JP2000116670A - Surgical microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow an operator to detect the direction of input by a detection means when he executes an operational input, control the direction of driving of an electrical driving section on the basis of the result of the detection and the input condition of an input means, and execute an operation unconsciously of from which direction of an mirror he is observing. SOLUTION: This microscope has an electrical driving section that drives the mirror at least in four directions, and a voice controller as an input means that executes the operational input of the electrical driving section. In this case, a voice detection circuit 37 as a detection means that detects the direction of input of the voice controller 33, and a control section 22c that controls the direction of driving of the electrical driving section on the basis of the result of detection of the voice detection circuit 37 and the input state of the voice controller 33.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surgical microscope having a voice controller for performing operation input by voice, which is used in the medical field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the development of surgical techniques and surgical tools, so-called microsurgery, which is an operation for a minute affected area, has been frequently performed.

[0003] As a microsurgery, for example, a surgical microscope for enlarging and observing an operation part is used, for example, in neurosurgery or orthopedic / plastic surgery. In microsurgery, the surgeon may also use surgical instruments such as bipolar and electric scalpels operated by foot switches, in addition to surgical instruments such as scissors, tweezers, and scalpels. The surgeon's hands and feet are often blocked.

Furthermore, since operation inputs such as magnification change, focus adjustment, and mirror movement of an operating microscope are normally performed by foot switches, the number of foot switches increases, and various foot switches are operated during surgery. Has been difficult to perform quickly and accurately.

[0005] Further, as the number of contacts of the foot switch to be operated increases as the operating microscope becomes more sophisticated, the number of signal lines connecting the foot switch to the operating microscope main body increases. The cable connecting the microscope body becomes stiff, the degree of freedom of the installation position of the foot switch is reduced, and the operator cannot perform the operation in a natural posture.

Therefore, there is a need for a voice controller capable of automatically controlling each drive unit by voice recognition based on voices generated by the surgeon or the like, based on voices generated by an operator or the like, which has been conventionally performed by a foot switch. Is growing.

In the voice recognition device built in the voice controller, a specific speech in which the user previously registers standard pattern data of the operation instruction word of the user in a memory of the voice recognition device before performing voice recognition. In general, an unspecified speaker system in which the user system and standard pattern data extracted from a sample of operation instruction words for several tens of people are written in the ROM of the voice recognition device and the user does not need to register is known. I have.

However, the voice controller used in the above-mentioned operating environment requires high reliability and safety, and the number of operation instruction words is as small as a dozen or so, so that the recognition rate is relatively high. A speech recognition device of a specific speaker system that is easy to obtain is mainly used.

The recognition means of the voice recognition apparatus generally compares standard pattern data of a plurality of operation instruction words registered in advance with pattern data of operation instruction voice input from a microphone, and determines similarity between each pattern data. It is known that a degree point is calculated using a similarity method such as a simple similarity method, and operation instruction data corresponding to an operation instruction word having pattern data with the highest similarity (similarity point) is output. I have.

[0010] However, the utterance sound of the operation instruction word uttered by the user is not always constant, and even if the utterance sound is made by the same utterer, the utterance sound due to unstable factors such as physical condition and mood of the day. Often, subtle changes occur in the voice characteristics of the uttered sound as compared with the standard pattern data registration. Therefore, the similarity between the input standard pattern data and the input standard pattern data is reduced, and the recognition rate may be reduced. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to re-register the standard pattern data at an appropriate time. Preferably, if the standard pattern data is re-registered immediately before using the voice controller, a high recognition rate can be obtained.

Examples of applying such a voice recognition device to a surgical microscope are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-16312 and US Pat. No. 4,989,253.

[0012]

When using a surgical microscope, it is necessary to keep the surgical microscope clean because the surgeon may touch the microscope to move the mirror. There is. In such a case, a method is generally used in which a disposable sterilized cover called a drape is used to cover the mirror body of the microscope, and a part that an operator may touch during the operation is kept clean. Furthermore, it is common knowledge that the surgeon wears a mask to perform an operation for hygiene.

A microphone for inputting an operation instruction word to a voice controller for an operating microscope is often fixed to a mirror body mainly due to sterilization problems. Therefore, when operating the operating microscope using the voice controller during the operation, the operation instruction voice issued by the operator is input to the microphone through the mask and the drape. Therefore, the voice input to the microphone is in a state in which the high frequency is attenuated with respect to the voice actually uttered by the operator, and the generated voice pattern data is also different from the voice uttered actually. .

Therefore, in order to obtain a high recognition rate during the operation, it is essential to register the standard pattern data under the same conditions as during the actual operation in consideration of the influence of the mask and drape. However, for example, when considering surgery in neurosurgery, etc., there is a craniotomy operation to approach the affected area before using the surgical microscope, and in order to avoid accidentally making the surgical microscope dirty during that time In many cases, a drape is attached immediately before introducing a surgical microscope into surgery.

For this reason, it is conceivable to register the standard pattern data for all operation instructions after the drape is attached during the operation. However, performing the registration operation during the operation stops the flow of the operation, which is a troublesome operation. is there. In addition, the operation time may be increased, and it is not a preferable method in consideration of the burden on the patient. Also, it is very troublesome to attach a mask and a drape only for registering standard pattern data before the operation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a surgical operation which can accurately perform voice control without considering changes in voice characteristics due to drapes and masks when registering standard pattern data. The object of the present invention is to provide a microscope for use.

[0017]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric drive unit for driving a mirror body in at least four directions of front, rear, left and right, and an operation of the electric drive unit. In a surgical microscope having input means for inputting, detecting means for detecting an input direction of the input means, and control for controlling a driving direction of the electric drive unit based on a detection result of the detecting means and an input state of the input means. Means are provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the input means of the first aspect comprises:
It is a voice controller.

When the operator performs an operation input by the input means to move the mirror, the input direction is detected by the detection means, and the driving direction of the electric drive unit is controlled based on the detection result and the input state of the input means. And the mirror can be operated without switching the input direction.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show a first embodiment, and FIG.
2 is an overall view of the surgical microscope, FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a mirror body of the surgical microscope, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a voice controller, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a voice feature correction circuit.

As shown in FIG. 1, a mirror body 2 of an operating microscope 1 is attached to a free end of an arm 4 pivotally attached to an upper end of a gantry 3. The arm unit 4 includes a first arm 5 rotatably held around an axis A with respect to a gantry 3 movable on a floor surface of an operating room, and an arm B around an axis B with respect to the first arm 5. A second rotatable and rotatable about axis C (perpendicular to the plane of the paper) with respect to connecting member 6 having axis B;
And an arm 7. Further, the mirror body 2 is attached to the free end of the second arm 7 so as to be rotatable around the axis D. Thereby, the mirror body 2 can move to a desired position in the three-dimensional space.

The mirror 2 has a built-in electric focus adjustment mechanism and an electric zoom mechanism (both not shown) which are not shown. Each drive control unit of the electric focus adjustment mechanism and the electric zoom mechanism is provided with the gantry. 3 Further, a voice controller 8 is attached to a side surface of the gantry 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the mirror body 2 has a pair of optical systems (not shown) for stereoscopic vision and a binocular lens barrel 9, so that the operator can observe the affected part three-dimensionally. It has a configuration. One end of a microphone arm 10 is attached to a side surface of the mirror body 2. At the other end of the microphone arm 10,
A microphone 11 having directivity for inputting an operation instruction word is attached. The microphone 11 is connected to the voice controller 8 by a cable (not shown).

Next, a block diagram of the voice controller 8 shown in FIG. 3 will be described. The microphone 11 is connected to a switch 14 via an amplification circuit 13 built in the voice controller 8. The switch 14 switches between the input of the registration voice and the input of the recognition voice. The contact A on the registration voice side is connected to the dictionary memory 16 via the signal processing circuit 15. Furthermore, the dictionary memory 16
Are connected to the voice recognition device 17. Switch 14
Is connected to the speech recognition device 17 via a speech feature correction circuit 18 and a signal processing circuit 19.

The audio feature correction circuit 18 incorporates a high-pass filter 60 using the frequency characteristics of an OP amplifier as shown in FIG. 4 and a plurality of notch filters 611 to 61n for attenuating only a certain frequency. An amplifier that attenuates only a predetermined frequency and emphasizes a relatively high frequency is configured.

The speech recognition device 17 is connected to an interface circuit 20. The interface circuit 20 includes a CPU (not shown). The interface circuit 20 is connected to each drive control unit of the electric focus adjustment mechanism control unit 22a and the electric zoom mechanism control unit 22b built in the gantry 3.

Next, the operation of the thus configured voice controller for a surgical microscope will be described. Prior to the operation, the surgeon connects the switch 14 installed in the voice controller 8 to the contact A on the registration voice side, and performs the work of registering the standard pattern data of the operation instruction word. At this time, the surgeon does not need to wear a mask and does not need to cover the surgical microscope 1 with a drape (not shown). The voice for registration of the operation instruction word uttered by the operator is collected by the microphone 11, converted into an electric signal, and input to the amplifier circuit 13 built in the voice controller 8.

The audio signal amplified by the amplifier circuit 13 is input to a signal processing circuit 15 via a switch 14, where a frequency analysis is performed and standard pattern data is created. The standard pattern data is input to and stored in the dictionary memory 16. At this time, the standard pattern data input to the dictionary memory 16 is created based on voice without a mask or drape. This operation is performed for all operation instruction words described below. However, when the voice recognition device 17 recognizes the operation instruction word corresponding to the instruction code, the voice recognition device 17 sends the instruction code to a CPU (not shown).
Is the code number output to.

Command Codes Operation Instruction Words Meaning of Operation Instruction Words (1) Focus Up: Drive Electric Focus Adjustment Mechanism Upward (2) Focus Down: Drive Electric Focus Adjustment Mechanism Downward (3) Zoom In: Electric Zoom Driving the mechanism in the enlargement direction (4) Zoom out: Driving the electric zoom mechanism in the reduction direction (5) Stop: Stop the operation of each drive unit Next, a recognition operation during the operation will be described. Immediately before introducing the surgical microscope 1 into an operation, the surgeon determines the orientation of the surgical microscope 1, deforms the mask arm 10 in accordance with the orientation, and sets the microphone 11 to come to the mouth of the surgeon. Further, the surgeon connects the switch 14 provided in the voice controller 8 to the contact B on the recognition voice side, and inputs the voice for recognition of the operation instruction word.

Since the surgeon wears a mask during the surgery as described above, and the surgical microscope 1 is covered with the drape (not shown), a voice for recognizing the operation instruction word spoken by the surgeon is provided. Is input to the microphone 11 via the mask and the drape. The voice for recognition of the operation instruction word input to the microphone 11 is amplified by the amplifier circuit 13 and then input to the voice feature correction circuit 18 via the switch 14.

In the recognition voice input to the voice feature correction circuit 18, the high frequency range of the voice attenuated by the mask and the drape is enhanced by the high frequency emphasizing process by the above-described filter circuit, and the voice feature by the mask wearing and the drape wearing is enhanced. Exclude changes. The thus-recognized speech for recognition is frequency-analyzed by the signal processing circuit 19 to generate pattern data, which is input to the speech recognition device 17.

The speech recognition device 17 calculates the similarity point of the input pattern data for all the standard pattern data registered in the dictionary memory 16 and corresponds to the standard pattern data having the highest similarity point. The instruction code is transferred to the CPU (not shown) of the interface circuit 20.
Output to For example, if the uttered operation instruction word is “zoomed in”, the corresponding instruction code “(3)” is output to the CPU (not shown). Upon receiving the instruction code “(3)”, the CPU (not shown) outputs a control signal corresponding to the instruction code to the gantry 3. That is, an up signal for the electric zoom mechanism (not shown) corresponding to the instruction code “(3)” is output to the electric zoom mechanism control unit 22 b built in the gantry 3. Thereby, the electric zoom mechanism drive control unit (not shown) is driven in the up direction.

The operation described above is the same for the operation instruction words "focus up", "focus down", and "zoom out".

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the voice signal of the recognition voice that has passed through the mask and drape input to the voice controller 8 at the time of voice recognition is converted to the voice feature correction circuit built in the voice controller 8. At 18, the audio component attenuated by the mask and drape is enhanced. Therefore, since the pattern data of the recognition voice created by the signal processing circuit 19 is obtained by automatically removing the influence of the mask and the drape, it is troublesome to attach the mask and the drape when registering the standard pattern data. It can be omitted and the work efficiency can be greatly improved.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show a second embodiment.
The same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the mirror unit in the present embodiment, FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a voice controller, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a voice feature correction circuit.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a mirror 30 is attached to the free end of the second arm 7 of the surgical microscope 1 in this embodiment via an XY drive device 41. Can be finely moved in four directions of front, rear, left and right. The control unit 22c of the XY driving device 41 is built in the gantry 3.

A unidirectional microphone 31 is mounted on the front of the mirror 30, and a similar unidirectional microphone 32 is mounted on the back of the mirror 30. Further, a so-called opposed-type lens barrel 33 is attached to the mirror body 30 so that a plurality of operators can stereoscopically observe an operation part from the front and back with the same field of view. The microphone 31 and the microphone 32 are input to a voice controller 33 attached to a side surface of the gantry 3 by a cable (not shown).

Next, the voice controller 33 shown in FIG.
Will be described. The microphones 31 and 32 are connected to amplifying circuits 34 and 35 built in the voice controller 33, respectively. The output of the amplifier circuit 34 is connected to a normally closed terminal of a relay 36 (hereinafter referred to as N.
C. Terminal). In addition, the amplification circuit 3
5 is divided into two systems, one of which is connected to a normally open terminal (hereinafter referred to as an NO terminal) of a relay 36 via a delay circuit 40. The other output of the amplifier circuit 35 is input to a voice detection circuit 37, and the output of the voice detection circuit 37 is connected to the coil side of the relay 36. The sound detection circuit 37 is connected to the interface circuit 39.

The OUT terminal of the relay 36 is connected to the switch 14, and the switch 14 has a contact A for registration voice input and a contact B for recognition voice input. The contact A for registration voice input is connected to a voice feature correction circuit 38. The audio feature correction circuit 38 includes a low-pass filter 6 as shown in FIG.
2 and a plurality of notch filters 631 to 63n are built in, attenuating only a predetermined frequency and emphasizing a relatively low frequency band, and adding a signal obtained by adding an influence of a mask and drape to a normal audio signal. It is configured to create.

The audio feature correction circuit 38 is a signal processing circuit 1
5 is connected to the dictionary memory 16, and the dictionary memory 16 is connected to the speech recognition device 17. Next, the contact B for voice input for recognition is connected to the voice recognition device 17 via the signal processing circuit 19. Voice recognition device 17
Are connected to the interface circuit 39, and the interface circuit 39 is connected to the control unit 22c of the XY drive device 41 built in the gantry 3. The interface circuit 39 incorporates a CPU (not shown). Further, the interface circuit 39 is a voice detection circuit 3
7 is also connected.

Next, the operation of the voice controller for a surgical microscope configured as described above will be described. First, the surgeon switches the switch 14 provided on the voice controller 33 to the contact A for registration, and performs the work of registering the standard pattern data of the operation instruction word. First, the surgeon is the mirror 30
Is registered from the front side (the side where the microphone 31 is installed). At this time, the surgeon does not need to wear a mask and does not need to cover the entire operation microscope with a drape (not shown).

The voice for registering the operation instruction word uttered by the operator is collected by the microphone 31, and the sound signal is amplified by the amplifier circuit 34 incorporated in the voice controller 33. C. Output to terminal.
Since nothing is input to the coil side terminal of the relay 36, C. The terminal is still connected to the OUT terminal. Therefore, the acoustic signal output from the amplifier circuit 34 is
The signal is input to the switch 14 through the relay 36.

Since the switch 14 is set to the contact A for registration, the input audio signal is output from the audio feature correction circuit 38.
Is input to The input audio signal is emphasized in the audio feature correction circuit 38, centering on a relatively low frequency, by the above-described filter circuit, and a signal obtained by adding a mask and drape effect to the normal audio signal is created. You.
The acoustic signal corrected by the audio feature correction circuit 38 is frequency-analyzed by the signal processing circuit 15 to create standard pattern data. This operation is performed for all operation instruction words described below.

Command Code Operation Instruction Word Meaning of Operation Instruction Word (6) Forward Move the mirror body forward as viewed from the operator standing in front of the mirror body (move the XY drive device toward the back of the mirror body) (7) ) Backward Move the mirror forward when viewed from the surgeon standing in front of the mirror (Move the XY drive device toward the front of the mirror) (8) Light Mirror when viewed from the surgeon standing in front of the mirror Move the body to the right (Move the XY drive to the right from the front of the mirror) (9) Left Move the mirror to the left as seen by the surgeon standing in front of the mirror (Move the XY drive to the mirror) (Moves to the left from the front of the body) (5) Stop Stops the operation of each drive unit Stored in an area (not shown) corresponding to the microphone 31 of the dictionary memory 16.

Next, the operator performs a registration operation from the back side of the mirror body 30 (the side where the microphone 32 is installed). The voice for registering the operation instruction words uttered by the operator is the microphone 3
2, the sound signal is input to an amplifying circuit 35 built in the voice controller 33. The audio signal input to the amplification circuit 35 is divided into two systems after being amplified. One acoustic signal is input to the delay circuit 40, and the other audio signal is input to the voice detection circuit 37. The acoustic signal input to the delay circuit 40 is output from the N.P. O. Input to the terminal.

When the sound signal level from the amplification circuit 35 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the sound detection circuit 37 immediately outputs a relay drive signal to the coil side of the relay 36, and outputs the signal to the interface circuit 39. An audio detection signal is output to a built-in CPU (not shown). The relay drive signal and the audio detection signal are continuously output until a release signal is input to the audio detection circuit 37 from a CPU (not shown) built in the interface circuit 39.

When a relay drive signal is input to the coil side, the contact of the relay 36 becomes N.D. C. N. O. Switch to terminal. Therefore, the output of the acoustic signal from the delay circuit 40 passes through the relay 36 and the switch 14 and is input to the audio feature correction circuit 38. Upon receiving the voice detection signal, the CPU (not shown) switches the memory area of the dictionary memory 16 via the voice recognition device 17 to an area (not shown) corresponding to the microphone 32. The audio signal input to the audio feature correction circuit 38 is subjected to the same processing as the audio signal input from the microphone 31 to create a signal obtained by adding a mask and drape effect to a normal audio signal, Frequency analysis is performed by the signal processing circuit 15 to create standard pattern data. The created standard pattern data is input to the dictionary memory 16.

When the CPU (not shown) incorporated in the interface circuit 39 detects that the standard pattern data for one word has been registered in the dictionary memory 16, it outputs a release signal to the voice detection circuit 37.

When the voice detection circuit 37 receives the release signal, it stops the relay drive signal output to the relay 36. O. N.
C. The terminal is switched to, and voice input from the microphone 31 becomes possible. Further, at this time, the memory area of the dictionary memory 16 is also switched to an area (not shown) corresponding to the microphone 31. This operation is performed for all operation instruction words described below.

Command Code Operation Instruction Word Meaning of Operation Instruction Word (6) Forward Move the mirror body forward as viewed from the operator standing on the back of the mirror body (move the XY drive device in front of the mirror body) (7) ) Backward Move the mirror forward when viewed from the operator standing behind the mirror (Move the XY drive unit toward the rear of the mirror) (8) Light Mirror when viewed from the operator standing behind the mirror Move the body to the right (Move the XY drive to the right from the back of the mirror) (9) Left Move the mirror to the left as seen by the surgeon standing behind the mirror (Move the XY drive to the mirror) (5) Stop Stop the operation of each drive unit. In this way, without switching the microphones 31 and 32, the mask of the operation instruction word corresponding to each microphone 31, 32 and Marking with drapes attached Pattern is created, it is registered.

Next, the recognition operation during the operation will be described.

First, the operator connects the switch 14 provided on the voice controller 33 to the contact B on the recognition voice side, and inputs a voice for recognition of an operation instruction word. At this time, since the surgeon usually observes from the front of the mirror body 30, the recognition voice is input to the microphone 31. In addition, since the surgeon wears a mask during the operation and the surgical microscope body is also covered with the drape, the voice for recognition of the operation instruction word uttered by the surgeon is transmitted to the microphone 31 via the mask and the drape. Is input to Therefore, the sound signal collected by the microphone 31 and amplified by the amplifier circuit 34 is a signal in which the high frequency band is attenuated by the influence of the mask and the drape, and the low frequency band is emphasized relatively. The contact of the relay 36 is C. Because it is connected to the terminal
The acoustic signal output from the amplifier circuit 34 is input to the signal processing circuit 19 via the relay 36 and the switch 14. The signal processing circuit 19 analyzes the frequency of the acoustic signal to create pattern data. The created pattern data is input to the speech recognition device 17.

When the voice recognition device 17 receives the pattern data of the voice for recognition from the signal processing circuit 19, it uses the simple similarity method to store an area corresponding to the microphone 31 of each operation instruction word stored in the dictionary memory 16. , And outputs the instruction code corresponding to the standard pattern data having the highest similarity point to the CPU (not shown) of the interface circuit 39.

That is, assuming that an operation instruction word “light” for moving the mirror 30 rightward from the operator in front of the mirror 30 is input, the voice recognition device 17 An instruction code (8) is output to the built-in CPU (not shown). The CPU (not shown) calculates the received instruction code (8) and the output of the voice detection circuit 37, outputs a corresponding control signal to the control unit 22c built in the gantry 3, and the XY drive device 41 It is driven rightward from the front side of the body 30.

Next, when the operator operates the operating microscope using a voice from the back side of the mirror body 30 in order to observe the affected part from the opposite side, a voice for recognizing the operation instruction word spoken by the operator is used. Is collected by a microphone 32, and the sound signal is input to an amplification circuit 35 built in a voice controller 33. The sound is collected by the microphone 32 and the amplifier circuit 3
The acoustic signal amplified in 5 is a signal in which the high band is attenuated due to the influence of the mask and the drape, and the low band is emphasized relatively.

At this time, the registration voice is transmitted to the microphone 32.
Similarly, the audio signal output from the amplification circuit 35 is divided into two systems and input to the delay circuit 40 and the audio detection circuit 37. Therefore, the voice detection circuit 37
The relay drive signal is output from the relay 36 to the relay 36, and the contact of the relay 36 O. To switch to the terminal, the acoustic signal output from the delay circuit 40 is input to the switch 14 through the relay 36.

The voice detection circuit 37 outputs a voice detection signal to a CPU (not shown) incorporated in the interface circuit 39. Upon receiving the voice detection signal, the CPU (not shown) switches the memory area of the dictionary memory 16 to a non-illustrated area corresponding to the microphone 32 via the voice recognition device 17. The acoustic signal input to the switch 14 is input to the signal processing circuit 19 through the contact B for recognition, and pattern data is created. The created pattern data is input to the speech recognition device 17.

When the voice recognition device 17 receives the pattern data of the voice for recognition from the signal processing circuit 19, it uses the simple similarity method to store an area corresponding to the microphone 32 of each operation instruction word stored in the dictionary memory 16. , And outputs the instruction code corresponding to the standard pattern data having the highest similarity point to the CPU (not shown) of the interface circuit 39. That is,
Assuming that an operation instruction word "light" for moving the mirror 30 rightward from the operator on the rear side of the mirror 30 is input, the voice recognition device 17 incorporates the above-described illustration built into the interface circuit 39. The instruction code (8) is output to the CPU that does not. The CPU (not shown) calculates the received instruction code (8) and the output of the voice detection circuit 37, outputs a corresponding control signal to the control unit 22c built in the gantry 3, and the XY driving device 41 The body 30 is driven rightward from the back side, that is, leftward from the front side of the mirror body. C (not shown)
The PU outputs a release signal to the audio detection circuit 37, so that the relay drive signal output from the audio detection circuit 37 is released, and the contact of the relay 36 is set to N.P. C. Switch to terminal.

In the case where two operators utter command voices simultaneously from both the front side and the rear side of the mirror body 30, the contact of the relay 36 is set to the N.V. O. Since it is connected to the terminal, only input from the microphone 32 is possible. Therefore, the priority of the microphone 31 and the microphone 32 is higher for the microphone 32.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the characteristics of the sound signal that is relatively attenuated by wearing the mask and the drape are automatically added to the voice input when the standard pattern data is registered. With such a configuration, it is possible to eliminate the trouble of performing the standard pattern data registration work with the mask and drape attached, and to obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the operating microscope can be simultaneously operated by voice from arbitrary directions on the front side and the back side of the mirror without switching the microphone. Furthermore, when voice input is performed from the front side and the back side of the mirror, the combination of the operation instruction word and the driving direction is automatically rearranged. No need to do.

FIGS. 8 to 10 show a third embodiment, in which the same components as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. 8 is an overall view of a surgical microscope according to the present embodiment, FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a foot switch, and FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a main part in the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 8, the mirror body 2 is attached to the free end of the arm section 4 of the operating microscope 1 via the XY driving device 41. As in the first and second embodiments,
A control unit 22a of the electric focus adjustment mechanism built in the mirror body 2,
The control unit 22b of the electric zoom mechanism and the control unit 22c of the XY drive device 41 are built in the gantry 3.

A foot switch 50 is connected to the gantry 3 of the operating microscope 1. The foot switch 50 includes an up / down switch 51/52 for an electric focus adjustment mechanism (not shown), an up / down switch 53/54 for an electric zoom mechanism (not shown), and a joystick switch 55 for driving the XY drive device 41. have.
Since the joystick switch 55 has four contacts for driving the XY driving device 41 in four directions of front, rear, left and right, the foot switch 50 as a whole has eight contacts.

The four contacts of the joystick switch 55 are 55a (+ direction of the X axis), 55b (+ direction of the Y axis), 55c (− direction of the X axis), and 55d (− direction of the Y axis). The signals are input to an interface circuit 56 built in the foot switch 50 together with the switches 51 to 54.

The interface circuit 56 has a built-in 4-bit CPU (not shown).
Five eight contacts are connected. The 4-bit CPU (not shown) is connected to a control circuit 57 built in the gantry 3 of the surgical microscope 1 via a signal input / output unit (not shown) built in the interface circuit 56 and six cables. The breakdown of the six cables includes four signal lines of a 4-bit CPU (not shown) and a power line 2 of the CPU.
It is a book. The voice controller 8 attached to the side of the gantry 3 is also connected to the control circuit 57.

The control circuit 57 has an 8-bit CP (not shown)
U, a signal line from the foot switch 50 and the voice controller 8 is connected to a signal input unit (not shown) of the 8-bit CPU, and a signal line to each of the drive unit control circuits 22a to 22c is connected to the signal line. It is connected to a signal output unit (not shown) of the bit CPU.

Next, the operation of the surgical microscope configured as described above will be described.

The operator can operate each drive unit of the surgical microscope 1 using either the voice controller 8 or the foot switch 50. That is, the surgeon uses the four push-type switches 51 to 54 and the joystick switch 55 arranged on the foot switch 50 to operate an electric focus adjustment mechanism (not shown) built in the mirror body 2.
An electric zoom mechanism and an XY drive device 41 (not shown) can be controlled. The control of each drive unit by the voice controller 8 is the same as in the first embodiment.

A 4-bit CPU (not shown) built in the interface circuit 56 divides the eight contacts 51 to 55d built in the foot switch 50 into two groups of four contacts and constantly monitors them in chronological order. ing. The 4-bit CPU (not shown) outputs the instruction code (0000) ₂ to the control circuit 57 built in the gantry 3 when none of the eight contacts is operated. However,
() ₂ represents a binary number.

When the operator operates one of the switches provided on the foot switch 50, the signal of the eight contacts (ie, the signal of 8 bits) is encoded into a signal of 4 bits, and the signal of the operator is encoded. It is output to the control circuit 57 as an instruction code corresponding to the operation. By the way, 4
In the 8-bit signal input to the bit CPU, each bit corresponds to ON / OFF of the contacts 51 to 55d of each switch. That is, if the contact corresponding to each bit is on, the bit is 1, and if the contact is off, the bit is 0.

A combination in which an operator operates each switch provided on the foot switch 50. A combination of each contact provided on the foot switch 50 and the 8-bit signal. The 8-bit signal is converted by the 4-bit CPU (not shown). An example of the result of encoding the bit signal is shown below.

No operation (00000000) ₂ ... (0000) _2. Up of electric focus adjustment mechanism (00000001) ₂ ... (0001) _2. Down of electric focus adjustment mechanism (00000010) ₂ ... (0010) _2. Electric zoom mechanism up _(00000100) 2 ... _{(0011) 2-electric} down of the zoom mechanism _(00001000) 2 ... ₍₀₁₀₀₎ 2 of the XY drive apparatus (X +) driving in the direction _(00010000) 2 ... ₍₀₁₀₁₎ 2 XY the drive device (X-) driving in the direction _(00100000) 2 ... ₍₀₁₁₀₎ of 2 · XY drive apparatus (Y +) in the direction the drive _(01000000) 2 ... ₍₀₁₁₁₎ of 2 · XY drive apparatus (Y-) Driving in the direction (10000000) ₂ ... (1000) _2. The (X +) direction of the XY driving device (10010000) ₂ ... (1001) _2. Driving of the XY drive device in the intermediate direction between the (X +) direction and the (Y−) direction (10010000) ₂ ... (1010) ₂ Driving the XY driving device in the intermediate direction between the (X-) direction and the (Y +) direction (011000000) ₂ ... (1011) _2. Moving the XY driving device in the intermediate direction between the (X-) direction and the (Y-) direction. (1100,000) ₂ ... (1100) ₂ As described above, the 4-bit CPU (not shown) converts a total of 12 operation commands, which are combinations of eight contact points, into 4-bit signals. When the operation signal is converted into a 4-bit signal, the operation signal is output from the 4-bit CPU to an 8-bit CPU (not shown) of the control circuit 57 built in the gantry 3.

The 8-bit CPU (not shown) includes a 4-bit CPU (not shown) built in the foot switch 50.
And the respective drive control units (22a to 22a) transmitted from the voice controller 8.
When an operation signal for operating 2c) is input, both signals are converted into the same 8 corresponding one-to-one with the driving direction of each driver.
Convert to a bit signal.

Next, an 8-bit CPU (not shown) takes a logical sum (OR) of operation signals from the foot switch 50 and the voice controller 8 on software and changes the signals into one system signal, thereby changing the drive control units 22a to 22c. Output to

As a result, the operation input for driving the electric focus adjustment mechanism / electric zoom mechanism (not shown) and the XY drive device 41 (not shown) built in the mirror body 2 can be performed by both the voice generated by the operator and the operation of the foot switch 50. Can be done by

As described above, according to this embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the first and second embodiments, a CPU for encoding an operation signal is provided in a foot switch, and a foot switch is provided. Since the encoded signal is transmitted between the switch and the gantry, the number of cables connecting the foot switch and the gantry can be reduced. Therefore, the flexibility of the cable is improved, and the degree of freedom of the orientation of the foot switch is improved, so that the operator can operate the foot switch in a comfortable posture and reduce fatigue. In addition, the addition, reduction, and change of the footswitch function can be easily performed by switching the CPU software.
By registering a plurality of software that can be considered in advance in the memory of the CPU so that the software can be switched by using a dip switch, it is possible to easily add, reduce, or change the function of the foot switch only by operating the dip switch. .

In this embodiment, only the signal transmission between the foot switch and the gantry has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to the signal transmission between the gantry and the mirror. It is clear that it is effective.

[0080]

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a surgical microscope having an electric drive unit for driving a mirror body in at least four directions of front, rear, left and right and input means for inputting operation of the electric drive unit. A detection means for detecting an input direction of the input means, and a control means for controlling a drive direction of the electric drive unit based on a detection result of the detection means and an input state of the input means, so that an operator can perform a mirror body operation. When the operation is input by the input means to move the input means, the input direction is detected by the detection means, and the drive direction of the electric drive unit can be controlled based on the detection result and the input state of the input means, and the input direction can be switched. And can operate the mirror. Therefore, the operation can be performed without being conscious of which direction of the mirror the operator observes.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a surgical microscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a mirror body showing the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary block diagram of an electric system according to the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary block diagram of an electric system according to the embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention and showing a structure for attaching a mirror body of an operating microscope.

FIG. 6 is an exemplary block diagram of an electric system according to the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is an exemplary block diagram of an electric system according to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is an overall configuration diagram of a surgical microscope according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an exemplary perspective view of the foot switch of the embodiment;

FIG. 10 is an exemplary block diagram of an electric system according to the embodiment;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Operating microscope 22c ... Control part 30 ... Mirror 33 ... Voice controller 37 ... Voice detection circuit

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An operating microscope having an electric drive unit for driving a mirror body in at least four directions of front, rear, left and right, and input means for inputting an operation of the electric drive unit, wherein an input direction of the input means is detected. A surgical microscope, comprising: a detection unit; and a control unit that controls a driving direction of the electric drive unit based on a detection result of the detection unit and an input state of an input unit. 2. The operating microscope according to claim 1, wherein said input means is a voice controller.