JP2001121118A - Garbage disposer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple and efficient garbage disposer for fermenting garbage and the pruned waste of garden plants, etc., turning them to compost and reducing volume. SOLUTION: This garbage disposer 10 is provided with an almost box-shaped disposal tank 12 provided with two parallel screws 14 (16) on a bottom part, the disposal tank is provided with a feeding port 18 positioned above the rear part of the screw, a discharge port 20 facing the tip of the screw and a plate 22 positioned above the tip part of the screw and inclined forward to the rear side of the screw and the two screws are rotated inwards oppositely to each other. Then, the screw provided with a helical screw blade 24 (25) on the tip part and provided with a single leaf type pulverizing, agitating and carrying blade 26 (27) on the rear part is used. Also, the forward inclination angle (θ) of the plate 22 is freely adjustable, the rotating direction of the screw is variable to the left and right and a fresh air blow-off port 30 whose blow-off angle is freely adjustable is arranged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a household or commercial garbage disposer for fermenting garbage from kitchens or the like and pruning debris from plant trees to reduce the volume or convert it to compost.

[0002]

In recent years, air pollution caused by the incineration of garbage has become a major problem, and it has become impossible to secure a place to bury garbage.
The importance of recycling and reducing the volume of garbage to reduce the amount of garbage to be discarded has been increasingly recognized. Garbage such as kitchen garbage and pruning debris of plant trees are organic substances, and in the natural environment, rot and are decomposed into water, carbon dioxide, and the like, and disappear. Artificially accelerate this natural activity,
If garbage can be reduced in volume or re-used as compost, it is the best way to conserve the natural environment.

[0003] Conventionally, various garbage disposal machines for fermenting garbage to obtain compost have been developed or marketed. For example, a garbage fermentation treatment device proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-301791 will be described with reference to FIG. That is, in the fermentation treatment apparatus 50, the garbage supplied to the rear end of the treatment tank 58 from the input port 52 provided on the front wall is supplied to the stirring propulsion blade 5 fixed to the hollow drive shaft 54.
While being stirred by 6, it is carried to the inside of the processing tank 58.
The garbage conveyed to the back of the processing tank 58 is stirred by the stirring blades 60 provided radially from the rotary drive shaft 62 and having no propulsion ability, fermented, heated, reduced in moisture, and composted. . Then, the composted garbage moves to the product room 66 through the small holes provided in the partition plate 64 and continues fermentation while being stirred by the stirring blades 60 in the product room 66. The garbage in the product room 66 is discharged from the outlet 68 under the pressure of the stirring blade 60 and the like, and a part of the garbage is transferred near the inlet 52 by the screw conveyor 70 and supplied from the inlet 52. Mix with watery garbage. Since the garbage mixed with the garbage having a low water content and a high temperature from the product room 66 is reduced, the water content of the garbage is lowered, the temperature is raised, and the garbage is improved to a state suitable for fermentation.

According to the fermentation treatment apparatus 50 of the present embodiment, a part of the garbage that has undergone fermentation is returned and mixed with the garbage immediately after being introduced, so that it is possible to adjust the water content and the temperature suitable for fermentation. The effect of composting garbage in a short time can be expected. However, since no special consideration is given to the crushing function, there is a problem that it is difficult to use garbage, which is relatively large and difficult to crush, for example, pruning waste from planting trees. Further, since a mechanism for rotating the stirring propulsion blades 56 and the stirring blades 60 and a mechanism for rotating the screw conveyor 70 are required, the apparatus becomes complicated, and it is difficult to provide an inexpensive and small processing apparatus. there were.

The garbage processing apparatus shown in FIG. 12 has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-195058.
In the processing device 72, a crusher 76 is provided immediately below the garbage input port 74, and the garbage 80 is pulverized by the two rotary cutting blades 78 and then dropped into the processing tank 82,
The fermentation is promoted by stirring by a rotating stirring device 84. According to the processing device 72 of this example, the crusher 7
Since the garbage 6 is provided, even relatively large and hard garbage can be treated. However, the crusher 76 and the stirrer 8
4 has a problem that it is difficult to provide an inexpensive and small-sized processing apparatus.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present inventor has made it possible to reduce the size and cost with a simple mechanism and to cope with both small households and large businesses. As a result of intensive studies on the processing machine, the present invention was reached.

[0007]

The gist of the garbage disposer according to the present invention is to provide a garbage garbage comprising a substantially box-shaped treatment tank provided with two parallel screws at the bottom. In the processing machine, the processing tank has an input port located above the rear part of the screw, a discharge port facing the tip of the screw, and a front port located above the tip of the screw and inclined forward to the rear side of the screw. Plate, and 2
The two screws rotate inward in opposite directions.

Further, in such a garbage disposal machine, a helical screw blade is provided at the tip of each screw, and a single-leaf-type crushing / stirring / conveying blade is provided at the rear.

Further, in such a garbage disposal machine, the forward inclination angle of the plate is adjustable.

[0010] Furthermore, in such a garbage disposal machine, the rotation direction of the screw can be changed to the left and right.

Still further, in such a garbage processing machine, a fresh air outlet is provided at an upper portion of the processing tank, and the outlet angle thereof is adjustable.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a garbage disposer according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate an example of an embodiment of the present invention. The garbage processing machine 10 has two parallel
The screws 14 and 16 include a substantially box-shaped processing tank 12 provided at the bottom. Screw 14,
An inlet 18 is provided above the rear part (right side in FIG. 1) of the inlet 16.
Is provided, and can be opened and closed by the opening cap 36. A discharge port 20 is provided in a side wall 44 facing the tips of the screws 14 and 16, and can be opened and closed by a damper or the like (not shown). A plate 22 that inclines forward to the rear of the screws 14 and 16 projects from the side wall 44 above the tips of the screws 14 and 16. Two screws 14, 16
Are rotated inward in opposite directions by a driving device 28 via a gear 40. A helical screw blade 24 is provided at the tip of each of the screws 14 and 16, and a single-leaf type crushing / stirring / conveying blade 26, 27 is provided at a rear portion of each of the wings 24 with a 90 ° rotation around the screw shaft 15. It is provided staggered.

Further, a fresh air outlet 30 is provided above the side wall 46 on the side of the inlet 18, and the outlet angle adjusting plate 38 is processed so that the eaves cover the fresh air outlet 30. It protrudes into the tank 12.
On the other hand, the upper part of the side wall 44 on the side of the discharge port 20 is provided with the ventilation port 32.
Is provided, and the bottom of the processing tank 12 is covered with a heater 34 for keeping heat. The fresh air outlet 30 is connected to an outlet fan, a butterfly valve, and the like (not shown), serves as an oxygen supply for promoting the fermentation of garbage, and adjusts a supply amount and a supply time. The fresh air is sent into the processing tank 12. Also,
The ventilation port 32 is connected to a suction fan, a butterfly valve, or the like (not shown), and plays a role of exhausting the atmosphere in the processing tank 12 to make the water suitable for fermentation of garbage. Exhaust is performed after a deodorizing treatment or the like is performed by a standard method. The heat retention heater 34 is for maintaining a temperature suitable for fermentation, and functions to keep the temperature of the garbage heated by the fermentation so that it does not cool, or to heat the garbage when the temperature is low. Having.

As shown in FIG. 2, the two screws 14 and 16 have respective screw blades 24 and 25,
Alternatively, the crushing / stirring / conveying blades 26 and 27 are close to each other so as to intersect and rotate. That is, the screw blades 24 and the screw blades 25 are arranged out of phase so as to fill the grooves of each other. Crushing, stirring and conveying blades 26, 27
Will be described with reference to FIG. The crushing / stirring / conveying blades 26 and 27 are shifted by 90 ° around the screw shaft 15 so that 261, 262, 263, 264, 27
There are four types of crushing, stirring and conveying blades 1, 2, 272, 273, 274, which are located at different positions. In the state shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
72 and the next stage, screw 1
4 and the screw 15 are 90 ° inward in opposite directions to each other
In the rotated state, the crushing / stirring / conveying blades 262 intersect with the crushing / stirring / conveying blades 271. Similarly, the crushing / stirring / conveying blades 261, 274, and the crushing / stirring / conveying blades 264 are similarly used.
And the crushing / stirring / conveying blades 273 intersect every 90 °.

FIG. 4 shows the discharge port 20 as viewed from the inside of the processing tank 12. The discharge port 20 is provided facing the tips of the screws 14 and 15, and the lower side of the rectangle is smoothly connected to the bottom of the processing tank 12 so that the processed garbage is quickly pushed out by the screws 14 and 16. Is formed. The bottom of the processing tank 12
Behind the screws 14 and 16, they are substantially W-shaped and have a shape along the rotation trajectory of the crushing / stirring / conveying blades 26 and 27 and the screw blades 24 and 25.
Is gradually flattened as it approaches the tip, and becomes a flat bottom and is connected to the discharge port 20.

The plate 22 has a convection function of returning the garbage conveyed to the tip side by the screws 14 and 16 to the rear again. Garbage screw 1
It is carried by 4, 16 and is pressed against the side wall 44 to lose its place and is lifted up along the side wall 44. Then, the hand reaching the plate 22 leaning forward is blocked, and FIG.
As shown by arrows in the middle, the sheet is reversed and moved back along the plate 22.

According to the garbage processing machine 10 of this embodiment, garbage is processed as follows. First, the garbage is thrown into the processing tank 12 by opening the feeding lid 36. Normally, bacteria that assist fermentation are also added, but when there are sufficient bacteria remaining in the treatment tank 12, raw garbage alone may be used.
The treatment tank 12 is heated in advance by a heater 34 so that the garbage can be easily fermented. The put garbage falls on the rotating screws 14 and 16,
Since the rotation directions of the screws 14 and 16 are opposite to each other and are inward, the crushing and stirring transport blades 26 and the crushing and stirring transport blades 2
7 and crushed. The crushing force between the intersecting crushing agitation and conveyance wings, such as the crushing agitation and conveyance wings 272 and 272 in FIG. 1, is particularly strong. In addition, since the rotation directions of the screws 14 and 16 are opposite to each other and are inward, the garbage is removed from the screws 14 and 16.
Between the screws 1
It is sent stably in the direction of the tip on the top of 4, 16. The raw garbage is crushed, stirred, and fermented while being transported. Eventually, the garbage sent to the tips of the screws 14 and 16 hits the side wall 44, reverses and convects along the plate 22, and again the rear screws 14 and 16.
Fall on. In this way, when the convection is repeated and fermentation is sufficient and a satisfactory compost is obtained, or when a predetermined volume reduction degree is reached, the outlet 20 can be opened to take out the treated garbage. I just need. During this time, oxygen for activating bacteria is supplied with fresh air from the fresh air outlet 30 and exhausted from the vent 32,
Adjust the moisture in the garbage to an amount suitable for fermentation.

Therefore, according to the garbage disposer 10 of the present invention, the relatively large and hard garbage such as pruning debris is treated by improving the pulverizing function by combining the two screws 14 and 16. become able to. In addition, by providing the plate 22, the garbage is constantly convected, and uniform and sufficient fermentation can be performed. Further, since only two parallel screws 14 and 16 are driven, the operation is simple, and the size and cost of the apparatus can be reduced.

In the present invention, spiral screw blades 24 are provided at the tips of the screws 14 and 16.
In order to strongly push garbage against the side wall 44 and turn it upward to convect the plate 22, the screw blade 2
4, 25 are effective, and at least the screw shaft 15
It is preferable to provide the screw blades 24 and 25 that make only two turns. On the other hand, behind the screws 14, 16, single-leaf crushing / stirring / conveying blades 26, 2 having excellent crushing function
7 is particularly preferable, and the garbage disposer 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 is one example thereof. However, in the case of a garbage disposal machine that targets relatively small and soft garbage, the screw blades with screw blades that are equipped with screw blades over the entire length of the screw or that are partially missing to improve the stirring function are attached to the rear part. May be provided. The ratio of the screw blades is appropriately selected and designed according to the application.

In the garbage disposer illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, the crushing, stirring and conveying blades 26 and 27 are substantially strip-shaped as shown in FIG. 5 (a). The pulverizing, stirring and conveying blades are formed into various shapes depending on the application. For example, the crushing / stirring / conveying blades 26 shown in FIG. 5 (b) are spread in a fan shape to enhance the conveying function. Further, in the crushing / stirring / conveying blade 26 shown in FIG. 5 (c), a portion close to the screw shaft 15 is expanded to increase the strength. In addition, the edge may be made thicker to withstand the impact at the time of crushing, or conversely, the edge may be made thinner like an edge to enhance the cutting function.

The arrangement of the crushing, stirring and conveying blades is shown in FIG.
However, as shown in FIG. 6, the present invention is not limited to being shifted by 90 °. For example, they may be provided by being shifted by 120 ° as shown in FIG. 6 or by 180 ° as shown in FIG. In the arrangement shown in FIG.
The screw blade 443 and the screw blade 452 of the screw 45 are adjacent to each other and intersect with each other.
51, the screw blades 441 and the screw blades 453 are configured to intersect sequentially. Similarly, in the arrangement shown in FIG.
61 intersects with the screw blade 472 of the screw 47 and then rotates 180 °, the screw blade 46
2 and the screw blade 471 intersect.

In a particularly useful embodiment of the invention, the forward tilt angle of the plate 22 is adjustable. As shown in FIG. 8, by changing the forward inclination angle θ of the plate 22, it is possible to control the direction of the garbage returning from the tip of the screw 14 by convection (the direction of the arrow in the figure). Processing tank 1
When the amount of garbage in 2 is large or the garbage is low in viscosity, the forward inclination angle θ is increased, and when the amount of garbage is small or the garbage is highly viscous. Reduces the forward inclination angle θ so that convection can be performed smoothly. When the processed garbage is discharged from the discharge port 20, the convection is suppressed by setting the forward inclination angle θ to 0 °, so that the garbage can be discharged quickly in a short time.

The surface of the plate 22 has no irregularities so that the garbage can slide and move easily. The material is not particularly limited, but a metal having high strength and excellent durability is preferable, and a stainless steel plate having excellent durability even under high humidity is particularly preferably used. Also, the shape is not limited. For example, the flat plate 2 shown in FIG.
2 is a basic shape which is easy to manufacture. Alternatively, the plate 22 bent up and down shown in FIG. 9B has a feature of smoothly changing the convection angle of garbage.
The plate 22 bent left and right shown in FIG. 3C collects convection garbage in the center of the treatment tank 12 and the screw 1
There is a feature that the efficiency of pulverization, agitation, and conveyance by 4, 16 can be improved.

In another particularly useful embodiment of the present invention, 2
The rotation directions of the screws 14 and 16 can be changed left and right. As a result, garbage that cannot be crushed is
When it is caught between the screw 4 and the screw 16, it can be taken out by rotating in the reverse direction. Alternatively, depending on the nature of the garbage to be treated, the pulverizing / stirring efficiency can be further increased by operating the inward rotation and the outward rotation occasionally mixed.

In another particularly useful embodiment of the present invention, a fresh air outlet 30 having an adjustable outlet angle is provided at the upper part of the processing tank 12. The garbage processing machine 10 of the present invention is characterized in that the garbage being processed is returned to the back and convected by the plate 22.
The height and position of the garbage convection vary depending on the amount and viscosity of the garbage, the forward inclination angle θ of the plate 22, and the like. For this reason, it is preferable that the fresh air for supplying oxygen to the garbage be adjusted to an optimum position according to the convection state of the garbage and blown out. FIG. 10 shows an example in which the fresh air blowing angle adjusting plate 38 is used to adjust the blowing angle (the direction of the arrow in the figure) by changing the angle. The method of adjusting the fresh air blowing angle is not limited to this example, and the shape and mounting position of the fresh air blowing angle adjusting plate 38 may be changed, or a duct or fin may be used instead of the adjusting plate.

The garbage processing machine 10 illustrated in FIG.
Although the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and within the scope not departing from the gist, the shape of the processing tank, the shape and position of the inlet and the outlet, the screw, the screw blade The material and shape of the crushing / stirring / conveying blades, plates, etc., screw driving method, fresh air blowing method, ventilation air deodorizing method, exhaust method, etc. can be implemented in various modified, modified and modified embodiments. Things.

[0028]

According to the garbage disposer according to the present invention,
As the two screws rotate inwards in opposite directions, the garbage is collected between the screws, pinched and crushed. Therefore, relatively large and hard garbage such as pruning waste can be processed. In addition, the garbage is inverted backward by the plate provided above the screw tip, and constantly convections, so that uniform and sufficient fermentation is performed.

Further, according to the garbage disposer according to the present invention, since only two parallel screws are driven, it is simple and the apparatus can be reduced in size and cost can be reduced.

In particular, if the screw is provided with a screw blade at the tip and a single-leaf crushing / stirring / conveying blade at the rear, the crushing / stirring / conveying blade improves the crushing / stirring function. The pumping has the effect of ensuring the convection of the garbage.

Further, if a plate whose front inclination angle is adjustable is used, the front inclination angle can be selected according to the amount and softness of the garbage, and the convection state of the garbage can be optimally controlled. When discharging the processed garbage from the discharge port, the convection is suppressed by setting the forward inclination angle θ to 0 °, and the garbage can be discharged quickly in a short time.

Furthermore, if the rotation direction of the screw is variable to the left and right, the garbage that cannot be crushed is taken out by reversing the rotation, or depending on the nature of the garbage to be treated, the garbage can be rotated inward or outward. Occasionally, the efficiency of the pulverization / stirring can be further improved by mixing and operating.

Furthermore, if a fresh air outlet having an adjustable blowing angle is provided at the upper part of the processing tank, fresh air is blown to an optimum place according to the height and position of garbage convection and oxygen is removed. Can be fed to promote fermentation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view schematically showing an example of a garbage disposal machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an upper sectional view of the garbage disposal machine shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the garbage disposer shown in FIG. 2 taken along line BB according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the garbage processing machine shown in FIG. 2 according to the present invention.

5 is a top view showing an example of the shape of a crushing, stirring and conveying blade according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 5 (a) is a strip shape, FIG. 5 (a) is a divergent shape, and FIG. This is an example.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the arrangement of the crushing / stirring / conveying blade according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another arrangement example of the pulverizing, stirring and conveying blade according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged front sectional view showing the vicinity of a plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of a plate according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 9 (a) is a flat plate type, FIG. 9 (a) is a vertical bent type, and FIG. This is an example.

FIG. 10 is a front sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, the vicinity of a fresh air outlet according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory top view showing an example of a garbage processing machine according to a conventional example.

FIG. 12 is a side sectional view showing an example of a garbage processing machine according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10: Garbage disposal machine 12, 58, 82: Treatment tank 14, 16, 44, 45, 46, 47: Screw 15: Screw shaft 18, 52, 72: Input port 20: Discharge port 22: Plate 24, 25: Screw blades 26, 27, 44, 45, 46, 47: Pulverizing, stirring and conveying blades 28: Drive device 30: Fresh air outlet 32: Ventilation port 34: Heating heater 36: Inlet cover 38: Fresh air outlet angle adjusting plate 40 : Gear 42: Leg 44, 46: Side wall θ: Forward tilt angle 50: Fermenter 54: Hollow drive shaft 56: Stirrer blade 60: Stirrer blade 62: Rotating drive shaft 64: Partition plate 66: Product room 68: Discharge port 70: Screw conveyor 72: Processing device 76: Crusher 78: Cutting blade 80: Garbage 84: Stirrer

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3F040 AA04 BA01 DA01 DA07 DA13 EA01 4D004 AA03 AC01 BA04 CA04 CA19 CA48 CB13 CB28 CB32 CC02 4D065 CA12 CB03 CB07 CC08 DD11 DD16 DD22 EB11 EB17 EC07 ED20 4D011 CG08 DD03 DD03 GG13 GG14 GG16 GG43 GG68 GG69

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A garbage disposer comprising a substantially box-shaped processing tank provided with two parallel screws at the bottom thereof, wherein the processing tank has an upper part rearward of the screw. And a discharge port facing the tip of the screw, and a plate that is located above the tip of the screw and is inclined forward to the rear of the screw. A garbage disposer characterized in that the screws rotate inwards in opposite directions. 2. The garbage disposal machine according to claim 1, wherein a spiral screw blade is provided at a tip portion of each of the screws, and a single-leaf-type crushing / stirring / conveying blade is provided at a rear portion. . 3. The garbage disposal machine according to claim 1, wherein a forward inclination angle of the plate is adjustable. 4. The garbage disposer according to claim 1, wherein the rotation direction of the screw is variable left and right. 5. The garbage processing machine according to claim 1, wherein a fresh air outlet is provided at an upper portion of the processing tank, and an outlet angle thereof is adjustable.