JP2000156608A - Antenna system and digital television broadcast receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antenna system that can enhance the sufficient performance for vertical polarized plane wave, is mounted on a plane in the vicinity of a body of an automobile or the like or integrated with the vehicle body and made small in size so as to be mounted even at a narrow place. SOLUTION: This antenna system is provided with a plane antenna having one antenna element 154 with at least one bent or curved part and one terminal of which connects to a conductor earth plate 151 and with a cylindrical antenna placed in the vicinity of the lane antenna. A connecting point between the conductor earth plate 151 and the one terminal of the plane antenna is located remote from the cylindrical antenna 152.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention particularly relates to an AM broadcast, an FM broadcast, a T
The present invention relates to an antenna device for a V broadcast, a radio telephone, or the like.

[0002]

[Prior Art] With the progress of the car multimedia age,
In recent years, in automobiles, not only AM / FM radio,
Various wireless devices such as TVs, wireless telephones, and navigation systems have been installed, and the information and services provided by radio waves will continue to increase,
Antennas are likely to become increasingly important.

In general, when an antenna is installed in an automobile or the like, the vehicle body constituting the conductive ground plane affects the antenna performance such as directional gain. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, monopoles, rod antennas, V-dipole antennas, and the like have been used as antennas used in automobiles in consideration of installation on a vehicle body. Most of these antennas are provided with a long rod-shaped antenna element protruding from the vehicle body.

[0004]

However, as described above, an antenna provided with a long rod-shaped antenna element or the like generally used in an automobile protruding from a vehicle body has a sufficient performance against vertical polarization. Not only is it difficult to obtain a good appearance, but also various problems are caused, such as the cause of wind noise, the danger of theft, and the removal during car washing.

The present invention has been made in consideration of such a problem of a conventional antenna, and is resistant to vertical polarization. It is an object of the present invention to provide an antenna device that can be downsized as much as possible.

Further, the present invention provides a digital television broadcast receiving apparatus and a receiving method for improving a reception failure in mobile reception of digital data.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a planar antenna having at least one bent or curved portion and having at least one antenna element having one end connected to a conductive ground plane, and a planar antenna having the same. An antenna device including a cylindrical antenna installed near an antenna, wherein a connection point between a conductive ground plane and one end of a planar antenna is provided on a side far from the cylindrical antenna.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a planar antenna having at least one bent portion or curved portion and having at least one antenna element having one end connected to a conductive ground plane, and a planar antenna installed near the planar antenna. And a connection point between the conductive ground plane and one end of the planar antenna is provided on a side closer to the cylindrical antenna.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cylindrical antenna provided near a conductive base plate, and at least one bent portion or bent portion between the cylindrical antenna and the conductive base plate. Are planar antennas having at least one antenna element connected to a conductive ground plane.

[0010] The present invention according to claim 8 is a planar antenna having at least one bent portion or curved portion and having at least one antenna element having one end connected to a conductive ground plane, and a planar antenna installed near the planar antenna. And a printed antenna in which a polygonal conductor pattern is formed on a printed circuit board.

According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a flat antenna having at least one antenna element having at least one bent portion or curved portion formed on the same substrate and a printed antenna having a polygonal conductor pattern. And a conductor plate to which one end of the antenna element is connected, the conductor plate corresponding to the planar antenna, and an insulating member that insulates the conductor plate from a conductive ground plane larger than the planar antenna and the printed antenna. This is an antenna device in which the plates are integrated and can be rotated in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the conductive ground plane.

According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna device according to any one of the first to twenty-second aspects, wherein the input means converts an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, and a delay for inputting and delaying a signal from the input means. Means, a synthesizing means for synthesizing a signal obtained from the delay means, and a signal obtained from the input means, a receiving means for performing frequency conversion of a signal obtained from the synthesizing means, and Demodulating means for converting the obtained signal into a baseband signal, wherein the delay time in the delay means and the synthesizing rate in the synthesizing means can be arbitrarily set. Device.

According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna device according to any one of the first to twenty-second aspects, wherein the input means converts an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, and a delay for inputting and delaying a signal from the input means. Means, a signal obtained from the delay means, a synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the input means, a receiving means for performing frequency conversion of the signal obtained from the synthesizing means, and Demodulation means for converting the obtained signal into a baseband signal; delay wave estimating means for estimating a delay wave contained in a signal obtained by the input means, which receives a signal indicating a demodulation state obtained from the demodulation means as an input And a synthesizing control means for controlling the synthesizing means and the delay means in accordance with a signal obtained from the delay wave estimating means, and a signal in the synthesizing means in response to a signal from the synthesizing control means. A digital television broadcast receiving apparatus characterized by controlling at least one of the delay time setting in the synthesis rate the delay means.

According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna device according to any one of the first to twenty-second aspects, wherein the input means converts an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, and the receiving means performs frequency conversion of a signal from the input means. A delay means for inputting and delaying a signal from the receiving means, a combining means for combining a signal obtained from the delay means and a signal obtained from the receiving means, and a signal obtained from the combining means. A digital television broadcast receiving apparatus, comprising: demodulation means for converting a signal into a baseband signal, wherein a delay time in the delay means and a combining rate in the combining means can be arbitrarily set.

According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna device according to any one of the first to twenty-second aspects, wherein the input means converts an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, and the receiving means performs frequency conversion of a signal from the input means. A delay means for inputting and delaying a signal from the receiving means, a combining means for combining a signal obtained from the delay means and a signal obtained from the receiving means, and a signal obtained from the combining means. Demodulating means for converting a signal into a baseband signal; delay wave estimating means for receiving a demodulation state signal obtained from the demodulating means and estimating a delayed wave contained in a signal obtained by the input means; A combination control unit that controls the combination unit and the delay unit according to a signal obtained from the estimation unit,
A digital television broadcast receiving apparatus characterized in that at least one of a synthesizing rate of a signal by the synthesizing unit and a delay time setting by the delay unit is controlled in accordance with a signal from the synthesizing control unit.

According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna device according to any one of the first to twenty-second aspects, wherein the input means converts an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal, and a reception which performs frequency conversion of a signal obtained from the input means. Means, a demodulating means for converting a signal from the receiving means into a baseband signal, and a delay for estimating a delayed wave included in a signal obtained by the input means with information on a demodulation state obtained by the demodulating means as an input. A wave estimating means, and a demodulation control means for controlling the demodulation means based on the delayed wave information from the delayed wave estimation means, and a transmission handled by the demodulation means based on a control signal obtained by the demodulation control means. A digital television broadcast receiver characterized by controlling a function.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing an embodiment.

First, the principle of the present embodiment will be described. As described in the section of the related art, when the conventional antenna is installed close to the conductive ground plane, the body serving as the conductive ground plane affects the antenna performance such as directional gain, as in a monopole antenna. Effect. The present invention is a combination of a cylindrical antenna and a planar antenna, or a combination of planar antennas, by utilizing the effect of the conductive ground plane on the antenna in reverse, the directivity becomes non-directional, the directional gain is improved, An object of the present invention is to realize an antenna with high selectivity. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing an antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. That is, FIG.
Monopole antenna 1 which is a cylindrical antenna near 1
The antenna element 154 having two bent portions is disposed on the feeder 153 side of the monopole antenna 152 by connecting the antenna plane to the conductive base plate 15.
1 and the antenna element 1
54 is an antenna device in which one end of the antenna element 154 is connected to a conductive ground plane 151 on a side far from the monopole antenna 152, and a feeder 155 of the antenna element 154 is connected to the monopole antenna 15.
2 independently taken out of the power feeding section 153.

In FIG. 1, the conductive ground plane 151 is for a monopole antenna, and is used as a ground plane for an antenna element 154 which is a planar antenna. The monopole antenna 152 can be applied to both vertical and horizontal polarizations, but with a slightly lower gain. On the other hand, the antenna element 154, which is a planar antenna, has high performance against vertical polarization. Therefore, the feeder 15 of each antenna
Connect diver automatic changeover switch to 3,155
If the receiving antenna is switched so that the maximum gain is obtained according to the state of the radio wave, an antenna device that can receive horizontal polarized waves but is resistant to vertical polarized waves can be realized.

FIG. 2 shows an antenna device having the above configuration.
The planar antenna is divided into two antenna elements 25 of different wavelengths.
4, 255, and each feeder of the two antenna elements 254, 255 is connected to a reactance 2
It is connected to the unified power supply unit 258 via 56 and 257. According to this configuration, a wider band can be achieved, and a higher gain can be achieved by using two antenna elements having the same wavelength. (Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view showing an antenna apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. That is, FIG.
1, a monopole antenna 352 is arranged at a predetermined angle to be inclined, and an antenna element 356 having two bent portions on the side of the feeding portion 353 of the monopole antenna 352.
Are arranged close to each other so that the antenna plane is parallel to the conductive ground plane 351, and one end of the antenna element 356 is connected to the conductive ground plane 351 on the side far from the monopole antenna 352. Feeder 357 and feeder 35 of monopole antenna 352
3 is shared by the mixer 354 in one power supply unit 355.

According to the antenna apparatus of the present embodiment, the monopole antenna 352 capable of obtaining a gain for both vertical and horizontal polarizations and the antenna element 356 resistant to vertical polarization are used in combination. In addition, it is possible to realize an antenna device that can receive horizontal polarization and is strong against vertical polarization.

FIG. 4 shows an antenna device having the above configuration.
The planar antenna is connected to two antenna elements 45 of different wavelengths.
6 and 457, and the feed portions of the two antenna elements 456 and 457 are connected to the reactance 4.
58, 459. According to this configuration, a wider band can be achieved, and a higher gain can be achieved by using two antenna elements having the same wavelength. (Embodiment 3) FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view showing an antenna device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. That is, FIG.
1, a monopole antenna 552 is arranged at a predetermined angle to be inclined, and an antenna element 554 having two bent portions on the feeder 553 side of the monopole antenna 552.
Is arranged close to the antenna plane so that the antenna plane is parallel to the conductive ground plane 551, and one end of the antenna element 554 is connected to the conductive ground plane 551 on the side close to the monopole antenna 552. Part 5
55 is taken out independently of the power supply section 553 of the monopole antenna 552.

In FIG. 5, the ground side of the antenna element 554 has a small electric field.
By approaching 2, the mutual interference between the antennas is reduced.

FIG. 6 shows an antenna device having the above configuration.
The planar antenna is divided into two antenna elements 65 of different wavelengths.
4,655, and each feeder of the two antenna elements 654, 655 is connected to a reactance 6
It is connected to the unified power supply unit 658 via 56,657. According to this configuration, a wider band can be achieved, and a higher gain can be achieved by using two antenna elements having the same wavelength. (Embodiment 4) FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view showing an antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. That is, FIG.
1, a monopole antenna is rotatably connected to the support section 754 so as to be able to rotate vertically and horizontally.
4 is an antenna device in which an antenna element 757 which is a planar antenna is arranged in the vicinity of the antenna element 4. The monopole antenna is configured so that a rod-shaped member 753 can be inserted into and taken out of the cylindrical member 752 so that the monopole antenna can be extended and contracted, and a feeder 756 is provided at the base of the monopole antenna. A feeder 758 is provided in the middle of the antenna element 757, and one end of the antenna element 757 is connected to the conductive ground plane 751. With this configuration, when the antenna is not used, the size of the antenna can be reduced by folding the monopole antenna as shown by a two-dot chain line in the figure.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example in which an antenna element 857 which is a planar antenna is arranged by utilizing a space between a folded monopole antenna and a conductive ground plane 851. Then, the size can be further reduced as compared with the configuration of FIG. However, in this case, the mutual interference between the antennas becomes larger than in the case described above. (Embodiment 5) FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view showing an antenna device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. That is, FIG.
Zigzag-shaped conductor pattern 953 formed on contact 52
(Hereinafter, referred to as a printed antenna) is disposed in parallel with the conductive ground plane 951, and an antenna element 955 as a planar antenna is disposed near the printed antenna. One end of the conductor pattern 953 of the printed antenna is connected to the power supply unit 954, and one end of the antenna element 955 is connected to the conductor ground plate 951. In the middle of the antenna element 955, the feeder 95
6 are connected.

As described above, in this embodiment, a planar antenna is used as a print antenna. However, a three-dimensional antenna in which a planar antenna is bent or curved may be used. For example, FIG. L-shape, U-shape,
An antenna having a shape such as a square tube or a cylindrical shape may be used. Further, the conductor pattern 953 is not limited to the one shown in FIG.
52 may be formed on the printed circuit board 1151. still,
Conductor pattern 1152 shown in lower two figures
The portion 1153 provided at one end is the top loading of the antenna. (Embodiment 6) FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view showing an antenna apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. FIG. 12 shows an antenna device in which a cylindrical antenna is used as the print antenna according to the fifth embodiment, and a support member 1252 is provided therein. That is, a printed antenna 1253 having a support member 1252 as a core is arranged in the vicinity of the conductive ground plate 1251, and an antenna element 1255 having two bent portions is connected to the feeder 1254 side of the printed antenna 1253 by connecting the antenna plane to a conductor. The antenna element 1255 is disposed close to and parallel to the base plate 1251, and one end of the antenna element 1255 is connected to the printed antenna 1253.
This is an antenna device connected to the conductive ground plane 1251 on the side farther from the power supply unit 1256, in which the power supply unit 1256 of the antenna element 1255 is independently taken out from the power supply unit 1254 of the printed antenna 1253. (Seventh Embodiment) FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view showing an antenna device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. That is, FIG. 13 shows that the support member 1355 provided on the conductive base plate 1351
An antenna device in which a printed antenna 1353 having a core 52 as a core is rotatably connected up and down and left and right, and an antenna element 1357 which is a planar antenna is disposed near a support 1355. A feeder 1358 is provided in the middle of the antenna element 1357,
One end of 57 is connected to conductive base plate 1351. With this configuration, when the antenna is not used, if the antenna is folded so as to be parallel to the conductive ground plane 1351, the antenna can be downsized.

FIG. 14 shows a configuration in which the conductive base plate of the above-described antenna device can be separated into a conductive base plate 1451 for a printed antenna 1455 and a conductive base plate 1452 for an antenna element 1458. According to this, the interval between both antennas can be adjusted, so that an optimal arrangement can be obtained.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which, in the configuration of FIG. 13, an antenna element 1557 which is a planar antenna is disposed by utilizing a space between a printed antenna 1553 in a folded state and a conductive base plate 1551. Yes, with this configuration, the size can be further reduced as compared with the configuration of FIG. Here, a shield 1559 is provided around the antenna element 1557 in order to prevent mutual interference between the antennas from increasing. (Eighth Embodiment) FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. The antenna device according to the present embodiment
The antenna element 16 which is a planar antenna in the configuration of FIG.
56 is also formed on the printed circuit board 1655.
That is, a printed antenna composed of a zigzag-shaped conductor pattern 1653 formed on a printed board 1652 is arranged in parallel with a conductor ground plate 1651, and an antenna element formed on another printed board 1655 in the vicinity of the printed antenna. This is an antenna device in which 1656 is arranged. Printed conductor conductive pattern 165
3 is connected to the feeder 1654, and the antenna element 1
One end of 656 penetrates printed circuit board 1655 and is connected to conductive base plate 1651. Also, the antenna element 1
A power supply unit 1657 is connected in the middle of 656.

FIG. 17 shows a structure in which the conductor pattern 1753 of the printed antenna and the antenna element 1755 which is a planar antenna are connected to one printed circuit board 1755 in the above configuration.
This is an example in which the antennas are formed above, and the interval between the two antennas cannot be adjusted later, but since both antenna patterns are formed on one substrate, the manufacture becomes easy.

FIG. 18 shows the configuration of FIG. 17 in which the print antenna side has a U-shaped three-dimensional shape.
The printed board 1852 is a printed antenna unit board 18.
52b and the planar antenna substrate 1852a. The shape of the printed antenna unit substrate may be, for example, the one shown in FIG. 19 as in the fifth embodiment, in addition to FIG.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the configuration of FIG.
The antenna device has a configuration in which the printed board 2052 can be rotated vertically by a flexible portion 2057 and the printed antenna board portion 2052b can be vertically turned with respect to the planar antenna board portion 2052a. (Embodiment 9) FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view showing an antenna apparatus according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view and a plan view thereof. The antenna device according to the present embodiment
A conductor pattern 2153 is formed as a printed antenna on one printed circuit board 2152, an antenna element 2155 is formed as a planar antenna in close proximity to the conductor pattern 2153, and a conductor plate serving as a ground plane for the antenna element 2155. 2158 is provided via an insulating support member 2157, and one end of the antenna element 2155 is connected to the conductor plate 2158.
It is the structure connected to. Further, the whole antenna is supported by a support portion 2160 via an insulating plate 2159 so as to be rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the antenna surface with respect to a conductor ground plate 2151 having another large area.

In the above embodiment, examples of the antenna combined with the planar antenna are shown, but the shape and pattern of the antenna combined with the planar antenna are shown in FIG.
Needless to say, those shown in 0, 11, 19, and the like, or another one may be used.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which one or two U-shaped antenna elements are used as the planar antenna, but the shape and the number of the antenna elements are not limited thereto. is not. Hereinafter, various examples of an antenna that can be used as a planar antenna will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 22A shows an example of one antenna element 201 shown in the above embodiment, and FIG.
The antenna element 204 is composed of a linear conductor having four bent portions, a feeding terminal 202 is provided at a predetermined position of the antenna element 204, and one end 203 is connected to a conductor ground plate 205.
Grounded. In such an antenna, the installation area can be reduced because the antenna element is bent.

FIG. 99 shows a specific example of the antenna shown in FIG.
Shown in In FIG. 99, the antenna element 8501 of the linear conductor bent at two places is arranged with the antenna planes substantially parallel to each other at a predetermined interval on the conductive base plate 8504,
One end of antenna element 8501 is connected to conductive ground plate 8504.
Conductive plate 850 for antenna grounding provided substantially vertically
3 is connected to the end. Here, the antenna element 8
The area of the plane formed by 501 and the area of conductive ground plate 8504 are almost equal. In addition, a power feeding portion 8502 is provided in the middle of the antenna element 8501.

The conductive plate 8503 has a width sufficiently larger than the width of the antenna element 8501, that is, the antenna element 850.
The width is such that the effect of the reactance determined by the tuning frequency of 1 is not practical. Therefore, it acts as an earth. If the width is small, it is combined with the antenna element 8501 to form an antenna element as a whole, which is different from that of the present invention. When the wavelength of the antenna element 8501 is, for example, 940 mm, the total length of the element is 220 mm and the width is 2 mm, so that the antenna element 8501 can be made compact. Here, the antenna plane and the surface of the conductive ground plane may be inclined as long as an effective potential difference is generated between the antenna element and the ground plane. When the area of the conductive ground plane is larger than the area of the antenna plane (for example, four times), the gain is the same for vertically polarized waves, and the gain decreases for horizontally polarized waves.

The difference between the antenna of the present embodiment and the conventional antenna is as follows.
Performance decreases when the antenna element is brought closer to the ground plane,
On the contrary, the performance of the antenna device of the present invention is improved.

FIG. 100 shows the impedance characteristics and VSWR characteristics of the antenna of FIG. FIG. 101 shows the directivity gain characteristics. As shown in FIG.
Antennas exhibit a substantially circular directivity for vertically polarized waves.

The shape and the number of antenna elements are as follows.
It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to this example.

It is more desirable that the distance between the conductor ground plane and the antenna element be 1/40 or more of the wavelength.

FIG. 23A shows that the antenna element 401 is
This is an antenna in which a dipole antenna is formed by a linear conductor having bent portions, a feeder terminal 402 is provided at a predetermined position of an antenna element 401, and one end 403 is grounded to a conductor base plate 405. FIG. 23 (b) shows an antenna in which a dipole antenna is formed of a linear conductor having eight bent portions for an antenna element 404, a feeding terminal 402 is provided at a predetermined position of the antenna element 404, and one end 403 is grounded. It is. Since the antenna having such a configuration is bent so as to involve the antenna element of the dipole antenna, the installation area can be reduced.

FIG. 24A has two bent portions,
Three monopole antenna elements 601 having different element lengths
a, 601b, 601c are arranged on the same plane, between the taps of the antenna elements 601a, 601b, 601c and the feed terminal 603, and between the feed terminal 603 and the ground terminal 605.
And reactance elements 602a, 602b, 602c, 604 to adjust the impedance, respectively.
Are connected. FIG. 24 (b)
Is the antenna element 60 of the antenna shown in FIG.
1a, 601b and 601c are changed to antenna elements 606a, 606b and 606c having four bent portions.

In the above configuration, by setting the tuning frequency of each antenna element at predetermined intervals, an antenna device having a desired frequency band can be realized. FIG. 86 is a diagram showing a combined band in a case where the number of antenna elements is seven. The bandwidth of one antenna element is narrow, but by combining the antenna elements, a wide frequency characteristic can be provided.

A specific example of the band synthesis is shown by the VSWR characteristics shown in FIGS. That is, this is an example in which four antenna elements having different tuning frequencies are used. The tuning frequencies are 196.5 MHz (FIG. 102), respectively.
198.75 MHz (FIG. 103), 200.5 MHz
(FIG. 104) and 203.75 MHz (FIG. 105). FIG. 106 is a VSWR characteristic diagram when these antenna elements are band-combined, and it can be seen that the band is broadened. FIG. 107 is a view when the range on the vertical axis is widened (5 times).

FIG. 25A shows an antenna having the same configuration as that of FIG.
In this configuration, reactance elements 808a and 808b for band synthesis are provided between 801b and 801c. FIG. 25
FIG. 24B shows an antenna having the same configuration as that of FIG.
Reactance elements 808a, 808b for band synthesis between
Is provided. 24A and 24B, each reactance element 602a, 602b, 602c
Used the function of band synthesis, but in this example, the configuration of the band synthesis function was separated, so that the impedance adjustment and the adjustment of the band synthesis were easily performed.

FIG. 26 (a) has four bends,
Three dipole antenna elements 100 having different element lengths
1, 1002, 1003 on the same plane, between the taps of the antenna elements 1001, 1002, 1003 and the feed terminal 1008, and between the feed terminal 1008 and the ground terminal 1
010 and reactance elements 1004, 1005, 1006 to adjust the impedance, respectively.
1009 is an antenna having a configuration connected thereto. FIG. 26
(B) is obtained by changing the antenna elements 1001, 1002, and 1003 of the antenna shown in FIG. 26A to antenna elements 1011, 1012, and 1013 having eight bent portions.

In the above configuration, an antenna device having a desired frequency band can be realized by setting the tuning frequency of each antenna element at a predetermined interval.

FIG. 27A shows an antenna having the same configuration as that of FIG.
In this configuration, reactance elements 1214, 1215, 1216, and 1217 for band synthesis are provided in two places between 1, 1202, and 1203. FIG. 27B shows an antenna having the same configuration as that of FIG. 26B described above, and reactance elements 1214, 1215, 121 for band synthesis between the antenna elements 1211, 1212, and 1213.
6, 1217 are provided in two places. FIG.
6A and 6B, each reactance element 1
Although 004, 1005, and 1006 also serve the function of band synthesis, in this example, the configuration of the band synthesis function is separated, so that impedance adjustment and band synthesis adjustment can be easily performed.

FIG. 28A shows antenna elements 1301 and 130 of three dipole antennas having different element lengths.
Reference numeral 21303 denotes an antenna formed on a printed circuit board 1304. FIG. 28 (b) is the same as FIG.
In the antenna having the same configuration as that of the printed circuit board 1304,
This is an antenna in which a conductive ground plane 1308 is formed on the surface opposite to the antenna element 1320. Thus, using the printed circuit board, the antenna elements 1301, 130
2, 1303 (1305, 1306, 1307) and the conductive base plate 1308 are formed, the space of the antenna can be saved, and the fabrication is simple.
Also, the reliability and stability of the performance are improved.

FIG. 29A shows antenna elements 1401 and 140 of three dipole antennas having different element lengths.
2, 1403 are formed on a printed circuit board 1404, and two conductors 1405 are formed on the surface of the printed circuit board 1404 opposite to the surface on which the antenna element 1410 is provided, in a direction intersecting the antenna element. is there. FIG. 29B illustrates an antenna having the same configuration as that of FIG. 29A except that a conductive ground plane 1406 is arranged close to the antenna element 1410. This conductive ground plane 1406 may be formed on a printed circuit board using a multilayer printed circuit board. According to the above configuration, it is easy to manufacture an element for band synthesis.

FIG. 30 shows antenna elements 1501 and 150
2, 1503 in a conductive ground plane 1504
5 is an antenna configured to be housed in the antenna 5. With this configuration, projection from the vehicle body such as an automobile is eliminated, and the directivity gain performance can be improved by the interaction between the peripheral end of the antenna element 1510 and the conductive ground plane 1504.

The antenna shown in FIG. 31A is an antenna 1 composed of antenna elements 1601, 1602 and 1603.
610 and antenna 1620 composed of antenna elements 1606, 1607 and 1608 are arranged in the same plane,
In addition, the antenna is configured to be housed in a concave portion 1605 provided in the conductive base plate 1604. Here, the antenna 161
Although the antenna 020 and the antenna 1620 are composed of antennas having different sizes and shapes, they may have the same size and shape.
Note that the antennas are arranged so that the respective feeding units are close to each other. FIG. 31B is a diagram illustrating an example in which a similar antenna is arranged close to a planar conductive ground plane 1609.

The antenna shown in FIG. 32A has an upper antenna 1710 and an lower antenna 1720 composed of antenna elements 1701, 1702, and 1703 arranged vertically, and a concave portion 1705 provided on a conductive ground plane 1704. This is an antenna device configured to be housed inside. Here, the antenna 1710 and the antenna 1720 have the same size and shape, but may be different. FIG. 32
(B) shows a similar antenna with a planar conductor ground plane 170;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example in which the device is disposed in proximity to No. 6; When the size of each antenna element is the same, the tuning frequencies are all the same. Therefore, the bandwidth of the entire antenna device is the same as that of a single element, but the gain of each antenna element is accumulated as compared with the case of a single antenna element as shown in FIG. The gain of the entire antenna device is increased, and an antenna with high gain and high selectivity can be realized.

In the antenna shown in FIG. 33A, three antennas 1801, 1802, and 1803 each including a plurality of dipole-type antenna elements each having a bent portion are formed using a multilayer printed circuit board 1806, which is electrically conductive. This is an antenna device configured to be housed in a concave portion 1805 provided in a body base plate 1804. Here, three antennas 180
1, 1802 and 1803 have the same size and shape, but they may be different. Although three antennas are used, four or more antennas may be formed in layers. FIG. 33 (b)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example in which a similar antenna is arranged close to a planar conductive ground plane 1807. As described above, if a plurality of antennas are stacked using a multilayer printed circuit board, an antenna having high gain and high selectivity can be easily obtained.

FIG. 34 (a) shows two linear conductors 190 whose bending directions are opposite to each other when viewed from the feeding point 1901.
FIG. 34 (b) shows one having two linear conductors 1904 and 1905 whose bending directions are the same as viewed from the feeding point 1901. With this shape, miniaturization on a plane is possible, and in addition, omnidirectionality can be realized.

FIG. 35 (a) shows a state in which the power supply unit 2001
The length from the first bending point P to the second bending point Q is
10 shows an antenna having an antenna element 2002 that is relatively longer than the length of the antenna element 2002. FIG. 35B shows an antenna device having an antenna element 2002 in which the length from the feeding portion 2001 to the first bending point P is relatively shorter than the length from the first bending point P to the second bending point Q. Is shown.
With the above configuration, it can be installed even in a long and narrow place.

In the above configuration, two linear conductors are shown for the power supply portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one linear conductor may be used. Also, the number of bent portions is not limited to these. Also, two linear conductors are shown for the power supply unit, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one linear conductor may be used. Also, the number of bent portions is not limited to these.

Further, in the above structure, the linear conductor is shown as being bent, but it may be curved or spiral. For example, as shown in FIG.
In view of this, a configuration having two linear conductors 2102 and 2103 having curved portions whose bending directions are opposite to each other, or 2 having a curved portion having the same curved direction as viewed from the power supply portion 2101.
A configuration having two linear conductors 2104 and 2105 may be used. Further, as shown in FIG.
As seen from 101, the spiral direction of the winding direction is 2
A configuration with two linear conductors 2106, 2107,
Alternatively, two spiral linear conductors 2108 and 2109 having the same winding direction as viewed from the power supply unit 2101
May be provided.

When these antennas are manufactured, the antenna element may be formed by processing a metal member, but may be formed on a substrate using printed wiring. The use of printed wiring greatly simplifies the fabrication of the antenna, and can be expected to reduce costs, reduce size, and improve reliability.

The antenna shown in FIG. 37 is arranged close to the conductive ground plane, and has a configuration in which the ground terminal of the antenna is connected to the ground plane. For example, as shown in FIG.
The antenna element 2201 is arranged close to the ground plane 2204, and its ground terminal 2203 is connected to the ground plane 2204. In this antenna device, the power supply terminal 2202 is provided at a position penetrating the conductive base plate 2204.
With the above configuration, desired impedance characteristics and directivity can be obtained.

FIG. 37B shows a configuration in which a switching element is provided between the ground terminal of the antenna and the conductive ground plane. As shown in FIG.
The switching element 2205 is provided between the ground terminal 2203 and the conductive ground plane 2204, and a state in which optimal radio wave propagation is obtained can be selected depending on whether or not the switching element 2205 is connected. In this case, the switching element 2
205 may be configured to be remotely controllable, and may be controlled according to the radio wave reception state. Here, the ground terminal 220
When 3 is connected, the antenna becomes a vertically polarized antenna, and when not connected, it becomes a horizontally polarized antenna.

In FIG. 37B, the power supply terminal 22
38, the power supply terminal 2302 and the ground terminal 2303 are connected to the conductor base plate 2304 as shown in FIG. 38, for example.
It does not matter if it does not penetrate.

FIG. 39 shows the positional relationship between the conductive ground plane and the antenna in the above configuration example. FIG.
As shown in (a), the plane of the conductor ground plane 2402 and the plane of the antenna 2401 are arranged in parallel with a distance h. In this case, by controlling the distance h, the directivity of the antenna 2401 can be changed in a desired direction. When the antenna 2401 and the conductive ground plane 2402 approach each other, the tuning frequency increases, and when they separate, the tuning frequency decreases. Therefore, the distance h may be controlled in accordance with the reception state of propagation. The control of the distance h is performed by, for example, the antenna 2401
May be moved in a direction perpendicular to the antenna plane using a feed mechanism, a slide mechanism, or the like (not shown), or an insulator spacer (not shown) between the antenna 2401 and the conductive base plate 2402 May be inserted, and the spacer may be moved in a direction parallel to the antenna plane to adjust the amount of insertion of the spacer. Here, the size of the spacer may be determined in order to obtain desired antenna performance when the antenna is manufactured. Note that a low dielectric constant material such as styrene foam can be used for the spacer between the ground plate and the antenna.

As shown in FIG. 39 (b), three-dimensional arrangement may be made so as to have a predetermined angle θ (in this case, 90 °) between the plane of the conductive ground plane 2402 and the plane of the antenna 2403. The directivity of the antenna 2403 can be controlled by adjusting the predetermined angle θ using a hinge mechanism or the like.

The number of antenna elements may be two or more. Further, although the ground plane is formed by a single conductor, for example, a car body of an automobile or the like can be used as the ground plane. (Embodiment 9) FIG. 40A shows an example in which a plurality of antenna elements 2501, 2502, and 2503 are fed into a single power supply, and an antenna element group forms one antenna. For example, since each of the plurality of antenna elements covers a different frequency band, a broadband antenna that covers a desired frequency band as a whole can be realized. In particular, FIG.
In the case of the arrangement shown in FIG.
Since the element length of the antenna 501 is longer than the element length of the inner antenna 2503, it is easy to set the antenna 2501 having a long element length to a relatively low tuning frequency and the short antenna 2503 to a relatively high tuning frequency. As a result, an antenna covering a wide band can be configured. Also, FIG.
As shown in (b), the antenna elements share the antenna plane, but may be arranged so as not to enter each other. Further, when the bands covered by each of the plurality of antenna elements are the same, the antenna efficiency can be increased.

In order to obtain the isolation between the individual antenna elements, the distance between each antenna element is
The antennas may be arranged with an interval to obtain a predetermined isolation, or an isolator or a reflector may be connected to each antenna element. In the above configuration example, the number of antenna elements is two or three, but the number of antenna elements may be two or more, and is not limited to this.

The antenna shown in FIG. 41A has antenna elements 2601, 602, 2603 or 2604, 26
05, 2606 are arranged so as to be layered in a direction perpendicular to the reference plane. Note that the arrangement state of the antenna elements on the projection plane may be entirely overlapping as shown in the left diagram, may be partially overlapping as shown in the right diagram, or may be further apart. FIG.
(B) shows an application example of such an antenna, and is a partially cut-away view showing antennas 2611 and 2612 formed using printed wiring on a multilayer printed circuit board 2609. This shows a partially overlapping state. Coupling of both elements at predetermined positions can be achieved by passing a conductor through the through hole 2610.

FIG. 42 (a) shows an example of a feeding section of an antenna in which a plurality of antenna element groups are fed as a single feed. As shown in FIG. 42 (a), each antenna element 27
Tap 270 at a predetermined position of 01,2702,2703
4, 2705, and 2706, and these are connected to the power supply terminal 2
707. Here, the direction of tapping is the same direction for all antenna elements, but may be set arbitrarily for each antenna element.

FIG. 42B shows an antenna in which the electrodes from the power supply terminal to the tap position of each antenna element are shared. As shown in FIG.
Tap 270 at a predetermined position of 701, 270, 2703
4, 2705 and 2706 are formed, and the electrode 2708 from the tap position to the power supply terminal 2707 is common. This not only simplifies the configuration, but also allows the space saving to be achieved by arranging the electrode 2708 in parallel with the outermost antenna element 2701, for example.

FIG. 43 shows an antenna in which each antenna element is tapped via a reactance element. As shown in FIG. 43 (a), each of the antenna elements 2801, 2802, and 2803 is separately supplied to the power supply terminal 28 via the reactance elements 2804, 2805, and 2806.
07, or as shown in FIG.
Common electrode 280 between power supply terminal 2807 and tap position
8, a reactance element 2809 may be provided. In this case, a reactance element may be provided between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal as shown in FIG. 26 described above. Thus, by using an appropriate reactance element, it is possible to obtain a desired impedance, band, and maximum efficiency. The reactance element may be adjusted using a variable reactance element.

FIG. 44 shows a plurality of antenna elements 2901,
The antennas 2902 and 2903 are fed into a single power supply from a power supply terminal 2907 disposed through the conductor ground plane 2909, and one antenna is formed by a group of antenna elements. are doing.
With the above configuration, small and flat on the plane near the conductor ground plane
High gain antenna can be installed.

In the antenna shown in FIG. 45A, the tuning frequency is controlled by setting the distance between the opposing portions 3001 and 3002 on the open terminal side of the antenna element to a predetermined distance and controlling the coupling between them. .

Regarding the setting of the coupling between the opposing portions 3001 and 3002 on the open terminal side of the antenna element,
A dielectric 3003 may be provided as shown in FIG. 45 (b), or both may be connected via a reactance element 3004 as shown in FIG. 45 (c). At this time, the coupling may be controlled with the dielectric 3003 being movable, or the coupling may be controlled with the reactance element 3004 as a variable reactance. In this example, the number of antenna elements is one, but the number of antenna elements may be two or more.

The antenna shown in FIG. 46A has an open terminal side 3101 and 3102 of the antenna element and a neutral point 310
3 or opposing portions 3111 and 311 near the neutral point
The tuning frequency is controlled by setting the distance between the two to a predetermined distance. Further, regarding the setting of the coupling between the open terminal side of the antenna element and the neutral point or an opposing portion near the neutral point, as shown in FIGS. 46 (b) and (c),
A dielectric 3104 may be provided, or both may be connected via a reactance element 3105 or 3106. At this time, the coupling may be controlled by making the dielectric 3104 movable, or the reactance element 3101,
The configuration may be such that coupling is controlled by using 3102 as a variable reactance. Also in this example, the number of antenna elements is 1
Although two antenna elements are shown, the number of antenna elements may be two or more.

The antenna shown in FIG.
3 have linear conductors 3201 and 3202 at both poles, respectively, and a ground terminal 3206
Is configured such that a tap 3204 is formed from a predetermined position of a linear conductor (here, 3202) to take out a power supply terminal 3205. Further, as shown in FIG. 47B, a tap 3204 may be formed from a predetermined position of the coil 3203, and the power supply terminal 3205 may be taken out. With this configuration,
The tuning frequency of the antenna can be adjusted according to the number of turns of the coil, and further, downsizing and a wide band can be realized.

The antenna shown in FIG.
7, a plurality of linear conductors 3301 and 330
23303, 3304, 3305, 3306,
From the neutral point 3310 of the coil 3307 to the ground terminal 331
1 with each linear conductor (here, 3304, 3305,
A tap 3308 is formed from a predetermined position 3306) to take out the power supply terminal 3309. Further, as shown in FIG. 48B, a tap 3312 may be formed from a predetermined position of the coil 3307, and the power supply terminal 3309 may be taken out. Although the number of linear conductors on one side is three here, the number is not limited to three as long as it is two or more.

In the above-described example, the linear conductor serving as the antenna element has only a linear shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

The antenna shown in FIG.
401,3402,3403 and 3404,3405,
Electrodes 3407 and 3408, which share 3406, and power supply 3411 are connected via coils 3409, 3410. With the above configuration, the tuning frequency of the antenna can be adjusted by the number of turns of the coil, and furthermore, downsizing and a wide band can be realized.

The antenna shown in FIG.
01, 3502, a diver change-over switch 350 connected to the feeder with the antenna that provides the best radio wave propagation.
3 is selected. Here, the number of antennas is not limited to two as in the present configuration example, but is three.
The number may be more than one. Also, the type of antenna is not limited to the antenna having the shape shown in FIG. 50, and may be other types of antennas described in the above configuration example, different types of antennas, or the like.

In the control for selecting the optimum antenna from a plurality of antennas, control for selecting the antenna with the maximum input to the receiver may be performed. Further, control for selecting an antenna having the minimum multipath interference level may be performed.

A balanced-unbalanced converter, a mode converter, and the like are provided in each of the antenna element feeding sections of the above configuration examples or the feeding section of an antenna in which a plurality of antenna element groups are unitarily fed.
Alternatively, an impedance converter may be connected.

FIG. 51A shows a monopole-type broadband antenna, in which a main antenna element 4202 having one end connected to the ground 4204 and a main antenna element 4202 are shown.
202, the antenna element 4202
This antenna has an element length longer than that of the antenna element 4201 and the antenna element 4203 whose both ends are not grounded, and has an element length shorter than that of the antenna element 4202 and neither end is grounded. Main antenna element 420
2 is provided with a tap and is connected to a feeding point 4206 through a reactance element 4205 for impedance adjustment. FIG. 51 (b) is the same as FIG.
Antenna elements 4201, 4202, 420
3 is formed on a printed circuit board 4207 using printed wiring.

FIG. 52A shows a dipole type broadband antenna, in which a main antenna element 4302 whose center is connected to ground 4304 and an antenna element 430 arranged close to the main antenna element 4302.
2 is an antenna device composed of an antenna element 4301 having an element length longer than that of the antenna element 4301 and an antenna element 4303 having a shorter element length than the antenna element 4302 which is not grounded at all. Main antenna element 43
02 is provided with a tap and connected to a feeding point 4306 through a reactance element 4305 for impedance adjustment. FIG. 52 (b) is the same as FIG.
The antenna elements 4301 and 430 of the antenna device of FIG.
2, 4303 are formed on a printed circuit board 4307 using printed wiring.

With this configuration, it is possible to achieve a wide band, a high gain, and easy adjustment with a simple configuration. In the above configuration example, the antenna element shorter and the antenna element longer than the main antenna element arranged close to the main antenna element are each configured by one. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The configuration may be as follows.

FIG. 53A shows the antenna elements 4401,
Conductive ground plane 440 arranged close to 4402 and 4403
4 is substantially equal to or smaller than the size of the outermost antenna element 4401. According to such a configuration, the horizontal polarization gain can be improved as compared with the case where the conductive ground plane is larger than the antenna element.

FIG. 53 (b) is the same as FIG.
In this example, the antenna is stored in a concave portion provided in a mobile body, a communication device case, a house wall, another device case, or the like, and an antenna ground (conductive ground plate) 4404 is not connected to the case ground. It was done. With this configuration, a high gain can be obtained for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. FIG. 108 shows the directivity gain characteristics of this antenna for vertically polarized waves. The installation distance (that is, the separation distance) between the antenna ground and the case ground is 10 mm for (a), 30 mm for (b), and (c)
Is 80 mm and (d) is 150 mm, and the shorter the installation distance, the higher the gain. That is, the closer the antenna ground and the case ground are, the better the performance is. Further, in this example, in order to prevent the antenna from protruding from the outer case, the antenna ground 4404 is housed in a concave portion provided in a mobile body, a communication device case, a house wall, another device case, or the like. Even if the antenna is installed close to a flat surface of the case ground with a certain installation distance, the effect as an antenna is the same, and this case is also included in the present invention.

In the present embodiment, a configuration using a balanced type antenna element is used. However, a configuration using an unbalanced antenna element has the same effect.

FIG. 54 shows an example of how close the conductive ground plane should be to the antenna element when it is arranged close to the antenna element. FIG. Is the case. That is, the antenna element 45
01 (more precisely, the antenna ground connection part) and the conductive ground plane 4
502 with respect to the wavelength λ at the resonance frequency f of the antenna is 0.01 to 0.25 times (ie,
0.01λ to 0.25λ). With this configuration, it is possible to increase the gain and facilitate the adjustment.

FIG. 54 (b) shows that the number of antenna elements is four.
Antenna elements 4503, 4504, 4
505 and 4506 are arranged at different distances from the conductive base plate 4507, respectively. As shown in FIG.
If the element lengths are different, the shorter the element length, the higher the resonance frequency of the antenna element and the shorter the wavelength. Therefore, the distance h of the antenna element 4506 having the shortest element length is obtained.
1 is set to be the smallest, the distance h2 between the antenna elements 4503 having the longest element length is set to be the longest, and the distance between the intermediate antenna elements 4504 and 4505 is set according to the wavelength at the resonance frequency of each antenna element. Just do it. In that case, each antenna element 4503, 45
04, 4505, 4506 and the conductor ground plane 4507 are 0.01 to 0.25 times (ie, 0.01 λ to 0) times the respective wavelengths at the resonance frequency of each antenna element as described above. .25λ).

FIG. 55 shows that a high dielectric constant material is provided between an antenna element 4601 and a conductive ground plane 4602. Therefore,
Among the above-described antenna examples, the present invention is applicable to those having a configuration in which a conductive ground plane is arranged close to an antenna element.
Here, by providing a high dielectric constant material between the antenna element and the conductive ground plane, the distance between the antenna element and the conductive ground plane can be equivalently reduced.

FIG. 56 (a) shows that three element antennas 5002 are arranged at predetermined intervals in parallel with a conductive ground plane 5001,
The ground end of the antenna 5002 is connected to the conductive ground plane 500.
1 and the conductor ground plate 5001 side faces outward. In FIG. 56B, the directivity is symmetrical with respect to the upper side (the opposite side to the antenna 5002) of the conductive ground plane 5001 corresponding to the area covered by the surface of the antenna 5002 and the lower side with respect to the antenna 5002. Has characteristics. Therefore, even if the arrangement direction of the antenna 5002 and the conductive ground plane 5001 is reversed from the conventional arrangement, the same effect as that of the antenna described so far can be obtained. Further, as shown in FIG. Even if the conductive base plate 5003 has a closed case shape, it has the same characteristics, and the antenna 5002 inside the conductive base plate 5003 has the same characteristics.
Can be communicated to the outside through the conductive ground plane 5003.

FIG. 57 shows an example in which FIG. 56 is an unbalanced type antenna device, but is a balanced type antenna device, and has the same effects as described above.

FIG. 58 shows a configuration in which the conductive ground plane 5501 and the antenna 5502 installed in parallel and close to it are simultaneously rotatable (or may be rotated) about an axis indicated by a dashed line. is there. As shown in FIG. 58A, when the antenna 5502 is in a vertical state, the electric field is horizontal as shown in the right figure, so that the antenna 5502 has high sensitivity to horizontal polarization, and as shown in FIG. When the 5502 is in a horizontal state, the electric field is vertical as shown in the right figure, so that the antenna becomes highly sensitive to vertical polarization, and the antenna can be adjusted to an optimal direction according to the state of polarization. Of course, it may be set in a state of being inclined obliquely. FIG. 109 shows the directivity gain characteristics in the installation state of FIG. 58A, and FIG. 110 shows the directivity gain characteristics in the installation state of FIG. 58B.
As is clear from these figures, when the antenna is vertical, the sensitivity is high for horizontal polarization, and when the antenna is horizontal, the sensitivity is high for vertical polarization.

Here, as the method of rotating or rotating the conductive base plate 5501 and the antenna 5502, a manual method of turning a handle by hand or an automatic method using a driving device such as a motor may be used. .

FIG. 59 (a) is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna for realizing the above effects without rotating the antenna. That is, a structure is adopted in which a ferroelectric substance 5603 is arranged between the conductive ground plane 5601 and the antenna 5602 so as to sandwich the antenna 5602. With this configuration, as shown in the right diagram of FIG.
The electric field between the antenna 04 and the antenna 5605 is a ferroelectric 560
6, the vertical component becomes smaller and the horizontal component becomes larger as compared with the case where there is no ferroelectric in the left diagram. In this way, the antenna can be set for vertical polarization or horizontal polarization depending on the presence or absence of the ferroelectric substance. still,
If the antenna is installed vertically, the opposite is true. The ferroelectric substance 5603 may be prepared in two types, one that is attached at the time of manufacture and one that is not attached, or may be configured to be easily detachable by providing a detachable groove or the like.

FIG. 60A shows an example in which a three-element linear antenna 5702 is arranged close to the surface of a long and thin plate-shaped conductor ground plate 5701. FIG. 13B shows a three-element linear antenna 5 on the surface of a pipe-shaped conductive ground plane 5703.
704 is an example in which the elements are arranged close to each other so as to be equidistant from the conductive ground plane 5703. FIG.
In this example, a three-element linear antenna 5706 is arranged close to a surface of a square cylindrical conductor ground plate 5705 so that each element is equidistant from the conductor ground plate 5705.

FIG. 61 is a view showing an example in which, in the example of FIG. 60, when the shape of the conductive ground plate is curved or bent, the element is curved or bent along the shape. 61 (a) is an example in which a three-element antenna 5802 similarly curved is arranged close to the surface of a curved pipe-shaped conductor ground plate 5801 so that each element is at the same distance from the conductor ground plate 5801. In the same figure (b), a three-element antenna 5804 similarly bent on the surface of a square cylindrical conductive base plate 5803 bent in the middle is arranged close to each other so that each element is equidistant from the conductive base plate 5803. This is an example. Figure (c)
Is an example in which a three-element antenna 5806 similarly bent is arranged close to the surface of a plate-shaped conductor ground plate 5805 bent halfway.

FIG. 62A shows an antenna 59 installed along the periphery of the surface of a cylindrical conductive ground plate 5901.
FIG. 2B shows a spherical conductive ground plate 59.
11 shows an example of an antenna 5904 installed along the periphery of the surface of No. 03.

In the above configuration example, the case where the antenna is installed outside the constituent member that is the conductive ground plate has been described.
The configuration is not limited to this, and the antenna may be installed inside the plate member, inside the tubular member, or the like.

The antennas shown in FIGS. 63 (a) and 63 (b) have a three-element antenna 6002 having a relatively long element length and a three-element antenna having a relatively short element length with respect to the ground end connected to the conductive ground plane 6001. In a configuration including the antenna 6003, feed points A6005 and B6004 are provided for the antennas 6002 and 6003, respectively. As shown in FIG. 63 (c), the shorter antenna 60
03 is tuned to the relatively higher frequency band A band, and the longer antenna 6002 is tuned to the relatively lower frequency band B.
Since the antennas are tuned to the bands, one antenna can realize an antenna that can support two tuning bands. In addition,
The feeding points A6005 and B6004 may be connected to each other.

FIGS. 64A and 64B show an example of an unbalanced type antenna having two tuning bands. This antenna has one end connected to a conductive ground plane 6101 and is composed of four elements arranged close to the conductive ground plane 6101. Of the four elements, an antenna of two elements having a relatively long element length is used. A feeding point B 6104 is set at 6102, and a feeding point A 6105 is set at a two-element antenna 6103 having a relatively short element length. With this configuration, as described above, as shown in FIG. 6C, it is possible to cope with two tuning bands of the high frequency A band and the low frequency B band. The feeding point A60
05 and B6004 may be connected to each other.

FIGS. 65A and 65B show an example of a balanced type antenna having two tuning bands. This antenna is a four-element antenna having a central point connected to a conductive ground plane 6201 and arranged in close proximity to the conductive ground plane 6201. Of the four elements, two antennas having a relatively long element length are used. A feed point B6204 is set on the antenna 6202, and the feed point B6204 having a relatively short element length is set.
A feeding point A6205 is set to the antenna 6203 of the element. With this configuration, as described above, as shown in FIG. 65 (c), it is possible to cope with two tuning bands of a high frequency A band and a low frequency B band. The feeding point A60
05 and B6004 may be connected to each other. According to such an antenna configuration, it is possible to provide a high-performance antenna device capable of coping with a plurality of tuning bands while minimizing the installation space of the antenna device, so that it can be applied to narrow places such as automobiles and mobile phones. It is. In addition, although the number of tuning bands is two, the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration may be adopted in which three or more bands can be handled. In that case, a plurality of antennas having an element length corresponding to each tuning band may be provided, and a feed point may be set for each antenna.

The antenna shown in FIG.
A coil 6703 is inserted in the middle of a U-shaped antenna element 6701 provided in close proximity to the antenna element 670.
1 has one end connected to a conductor ground plate 6702. In addition, the power supply unit 6704 is provided in the middle of the antenna element 6701 between the coil 6703 and the conductive base plate 6702. According to this configuration, current concentrates on the coil, and the gain of the antenna device does not change and the antenna device can be reduced in size. For example, when the antenna element is configured by a strip line, the area of the antenna is reduced to 1/4. In addition, the bandwidth becomes narrow and the band characteristics become sharp.

FIG. 67 shows two antenna elements having the configuration shown in FIG. 66 connected in parallel to perform band synthesis. That is, two antenna elements 6801a and 6801b having different bands (lengths) in which coils 6803a and 6803b are respectively inserted in the middle of the elements are arranged in parallel, one end of each is connected to the conductive ground plane 6802, and 6801a and 6801b are commonly connected to a power supply 6804 via reactance elements 6805a and 6805b, respectively. With this configuration, the bands of the two antenna elements can be combined, and the antenna can have a wider band in addition to the above effects.

The antenna shown in FIG.
A coil 6903 is inserted between one end of a U-shaped antenna element 6901 and a conductor ground plate 6902 provided in close proximity to the conductor, and the other end of the coil 6903 is connected to a conductor ground plate 690.
2 is grounded. Also, the power supply unit 690
Reference numeral 4 is provided in the middle of the antenna element 6901. According to this configuration, the current is concentrated on the coil,
The antenna has a constant gain and can be miniaturized.

FIG. 69 shows a case where two antenna elements having the configuration shown in FIG. 68 are connected in parallel to perform band synthesis. That is, the antenna element 700 having two different bands (lengths)
1a and 7001b are arranged in parallel, and one end of each is commonly connected to one end of a coil 7003.
Is connected to the conductive ground plane 7002. Also,
The antenna elements 7001a and 7001b are commonly connected to a feeding unit 7004 via reactance elements 7005a and 7005b, respectively. With this configuration, the bands of the two antenna elements can be combined, and the antenna can have a wider band in addition to the above effects. Also,
Since the coil is shared by the two antenna elements, only one coil is required and the configuration is simplified.

The antenna shown in FIG.
An insulator 7105 is provided thereover, and the antenna element 7101 and the coil 7103 are connected over the insulator 7105. With this configuration, the coil 7103 can be easily installed and convenient for mounting, and the coil can be installed stably. FIG. 71 shows two antenna elements 7201
a, an example of a configuration for performing band combining by 7201b,
Although the number of antenna elements increases and connection with the coil 7203 becomes complicated, the insulator 72 on the conductive ground plane 7202
Since the connection point is provided on 05, connection between the antenna element and the coil is further facilitated.

In the antenna shown in FIG. 72, the coil portion is divided into two parts, and the antenna element and the coil are connected using two insulators 7305a and 7305b provided on the conductive ground plate 7302. That is, the U-shaped antenna element 7 provided close to the conductive ground plate 7302
One end of the coil 3013a is connected to one end of the insulator 73.
05a, and the other end of the coil 7303a, one end of another coil 7303b, and the power supply section 7304 are connected on another insulator 7305b.
03b is configured to have the other end grounded to a conductive ground plane 7302. FIG. 73 shows two antenna elements 7401a,
This is an antenna for band synthesis using 7401b, in which an antenna element, a coil, and a feeding unit are connected in the same manner as in FIG. According to these configurations, since the terminals of the power supply unit are provided on the circuit board, connection with other circuit components is facilitated.

The antenna of FIG. 74 has a configuration in which a zigzag pattern 7503 is inserted into an antenna element 7501 instead of the coil in the configuration of FIG. In the configuration using a coil, the shape spreads three-dimensionally. However, with the use of this pattern 7503, it can be formed on the same plane as the antenna element 7501 and can be manufactured by a printed wiring method or the like. FIG. 75 shows two antenna elements 7601
9A shows a band combining type using a and 7601b, in which zigzag patterns 7603a and 7603b are inserted into antenna elements 7601a and 7601b, respectively.
Note that this pattern may be a sawtooth wave pattern as shown in FIG. 77 (c).

The antenna shown in FIG.
Is formed in a zigzag pattern, and the other end of a coil 7703 whose one end is grounded is connected to one end of the antenna element 7701. The feeding unit 7704 is provided in the middle of the zigzag antenna element. According to this configuration, the loss increases, but the antenna device is, for example, 1/6 or 1 /
8 and more compact. The shape of the antenna element is
In addition, for example, a pattern shape as shown in FIGS. 77 (b) and (c) may be used. FIG. 77 (b) shows a three-dimensional coil shape.

The antenna shown in FIG.
An insulator 7904 is provided thereon, and on this insulator 7904,
Lead wire 7905 pulled out from antenna element 7901
And the power supply unit 7903 are connected. With this configuration, the power supply unit 7903 is provided on the circuit board, so that connection with other circuit components is facilitated.

FIG. 79 shows that a through hole 8005 is provided in a conductive base plate 8002 so that an insulator 8004
Is provided. Then, a lead wire 8006 drawn out of the antenna element 8001 is passed through the through hole 8005 and the insulator 8004, and the feeder 8003 is connected to the insulator 800
4 is connected. As a result, the conductor ground plane 8002
Since the circuit components can be connected on the back side of the device, the handling of other circuit components connected to the power supply unit 8003 becomes more convenient than the configuration shown in FIG.

Further, FIG. 80 shows that in the configuration of FIG. 79, another conductor plate is provided on the back surface of the conductor ground plate (the surface opposite to the antenna element), and various circuit components are mounted on the conductor plate. Things. That is, through-holes 8104 are formed in the conductor base plate 8102 and the conductor plate 8105 so that the lead wires 8111 drawn from the antenna element 8101 pass therethrough.
The insulator 81 is provided on the conductor plate 8105 side of the through hole 8104.
03 is provided. In addition, a required number of insulators 8106 for connecting various circuit components are provided on the surface of the conductor plate 8105. Then, the lead wire 8111 is connected to the through hole 810.
4 and connected to the insulator 8103,
8110 is connected over the insulator 8103 and each 8106. According to this configuration, the circuit can be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the antenna, and the shield between the antenna and the circuit can be easily performed using the conductive plate, which is effective for miniaturization of the device.

FIG. 81 shows an example of a configuration in which circuit components are arranged on the antenna element side. That is, the conductive base plate 8
A required number of insulators 8203 for connecting lead wires 8205 drawn from the antenna element 8201 and insulators 8206 for connecting various circuit components are provided over the antenna 202. Further, a conductive shield case 8204 is provided on the conductive base plate 8202 so that the antenna element 8201 and the conductive base plate 8202 can be shielded from each other.
A through-hole 8207 through which the through-hole 205 passes is formed. Then, the lead wire 8205 is passed through the through hole 8207 to form the insulator 8203.
And the circuit components 8208 to 8210 on the insulator 8203 and each of the conductors 8206. Also, the antenna element 8
One end of 201 is grounded to shield case 8204. According to this configuration, the circuit is accommodated between the antenna element and the conductive ground plane, but is shielded by the shield case, so that the size of the device can be further reduced as compared with the case of FIG.

In the antenna of FIG. 82, an antenna element 8301 is formed on one surface of an insulator plate 8305 by patterning.
One end 8307 of the antenna element 8301 penetrates the insulator plate 8305, and a lead wire 8303 extending through the insulator plate 8305 is drawn out of the antenna element 8301.
A lead wire 8306 patterned in parallel with the antenna element 8305 is connected to the opposite surface of the lead wire 8306.
To the power supply unit 8304. Here, the power supply unit 8304
Is provided at a position close to one end 8307 of the antenna element 8301. Then, the insulator plate 8305 and the conductor ground plate 8
The antenna element 8301 is arranged in parallel, and one end 8307 of the antenna element 8301 is connected to the conductive ground plane 8302. According to such a configuration, the grounding portion of the antenna element and the power supply unit are close to each other, which is convenient when a coaxial cable is connected.

The antenna shown in FIG.
02 and another conductor ground plate 84 via an insulator plate 8405
04 is provided, and an antenna element 8401 is arranged close to the conductive ground plane 8404. Here, one end of the antenna element 8401 is grounded to the conductive ground plane 8404. The size of the conductive ground plate 8404 is the same as that of the antenna element 8.
It is preferable that the area be equal to 401. Conductor ground plane 840
Specifically, the body 2 includes a body of an automobile or a train, a metal case of a receiver or a communication device, a metal structure of a house, and the like. According to such a configuration, the elevation angle having the maximum gain becomes nearly horizontal, which is suitable for communication radio waves (vertical polarization) coming from the side.

FIG. 84 is an external view showing an example in which the antenna device of the present invention is applied to a vehicle body. That is, by installing any one of the above-described antenna devices according to the embodiment of the present invention at four places of the vehicle body pillar portions 4701 on the front, rear, left and right of the automobile and one place of the roof part, these planar antennas are provided. And a diversity configuration. This configuration enables good transmission and reception for both horizontal and vertical polarizations. Here, the installation location of the antenna is 5
Location, but the installation location is not limited to this.

FIG. 85 is an external view showing an example of application of the antenna device of the present invention to various parts of a vehicle body. That is, the antenna device according to any of the above-described embodiments of the present invention can be installed on the surface of the vehicle body 4801 such as a roof panel, a hood, a vehicle body pillar portion, a vehicle body side surface, a bumper, a tire wheel, and a floor of the vehicle body 4801 of the vehicle. It is to be installed at any place or at multiple places. In FIG. 85, an antenna 4802 is provided in a place where the antenna plane is substantially horizontal, an antenna 4803 is provided in a place where the antenna plane is inclined obliquely, and the antenna 4804 is provided in a place where the antenna plane is substantially inclined. It is installed in a vertical location. The figure shows
The figure shows an appropriate place for installing the antenna, and it is not necessary to install all of them. Also, it is needless to say that it may be installed at a place other than that shown in the figure. Further, the type of car is not limited to a passenger car as shown in the figure, but may be a car such as a bus or a truck.

The antenna 4805 is installed so that the antenna plane is horizontal. However, since the antenna 4805 is installed especially on the back side (lower side) of the floor and the directional characteristics are directed to the road surface direction, It is suitable for communication with a radio source installed (or embedded) on a road used for communication, detection of the location of a vehicle body, and the like.

Normally, radio waves of TV and FM broadcasts are radio waves mainly of horizontal polarization, and radio waves of mobile phones and wireless communication devices are radio waves mainly of vertical polarization. Whether it is suitable for horizontal polarization or vertical polarization is determined. As shown in FIG.
In an unbalanced three-element antenna 4902 that is installed parallel to the plane of the conductive ground plane 4901 that is a part of the ground plane and is connected to the ground end, the electric field is horizontal as shown in the right figure. Since the sensitivity to horizontal polarization can be increased, it is effective as an antenna for horizontal polarization. This can be realized by installing the antenna at the location indicated by the antenna 4804 in FIG. Further, since the antenna 4802 is an antenna installed in parallel with the horizontal surface of the vehicle body 4801, its electric field is vertical and the antenna has high sensitivity to vertical polarization, so that it is effective as a vertical polarization antenna. . Further, the antenna 4803 is an antenna that is installed obliquely and has a balanced sensitivity between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization according to the degree of inclination, and is not so affected by the polarization direction. Can be used. FIG. 88 (b) is a diagram showing an example of a balanced type antenna. In this case, as in the case described above, the antenna is effective as a horizontally polarized antenna.

FIG. 89 is a diagram showing an example in which the antenna device according to the present embodiment is applied to various locations on the vehicle body similar to FIG. 85. In FIG. 89, as in FIG. 85, the antenna 5202 is installed in a place where the antenna plane is substantially horizontal, the antenna 5203 is installed in a place where the antenna plane is inclined obliquely, and the antenna 5204 is provided. Is installed in a place where the antenna plane is almost vertical. The antenna 5205 is installed so that the antenna plane is horizontal.
Particularly, it is installed inside the floor, and is suitable for communication with a radio wave source installed on the road as in the case of FIG. These antennas are all arranged inside the vehicle body 5201. However, for the above-described reasons, the same performance as when installed on the vehicle body surface can be realized, and since the antenna is not exposed to the outside of the vehicle body, the appearance, damage, theft, etc. This is extremely advantageous from the point of view. Further, as shown in FIG. 89, a rearview mirror, an indoor sun visor, a license plate, etc.
Usually, even in a place where it cannot be installed outside, it can be installed by using the inside.

If you want to install the antenna vertically,
For example, as shown in FIG. 90 (a), it may be installed at both ends 3703 of the spoilers 3701 and 3702 of the automobile or at the end 3703 of the sun visor, or as shown in FIG. 90 (b), at the pillar portion 3704. . Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and other parts of the automobile can be installed as long as they are inclined to some extent from the horizontal plane. By arranging at these positions, it is possible to easily receive a desired polarization.

FIGS. 91 and 92 are diagrams showing an application example of the antenna device of the present invention. FIG. 91 shows an example in which an antenna 6302 is installed on the surface of an elongated roof rail 6303 on the roof of a vehicle body 6301. FIG.
An example is shown in which an antenna 6502 is installed inside an elongated roof rail 6503 on the roof.

FIGS. 93 and 94 are also diagrams showing examples of application of the antenna device of the present invention. FIG. 93 shows the vehicle body 64.
FIG. 94 shows an example in which an antenna 6403 is installed on the surface of an elongated roof box 6402 on the roof of No. 01, and FIG.

In the above description, an example in which the antenna device is installed in a car has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, not limited to moving objects, road surfaces, road shoulders, toll gates,
It may be installed in a tunnel, or on a wall surface or a window of a building.

FIG. 95 is an external view showing an example in which the antenna device of the present invention is applied to a mobile phone. An antenna 5302 is installed inside a conductor ground outer box 5301, and the antenna ground is connected to the ground outer box 5301. It is a connected configuration. With this configuration, the antenna can be used in the same manner as when the antenna is provided outside the ground outer box 5301, and the antenna is not exposed to the outside, which is advantageous in handling.
Here, a mobile phone has been described as an example, but TV, PHS,
It is also applicable to other wireless devices and the like.

FIG. 96 (a) shows an example in which a conductive shield case 3902 provided inside a resin case 3901 of a mobile phone is used as a conductive base plate, and the antenna is arranged parallel to the shield case 3902. 3903
This is an example in which is disposed on the inner side surface of the case 3901. Also,
FIG. 96 (b) shows a case in which an antenna 3904 is arranged on the upper outside of a resin case 3901 of a mobile phone.
This is an example in which a conductor ground plate 3905 is provided inside the antenna 3904 opposite to the antenna 3904. In this case, the upper part of the shield case 3902 is not used as a conductive ground plane because the area is usually small. 39 (a) and 39 (b), the antenna to be used may be any of the antennas of the above-described embodiments, particularly those having a large number of bent portions or a large number of turns that can be easily reduced in size.

With such a configuration, the directivity gain on the conductor ground plane side is extremely small when viewed from the antenna. Therefore, if the conductor ground plane side is used on the human body side, the antenna efficiency can be reduced without decreasing the antenna efficiency. Electromagnetic interference can be reduced. Further, the mobile phone has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is applicable to other mobile wireless devices such as a PHS, a pager, and a navigation system.

FIG. 97 is an external view showing an example in which the antenna device of the present invention is applied to a general house. That is, the antenna 5402 is installed inside a conductive door of a house 5401, the antenna 5403 is installed inside a conductive window (for example, a shutter), the antenna 5404 is installed inside a conductive wall, and the antenna 5405 is installed. Is installed inside the roof of the conductor. In this manner, when the antenna is installed by using the inside of the conductive structure of the house 5401, the antenna is not exposed to the outside, so that damage or deterioration due to wind and rain can be prevented, and the life is extended.

Even when the house is a non-conductive structure, it can be easily installed by mounting a conductive material only outside the place where the antenna is to be installed.

As described above, in each antenna device of the present invention, the antenna plane and the vehicle body plane, which is the conductive ground plane, can be arranged in parallel and close to each other, so that they can be installed without protruding from the vehicle body, and can be occupied. Since the area is small, it can be installed in a small space. Therefore, the appearance can be improved, wind noise can be suppressed, and problems such as the risk of theft and removal during car washing can be solved.

FIG. 98 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a mobile communication device provided with the antenna device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 98, an antenna 3801 of any of the above-described embodiments is installed on a ceiling of a vehicle body 3805 such as an automobile. At this time, if the antenna 3801 is stored in the concave portion 3806 formed in the ceiling, the antenna does not protrude from the outline of the vehicle body 3805. Antenna 380
1 is connected to a communication device 3804 including an amplifier 3802 and a modem 3803 mounted inside the vehicle body 3805. Here, the antenna device has been described as an example of a mobile communication device, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a television,
Any device that receives or transmits radio waves, such as a radio-cassette or a wireless device, can be used.

Next, an embodiment of a digital television broadcast receiving apparatus using the above-described antenna apparatus of the present invention will be described.

(Embodiment 10) FIG. 111 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. In FIG. 111, 9
001 is input means, 9002 is delay means, 9003 is synthesis means, 9004 is reception means, 9005 is demodulation means, 9
007 is a delay wave estimating unit, 9008 is a position information determining unit, and 9009 is a vehicle information detecting unit. The operation of receiving a digital television broadcast in a mobile object will be described with reference to FIG.

[0135] Radio waves of television broadcasting are converted into electric signals by input means 9001 such as a receiving antenna and transmitted to delay means 9002 and synthesizing means 9003. The television broadcast signal converted into the electric signal is delayed by the delay unit 9002 in accordance with the delay control signal from the combination control unit 9006, and transmitted to the combination unit 9003. In the combining means 9003, the combining control means 9
Input means 9001 according to the synthesis control signal from
The obtained signal and the signal obtained from the delay unit 9002 are combined with a gain (gain), and transmitted to the receiving unit 9004. Here, a simple operation such as addition or selection of the maximum value can be used as the synthesis method.

In the receiving means 9004, the synthesizing means 9003
Extract only the signal of the required frequency band from the signal from
The signal is converted into a signal of a frequency that can be processed by the demodulation unit 9005, transmitted to the demodulation unit 9005, and demodulated and output by the demodulation unit 9005. On the other hand, the demodulation means 9005 transmits the demodulation information to the delay wave estimation means 9007,
In step 07, the delay wave included in the received wave is estimated based on the demodulation information obtained from the demodulation means 9005.

Here, a method of demodulation and estimation of a delayed wave will be described. Currently, in terrestrial digital broadcasting in Japan, where broadcasting system standardization activities are being carried out, OFDM is used as a modulation system.
(Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system)
At 05, a process of performing OFDM demodulation and decoding the transmitted code is performed. In this decoding process, various pilot signals are included in the signal in order to perform frequency analysis using FFT and the like and to demodulate data, and to estimate the transfer characteristics of the signal using those pilot signals. Is possible. For example, the delay time can be detected by detecting the dip position and the number of dips of the frequency component as a result of the frequency analysis by the FFT.

FIG. 117 shows an example of frequency analysis in OFDM. When there is no delayed wave, the frequency characteristic is flat, but when there is a delayed wave, as shown in FIG. There is a dip in the frequency component of. Further, it is possible to detect a delayed wave by observing a signal change of the pilot signal or a lack of the pilot signal. Further, it is also possible to acquire data position information having an error from the error correction processing after the FFT processing, and to estimate a delay time of an interference wave based on the information. In the above description, the digital broadcasting system in Japan has been described. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to analog broadcasting and digital broadcasting in various countries.

Next, control of synthesis and delay will be described. The combining control unit 9006 includes a delay wave estimating unit 90
07 on the basis of the delayed wave information estimated in 07.
02 and a signal for controlling the synthesizing means 9003. A case in which a gain control unit 9061 and a delay time control unit 9062 according to a configuration example of the combination control unit 9006 are provided will be described. The gain control unit 9061 sets the combined gain in the combining unit 9003 based on the delayed wave information obtained from the delayed wave estimating unit 9007. This setting method will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 118, the horizontal axis represents the magnitude of the delay wave, and the vertical axis represents the ratio of the signal gain from the input means 9001 (signal A gain) to the signal gain from the delay means 9002 (signal B gain) (= signal A gain / Signal B gain). If the delay wave level is large, especially when the level of the direct wave is almost the same, both gains should be the same.If the delay wave level is low or the delay wave level is higher than the direct wave level, Control is performed such that the gain of the signal from the means or the signal from the input means is reduced and a gain difference is provided to combine the signals. Further, when performing gain control based on the delay time of the delayed wave obtained from the delayed wave estimating means 9007,
When the delay time is large (a in FIG. 118) and when the delay time is small (b in FIG. 118), as shown in the figure, control is performed so that the larger the delay time, the larger the gain difference.

Next, the operation of the delay time control means 9062 will be described. The setting of the delay time to be delayed by the delay unit 9002 is controlled so that the delay unit 9002 delays the same time as the delay time estimated by the delay wave estimation unit 9007. At this time, for example, the relationship between the delay wave and the error rate of the demodulated signal may deteriorate rapidly when the delay time is small (point B: about 2.5 μs or less) as shown in FIG. If the delay time obtained by the estimating means 9007 is small, the deterioration of the error rate can be effectively avoided by setting a fixed delay time, for example, a delay time equal to or longer than the point B in FIG. 119, instead of the obtained delay time. it can. However, the upper limit of the delay time given here must be shorter than the guard period added to the OFDM signal. Also, in order to prevent the error rate from being deteriorated due to such a delay wave having a short delay time, a delay unit 900 is used.
In 2, it is possible to always set the determined delay time. As a set value in this case, for example, about 2
By setting the value to twice, the influence of the short delay time can be surely eliminated. When a signal is obtained from one antenna as shown in FIG. 111, a delay time smaller than the reciprocal of the bandwidth of the received signal is given to the signal and added to reduce the noise level of the received signal and reduce the error rate. Can be improved. This is because the dip position generated by the added signal can be out of the signal bandwidth. For example,
If the signal bandwidth is 500 kHz, the applied delay time needs to be 2 μs or less. The above-described method of adding a signal with a short delay time is an effective means, particularly in narrowband broadcasting used as a service broadcast for mobile reception, because it has an effect of improving the reception level of the signal band.

Next, how to use the vehicle information detecting means 9009 will be described. The vehicle information detecting means 9009 detects information on the vehicle that is moving and receiving. For example, a configuration is conceivable in which the speed (vehicle speed) detecting means 9091 detects the speed of a vehicle performing movement reception and the position detecting means 9092 detects a position. Vehicle information detecting means 900
Needless to say, a navigation device can be used as the device 9, and a GPS device can be used as a position detection device, or location detection by a road control system such as a PHS, a mobile phone, or a VICS can also be used. The detected vehicle information is transmitted to position information determining means 9008.

The position information judging means 9008 checks from which broadcasting station there is a possibility of receiving radio waves at the receiving position, and considers the distance from those broadcasting stations or the reflection due to a mountain or a building. Then, the delay time at the receiving point or the strength of the radio wave is estimated. For this purpose, information such as the frequency transmitted from a transmitting station such as a broadcasting station or a relay station, the position of the transmitting station, and the transmission output is previously stored, or downloaded and stored by a communication means such as broadcasting or telephone. , Vehicle information detecting means 900
9 to obtain the position information. Thereby, the delay wave time and the magnitude at the receiving point can be obtained.

Further, information such as the position, size, and height of the building around the receiving point is shown on a map together with the broadcasting station position.
By considering the reflection and the like by these, the delay wave time and the magnitude can be more accurately known. It goes without saying that a system such as a navigation system can be used as a device for handling information on these transmitting stations, buildings, mountains and the like. Also, since the speed of the mobile reception can be known by the speed detection means 9091, the next delayed wave can be predicted.
It is possible to follow the delayed wave earlier.

The synthesis control means 6 performs synthesis gain control and delay time control based on the delay wave information obtained by the position information judgment means 9008 as described above. The control method in this case can be performed in the same manner as when using the delayed wave information by the delayed wave estimating means 9007. Further, it is possible to use the information of the delay wave estimating means 9007 and the position information estimating means 8 in combination. In this case, the gain and the delay time control can be performed only when the two pieces of delay information are close to each other. When the delay information is distant, control can be performed based on the information that is maintained as is or has a large delay wave level. In the above description, the case where the vehicle information detection means 9009 is provided for mobile reception has been described, but it is also possible to use the mobile reception and fixed reception using only the position detection means 9092.

In the above description, the configuration shown in FIG. 111 has a single input unit. However, the configuration shown in FIG. 112 in which a plurality of input units and delay units corresponding to the respective input units are provided is also used for mobile reception. Is an effective configuration. In this case, even if each input means receives the same broadcast wave, the state of the multipath interference is different, so that different input signals are obtained, thereby obtaining the dip position (frequency) as shown in FIG. )
And at different depths. Accordingly, by adding a plurality of different input signals, signals having different dip positions and dip depths can be obtained, and as a result, the error rate of the signal can be reduced. The receiving operation in FIG. 112 is almost the same as the operation described in FIG.
As the control of the delay means 9002 and the synthesizing means 9003, the obtained delay time is appropriately set so as to be relatively set from the delay means 1 to the delay means N, and the gain is set according to the delayed signal. Can be realized. In addition, when the installation positions of the plurality of antennas are sufficiently shorter than the wavelength of the baseband, the reception signal level can be improved by adding the plurality of input signals in the baseband.

As described above, according to the digital television broadcast receiver of the tenth embodiment, it is possible to reduce the dip of the signal by synthesizing the signals, thereby improving the error rate of the digital data. By setting the delay time so as to avoid the influence of a signal having a short delay time, it is possible to prevent the error rate from deteriorating. Further, by obtaining an accurate delay wave by the delay wave estimating means and the vehicle information detecting means and the position information judging means, there is an effect that the signal dip is more accurately avoided, thereby further improving the error rate.

On the other hand, signals obtained from a plurality of antennas can be used while being switched according to the error situation. The antenna switching condition when the antenna is switched will be described with reference to FIG. First, the C / N ratio of an input signal and a fixed period in the past, such as one frame period, are obtained. When the C / N ratio is large and the error rate is low, antenna switching is not performed. Also, even if the error rate is high,
Even when an error occurs in a short burst and is not continuous, antenna switching is not performed. On the other hand, antenna switching reduces the C / N level of the input signal,
Performed when the high error rate continues. Here, the antenna switching timing may be a guard interval period added to the OFDM signal. It is also possible to calculate the timing of antenna switching in combination with vehicle speed information and position information. Note that the antenna switching timing may be a guard interval period added to the OFDM signal. This makes it possible to switch antennas optimally in response to a change in reception conditions during mobile reception. FIG.
1. In FIG. 112, the antenna 9
By providing 011 and amplifying means 9012, it is possible to prevent a loss in matching due to signal attenuation or distribution and to perform subsequent processing accurately.

(Embodiment 11) FIG. 113 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention. In FIG. 113, 9
001 is input means, 9002 is delay means, 9003 is synthesis means, 9004 is reception means, 9005 is demodulation means, 9
007 is a delay wave estimating unit, 9008 is a position information determining unit, and 9009 is a vehicle information detecting unit. The configuration of the eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 113 is different from the configuration of the tenth embodiment in that the receiving unit 9004 is connected immediately after the input unit 9001 in the eleventh embodiment. Hereinafter, the operation of receiving digital television broadcasts by a mobile unit in Embodiment 11 will be described.

[0149] Radio waves of television broadcasting are converted into electric signals by input means 9001 such as a receiving antenna and transmitted to the receiving means 9004. The receiving unit 9004 extracts only a signal in a necessary frequency band from the signal obtained from the input unit 9001 and transmits the signal to the delay unit 9002 and the combining unit 9003. The signal obtained by the receiving means 9004 is delayed by the delay means 9002 according to the delay control signal from the combining control means 9006 and transmitted to the combining means 9003. The combining means 9003 receives the receiving means 90 according to the combining control signal from the combining control means 9006.
Each of the signal obtained from the signal 04 and the signal obtained from the delay unit 9002 is weighted with a gain (gain), combined, and transmitted to the demodulation unit 9005. Here, as in the case of the tenth embodiment, a simple operation such as addition or maximum value can be used as the combining method. The demodulation means 9005 demodulates and outputs the signal.

On the other hand, based on the demodulation information from demodulation means 9005 and the mobile reception information obtained from vehicle information detection means 9009, delay wave estimation means 9007 and position information judgment means 9008 respectively determine the delay waves, as in the tenth embodiment. The estimation is transmitted to the combining control means 9006, and the combining control means 9006 controls delay and combining for obtaining control signals to the delay means 9002 and the combining means 9003. The detailed operation of the combining control means and the operation of the vehicle information detecting means in the receiving operation is the same as in the tenth embodiment. According to the receiving apparatus of Embodiment 11,
The processing of the delay unit 9002 or the synthesizing unit 9003 is as follows.
Since the frequency and band are limited by the receiving unit 9004 in the preceding stage, the processing can be simplified, but the same effect as that of the tenth embodiment can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 114, the input means 90
01, a receiving unit 9004, and a delay unit 9002, respectively. The operation of the configuration shown in FIG. 114 is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Input means 9001, receiving means 9
004, by providing a plurality of delay means 9002, even when each input means receives the same broadcast wave, the state of interference is different and each input means has a different input level.
As a result, dips are generated at different positions (frequency) and different depths as shown in FIG. Accordingly, by adding a plurality of different inputs, the dip position and the dip depth are different, and as a result, the error rate of the signal can be reduced.

(Twelfth Embodiment) FIG. 115 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 115, 9
001 is an input unit, 9004 is a receiving unit, 9005 is a demodulating unit, 9007 is a delayed wave estimating unit, 9055 is a demodulation control unit, 9008 is a position information determining unit, and 9009 is a vehicle information detecting unit. Hereinafter, the operation of receiving a digital television broadcast at a mobile object or at a fixed place will be described with reference to FIG.

Radio waves of television broadcasting are converted into electric signals by input means 9001 such as a receiving antenna and transmitted to receiving means 9004. The receiving means 9004 extracts only a signal in a necessary frequency band from the signal obtained from the input means 9001 and transmits the signal to the demodulating means 9005.
The demodulating means demodulates the signal from the receiving means 9004 to output a digital signal and simultaneously outputs the delayed wave estimating means 9007
To the demodulation status.

Here, the operation of the demodulation means 9005 will be described in detail. Frequency analysis means 900 as demodulation means 9005
The operation of an example of the configuration including the adjusting unit 90052, the adjusting unit 90052, and the decoding unit 90053 will be described. Receiving means 900
4 from the frequency analysis unit 9051
Frequency analysis is performed by a frequency analysis method such as T, real FFT, DFT, FHT, and the like, converted into a signal on the frequency axis, and transmitted to the adjusting unit 9052. Adjusting means 9052
Then, the signal on the frequency axis obtained by the frequency analysis means 9051 is operated based on the control signal from the demodulation adjustment means 9055. As a method of operation, a method of applying a transfer function to a signal obtained by the frequency analysis means 9051 based on a signal from the demodulation control means 9055, a method of configuring and operating a filter, or emphasizing or missing a specific frequency component For example, a method of interpolating a frequency component considered to be possible can be considered. The signal obtained by the adjusting means 9052 is decoded.
At 53, it is decoded into a digital code. Delay wave estimating means 900
In step 7, the delay wave is estimated based on the signal obtained from the demodulation means 9005. At this time, the signal to be referred to includes a frequency spectrum obtained from the frequency analysis unit 9051, a pilot signal obtained in the decoding process of the decoding unit 9053, and the like. As shown in FIG. 117, the frequency spectrum of the received signal causes a dip or the like in accordance with the presence of the delayed wave.
In the ODFM modulation method used in digital television broadcasting, the frequency spectrum becomes flat, so that it is possible to estimate the magnitude and delay time of the delay wave. In addition, the magnitude and delay time of the delay wave can be estimated from the phase change or lack of the pilot signal. The demodulation control unit 9055 controls the adjustment unit 9052 based on the delay wave information obtained from the delay wave estimation unit 9007 or the position information determination unit 9008. As a control method, a control parameter corresponding to the adjusting means 9052 is determined and transmitted. For example, when a transfer function is applied to the adjusting means 9052, the demodulation controlling means 9055 obtains a transfer function corresponding to the delayed wave and transmits the transmission function. I do. Alternatively, a filter coefficient is transmitted for a filter, and an interpolation value is transmitted for interpolation. Here, the position information determination means 9008 and the vehicle information detection means 90
09 is equivalent to the tenth and eleventh embodiments and will not be described in detail.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the adjusting means 9052 operates so as to reduce the influence of the delay wave, accurate decoding becomes possible and the error rate of the received digital signal is improved. Has the effect of being.

FIG. 116 shows a configuration using a plurality of input means 9001. In this case, receiving means are required in accordance with the number of input means, and a plurality of frequency analyzing means are required. A plurality of adjusting means and decoding means may not be required by selecting a signal to be processed. Note that FIG.
6, the frequency analysis means 9051, the adjustment means 90
52, each block of the decoding means 9053 is one for simplicity of expression, but as mentioned above, each of these means has a plurality of means in accordance with the number of input means. I do.

In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 116, since the frequency analysis is performed for each input means, the magnitude and delay time of the delay wave can be estimated for each input means. Therefore, the adjusting means 9
At 052, it is possible to select the signal with the best reception state. Further, it is also possible to adjust the transfer function, the filter, the interpolation, and the like as described above for each signal, and decode the signals by the decoding means 9053. Decoding means 9
053 or the adjusting unit 9052 selects and processes only the signal of the frequency spectrum in a good reception state from the frequency analysis result of the signal from each input unit, so that a good digital code can be demodulated. As mentioned above,
In the configuration of FIG. 116, by providing a plurality of input means, a reception error can be further improved.

[0158] In the digital television broadcast receiving apparatus of the present invention described above, when the antenna has a plurality of antenna elements, the antenna elements are designed so that their angles are different from each other, so that different polarization planes are provided. It can be installed to have the maximum gain for radio waves.

[0159]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a planar antenna having an antenna element having at least one bent portion or curved portion is arranged near a cylindrical antenna or a printed antenna. This provides a high-performance antenna device that has good performance against vertical polarization, can be installed near a vehicle body such as an automobile, or can be installed on a flat surface integrally with the vehicle body, and can be miniaturized so that it can be arranged even in a narrow place. It is possible to

In the digital television broadcast receiver according to the present invention (claim 23, etc.), an input signal is delayed and synthesized immediately after input or after reception, so that interference due to a delay wave included in the input signal is reduced. However, there is an effect of improving the error rate after demodulation.

In the digital television broadcast receiving apparatus according to the present invention (claim 24, etc.), the delay time and the delay amount are obtained from the signal demodulated or the signal in the demodulation process for the control of the above-mentioned delayed synthesis. By performing synthesis and delay control using the estimated delay amount and time, it is possible to accurately remove a disturbance due to a delayed wave and further improve the error rate after demodulation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the shape of the antenna according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the pattern of the antenna according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an antenna device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the shape of the antenna according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna device according to the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna element according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 36 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 44 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 45 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 46 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 47 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 48 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 49 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 50 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 51 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 52 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 53 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 55 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 56 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 57 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 58 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which the antenna device rotates according to the state of a radio wave.

59 is a diagram illustrating a configuration that realizes the function of FIG. 58 without rotating.

FIG. 60 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 63 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 63 (c) is a diagram for explaining the frequency characteristics thereof. .

FIGS. 64A and 64B are schematic diagrams showing another example of the antenna element according to each embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 64C is a diagram for explaining the frequency characteristic thereof. .

FIGS. 65 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 65 (c) is a diagram for explaining the frequency characteristics thereof. .

FIG. 66 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 67 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 68 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 69 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 70 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 71 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 72 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 73 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 74 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 75 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 76 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 77 is a schematic view showing examples of various patterns in the antenna element.

FIG. 78 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 79 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 80 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 81 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 82 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 83 is a schematic view showing another example of the antenna element in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 84 is an external view showing an example of applying the antenna device of each embodiment of the present invention to a vehicle body.

FIG. 85 is an external view showing an example of application of an antenna installation location to each part of a vehicle body in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 86 is a diagram illustrating an example of band synthesis according to the present invention.

FIG. 87 is a diagram illustrating an example of gain accumulation in the present invention.

FIG. 88 is a diagram illustrating properties of an antenna applied to a vehicle body.

FIG. 89 is an external view showing an example of application of an antenna installation location to each part of a vehicle body in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 90 is an external view illustrating another example of the installation location in the antenna device according to each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 91 is a diagram illustrating another application example of the antenna device in each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 92 is a diagram showing another application example of the antenna device in each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 93 is a diagram showing another application example of the antenna device in each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 94 is a diagram showing another application example of the antenna device in each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 95 is an external view showing an example in which the antenna according to each embodiment of the present invention is applied to a mobile phone.

FIG. 96 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a mobile phone including the antenna device according to each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 97 is an external view showing an example in which the antenna according to each embodiment of the present invention is applied to a general house.

FIG. 98 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a mobile communication device including the antenna device according to each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 99 is a perspective view showing a specific configuration of the antenna device in FIG. 22.

FIG. 100 is a diagram showing impedance and VSWR characteristics in the antenna of FIG. 99;

FIG. 101 is a diagram showing directivity gain characteristics of the antenna of FIG. 99;

FIG. 102 is a diagram illustrating VSWR characteristics of one element for explaining band combining in a four-element antenna.

FIG. 103 is a diagram illustrating VSWR characteristics of another element for explaining band combining in a four-element antenna.

FIG. 104 is a diagram illustrating VSWR characteristics of another element for explaining band combining in a four-element antenna.

FIG. 105 is a diagram illustrating VSWR characteristics of another element for describing band combining in a four-element antenna.

FIG. 106 is a diagram showing VSWR characteristics when the four-element antennas of FIGS. 102 to 105 are band-combined.

107 is a diagram showing VSWR characteristics when the range of the vertical axis in FIG. 106 is enlarged.

108 is a diagram showing directivity gain characteristics when the installation distance between the antenna ground and the device ground in the antenna of FIG. 53 (b) is changed.

FIG. 109 is a diagram showing directivity gain characteristics in the antenna of FIG. 58 (a).

FIG. 110 is a diagram showing directivity gain characteristics of the antenna of FIG. 58 (b).

FIG. 111 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 112 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 113 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiving device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 114 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 115 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiving device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 116 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a digital television broadcast receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 117 is a conceptual diagram showing a result of frequency analysis after reception in the case where delayed waves are disturbed during reception.

FIG. 118 is a conceptual diagram showing gain control of the combining means.

FIG. 119 is a conceptual diagram showing a delay time of a delayed wave and an error rate.

FIG. 120 is a diagram for describing antenna switching conditions when switching antennas.

[Explanation of symbols]

 101, 104 Antenna element (linear conductor) 102 Feeding terminal 152 Monopole antenna 205 Conductor ground plane 502, 504 Reactance element 1304 Printed circuit board 1505 Depression 1806 Multilayer printed circuit board 1901 Feeding point 3003 Dielectric 3203 Coil 3503 Diver switch 3804 Communication Device 3805 Body 3902 Shield case 4603 High permittivity material 5603, 5606 Ferroelectric 9001 Input means 9002 Delay means 9003 Combining means 9004 Receiving means 9005 Demodulation means 9006 Combination control means 9007 Delayed wave estimation means 9008 Position information judgment means 9009 Vehicle information detection Means 9011 Antenna 9012 Amplification means 9061 Gain control means 9062 Delay time control means 9091 Speed detection means 9092 Position detection Means

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Noboru Nomura 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Osaka Pref. Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toyoichi Ikeda 1006 Odaka Kadoma Kadoma, Osaka Pref. Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshiro Sugiyama 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Inside Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. AA25 AA27 AA28 BA26 BA28 BA30 DA01 DA07 DA08 DA10 5J046 AA02 AA04 AA07 AB00 AB03 AB06 AB07 AB10 MA02 MA03 MA04 MA09 MA11 MA15 5J047 AA02 AA04 AA07 AB00 AB03 AB06 AB07 AB10 EA01 EA06 5K020 AA05 DD11 DD21 EE21

Claims (28)

[Claims] 1. A planar antenna having at least one bent or curved portion and having at least one antenna element having one end connected to a conductive ground plane, and a cylindrical antenna installed near the planar antenna. An antenna device, wherein a connection point between the conductive ground plane and one end of the planar antenna is provided on a side far from the cylindrical antenna. 2. A planar antenna having at least one bent portion or curved portion and having at least one antenna element having one end connected to a conductive ground plate, and a cylindrical antenna installed near the planar antenna. An antenna device, wherein a connection point between the conductive ground plane and one end of the planar antenna is provided on a side closer to the cylindrical antenna. 3. A cylindrical antenna provided in the vicinity of a conductive base plate, and at least one bent portion or curved portion between the cylindrical antenna and the conductive base plate, one end of which is provided by the conductive base plate. And a planar antenna having at least one antenna element connected to the antenna device. 4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the feeder of the planar antenna and the feeder of the cylindrical antenna are coupled to one feeder by a mixer. . 5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the planar antenna has a plurality of antenna elements, and each antenna element is unitized by a single feed unit. apparatus. 6. The plurality of antenna elements are antennas respectively corresponding to a plurality of divided bands obtained by dividing a target frequency band, and a desired band is realized by the antenna elements. The antenna device according to claim 5, wherein 7. The cylindrical antenna is supported on the conductive base plate so as to be rotatable in any two directions perpendicular to each other, and has a function of extending and contracting in a length direction. Item 7. The antenna device according to any one of Items 1 to 6. 8. A planar antenna having at least one bent portion or curved portion and having at least one antenna element having one end connected to a conductive ground plane, and a broken line installed on the printed circuit board near the planar antenna. An antenna device comprising: a printed antenna on which a conductive pattern having a shape is formed. 9. The antenna device according to claim 8, wherein the planar antenna and the printed antenna are substantially on the same plane. 10. The antenna device according to claim 8, wherein the printed antenna is formed in a three-dimensional shape by one or more bent portions or curved portions. 11. The antenna device according to claim 10, wherein the printed antenna has a cylindrical shape wound around a cylindrical support member. 12. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein the printed antenna is supported on the conductive base plate so as to be rotatable in any of two directions orthogonal to each other. 13. The antenna device according to claim 12, wherein the conductive ground plane is divided into a ground plane corresponding to the planar antenna and a ground plane corresponding to the printed antenna. 14. The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein the planar antenna is provided between the printed antenna and the conductive ground plane. 15. The antenna device according to claim 8, wherein the planar antenna is formed on a substrate different from a substrate of the printed antenna. 16. The antenna device according to claim 8, wherein the planar antenna is formed on a substrate of the printed antenna. 17. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein a part of a substrate of the printed antenna is formed in a planar shape, and the planar antenna is formed in a part of the planar substrate. apparatus. 18. The board portion on which the printed antenna is formed is connected to the board portion on which the planar antenna is formed so as to be rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the board surface. Item 18. The antenna device according to item 16 or 17. 19. At least one having at least one bent portion or curved portion formed close to the same substrate.
A planar antenna having two antenna elements and a printed antenna of a polygonal conductor pattern, one end of the antenna element is connected, and a conductor plate corresponding to the planar antenna, and the conductor plate is separated from the planar antenna and the printed antenna. An insulating member that insulates from the large conductive ground plane, wherein the planar antenna and the printed antenna are integrated with the conductive plane, and are rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the conductive ground plane. Antenna device. 20. The antenna device according to claim 8, wherein the feeder of the planar antenna and the feeder of the printed antenna are coupled to one feeder by a mixer. . 21. The antenna device according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of the antenna elements are provided, and each antenna element is unified by a single feeder. 22. The plurality of antenna elements are antennas respectively corresponding to a plurality of divided bands obtained by dividing a target frequency band, and a desired band is realized by the antenna elements. Claim 2
2. The antenna device according to 1. 23. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal which is the antenna device according to claim 1, a delay device for inputting and delaying a signal from the input device, and the delay device. A signal obtained from the synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the input means, and a receiving means for performing frequency conversion of the signal obtained from the synthesizing means,
Demodulating means for converting a signal obtained from the receiving means into a baseband signal, wherein a delay time in the delay means and a combining ratio in the combining means can be arbitrarily set. Television broadcast receiver. 24. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal which is the antenna device according to claim 1, a delay device for inputting and delaying a signal from the input device, and the delay device. A signal obtained from the synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the input means, and a receiving means for performing frequency conversion of the signal obtained from the synthesizing means,
A demodulation unit for converting a signal obtained from the reception unit into a baseband signal; and a signal indicating a demodulation state obtained from the demodulation unit as an input, and estimating a delay wave included in the signal obtained by the input unit. Delay wave estimating means, and a synthesizing control means for controlling the synthesizing means and the delay means in accordance with a signal obtained from the delay wave estimating means; and A digital television broadcast receiving apparatus for controlling at least one of a signal combining rate and a delay time setting by said delay means. 25. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal which is the antenna device according to claim 1, a receiving device for performing frequency conversion of a signal from the input device, and the receiving device. Delaying means for inputting and delaying the signal of (i), synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the delaying means and the signal obtained from the receiving means, and a baseband signal obtained from the synthesizing means. And a demodulation unit for converting the delay time in the delay unit and a combining ratio in the combining unit. 26. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal which is the antenna device according to claim 1, a receiving device for performing frequency conversion of a signal from the input device, and the receiving device. Delaying means for inputting and delaying the signal of (i), synthesizing means for synthesizing the signal obtained from the delaying means and the signal obtained from the receiving means, and a baseband signal obtained from the synthesizing means. Demodulation means for converting the signal of the demodulation status obtained from the demodulation means into an input, a delay wave estimation means for estimating a delay wave included in a signal obtained by the input means, and a signal obtained from the delay wave estimation means And a synthesizing control means for controlling the synthesizing means and the delay means in response to the signal. A digital television broadcast receiving device, wherein at least one of the constants is controlled. 27. An input device for converting an electromagnetic wave into an electric signal which is the antenna device according to claim 1, a receiving device for performing frequency conversion of a signal obtained from the input device, and the receiving device. Demodulation means for converting a signal from the baseband signal into a baseband signal, delay wave estimating means for estimating a delay wave included in a signal obtained by the input means as input information of the demodulation status obtained by the demodulation means, Demodulation control means for controlling the demodulation means based on delay wave information from the delay wave estimation means, and controlling a transfer function handled by the demodulation means based on a control signal obtained by the demodulation control means. A digital television broadcast receiving device. 28. A case having a plurality of antenna elements, wherein each of the antenna elements is installed so as to have a maximum gain with respect to radio waves having different polarization planes. Digital television broadcast receiver according to any one of the above.