GB2048165A - Tape measure - Google Patents
Tape measure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2048165A GB2048165A GB8010004A GB8010004A GB2048165A GB 2048165 A GB2048165 A GB 2048165A GB 8010004 A GB8010004 A GB 8010004A GB 8010004 A GB8010004 A GB 8010004A GB 2048165 A GB2048165 A GB 2048165A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- layers
- filaments
- fibre filaments
- tape measure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
- B29C70/083—Combinations of continuous fibres or fibrous profiled structures oriented in one direction and reinforcements forming a two dimensional structure, e.g. mats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/04—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a layer being specifically extensible by reason of its structure or arrangement, e.g. by reason of the chemical nature of the fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B3/10—Measuring tapes
- G01B3/1003—Measuring tapes characterised by structure or material; characterised by layout or indicia
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/05—5 or more layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B3/10—Measuring tapes
- G01B2003/1058—Manufacturing or assembling methods
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A tape measure consists of two inter-connected covering layers (1, 2) of plastics film, and of glass-fibre filaments (3, 4) arranged between the covering layers and extending substantially in the lengthwise direction of the tape. To obtain a measuring tape of this kind, which has great resistance to stretch and therefore good dimensional constancy, but which can be produced in the usual width and has a smooth surface, at least two layers (3, 4) of glass-fibre filaments are arranged between the covering layers (1, 2), and an intermediate layer (5) of plastics film is inserted between each two adjacent layers of glass-fibre filaments. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Tape measure
The invention relates to a tape measure consisting of two interconnected covering layers, each formed by a plastics film, and of glass-fibre filaments arranged between the covering layers and extending substantially in the longitudinal direction of the tape.
In the known tape measures of the abovestated kind, the glass fibre filaments are arranged in one layer. Because of the excellent properties they display when in use as compared with steel tape measures, such glass-fibre tape measures have largely displaced the latter in recent years.
Compared with the steel tape measures, they are distinguished by their bending strength and their buckling strength as well as by their resistance to corrosive media. Furthermore, the glass fibre tape measures are lighter in weight and therefore handier than steel tape measures, and in addition they can be used in those situations where the use of steel tape measures is not possible because of their electrical conductivity. Finally, glass-fibre tape measures can be produced at a lower cost.
However, particuarly in the case of glass fibre tape measures of fairly great length, the problem of stretching in the longitudinal direction has not yet been completely solved. Although glass-fibre filaments have a relatively high modulus of elasticity and therefore a low co-efficient of elongation, this and therefore the extensibility under tensile loading are considerably greater than in the case of steel tapes. However, particularly with long glass-fibre tape measures, there occur relatively large tensile forces which lead to high tensile stresses in the glass-fibre filaments and therefore to their elongation, since the total cross-sectional area of the glass-fibre filaments cannot readily be increased.The total cross-sectional area of the glass-fibre filaments can be increased either by means of a larger number of filaments of a given cross-sectional area, or by increasing the cross-sectional area of the filaments while retaining the original number thereof. With a single-layer construction of the reinforcing inserted layer, both of these solutions lead to wider tape measures. However. people are not used to wider tape measures, and such tape measures also require cases and support means which are clumsy to handle. In addition, the use of glass-fibre filaments of greater diameter also causes difficulties. Firstly, with glass-fibre filaments having a relatively large cross-section, the two covering layers are very difficult to join at their longitudinal edges, welding and bonding resulting in an unsatisfactory connection.
Secondly, glass-fibre filaments of excessively large cross-section lead to a tape measure having an uneven surface, since the glass-fibre filaments are placed too hard against the covering layers. This applies particularly in the case where the glassfibre filaments are disposed in zig-zag or wave-like form between the covering layers.
The object of the invention, is therefore, to provide an improved tape measure of the initially stated kind and possessing greater resistance to elongation and therefore greater constancy in dimensions, but being producible in the usual width and with a smooth surface.
According to the invention there is provided a tape measure consisting of two interconnected covering layers, each formed by a plastics film, and of glass-fibre filaments arranged between the covering layers and extending substantially in the longitudinal direction of the tape, wherein at least two layers of glass-fibre filaments are arranged between the covering layers, and an intermediate layer of plastics film is disposed between each pair of adjacent layers of glass-fibre filaments.
The solution in accordance with the invention results in low extensibility and therefore in great dimensional constancy by the provision of at least two superposed layers of glass-fibre filaments and by the insertion of an intermediate layer of plastics film between the layers of glass-fibre filaments.
The first-mentioned feature increases the total cross-section of the glass-fibre filaments so that, for a given tensile force, the tensile strength per unit of area and therefore the elongation are reduced. Nevertheless, the tape measure of the invention can be narrow, so that it can be readily handled and the usual case and supporting means can be used. Because of the second feature, i.e.
the insertion of an intermediate layer of plastics film between adjacent layers of glass-fibre filaments, a particularly intimate bond is created between the covering layers, the intermediate layer or layers, and the layers of glass-fibre filaments. Finally, the tape measure of the invention is easy to make and is therefore relatively inexpensive to produce.
A particularly firm bond and therefore high resistance to tearing are achieved when the intermediate layers are bonded to each other as well as to the covering layers by, for example, welding or the use of an adhesive. When the plastics films are welded together or joined by means of adhesives, the layers of glass-fibre filaments are completely penetrated by the plastics material of adhesive which is liquid at this stage, so that they are completely embedded in the plastics material or adhesive. Thus, the glassfibre filaments are extremely firmly fixed as regards their relative positions and in relation to the covering layers. In this way a very constant shape is imparted to the tape measure of the invention.
In a further form of the tape measure of the invention, the glass-fibre filaments in one layer are disposed opposite gaps in the adjacent layer.
Thus, despite the multi-layer construction of the tape measure of the invention, this feature leads to a thin tape measure, since the glass-fibre filaments of the adjacent layers nest with each other at least to some extent.
In one form of construction of the tape measure of the invention wherein a plurality of further glass-fibre filaments extends in zig-zag or wavelike form over the layer formed by the longitudinally extending glass-fibre filaments, advantage accrues if at least two layers of zig-zag or wave-like glass-fibre filaments are provided, and the crests of the waves of the fibres of one layer are disposed opposite the troughs of the waves of the fibres of the adjacent other layer. The glass-fibre filaments arranged in this way prevent the tape from continuing to tear in the longitudinal direction in the event of tearing of one or both covering layers.
The particular construction of the layer of glassfibre filaments can of course be selected as required. Thus, each layer of glass-fibre filaments can also be provided with transverse filaments.
The covering layers and the intermediate layers expediently consist of the same plastics material, e.g. elastic PVC.
An example of the construction of the tape measure of the invention is illustrated in the attached drawing. As shown therein, the tape measure consists of an upper covering layer 1, on which the graduations are marked, and of a lower covering layer 2. Arranged between these two covering layers 1 and 2 are two layers 3 and 4 of glass-fibre filaments extending substantially in the lengthwise direction of the tape and between which is inserted an intermediate layer 5. The covering layers 1 and 2 and the intermediate layer 5 are made of a suitable plastics film. The abovementioned layers are joined at least along the longitudinal edges by welding, bonding or the like.
Claims (5)
1. A tape measure consisting of two interconnected covering layers, each formed by a plastics film, and of glass-fibre filaments arranged between the covering layers and extending substantially in the longitudinal direction of the tape, wherein at least two layers of glass-fibre filaments are arranged between the covering layers, and an intermediate layer of plastics film is disposed between each pair of adjacent layers of glass-fibre filaments.
2. A tape measure according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer or layers is or are joined to the covering layers by welding, bonding or the like.
3. A tape measure according to claim 1, wherein the glass-fibre filaments in one of the layers are disposed opposite to gaps between filaments in the adjacent layer.
4. A tape measure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of further glass-fibre filaments extend in a zig-zag or wave-like form over the layer formed by the longitudinally extending glassfibre filaments, wherein at least two layers of glass-fibre filaments, extending in zig-zag or wave-like form, are provided, and the crests of the waves of the glass-like filaments of one of the layers are disposed opposite the troughs of the waves of the glass-fibre filaments of the adjacent other layer.
5. A tape measure substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE7908975 | 1979-03-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2048165A true GB2048165A (en) | 1980-12-10 |
Family
ID=6702549
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8010004A Withdrawn GB2048165A (en) | 1979-03-29 | 1980-03-25 | Tape measure |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2452373A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2048165A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1194637B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8002286L (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5445693A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1995-08-29 | Vane; Jeffrey A. | Method of producing a formable composite material |
| EP1015231A1 (en) * | 1997-01-08 | 2000-07-05 | Owens Corning | Transversely and axially reinforced pultrusion product |
| US9352528B1 (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-05-31 | Todd D. Brooks | Self-supporting collapsible and retractable elongate member and method of retracting |
| DE102017009592A1 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | Hoechstmass Balzer Gmbh | circular measuring tape |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1501783A (en) * | 1982-07-23 | 1984-01-26 | Fisco Products Limited | Measuring tape construction |
-
1980
- 1980-03-25 GB GB8010004A patent/GB2048165A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-03-25 SE SE8002286A patent/SE8002286L/en unknown
- 1980-03-26 IT IT20929/80A patent/IT1194637B/en active
- 1980-03-27 FR FR8006844A patent/FR2452373A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5445693A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1995-08-29 | Vane; Jeffrey A. | Method of producing a formable composite material |
| EP1015231A1 (en) * | 1997-01-08 | 2000-07-05 | Owens Corning | Transversely and axially reinforced pultrusion product |
| EP1015231A4 (en) * | 1997-01-08 | 2002-01-23 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Transversely and axially reinforced pultrusion product |
| US9352528B1 (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-05-31 | Todd D. Brooks | Self-supporting collapsible and retractable elongate member and method of retracting |
| DE102017009592A1 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | Hoechstmass Balzer Gmbh | circular measuring tape |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE8002286L (en) | 1980-09-30 |
| FR2452373A1 (en) | 1980-10-24 |
| IT1194637B (en) | 1988-09-22 |
| IT8020929A0 (en) | 1980-03-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |