GB2217359A - Prestressed concrete staircases - Google Patents
Prestressed concrete staircases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2217359A GB2217359A GB8808717A GB8808717A GB2217359A GB 2217359 A GB2217359 A GB 2217359A GB 8808717 A GB8808717 A GB 8808717A GB 8808717 A GB8808717 A GB 8808717A GB 2217359 A GB2217359 A GB 2217359A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- staircase
- mould
- soffit
- mould according
- former
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/0056—Means for inserting the elements into the mould or supporting them in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
- B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/22—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units
- B28B7/225—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units for making stairs or stair units comprising more than one step
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
- E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
- E04F11/104—Treads
- E04F11/116—Treads of stone, concrete or like material or with an upper layer of stone or stone like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with an upper layer of glass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
Abstract
The staircase is a single-piece concrete casting incorporated pre-stressed stressing wires 1 instead of a reinforcement cage. Steel angles 9 at the ends of the stairs ar fixed to anchor bars (11, 12, 2B) for transferring the load of the staircase to landings. The staircase is edge-moulded in a steel mould. A soffit former (22, Fig 5) has attached to it stressing means for imposing the pre-stress on the wires 1. Because the pre-stressed wires would cause the mould to jam when the wires are released from the stressing means, the step forming assembly is moved away from the soffit former, by drive means (23, Fig 5), prior to release of the wires. <IMAGE>
Description
CONCRETE STAIRCASES
The present invention relates to concrete staircases and to a method of and apparatus for making concrete staircases.
It is a very well known standard practice in the building industry to mould concrete staircases.
Staircases are required by Architects to be made in many different variations. Staircases may have integral top and/or bottom landings. Staircases have variations in: flight length, i.e. number of steps; tread length; riser height; width; and waist thickness. A staircase may be supported only by the landings and end walls extending transversely of the staircase, or it may be supported by side walls extending parallel to the staircase.
Because of these many variations, it has long been the standard practice in the building industry to mould concrete staircases in wooden moulds specially made for a batch of one or more staircases of a particular configuration. Reinforcement cages are incorporated in the moulded staircase.
More recently proposals have been made to mould concrete staircases in steel moulds which are reconfigurable to provide a range of different configurations; see GB-A-2193922 of Bison Limited.
Only the standard practice of using reinforcement cages has been proposed for use with the steel moulds, in line with the long-standing practice in the industry. Such staircases moulded in steel moulds and incorporating reinforcement cages can be made with, or without, integral top and/or bottom landings as desired.
It has also been well known in the building industry to prestress moulded concrete items such as load bearing beams. Such items are usually substantially straight and of uniform section. Further such items are not made in large numbers with large variations in configuration and cross-section.
Although it is believed that a proposal to support a moulded concrete staircase on a prestressed beam has been made in the past, as far as is known to the
Applicants, who have over 25 years experience in moulding concrete items including staircases, no proposal or even suggestion to make a pre-stressed concrete staircase has hitherto been made.
It is believed that those skilled in the art of moulding concrete items have been inhibited from considering pre-stressing of moulded concrete staircases due to: the immediately evident problems of unsuitable moulding techniques; the non-uniform cross-section of stairs; the apparent variety of staircase configurations including the presence of integral landings on many types of staircase; and the long standing practices in the art.
The standard practice of using wooden moulds prevents the use of pre-stressing because the moulds would burst. Because many staircases are moulded with one or more integral landings, that also precludes pre-stressing because such stressing cannot be performed around angles.
It is believed that the Applicants are the first to recognise the following conditions: a major proportion of the market for moulded concrete staircases is for straight staircases without integral landings; the afore-mentioned proposal to use steel moulds allows, in principle, moulds strong enough to withstand pre-stressing (although other technical problems occur); and such moulds provide a range of configurations which make the application of pre-stressing to an item produced in large numbers with a variety of configurations and cross-sections practicable. The simultaneous recognition of all of those conditions is believed to be a prerequisite to making the step away from the normal practices in the art and leading to the present invention.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pre-stressed moulded concrete staircase.
According to another aspectr there is provided a moulded concrete staircase in the form of a straight flight, the staircase including pre-stressed members.
A further aspect of the present invention provides a mould for moulding a pre-stressed concrete staircase, comprising a soffit former, step forming means, support means for supporting the soffit former and step forming means spaced apart, and means for maintaining tension on the stressing members and spacing the tensioned stressing members from the soffit former. The mould is preferably of steel. An embodiment of the mould comprises drive means for adjusting the spacing between the soffit former and the step forming means.
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig 1A is a side elevational view, in section, of the top of a flight;
Fig 1B is a side elevational view, in section, of the bottom of a flight;
Fig 2A is a side view of a load transferring device for the top of the flight;
Fig 2B is a side view of a load transferring device for the bottom of the flight;
Fig 3 is a rear view of the load transferring device for the bottom of the flight;
Fig 4 is a top plan view of a staircase;
Fig 5 is an end elevational view in cross-section of a mould for making the staircase of Figs 1 to 4;
Fig 6 is a top plan view of the mould;
Fig 7 is a rear elevational view of the mould;
Fig 8 is a front elevational view of the mould;;
Fig 9A is another cross-sectional view showing in more detail means for moving step formers of the mould;
Figure 9B shows a further detail of the mould;
Fig 10 is a partial rear elevational view showing the moving means;
Figs 11, 12 and 13 illustrate an end plate; and
Fig 14 shows a modification of the moving means.
Referring to Figures lA, 1B and 4, there is shown a straight flight of stairs moulded of concrete and incorporating pre-stressed stressing members 1 extending along the length of the flight within the waist. The members 1 are spaced from the soffit 2 and from the intersections of the treads 3 with the risers 4. A plurality of the members 1, e.g. wires, are arranged spaced apart across the widths of the flight.
The number of wires 1, the spacing of the wires from each other and from the soffit is a matter to be determined by the designer of flight and is within the normal skill of the designer. It is so arranged that the wires 1 emerge from the staircase at vertical surfaces 6 at the top and bottom steps.
Transverse reinforcing bars 5 are shown provided in the waist, and in the top and bottom steps but may be omitted in suitable circumstances.
In use, the staircase is suspended between top 7 and bottom 8 landings indicated by dashed lines in Figures 1A and 1B.
The staircase is suspended by means 9 which transfers the load of the staircase to the landing. The load transfer means 9 comprises an angle 10 having a horizontal limb for engaging the landing 7 or 8 and a vertical limb welded to loops 12 on a plurality of looped bars (anchor bars) 11 embedded in the concrete of the top or bottom step and the step(s) adjacent thereto. The number of bars 11 may or may not be the same as the number of wires 1.
Each looped bar has a linear portion extending parallel to the wires 1 for a distance of about 2 steps. The width of the angle 10 is no greater than the width of the staircase.
As shown in Figures 1A and 1B, the landing 7 or 8 has a projection 13 which causes the existence of a void 14 between the staircase and the landing. The void requires to be filled by grout, and for that purpose openings (not shown) are provided in angle 10. The projection 13 may be omitted from the landing, but there is still likely to be a gap requiring filling via openings in the angle 10.
In order to make the staircase, a steel mould including a step forming assembly and a soffit former as described by way of example hereinafter, is used.
The mould is adjusted to the required configuration of the staircase. The reinforcing bars 5 (if used), wires 1 and load transfer means 9 are installed. The wires are pre-tensioned by means known in the art.
Concrete is poured into the mould, compacted, and allowed to set.
The mould is a modification of the mould described in
GB-A-2193922 (Bison Limited). Staircases are moulded on edge in the mould.
Referring to Figure 5, the mould comprises a base plate 20 from which the step forming assembly 21 upstands spaced from the soffit former 22. A drive mechanism 23 coupled to the step forming assembly 21 allows the horizontal (H) spacing of the assembly 21 from the soffit former to be adjusted.
The base plate 20 is spaced from the ground G by the support structure of the mould. The soffit former 22, which abuts an edge E of the base plate and is supported by a frame 24, is adjustable in position vertically (V). In this way, staircases of various widths can be made without the need for packing being placed on the baseplate. Instead, the vertical position of the soffit former is adjusted so that its top edge T is spaced from the base plate 20 by the desired stair width.
For that purpose, the frame 24 comprises vertical supports in which there are slots 240. Bolts 241 which are attached to fixings on the soffit former 22 pass through the slots. (see Figure 8).
It is important to hold the soffit former vertical.
That is done by providing: footings 247 on the support structure of the mould and against which the bottoms of the supports abut; and spacer tubes 242 which precisely space the tops of the supports 240 from further fixed vertical supports 243 of the structure. Rods 244 pass through the tubes 242 and are fixed in slots in the tops of the vertical supports 240, 243 using nuts 245. Bolts 246 urge the bottoms of the supports 240 against the footings 247.
Such an arrangement allows the nuts 245 and bolts 246 to be loosened, the rods 244 and tubes 242 to be removed, and the soffit former 22 and frame 24 lifted away as a unit. The unit can easily be lifted back and put precisely into position by replacing the rods and tubes and tightening the nuts 245 and bolts 246.
The step forming assembly is identical to that described in GB-A-2193922. As described therein the step forming assembly comprises a plurality of identical step forming units having a fixed tread length. The units are bolted together in such a way as to allow adjustment of the riser height.
Attention is invited to GB-A-2193922 for a full description of the step forming assembly. As described therein, the step forming assembly comprises a plurality of step forming units each having integral first and second surfaces at an angle to each other and defining the treads and risers, the units being adjustable relative to each other to provide adjustment of the riser height. The riser defining surface of each unit faces the edge of the tread defining surface of its adjacent unit, and the unit is adjustable in the direction of the plane of the riser defining surface transversely to the plane of the tread defining surface.
Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the mould also comprises at one end a fixed cross head 25 to which ends of pre-stressing wires 26 are attached and at the other end a moveable cross-head 27 via which the wires 26 are tensioned. In order to tension the wires, hydraulic jacks 28 are placed between the moveable cross-head 27 and a further fixed cross-head 29. The moveable cross-head is moved by the jacks away from the cross-heads 25 and 29. The wires 26 are attached to the cross-head 27 and thus become tensioned. The wires pass through clamps, as known in the art, which abut the cross-head 29 and which maintain the tension on the wires after they have been tensioned by the jacks. The jacks can then be removed e.g. for use on another mould.
In the example shown in Figures 6 and 7, the cross-heads 25 and 29 are fixed to the ends of the soffit former 22, the moveable cross-head being supported in a frame 30 which is also fixed to the soffit former. Because the positions of the cross-heads 25, 29 relative to the soffit former are fixed, the spacing of the wires from the face of the soffit former is also fixed, irrespective of the waist thickness of the staircase to be moulded.
In the example shown in Figures 6 and 7, there is only one moveable cross-head, for tensioning the wires, at one end of the mould. In an alternative embodiment (not shown) moveable cross-heads may be provided at both ends of the mould. In principle, providing jacks and moveable cross-heads at both ends and simultaneously tensioning the wires from both ends would prevent or reduce movement of the moulded staircase when the tension on the wires outside the staircase is released. In practice, tensioning from both ends is difficult to achieve and also complicates the mould in that two moveable cross-heads and two sets of jacks are needed.
Using only one moveable cross-head at one end of the mould is simpler and practical. However, when the tension of the wires outside the moulded staircase is released, the staircase moves towards the fixed cross-head 25 jamming the mould so that the staircase cannot be lifted from the mould.
In order to overcome the jamming of the mould, the drive mechanism 23 is provided.
Once the staircase has been moulded and the concrete has set, and before the tension on the wires is released, the drive mechanism is operated to draw the step forming assembly 21 away from the soffit former 22 sufficiently to allow the staircase to be lifted from the mould.
The drive mechanism is best shown in Figures 9A and 10, although it is also shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7.
The step forming assembly is coupled by rods 31 to a support arrangement 32. The support arrangement comprises an upper pair 33 of horizontal channel members spaced apart to define a slot and a lower such pair 34. The rods pass through the slots and are fixed in place by nuts. The pairs of channel members are horizontally slidable in supports 35.
Screw jacks 36 distributed along the pairs 33, 34 move the pairs 33, 34 and thus the step forming assembly 21 towards and away from the soffit former 22. The screw jacks are driven via gear boxes 37 (e.g. SPIROL bevel gear boxes) via drive shafts 38 which extend parallel to the pairs 33, 34.
The shafts are driven via chains which are coupled to the shafts by sprockets 40. The chains are driven by sprockets 41 on a shaft 42 turned manually by a crank handle 43. Bearings 44 supported by a support structure 45 are provided at each end of the shaft 42.
Drive couplings 46 are provided along the shafts 38.
In addition stabilisers 47 are provided adjacent the sprockets 40 to prevent excessive movement of the shafts 38.
As shown in Figure 14, the shafts 38 could be driven by a motor 48 e.g. an electric or hydraulic motor. As shown in Figure 14, the motor is coupled by a torque limiter 49 to a gearbox 50 (e.g. a SPIROL bevel gearbox) which in turn drives drive shafts 51 coupled to the shafts 38 via further gearboxes 52.
The screw jacks 36 are provided on alternate ones of the vertical supports 243 to drive the pairs of channel members to the ends of the supports 35 furthest from the supports. By suitably adjusting the rods 31, the step forming assembly can thus always be driven to the same position by the screw jacks. As shown in Figure 9B, alternate ones of the vertical supports 243 are provided with whirly nuts 90 and corresponding screws 91 which are used to pull the channel members 33 to the ends of the supports 35 to prevent them bending.
By placing shims between the ends of the supports and the pairs of channel members, different waist thickness for staircases can be easily achieved without having to adjust the rods 31.
Whilst the step forming assembly defines the treads 3 and risers 4 and the soffit former defines the soffit 2 of the staircase shown in Figure 1, means are required to define the vertical end surfaces 6 at the top and bottom of the stairs. Such means comprises an end plate 60 as shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13.
The end plate 60 is between the soffit ormer 22 and the step forming assembly 21, having a flat surface 61 which engages a tread forming surface of the assembly 21, and an edge 62 which engages the soffit former 22. The end surface 6 is defined by a face 63. It will be recalled that the load transfer means 9 comprises an angle 10 having a horizontal limb which projects from the face 6. In order to accommodate the limb, the end plate 60 has a slot 64 in its face 63 through which the limb projects. The end plate 60 supports the angle 10 (and the looped bars 11 fixed to it) until the concrete sets. For that purpose the limb is held by bolts 65 between flanges 66, 67. In order to allow the stressing wires 26 to pass through the end plate, apertures 68 are provided.The apertures 68 are elongated to allow for variations in the angle of the face 63 relative to the soffit former.
The end plate is fixed to the soffit former 22 by a bracket (not shown) which connects the top end of the plate to the top edge T of the soffit former. This allows the end plate and the soffit former, and the cross heads to be lifted from the mould as a single unit and allows the pre-stressing wires to be easily put in place.
The mould shown in Figure 6 is shown shortened for convenience of illustration. The mould of Figure 6 comprises for example 21 step formers 21. Usually a flight of stairs comprises 14 steps or less. Thus the mould has capacity for e.g. two or more flights which can be simultaneously cast. The total number of steps in two staircases cast "in tandem" in the mould will be less than the total number of step formers because of the space occupied by the end plates.
Claims (32)
1. A prestressed concrete staircase.
2. A straight single flight staircase without landings, the staircase being moulded of concrete and incorporating pre-stressed stressing members.
3. A staircase according to claim 2, further comprising means for transferring the stair load from the stressing members to a top landing.
4. A staircase according to claim 3, wherein the load transferring means comprises a plurality of reinforcing members moulded into the staircase at the top end thereof, and a support member fixed to the reinforcing members for supporting the top end of the staircase on the top landing.
5. A staircase according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising means for transferring the stair load from the stressing members to a bottom landing.
6. A staircase according to claim 5, wherein the load transferring means comprises a plurality of reinforcing members moulded into the staircase at the bottom end thereof, and a support member fixed to the reinforcing members for supporting the bottom end of the staircase on the bottom landing.
7. A staircase according to claim 4 or 6, wherein each reinforcing member has an elongate portion extending parallel with the stressing members and integrally continuing into a looped portion having a first section extending substantially parallel with, and adjacent to, the end face of the staircase which in use faces a landing and a second section extending from the first section back towards the elongate portion.
8. A staircase according to claim 7, wherein the support member comprises an L-section member extending transversely of the staircase having a first limb fixed to the said first sections and a second limb projecting from the staircase to support the staircase on the landing.
9. A mould for moulding a pre-stressed concrete staircase, comprising:
a soffit former,
step forming means,
support means for supporting the soffit former and step forming means spaced apart, and
means for maintaining tension on the stressing members and spacing the tensioned stressing members from the soffit former.
10. A mould according to claim 9 of steel.
11. A mould according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the maintaining means is fixed to the soffit former.
12. A mould according to claim 9, 10 or 11, wherein the maintaining means comprises a fixed member at one end of the mould for holding one end of each stressing member, and a moveable member at the other end of the mould via which tension is applied to the stressing members.
13. A mould according to claim 9, 10 or 11, wherein the maintaining means comprises first and second moveable members at respective ends of the mould via which tension is applied to the stressing members.
14. A mould according to claim 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13, further comprising means for applying tension to the stressing members.
15. A mould according to claim 14 when dependent on claim 12, wherein the applying means comprises means for moving the said moveable member away from the said fixed member.
16. A mould according to claim 14 when dependent on claim 13, wherein the applying means comprises means for moving both of the said moveable members away from each other.
17. A mould according to any one of claims 9 to 16, further comprising drive means for adjusting the spacing between the soffit former and the step forming means.
18. A mould according to claim 17, wherein the support means comprises a moveable support arrangement for supporting the step forming means, and the drive means is coupled to the moveable support arrangement to move the step forming means.
19. A mould according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the drive means is manually powered.
20. A mould according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the drive means comprises a motor.
21. A mould according to claim 20, wherein the motor is an electric motor.
22. A mould according to any one of claims 9 to 21, wherein the step forming means comprises an assembly of a plurality of substantially identical step forming units which are reconfigurable.
23. A mould according to any one of claims 9 to 21, wherein the step forming means comprises a plurality of step forming units each having integral first and second surfaces at an angle to each other and defining the treads and risers, the units being adjustable relative to each other to provide adjustment of the riser height.
24. A mould according to claim 23, wherein the riser defining surface of each unit faces the edge of the tread defining surface of its adjacent unit, and the unit is adjustable in the direction of the plane of the riser defining surface transversely to the plane of the tread defining surface.
25. A mould according to any one of claims 9 to 24, wherein the support structure supports the soffit former and the step forming means with their staircase forming surfaces vertical, whereby the staircases are edge-moulded.
26. A mould according to claim 25, comprising a base from which the step-forming means upstands, and wherein the vertical position of the soffit former is adjustable relative to the base.
27. A mould according to claim 26, wherein the soffit defining surface of the soffit former is supported by and is adjustable in position relative to a frame.
28. A mould according to any preceding claim further comprising end forming means for positioning between the soffit former and the step forming means to define an end surface, which faces a landing, of a staircase, the end forming means being apertured to allow the stressing members to pass therethrough.
29. A mould according to claim 28 for moulding a concrete staircase having a member projecting from the said end surface, the end forming means including means for supporting the projecting member.
30. A mould for moulding a pre-stressed concrete staircase substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 5 to 13 optionally as modified by
Figure 14 of the accompanying drawings.
31. A pre-stressed concrete staircase substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings.
32. A pre-stressed concrete staircase having a flight of stairs moulded of concrete and incorporating a plurality of stressed stressing members within the concrete extending along the length of the flight, the stressing members being arranged spaced apart across the width of the flight.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8808717A GB2217359B (en) | 1988-04-13 | 1988-04-13 | Concrete staircases |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8808717A GB2217359B (en) | 1988-04-13 | 1988-04-13 | Concrete staircases |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8808717D0 GB8808717D0 (en) | 1988-05-18 |
GB2217359A true GB2217359A (en) | 1989-10-25 |
GB2217359B GB2217359B (en) | 1991-11-27 |
Family
ID=10635120
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8808717A Expired - Lifetime GB2217359B (en) | 1988-04-13 | 1988-04-13 | Concrete staircases |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2217359B (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4405686A1 (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1995-08-24 | Matthias Bau Gmbh | Prefabricated self=supporting staircase |
WO1998057008A1 (en) | 1997-06-10 | 1998-12-17 | Nicholas James Marshall | Stairway system |
GB2327099A (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-01-13 | Nicholas James Marshall | Stairway system; prefabricated modules |
EP0941825A2 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-09-15 | Kevin Geraghty | Stairway manufacture |
GB2355224A (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2001-04-18 | Peter Gary Rudd | Kerb edge |
US20090266969A1 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2009-10-29 | Anthony William Costello | Stair forming apparatus and related methods |
AT514197B1 (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-15 | Franz Oberndorfer Gmbh & Co Kg | Formwork for the production of a staircase |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109109139A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-01 | 贵州中昇东浩科技有限公司 | A kind of precast stair mold |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB630329A (en) * | 1946-01-12 | 1949-10-11 | Johannes Philippus Welschen | An improved method of and means for making stairs of concrete or like hardening substance |
GB786955A (en) * | 1954-03-04 | 1957-11-27 | Costain Concrete Company Ltd | Improvements in or relating to pre-stressed concrete members |
-
1988
- 1988-04-13 GB GB8808717A patent/GB2217359B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB630329A (en) * | 1946-01-12 | 1949-10-11 | Johannes Philippus Welschen | An improved method of and means for making stairs of concrete or like hardening substance |
GB786955A (en) * | 1954-03-04 | 1957-11-27 | Costain Concrete Company Ltd | Improvements in or relating to pre-stressed concrete members |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4405686C2 (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1999-12-23 | Matthias Bau Gmbh | Production of a self-supporting, ready-to-run staircase |
DE4405686A1 (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1995-08-24 | Matthias Bau Gmbh | Prefabricated self=supporting staircase |
US6467234B1 (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 2002-10-22 | Nicholas James Marshall | Stairway system |
WO1998057008A1 (en) | 1997-06-10 | 1998-12-17 | Nicholas James Marshall | Stairway system |
GB2327099A (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-01-13 | Nicholas James Marshall | Stairway system; prefabricated modules |
GB2327099B (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 2001-11-07 | Nicholas James Marshall | Stairway system |
EP0941825A2 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-09-15 | Kevin Geraghty | Stairway manufacture |
EP0941825A3 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 2000-12-13 | Kevin Geraghty | Stairway manufacture |
GB2355224A (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2001-04-18 | Peter Gary Rudd | Kerb edge |
US20090266969A1 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2009-10-29 | Anthony William Costello | Stair forming apparatus and related methods |
US8262055B2 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2012-09-11 | Any Step Technology Limited | Stair forming apparatus and related methods |
AT514197B1 (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-15 | Franz Oberndorfer Gmbh & Co Kg | Formwork for the production of a staircase |
AT514197A4 (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-15 | Franz Oberndorfer Gmbh & Co Kg | Formwork for the production of a staircase |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8808717D0 (en) | 1988-05-18 |
GB2217359B (en) | 1991-11-27 |
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