GB841198A - An improved internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

841,198. Radial-cylinder four-stroke engines;; cam driving-gear; cylinder scavenging, cooling and construction; combustion chambers; ignition valves. CASINI, C. R. Aug. 30, 1956 [Sept. 14, 1955; Nov. 9, 1955], No. 26465/56. Classes 7(2), 7(3) and 7(4). [Also in Group XXVI] Driving-gear. Cam surfaces 39, 40, Figs: 5 and 6, of a stationary (or rotary) casing 1 and on which rectangular pistons 8 radially mounted in a rotary (or stationary) cylinder block 6 react via rollers 34, 35, are circular arcs, centred on the engine axis over a portion CD corresponding to combustion at constant volume and a portion FA corresponding to scavenging at constant volume. Over the portion CD the surfaces 39, 40 are laterally stepped to provide alternative cam tracks affording differing compression ratios and with one or other of which the rollers 34, 35 are aligned by sliding of each roller mounting 33, in a dovetail etc. connection 9 with its piston 8, at an unstepped point of the surfaces 39, 40, e.g. in that portion AB corresponding to intake. Such sliding may be effected mechanically or electrically from a foot throttle; Fig. 4 shows rollers 36 on the mounting 33 acted on by plungers 44, 441 via parallelogram lever linkages 42, 421 pivoted on casing side plates 24,241. Cylinders. The casing side plates 24, 24<SP>1</SP> each have inlet and exhaust ports 30, 28, Fig. 1, coacting in turn with ports 22 in cylinder block end plates 15, 15<SP>1</SP> and shaped as shown in Fig. 8 to correspond with the cylinder combustion chamber cross-section substantially at T.D.C. The plates 24, 24<SP>1</SP> mount sparking plugs 44 which ignite a combustible mixture charge through the ports 22 or may be replaced by fuel injectors if an air charge is used. The plates 24, 241 also have ports 29 which, when they align with a pair of ports 22, allow air from a fan 52 to scavenge the respective cylinder. The fan 52 also blows cooling air through tubes 14, Fig. 5, traversing inter-cylinder water jackets 13 in communication through ports 23 with water supply and exhaust compartments formed in a hollow cylinder block support shaft 20 by a partition 50, Fig. 6. The fan 52 may blow air into the tubes 14 via a duct. Water-cooling may be dispensed with, air being blown through inter-cylinder ducts 13, Fig. 8, narrower at their exit than at their entry so that air passes via the ports 23 to the shaft 20 which is unpartitioned and also receives air from the fan 52 direct; cooling fins parallel to the air flow may be provided. The ports 22 have seals 32, Fig. 6, which may be forced against the plates 24, 24<SP>1</SP> by spring or cylinder-gas pressure. Pistons. Each piston 8 has one or more piston rings 16, each in four equal parts which may be suitably joined, and which are pressed into operative contact by spring or cylinder-gas pressure. Lubricating. The casing 1 forms an oil bath and ducts through the plates 24, 241 lubricate the seals 32.