JP2002102885A - Water cleaning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning apparatus capable of certainly decomposing even a nitrogen-containing compound to clean water. SOLUTION: The water cleaning apparatus has a water permeable container body, the treatment material housed in the container body to clean water to be treated by microorganisms supported on the treatment material and a water passing means for passing water to be treated through the container body. The treatment material is prepared by a carbonaceous carrier 35 and an inclusive fixing carrier 36 wherein denitrifying bacteria are inclusively fixed in a polymeric material and the nitrogen-containing compound is decomposed by denitrifying bacteria of the inclusive fixing carrier 36.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to, for example, lakes, marshes, ponds,
The present invention relates to a water purification device for purifying water in dams, reservoirs, reservoirs, rivers, irrigation canals, moats, canals, aquariums, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Lakes, ponds, dams, reservoirs, reservoirs, rivers,
In the water bodies to be purified such as irrigation canals, moats, canals, aquariums, etc., as a measure against water pollution, a purifying section containing a treatment material in a water-permeable container is placed in the water area, and the purifying section is provided with water to be treated in the water area. Is forcibly passed through to purify the water to be treated by microorganisms carried on the treatment material of the purification unit. Here, charcoal is used as the treatment material, and the microorganisms carried on the charcoal are aerobic microorganisms, which mainly remove biodegradable organic substances.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional water purification apparatus, since it is operated under aerobic conditions, organic substances can be efficiently decomposed and converted into carbon dioxide, but organic nitrogen and ammonia can be used. The processing capacity of nitrogen-containing compounds including nitrogen and the like was insufficient.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a water purification apparatus capable of reliably decomposing and purifying nitrogen-containing compounds.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the water purification apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided with a container body through which water can pass, and a microorganism that is accommodated in the container body and carried by the microorganism. It has a treatment material for purifying treated water, and a water passing means for allowing the water to be treated to pass through the container body, wherein the treatment material is a carbonaceous carrier made of a carbonaceous material, and a polymer material. It is characterized in that it is mixed with an entrapping immobilization carrier in which denitrifying bacteria are entrapped and immobilized without being unevenly distributed.

[0006] As described above, as the treatment material contained in the water-permeable container, a carbonaceous carrier made of a carbonaceous material,
Since a mixture of a polymer material and an entrapping immobilization carrier encapsulating and fixing denitrifying bacteria is used, organic substances are decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms supported on the carbonaceous carrier and decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms. Nitrogen-containing compounds that are not present are degraded by the denitrifying bacteria in the entrapping immobilization carrier. Moreover, nitrogen-containing compounds that cannot be completely decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms are discharged from the aerobic microorganisms and, as a result, are contained in a state concentrated in the microbial membrane formed on the surface of the carbonaceous carrier. Since the carbonaceous carrier and the entrapping immobilization carrier are mixed as described above, the entrapping immobilization carrier close to the carbonaceous carrier degrades the high-concentration nitrogen-containing compound contained in the microorganism membrane in a concentrated state. Become.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water purification apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the carbonaceous carrier and the entrapping fixed carrier have substantially the same sedimentation speed in water. It is characterized by.

[0008] As described above, since the sedimentation speeds of the carbonaceous carrier and the entrapping immobilized carrier in the respective waters are substantially the same, for example, the water flow and the entrapment due to continuous purification treatment can be eliminated. When washing is performed by introducing an air flow into the container and flowing the treatment material, the carbonaceous carrier and the entrapping fixed carrier that settle after washing will be settled evenly, without being locally unevenly distributed. It becomes a state of being uniformly mixed in the container.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A water purification apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a water purification apparatus 11 of this embodiment includes a plurality of floats 12 floating in a treated water area 10 to be purified, such as a pond or lake, and a connecting member for connecting the floats 12 to each other. 13 and the water surface 1
It has a purification processing unit 15 held below 0 a, a driving device 16 mounted on the connecting member 13, and a solar cell 17 mounted on the connecting member 13. In addition, the upper and lower sides in the following description are the upper and lower sides in the state arranged in the treated water area 10.

The purification processing unit 15 has a cylindrical outer peripheral cylindrical portion 21 arranged along the axial direction and a disk-like cylindrical member attached so as to close the lower opening side of the outer peripheral cylindrical portion 21. A lower plate portion 22, a disk-shaped upper plate portion 23 attached so as to close an upper opening side of the outer peripheral cylindrical portion 21, and an inner peripheral cylindrical portion disposed inside and coaxial with the outer peripheral cylindrical portion 21; 24, and a through hole 26 having a smaller diameter than the inner peripheral cylindrical portion 24 is formed in the upper plate portion 23 at the center. Here, a large number of water holes 28 are formed on the entire surface of the container body 25, and the entire surface is made permeable.

A cylindrical pumping pipe extends through the through hole 26 of the upper plate 23 and extends from a position slightly above the lower plate 22 to a position slightly above the upper plate 23. The body 31 is fixed. The pumping pipe 31 is provided inside the inner peripheral cylindrical portion 24 so as to be coaxial therewith.

In the gap between the outer cylindrical portion 21 and the inner cylindrical portion 24 of the container 25, the processing material 3 having a diameter larger than that of the water passage hole 28 is provided.
2 are accommodated therein, and the container 25 and the processing material 32 form a purifying section 33. Here, the processing material 32 is
Purification treatment of the water to be treated by the microorganisms carried,
An amount sufficient to form a gap with the upper plate portion 23 while being deposited on the lower plate portion 22 is supplied.

In this embodiment, the processing material 3
As shown in FIG. 2, a large number of charcoal (carbonaceous carrier) 35 composed of a carbonaceous material and a large number of denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria immobilized in a gel polymer material such as polyethylene glycol as schematically shown in FIG. Cubic inclusive fixed carrier 36
Is used. Both are filled in a uniformly mixed state without uneven distribution. Usually, the carrier does not swing when performing purification.
The charcoal 35 carries an aerobic microorganism, but other carbonaceous carriers such as activated carbon may be used instead of the charcoal 35.

Here, the charcoal 35 and the entrapping fixed carrier 36
The sedimentation velocity in each water is made equal by adjusting the specific gravity, the size, and the like. For example, if the charcoal 35 has a particle size in the range of 0.5 to 30 mm, the sedimentation speed in water will be 50 to 100 mm / sec, and the inclusive fixed carrier 36 will have a cubic shape with one side of 3 to 30 mm. The sedimentation speed in water is 50-100mm / sec
The specific gravity of the carrier is adjusted so that Thus, the sedimentation speed in each water is made substantially equal.

An air ejection pipe 38 is inserted through the pumping pipe 31. The air ejection pipe 38 has a plurality of air ejection holes (not shown) formed at a lower portion arranged in the pumping pipe body 31. The other side of the air ejection pipe 38 is guided to the outside of the pumping pipe body 31 and is connected to the driving device 16 via a connection pipe 39.

A cleaning nozzle 41 is fixed to the lower side of the container 25 along the lower plate portion 22. The cleaning nozzle 41 includes a cylindrical main pipe 43 arranged parallel to the lower plate 22 and a cylindrical branch pipe 44 branched from the main pipe 43 and arranged parallel to the lower plate 22. The branch pipe 44 has a large number of air outlets (not shown) penetrating inside and outside at predetermined intervals over the entire length. The main pipe 43 of the cleaning nozzle 41 is connected to the connecting pipe 4 by the side of the container 25.
5 is connected to the driving device 1 through the connecting pipe 45.
6.

Next, the driving device 16 will be described. The drive device 16 has a housing 47 mounted on the connection member 13 for connecting the plurality of floats 12, and as shown in FIG. 4, the connection pipe 39 on the air ejection pipe 38 side and the cleaning nozzle 41 side The connecting pipe 45 is connected to an electromagnetic switching valve 48 in the housing 47. The switching valve 48 is also connected to the air discharge side of a compressor 49 arranged in the housing 47.

The switching valve 48 switches between a state in which the discharge side of the compressor 49 communicates with the connecting pipe 39 without communicating with the connecting pipe 45 and a state in which the discharge side of the compressor 49 communicates with the connecting pipe 45 without communicating with the connecting pipe 39. It has been replaced.

The switching valve 48 and the compressor 49
Is electrically connected to a controller 50 provided in the housing 47. The controller 50 is also electrically connected to the solar cell 17 and controls power supply from the solar cell 17 to the compressor 49 and the switching valve 48.

Here, when purifying the water to be treated in the treated water area 10, the controller 50 sets the compressor 49 in a driving state and connects the switching valve 48 to the connection pipe 45 at the discharge side of the compressor 49. The state is a purification processing state in which communication with the connecting pipe 39 is performed without any change. Then, compressed air is supplied from the compressor 49 to the air ejection pipe 38 via the connection pipe 39, and the compressed air is ejected from an air ejection hole (not shown) of the air ejection pipe 38 to form bubbles in the water pumping pipe body 31. The water bubbles move upward from the bottom, and the movement of the air bubbles causes an upward water flow, that is, an air lift in the pumping pipe body 31. As a result, the water in the inner cylindrical portion 24 of the purification section 33 is sucked by the pumping pipe 31 and discharged to the treated water area 10.

The water to be treated inside the purifying section 33 is forcibly sucked by the pumping pipe body 31 in this manner, so that the water to be treated outside the purifying section 33 is forcibly moved to the outer peripheral cylindrical portion 21 and the upper plate portion 2.
The water is introduced into the purifying section 33 from the water holes 3 of the lower plate section 3 and the lower plate section 22, moves the purifying section 33 in the direction of the central axis, and passes through the center inner peripheral cylindrical portion 24. The carrier is fixedly disposed on the bottom of the purification unit 33 by this water flow. At this time, biodegradable organic substances such as algae such as blue-green algae, organic suspended matter, and soluble organic substances are decomposed into aerobic microorganisms carried on the charcoal 35 in the purification unit 33.

Further, when the water to be treated passes through the purifying section 33, nitrogen-containing compounds that cannot be decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms are decomposed by the denitrifying bacteria in the entrapping fixed carrier 36 in the purifying section 33.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3, a microbial membrane 52 of a nitrogen-containing compound or an aerobic microorganism that directly infiltrates from water is formed on the surface of the charcoal 35 as the purification process proceeds. The microbial membrane 52 contains a nitrogen-containing compound that cannot be completely decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms as a result of being discharged from the aerobic microorganisms in a concentrated state. Since the charcoal 35 and the entrapping fixed carrier 36 are mixed, the entrapping fixed carrier 36 close to the charcoal 35
However, the nitrogen-containing compound contained in the microbial membrane 52 in a concentrated state is more effectively decomposed. That is, it is more likely that the charcoal 35 and the entrapping fixed carrier 36 are allowed to pass through the water to be treated than the case where the charcoal 35 and the entrapping immobilization carrier 36 are separately passed through the water. The high-concentration nitrogen-containing compound enriched by the microorganisms carried on 35 can be decomposed by the entrapping immobilization carrier 36, and can be decomposed and removed with high efficiency.

Then, the water thus purified is sucked into the pumping pipe 31, moves through the pumping pipe 31, and is discharged into the treated water area 10. The recirculation of water purifies the treated water area 10.

In this case, the compressor 49 and the switching valve 4
8, connecting pipe 39, air ejection pipe 38 and pumping pipe body 31
Is an air lift pump that forcibly generates a water flow from the outside to the inside in the purification unit 33 by sucking the water to be treated purified by the purification unit 33 from the inside of the purification unit 33 and discharging the water to the treated water area 10. (Water passing means) 54 is constituted.

If the above-described purification process is continuously performed,
Sediment or the like accumulates in the gaps between the processing materials 32, resulting in a so-called clogged state, and normal purification performance cannot be obtained. When such a clogging state occurs, the controller 5
0 sets the compressor 49 to a driving state, and sets the switching valve 48 to a cleaning processing state in which the discharge side of the compressor 49 communicates with the connecting pipe 45 without communicating with the connecting pipe 39. Then, air is supplied from the compressor 49 to the connection pipe 45, and the air is blown out from an air outlet (not shown) of the cleaning nozzle 41 communicated with the connection pipe 45, and the lower plate portion 22 above the cleaning nozzle 41. Of the purifier 33, and moves upward through the entirety of the purifier 33. Due to the movement of the air, the surface of the processing material 32 comes into contact with the air, and soil and the like are separated from the surface of the processing material 32.
Further, the rise of the air in the purifying section 33 causes the purifying section 33
Inside, a flow of water mainly from the lower plate portion 22 to the upper plate portion 23 is generated, and due to this flow, sediment and the like deposited in the purification unit 33 are discharged from the purification unit 33 to the outside. Thus, the purifying unit 33 is cleaned.

In this case, the compressor 49 and the switching valve 4
8, the connecting pipe 45 and the cleaning nozzle 41 constitute a cleaning device 55 for cleaning the purifying section 33.

Here, since the processing material 32 is contained in the container 25 in such an amount that a gap is formed in the upper portion, the processing material 32 is caused to flow in the container 25 by the water flow at the time of the washing. As a result, soil and the like are efficiently discharged from the purification unit 33 to the outside. And the cleaning nozzle 41
When the cleaning process is terminated by stopping the air ejection from the
The processing material 32 sinks due to its own weight, and is deposited on the lower plate portion 22. At this time, the charcoal 3 constituting the processing material 32
Since the sedimentation velocities in the water 5 and the entrapping fixed carrier 36 are equalized in the respective waters, the sedimentation is uniform, and the sedimentation is uniformly distributed in the container body 25 without being locally localized. . Therefore, all charcoal 35
Therefore, the nitrogen-containing compound concentrated in the microbial membrane 52 can always be stably decomposed and purified. That is, if the sedimentation speeds of the charcoal 35 and the entrapping fixed carrier 36 are different, the higher sedimentation speed will be concentrated and deposited at the lower part of the container 25, and the charcoal 35 and the entrapping fixed carrier 36 will be separated. And the nitrogen-containing compound concentrated in the microbial membrane 52 as described above cannot be efficiently removed.
In some cases, the gel-like entrapping and immobilizing carrier may block the flow path, but by making the sedimentation speeds equal, it is possible to prevent such a problem from occurring.

[0030]

As described in detail above, claim 1 of the present invention
According to the water purification apparatus described above, a carbonaceous carrier made of a carbonaceous material and an entrapping immobilization carrier encapsulating and fixing denitrifying bacteria in a polymer material are mixed as a treatment material contained in a water-permeable container. Therefore, organic substances are decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms supported on the carbonaceous carrier, and nitrogen-containing compounds that cannot be decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms are decomposed by the denitrifying bacteria in the entrapping fixed carrier. Therefore, the nitrogen-containing compound can be reliably decomposed and purified. Moreover, nitrogen-containing compounds that cannot be completely decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms are discharged from the aerobic microorganisms and, as a result, are contained in a state concentrated in the microbial membrane formed on the surface of the carbonaceous carrier. Since the carbonaceous carrier and the entrapping immobilization carrier are mixed as described above, the entrapping immobilization carrier close to the carbonaceous carrier degrades the high-concentration nitrogen-containing compound contained in the microorganism membrane in a concentrated state. Become. Therefore, the entrapping immobilization carrier can decompose and remove the high-concentration nitrogen-containing compound concentrated by the microorganisms carried on the carbonaceous carrier with high efficiency.

According to the water purification apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, since the sedimentation speeds of the carbonaceous carrier and the entrapping fixed carrier in the respective waters are substantially equal, the purification treatment is continuously performed. For example, when cleaning is performed by flowing a treatment material by introducing a water flow or an air flow into the container body to eliminate clogging caused by the
The carbonaceous carrier and the entrapping fixed carrier that settle after washing are settled evenly, and are uniformly mixed in the container without being locally localized. Therefore, since the entrapping immobilization carrier can always be brought close to the carbonaceous carrier, the nitrogen-containing compound contained in the biofilm of the carbonaceous carrier in a concentrated state can always be decomposed and purified stably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional side view showing a water purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a treatment material of the water purification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a treatment material of the water purification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a driving device and the like of the water purification device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 treated water area 11 water purification device 25 container body 35 charcoal (carbonaceous carrier) 36 inclusive fixed carrier 54 air lift pump (water passing means)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A container body that allows water to pass therethrough, a treatment material that is contained in the container body and purifies the water to be treated by microorganisms carried thereon, and a water passage unit that allows the water to pass through the container body Wherein the treatment material is a mixture of a carbonaceous carrier made of a carbonaceous material and an entrapping immobilization carrier entrapping and immobilizing denitrifying bacteria in a polymer material without uneven distribution. A water purification device characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The water purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carbonaceous carrier and the entrapping fixed carrier have substantially the same sedimentation speed in water.