JP2002070214A - Wall face structure of building and its constructing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall face structure of buildings and its constructing method capable of maintaining excellent quality of it, by promoting drying of aerated concrete plates and by effectively radiating moisture from the concrete plates after construction of the structure. SOLUTION: The wall face structure is a structure forming exterior walls of a building. The structure has aerated concrete plates 30 to be arranged on the exterior face, heat insulating layers 20 to be arranged behind the plates 30, and an air gap (h) between the plates 30 and the insulating layers 20 that can ventilate vertically and horizontally along the wall face.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building and a wall construction method, and more particularly, to a wall structure in which an exterior surface is formed of a cellular concrete plate and is used for a wall construction of a house. It is intended for a method of constructing a simple wall structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A cellular concrete plate is used as an outer wall material of an industrialized house. Aerated concrete boards are also commonly referred to as ALC boards. By adding a foaming agent to a slurry consisting of cement, aggregate and water and expanding the foam, it is formed into a plate shape, heated and cured by steam in an autoclave, which contains a large amount of air bubbles inside and is lightweight and sufficient A cellular concrete plate having excellent strength and weather resistance can be obtained. Finishing the outer wall with a cellular concrete plate is preferable as an outer wall of a building such as a house because it has high construction efficiency, good workability, excellent durability, and good appearance.

[0003] When a cellular concrete plate is used, there is a problem that it is difficult to sufficiently dry a cellular concrete plate containing a large amount of water during production. As can be seen from the method for producing the cellular concrete plate described above, the cellular concrete plate produced through the autoclave treatment is:
Immediately after production, it contains a large amount of water. Usually, the water content reaches as much as 30-40%. In order to exhibit sufficient properties as an aerated concrete plate, it is necessary to dry it until the water content becomes about 8%. If the cellular concrete board is dried for a sufficient time and then used for wall construction, the entire construction time is lengthened and the cost is increased. Although it is sometimes expected that a cellular concrete plate having a high water content will dry naturally during handling such as transportation or storage, it has been difficult to achieve a sufficiently dry state.

[0004] Therefore, it has been proposed that, when a cellular concrete plate is used for wall surface construction, a gap is provided between the cellular concrete plate and a heat insulating material layer behind to allow ventilation. The ventilation space formed on the back of the cellular concrete plate is set so that air flows vertically from the lower end to the upper end of the wall surface. By doing so, the air naturally flows through, and the moisture released from the back surface of the cellular concrete plate can be carried out together with the flow of the air to the outside. With such a structure, active release of moisture is also performed from the back side of the cellular concrete plate, and the cellular concrete plate is quickly dried.

[0005]

However, even if there is a gap between the cellular concrete plate and the member on the back side,
In the state of application to the wall surface, ventilation on the back side of the cellular concrete plate is hindered, and a part of the cellular concrete plate may not be sufficiently dried. For example, an opening frame for a window or an entrance may be attached to a wall surface of a building. Since the opening frame is provided so as to penetrate the front and back surfaces of the wall surface, the flow of the air flowing along the back surface of the cellular concrete plate is hindered at the place where the opening frame is attached.

[0006] Even if air flows vertically in the back side of the cellular concrete plate, the air does not flow above the opening frame due to the presence of the opening frame as described above. Even in the space below the opening frame, there is no escape of air, so natural convection does not occur, and the release of moisture by ventilation does not work. The object of the present invention is to make it possible to efficiently release moisture from the cellular concrete plate even after the cellular concrete plate manufactured in a high water content state is applied to the wall surface, and to perform the cellular concrete at the completion stage of the building. The purpose of the present invention is to make the board sufficiently dry so that the quality performance of the wall structure including the cellular concrete board can be sufficiently exhibited.

[0007]

A wall structure of a building according to the present invention is a wall structure constituting an outer wall of a building, and comprises a cellular concrete plate disposed on an exterior surface and a back surface of the cellular concrete plate. A heat insulating material layer disposed on the side, and a gap disposed between the cellular concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer and capable of ventilation in both vertical and horizontal directions of the wall surface. [Aerated concrete board] An aerated concrete board used for ordinary building construction is used. Products made of various materials and manufacturing processes are known as cellular concrete boards, and those cellular concrete boards can be selected and used according to the purpose and required performance. Generally, a product manufactured or marketed as an ALC plate can be used.

The thicker the cellular concrete plate, the better the strength and durability, but the weight and thickness of the composite panel increase. Depending on the structure of the building and the form of use of the composite panel, the thickness of the cellular concrete plate is 3.
It can be set in the range of 5 to 20 cm. Those having a range of 3.5 to 10 cm are used for general outer walls. The cellular concrete plate is installed on the wall surface with an interval between the heat insulating material layer. The greater the distance between the cellular concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer, the better the moisture is released from the cellular concrete plate, but the greater the thickness of the composite panel. Normally, the space between the foam concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer is 1-3 cm
Can be set in the range.

[0009] A plurality of cellular concrete plates are usually arranged on one wall surface. Specifically, rectangular cellular concrete boards are arranged in one direction or both in the vertical and horizontal directions, and are arranged on the exterior wall surface. The surface of the cellular concrete plate exposed on the exterior surface of the wall surface can be provided with a concavo-convex pattern or provided with a colored layer to improve the appearance design. [Heat insulation material layer] The same heat insulation material as that of a normal wall surface can be used. Specific examples include glass wool, rock wool, and synthetic resin foam.

The heat insulating material has a form such as a fiber form, a granular form, a plate form, and a block form, and any form can be used. The heat insulating material layer can be directly laminated on another member constituting the wall surface, or can be arranged in a space formed inside a frame constituting the skeleton of the wall surface. Thereby, the heat insulating material layer can be protected by the frame. In order to arrange the heat insulating material layer in the inner space of the frame, a heat insulating material layer processed in advance into a plate shape or the like may be fitted into the inner space of the frame, or a fibrous or granular heat insulating material may be placed in a bag or the like. In the housed state, it can be arranged in the inner space of the frame, or a fibrous or granular heat insulating material can be sprayed or filled together with the adhesive.

As the heat insulating material layer, a material obtained by laminating a plurality of heat insulating materials or a material obtained by mixing or compounding a plurality of heat insulating materials can be used. It is also possible to combine a plate-like heat insulating material layer with a fibrous or granular heat insulating material layer. When the amount of the heat insulating material layer is insufficient only by the inner space of the frame, the heat insulating material layer may be laminated outside the frame. [Frame] In a normal wall structure, a structure used as a basic structure can be adopted. It is possible to provide a support structure for bearing the overall rigidity and mechanical strength of the wall structure and for attaching various wall members and equipment to the wall surface.

The frame is made of a metal material such as steel or aluminum, and a frame structure can be formed by vertically and horizontally assembling molds, plates and bars manufactured by extrusion or press molding. It can also be constructed by assembling wood materials vertically and horizontally. The frame may constitute one entire wall surface, or a plurality of frame members may be combined to constitute the entire wall surface. A rectangular frame is generally used as such a unit-shaped frame, but a frame having a planar shape other than a rectangular shape may be used in accordance with the structure and usage of a building. In addition to flat ones, bent or curved ones can be used.

With respect to this frame, a heat insulating material layer can be arranged inside the frame, or an interior material layer or a cellular concrete plate can be attached and fixed to the surface of the frame. [Isolation connecting member] It has a function of connecting the cellular concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer and maintaining a predetermined gap.
The material and structure used are not particularly limited. As described above, when the heat insulating material layer is housed inside the frame,
The isolation connection is not directly connected to the insulation layer,
Indirectly connected to the heat insulating material layer via the frame.

As the isolation connecting material, a structural material in an ordinary building, such as a metal material or a wood material, can be used. In order to enhance the moisture releasing action of the cellular concrete board, it is better that the area where the isolation connecting member is in contact with the cellular concrete board is small. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the minimum necessary number of isolation connecting members as long as the connection between the cellular concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer or the frame can be supported. The isolation connecting member can be used as a mounting base member for mounting and fixing the cellular concrete plate. Specifically, the isolation connecting member may be formed of a material to which a screw or the like as a fixing means of the cellular concrete plate can be attached, and may be arranged at a position where the screw or the like is attached.

[0015] The mounting and fixing of the cellular concrete plate is usually carried out.
The four corners of the cellular concrete plate are fixed with screws. Therefore, the isolation connecting members may be arranged at positions corresponding to the four corners of the cellular concrete plate. When a plurality of cellular concrete boards are arranged on the wall surface, the isolation connecting members can be arranged in a strip along the vertical direction of the wall where the four corners of the cellular concrete are arranged. [Communication part] The isolation connection material shall have a communication part that allows the gap formed between the cellular concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer to communicate with the outer peripheral end face of the composite panel in both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the wall surface. Can be.

The arrangement of the communicating portion is not particularly limited as long as the communicating portion can be ventilated to the extent that the object of the present invention is achieved. By forming a through-hole or a through-groove in the isolation connecting member, a communicating portion can be formed. A part of the isolation connecting member may be interrupted, and the interrupted portion may be used as a communication portion. In the case of isolated connecting materials arranged in a strip along the vertical direction of the wall,
In the central area sandwiched by the isolation connection, a wide gap is formed to allow air to freely move in the direction along the isolation connection material, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the wall have a wide area in the center excluding the end face of the isolation connection material Thus, the gap becomes a communicating portion that communicates with the outside. If such a strip-shaped isolation | separation connection material is interrupted in the middle of a length direction, the communication part of the direction which traverses an isolation | separation connection material can be provided.

[Equipment mounting part] An equipment mounting part for mounting various types of equipment on a building may be provided on a wall surface. As a specific example of the equipment mounting portion, for example, there is an opening frame for attaching a door or a window. There are mounting frames for mounting ventilation fans and air conditioning equipment, mounting structures for piping and ducts, and supporting structures for supporting heavy objects. The equipment mounting portion is provided at one or a plurality of locations on one wall surface. These equipment mounting parts block or divide the gap between the cellular concrete and the insulation layer,
It impedes the flow of air and slows down or leaves the cellular concrete boards dry.

The present invention is effective for a wall structure having such a facility mounting portion. If the communicating portion of the isolation connecting member allows the gap to communicate in both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the wall surface, the presence of the equipment mounting portion blocks the flow of air in one horizontal or vertical direction. However, air flows freely in the remaining directions. Irrespective of the presence of the equipment mounting portion, sufficient ventilation can be achieved on the entire surface of the cellular concrete plate. The gaps divided by the equipment mounting section may have all the divided gaps provided with horizontal and vertical communication sections, or only horizontal or vertical communication sections in any one direction. May have. However, it is desirable to provide a communication part that can ventilate to the outside in all divided voids. If the area of the divided gap is small, practical problems do not occur even if there is no communication part that can ventilate to the outside. Therefore, at least a main portion of the gap excluding the equipment mounting portion is provided with a communication portion that can ventilate with the external space in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

In some places in the wall structure,
Even if the natural air flow in the vertical direction is impeded by the presence of the equipment mounting part, air flows from the location where the air flow was obstructed to the gap in the adjacent wall through the horizontal communication part. Or, conversely, air can flow in from a gap in an adjacent part through a horizontal communicating part. As a result, even if there is a facility mounting part that hinders the flow of air, the air gap can be maintained in a good ventilation state on the entire back surface of the cellular concrete plate, and the cellular concrete plate can be quickly dried. it can. [Interior Material Layer] As the wall surface structure, various material layers for constituting the outer wall may be combined in addition to the cellular concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer. In particular,
Examples include a soundproofing material layer and a moistureproofing material layer, and a base material layer and a finishing material layer on the indoor side. Since all of these layers are arranged on the indoor side of the heat insulating material layer, they are collectively referred to as an interior material layer. As the material of the interior material layer, a normal building material can be used.

[Wall Wall Construction Method] As a wall construction method of the present invention, a method including the following steps can be adopted. The step (a) of providing a wall including the cellular concrete plate, a heat insulating material layer, and a gap, wherein the gap communicates with an external space of a building.
. And (b) discharging the water released from the cellular concrete plate from the gap to the external space of the building.
A step (c) of interrupting communication with the external space of the building at least on the lower end side of the wall surface in the gap.

The construction of an aerated concrete plate, a heat insulating material layer, or the construction of an isolating connecting member constituting a void or a frame supporting each member is performed in the same manner as a normal wall construction.
Normally, a frame is attached to a frame structure made of steel frame or concrete, and the members constituting the wall are sequentially attached to the frame, or an aerated concrete plate is attached to the frame or a heat insulating material layer through an isolation connecting material. Or attach. For joining the members, ordinary joining means such as nails, bolts, drill screws, adhesives and the like can be appropriately combined. In the state where the wall surface is constructed, a void is formed on the back surface of the cellular concrete plate constructed on the exterior surface. The gap is communicated with the exterior space of the building. As a result, the moisture released from the back of the cellular concrete plate into the gap is discharged to the external space of the building.

When the wall forms the floor from the floor to the ceiling of the building, a gap is provided between the lower end of the wall and the floor structure to communicate with the outside, or the upper end of the wall and the ceiling structure or It is sufficient to provide a gap communicating with the roof structure to the outside. Such a gap may be a structure that becomes a ventilation path in a completed building, or may be a structure that is closed after the building is completed. In the construction work of the building, after the construction of the wall surface is performed, the construction of the floor, the ceiling, the roof, and the like, and the construction of the indoor part are performed. If the gaps are communicated with the external space at the upper and lower ends of the wall during the construction work, the gaps on the back of the cellular concrete plate can be maintained in a good ventilation state, and the water released from the cellular concrete plate can be efficiently used. It can be transported to the outside to accelerate the drying of the cellular concrete plate.

After the release or drying of water from the cellular concrete plate has progressed to a certain extent, the communication between the gap and the external space of the building is cut off at least at the lower end side of the wall surface, so that the construction after the construction is completed. Excessive ventilation in the wall surface can be suppressed. If there is excessive ventilation in the wall after the construction of the building, the heat insulation of the wall is impaired, and the efficiency of cooling and heating is reduced. By blocking the communication between the void and the external space, the excessive ventilation as described above can be suppressed. In order to cut off the communication between the gap and the external space, it is possible to cut off the communication on both the upper and lower outer peripheral end faces. Can be suppressed. this is,
In the gap on the wall, ventilation due to natural convection flowing from the floor side of the building to the ceiling side is sent, so if communication with the external space is cut off at the lower end where new air flows into the gap, The flow of new air is cut off and the ventilation is suppressed.

If the communication is not interrupted at the upper end of the wall,
Moisture gradually released from the cellular concrete plate to the voids for a long time after construction of the building can be released to the outside from the upper end of the wall structure. In this case, the air containing moisture in the gap rises due to natural convection,
It is released to the outside from the top of the wall. Moisture entering the interior material layer and the heat insulating material layer of the wall surface from the indoor space of the building can also be released to the outside together with the moisture released from the cellular concrete plate by being released into the void. as a result,
The wall structure of the building does not contain excessive moisture and can be kept in a good dry state.

As a method of blocking the communication between the gap in the wall surface and the external space, a method of closing a communication portion between the gap and the external space with a sheet material or a plate material can be adopted. An openable / closable lid may be provided at the end of the gap. A mechanism or a structural member for closing a ventilation space other than the wall surface connecting the wall surface and the external space may be provided while the communication portion provided on the end surface of the wall surface is kept open. [Basic parting material] Basic parting material that has a blocking piece between the lower end of the wall surface and the external space of the building, as a means to block communication between the gap and the outer space at the lower end portion of the wall surface Can be adopted.

The base parting material is a building member that is also used in a normal building structure. The base parting material covers a connecting portion between a wall surface and a floor base structure, improves appearance in appearance, and prevents rain from outside. It has a function of preventing intrusion of foreign substances and the like. The base parting material may be provided with a vent for venting between the external space and the underfloor space. As the base parting material, a metal thin plate formed by press molding, a synthetic resin molded product, a ceramic product, or the like is used. In ordinary building construction, the basic parting material is installed at the final stage when structures such as floors and walls are constructed.

The basic parting member is provided with a blocking piece for blocking communication between the space at the lower end of the wall surface and the external space.
If the basic parting material provided with this blocking piece is attached, the inflow of air from below into the gap on the wall surface is eliminated. As the basic parting member, a member provided with an opening / closing piece that can selectively set a blocking state and an open state can be used instead of the blocking piece. In this case, even after the construction of the building, the opening / closing piece is opened and air is sent into the gap in the wall surface to prevent the moisture in the wall from becoming excessive, and the wall can be cooled by ventilation.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 shows a case where a cellular concrete composite panel is used for wall construction of a building. [Basic Structure of Composite Panel] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the entire wall surface from the floor surface 70 to the ceiling surface 80 of the building is composed of one large rectangular cellular concrete composite panel P. ing. A plurality of such composite panels P are arranged in the horizontal direction to form the entire wall surface.

The cellular concrete composite panel P has a cellular concrete plate 30, a heat insulating material layer 20, and an interior material layer 50, which are exterior facing materials exposed on the outer wall, and has a wall structure extending from the exterior surface to the interior surface. It is composed integrally. As shown in FIG. 1, as the cellular concrete board 30, a commercially available plate material product also called an ALC board is used, and has a horizontally long rectangular shape, and a plurality of steps (FIG. 1) are formed on the surface of a vertically long rectangular composite panel P. Are arranged in four rows). However, depending on the structure of the composite panel P, there may be a case where a rectangular cellular concrete plate 30 is vertically arranged and used, or a square or other irregular cellular concrete plate 30 is used.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the heat insulating material layer 20
It is made of rock wool and is arranged on the back side of the cellular concrete plate 30. The heat insulating material layer 20 is filled in the inner space of the frame 24 surrounding the outer periphery of the composite panel P. The frame body 24 is made of a metal material such as a C-type steel material, and the composite panel P
It is also arranged at a position surrounding the outer circumference and a position crossing the middle, and is assembled in a frame shape by welding or bolting. The entire rigidity and strength of the composite panel P can be borne by the frame 24. Although not shown, the frame body 24 may be provided with bolt holes and other connection structures for connecting the composite panels P to each other and for attaching the composite panel P to a wall drive or a pillar.

The isolation connecting member 40 is made of a wood material, and is disposed between the cellular concrete plate 30 and the heat insulating material layer 20 and the frame 24.
To form a gap h having a certain width. The width of the gap h can be adjusted by the thickness of the isolation connecting member 40. The isolation connecting member 40 is fixed to the frame body 24 of the heat insulating material layer 20 by means such as screwing or bonding. Isolation connecting material 40
The cellular concrete plate 30 is disposed on the surface side of the cellular concrete plate, and a drill screw 32 is screwed from the surface side of the cellular concrete plate 30 to attach and fix the cellular concrete plate 30 to the isolation connecting member 40 and the frame 24 thereunder.

As shown in FIG. 1, the isolation connecting members 40 are basically arranged in a vertical band along the left and right sides of the composite panel P. However, in the portion of the isolation connecting member 40 other than the portion where the drill screw 32 is screwed, such as the fixing position of the cellular concrete plate 30, the isolation connecting member 40 is partially cut away, and the isolation connecting member 40 is not present. The horizontal communication portion 42 is not provided. Horizontal communication part 42
Has the gap h and the external space communicated in the horizontal direction on both sides of the composite panel P. In the upper and lower sides of the composite panel P, only the ends of the isolation connecting members 40 are disposed at both ends, and the spaces between the isolation connecting members 40 are all open, and the gap h and the external space communicate with each other over substantially the entire length. Thus, a vertical communication portion 43 is formed.

[Arrangement Pattern of Communication Portion] The arrangement pattern of the horizontal communication portions 42 on both sides of the composite panel P depends on the arrangement structure of the cellular concrete plate 30 attached and fixed by the isolation connecting member 40 and a part of the composite panel P. It is determined by the arrangement structure of the installed equipment mounting section. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the composite panel P has a window frame 6 as an equipment mounting portion.
0 is attached, and there is a simple plate without the window frame 60. For example, in the case of a simple plate-shaped composite panel P arranged in the part A of FIG. They are arranged in a divided state. The middle of each isolation connecting member 40 is a communication portion 42.

The composite panel P arranged in the sections B and C in FIG. 1 has a window frame 60 as a facility mounting section. The window frame 60 is attached so as to penetrate from the front surface to the back surface of the composite panel P. The gap h provided between the cellular concrete plate 30 and the heat insulating material layer 20 is vertically divided at the window frame 60. In the composite panel P arranged in the portion B of FIG. 1, the window frame 6 is slightly elevated from the center of the composite panel P.
0 is arranged. The width of the window frame 60 is the composite panel P
A little shorter than the width of In this case, in the portion of the window frame 60, the shape of the cellular concrete plate 30 is also adjusted according to the outer shape of the window frame 60. The isolation connecting member 40 is provided at a mounting position of the drill screw 32 for mounting and fixing the cellular concrete plate 30 whose size is adjusted, and the other portion is a horizontal communication portion 42 where the isolation connecting member 40 does not exist. Horizontal communication portions 42 having a narrow width are provided on both sides of the window frame 60. A vertical communication part 4 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the composite panel P.
3 are provided.

In the composite panel P arranged in the portion C in FIG. 1, the window frame 60 occupies a position from the position near the upper end of the composite panel P to the lower part through the center. The width of the window frame 60 occupies the entire width of the composite panel P. Also in this case, the isolation link 4
In the same manner as described above, 0 is provided at a mounting position of a drill screw 32 for mounting and fixing the cellular concrete plate 30, and the other portion is a communication portion 42. In particular, the window frame 60
Above, the isolation connecting member 40 is continuously provided from the upper end of the window frame 60 to the upper end of the composite panel P, and the horizontal communication portion 42 does not exist in this portion. [Interior Material Layer] As shown in FIGS.
It is composed of a particle board 52, a foam styrene 54, and a moisture-proof gypsum board 56. The particle board 52 is screwed to the frame 24, and is effective for improving the horizontal strength during an earthquake. The foam styrene 54 functions as a heat insulating material and is disposed so as to cover the frame 24, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the thermal bridge portion composed of the metal portion of the frame 24 and other portions. This is effective for so-called heat bridge countermeasures. The moisture-proof gypsum board 56 performs functions of moisture-proof, fire-proof, and sound-insulation. The foam styrene 54 and the moisture-proof gypsum board 56 are laminated and integrated in advance.

[Manufacture of Composite Panel P] The composite panel P having the above-described structure is not manufactured at the building construction site, but is brought into the building site in advance and manufactured at a factory or the like. be able to. AL which becomes the cellular concrete board 30 in the manufacturing process in the manufacturing factory
The C-plate is formed by pouring a slurry obtained by adding a foaming agent to a concrete material containing cement, aggregate, or water, into a molding die, and foaming the slurry. An autoclave treatment is performed in which the foamed material is heated together with the steam. The concrete material hardens, and the cellular concrete board 30 is obtained. As can be seen from the description of the above steps, the cellular concrete plate 30 immediately after production contains a large amount of water, and this water is released to the outside over time, so that the cellular concrete plate 30 dries.

The production of the composite panel P is performed before the cellular concrete plate 30 is completely dried, that is, in a state where it contains moisture. Specifically, work processes such as press forming and welding assembly of the frame 10, filling of the heat insulating material layer 20, and attachment of the isolation connecting material 40 are sequentially performed, and the cellular concrete plate 30 is attached to the surface of the isolation connecting material 40. . The attachment of the cellular concrete plate 30 is performed using a drill screw, an adhesive or the like. When all the layers constituting the composite panel P are integrated, the production of the composite panel P is completed.

The completed composite panel P can be immediately brought to a building construction site and used for construction, but can be stored until the cellular concrete plate 30 is sufficiently dried. If the composite panel P is left as it is, moisture is released not only from the surface and the side surface of the cellular concrete plate 30 but also from the back surface of the cellular concrete plate 30, and the cellular concrete plate 30 dries. The water released from the back of the cellular concrete plate 30 into the gap h inside the isolation connecting member 40 is released outside through the communicating portions 42 and 43 of the isolation connecting member 40, so that the moisture released from the rear surface of the cellular concrete plate 30. The release will also be efficient. Since the ventilation of the gap h is performed in both the horizontal and vertical directions of the composite panel P, the moisture is released very efficiently.

At this time, the frame 24 and the heat insulating material layer 20
Is separated from the cellular concrete plate 30 via the isolation connecting member 40, so that the moisture released from the cellular concrete plate 30 can prevent the performance and function of the frame 24 and the heat insulating material layer 20 from being impaired. Specifically, the problem that the heat insulating material layer 20 contains moisture and the heat insulating property is reduced hardly occurs. Since the cellular concrete plate 30 can be brought to a building site and used for construction before the drying is completed, the drying does not have to be completely performed during the transportation and storage.

[Construction of Composite Panel P] As shown in FIG. 1, by sequentially arranging and connecting the composite panels P, the wall surface of the building is constructed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an aerated concrete plate 30 is provided on the exterior surface of the building that is exposed outdoors.
Is arranged. Although detailed description is omitted, the composite panel P
The same work steps as those for ordinary wall surface construction can be performed, such as a work of connecting each other, a process of filling a joint of the composite panel P, and a water sealing process. As shown in FIG. 3, the wall surface composed of the composite panel P is constructed on the upper part of the floor foundation 90, and the floor surface 70 is constructed below the wall surface. A ceiling surface 80 is constructed above the wall surface, and an eaves portion 100 and a roof portion 110 are constructed.

During and after the laying of the composite panel P, the drying of the cellular concrete plate 30 proceeds. FIG.
As shown in the figure, on the back surface of the cellular concrete plate 30, the communicating portion 42 of the isolation connecting member 40 is in communication with the communicating portion 42 of the separating connecting member 40 of the adjacent composite panel P. In this state, the gaps h of the plurality of composite panels P communicate with each other in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the communication portions 42 of the isolation connection frame 40 are formed at the upper and lower outer peripheral end surfaces of the laid composite panel P and the like.
Can be communicated with the external space,
The water released from the rear surface of the composite panel P can be discharged from the upper end of the composite panel P to the external space through the space between the isolation connection frames 40.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower end of the composite panel P is installed on the upper part of the floor foundation 90 with the gap h open to the outdoors. The upper end of the composite panel P is located at the eaves space 102 between the roof 110 and the eaves 100.
It is open to. The eaves space 102 communicates with an attic space 112 between the ceiling surface 80 and the roof 110. Although not shown, the attic space 112 communicates with an external space via a ventilation port or the like. The eaves space 102 is the eaves part 1
00 communicates with the external space via a vent hole 104 that opens at the root. [Ventilation Between Composite Panels] As shown in FIG. 2, between the composite panels P adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, air flows between the gaps h via the horizontal communication portions 42 provided on both sides. Will be

Even when the gap h is divided by the window frame 60, the ventilation is performed between the divided gap h and the gap h of the adjacent composite panel P, so that the divided gap h is added to the cellular concrete. The water released from the plate 30 can also be reliably discharged. For example, in the composite panel P of part B in FIG. 1, air flows into the gap h below the window frame 60 from the lower end of the gap h, and also from the left and right adjacent composite panels P via the horizontal communication portion 42. Air flows in. The air containing moisture released from the cellular concrete plate 30 rises in the gap h, but the upper part is closed by the window frame 60. However, under the window frame 60, the air containing moisture moves to the gap h of the adjacent composite panel P via the horizontal communication portion 42 communicating with the left and right composite panels P. Since the adjacent composite panel P does not have the window frame 60, the air naturally rises inside the gap h and is smoothly discharged from the upper end to the outside. On the left and right sides of the window frame 60, air flows from the adjacent composite panel P via the horizontal communication portion 42, and the air containing the moisture of the cellular concrete board 30 is returned to the adjacent composite panel P again.
To the gap h.

The composite panel P in the section C of FIG.
Below, fresh air flows into the gap h, removes moisture from the cellular concrete plate 30, flows into the gap h of the adjacent composite panel P, and finally, the composite panel P Moisture is released from the upper part of the space to the external space.
Above the window frame 60, there is no horizontal communication portion 42 on both sides of the composite panel P, so there is no active ventilation for the gap h. However, since the upper part of the gap h is open, the air containing moisture released from the cellular concrete plate 30 is discharged from the upper end of the composite panel P to the external space by natural diffusion or convection. If the area of the cellular concrete plate 30 facing the void h is small, moisture can be released even by such a gentle action.

[Ventilation Function after Construction] The void h and the communication portions 42 and 43 of the composite panel P can be used as ventilation spaces during use of the building. Since the gap h serves as a ventilation path, it is possible to prevent the heat insulating material layer 20 from absorbing moisture and lowering the heat insulating property. Overheating of the wall surface due to solar radiation or the like can be cooled by ventilation of the gap h. [Interruption of Ventilation] At the stage where the drying of the cellular concrete board 30 needs to be advanced, it is desirable that ventilation is performed as well as possible in the gap h on the back surface of the cellular concrete board 30. However, after the cellular concrete plate 30 has dried to some extent, or after the occupant has entered the building and started using it, ventilation in the void h is not so necessary, and a decrease in the heat insulation due to the ventilation may occur. It may remain as an adverse effect.

In such a case, it is effective to block the ventilation in the gap h. As shown in FIG. 4, between the lower end of the composite panel P and the floor base portion 90, a base parting material 92 produced by subjecting a metal plate to press working or the like is attached. The base parting material 92 has a function of covering the space between the lower end of the composite panel P and the base structure to improve appearance and prevent rain or the like from entering the inside of the building. A ventilation hole 94 penetrates a part of the basic parting material 92.
The ventilation hole 94 communicates with the underfloor space 72 via the floor base portion 90, and can perform ventilation to the underfloor space 72. The basic parting member 92 has a blocking piece 96 that contacts the lower end of the composite panel P and closes the gap h. By mounting the base parting material 92, the blocking piece 96 closes the gap h and blocks ventilation to the gap h. In this state, the building is completed.

After the completion of the building, the flow of air into the gap h is almost restricted. As a result, the heat insulation of the whole wall surface can be exhibited well. However, the moisture and moisture accumulated inside the gap h may be reduced due to natural convection.
Therefore, an effect of being released to the space under the eaves or the attic space through the communication portion 43 at the upper end of the gap h may occur. In addition, moisture that has entered the gap h from the indoor side through the interior material layer 50 and the heat insulating material layer 20 can be similarly discharged to the outside of the wall structure. In order to completely block air from flowing into and out of the gap h so that the gap h functions as a heat-insulating space, a blocking member for blocking the ventilation also at the upper end of the gap h may be attached.

[0048]

According to the wall structure of the present invention, since there is a gap between the cellular concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer, the moisture generated from the cellular concrete plate can be efficiently discharged to the external space through the void. Can be. In particular, by allowing the gap to communicate in both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the wall surface, even if the gap is divided at the equipment mounting portion such as a window frame,
Ventilation is performed between the divided gap and the gap in the adjacent wall portion through the horizontal communication portion, and finally, ventilation to the external space can be achieved. As a result, even in the divided gap portions, the moisture released from the cellular concrete plate can be efficiently carried out to the external space, the drying of the cellular concrete plate can be promoted, and the void can be maintained in a dry state.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a wall structure showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of a wall structure.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a wall structure in a construction stage.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view after completion of construction of the wall structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 20 heat insulating material layer 24 frame body 30 cellular concrete plate 40 isolation connecting material 42 communication part 50 interior material layer P composite panel

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04F 13/14 102 E04C 2/46 J F term (Reference) 2E001 DB02 DD01 FA04 FA17 FA19 GA07 GA42 GA44 HA07 HA32 KA01 NA07 NC02 ND06 ND21 ND25 2E002 EA01 EA08 EB12 EC02 FA02 FB02 FB05 FB07 FB10 FB16 FB24 GA01 MA27 MA32 2E110 AA09 AB04 AB22 CC04 GA33W GB23W 2E162 BA02 BB03 CA13 CA17 CA35 CC05 CD03

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A wall structure constituting an outer wall of a building, comprising: a cellular concrete plate disposed on an exterior surface; a heat insulating material layer disposed on a back side of the cellular concrete plate; Placed between the insulation layer,
A wall structure including a gap that can be ventilated in both the vertical and horizontal directions of the wall. 2. The gap is provided by arranging an isolation connection between the cellular concrete plate and the heat insulating material layer, wherein the isolation connection has a communication portion communicating in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. The wall structure according to claim 1. 3. The cellular concrete composite panel according to claim 1, further comprising an equipment mounting part which is mounted on a wall surface by dividing said gap. 4. The method for constructing a wall structure according to claim 1, further comprising the cellular concrete plate, a heat insulating material layer, and a gap, wherein the gap communicates with an external space of a building. A step (a) of constructing a wall surface, and a step (b) of discharging moisture released from the cellular concrete plate to the external space of the building from the gap, and at least a lower end side of the wall surface in the gap. (C) interrupting communication with the external space of the building. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (c), a base parting material having a blocking piece for closing a lower end of the gap is attached to a lower end side of the wall surface.