JP2001146798A - Heat-insulating airtight structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat-insulating airtight structure and a composite heat-insulating material which are excellent in heat insulation, and construction wherewith can be executed efficiently. SOLUTION: Ends of heat-insulating materials 5 are arranged respectively at receiving parts 4a to 4d formed at axial parts 1, 2 and 3, and joining parts where each of the heat- insulating materials 5 and each of the receiving parts 4a to 4d of the axial parts 1, 2 and 3 are sealed up with airtight members 6a and 6b at least at one side out of the exterior side and the interior side. The receiving parts can be formed respectively of notched parts 4a to 4c formed respectively at the edges either at the upside or the downside of the horizontal axial parts or rails 21 joined either to the upside or the downside of the horizontal axial parts. The heat-insulating airtight structure can be applied to a wall structure, a floor structure or a ceiling structure. In the case of wall structure, an interior finishing material is arranged at the interior side of the heat-insulatring material 5 with a space being interposed while a facing material 7 is attached to the exterior side of the heat-insulating material 5 and an exterior finishing material 9 is arranged with an air layer 8 being interposed. The heat- insulating material is formed of a heat-insulating layer and a moistureproofing reflection layer laminated on the heat-insulating layer. Joints between each of plurality of adjoining heat-insulating materials are sealed up with the airtight members.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat-insulating hermetic structure useful for buildings such as houses, particularly houses having an insulating layer between shafts such as pillars, foundations, girders, rafters and joists, and composites therefor. Related to thermal insulation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Along with the necessity of energy saving, buildings such as houses are becoming highly insulated and airtight. In the heat insulation construction of a house, an inner heat insulation method in which a heat insulating material is filled between shafts such as pillars and rafters, and an outer heat insulation method in which a heat insulating material is continuously stretched on the outdoor side of the shaft are adopted. In addition, the thickness of the insulation used in these construction methods can be increased,
By using a heat insulating material having a higher heat insulating performance, high insulation of a house is being performed.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-3903 discloses a notch formed on the outdoor side of a shaft, and a first heat insulating material having an end disposed in the notch between the shafts. A second heat insulating material disposed outside the first heat insulating material and an outer surface of the shaft via an airtight sheet, and a seam tape for sealing a gap between the notch and the heat insulating material; A heat insulating wall structure including an interior material attached to the inner surface of the shaft via a space is disclosed. This document also discloses that the joint between the heat insulating materials is sealed with a joint tape. However, this structure requires two heat insulating materials and a sealing sheet, and thus is costly. Further, it is necessary to seal the gap between the receiving portion of the shaft portion and the heat insulating material and the seam between the heat insulating materials with a seam tape, and to cover the shaft portion and the outer surface of the first heat insulating material with a sealing sheet. Therefore, the structure is complicated, and it is difficult to improve workability.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating hermetic structure and a heat-insulating material capable of enhancing high heat-insulating hermeticity even with a simple structure.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating hermetic structure and a heat-insulating material which are excellent in heat insulation and workability.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, arranged a heat insulating material between the shaft portions in a specific form, and joined the heat insulating material to the shaft portion. It has been found that when the portion is sealed with an airtight member, the heat insulating airtightness can be greatly improved with a simple structure without impairing the workability, and the present invention has been completed.

In other words, the heat-insulating and airtight structure of the present invention comprises a receiving portion formed on a shaft (frame) formed by erecting a pillar or rafter, or a joist or a large-scale horizontal installation. A heat-insulating material whose end can be disposed in the portion, and an airtight member for sealing at least one of the joints on the outdoor side and the indoor side among the joints between the receiving portion of the shaft portion and the heat insulator. Have. The receiving portion has a notch formed in at least one side edge of an upper end surface, a lower end surface and a side surface of the horizontal shaft portion and a side surface of the vertical shaft portion, or an upper end surface of the horizontal member, a lower portion. It can be formed by a step portion or the like made of a square member joined to at least one of the end surface and the side surface, and at least one of the side surfaces of the standing member, and the receiving portion is generally concave in order to dispose while positioning the end portion of the heat insulating material. . The heat-insulated and airtight structure can be used as a structure such as a wall, a floor, and a ceiling.

[0008] The wall structure is usually provided between the shaft portions on the outdoor side, and is provided with a heat insulating material having a smaller thickness than the shaft portion, and is provided on the indoor side of the shaft portion or the heat insulating material via a space. And an exterior material disposed on the outside of the heat insulating material via an air layer. In the wall structure, the upper end surface and / or the lower end surface of the horizontal shaft portion, the receiving portion formed on the outdoor side of the side of the standing shaft portion, and the outer surface of the receiving portion is substantially equal to the outer surface of the shaft portion. And a heat insulating material arranged flush with
At least one of the joints between the receiving portion and the heat insulating material on the outdoor side and the indoor side may be sealed with an airtight member. A face material can be fixed to the outdoor side of the shaft portion so as to be in close contact with the heat insulating material.

[0009] The floor structure usually includes a receiving portion formed on the indoor side of the upper end surface or side surface of the horizontal shaft portion, and a heat insulating material whose end is supported by the receiving portion. At least one of the joints between the outside and the inside of the joint between the portion and the heat insulating material can be sealed with an airtight member. Further, the ceiling structure usually includes a receiving portion formed on the indoor side of the upper end surface or the side surface of the horizontal shaft portion, and a heat insulating material whose end is supported by the receiving portion. At least one of the joints between the outside and the inside of the joint between the heat insulating material and the heat insulating material can be sealed with an airtight member.

When a plurality of heat insulating materials are disposed adjacent to each other in the heat insulating and airtight structure, at least one of the seams (butting portions) of the adjacent heat insulating materials on the outdoor side and the indoor side is usually connected to each other. It can be sealed with an airtight member. further,
The shaft portion can be made of a desiccant, and the width of the receiving portion is one of the width of the shaft portion.
It may be 0% or less. The heat insulating material is composed of a foamed plastic heat insulating material and a face material laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulating material, and is exposed to air at a temperature of 70 ° C.
When exposed for a time, the dimensional shrinkage may be 0.2% or less.

[0011] The heat insulating material can be composed of, for example, a heat insulating layer and at least one layer laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulating layer and selected from a moisture-proof coating layer and a heat ray reflective layer. The heat insulating material applied to the heat insulating and airtight structure can be constituted by a heat insulating layer made of an extruded styrene resin, and a moisture-proof reflective layer laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulating layer. In this heat insulating material, a paper layer, a reflective layer, and a plastic layer may be sequentially laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulating layer. Further, a paper layer, an aluminum foil and a plastic layer are sequentially laminated on one surface of the heat insulating layer, and (i) a plastic layer, (ii) a paper layer, and (ii) on the other surface of the heat insulating layer.
i) A layer selected from a composite layer of a plastic layer and a paper layer on the front side may be laminated.

The term "shaft" in the specification means a building member having a frame structure of a building.
Studs, rafters, etc.), horizontal shafts (base, body difference, girder, joist,
Pulling, beams, etc.).

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings as necessary.

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a heat insulating and airtight structure of a house according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a wall portion and a floor portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. Schematic longitudinal sectional view of the part,
FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the ceiling portion of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heat insulating and airtight structure of a house is composed of a wall structure, a floor structure, a ceiling structure and the like. In the structure shown in FIG. 1, a base 1 is provided on a foundation B via a spacer S, and a pillar (not shown)
, A body gap 2 for dividing the first floor and the second floor and a girder 3 of the ceiling are provided respectively. Base 1, Body difference 2
And girder 3 each constitute a shaft of the house. A notch (reception part) 4 is formed at the outer side edge of the upper end surface of the base 1.
a, cutouts (reception portions) 4b and 4c at the upper and lower end surfaces of the body difference 2 at the outdoor side edges, and cutout portions (reception portions) 4d at the outdoor side edges of the lower end surface of the girder 3; Is formed. The width of these notches 4a to 4d substantially corresponds to the thickness of the heat insulating material 5, and the thickness of the heat insulating material 5 is smaller than the width of the shaft portions 1 to 3.

The cutouts 4a to 4d are respectively provided with ends of a heat insulating material 5, and the heat insulating material 5 has an outdoor side surface substantially upright with an outer surface of the base 1. Both ends of the heat insulating material 5 are provided with shafts (standing shafts such as pillars, etc.) which are erected at predetermined intervals between the shafts (the base 1, the body difference 2, and the girder 3). ) Is arranged and fitted in a receiving portion (notch portion) formed on a side portion of the horn. In such a structure, the heat insulating material 5 can be held at a predetermined position by the notches 4a to 4d, and there is little possibility that the heat insulating material will fall off even over a long period of time. In addition, it is unavoidable that a small gap is formed between the heat insulating material and the shaft portion in construction, but if the receiving portion is formed on the shaft portion and the heat insulating material is supported by this receiving portion, The path length of the air between the room and the outside can be increased, and the airtightness can be improved. Insulation material is
It can be arranged without hindering the attachment of a brace or the like reinforced by the frame.

In order to improve the airtightness, the shaft portions (base, body difference and spar) 1-3 notch portions (receiving portions)
Airtight members 6a and 6b such as adhesive tapes are adhered to joints (boundary regions) between the outside and the inside of the room between the heat insulating materials 4a to 4d, respectively, and seal gaps between the joints. ing. More specifically, on the outdoor side, the joint (boundary region) between the outer surfaces of the shaft portions 1 to 3 formed substantially flush with the outer surface (outdoor surface) of the heat insulating material 5 is provided. The airtight member 6a is attached to the shaft portion 1 on the indoor side.
The bent joint between the notch steps 3 to 3 and the heat insulating material 5 has the second
The airtight member 6b is stuck. By doing so, air cannot flow through a slight gap between the shaft portion and the heat insulating material, and the heat insulating property is improved. When the building has passed over time, the shafts such as the pillars tend to dry, the cross-sectional area shrinks, and the gap between the shafts and the heat insulating material tends to increase. Therefore, if the gap is laid with an airtight tape, good heat insulating properties can be maintained over a long period of time.

Further, in order to improve the heat-insulating airtightness, the heat-insulating material 5 includes a heat-insulating layer made of extruded styrene-based resin and a moisture-proof reflective layer laminated on one or both sides of the heat-insulating layer. It is composed of This moisture-proof reflective layer includes a paper layer such as kraft paper laminated on a heat insulating layer, a reflective layer such as aluminum foil laminated on the paper layer (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as a metal reflective layer), It is composed of a plastic layer laminated on this metal reflection layer, and each layer is laminated integrally with an adhesive or the like.
Such a heat insulating material 5 can enhance the moisture-proof property by the metal reflection layer and the plastic layer, and can enhance the reflection efficiency of radiant heat by the metal reflection layer. Therefore, even if the thickness of the heat insulating layer is small, high heat insulating properties, moisture proof properties and reflectivity can be improved. Further, the heat insulating layer and the metal reflecting layer and the plastic layer can be uniformly and firmly joined by the paper layer. Further, the plastic layer can improve the puncture resistance or puncture resistance of the metal reflection layer.

On the outside side surface (outside surface) of the heat insulating material 5, a plywood or OSB (Oriented
A surface material 7 such as a Strand Board, an oriented board or a directional board) is fixedly provided by a fixing means (a nail, a screw, or the like), and the outside of the surface material 7 has a vertical trunk edge or the like. The exterior material 9 is fixed to the spacer by fixing means (a nail, a screw, or the like) and disposed between the face material 7 and the exterior material 9 to form a ventilation layer 8 extending vertically. I have. The OSB is a plate-shaped product obtained by applying an adhesive to wood chips and arranging the chips in the fiber direction so as to be thermally compressed.
The ventilation layer 8 opens downward on the side of the base 1 and opens upward on the side of the girder 3. In such a structure, the exterior material 9 has a higher temperature than the outside air temperature due to the solar radiation, and increases the cooling load of the house in a high temperature period such as summer. However, by forming the ventilation layer 8 between the exterior material 9 and the heat insulating material 5, the heat of the exterior material 9 warmed by the solar radiation can be reduced from being transmitted to the inside of the house by utilizing the heat insulating property of air. , The heat insulation efficiency can be improved. Further, even if the exterior material 9 is heated by the radiant heat of sunlight, warm air can be ventilated upward from below through the ventilation layer 8, and the heat insulating properties of the heat insulating material 5 can be effectively used.

The thickness of the air-permeable layer is, for example, about 10 to 40 mm (particularly 1 to 40 mm) in consideration of air permeability, workability, and cost.
(About 5 to 35 mm).

On the side surfaces on the indoor side of the shafts 1 to 3, an interior material (not shown) is fixed to the shafts such as the pillars and the studs 10 by fixing means (eg, nails, screws, etc.). And
A space is formed between the heat insulating material 5 and the interior material.

The space between the interior material and the heat insulating material 5 is a base,
It is useful for maintaining the moisture absorption and desorption properties of wooden shafts such as pillars and studs. By maintaining the moisture absorption and desorption properties of the wooden part, it is possible to suppress the increase in the water content of wood even when the indoor environment changes. At the same time, the durability of the xylem can be improved. Therefore, the space is about 30% or more (30 to 30%) of the thickness of the wood shaft (wood part).
(About 90%, preferably about 40 to 80%) is preferably formed to be exposed to air. In other words, the thickness of the heat insulating material 5 is about 70% or less of the column width (thickness) (10 to 70%).
%, Preferably about 20 to 60%).

Such a wall structure is provided between the shaft portions 1 to 3 and has a smaller thickness than the shaft portion, and a first moisture-proof reflective member that covers the inner surface of the heat insulating layer. A second moisture-proof reflective layer covering an outer surface of the heat-insulating layer; a second moisture-proof reflective layer covering an outer surface of the heat-insulating layer; It has a structure provided with an exterior material 9 disposed on the outdoor side of the moisture-proof reflective layer via a ventilation layer 8.

On the other hand, in the floor structure shown in FIG. 2, the square member 11 joined to the upper end surface of the base 1 constituting the shaft portion and having substantially the same height as the thickness of the heat insulating material 15 makes the indoor side of the base 1 indoor. An L-shaped step (a notch step-shaped receiving part) 14 is formed at the side edge of the. Also, from the base 1,
The joist 12 extends in the horizontal direction, and a floor structure is formed by a laterally provided shaft portion such as the joist 12 and the pulling bar. The end of the heat insulating material 15 is provided in the receiving portion 14 with the base 1 and the joist 1.
2 and other suitable places (peripheral portion, central portion, etc.) of the heat insulating material 15 are supported by the horizontal shaft portion. A floor finishing material 18 is disposed on the heat insulating material 15 via a face material 17. The heat insulating material 15 is composed of a heat insulating layer and a moisture-proof reflective layer laminated on both sides of the heat insulating layer, as described above.

Airtight members 16a and 6b are attached to the joints between the receiving portion 14 and the heat insulating material 15 on the indoor side and the indoor side to enhance the airtightness. More specifically, a gap between the joint between the upper end surface of the square member 11 and the upper end surface of the heat insulating material 15 is sealed with an airtight member 16a, and an L-shape formed by the indoor side end surface of the base 1 and the side end surface of the square member 11 is formed. The gap between the joint between the step and the heat insulating material 15 is sealed with an airtight member 16a.

Further, in the ceiling structure shown in FIG. 4, a square member 21 having substantially the same height as the thickness of the heat insulating material 25 is joined to the upper end surface of the girder 3 constituting the shaft portion.
An L-shaped step (a notch-shaped step-shaped receiving part) 24 is formed on the inner side edge of. In addition, from joist 3 to joist 2
Numeral 2 extends in the horizontal direction, and a ceiling assembly structure is formed by horizontal shafts such as joists 22 and beams. The end of a heat insulating material 25 is supported by the beam 3 and the joist 22 on the receiving portion 24, and other appropriate places (peripheral portion, central portion, etc.) of the heat insulating material 25 are supported by a horizontal shaft portion. The heat insulating material 25 includes a heat insulating layer and a moisture-proof reflective layer laminated on both sides of the heat insulating layer, as described above.

Airtight members 26a and 26b are attached to the joints between the receiving portion 24 and the heat insulating material 25 on the outside and the inside of the room to enhance the airtightness. More specifically, the gap between the joining portion between the upper end surface of the square member 21 and the upper end surface of the heat insulating material 25, and the joining between the step portion formed by the indoor end surface of the beam 3 and the side end surface of the square member 21 and the heat insulating material 25. The gaps between the parts are sealed with airtight members 26a and 26b.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the heat-insulated and airtight structure, on the joist 32 extending laterally from the waist gap 2, a floor material 36 and a floor finishing material are formed to form a second floor. 37 are provided.

In such a heat-insulated and airtight structure, in the wall structure, the floor structure, and the ceiling structure, the space between the shaft receiving portion and the heat insulating material is sealed on the indoor side and the outdoor side by an airtight member. Even with a simple structure, high heat-insulating airtightness can be secured. In addition, since it is sufficient that the heat insulating material is filled between the shaft parts and sealed with an airtight member, the heat insulating property and the workability are excellent. In the structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the space between the face materials 7 and 17 and the shaft (the base 1, the spar 21 and the column) may be sealed with an airtight member. Furthermore, in the structure shown in FIG. 3, the joint between the adjacent face materials 7 may be sealed with an airtight member on the indoor side and / or the outdoor side.

FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a ceiling portion of a house. The same members as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals and described.

This heat-insulating and airtight structure is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 4, in which a spar 3 serving as a shaft attached to the top of a pillar or stud 10 and an upper end surface of the spar 3 are joined. A square member 21 having substantially the same height as the thickness, and a step portion (notched step-shaped receiving portion) 24 formed on the inner side edge of the spar 3 by joining the square member 21; A heat insulating material 25 is supported and disposed on a horizontal shaft portion such as a joist 22 extending laterally from the spar 3. As in the case of FIG. 4, airtight members 26a and 26b are adhered to the outside and inside joints of the joint between the receiving portion 24 and the heat insulating material 25 to enhance the airtightness.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, a gap 42 extends laterally from a pillar 40 such as a main pillar, and a notch serving as a receiving portion is provided at an upper edge of the gap. 44 are formed. In this notch 44, the same end of the heat insulating material 45 as described above is positioned and erected.

In order to improve the airtightness, on the indoor side (the side of the space to be insulated), the joint between the side surface of the shaft portion (body difference 42) and the side surface of the heat insulating material 45 formed substantially flush. A first airtight member 46a is adhered to the (boundary region), and a second airtight member is provided on the outdoor side at a bent joint between the cutout step portion of the shaft portion 42 and the heat insulating material 45. 46b is stuck. Further, the joint (boundary region) between the heat insulating material 25 and the wall surface composed of the pillar 40 and the heat insulating material 45 is also sealed by the airtight members 47a and 47b on the outside and inside the room.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a wall structure of a house. This wall structure substantially corresponds to the wall structure shown in FIGS. Therefore, the same members as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and described.

A notch 4 corresponding to the thickness of the heat insulating material 5 is formed at a side edge of the pillar 50 constituting the shaft on the outdoor side, and a heat insulating member having an end disposed in the notch. The outer surface of the material 5 and the outer surface of the column 50 are formed substantially in a plane.
The joint between the notch 4 and the heat insulating material 5 is sealed by airtight members 6a and 6b on the indoor side and the outdoor side as described above.

A plurality of face materials 7 are attached adjacent to the outer surface of the heat insulating material 5, and an exterior material 9 is attached to the outside of the face material via a ventilation layer 8. In addition, the exterior material 9
Fixing means to spacers such as vertical waist 53 (nails, screws, etc.)
The surface material 7 and the exterior material 9
Between them, a ventilation layer 8 extending in the vertical direction is formed. Adjacent regions (vertical or horizontal joints) of the plurality of face materials 7 are located along or together with a shaft portion such as the vertical trunk 53.

On the other hand, on the indoor side of the heat insulating material 5, an interior material 55 is attached via a stud 51, and a space 54 is formed between the heat insulating material 5 and the interior material 55.

The joints (butting portions, adjacent areas, or vertical or horizontal joints) of the plurality of heat insulating materials 5 are columns,
The joints of the plurality of heat insulating materials 5 are sealed by airtight members 56a and 56b on the indoor side and the outdoor side, respectively, along the shaft portion such as 1 or the vertical trunk 53.

In the above-described structure in which a plurality of heat insulating materials 5 are arranged adjacent to each other in the frame portion, the airtight member 56 is usually provided also at the joint (adjacent joint) of the heat insulating materials 5 on the indoor side and the outdoor side.
Since a and 56b are adhered and sealed, heat insulation and airtightness can be further improved, and high humidity in summer,
In the rainy season or the like, it is possible to prevent moisture (water vapor) in the outside air from entering the room.

The heat-insulated and airtight structure of the present invention can be applied to various parts of a building such as a house. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the heat-insulating and airtight structure of the sash portion of the window.

In this example, a notch 64a is formed at the outdoor side edge of the pillar 60, and a heat insulating material 65a is provided in this notch as described above. The pillar 60
Is attached to one end of a sash 70, and the other end is attached to a sash attachment frame 61.
A receiving member (square member) 62 for forming a receiving portion 64b of the heat insulating material 65b is attached adjacent to. The end portion of the heat insulating material 65b is attached to the receiving portion 64b in a state where it is supported. Further, a joining portion between the notch portion 64a and the heat insulating material 65a, and the receiving portion 64b and the heat insulating material 65b
Are connected to the airtight member 66 in the same manner as described above.
a and 66b.

Further, similarly to the above, the heat insulating material 65a,
A facing 67 is attached to the outside of the room 65b, and an exterior material 69 is disposed on the outside of the facing via a ventilation layer 68,
The interior material 6 is provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating materials 65a and 65 via a space.
3 are provided. Further, the joint or contact portion between the sash mounting frame 61 and the side surface of the sash 70 is tightly sealed with an airtight member (particularly a waterproof airtight member such as a waterproof tape) 71 in order to prevent air leak, rain leak and the like. Te

In the above example, the notch or the receiving portion is formed on the upper end surface and / or the lower end surface of the horizontal shaft portion, but the receiving portion for supporting the end portion of the heat insulating material is formed of the horizontal shaft portion. It may be formed on the side surface. FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the floor structure. The same members as those of the floor structure will be described with the same reference numerals.

In the floor structure shown in FIG. 8, a receiving member (square member) 71 is joined to the indoor side surface of a base (girder) 1 constituting a shaft portion, and an L-shape is provided on the indoor side of the base 1. A step portion (step-shaped receiving portion) 74 is formed. The end of the heat insulating material 75 is located at the step (receiving portion) 74 and is supported by a horizontal shaft portion such as the base 1, and the other area of the heat insulating material 75 is the base 1, the joist, the large It is supported by a floor structure such as a draw. In this example, the upper end surface of the base 1 and the heat insulating material 7
The receiving member (square member) 71 is attached to the base 1 so that the upper surfaces of the 5 are located at substantially the same height. And in the receiving part 74, the receiving member (square material)
An airtight member 76 is adhered to a contact portion between the 71 and the heat insulating material 75, and a gap between the contact portions is sealed by the airtight member 76 to improve airtightness.

FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the ceiling structure. The same members as those of the ceiling structure will be described with the same reference numerals.

In this ceiling structure, a receiving member (square member) 81 is joined to the indoor side surface of the girder 3 constituting the shaft portion, and an L-shaped step portion (stepped shape) is provided on the indoor side of the girder 3. Receiving portion 84 is formed. In this example, the upper end surface of the spar 3 and the upper surface of the heat insulating material 85 are located at substantially the same height level, and the end of the heat insulating material 85 is supported by the receiving member 81 of the receiving portion 84. I have. Note that, as described above, digit 3
From above, the joists extend in the horizontal direction, and a horizontal assembly such as joists and beams form a ceiling assembly structure. In the receiving portion 24, a gap between the receiving member 81 and the heat insulating material 85 is sealed by an airtight member 86 attached to a contact portion between the receiving member 81 and the heat insulating material 85.

In the heat insulating structure of the present invention, it is possible to prevent a gap from being formed between the receiving portion of the shaft portion and the heat insulating material due to drying,
The shaft portion is made of a desiccant (for example, a wood material having a water content of 20% by weight or less, preferably 14% by weight or less) so as to be in close contact with each other. When exposed to air at a temperature of 70 ° C. for 2 hours, it is advantageous to use a heat insulating material which is composed of a heat insulating material and a face material laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulating material and has a dimensional shrinkage of 0.2% or less. . Further, the width of the receiving portion may be 10% or less (preferably 5 to 10%) of the width of the shaft portion. In order to prevent a gap from forming between the receiving part and the heat insulating material, it is better that the width of the receiving part is large, but in the case of the notch part, the width of the receiving part should be reduced so as not to lower the strength of the shaft part. The smaller the better, the better. In the case of the receiving member, the smaller the member, the lower the cost and the better the workability.

The heat insulating material may be formed as a single heat insulating layer. The heat insulating layer, a moisture proof layer, a heat ray reflective layer (reflective layer),
A composite heat insulating material in which a functional layer such as a moisture absorbing / releasing layer is composited may be formed.

Examples of the heat insulating material constituting the heat insulating layer include fibrous heat insulating materials such as glass wool, rock wool and cellulose fiber, expanded polyolefin (expanded polyethylene and expanded polypropylene), expanded polyurethane, expanded styrene resin (expanded polystyrene and the like). Can be selected from foamed plastic insulation materials. The heat insulating materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more as a mixed resin foam or a laminate. A preferable heat insulating material is a rigid foamed plastic heat insulating material having relatively high moisture-proof performance and rigidity, particularly a foamed styrene resin. Further, from the viewpoint of productivity and the like, it is advantageous that the heat insulating material is constituted by an extruded styrene resin board (plate-like heat insulating material).

A preferable heat insulating material is a heat insulating layer and at least one functional layer (particularly, having a moisture-proof property) selected from a moisture-proof layer and a reflective layer, which is disposed on at least one surface of the heat-insulating layer in a laminated or phosphorous contact. Reflective layer (moisture-proof reflective layer)
And a composite heat insulator composed of: The moisture-proof reflection layer can be formed of at least a metal reflection layer, but is preferably formed of a metal reflection layer and a plastic layer sequentially laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulation layer. In particular, the moisture-proof reflective layer can be composed of a paper layer laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulating layer, a metal reflective layer such as an aluminum foil laminated on the paper layer, and a plastic layer laminated on the metal reflective layer. .

In a preferred heat insulating material, the functional layer (in particular, a composite layer composed of a paper layer, an aluminum foil and a plastic layer) is provided on at least one surface of the heat insulating layer.
The functional layer may be located on both sides of the heat insulating layer, the functional layer may be located on both surfaces of the heat insulating layer, and the functional layer is located on one surface of the heat insulating layer, It is not necessary to have a functional layer. When a functional layer is laminated or provided on the other surface of the heat insulating layer, the functional layer includes (i) a plastic layer,
It may be a single layer selected from i) a paper layer and (iii) a composite layer of a plastic layer and a paper layer on the front surface side.

The moisture-proof layer has higher moisture-permeation resistance than the adjacent or laminated heat-insulating layer. In addition, the moisture permeability resistance of the foamed plastic resin is usually 10 to 50 m ² hrmmHg /
g, so in order to demonstrate high moisture-proof performance,
The moisture-proof layer preferably has a moisture permeability resistance of 50 m ² hrmmHg / g or more.

As a material constituting the moisture-proof layer, for example,
Polyolefin film, (polyethylene film,
Plastics such as polypropylene film), polyvinyl chloride film, polyester film (polyalkylene terephthalate such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), film such as polyalkylene naphthalate), polyvinylidene chloride film, film coated with vinylidene chloride resin Films, waterproof materials for construction such as asphalt roofing, metal foils such as aluminum foil, films or sheets with increased moisture permeability by vapor deposition of metal such as aluminum or silica, or composites of these moisture-proof films or sheets with kraft paper It can be composed of a body. Preferred moisture-proof layers include metal foils such as aluminum foil, metallized films or sheets, or composites thereof (eg, films, laminated sheets with kraft paper, etc.). The thickness of the moisture-proof layer is, for example, 5 to 5.
It can be selected from a range of 300 μm, preferably about 10 to 200 μm. When the moisture-proof layer is composed of an aluminum foil or a composite sheet based on an aluminum foil, the thickness of the aluminum foil or sheet is, for example, about 5 to 10
0, preferably about 10 to 80 μm.

The reflection layer (heat ray reflection layer or metal reflection layer)
For example, a white plastic film, a moisture permeable waterproof sheet, a film on which a metal material having high reflectance is deposited or laminated (such as an aluminum-deposited plastic film), a metal foil such as an aluminum foil, and a composite sheet using these as a base material ( For example, it can be composed of aluminum and film, aluminum and kraft paper, etc.). Preferred reflective layers include metal foils such as aluminum foil, metallized films or sheets, or composites thereof (eg, films, laminated sheets with kraft paper, etc.). The thickness of the reflection layer is, for example, 5 to 300 μm, preferably 10 to 300 μm.
It can be selected from a range of about 200 μm. When the reflective layer is composed of a composite sheet based on aluminum foil or aluminum foil, the thickness of the aluminum foil or sheet is
For example, it is about 5 to 100 μm, preferably about 10 to 80 μm.

The paper layer of the moisture-proof reflective layer can be formed of various kinds of paper, for example, kraft paper, and the metal reflective layer can be formed of the above-mentioned metal foil (eg, aluminum foil), a metal-deposited film or sheet, or a composite sheet thereof. It can be formed with a bird. The plastic layer is formed of the plastic film (P
ET film).

With such a moisture-proof layer or a moisture-proof reflective layer, it is possible to prevent moisture that causes dew condensation inside the wall from entering the interior of the house including the framing portion under a high humidity environment such as summer or rainy season. The durability of the house can be improved. In addition, when the reflective layer or the moisture-proof reflective layer is used, propagation of radiant heat from the exterior material to the indoor can be suppressed, and the cooling load of the house in a high outdoor temperature period such as summer can be reduced.

As described above, a moisture absorbing / releasing layer may be formed as a functional layer on the heat insulating layer, if necessary. This moisture absorption / release layer may be made of a material that can absorb dew water,
For example, paper such as kraft paper, woody sheet, nonwoven fabric or woven fabric can be used. The thickness of the moisture absorbing / releasing layer is, for example, 10 μm.
m to 2 mm, preferably in the range of about 30 μm to 1 mm.

In the heat-insulating and airtight structure of the present invention, the functional layers such as the moisture-proof layer and the reflective layer may be provided in a laminated state or superimposable on the heat-insulating layer, and are integrated with the heat-insulating layer. No need. In order to improve workability and the like, it is advantageous to use a composite heat insulating material in which a functional layer and a heat insulating layer are laminated and integrated.

In the heat-insulating and airtight structure, when the heat insulating material has at least a metal reflective layer (such as a moisture-proof reflective layer),
The metal reflective layer may be provided with a heat insulator toward either the indoor side and / or the outdoor side. In particular, when the moisture-proof reflection layer is composed of a paper layer, a metal reflection layer, and a plastic layer, it is preferable that the plastic layer contains an antistatic agent. In such a heat insulating material, even if the heat insulating materials are stacked, troubles due to static electricity can be prevented at the time of construction, and the working efficiency and the workability can be improved by the plastic layer containing the antistatic agent. In addition, by arranging the heat insulating material with the metal reflective layer facing the indoor side, not only can the aesthetic appearance be improved by the metallic luster of the metal reflective layer, but there is no possibility that dust and the like adhere to the plastic layer located on the indoor side, Beauty and cleanliness can be improved.

The heat insulating material is usually applied based on the axis of the shaft. Therefore, the dimensions of the heat insulating material and the composite heat insulating material are formed in a size and a pitch suitable for the construction pitch of the shaft portion formed by the shaft portion.

[0061] In the multi-unit heat insulating material in which the heat insulating layer and the functional layer are integrally laminated, the size of the functional layer may be equal to or larger than the heat insulating layer. When the size of the functional layer is made larger than that of the heat insulating layer and an extending portion (ear) extending outward from the end of the heat insulating material is formed, the ear overlaps with the adjacent composite heat insulating material or the functional layer thereof. It can be constructed by polymerizing,
It is possible to enhance the heat-insulating airtightness of the joint of the heat-insulating material. The ears of the functional layer need only extend from at least one end of the heat insulating layer, and extend outward from any two adjacent sides (corner sides) of the heat insulating layer adjacent to the peripheral edge. You may.

In the heat-insulated and airtight structure of the present invention, the receiving portion can be formed at an appropriate position in the shaft portion where the end of the heat insulating material can be arranged. Formed. In particular, in the horizontal shaft portion (base, body difference, girder, etc.), at least one portion selected from the upper end surface, the lower end surface, and the side surface of the shaft portion (for example, of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the horizontal shaft portion). A receiving portion can be formed on at least one side edge portion or a side portion of the horizontal shaft portion. In the vertical shaft portion (post, stud, etc.), at least one side surface of the shaft portion, particularly the side portion (both side portions, etc.) The receiving part can be formed in the. Also, depending on the form of the heat-insulated and airtight structure, the receiving portion is formed on the indoor side of the shaft portion,
It can be selected from the central part and an appropriate place outside the room. When a space is formed between the heat insulating material and the interior material, the shaft (horizontal shaft and / or
Alternatively, a receiving portion can be formed on the outdoor side of the standing shaft portion).

As described above, the receiving portion is formed by the notch formed in the shaft portion, the shaft portion (in the horizontal shaft portion, at least one of the upper end surface, the lower end surface, and the side surface, in particular, the upper end surface). At least one of the lower end surface and the lower end surface can be formed by a step portion made of a square member joined to the side surface, particularly the side surface surface in the case of the upright shaft portion, and the shape of the receiving portion is not particularly limited and may have a curved portion. Good, but usually L-shaped.

It is not necessary that the outer surface of the heat insulating material having the end disposed in the receiving portion and the outer surface of the shaft portion be substantially flush with each other. Is preferably substantially flush.

The hermetic member only needs to be able to seal at least one of the joints between the receiving portion and the heat insulating material on the outside and inside the room. In addition, usually, at least the joint portion at the same level is sealed by an airtight member. Examples of the airtight member include an airtight tape or a seam tape, an airtight packing material, a foaming agent composition capable of imparting heat insulation and airtightness by in-situ foaming, and a sealing material.

In order to improve the airtightness, a joint (or abutting portion) of a plurality of members (heat insulating material, surface material, etc.) constituting the heat-insulating airtight structure is airtight at least one of the indoor side and the outdoor side. You may seal with a member. In addition, in order to increase airtightness, joints of a plurality of members are usually arranged along or along a shaft portion (a stud, a vertical / horizontal trunk edge, etc.) in many cases. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 6, the joint of the plurality of heat insulating materials 5 can be sealed with an airtight member on the indoor side or the outdoor side, and the plurality of face materials 7 can be sealed.
May be sealed with an airtight member on the side of the vertical trunk 53 (outside of the room) and / or on the side of the heat insulating material 5 (inside of the room).

The surface material provided on the outer surface of the heat insulating material includes:
Various boards, for example, plywood (such as structural plywood), wood-based boards such as the OSB, and inorganic boards can be used. By using such a face material, the seismic strength of the shaft can be increased. In the heat-insulating and airtight structure of the present invention, a face material is not always necessary.

In the structure of the house, the shafts (posts, studs, beams, etc.) can be made of a wood material such as wood. However, the heat insulating structure of the present invention is not limited to the shaft made of wood. It can be applied to various shaft parts. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The heat insulating structure and the composite heat insulating material of the present invention can be used for heat insulation of various buildings, especially houses having a shaft made of a wooden material such as pillars and rafters (among others, buildings requiring high heat insulation and high airtightness). It is effective for

[0069]

According to the heat insulating structure and the composite heat insulating material of the present invention, high heat insulating airtightness can be enhanced even with a simple structure. In addition, while suppressing an increase in the thickness of the heat insulating layer,
Insulation can be effectively performed, and heat insulation can be improved, and workability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a heat insulating and airtight structure of a house of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a wall portion and a floor portion of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a body difference portion in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a ceiling part of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a ceiling of a house.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a wall structure of a house.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an adiabatic airtight structure of a sash portion of a window.

FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the floor structure.

FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the ceiling structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base (shaft part) 2, 42 Body difference (shaft part) 3 digits (shaft part) 4a-4d Notch part (receiving part) 14, 24, 44, 64a, 64b, 74, 84 Small receiving part 5, 15 , 25, 45, 65a, 65b, 75, 85
Insulation material 6a, 6b, 16a, 16b, 26a, 26b, 46
a, 46b, 47a, 47b, 56a, 56b, 66
a, 66b, 76, 86 Airtight member 7, 67 Face material 8, 68 Vent layer 9, 69 Exterior material 10, 51 Stud 11, 21 Square material 40, 50, 60 Column 53 Vertical waist edge 55, 63 Interior material 71, 81 Receiving member (square lumber)

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2E001 DB01 DC02 DD01 EA08 FA04 FA12 FA15 FA32 GA12 GA22 GA23 GA24 GA25 GA27 GA28 GA42 HA32 HA33 HB04 HC02 HC07 HC08 HD08 HD09 HD12 HE07 HF02 HF07 JA22 JA25 JA28 JB03 KA02 KA09 LA04 LA12 MA03 MA03 NC01 ND14 ND15

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A receiving portion for a heat insulating material formed on a shaft portion,
A heat insulating material having an end disposed in the receiving portion, and an airtight member for sealing at least one of a joining portion between the outside and the inside of the joining portion between the receiving portion of the shaft portion and the heat insulating material. Insulated and airtight structure. 2. A notch formed in at least one side edge of an upper end surface, a lower end surface, and a side surface of the horizontal shaft portion and a side surface of the vertical shaft portion, or a receiving portion of the horizontal member. The heat-insulated and airtight structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat-insulating and airtight structure is formed by a step formed of a square member joined to at least one of an upper end surface, a lower end surface, a side surface, and a side surface of the standing member. 3. A heat insulating material provided between the shaft portions on the outdoor side and having a thickness smaller than that of the shaft portion, an interior material provided on the indoor side of the shaft portion via a space, and The heat-insulated and airtight structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat-insulating and airtight structure is a wall structure provided with an exterior material disposed on the outdoor side of the heat-insulating material via an air layer. 4. A receiving portion formed on the upper end surface and / or the lower end surface of the horizontal shaft portion, the outdoor side of the side portion of the standing shaft portion, and the outer surface of the receiving portion is substantially the same as the outer surface of the shaft portion. A wall structure including a heat insulating material disposed on the same surface, wherein at least one of the joints between the receiving portion and the heat insulating material on the outdoor side and the indoor side is sealed with an airtight member. Claim 1 or 3
Insulated airtight structure as described. 5. The heat-insulated and airtight structure according to claim 1, wherein a face material is fixed to the outside of the shaft portion so as to be in close contact with the heat-insulating material. 6. A floor structure comprising: a receiving portion formed on the indoor side of an upper end surface or a side surface of a horizontal shaft portion; and a heat insulating material having an end supported by the receiving portion. The heat-insulated and airtight structure according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the joints between the outside and the inside of the joint between the portion and the heat insulating material is sealed with an airtight member. 7. A ceiling structure comprising: a receiving portion formed on the indoor side of an upper end surface or a side surface of a horizontal shaft portion; and a heat insulating material having an end supported by the receiving portion. The heat-insulated and airtight structure according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the joints between the outside and the inside of the joint between the portion and the heat insulating material is sealed with an airtight member. 8. The heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of heat insulating materials are disposed adjacent to each other, and at least one of the seams of the adjacent heat insulating materials on the outdoor side and the indoor side is sealed with an airtight member. Insulated and airtight structure. 9. The shaft portion is formed of a desiccant, the width of the receiving portion is 10% or less of the width of the shaft portion, and the heat insulating material is formed of a foamed plastic heat insulating material and at least one surface of the heat insulating material. It is composed of laminated face materials and is exposed to air at a temperature of 70 ° C.
2. The heat-insulated hermetic structure according to claim 1, wherein a dimensional shrinkage ratio when exposed for a time is 0.2% or less. 10. The heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material is constituted by a heat insulating layer and at least one layer selected from a moisture-proof layer and a reflective layer laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulating layer. Insulated and airtight structure. 11. A composite heat insulating material comprising: a heat insulating material formed of an extruded styrene-based resin; and a moisture-proof reflective layer laminated on at least one surface of the heat insulating layer. The heat insulating and airtight structure according to claim 1, wherein 12. The heat-insulating airtight structure according to claim 11, wherein a paper layer, a reflective layer, and a plastic layer are sequentially laminated on at least one surface of the heat-insulating layer. 13. A heat insulating layer, on one side of which a paper layer, an aluminum foil and a plastic layer are sequentially laminated,
2. A layer selected from the group consisting of (i) a plastic layer, (ii) a paper layer, and (iii) a composite layer of a plastic layer and a paper layer on the front side, on the other surface of the heat insulating layer.
2. The heat-insulated airtight structure according to 1.