IE52386B1 - Antiblocking compositions made from polyethylene and films obtained therefrom - Google Patents
Antiblocking compositions made from polyethylene and films obtained therefromInfo
- Publication number
- IE52386B1 IE52386B1 IE484/82A IE48482A IE52386B1 IE 52386 B1 IE52386 B1 IE 52386B1 IE 484/82 A IE484/82 A IE 484/82A IE 48482 A IE48482 A IE 48482A IE 52386 B1 IE52386 B1 IE 52386B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- blocking composition
- talc
- ppm
- ethylene
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 title description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleicacidamide-heptaglycolether Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000166071 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid ester group Chemical class C(CCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl ethylene Natural products CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
1. Anti-blocking composition based on ethylene polymer, characterised in that it contains from 200 to 2 500 ppm of talc.
Description
The present invention relates to anti-blocking polyethylene compositions which are useful for the manufacture of films.
Films of ethylene polymer are characterised, by 5 mediocre slip properties, which make them difficult to use 'in automatic conversion equipment. They are also characterised by a tendency to resist separation, due to an adhesion force, which makes them difficult to handle. The slip forces and the adhesion forces of 10 such films, which forces are perpendicular to one another, are closely related, and are the cause of numerous problems encountered in the industrial use of polyethylene films.
To improve the suitability of ethylene polymers for use, it is known to incorporate a slip agent and an 15 anti-blocking agent therein before extrusion. Thus, British Patent No. 822,498 describes polyethylene compositions containing from 0^1 to 5 % by weight of an inert filler having a particle size of between 0.02 and 50 microns. French Patent No. 1,204,623 describes branched polyethylene compositions containing up to 0.5% . by weight of a siliceous product having a particle size of less than 1pm. French Patent No. 1,235,862 describes polyethylene compositions containing from 0.10 to 1.5 % by weight of silica having a particle size of 25 between 1 and 10 pm.
The object of the present invention is to improve the properties, in particular the optical properties, of films manufactured from ethylene polymers, simply by choosing a particular anti-blocking agent.
In -2pursuing this object, talc was finally chosen as the preferred anti-blocking agent.
The present invention thus relates' to compositions of ethylene polymers containing from 200 to 2,500 ppm of talc. The term ethylene polymer is understood as meaning either an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of.’ethylene with at least one co-monomer chosen from amongst carboxylic acid-vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, carbon monoxide, maleic anhydride, and alkyl acrylates and methacrylates in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms , these polymers being manufactured under high pressure (above 1,000 bars) in the presence of a free-radical initiator. ' The term ethylene polymer is also understood as meaning copolymers of ethylene with at least one olefine having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, these copolymers being manufactured either under high pressure (above 300 bars) and at high temperature (above 16O°C), in the presence of a free-radical initiator or of a Ziegler-type catalyst system, or in solution or suspension in a hydrocarbon under moderate pressure (below 100 bars) and at moderate temperature. The ethylene polymers used within the scope of the present invention generally have a melt index of between 0.2 and 10 dg/minute and a density of between about 0.905 and 0.935 g/cnA The talc whioh can be used according to the invention is a mineral of lamellar texture, extracted from natural quarries, which is present in crystalline shales and has the chemical formula 3Mg0.4Si02.H20. 32386 ίο -3It- can also contain minor amounts of other metal oxides such as alumina or iron oxide. The talc used in the present invention preferably has an average particle size of between about 1 and 5 pm.
The compositions according to the invention can also optionally contain up to -1,500 ppm of a conventional slip agent such as unsaturated fatty acid ami de having at least 8 carbon atoms. Examples of slip agents which may be mentioned are the amides of stearic, oleic, palmitic, erucic, myristic, behenic and lauric acids.
The compositions according to the invention show remarkable properties compared with compositions containing an equivalent amount of silica. The optical properties of films obtained from these compositions are preserved or even improved, in particular the haze.
The anti-blocking properties of these films are improved, both at ambient temperature (20°C) and when hot (50°C).
The compositions according to the invention therefore make it possible, for equal performance characteristics, to use a smaller amount of additive. Finally, the coefficient of friction of films obtained from these compositions is very markedly improved, both on the inner face and on the outer face, compared with the | compositions containing an equivalent amount of silica. ! The compositions according to the invention are j i prepared by uniformly dispersing the ingredients in the ! ethylene polymer, in a suitable mixer, either directly { in the desired amount or via a mixture of higher concentration. They are useful for the manufacture of ' 25 -4¢11ms by extrusion-blowing or co-extrusion using the conventional methods. Such films generally have a thickness of between about 7 and 150 pm.
The following examples are given by way of illustration and without implying a limitation, in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. EXAMPLES 1 to 5 r Homogeneous compositions containing 250 ppm of oleamide and, if appropriate, silica or talc are prepared in a mixer from an ethylene homopolymer having a melt index of 1.2 dg/minute, measured according to ASTM Standard Specification D 1258-73, and a density of 0.920 . g/cm^, determined according to ASTM Standard Specification D 2839. Ihe silica used in Examples 2 and 4 is an amorphous synthetic silica obtained by a wet process.
The talc used in Examples 3 and 5 is a product having an average particle size of 3 pm, supplied by the Societe des Talcs de Luzenac under the name talc 10 MOOS.
The various compositions are then extruded to form 30 pm thick films. The following properties are measured on these films: the clarity, measured according to ASTM Standard Specification D-1746 and expressed as a percentage. the haze, measured according to ASTM Standard Specification D-1003 and expressed as a percentage. - the coefficient of dynamic friction measured, according to ASTM Standard Specification D-1894, on. the inner face and the outer face of the film.
S2386 -5the blocking character at ambient temperature (20°C), expressed in grams and measured according to ASTM Standard Specification D-3354.
These properties are indicated in Table I below.
As will be understood, Examples 1, 2 and 4 are comparison examples.
TABLE I Example Talc (ppm) Silica (ppm) • Clarity % Haze % Friction Inner Outer Blocking Character (g) 1 0 0 55 7.5 0.35 0.15 39 10 2 0 250 46 7.9 0.50 0.29 35 3 250 0 •61 6.4 0.46 0.20 31 4 0 1000 31 8.9 0.69 0.63 29 5 1p00 0· 55 7.1 0.30 0.19 29 EXAMPLES 6 to 9 Homogeneous compositions containing silica or talc and, if appropriate, oleamide as a slip agent (SA) are prepared in a mixer from the ethylene polymer used in the preceding examples. The silica and the talc are those already used in the preceding examples.
The various compositions are extruded to form 30 pm thick films on which the blocking character at 5O°C,' expressed in grams, is measured according to the method described above.
The amounts of additives used, and also the blocking character, are indicated in Table II below.
As will be understood, Examples 6 and 8 are comparison examples. -6TABLE II Example 6 7 8 9 SA (ppm) 0 0 1,000 1,000 Talc (ppm) 0 1,000 0 1,000 Silica (ppm) 1,000 0 1,000 0 Blocking character (g) 58 48 36 28 EXAMPLE 10 v A homogeneous composition containing 900 ppm of talc 10 MOOS and 400 ppm of oleamide is prepared in a mixer from an ethylene homopolymer having a melt index of 3.1 dg/minute (determined according to ASTM Standard Specification D 1238-73) and a density of 0.922 g/cm^ (determined according to ASTM Standard Specification D-2839). This composition is extruded to form a 55 pm thick film, on which the coefficient of dynamic friction on the inner face is measured (according to ASTM Standard Specification D-1894), the clarity is measured (according to ASTM Standard Specification D1746) and the gloss is measured (according to ASTM Standard Specification D-523), properties are as follows: Friction Clarity The values of these Gloss 0.13 56 % 98 % EXAMPLES 11 to 13 Homogeneous compositions containing different amounts of the talc already used in the preceding examples -7are prepared in a mixer from an ethylene/but-1-ene copolymer having a melt index of 1 dg/mn (determined according to ASTM Standard Specification D 1238-73) and a density of 0.920 g/cm^ (determined according to ASTM Standard Specification D-2839). These compositions are .extruded to form 25-pm thick films, on which the coefficient of dynamic fricuion on the outer face is measured (according to ASTM Standard Specification D-1894) and the blocking character at 70°C is measured (according to ASTM Standard Specification D-3554). The values of these properties are indicated in Table III below.
As will be understood, Example 11 is a comparison example.
TABLE III Example 11 12 13 Talc (ppm) 0 . 500 2,000 Blocking character (g) 47 34 13 Friction (outer) 0.74 0.62 0.57
Claims (11)
1. Anti-blocking composition based on ethylene polymer, characterised in that it contains from 200 to 2,500 ppm of talc.
2. Anti-blocking composition according to Claim 1, characterised in that the ethylene polymer is chosen ) from amongst ethylene homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene with at least one co-monomer chosen from amongst carboxylic acid vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, carbon monoxide, maleic anhydride, alkyl acrylates and methacrylates in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and olefines having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
3. Anti-blocking composition according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the ethylene polymer has a melt index of between 0.2 and 10 dg/minute.
4. Anti-blocking composition according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the ethylene polymer has a density of between 0.905 and 0.935 g/cm^.
5. Anti-blocking composition according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the talc contains minor amounts of metal oxides such as alumina or iron oxide.
6. Anti-blocking composition according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it contains from 200 to 1,000 ppm of talc.
7. Anti-blocking composition according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the average particle size of the talc is between 1 and 5 pm. -98.
Anti-blocking composition according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it also contains up to 1,500 ppm of a slip agent.
9. Anti-blocking composition according to Claim 8, 5 characterised in that the slip agent is an unsaturated fatty acid amide having at least 8 carbon atoms.
10. Antiblocking composition according to any of the preceding claims, substantially as described herein by way of Example.
11. Film having a thickness of between 7 and 150 pm, characterised 10 in that it is obtained by extrusion-blowing or co-extrusion from an anti-blocking composition according to one of claims 1 to 10. Dated this 4th day of March, 1982.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8104389A FR2501217B1 (en) | 1981-03-05 | 1981-03-05 | ANTI-LOCKING COMPOSITIONS BASED ON POLYETHYLENE AND FILMS OBTAINED |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE820484L IE820484L (en) | 1982-09-05 |
| IE52386B1 true IE52386B1 (en) | 1987-10-14 |
Family
ID=9255883
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE484/82A IE52386B1 (en) | 1981-03-05 | 1982-03-04 | Antiblocking compositions made from polyethylene and films obtained therefrom |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0060178B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS57159835A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE19641T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU8112682A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8201148A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1196746A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS235533B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3270946D1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2501217B1 (en) |
| IE (1) | IE52386B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN157645B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO820687L (en) |
| PT (1) | PT74531B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6710158B2 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2004-03-23 | Wellman, Inc. | Methods for making polyester bottle resins having reduced frictional properties |
| US7858731B2 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2010-12-28 | Wellman, Inc. | Polyester resins and polyester containers having reduced frictional properties |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59210961A (en) * | 1983-05-16 | 1984-11-29 | Nippon Petrochem Co Ltd | Resin composition for forming film having blocking resistance |
| WO1985000613A1 (en) * | 1983-07-15 | 1985-02-14 | The Dow Chemical Company | Slip and block additives for olefin polymers |
| GB2144750B (en) * | 1983-08-09 | 1987-01-28 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Nucleated plastics dielectrics |
| US4517316A (en) * | 1984-01-24 | 1985-05-14 | Dasurat Enterprises Pte Ltd. | Porous irrigation pipe prepared from particulate elastomer and thermoplastic binder containing controlled moisture content |
| US4560614A (en) * | 1984-12-19 | 1985-12-24 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Non-blocking opaque film |
| JPH05301999A (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1993-11-16 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Transparent sheet |
| BE1011282A3 (en) * | 1997-07-14 | 1999-07-06 | Solvay | Composition based on polyethylene and method for manufacturing shaped objects from the composition. |
| JP4782944B2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2011-09-28 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Rubber adhesion inhibitor |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB822498A (en) * | 1956-06-01 | 1959-10-28 | Ici Ltd | Polyethylene films |
| US2991264A (en) * | 1957-05-01 | 1961-07-04 | Du Pont | Method of partially crystallizing an alpha-olefin polymer |
| FR1235862A (en) * | 1959-09-16 | 1960-07-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | New polyethylene composition and thin film formed from this composition |
| NL6614081A (en) * | 1965-10-11 | 1967-04-12 | ||
| US3969304A (en) * | 1974-11-27 | 1976-07-13 | National Distillers And Chemical Corporation | Ethylene polymer films |
-
1981
- 1981-03-05 FR FR8104389A patent/FR2501217B1/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-02-05 IN IN99/DEL/82A patent/IN157645B/en unknown
- 1982-02-08 CA CA000395727A patent/CA1196746A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-26 EP EP82400332A patent/EP0060178B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-26 DE DE8282400332T patent/DE3270946D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-26 AT AT82400332T patent/ATE19641T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-03-03 CS CS821449A patent/CS235533B2/en unknown
- 1982-03-04 NO NO820687A patent/NO820687L/en unknown
- 1982-03-04 PT PT74531A patent/PT74531B/en unknown
- 1982-03-04 BR BR8201148A patent/BR8201148A/en unknown
- 1982-03-04 AU AU81126/82A patent/AU8112682A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1982-03-04 IE IE484/82A patent/IE52386B1/en unknown
- 1982-03-05 JP JP57034999A patent/JPS57159835A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6710158B2 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2004-03-23 | Wellman, Inc. | Methods for making polyester bottle resins having reduced frictional properties |
| US7858731B2 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2010-12-28 | Wellman, Inc. | Polyester resins and polyester containers having reduced frictional properties |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2501217A1 (en) | 1982-09-10 |
| JPS57159835A (en) | 1982-10-02 |
| CS235533B2 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
| IN157645B (en) | 1986-05-10 |
| PT74531B (en) | 1983-11-08 |
| FR2501217B1 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
| NO820687L (en) | 1982-09-06 |
| PT74531A (en) | 1982-04-01 |
| DE3270946D1 (en) | 1986-06-12 |
| CA1196746A (en) | 1985-11-12 |
| BR8201148A (en) | 1983-01-11 |
| EP0060178B1 (en) | 1986-05-07 |
| EP0060178A1 (en) | 1982-09-15 |
| IE820484L (en) | 1982-09-05 |
| AU8112682A (en) | 1982-09-09 |
| ATE19641T1 (en) | 1986-05-15 |
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