoded by the codec unit 25 from the input / output interface 32 to the output unit 27, performs D / A conversion, and outputs the data from the speaker.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
The details of the license acquisition process performed in step S43 of FIG. 6 will be described.

First, in step S61, the CPU 21
Corresponds to the license ID currently being processed
The URL is obtained from the header shown in FIG. As described above, this URL is an address to be accessed when acquiring the license corresponding to the license ID also described in the header. Therefore, in step S62, the CPU 21 accesses the URL obtained in step S61. More specifically, the license server 4 is accessed from the Internet 2 via the communication unit 29. At this time, the license server 4 requests the client 1 to enter license designation information for designating a license to be purchased (a license necessary for using the content), and a user ID and a password (to be described later). Step S102 in FIG. 9). The CPU 21 displays this request on the display unit of the output unit 27. The user operates the input unit 26 based on the display to input the license designation information, the user ID, and the password. The user ID and the password are obtained in advance by the user of the client 1 accessing the license server 4 via the Internet 2.

In steps S63 and S64, the CPU 21 captures the license identification information input from the input unit 26, and captures the user ID and password.
In step S65, the CPU 21 controls the communication unit 29 to transmit the input user ID and password together with the license designation information to the license server 4 via the Internet 2.

As will be described later with reference to FIG. 9, the license server 4 converts the license based on the user ID and the password and the license designation information into a secret key (Private Key) of the user and a key corresponding to the secret key. (Step S109) or, if the conditions are not met, the license is not transmitted (step S11).
2).

In step S66, the CPU 21 determines whether or not a license has been transmitted from the license server 4. If a license has been transmitted, the process proceeds to step S67, in which the license is transmitted to the secret key and the public key. The certificate is supplied to the storage unit 28 together with the certificate and stored.

If it is determined in step S66 that the license has not been transmitted, the CPU 21 proceeds to step S68 to execute an error process. Specifically, CP
U21 does not obtain a license for using the content, and thus prohibits the content reproduction process.

As described above, each client 1
The content can be used only after obtaining the license corresponding to the license ID attached to the content data.

Note that the license acquisition processing in FIG. 7 can be performed in advance before each user acquires content.

The license provided to the client 1 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
ID and Device Naode Key (DN
K)).

The conditions of use are based on the license,
The expiration date when the content can be used, the download expiration date when the content can be downloaded based on the license, the number of times the content can be copied based on the license (the number of permitted copies), CD content based on checkout times, maximum checkout times, and its license
-R that can be recorded on R, Portable Devic
e) includes the number of times that the license can be copied, the right to transfer the license to the ownership (purchased state), and the obligation to take a usage log.

The leaf ID indicates identification information assigned to the license specified by the T system (described later with reference to FIG. 13), and DNK indicates an EKB (validation key block) corresponding to the license. This is a device node key necessary for decrypting the contained encrypted content key Kc (described later with reference to FIG. 12).

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG.
The license providing process of the license server 4 executed in response to the license acquisition process of the client 1 in FIG. Also in this case, the configuration of the client 1 in FIG.

In step S101, the CPU 21 of the license server 4 waits for access from the client 1, and when the access is received, the CPU 21 executes
Proceeding to step 02, the client 1 that has accessed is requested to transmit a user ID, a password, and license designation information. As described above, the client 1 receives the user ID, the password, and the license designation information (license I
When D) is transmitted, the CPU 2 of the license server 4
1 executes a process of receiving the data via the communication unit 29 and capturing the data.

Then, the CPU 21 of the license server 4
In step S103, the communication unit 29 accesses the accounting server 5 and requests the user for credit processing corresponding to the user ID and the password. Upon receiving a credit processing request from the license server 4 via the Internet 2, the charging server 5 checks the past payment history of the user corresponding to the user ID and the password, and determines that the user has paid for the license in the past. Check if there is a record of non-payment, and if there is no such record, send a credit result that allows the grant of license, and if there is a record of non-payment, disallow license grant Send credit result.

In step S104, the CPU 21 of the license server 4 determines that the credit result from the billing server 5 is
It is determined whether or not the result is a credit that allows the license to be granted. If the license is permitted, the process proceeds to step S105, and the process proceeds to step S105, where the process corresponds to the license designation information captured in step S102. The license is selected from the licenses stored in the storage unit 28. In step S106, the CPU 21
One DNK and leaf ID are assigned in accordance with the license. Further, in step S107, the CPU 21
Selects the use condition associated with the license selected in step S105. Alternatively, when the use condition is specified by the user in the process of step S102, the use condition is added to the use condition prepared in advance as needed.

In step S108, the CPU 21
The use condition selected in step S107 is changed to step S1.
06 and added in association with the DNK and leaf ID. As a result, a license having a configuration as shown in FIG. 8 is generated.

Next, proceeding to step S109, the CPU 21 of the license server 4 assigns the license (having the configuration shown in FIG. 8) to the user of the client 1 and the secret key corresponding to the secret key. Along with the public key certificate, the communication
Via the client 1. However, since one secret key and one certificate are assigned to the user and are not different for each license, they can be omitted if they have already been sent.

In step S110, the CPU 21 of the license server 4 executes the processing in step S109 to store the license (including the use condition, leaf ID, and DNK) transmitted together with the certificate and the private key in step S1.
02 is stored in the storage unit 28 in correspondence with the user ID and password taken in the process of 02. Further, step S1
In 11, the CPU 21 executes a billing process. Specifically, the CPU 21 sends the communication unit 29 to the charging server 5
Request accounting processing for the user corresponding to the user ID and password. The billing server 5 performs a billing process for the user based on the billing request. As described above, in the case where the user has not paid for this charging process, the user will not be able to receive a license even if the user requests to grant a license. .

That is, in this case, since a credit result indicating that the license is not permitted is transmitted from the charging server 5, the process proceeds from step S104 to step S112, and the CPU 21 executes an error process. Specifically, the CPU 21 of the license server 4 outputs a message to the effect that a license cannot be granted to the client 1 that has accessed the communication unit 29 by controlling the communication unit 29, and terminates the processing.

In this case, as described above, since the client 1 cannot receive the license, the client 1 cannot use the content (decrypt the encryption).

FIG. 10 shows details of the license update process in step S45 in FIG. The processing in steps S131 to S135 in FIG. 10 is basically the same as the processing in steps S61 to S65 in FIG. However, in step S133, the CP
U21 takes in the license ID of the license to be updated, not the license to be purchased. And step S
In 135, the CPU 21 transmits the license ID of the license to be updated to the license server 4 together with the user ID and the password.

In response to the transmission processing in step S135,
The license server 4 presents usage conditions as described later (step S153 in FIG. 11). Therefore, in step S136, the CPU 21 of the client 1 receives the use condition presentation from the license server 4, outputs the use condition presentation to the output unit 27, and displays it. The user operates the input unit 26 to select a predetermined usage condition from among the usage conditions, or to newly add a predetermined usage condition. In step S137, the CPU 21 transmits to the license server 4 an application for purchasing the usage conditions (conditions for updating the license) selected as described above. In response to this application, the license server 4 transmits final use conditions as described later (step S154 in FIG. 11). Therefore, step S1
At 38, the CPU 21 of the client 1 acquires the use condition from the license server 4, and proceeds to step S139.
, The use condition is updated as the use condition of the corresponding license already stored in the storage unit 28.

FIG. 11 shows a license update process executed by the license server 4 corresponding to the license update process of the client 1 described above.

First, in step S151, when the CPU 21 of the license server 4 receives access from the client 1, in step S152, the CPU 21 receives the license designation information transmitted in step S135 by the client 1 together with the license update request information.

In step S153, the CPU 21
Upon receiving the license update request, the storage unit 28 stores the usage conditions (usage conditions to be updated) corresponding to the license.
And sends it to the client 1.

In response to this presentation, as described above, purchase of use conditions from client 1 is performed in step S1 in FIG.
When the application is made in the process of step S37, the CPU 21 of the license server 4 generates data corresponding to the used usage condition in step S154, and transmits the data to the client and the server 1 in step S154. Client 1
Updates the use condition of the already registered license using the use condition received in the process of step S139, as described above.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG.
The key of the device and the license is managed based on the principle of the (cryption) method. The keys have a hierarchical tree structure, with the bottom leaf corresponding to the key of an individual device or license. In the example of FIG. 12, the number 0
Keys corresponding to the 16 devices or licenses No. to No. 15 are generated.

Each key is defined corresponding to each node of the tree structure indicated by a circle in the figure. In this example, the root key KR corresponding to the root node at the uppermost level, the keys K0 and K1 corresponding to the node at the second level, the keys K00 to K11 corresponding to the node at the third level, the fourth key Keys K000 to K111 correspond to the nodes in the row, respectively. Then, the keys K0000 to K1111 are added to the leaf (device node) as the lowest node.
Are respectively supported.

Because of the hierarchical structure, for example, the key above the keys K0010 and 0011 is K001, and the key above the keys K000 and K001 is K001.
00 is set. Hereinafter, similarly, the key K00 and the key K0
The upper key of 1 is K0, and the upper key of the keys K0 and K1 is KR.

The key for using the content is managed by a key corresponding to each node of one path from the device node (leaf) at the bottom to the root node at the top. For example, based on the license corresponding to the node 3 (leaf ID), the key for using the content is managed by each key of the path including the keys K0011, K001, K00, K0, and KR.

[0096] In the system of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 13, MG-R constructed in accordance with the principles of Figure 12
A key system called an entity manages device keys and license keys. In the example of FIG.
The 8 × 24 × 32 nodes have a tree structure, and categories correspond to each node from the root node to the lower 8 levels. Here, the category means a category such as a category of a device using a semiconductor memory such as a memory stick and a category of a device receiving a digital broadcast. Then, one of the category nodes is provided with T as a system for managing a license.
The system is supported.

That is, the key corresponding to the node in the lower 24 levels of the node of the T system is:
License is supported. In this case, this
About 16 mega (= 2 ²⁴ = about 1.6 million) licenses can be specified. Further, the lower 32 levels can define about 4 giga users (= 2 ³² = about 4 billion). The keys corresponding to the nodes at the bottom 32 constitute DNK (Device Node Key), and the ID corresponding to the DNK is the leaf ID.

The key of each device or license is 64
(= 8 + 24 + 32) It corresponds to one of the paths constituted by the nodes of the stage. For example, a content key obtained by encrypting a content is encrypted using a key corresponding to a node constituting a path allocated to a corresponding license. The key of the upper layer is encrypted using the key of the immediately lower layer, and is arranged in the EKB (described later with reference to FIG. 15). The bottom DNK is EKB
Is described in the license (FIG. 8), and is given to the client 1 of the user. Client 1
Uses the DNK described in the license to decrypt the key of the immediately higher hierarchy described in the EKB (FIG. 5) distributed together with the content data, and uses the decrypted key. , EKB described in the EKB are further decrypted. By sequentially performing the above processing, the client 1 can obtain all keys belonging to the content path.

FIG. 14 shows a specific example of the category classification in the hierarchical tree structure. In FIG. 14, a root key KR2301 is set at the top of the hierarchical tree structure, a node key 2302 is set at the following middle, and a leaf key 2303 is set at the bottom. Each device has an individual leaf key and a series of node keys from the leaf key to the root key, the root key.

The M-th stage from the top (M in the example of FIG. 13)
= 8) is set as the category node 2304. That is, each of the nodes in the M-th stage is a device setting node of a specific category. Nodes and leaves below the (M + 1) th stage, with one node at the Mth stage as a vertex,
Nodes and leaves related to devices included in the category.

For example, one node 2 at the M-th stage in FIG.
A category [memory stick (trademark)] is set in 305, and nodes and leaves following this node are set as nodes or leaves dedicated to the category including various devices using the memory stick. That is, the nodes 2305 and below are defined as a set of related nodes and leaves of the device defined in the memory stick category.

Further, a stage several stages lower than the M stage can be set as the subcategory node 2306. In the example of FIG. 14, the category [Memory Stick] node 2
A node 2306 of [reproduction-only device] is set as a subcategory node included in the category of a device using a memory stick at a node two steps below 305. Further, a node 2307 of the telephone with a music playback function included in the category of the playback-only device is set below the node 2306 of the playback-only device that is a subcategory node. [PHS] node 2308 and [mobile phone] node 2309 are set.

Further, the category and the sub-category are not only the types of the devices, but also nodes that are independently managed by a certain maker, content provider, settlement institution, etc. (These will be collectively referred to as entities hereinafter). For example, if one category node is set as a vertex node dedicated to a game device XYZ sold by a game device maker, the game device XYZ sold by the maker stores and stores the lower node key and leaf key below the vertex node. After that, the distribution of the encrypted content or the distribution and update of various keys is performed by generating and distributing an enabling key block (EKB) composed of a node key and a leaf key below the vertex node key. Data that can be used only for the following devices can be distributed.

As described above, by setting one node as a vertex and setting the following nodes as related nodes of a category or a subcategory defined in the vertex node, a category stage or a subcategory stage is set. A manufacturer or a content provider that manages one vertex node can independently generate an activation key block (EKB) having the node as a vertex and distribute it to devices belonging to the vertex node and below. Key update can be performed without affecting devices belonging to other categories of nodes that do not belong.

For example, in the tree structure shown in FIG. 12, three devices 0,
1, 2 and 3 are common keys K00 and K as node keys.
0, own KR. By utilizing this node key sharing configuration, a common content key is assigned to the devices 0, 1, and 1.
It is possible to provide only to a few. For example, if the commonly owned node key K00 itself is set as a content key, only the devices 0, 1, 2, and 3 can set a common content key without sending a new key. Also, a value Enc (K00, Kc) obtained by encrypting the new content key Kcon with the node key K00.
on) via a network or stored in a recording medium and distributed to the devices 0, 1, 2, 3, only the devices 0, 1, 2, 3 use the shared node key K00 held in each device. To encrypt Enc (K0
0, Kcon) to obtain the content key Kcon. Note that Enc (Ka, Kb) is Kb
Is data encrypted by Ka.

At a certain time t, if it is discovered that the key K0011, K001, K00, K0, KR owned by the device 3 has been analyzed and revealed by an attacker (hacker), the system (device 0 , 1,2,3
In order to protect the data transmitted and received by the group (3), it is necessary to disconnect the device 3 from the system. For this purpose, the node keys K001, K00, K0, KR are respectively replaced with new keys K (t) 001, K (t) 00, K (t) 0, K
(T) It is necessary to update to R and inform the devices 0, 1, and 2 of the update key. Here, K (t) aaa is the key K
Indicates that the key is an update key for the aaa generation (Generation) t.

The update key distribution process will be described. The key is updated by, for example, storing a table constituted by block data called an enabling key block (EKB) shown in FIG. 15A via a network or a recording medium by storing the table in a recording medium. 2
To be performed. The activation key block (EKB) is an encryption key for distributing a newly updated key to devices corresponding to each leaf (lowest node) constituting a tree structure as shown in FIG. Consists of a key. Activation key block (E
KB) is a key renewal block (KRB).
ock).

The enabling key block (EK) shown in FIG.
B) is configured as block data having a data configuration that can be updated only by a device that requires updating of the node key. The example of FIG. 15A is block data formed for the purpose of distributing the updated node key of the generation t in the devices 0, 1, and 2 in the tree structure shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 12, device 0 and device 1 use K (t) 00 and K (t) as update node keys.
0, K (t) R are required, and the device 2 uses K (t) 001, K (t) 00, K (t) as an update node key.
0, K (t) R is required.

As shown in the EKB of FIG.
B includes a plurality of encryption keys. The encryption key at the bottom of FIG. 15A is Enc (K0010, K (t) 00
1). This is the leaf key K00 of device 2.
10. The updated node key K (t) 00 encrypted by 10
1, the device 2 has its own leaf key K00
The decryption key can be decrypted by 10 to obtain an updated node key K (t) 001. Also, using the updated node key K (t) 001 obtained by decryption, FIG.
, The encryption key Enc (K (t) 001,
K (t) 00) can be decrypted, and the updated node key K
(T) 00 can be obtained.

Subsequently, by sequentially decrypting the second-stage encryption key Enc (K (t) 00, K (t) 0) from the top in FIG. 15A, an updated node key K (t) 0 is obtained. 15A, the encryption key Enc (K
By decrypting (t) 0, K (t) R), an updated root key K (t) R is obtained.

On the other hand, the node key K000 is not included in the object to be updated, and the nodes 0 and 1 need K (t) 00, K (t) 0 and K (t) as updated node keys.
R. Nodes 0 and 1 have device keys K0000,
The updated node key K (t) 00 is obtained by decrypting the encryption key Enc (K000, K (t) 00) in the third stage from the top in FIG. From the second-stage encryption key Enc (K (t) 0
0, K (t) 0), the updated node key K
(T) 0 is obtained, and the encryption key E in the first stage from the top in FIG.
By decoding nc (K (t) 0, K (t) R), an updated root key K (t) R is obtained. Thus, the devices 0, 1, and 2 can obtain the updated key K (t) R.

The index in FIG. 15A indicates the absolute addresses of the node key and leaf key used as the decryption key for decrypting the encryption key on the right side of the figure.

When the node keys K (t) 0 and K (t) R in the upper stage of the tree structure shown in FIG. 12 do not need to be updated, and only the node key K00 needs to be updated, the validity of FIG. By using the encrypted key block (EKB), the updated node key K (t) 00 is
Can be distributed to

The EKB shown in FIG. 15B can be used, for example, when distributing a new content key shared by a specific group. As a specific example, a device 0, 1, 2, 3 in a group indicated by a dotted line in FIG.
(T) Assume that con is required. At this time, K, which updates the common node key K00 of the devices 0, 1, 2, 3
(T) New common updated content key K using 00
(T) Data Enc (K (t) 0 that is obtained by encrypting con)
0, K (t) con) is distributed with the EKB shown in FIG. 15B. By this distribution, device 4 etc.
Distribution as data that cannot be decrypted by devices in other groups becomes possible.

That is, if the devices 0, 1, and 2 decrypt the ciphertext using the key K (t) 00 obtained by processing the EKB, the device 0, 1, 2 can obtain the content key K (t) con at the time point t. Will be possible.

[0116] FIG. 16, the content key K at the time t
As an example of processing for obtaining (t) con, data Enc (K (t) 00, K (t) con) obtained by encrypting a new common content key K (t) con using K (t) 00
15 shows the processing of the device 0 that has received the EKB shown in FIG. 15B via the recording medium. That is, in this example, EKB
The encrypted message data by the content key K
This is an example of (t) con.

As shown in FIG. 16, the device 0 performs the same EKB processing as described above by using the EKB at the generation t stored in the recording medium and the node key K000 stored in advance by itself. Node key K (t)
00 is generated. Further, the device 0 decrypts the updated content key K (t) con using the decrypted updated node key K (t) 00, and encrypts and stores the decrypted updated content key K (t) con with the leaf key K0000 of its own to use it later. I do.

FIG. 17 shows a format example of the enabling key block (EKB). The version 601 is an identifier indicating the version of the activation key block (EKB). The version has a function of identifying the latest EKB and a function of indicating a correspondence relationship with the content. The depth indicates the number of layers in the hierarchical tree for the device to which the activation key block (EKB) is distributed. Data pointer 6
03 is the data part 6 in the activation key block (EKB)
06, and a tag pointer 604
Is the position of the tag section 607, and the signature pointer 605 is the signature 60
8 is a pointer indicating the position of 8.

The data section 606 stores, for example, data obtained by encrypting a node key to be updated. For example, each encryption key related to the updated node key as shown in FIG. 16 is stored.

The tag section 607 is a tag indicating the positional relationship between the encrypted node key and leaf key stored in the data section 606. The tag assignment rule will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 18 shows an example in which the enabling key block (EKB) described above with reference to FIG. 15A is sent as data. The data at this time is as shown in the table of FIG. 18B. The address of the top node included in the encryption key at this time is set as the top node address. In the case of this example, since the update key K (t) R of the root key is included, the top node address is KR. At this time,
For example, the data Enc (K (t) 0, K (t) at the top stage
R) corresponds to the position P0 shown in the hierarchical tree shown in FIG. 18A. The data in the next stage is Enc (K (t) 00, K
(T) 0), which corresponds to the lower left position P00 of the previous data on the tree. As viewed from a predetermined position in the tree structure, if there is data below the tag, the tag is set to 0, and if not, the tag is set to 1. The tag is set as {left (L) tag, right (R) tag}. The position corresponding to the data Enc (K (t) 0, K (t) R) at the top of FIG. 18B
Since there is data at the lower left position POO of PO, L tag =
0, since there is no data on the right, R tag = 1. Hereinafter, tags are set for all data, and the data strings and tag strings shown in FIG. 18C are configured.

The tag stores the corresponding data Enc (Kxx
x, Kyyy) is set to indicate where in the tree structure it is located. Data section 606
Key data Enc (Kxxx, Kyyy) stored in
.. Are simply data of a series of encrypted keys, but the above-mentioned tag makes it possible to determine the position of the encryption key stored as data on the tree. Instead of using the tag described above, as in the configuration described with reference to FIG. 15, using a node index corresponding to encrypted data, for example, 0: Enc (K (t) 0, K (t) R) 00: Enc (K (t) 00, K (t) 0) 000: Enc (K ((t) 000, K (t) 00)... But,
Such a configuration using an index results in redundant data and an increased data amount, which is not preferable for distribution over a network. On the other hand, by using the above-described tag as index data indicating the key position, the key position can be determined with a small data amount.

[0123] Referring back to FIG. 17, will be further described EKB format. A signature (Signature) 608 is an electronic signature executed by, for example, a key management center (license server 4), a content provider (content server 3), a payment institution (charging server 5), etc., which issued the activation key block (EKB). . The device that received the EKB
Validation key block (EKB) valid by signature verification
Confirm that it is the activation key block (EKB) issued by the issuer.

As described above, the process of using the content supplied from the content server 3 based on the license supplied from the license server 4 is summarized as shown in FIG.

That is, while the content is provided from the content server 3 to the client 1, a license is supplied from the license server 4 to the client 1. The license includes DNK (FIG. 8). The content is encrypted by the content key Kc (Enc (Kc, Content)), and the content key Kc
Is a key obtained from the root key KR (EKB,
(Corresponding to the key K _EKBC in) (Enc (K
R, Kc)) and EKB are added to the encrypted content and provided to the client 1.

The EKB in the example of FIG. 19 includes, for example, a root key KR encrypted by DNK as shown in FIG.
(Enc (DNK, KR)). Therefore, the client 1 can obtain the root key KR from the EKB by using the DNK included in the license. Furthermore, the content key Kc can be decrypted from Enc (KR, Kc) using the root key KR, and Enc can be decrypted using the content key Kc.
The content can be decrypted from (Kc, Content).

As described above, by individually assigning DNKs to licenses, revocation of individual licenses (revoks) can be performed in accordance with the principle described with reference to FIGS.
e) becomes possible.

By distributing the license to each user, the license server 4 and the client 1 associate the leaf ID with the DNK.
It is possible to prevent illegal copying of the license.

Also, the license is used as a key (DNK and leaf I
D) and the use condition (FIG. 8) make it possible to change the use condition without re-encryption or the like. By distributing certificates and private keys along with licenses, end users can also:
Using these, it is possible to create content that can prevent unauthorized copying.

The use of a certificate and a private key is described in FIG.
It will be described later with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In the present invention, as described with reference to FIG. 13, the T
Since a system is associated with a category of a device that uses various contents, a plurality of DNKs can be provided in one (common) device. As a result, contents of different categories can be managed by one device.

FIG. 21 shows this relationship. That is, the device D1 has the DNK1 based on the T system.
Is assigned, and a license for using the content 1 is recorded. Similarly, this device D1 has, for example, a CD on a memory stick to which DNK2 has been assigned.
Can be recorded. In this case, the device D1 can simultaneously handle contents distributed by different systems (the T system and the device management system) of the contents 1 and the contents 2. When assigning a new DNK, if the device is made to correspond to only one DNK, for example, by deleting the already assigned DNK, this is not possible.

In FIG. 13, for example, the lower 3
By allocating the license category 1 and the license category 2 shown in FIG. 22 to each of the triangles of the two layers, the same category is used as a subcategory to use the content genre, label, store, It is possible to categorize and manage small groups of distribution services and the like.

In the example of FIG. 22, for example, license category 1 belongs to the jazz genre, and license category 2 belongs to the rock genre. Content 1 whose license ID is 1 is included in license category 1.
And content 2 are associated with each other and distributed to users 1 to 3, respectively. License category 2 includes content 3, content 4, and content 5 with license ID 2, and is provided to user 1 and user 3, respectively.

As described above, according to the present invention, independent key management can be performed for each category.

Also, instead of embedding the DNK in the device or the medium in advance, the license server 4 generates the DNK on the spot and downloads it to each device or the medium, so that the user can purchase the key. The system can be realized.

[0137] The content should be made available for all uses, regardless of how it is used after it has been created. For example, it is desirable to be able to use the same content even in different content distribution services or domains with different usage conditions. In the present invention,
As described above, the private key and the corresponding public key certificates are distributed to each user (client 1) from the license server 4 as a certificate authority.
Each user uses their private key to create a signature
Can be created and added to the content to guarantee the authenticity of the content and prevent the content from being tampered with.

An example of the processing in this case will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. The processing in FIG. 23 describes the ripping processing in which the data reproduced by the user from the CD is stored in the storage unit 28.

First, in step S171, the CPU 21 of the client 1 fetches, as recording data, CD playback data input via the communication unit 29. In step S172, the CPU 21 determines whether or not the recording data captured in step S171 includes a watermark. This watermark is composed of 3-bit copy management information (CCI) and 1-bit trigger (Trigger). When the watermark is detected, the CPU 21 embedded in the content data , Proceeding to step S173,
A process for extracting the watermark is executed. If there is no watermark, step S173
Is skipped.

Next, in step S174, the CPU 2
1 creates data of a header to be recorded corresponding to the content. The header data is composed of a content ID, a license ID, a URL indicating an access destination for acquiring a license, and a watermark.

Next, the process proceeds to step S175, where the CPU 21
Creates a digital signature based on the header data created in the process of step S174 using its own secret key. This secret key is obtained from the license server 4 (step S67 in FIG. 7).

In step S176, the CPU 21 controls the encryption / decryption unit 24 to encrypt the content with the content key. The content key is obtained when the content is obtained (see FIG. 5 or FIG. 1).
9).

Next, in step S177, the CPU 2
1 is a magneto-optical disk 4 composed of, for example, a mini disk or the like based on a file format.
Record in 3.

If the recording medium is a mini-disc, in step S176, the CPU 21 supplies the content to the codec unit 25, and encodes the content by, for example, the ATRAC3 method. Then, the encoded data is further encrypted by the encoding / decoding unit 24.

FIG. 24 schematically shows a state in which the content is recorded on the recording medium as described above. A watermark (WM) extracted from the encrypted content (E (At3)) is recorded outside the content (header).

FIG. 25 shows a more detailed configuration of a file format when content is recorded on a recording medium. In this example, the content ID (CID), license ID (LID), URL, and watermark (W
M), and data (Enc (KR, K) obtained by encrypting the EKB and the content key Kc with the root key KR.
c)), a certificate (Cert), a digital signature generated based on a header (Sig (Header)), data encrypted content with the content key _{K c (Enc (Kc, Content} )),
Metadata and marks are recorded.

Although the watermark is embedded inside the content, as shown in FIG. 24 and FIG. 25, the watermark is arranged in the header separately from the inside of the content. Mark quickly,
And it becomes possible to detect easily. Therefore, it can be quickly determined whether or not the content can be copied.

Note that the metadata represents data such as a jacket, a photograph, and lyrics. About the mark,
This will be described later with reference to FIG.

FIG. 26 shows an example of a public key certificate as a certificate. A public key certificate is a certificate issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) in public key cryptography, and the certificate authority is valid for the user's ID and public key submitted to the certificate authority. It is created by adding information such as a time limit and further adding a digital signature by a certificate authority. In the present invention, since the license server 4 (or the content server 3) also issues a certificate and a private key, and thus a public key, the user only needs to provide an ID and a password to the license server 4, and the public key certification A letter can be obtained (step S67 in FIG. 7).

The public key certificate shown in FIG. 26 includes the version number of the certificate, the serial number of the certificate that the license server 4 assigns to the user of the certificate, the algorithm and parameters used for the digital signature, The message includes the name of the certificate authority (license server 4), the expiration date of the certificate, the ID of the certificate user (node ID or leaf ID), and the public key of the certificate user. Further, a digital signature created by the license server 4 as a certificate authority is added to this message. The digital signature is data generated by using a secret key of the license server 4 based on a hash value generated by providing a hash function to the message.

The node ID or leaf ID is, for example, as shown in FIG.
In the case of the example 2, the device 0 is set to “0000”, the device 1 is set to “0001”, and the device 1
If it is 5, it is "1111". Based on such an ID, it is identified at which position (leaf or node) in the tree structure the device (entity) is the entity.

As described above, by distributing the license required to use the content separately from the content, the content can be freely distributed. Content obtained by any method or route can be handled centrally.

By configuring the file format as shown in FIG. 25, it is possible not only to distribute the content in the format via the Internet but also to provide the content to an SDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiative) device. It is possible to manage the copyright of the content.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 27, even if the content is provided via a recording medium or via the Internet 2, the same processing is performed by the SDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiat
ive) For a given PD (Portabal Device) as a device,
You can check out.

Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 28, the client 1 is connected to another client (for example, PD).
A description will be given of a process for checking out a content with respect to.

First, in step S191, the CPU
21 determines whether a digital signature has been added to the content. If it is determined that the digital signature has been added, the process proceeds to step S192, and the CPU 21 executes a process of extracting the certificate and verifying the certificate with the public key of the certificate authority (license server 4). That is, client 1
Acquires a public key corresponding to the private key of the license server 4 from the license server 4, and decrypts the digital signature attached to the public key certificate with the public key. As described with reference to FIG. 26, the digital signature is generated based on the private key of the certificate authority (license server 4), and can be decrypted using the public key of license server 4. Further, the CPU 21 calculates a hash value by applying a hash function to the entire certificate message. Then, the CPU 21 compares the calculated hash value with the hash value obtained by decrypting the digital signature, and determines that the message is not falsified if they match. If they do not match, this certificate has been tampered with.

Therefore, in step S193, the CPU
21 determines whether the certificate has been tampered with. If it is determined that the certificate has not been tampered with, the process proceeds to step S194, and the certificate is verified by EKB. This verification process is performed by checking whether or not the EKB can be traced based on the leaf ID (FIG. 26) included in the certificate. This verification will be described with reference to FIGS.

Now, as shown in FIG. 29, for example,
It is assumed that the device having the leaf key K1001 is a revoked device. At this time, an EKB having data (encryption key) and a tag as shown in FIG. 30 is distributed to each device (leaf). This EKB is shown in FIG.
In order to revoke device "1001" in
This is an EKB for updating the keys KR, K1, K10, and K100.

All leaves other than the revoked device “1001” can acquire the updated root key K (t) R. That is, since the leaf following the node key K0 holds the node key K0 that has not been updated in the device, the encryption key Enc (K0,
By decrypting K (t) R) with the key K0, an updated root key K (t) R can be obtained.

The leaves below the node key K11 are:
Using the node key K11 that has not been updated, Enc (K
11, K (t) 1) is decrypted with the node key K11, whereby the updated node key K (t) 1 can be obtained. Furthermore, by decrypting Enc (K (t) 1, K (t) R) with the node key K (t) 1, it becomes possible to acquire the updated root key K (t) R. The updated root key K (t) R can be similarly obtained for the lower leaf of the node key K101.

Further, the device "1000" having the non-revoked leaf key K1000 uses its own leaf key K1000 to control Enc (K1000, K (t) 10).
0) can be decrypted to obtain a node key K (t) 100, which can be used to sequentially decrypt higher-order node keys to obtain an updated root key K (t) R.

On the other hand, the revoked device “1001” cannot obtain the updated node key K (t) 100 one stage higher than its own leaf by the EKB process, so that the updated root key K (t) R cannot be obtained.

An EKB having data and a tag shown in FIG. 30 is distributed from the license server 4 and stored in a legitimate device (client 1) that has not been revoked.

Therefore, each client can perform the EKB tracking process using the tag. This EKB tracing process is a process of determining whether or not to trace a key distribution tree from a higher root key.

For example, the ID of leaf “1001” in FIG.
(Leaf ID) "1001" is changed to "1""0"
It is grasped as four bits of “0” and “1”, and it is determined whether the tree can be traversed sequentially from the most significant bit in accordance with the lower bits. In this determination, if the bit is 1, the process proceeds to the right, and if the bit is 0, the process proceeds to the left.

Since the most significant bit of ID “1001” is 1, the process proceeds to the right from the root key KR in FIG. The first tag of EKB (tag with number 0) is 0: {0,0},
It is determined that both branches have data. In this case, since it is possible to proceed to the right side, it is possible to reach the node key K1.

Next, the process proceeds to a node below the node key K1. Since the second bit of ID “1001” is 0, the process proceeds to the left. The tag of No. 1 indicates the presence or absence of data below the left node key K0, and the tag indicating the presence or absence of data below the node key K1 is the tag of No. 2. This tag is, as shown in FIG.
0}, and both branches have data. Therefore, it is possible to go to the left and reach the node key K10.

Further, the third bit of the ID "1001" is 0, and the process proceeds to the left. At this time, the tag indicating the presence / absence of lower-order data of K10 (tag of number 3) is 3: $ 0,
0}, and it is determined that both branches have data.
Therefore, the user can proceed to the left and reach the node key K100.

Further, the least significant bit of the ID “1001” is 1, and the process proceeds to the right. The tag of number 4 is the node key K
The tag corresponding to No. 11 and indicating the code of the lower data of K100 is the tag of No. 5. This tag
5: {0, 1}. Therefore, no data exists on the right side. As a result, the node “1001” cannot be reached, and the device with the ID “1001” is determined to be a device that cannot acquire an updated root key by EKB, that is, a revoked device.

On the other hand, for example, the leaf key K10
The device ID having “00” is “1000”, and the EKB tracing process based on the tag in the EKB can reach the node “1000” in the same manner as described above. Therefore, the device with the ID “I000” is determined to be a valid device.

Returning to FIG. 28, CPU 21 determines in step S
Based on the verification process in 194, it is determined in step S195 whether the certificate has been tampered with. If the certificate has not been tampered with, the process proceeds to step S196, where the digital signature is stored in the public key included in the certificate. Execute the verification process.

That is, as shown in FIG. 26, the certificate includes the public key of the certificate subscriber (content creator), and the signature (FIG. 25) shown in FIG. Sig (Header)) is verified. That is, the data (hash value) obtained by decrypting the digital signature Sig (Header) using this public key is shown in FIG.
By comparing the header with a hash value calculated by applying a hash function to the header, if they match, it can be confirmed that the Header has not been tampered with. On the other hand, if they do not match, the Header has been tampered with.

In step S197, the CPU 21 sets H
It is determined whether or not the eader has been tampered with. If the eader has not been tampered with, the process proceeds to step S198 to verify the watermark. In step S199, the CPU 21
As a result of the verification of the watermark, it is determined whether or not check-out is possible. If the check-out is possible, the process proceeds to step S200, and the CPU 21 executes the check-out. That is, the content is transferred and copied to the check-out destination client 1.

In step S191, when it is determined that the digital signature does not exist, in step S193, when it is determined that the certificate has been falsified, in step S195, the certificate cannot be verified by EKB. If it is determined that the header has been tampered with as a result of the verification of the digital signature in step S197, or it is determined in step S199 that check-out prohibition is described in the watermark. If so, the process proceeds to step S201, and error processing is executed. That is, in this case, checkout is prohibited.

As described above, by distributing the certificate and the secret key from the license server 4 to the user and adding a digital signature when creating the content, it is possible to guarantee the authenticity of the creator of the content. As a result, distribution of unauthorized content can be suppressed.

Further, by detecting a watermark at the time of content creation and attaching the information to a digital signature, falsification of the watermark information can be prevented, and the authenticity of the content can be guaranteed.

As a result, the content once created is
Regardless of the form of distribution, the authenticity of the original content can be guaranteed.

Further, since the content has no use condition, and the use condition is attached to the license, changing the use condition in the license changes the use condition of the related content simultaneously. It becomes possible.

Next, a method of using a mark will be described. In the present invention, as described above, the use conditions are:
It is attached to the license, not the content. However, the usage situation may differ depending on the content. Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 25, a mark is added to the content.

Since the license and the content have a one-to-many relationship, it is difficult to describe the individual usage status of the content only in the license usage condition. Thus, by adding the usage status to the content in this way, it is possible to manage individual contents while managing with a license.

In this mark, for example, as shown in FIG. 31, a user ID (leaf ID), ownership flag, use start time, number of copies, and the like are described.

Further, a digital signature generated based on a message such as a leaf ID, an ownership flag, a use start time, and the number of copies is added to the mark.

The ownership flag is added, for example, when a license that enables the use of content for a predetermined period is purchased as it is (when the usage period is permanently changed). The use start time is described when the use of the content is started within a predetermined period. For example, in a case where the time for downloading the content is restricted, if the download is performed within the time limit, the date and time when the content was actually downloaded is described here. This proves to be a valid use within the period.

In the copy count, the number of times the content has been copied so far is described as a history (log).

Next, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 32, a process of adding a mark when a user purchases a license will be described as an example of adding a mark to content.

First, in step S221, the CPU
21 accesses the license server 4 via the Internet 2 based on a user command from the input unit 26.

[0187] In step S222, the CPU 21
An input from the user via the input unit 26 is received, and a license purchase request is made to the license server 4 in response to the input.

In response to this request, as described later with reference to the flowchart in FIG.
Presents the price necessary for purchasing the license (step S242 in FIG. 33). Then, in step S223, when receiving the presentation of the price from the license server 4, the CPU 21 of the client 1 outputs this to the output unit 27 and displays it.

The user determines whether or not to accept the presented consideration based on the display, and inputs the determination result from the input unit 26 based on the determination result.

In step S224, the CPU 21 determines
Based on the input from the input unit 26, it is determined whether or not the user has accepted the presented price. If it is determined that the value has been accepted, the process proceeds to step S225 and the license server 4
The process of notifying the user of the approval is executed.

Upon receiving this acknowledgment notice, the license server 4 transmits information indicating purchase of the consideration, that is, a mark describing the ownership flag (step S244 in FIG. 33). Therefore, in step S226,
Upon receiving the mark from the license server 4, the CPU 21 of the client 1 executes a process of embedding the received mark in the content in step S277. That is, as a result, as a mark of the content corresponding to the purchased license, a mark in which the ownership flag is described as shown in FIG. 31 is recorded corresponding to the content. Also, at this time, the CPU
In step 21, since the message has been updated, the digital signature (FIG. 25) is also updated and recorded on the recording medium.

If it is determined in step S224 that the consideration presented by the license server 4 has not been accepted, the process proceeds to step S228, and the CPU 21 notifies the license server 4 that the presented consideration is not accepted.

In response to such processing by the client 1, the license server 4 executes the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG.

That is, first, in step S241, when the license purchase request is transmitted from the client 1 (step S222 in FIG. 30), the CPU 21 of the license server 4 receives the request, and in step S242, The price necessary for purchasing the license is read from the storage unit 28 and transmitted to the client 1.

As described above, the client 1 sends a notification as to whether or not to approve the price presented in response to the price presented in this way.

Therefore, in step S243, the CPU 21 of the license server 4 determines whether an acknowledgment has been received from the client 1, and if it determines that the acknowledgment has been received, the process proceeds to step S244 to be targeted. A mark including a message indicating the purchase of a license is generated, a digital signature is added using its own secret key, and the mark is transmitted to the client 1. The mark transmitted in this manner is recorded in the storage unit 28 of the client 1 in the corresponding content as described above (step S227 in FIG. 32).

If it is determined in step S243 that an acknowledgment notification has not been received from client 1,
Step S244 is skipped. That is,
In this case, the mark is not transmitted because the license purchase processing has not been finally performed.

FIG. 34 shows an example of the configuration of a mark transmitted from the license server 4 to the client 1 in step S244. In this example, the leaf ID of the user, the ownership flag (Own), and the leaf ID and the ownership flag are stored in the digital signature Sig _s (LeafID, Own) generated based on the secret key S of the license server 4.
The mark is formed by n).

Since this mark is valid only for a specific content of a specific user, when the target content is copied, the mark attached to the copied content is Invalidated.

[0200] Thus, to separate the content and the license, in the case of corresponding usage condition to the license, it becomes possible to realize a service in accordance with the usage of individual content.

Next, grouping will be described. Collecting a plurality of devices and media appropriately and allowing content to be freely exchanged within one set is called grouping. Usually, this grouping is performed on devices and media owned by individuals. Conventionally, this grouping has been performed by setting a group key for each group. However, it is possible to easily perform grouping by associating the same license with a plurality of devices and media to be grouped. Become.

By registering each device in advance,
Grouping is also possible. The grouping in this case will be described below.

In this case, the user needs to register the certificate of the device to be grouped in the server in advance. This certificate registration process is described in FIGS.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the registration process of the certificate of the client (device to be grouped) will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In step S261, the CPU 21 of the client 1 creates its own certificate as a device to be grouped. This certificate contains your own public key.

[0205] Then, the program proceeds to step S262, CPU21
Accesses the content server 3 based on the user's input from the input unit 26, and executes a process of transmitting the certificate created in the process of step S261 to the content server 3 in step S263.

The certificate received from the license server 4 can be used as it is.

The above processing is performed by all devices to be grouped.

Next, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 36, a process of registering a certificate of the content server 3 performed in correspondence with the process of registering a certificate of the client 1 of FIG. 35 will be described.

First, when the CPU 21 of the content server 3 receives the certificate transmitted from the client 1 in step S271, the CPU 21 registers the certificate in the storage unit 28 in step S272.

The above process is performed for each device to be grouped. As a result, in the storage unit 28 of the content server 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 37, for each group, the certificates of the devices constituting the group are registered.

In the example shown in FIG.
Certificates C11 to C14 are registered as
You. These certificates C11 to C14 have corresponding public
Open key K _P11Or K_P14It is included.

Similarly, certificates C21 to C23 are registered as certificates of group 2, and include the corresponding public keys K _{P21 to} K _P23 .

When the user requests the device belonging to the group in a state where the certificate has been registered for each device constituting the group as described above, the content server 3 executes the process shown in FIG. The processing shown in the flowchart of FIG.

First, in step S281, the CPU 21 of the content server 3 executes a process of verifying a certificate belonging to the group among certificates stored in the storage unit.

This verification processing is performed, as described with reference to FIGS. 29 and 30, by using the leaf included in the certificate of each device.
This is done by tracing the EKB using tags based on the ID. The EKB is also distributed from the license server 4 to the content server 3. By this verification process, the revoked certificate is excluded.

[0216] In step S282, the CPU 21 of the content server 3 selects a valid certificate as a result of the verification processing in step S281. Then, in step S283, the CPU 21 encrypts the content key with each public key of the certificate of each device selected in the process of step S282. In step S284, the CPU 21
Is added to each device of the target group in step S28
The content key encrypted in the process 3 is transmitted together with the content.

Assuming that, for example, the certificate C14 of the group 1 shown in FIG. 37 has been revoked, encrypted data as shown in FIG. 39 is generated in the process of step S283.

That is, in the example of FIG. 39, the content key Kc is the public key K _{P11 of} the certificate C11 and the certificate C1
The public key K _P13 of the second public key K _P12 or certificate C13,, is encrypted.

In response to the processing as shown in FIG. 38 of the content server 3, the devices (clients) of each group receiving the provision of the content execute the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG.

First, in step S 291, the CPU 21 of the client 1 determines that the content server 3
The content transmitted in step S284 is received together with the content key. The content is encrypted with the content key Kc, and the content key is encrypted with the public key held by each device as described above (FIG. 39).

Therefore, in step S292, the CPU
21 decrypts the content key addressed to itself received in the process of step S291 with its own secret key and acquires it.
Then, the content is decrypted using the obtained content key.

For example, the certificate C1 shown in the example of FIG.
The device corresponding to 1 uses its own secret key corresponding to the public key K _P11 to decrypt the encryption of the content key Kc and obtain the content key Kc. Then, the content is further decrypted using the content key Kc.

[0223] Similar processing is also performed in devices corresponding to certificates C12 and C13. The device of the revoked certificate C14 cannot decrypt the content key Kc because the content key Kc encrypted using its own public key is not sent along with the content,
Therefore, the content cannot be decrypted using the content key Kc.

In the above description, the grouping is performed on the content key (ie, the content). However, the grouping can be performed on the license key (license).

As described above, grouping can be performed without using a special group key or an ICV (Integerity CheckValue) described later. This grouping is suitable for applying to small groups.

In the present invention, the license is also checked out, checked in, moved,
And it can be copied. However, these processes are performed based on the rules defined by SDMI.

Next, the license check-out processing by such a client will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 41 and 42.

First, the processing of a client that checks out a license to another client will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. First, in step S301, the CPU 21 of the client 1 checks the number of checkouts N of the license to be checked out.
Read 1. Since the number of checkouts is written in the usage conditions as shown in FIG. 8, it is read from the usage conditions.

Next, in step S302, the CPU 2
1 reads the maximum checkout number N2 of the license to be checked out from the license usage conditions.

Then, in step S303, the CPU
21 compares the number of checkouts N1 read in the processing of step S301 with the maximum number of checkouts N2 read in the processing of step S302, and determines whether the number of checkouts N1 is greater than the maximum number of checkouts N2. Is determined.

If it is determined that the number of check-outs N1 is greater than the maximum number of check-outs N2, the process proceeds to step S304, where the CPU 21 obtains the leaf key of the other device (the checkout destination client) from each other device. Then, the leaf key is stored in the checkout list of the storage unit 28 in correspondence with the license ID that is to be checked out now.

Next, in step S305, the CPU 2
In step 1, the value of the license checkout count N1 read in the process of step S301 is incremented by one. In step S306, the CPU 21 calculates an ICV based on the license message. This I
The CV will be described later with reference to FIGS.
It is possible to prevent tampering of the license using ICV.

Next, in step S307, the CPU 2
1 is a license to be checked out and a step S
The ICV calculated in the process of 306 is encrypted using its own public key, and is output to the other device together with the EKB and the certificate, and copied. Further, step S3
In 08, the CPU 21 stores the ICV calculated in the process of step S306 in the check list of the storage unit 28 in association with the leaf key of the partner device and the license ID.

If it is determined in step S303 that the number of checkouts N1 is not larger than (for example, equal to) the maximum number of checkouts N2, the checkout has already been performed an allowable number of times, and the checkout is no longer performed. Can not do. Therefore, the process proceeds to step S309, and the CPU 21 executes an error process. That is, in this case, the checkout process is not performed.

Next, with reference to a flowchart of FIG. 42, a description will be given of a process of a client receiving a license check-out by the check-out process of FIG.

First, in step S321, the own leaf key is transmitted to the partner device (the client 1 that checks out the license). This leaf key is stored in step S304 by the client on the other end in association with the license ID.

Next, in step S322, the CPU 2
When the encrypted license and ICV are transmitted together with the EKB and the certificate from the client 1 on the other end, the client 1 receives the license and the ICV. That is, this license, IC
The V, the EKB, and the certificate have been transmitted from the partner device in the process of step S307 in FIG.

[0238] In step S323, the CPU 21
The license, ICV, E received in the process of step S322
The KB and the certificate are stored in the storage unit 28.

As described above, the client 1 having received the license check-out executes the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG. 43 when playing back the predetermined content using the checked-out license. I do.

That is, first, in step S341, the CPU 21 of the client 1 calculates the ICV of the content specified to be reproduced by the user via the input unit 26. Then, in step S342, the CPU 21
Is the encrypted ICV stored in the storage unit 28
Is decrypted based on the public key included in the certificate.

Next, in step S343, the CPU 2
1 is the value currently calculated by the process of step S341.
It is determined whether or not the ICV matches the ICV read and decrypted by the process of step S342. If they match, the license has not been tampered with. Therefore, the process proceeds to step S344, in which the CPU 21
A process for reproducing the corresponding content is executed.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S343 that the two ICVs do not match, the license may be falsified. Therefore, the process proceeds to step S345, and the CPU 21 performs an error process.
That is, at this time, the content cannot be reproduced using the license.

Next, the processing of the client receiving the check-in of the license once checked out to another client as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, in step S361, the CPU
Reference numeral 21 acquires the leaf key of the partner device (the client 1 returning (checking in) the license) and the ID of the license to be checked in. Next, in step S362, the CPU 21 determines whether or not the check-in target license acquired in step S361 is a license that has been checked out to the partner device by itself. This determination is made in step S30 of FIG.
The process is performed based on the ICV, the leaf key, and the license ID stored in the process of No. 8. That is, step S36
Leaf key, license ID, and ICV obtained in 1
Is determined in the check-out list, and if so, it is determined that the license is checked out by itself.

If the license is checked out by itself, the CPU proceeds to step S363 to
21 requests deletion of the license, EKB, and certificate of the partner device. As will be described later, based on this request, the device on the other end executes the deletion of the license, the EKB, and the certificate (step S383 in FIG. 45).

In step S364, the CPU 21 determines
Since the license once checked out is checked in again, the number N1 of check outs of the license is decremented by one.

[0247] In step S365, the CPU 21
It is determined whether another license has been checked out to the partner device. If there is no other license checked out yet, the process proceeds to step S365, where the CPU 21 checks the partner device. Delete the storage in the checkout list as the target device for in. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S364 that there is another license that has been checked out to the device on the other end, there is a possibility that another license may be checked in, so the processing in step S366 is performed. Is skipped.

If it is determined in step S362 that the license to be checked in is not a license which has been checked out to the partner device, the CPU 21 proceeds to step S367 to execute a header process. That is, in this case, the check-in process is not executed because the license is not under the jurisdiction of itself.

If the user illegally copies the license, the stored ICV value and the
Since the value of the ICV calculated based on the license acquired in the process of step 61 is different, check-in cannot be performed.

FIG. 45 shows a client process for checking in a license possessed by a client executing the license check-in process shown in the flowchart of FIG.

In step S381, the CPU 21 of the client 1 transmits the leaf key and the ID of the license to be checked in to the partner device (the client 1 executing the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG. 44). As described above, the partner device acquires the leaf key and the license ID in step S361, and executes the authentication processing of the check-in target license based on the leaf key and the license ID in step S362.

[0252] In step S382, the CPU 21 of the client 1 determines whether or not a request to delete a license has been made by the partner device. That is, when the license is a valid check-in target license, as described above, the other device requests deletion of the license, the EKB, and the certificate in the process of step S363. Therefore, when this request is received, step S38
Proceeding to 3, the CPU 21 deletes the license, EKB and certificate. That is, this allows this client 1
Becomes unusable thereafter, and the check-in frequency N1 is decremented by 1 by the process of step S364 in FIG. 44, and thus the check-in is completed.

If it is determined in step S382 that a license deletion has not been requested from the partner device, the flow advances to step S384 to execute error processing. That is, in this case, check-in cannot be performed due to a difference in the value of ICV or the like.

In the above, check-in and check-out have been described. Similarly, it is also possible to copy or move a license.

[0255] Next, generate a license integrity check value licenses in order to prevent falsification of (same content) (ICV), in association with the license, the calculation of the ICV, determine the presence or absence of license falsification A description will be given of the processing configuration to be performed.

The license integrity check value (ICV) is calculated using, for example, a hash function for the license, and ICV = hash (Kicv, L
1, L2,...). Kicv I
This is a CV generation key. L1 and L2 are license information, and the message authentication code (M
AC: Message authentication Code) is used.

FIG. 46 shows an example of MAC value generation using the DES encryption processing configuration. As shown in the configuration of FIG. 46, the target message is divided into 8-byte units (hereinafter, the divided messages are referred to as M1, M2,..., MN).
First, the initial value (IV) and M1 are exclusive-ORed by the arithmetic unit 24-1A (the result is I1). Next, I
1 into the DES encryption unit 24-1B, and a key (hereinafter, K1
(The output is E1). Subsequently, E1 and M2 are exclusive-ORed by the operation unit 24-2A, the output I2 is input to the DES encryption unit 24-2B, and is encrypted using the key K1 (output E2). Less than,
This is repeated to perform encryption processing on all messages. E that last appears from the DES encryption unit 24-NB
N is the message authentication code (MAC)
tion Code)).

The license MAC value and ICV
A license integrity check value (ICV) is generated by applying a hash function to the generated key. For example, an ICV generated at the time of license generation and an ICV generated based on a new license are compared and the same ICV is generated.
Will guarantee that the license has not been tampered with,
If the ICVs are different, it is determined that tampering has occurred.

Next, a configuration in which Kicv, which is a license integrity check value (ICV) generation key, is transmitted by the above-described activation key block will be described. That is, this is an example in which encrypted message data by EKB is used as a license integrity check value (ICV) generation key.

When a common license is sent to a plurality of devices in FIG. 47 and FIG. 48, an integrity check value generation key Kicv for verifying whether or not those licenses have been tampered with is distributed by an activation key block (EKB). An example of the configuration will be described. FIG. 47 shows device 0,
Check value generation key Ki that can be decrypted for 1, 2, and 3
FIG. 48 shows an example of distributing cv.
An example is shown in which a device 3 out of 2 and 3 is revoked (excluded) and a check value generation key Kicv that can be decrypted only for devices 0, 1 and 2 is distributed.

In the example of FIG. 47, the updated node key K (t)
00, together with data Enc (K (t) 00, Kicv) obtained by encrypting the check value generation key Kicv,
Node keys K updated using the node keys and leaf keys of the respective devices 0, 1, 2, and 3
(T) Activation key block (EKB) that can decrypt 00
Generate and distribute. As shown on the right side of FIG. 47, each device first obtains an updated node key K (t) 00 by processing (decrypting) the EKB, and then obtains the obtained node key K (t) 00. Using,
Encrypted check value generation key Enc (K (t) 0
0, Kicv) and decrypts the check value generation key Kic.
v can be obtained.

The other devices 4, 5, 6, 7,... Receive the same activation key block (EKB), but the node keys and leaf keys owned by themselves have the node key K updated by processing the EKB. Since (t) 00 cannot be acquired, the check value generation key can be safely transmitted only to a valid device.

On the other hand, in the example of FIG. 48, it is assumed that the device 3 is revoked (excluded) due to, for example, leakage of a key in a group surrounded by a dotted frame in FIG. This is an example of generating and distributing an enabling key block (EKB) that can be decrypted only for 1, 2, and 3. The data Enc (K) obtained by encrypting the activation key block (EKB) shown in FIG. 48 and the check value generation key (Kicv) with the node key (K (t) 00).
(T) 00, Kicv).

The decoding procedure is shown on the right side of FIG. The devices 0, 1, and 2 first update the updated node key (K (t)) from the received activation key block by performing decryption processing using the leaf key or node key owned by the device.
00). Next, a check value generation key Kicv is obtained by decryption using K (t) 00.

[0265] Another group of devices 4, shown in FIG.
, 6,... Cannot acquire the updated node key (K (t) 00) using their own leaf key and node key even if they receive the similar data (EKB). Similarly, the revoked device 3 cannot acquire the updated node key (K (t) 00) with its own leaf key and node key.
Only a device having a legitimate right can decrypt and use the check value generation key.

As described above, by using the delivery of the check value generation key using the EKB, it is possible to distribute the check value generation key in which the data amount is reduced and only the authorized right person can safely decrypt. Becomes

The integrity of such a license
By using the check value (ICV), illegal copying of the EKB and the encrypted license can be eliminated.
For example, as shown in FIG. 49A, it is assumed that there is a medium 1 in which a license L1 and a license L2 are stored together with an activation key block (EKB) capable of acquiring respective license keys, and the medium 1 is directly copied to the medium 2. . The EKB and the encrypted license can be copied, and this can be used in a device that can decrypt the EKB.

In the example shown in FIG. 49B, the integrity and the license are stored in association with the license properly stored in each medium.
The check value (ICV (L1, L2)) is stored. Note that (ICV (L1, L2)) is an IC integrity check value of a license calculated using a hash function for the licenses L1 and L2.
V = hash (Kicv, L1, L2).
In the configuration of FIG. 49B, media 1 properly stores license 1 and license 2, and stores an integrity check value (ICV (L1, L2)) generated based on license L1 and license L2. In addition, the license 1 is properly stored in the medium 2, and the integrity check value (ICV (L1)) generated based on the license L1 is stored.

In this configuration, assuming that {EKB, license 2} stored in the medium 1 is copied to the medium 2, when a new license check value is generated in the medium 2, ICV (L1, L2) is generated. That is, Kicv (L1) stored in the medium 2
Unlike this, it becomes clear that a new license has been stored due to tampering or unauthorized copying of the license. In the device that plays the media, an ICV check is performed in a step before the playback step, and the generation I
Determine whether the CV matches the stored ICV, and if they do not match,
By adopting a configuration in which reproduction is not performed, it is possible to prevent reproduction of an illegally copied license.

Further, in order to further enhance security, a configuration may be employed in which an integrity check value (ICV) of a license is generated based on data including a rewrite counter. That is, ICV = hash (Kicv, c
counter + 1, L1, L2,...). Here, the counter (counter +
1) is set as a value that is incremented by one every time the ICV is rewritten. Note that the counter value needs to be stored in a secure memory.

Further, in a configuration in which the license integrity check value (ICV) cannot be stored on the same medium as the license, the configuration in which the license integrity check value (ICV) is stored on a different medium from the license is used. It may be.

For example, a read-only medium or a normal M
If the license is stored on media that does not take copy protection measures such as O, integrity and
If the check value (ICV) is stored, the ICV may be rewritten by an unauthorized user, and the security of the ICV may not be maintained. In such a case, the ICV is stored on a secure medium on the host machine, and the license copy control (for example, check-in / check-out,
By using ICV for move), IC
V can be safely managed and the license can be checked for tampering.

An example of this configuration is shown in FIG. In FIG. 50, licenses 1 to 3 are stored in a read-only medium or a medium 2201 that is not protected by copy protection such as a normal MO, and the user can freely access an integrity check value (ICV) related to these licenses. This is an example in which the information is stored in a secure medium 2202 on a host machine which is not permitted to perform the operation, thereby preventing a user from rewriting an unauthorized integrity check value (ICV). As such a configuration, for example, media 2
If the device to which the device 201 is attached is configured to execute the ICV check in the PC or server serving as the host machine when executing the reproduction of the medium 2201, and determine whether or not the reproduction is possible, an illegal copy license or a falsified license may be invalidated. Reproduction can be prevented.

The client to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a so-called personal computer, but may be a PDA (Personal Digital
gital assistants), mobile phones, game terminals, and the like.

When a series of processing is executed by software, a program constituting the software is installed in a computer incorporated in dedicated hardware, or various programs are installed, thereby realizing various functions. Is installed from a network or a recording medium into, for example, a general-purpose personal computer capable of executing the program.

[0276] As shown in FIG.
A magnetic disk 41 (including a floppy disk) on which the program is recorded and an optical disk 42 which are distributed to provide the user with the program separately from the apparatus main body
(CD-ROM (Compact DisK Read Only Memory), DVD (Digital
Versatile Disk), magneto-optical disk 43 (MD
(Including a Mini-Disk), or a packaged medium including a semiconductor memory 44, and a ROM 22 storing a program, which is provided to a user in a state where the program is incorporated in the apparatus main body in advance, The storage unit 28 includes a hard disk and the like.

In the present specification, the step of describing a program recorded on a recording medium may be performed not only in chronological order according to the described order but also in chronological order. This also includes processing executed in parallel or individually.

Also, in this specification, the system is
It represents the entire device composed of a plurality of devices.

[0279]

As described above, according to the first information processing apparatus and method, recording medium, and program of the present invention,
Since the license is output to another information processing device, the content can be used by any device without obstructing the distribution of the content.

The second information processing apparatus and method according to the present invention,
According to the recording medium and the program, the encrypted license is acquired together with the key information and decrypted, so that it is possible to acquire the license held by another device and use the content.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a content providing system to which the present invention has been applied.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a client in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a content download process of the client in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a content providing process of the content server of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a format in step S26 of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a content reproduction process of the client in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating details of a license acquisition process in step S43 of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a license.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a license providing process of the license server of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating details of a license update process in step S45 of FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a license update process of the license server in FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a key.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a category node.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a specific example of correspondence between nodes and devices.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an enabling key block.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the use of an activation key block.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a format of an enabling key block.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a tag of an activation key block.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating content decryption processing using DNK.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of an activation key block.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating assignment of a plurality of contents to one device.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating categories of licenses.

FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustrating a client ripping process.

FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a watermark.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of a content format.

FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of a public key certificate.

FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating distribution of content.

FIG. 28 is a flowchart illustrating a content check-out process of a client.

FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating an example of tracing an activation key block by a tag.

FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an enabling key block.

FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a mark.

FIG. 32 is a flowchart illustrating a license purchase process of a client.

FIG. 33 is a flowchart illustrating a license purchase process of a license server.

FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a mark.

FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating a client certificate registration process.

FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating a certificate registration process of the content server.

FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating an example of a certificate of a group.

FIG. 38 is a flowchart illustrating processing of the content server when grouping is performed.

FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating an example of content key encryption.

FIG. 40 is a flowchart illustrating processing of a client belonging to a group.

FIG. 41 is a flowchart illustrating processing of a client that checks out a license to another client.

FIG. 42 is a flowchart illustrating processing of a client receiving a license check-out from another client.

FIG. 43 is a flowchart illustrating a playback process of a client that has received a license check-out.

FIG. 44 is a flowchart illustrating processing of a client receiving a license check-in from another client.

FIG. 45 is a flowchart illustrating processing of a client that checks in a license with another client.

FIG. 46 is a diagram illustrating generation of a MAC.

FIG. 47 is a flowchart illustrating a decryption process of an ICV generation key.

FIG. 48 is a diagram illustrating another decryption process of the ICV generation key.

FIG. 49 is a diagram illustrating management of license copying by ICV.

FIG. 50 is a diagram illustrating license management.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-1, 1-2 client, 2 Internet, 3 content server, 4 license server, 5 billing server, 20 timer, 21 CPU,
24 encryption / decryption unit, 25 codec unit, 26
Input unit, 27 output unit, 28 storage unit, 29 communication unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G06F 17/60 512 G06F 17/60 512

Claims (17)

[Claims] An information processing apparatus that manages a license that defines a use condition of a content, wherein the first obtaining means obtains the license to be output to another information processing apparatus; and the first obtaining means obtains the license. Second obtaining means for obtaining the number of times the license can be output, third obtaining means for obtaining the actual number of times of outputting the license obtained by the first obtaining means, and the second obtaining means. Comparing means for comparing the number of times of output obtained by the means with the number of times of output obtained by the third obtaining means; output means for outputting the license to the other information processing apparatus; Control means for controlling output of the license by the output means to the other information processing apparatus based on a comparison result by the comparison means. Information processing device. 2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output unit checks out the license to the another information processing apparatus. 3. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a storage unit that stores the license, wherein the obtaining unit obtains the license stored by the storage unit. 4. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an encryption unit that encrypts the license, wherein the output unit outputs the license encrypted by the encryption unit. apparatus. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an operation unit configured to calculate a predetermined operation value based on the license, wherein the output unit further outputs the operation value calculated by the operation unit. An information processing apparatus according to claim 1. 6. The information processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said calculating means calculates an integrity check value. 7. A storage unit for storing identification information of the other information processing device that has output the license, and an input unit for inputting the license from the another information processing device, wherein the control unit includes: The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein input of the license by the input unit is controlled based on the identification information stored in a storage unit. 8. The information processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the input unit checks in the license from the another information processing apparatus. 9. An information processing method for an information processing apparatus that manages a license that defines a use condition of a content, wherein: a first obtaining step of obtaining the license to be output to another information processing apparatus; A second acquisition step of acquiring the number of times that the license can be output acquired by the processing of the step; and a third acquisition of acquiring the actual number of output times of the license acquired by the processing of the first acquisition step. And a comparing step of comparing the number of outputs that can be obtained by the processing of the second obtaining step with the number of outputs obtained by the processing of the third obtaining step; An output step of outputting to the information processing device of the above, and a processing of the output step based on a comparison result by the processing of the comparing step. Controlling the output of the license to the other information processing device based on the logic. 10. A program of an information processing apparatus that manages a license that defines a use condition of a content, wherein: a first obtaining step of obtaining the license to be output to another information processing apparatus; A second obtaining step of obtaining the number of times the license can be output obtained by the processing; a third obtaining step of obtaining the actual number of output of the license obtained by the processing of the first obtaining step; A comparing step of comparing the number of outputs that can be obtained by the processing of the second obtaining step with the number of outputs obtained by the processing of the third obtaining step; An output step of outputting to a processing device; and a processing of the output step based on a comparison result obtained by the processing of the comparison step. Controlling the output of the license to the other information processing device according to a logical control method. 11. A first acquisition step of acquiring the license to be output to another information processing apparatus by a computer that controls an information processing apparatus that manages a license that defines a use condition of the content; and the first acquisition A second acquisition step of acquiring the number of times that the license can be output acquired by the processing of the step; and a third acquisition of acquiring the actual number of output times of the license acquired by the processing of the first acquisition step. And a comparing step of comparing the number of outputs that can be obtained by the processing of the second obtaining step with the number of outputs obtained by the processing of the third obtaining step; An output step of outputting to the information processing device of the above, and the output step based on a comparison result by the processing of the comparison step Controlling the output of the license to the other information processing apparatus by the processing of (a). 12. An information processing apparatus that uses a license that stipulates usage conditions of content, a transmitting unit that transmits identification information to another information processing apparatus; An information processing apparatus, comprising: an obtaining unit that obtains, together with key information for decrypting, a recording unit that records the license obtained by the obtaining unit. 13. The information processing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the obtaining unit further obtains an operation value calculated based on the license, and the recording unit further records the operation value. apparatus. 14. A calculating means for calculating the calculated value based on the license data, and a comparing means for comparing the calculated value calculated by the calculating means with the calculated value recorded by the recording means. 14. The information processing apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising: a control unit configured to control use of the license recorded by the recording unit based on a comparison result of the comparison unit. 15. An information processing method for an information processing apparatus using a license that defines a use condition of a content, wherein: a transmission step of transmitting identification information to another information processing apparatus; An information processing method, comprising: an acquisition step of acquiring the license together with key information for decrypting the license; and a recording step of recording the license acquired by the processing of the acquisition step. 16. A program for an information processing apparatus that uses a license that defines a use condition of a content, wherein: a transmission step of transmitting identification information to another information processing apparatus; A computer-readable program characterized by comprising: an acquisition step of acquiring a license together with key information for decryption; and a recording step of recording the license acquired by the processing of the acquisition step. Recording media. 17. A transmitting step of transmitting identification information to another information processing apparatus to a computer that controls an information processing apparatus that uses a license that stipulates a usage condition of the content; A program for executing an acquisition step of acquiring the license together with key information for decrypting the license, and a recording step of recording the license acquired by the processing of the acquisition step.