FR3114026A1 - SKIN PERFECTION COSMETIC COMPOSITIONS and METHODS OF USE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to skin tightening compositions for application to the skin intended to impart an instant and noticeable improvement in the appearance of the skin. Skin tightening compositions typically include about 5 to about 45% by weight or more of one or more hydrophobic film-forming polymers comprising stearyl acrylate/methacrylate copolymer; about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of an inorganic thickening agent; about 1 to about 15% by weight of a silicone elastomer; and about 30 to about 85% by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon oil, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. Additionally, the skin tightening composition may have a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of mineral thickening agent of from 1:1 to 10:1 and a weight ratio of the total amount of silicone elastomer to the total amount of mineral thickener is 1:2 to 8:1. Figure for abstract: none

Description

SKIN PERFECTION COSMETIC COMPOSITIONS and METHODS OF USE

Domain of disclosure

The present disclosure relates to skin tightening compositions for application to the skin to provide an instant and noticeable improvement in the appearance of the skin, for example, by reducing the appearance of wrinkles, bags under the eyes, pores, and skin imperfections such as scars, dark spots (and uneven skin tone), dark circles, and roughness.

Context

Skin produces less collagen and elastin as it ages. For example, after the age of twenty, a person (human) produces about 1 percent less collagen in the skin each year. As a result, the skin becomes thinner and more fragile. Inevitably, wrinkles, crow's feet, age spots, eye bags, and the like begin to form.

Consumers often want to improve the appearance of such age-related skin imperfections, preferably with instant results. Many consumer products and procedures dedicated to concealing and reducing wrinkles are available. Some products and procedures are simple and inexpensive, for example, the application of make-up, in particular a base or colored foundation, to cover the skin (and thus cover and/or fill in wrinkles and give a smoother appearance ). Much more expensive and drastic procedures, such as surgical face lifts and Botox® injections, are also used to reduce the appearance of wrinkles. However, many consumers either cannot afford, or do not wish to undergo, such drastic cosmetic procedures. There are many lotions and creams that are formulated to moisturize the skin and make it more supple, thus reducing the appearance of wrinkles. Some of these products contain active ingredients, for example, niacinamide, which help repair and rejuvenate the skin over time. Unfortunately, however, all of these products and procedures have drawbacks.

Makeup products are often visible, provide minimal textural benefits, and have no long-lasting effect on the skin. After makeup removal, the skin seems to be the same as before makeup application. Common skincare products can have chronic, acute, or both effects on the skin. Hydrating and optical effects are common acute or fine benefits, but these benefits quickly fade over time.

Attempts have been made to develop new categories of products to improve the appearance of the skin without the drawbacks of existing products and procedures. Such a family of products can generally be qualified as “adhesive contractile film-forming polymers”. Film-forming polymers are chemical compositions which, when applied to the skin, leave a flexible, cohesive and continuous coating. Film-forming polymers of a restricted group are also adhesive to the skin and contractile.

Disclosure Summary

The present disclosure is directed to skin tightening compositions for imparting an instant and noticeable improvement in the appearance of the skin, for example, by reducing the appearance of wrinkles, eye bags, pores, and blemishes of the skin such as scars, dark spots (and uneven skin tone), dark circles, and roughness.

Skin tightening compositions have a unique composition, which surprisingly have enhanced sebum resistance. In some cases, the skin tightening compositions provided improved long-lasting wear. For example, some embodiments of the skin tightening composition can remain on a user's skin for up to about 5 hours, up to about 6 hours, up to about 7 hours, or up to approximately 8 hours without softening, being tacky/sticky, softening, losing its tightening properties, cracking, peeling, and/or whitening. In some cases, skin tightening compositions may have an accentuated odor profile. In addition to an enhanced odor profile, skin tightening compositions can desirably exhibit excellent transparency, haze, and gloss characteristics after forming a film on a user's skin.

Skin tightening compositions according to one aspect of the disclosure typically include:

- about 5 to about 45% by weight or more of one or more hydrophobic film-forming polymers comprising a copolymer of acrylates/stearyl methacrylate;

- about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of a mineral thickening agent,

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of mineral thickening agent is from 1:1 to 10:1;

- about 1 to about 15% by weight of a silicone elastomer; And

- about 30 to about 85% by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon oil,

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of silicone elastomer to the total amount of inorganic thickener is from 1:2 to 8:1, and all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition of skin tightening.

Non-limiting examples of suitable inorganic thickeners include silica silylate, fumed silica, zeolite, natural clay, synthetic clay, kaolin, hectorite, organically modified hectorite, pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate (and) disteardimonium hectorite (and) propylene carbonate, an activated clay, disteardimonium hectorite, stearalkonium hectorite, quaternium-18 bentonite, quaternium-18 hectorite, benzalkonium bentonite, or a mixture thereof.

The skin tightening composition can include a silicone elastomer that is selected from non-emulsifying silicone elastomers, emulsifying silicone elastomers, and a mixture thereof. Preferably, the weight ratio of the total amount of silicone elastomer to the total amount of mineral thickening agent is 1:2 to 8:1, 1:1 to 5:1, or 1:1 to 4: 1. Furthermore, the weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of mineral thickening agent is 1:1 to 10:1 or 1:1 to 7:1. In at least one instance, the skin tightening composition is anhydrous.

Additionally or alternatively, the skin tightening composition includes about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of a non-volatile fatty compound, wherein the one or more non-volatile fatty compounds are selected from polyolefins (petrolatum) , waxes, squalane, squalene, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, polybutene, mineral oil, pentahydrosqualene, dimethicone, and a mixture thereof.

The skin tightening composition can include a volatile hydrocarbon that is selected from isoparaffin, isohexadecane, isododecane, isodecane, undecane, tridecane, dodecane, isohexyl, isodecyl, neopentanoate, and a mixture thereof. Additionally or alternatively, the skin tightening composition can include about 1 to about 10% by weight of a nonionic surfactant. The skin tightening composition may include a nonionic surfactant. Preferably, the nonionic surfactant is chosen from dimethicone (and) peg/ppg-18/18 dimethicone, lauryl peg-9 polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone, cetyl peg/ppg-10/1 dimethicone, peg-30 dipolyhydroxystearate, diisostearate/polyhydroxystearate/ polyglyceryl-4 sebacate, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearate, and a mixture thereof.

In some cases, the skin tightening composition may include about 1 to about 10% by weight of a dispersant. The dispersant may be chosen from polyoxyethylene glycol ethers, POE/PEG ethers or esters, polyoxypropylene glycol ethers, PPG ethers or esters, sugar ethers or esters, glycerol or polyglycerol ethers or esters, and ethoxylated glyceride esters, poly(acid hydroxystearic), and a mixture thereof.

In some instances, the skin tightening compositions may comprise about 0.01 to about 20% by weight of an inorganic pigment, wherein the inorganic pigment is selected from titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, zinc, iron oxide, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, chromium oxide, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate, ferric blue, aluminum powder, copper powder, silver powder, gold powder , barium sulfate, carbon black, mica, and a mixture thereof.

A soft focus powder in an amount of about 0.1 to about 20% by weight may be included in the skin tightening composition. Suitable soft focus powders include talc, mica, titanated mica, alumina, aluminum silicate, silica which may or may not be coated, fumed silica, polyamide, cross-linked polymer of methyl methacrylate, poly((methyl meth)acrylate) , polyethylene powder, polymethylsilsesquioxane powder, nylon-12, cellulose, fluorescent lightening salt of nylon-12 (and) poly(vinyl alcohol) cross-linked polymer, and a mixture thereof.

In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, skin tightening compositions may include:

- approximately 5 to approximately 45% by weight of one or more hydrophobic film-forming polymers comprising a copolymer of acrylates/stearyl methacrylate;

- approximately 1 to approximately 35% by weight of a thickener chosen from polyamide-8, styrene/hydrogenated isoprene copolymer, nylon-611/dimethicone copolymer, crosslinked polymer of dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone, crosslinked polymer of dimethicone, copolymer of VP /EICOSENE, fumed silicas, hydrophobically modified silica, silica silylate, clays, and combinations thereof,

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of thickener is from 1:2 to 10:1;

- about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of a filler; And

- about 20 to about 85% by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon,

wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

The skin tightening compositions can be anhydrous. In some instances, the filler of the skin tightening composition should be selected from silica silylate, fumed silica, silica, nylon-12, cellulose, cross-linked polymer of methyl methacrylate, silicone powder, and a mixture thereof. For example, the filler can be silica silylate.

The skin tightening composition can include a volatile hydrocarbon which is selected from isoparaffin, isohexadecane, isododecane, isodecane, undecane, tridecane, dodecane, isohexyl, isodecyl, neopentanoate, and a mixture thereof. Additionally or alternatively, the skin tightening composition can include about 1 to about 10% by weight of a nonionic surfactant. Preferably, the nonionic surfactant is chosen from dimethicone (and) peg/ppg-18/18 dimethicone, lauryl peg-9 polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone, cetyl peg/ppg-10/1 dimethicone, peg-30 dipolyhydroxystearate, diisostearate/polyhydroxystearate/ polyglyceryl-4 sebacate, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearate, and a mixture thereof.

In some cases, the skin tightening composition may include about 1 to about 10% by weight of a dispersant. The dispersant may be chosen from polyoxyethylene glycol ethers, POE/PEG ethers or esters, polyoxypropylene glycol ethers, PPG ethers or esters, sugar ethers or esters, glycerol or polyglycerol ethers or esters, and ethoxylated glyceride esters, poly(acid hydroxystearic), and a mixture thereof.

An inorganic pigment may be included in the skin tightening composition. The inorganic pigment can be chosen from titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, mica, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, chromium oxide, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate , ferric blue, aluminum powder, copper powder, silver powder, gold powder, barium sulphate, carbon black, and a mixture thereof.

Methods for improving the appearance of the skin according to yet a further aspect of the disclosure typically include applying a skin tightening composition of the disclosure to the skin. Methods to improve the appearance of the skin may include:

- reduction of the appearance of wrinkles on the skin;

- reduction of the appearance of wrinkles on the skin;

- improving skin tone and/or improving skin tone evenness;

- improvement in the softness and/or smoothness of the skin;

- reduction in the appearance of bags under the eyes;

- reduction in the appearance of dark circles around and/or under the eyes;

- reduction in the appearance of pores and/or scars; and or

- increased radiance, luminosity and/or radiance of the skin.

D detailed description of the disclosure

The present disclosure is directed to skin tightening compositions intended to provide instant and noticeable improvement in the appearance of the skin, for example, by reducing the appearance of wrinkles, eye bags, pores, and skin blemishes. skin such as scars, dark spots (and uneven skin tone), dark circles, and roughness. The inventors have found that certain skin tightening compositions of the present disclosure also exhibit excellent transparency, haze, and gloss characteristics after forming a film on a user's skin. Unlike other products, the films formed on the skin are particularly durable, and are not subject to drying, whitening, cracking, or peeling. On the other hand, they remain flexible (elastic), durable, and comfortable. Additionally, the compositions (and resulting films) moisturize and protect the underlying skin.

The skin tightening compositions can be formulated to have enhanced sebum resistance. In some cases, the skin tightening compositions provided improved long-lasting wear. For example, some embodiments of the skin tightening composition can remain on a user's skin for up to about 5 hours, up to about 6 hours, up to about 7 hours, or up to approximately 8 hours without softening, being tacky/sticky, losing its tightening properties, cracking, peeling, and/or whitening.

In some cases, skin tightening compositions have a unique composition, which have an amazing smell profile. While some ingredients were expected to generate a chemical and/or resin odor, it was surprising that in some embodiments of the disclosure a natural odor profile was achieved. For example, some embodiments of the disclosure impart a reduced resin scent, which is often associated with a chemical scent. In some instances, the skin tightening composition exhibits an enhanced natural scent and/or a reduced chemical scent.

Skin tightening compositions according to one aspect of the disclosure typically include:

- about 5 to about 45% by weight or more of one or more hydrophobic film-forming polymers comprising a copolymer of acrylates/stearyl methacrylate;

- about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of a mineral thickening agent,

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of mineral thickening agent is from 1:1 to 10:1;

- about 1 to about 15% by weight of a silicone elastomer; And

- about 30 to about 85% by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon oil,

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of silicone elastomer to the total amount of inorganic thickener is from 1:2 to 8:1, and all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition of skin tightening.

The weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of mineral thickening agent (film-forming polymers: mineral thickening agent) is 1:1 to 10:1. The ratio, however, can be greater than 1:1 (e.g., 1.1:1 or 1.2:1) to 10:1, i.e., the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers is greater. than the total amount of mineral thickening agent. In some cases, the ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of mineral thickening agent (film-forming polymers: mineral thickening agent) is 1:1 to 8:1, 1:1 to 7.5:1 , 1:1 to 7:1, 1:1 to 6.5:1, 1:1 to 6:1, 1:1 to 5.5:1, 1:1 to 5:1, 1:1 to 4 ,5:1, 1:1 to 4:1, 1:1 to 3.5:1, 1:1 to 3:1, 1:1 to 2.5:1, 1:1 to 2:1, or all ranges and sub-ranges included.

The weight ratio of total amount of silicone elastomers to total amount of mineral thickener (silicone elastomer:mineral thickener) is 1:2 to 8:1. The ratio can, however, be greater than 1:2 (for example, 1.1:2 or 1.2:2) to 8:1, i.e. the total amount of silicone elastomers is greater than the total amount of mineral thickening agent. In some cases, the ratio of the total amount of silicone elastomers to the total amount of mineral thickening agent is 1:1 to 4:1, 1:1 to 3.5:1, 1:1 to 3: 1, 1.1:1 to 4:1, 1.1 to 3.5:1, 1.1:1 to 3:1, 1.2:1 to 4:1, 1.2:1 to 3, 5:1, or 1.2:1 to 3:1, or all inclusive ranges and subranges.

In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, skin tightening compositions may include:

- approximately 5 to approximately 45% by weight of one or more hydrophobic film-forming polymers comprising a copolymer of acrylates/stearyl methacrylate;

- approximately 1 to approximately 35% by weight of a thickener chosen from polyamide-8, styrene/hydrogenated isoprene copolymer, nylon-611/dimethicone copolymer, crosslinked polymer of dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone, crosslinked polymer of dimethicone, copolymer of VP /EICOSENE, fumed silicas, hydrophobically modified silica, silica silylate, clays, and combinations thereof,

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of thickener is from 1:2 to 10:1;

- about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of a filler; And

- about 20 to about 85% by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon,

wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

In some cases, the weight ratio of the at least one hydrophobic film-forming polymer to the at least one thickening agent is from 1:2 to 8:1. Preferably, the weight ratio of the at least one hydrophobic film-forming polymer to the at least one thickening agent is from 1:2 to 8:1, 1:1.5 to 8:1, 1:1 to 8:1, 1:2 to 7.5:1, 1:2 to 7:1, 1:2 to 6.5:1, 1:2 to 6:1, 1:2 to 5.5:1, 1:2 to 5:1, 1:2 to 4.5:1, 1:2 to 4:1, 1:2 to 3.5:1, 1:2 to 3:1, 1:2 to 2.5:1, 1:2 to 2:1, or all ranges and sub-ranges included.

Moreover, a unique and surprising aspect of the present compositions is their ability to be formulated as aqueous compositions or as anhydrous (or essentially anhydrous) compositions. In some instances, the skin tightening compositions are anhydrous or substantially anhydrous (or substantially anhydrous). The term "substantially anhydrous" or "substantially anhydrous" means that the composition includes less than 5% by weight of water. However, the composition may include less than about 4% by weight, less than about 3% by weight, less than about 2% by weight, less than about 1% by weight, less than about 0.5% by weight, less than about 0.1% by weight water, less than about 0.05% by weight water, or less than 0.01% by weight water.

When the skin tightening compositions are aqueous compositions, the total amount of water in the skin tightening composition can vary but is typically from 5 to about 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. skin. The total amount of water may be 5 to about 35% by weight, 5 to about 30% by weight, 5 to about 25% by weight, 5 to about 20% by weight, about 6 to about 40% by weight, about 6 to about 35 wt%, about 6 to about 30 wt%, about 6 to about 25 wt%, about 6 to about 20 wt%, about 8 to about 40 wt%, about 8 to about 35 wt%, about 8 to about 30 wt%, about 8 to about 25 wt%, or about 8 to about 20 wt%, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Skin tightening compositions can be in the form of a cream, gel, lotion, serum, paste, and the like. When the skin tightening compositions include water, they may be in the form of an emulsion, for example, a water-in-oil emulsion or an oil-in-water emulsion. In some cases, a water-in-oil emulsion is preferred.

The viscosity of skin tightening compositions can vary. Nevertheless, in some cases, the viscosity is about 0.1 Pa.s to about 10,000 Pa.s at 25°C, and a shear rate of 1 s ^-1 at 25°C. Viscosity measurements can be made, for example, using a TA Instruments Rheometer, Model Discovery HR-3 (TA Instruments, New Castle DE), with a standard 40 mm/2 degree steel cone plane, and a procedure flow consisting of linearly increasing the shear rate from 0.01 s ^-1 to 1,000 s ^-1 at 25°C, following a conditioning step of 0.1 rad/s for 30 s at 25°C. In some cases, the viscosity is about 0.1 Pa.s at about 8000 Pa.s, about 0.1 Pa.s at about 5000 Pa.s, about 0.1 Pa.s at about 2000 Pa.S, about 1 Pa.s to about 10000 Pa.s, about 1 Pa.s to about 8000 Pa.s, about 1 Pa.s to about 5000 Pa.s, about 1 Pa.s to about 2000 Pa.s, about 1 Pa.s to about 1000 Pa.s, about 25 Pa.s to about 10,000 Pa.s, about 25 Pa.s to about 8000 Pa.s, about 25 Pa.s to about 5000 Pa.s, about 25 Pa.s to about 2000 Pa.s, or about 25 Pa.s to about 1000 Pa.s.

Suitable components, such as those listed below, may be included or excluded from formulations for the skin tightening compositions depending on the specific combination of other components, the form of the skin tightening compositions, and/or the use of the formulation.

Film-forming polymer(s)

The skin tightening composition includes one or more film-forming polymers, comprising at least one stearyl acrylate/methacrylate copolymer, typically in an amount of about 5 to about 45 weight percent or more, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. For example, the film forming polymers may be present in the skin tightening composition in an amount of about 5 to about 45% by weight, about 6 to about 45% by weight, about 8 to about 45% by weight, about 10 to about 45% by weight, about 12 to about 45% by weight; about 5 to about 45% by weight; about 5 to about 40 wt%, about 6 to about 40 wt%, about 8 to about 40 wt%, about 10 to about 40 wt%, about 12 to about 40 wt%; about 5 to about 35 wt%, about 6 to about 35 wt%, about 8 to about 35 wt%, about 10 to about 35 wt%, about 12 to about 35 wt%; about 5 to about 35% by weight; about 5 to about 30 wt%, about 6 to about 30 wt%, about 8 to about 30 wt%, about 10 to about 30 wt%, about 12 to about 30 wt%; about 5 to about 25 wt%, about 6 to about 25 wt%, about 8 to about 25 wt%, about 10 to about 25 wt%, about 12 to about 25 wt%; about 5 to about 20 wt%, about 6 to about 20 wt%, about 8 to about 20 wt%, about 10 to about 20 wt%, about 12 to about 20 wt%; about 5 to about 18 wt%, about 6 to about 18 wt%, about 8 to about 18 wt%, about 10 to about 18 wt%, about 12 to about 18 wt%, about 5 to about 16 % by weight, about 6 to about 16 % by weight, about 8 to about 16 % by weight, about 10 to about 16 % by weight, about 12 to about 16 % by weight, about 5 to about 14 % by weight, about 6 to about 14% by weight, about 8 to about 14% by weight, about 10 to about 14% by weight, about 12 to about 14% by weight, inclusive of all ranges and subranges included, based on total weight of the skin tightening composition.

In some cases, the total amount of film-forming polymer is substantially an acrylate/stearyl methacrylate copolymer. For example, the film-forming polymer can consist essentially of or consist of a copolymer of acrylates/stearyl methacrylate. In other instances, the skin tightening composition may include an acrylates/stearyl methacrylate copolymer in any of the amounts listed above for the film-forming polymer(s).

The film-forming polymers can include one or more film-forming polymers in addition to the stearyl acrylate/methacrylate copolymer. The expression “film-forming polymer” means a polymer which is capable of forming, by itself, or in the presence of an auxiliary film-forming agent, a macroscopically continuous deposit on a support, in particular on keratinous materials, and preferably a deposit cohesive, and better still a deposit whose cohesion and mechanical properties are such that said deposit can be isolated and handled in isolation, for example when said deposit is prepared by pouring onto a non-sticky surface, for example a surface coated with Teflon or coated of silicon.

The expression "hydrophobic film-forming polymer" denotes a film-forming polymer which has little or no affinity for water and, in this respect, does not lend itself to formulation in the form of a solute in an aqueous medium. . In particular, the term "hydrophobic polymer" means a polymer having a solubility in water at 25°C of less than 1% by weight.

The additional film-forming polymer may comprise or be selected from any of the film-forming polymers described in PCT/EP2020/068143, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

As described in PCT/EP2020/068143, the additional film-forming polymer(s) may be an oily dispersion comprising one or more particles of at least one surface-stabilized polymer with at least a stabilizer in a preferably anhydrous medium. For example, the aqueous dispersion may contain a hydrocarbon-based liquid fatty substance. The dispersions can consist of particles, which are generally spherical, and contain at least one surface-stabilized polymer, in an anhydrous medium. In some cases, the oily dispersion includes from 60% to 98% by weight, in particular from 75% to 96% of monomers a) to c), as mentioned below, relative to the total weight of polymers contained in said dispersion. The polymer particles i) of dispersion (A) preferably have a number-average size ranging from 5 to 500 nm, in particular ranging from 10 to 400 nm and better still ranging from 20 to 300 nm. The final particle size is preferably greater than 100 nm. In particular, the number-average size ranges from 100 nm to 500 nm, more particularly ranges from 150 nm to 400 nm and even more particularly ranges from 160 nm to 300 nm.

The film-forming polymer, or particles thereof, may or may be chosen from one or more of the following elements:

a) ethylenic homopolymers of alkyl (C ₁ to C ₁₈ )alkyl acrylate (C ₁ to C ₄ ), preferably ethylenic homopolymers of alkyl (meth)acrylate (C ₁ to C ₁₈ ) ;

b) ethylenic copolymers of (C ₁ to C ₁₈ ) alkyl acrylate (C ₁ to C ₄ ), preferably (C ₁ to C ₁₈ ) alkyl (meth)acrylate), and of acid (C ₁ to C ₁₈ )alkyl acrylic, preferably ethylenic copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid; And

c) ethylenic copolymers of (C ₁ to C ₁₈ ) alkyl acrylate (C ₁ to C ₄ ), preferably ethylenic copolymers of (C ₁ to C ₁₈ ) alkyl (meth)acrylate .

In at least one preferred embodiment of the invention, the film-forming polymer is an ethylenic acrylate homopolymer resulting from the polymerization of an identical monomer having a structure according to formula (I), below.

formula (I) in which:

- R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group (C ₁ to C ₄ ) such as methyl, and

- R′ represents an alkyl group (C ₁ to C ₁₈ ) such as methyl or ethyl, preferably a monomer of formula (I) is a C ₁ to C ₁₈ alkyl acrylate such as methyl acrylate.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the film-forming polymer can be an ethylenic acrylate copolymer b) resulting from the polymerization:

- at least one monomer of formula (I) as defined above, preferably a C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl acrylate such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate; And

- a monomer of formula (II), provided below.

formula (II) in which R is as defined previously, in particular the monomer of formula (II) is acrylic acid. The amount of acrylic acid ranges from 0.1% to 15% by weight based on the weight of monomers of particle i) and the polymer of particles i) is in particular a copolymer derived from the copolymerization of acrylic acid with one or several C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers chosen in particular from methyl (meth)acrylate and ethyl (meth)acrylate.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the polymer constituting the particles i) is an ethylenic acrylate copolymer b) derived from the polymerization:

- of at least two different monomers: of formula (I) as defined previously, preferably a C ₁ to C ₁₈ alkyl acrylate such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and stearyl acrylate; And

- optionally a monomer of formula (II) as defined above.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the polymer of particles i) is a polymer derived from C ₁ to C ₁₈ alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers. The monomers are preferably chosen from methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate and (meth)acrylate. tert-butyl acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate and more preferably chosen from methyl (meth)acrylate and stearyl (meth)acrylate.

Advantageously, a C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl acrylate monomer is used. Preferably, the monomers are chosen from methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate. A C ₁ to C ₁₈ alkyl methacrylate monomer is also particularly used. Preferably, the monomers are chosen from methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and stearyl methacrylate, more particularly stearyl methacrylate.

In yet another example, the film-forming polymer includes from 2% to 40% by weight, in particular 4% to 25%, in particular from 5% to 20% by weight of alkyl (C ₁ to C ₆ ) acrylate monomers of (C ₉ to C ₂₂ ) alkyl included in group d) or e) disclosed above, based on the total weight of the film-forming polymers.

According to another case, the particles i) include b) ethylenic copolymers of b1) alkyl (in C ₁ to C ₁₈ ) (alkyl) (in C ₁ to C ₄ ) acrylate and b2) ethylenic monomers comprising one or several carboxyl, anhydride, phosphoric acid, sulphonic acid and/or aryl groups such as benzyl. The ethylenic monomers can include one or more carboxyl, anhydride, phosphoric acid, sulfonic acid, and/or aryl groups selected from (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5), which are described below. below:

(1) R ¹ (R ² )C=C(R ³ )-Acid, R ¹ , R ² and R ³ representing a hydrogen atom or a CO ₂ H, H ₂ PO ₄ or SO ₃ H group, and Acid representing a carboxyl, phosphoric acid or sulphonic acid, preferably carboxyl, knowing that R ¹ , R ² and R ³ cannot simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom;

(2) H ₂ C=C(R)-C(O)-N(R')-Alk-Acid, R and R', which may be the same or different, representing a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group ( C ₁ to C ₄ ); Alk represents an alkylene group (C ₁ to C ₆ ) optionally substituted by at least one group chosen from Acid as defined above and hydroxyl; and Acid is as previously defined, preferably carboxyl or sulphonic acid;

(3) Ar-(R ^a )C=C(R ^b )-R ^c , R ^a , R ^b and R ^c , which may be the same or different, representing a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group (C ₁ to C ₄ ), and Ar representing an aryl group, preferably benzyl, optionally substituted by at least one CO ₂ H, H ₂ PO ₄ , or SO ₃ H acid group, preferably substituted by a CO ₂ H or SO ₃ group H,

(4) maleic anhydride of formulas (4a) and (4b):

formulas (4a) and (4b) in which R _a , R _b and R _c , which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group (C ₁ to C ₄ ); preferably, R _a , R _b , and R _c represent a hydrogen atom. Preferably, the ethylenically unsaturated anhydride monomer of the invention is of formula (4b) and more preferably is maleic anhydride; And

(5) H ₂ C=C(R)-C(O)-OH, R representing a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group (C ₁ to C ₄ ) such as methyl.

Preferably, b2) is an (alkyl) (C ₁ to C ₄ ) acrylic acid, for example, b) can be copolymers of (meth) acrylate (C ₁ to C ₄ ) alkyl and acid (meth)acrylic. In one case, b2) is selected from crotonic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylbenzoic acid, vinylphosphoric acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, acrylamidoglycolic acid, and their salts; preferably, b2) represents acrylic acid.

The film-forming polymers, or their particles, can be in a dispersion with stabilizers, such as ethylenic homopolymers of (alkyl) (C ₁ to C ₆ ) alkyl (C ₉ to C ₂₂ ) acrylate, in particular ethylenic homopolymers of alkyl (C ₁ to C ₄ ) acrylate (C ₉ to C ₁₈ ), preferably ethylenic homopolymers of alkyl (meth)acrylate (C ₉ to C ₂₂ ) and more preferably ethylenic homopolymers of alkyl (meth)acrylate (C ₉ to C ₁₈ ). Alkyl (C ₉ to C ₂₂ ) or alkyl groups (C ₉ to C ₁₈ ) can be linear or branched. In at least one case, the stabilizer(s) ii) consist(s) of ethylenic polymers chosen from d) ethylenic homopolymers resulting from the polymerization of monomers of formula H ₂ C=C(R)-C( O)-O-R'', R representing a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group (C ₁ to C ₄ ) such as methyl, and R'' representing an alkyl (C ₉ to C ₂₂ ) and preferably an alkyl group (C ₉ to C ₁₈ ). R'' can represent isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl or behenyl. R'' can alternatively represent a linear (C ₉ to C ₂₂ ) alkyl group and, preferably, a linear (C ₉ to C ₁₈ ) alkyl group. According to another particular embodiment of the invention, the stabilizer(s) ii) is (are) chosen from e) ethylenic copolymers of (alkyl) (C ₁ to C ₆ ) acrylate d alkyl (C ₉ to C ₂₂ ) and (alkyl) (C ₁ to C ₄ ) alkyl (C ₁ to C ₄ ) acrylate, in particular copolymers of (alkyl) (C ₁ to C ₄ ) alkyl (C ₉ to C ₁₈ ) acrylate and (alkyl) (C ₁ to C ₄ ) alkyl (C ₁ to C ₄ ) acrylate, preferably copolymers of (meth)acrylate d alkyl (C ₉ to C ₁₈ ) and alkyl (meth) acrylate (C ₁ to C ₄ ).

The stabilizer(s) ii) may be chosen from the ethylenic copolymers e) of formulas (III) and (IV):

formulas (III) and (IV):

- the Rs, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group (C ₁ to C ₄ ) such as methyl,

- the R', which may be identical or different, represent an alkyl group (C ₁ to C ₄ ) such as methyl or ethyl, and

- the R'' represent an alkyl (C ₉ to C ₂₂ ), preferably alkyl (C ₁₀ to C ₂₀ ) and in particular an alkyl group (C _2n ), n being an integer equal to 5, 6, 7 , 8, 9 or 10. Preferably, R'' represents isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl or behenyl.

Preferably, the stabilizer(s) ii) is (are) chosen from copolymers derived from monomers chosen from isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl and behenyl (meth)acrylates and from (meth)acrylate d C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl, preferably methyl (meth)acrylate. More preferably, the stabilizer(s) ii) is (are) chosen from copolymers derived from monomers chosen from isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl and hexadecyl (meth)acrylates and from (meth)acrylate d C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl, preferably methyl (meth)acrylate or ethyl (meth)acrylate. In particular, the stabilizer ii) can be chosen from a homopolymer of isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl or behenyl (meth)acrylate and random copolymers of isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl or behenyl (meth)acrylate and of C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate preferably present in a weight ratio of lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl or behenyl (meth)acrylate/C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate of more of 4.5. Said weight ratio can range from 5 to 15 and preferably from 5.5 to 12.

In another case, the stabilizer(s) ii) is (are) chosen from ethylenic copolymers e) derived from the polymerization of a monomer of formula (IV) as described above and of two different monomers of formula (III), as described above. In one case, the stabilizer(s) ii) is (are) chosen from copolymers derived from the polymerization of a monomer chosen from isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl and behenyl and two different C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylates, preferably methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate. In particular, the weight ratio of isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl or behenyl (meth)acrylates/C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate is greater than 4. Advantageously, said weight ratio ranges from 5 to 15 and more preferably said ratio by weight ranges from 5.5 to 11. In at least one other case, the stabilizer(s) ii) is (are) chosen from ethylenic copolymers e) derived from the polymerization of a monomer of formula (III) as defined above and of two different monomers of formula (IV) as defined above. For example, the stabilizer(s) ii) may be chosen from copolymers derived from the polymerization of two different monomers chosen from isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl and behenyl and one or more C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers, preferably methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate; in particular, the weight ratio of isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl or behenyl (meth)acrylates/C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate is greater than 4. Said weight ratio can range from 4.5 to 10 or 5 to 8.

In one case, the stabilizer(s) ii) is (are) chosen from copolymers derived from the polymerization of two different monomers chosen from isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl and behenyl and one or more C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers, preferably methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate; in particular, the weight ratio of isodecyl, lauryl, stearyl, hexadecyl or behenyl (meth)acrylates/C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate in the dispersion (A) is less than 1. In particular, said weight ratio can range from 0.05 to 0.5 and more preferably said weight ratio ranges from 0.08 to 0.2 in dispersion (A). According to a particular example, the stabilizer(s) ii) may (may) be present in a content ranging from 2% to 40% by weight, in particular from 3% to 30% by weight and preferably from 4% to 25% by weight based on the weight of the polymer(s) present in the dispersion (A). Preferably, the stabilizer(s) ii) and the particle(s) i) have a number-average molecular weight (Mn) between 1,000 and 1,000,000 g/mol, in particular between 5,000 and 500,000 g/mol and better still between 10,000 and 300,000 g/mol.

In addition or as a variant, the film-forming polymer(s) may (may) be chosen from copolymer of acrylic acid/isobutyl acrylates/isobornyl acrylate, trimethylsiloxysilicate, copolymer of acrylates /isobornyl acrylate, norbornene/tris(trimethylsiloxy)silylnorbornene copolymer, trimethyl acrylate/polysiloxymethacrylate copolymer, methyl acrylate/polysiloxymethacrylate copolymer, alkyl (C ₃₀ to C ₄₅ )dimethylsilylpolypropylsilsequioxane, trimethylsilsesquioxane, polypropylsilsesquioxane, acrylates/dimethicone, octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, VA/butyl maleate/isobornyl acrylate copolymer, acrylates/t-butylacrylamide copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, triacontanyl PVP copolymer , acrylates/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, and a combination thereof. In some instances, the at least one film-forming polymer includes one or more of acrylic acid/isobutyl acrylates/isobornyl acrylate copolymer, trimethylsiloxysilicate, acrylates/isobornyl acrylate copolymer, norbornene/tris(trimethylsiloxy )silylnorbornene, methyl acrylate/polysiloxymethacrylate copolymer, and a combination thereof.

The film-forming polymers can be a hydrophobic film-forming polymer. The term "hydrophobic film-forming polymer" means a film-forming polymer which has little or no affinity for water and, in this respect, does not lend itself to formulation as a solute in a medium. aqueous. In particular, the term "hydrophobic polymer" means a polymer having a solubility in water at 25°C of less than 1% by weight.

The film-forming polymers can be chosen from the following and, optionally hydrophobic:

- film-forming polymers which are soluble in an organic solvent medium, in particular fat-soluble polymers; this means that the polymer is soluble or miscible in the organic medium and forms a single homogeneous phase when incorporated into the medium; And

- film-forming polymers which are dispersible in an organic solvent medium, which means that the polymer forms an insoluble phase in the organic medium, the polymer remaining stable and/or compatible once incorporated into this medium. In particular, such polymers can be in the form of a non-aqueous dispersion of polymer particles, preferably dispersions in silicone oils or hydrocarbon-based oils; in one embodiment, the non-aqueous polymer dispersions comprise polymer particles stabilized on their surface with at least one stabilizer; these non-aqueous dispersions are often referred to as DNA.

The hydrophobic film-forming polymers which may be mentioned include homopolymers and copolymers of a compound bearing an ethylenic unit, acrylic polymers and copolymers, polyurethanes, polyesters, silicone polymers such as polymers bearing a non-silicone organic skeleton grafted with polysiloxane-containing monomers, and polyisoprenes.

In some instances, useful hydrophobic film-forming polymers include lipodispersible film-forming polymers in the form of a non-aqueous dispersion of polymer particles, ethylene block copolymers, vinyl polymers comprising at least one carbosiloxane dendrimer unit, silicone acrylate and mixtures thereof, preferably lipodispersible film-forming polymers in the form of non-aqueous dispersion of polymer particles (DNA).

Lipodispersible film-forming polymers in the form of a non-aqueous dispersion of polymer particles, also known as DNA

Non-aqueous dispersions of hydrophobic film-forming polymer which can be used include dispersions of particles of a grafted ethylenic polymer, preferably an acrylic polymer, in a liquid oil phase, for example, in the form of surface-stabilized particles dispersed in the liquid fatty phase. The dispersion of surface stabilized polymer particles can be made as described in WO 04/055081, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Ethylene Block Copolymer

The film-forming polymers can be a block ethylenic copolymer, containing at least a first block with a glass transition temperature (T _g ) greater than or equal to 40°C and which is totally or partly derived from one or more first monomers, which are such that the homopolymer prepared from these monomers has a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 40°C, and at least one second block with a glass transition temperature less than or equal to 20°C and which is totally derived or in part of one or more second monomers, which are such that the homopolymer prepared from these monomers has a glass transition temperature of less than or equal to 20°C, said first block and said second block being joined together to the other via a random intermediate segment comprising at least one of said first constituent monomers of the first block and at least one of said second constituent monomers ifs of the second block, and said block copolymer having a polydispersity index I greater than 2. Polymers of this type which are suitable for use in the invention are described in EP 1 411 069, which is incorporated herein by reference. in its entirety. A non-limiting example includes the product Mexomer PAS (copolymer of acrylic acid/isobutyl acrylate/isobornyl acrylate diluted to 50% in isododecane) sold by the company Chimex.

Vinyl polymer comprising at least one unit based on carbosiloxane dendrimer

The hydrophobic film-forming polymer can be at least one vinyl polymer comprising at least one unit based on carbosiloxane dendrimer. The vinyl polymer typically has a backbone and at least one side chain, which includes a carbosiloxane dendrimer based unit having a carbosiloxane dendrimer structure. Vinyl polymers comprising at least one carbosiloxane dendrimer unit are as described in applications WO 03/045337 and EP 963751, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

The term "carbosiloxane dendrimer structure" is a molecular structure with branched groups of high molecular masses, said structure having a high regularity in the radial direction from the bond to the backbone. Such carbosiloxane dendrimer structures are described as a highly branched siloxane-silylalkylene copolymer in Japanese Patent Application Kokai Laid-Open 9-171154, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

A vinyl polymer bearing at least one carbosiloxane dendrimer unit has a molecular side chain containing a carbosiloxane dendrimer structure, and can be derived from the polymerization of:

(A) from 0 to 99.9 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer; And

(B) 100 to 0 1 part by weight of a carbosiloxane dendrimer containing a radical-polymerizable organic group represented by the general formula:

wherein Y represents a radical-polymerizable organic group, R ¹ represents an aryl group or an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X ⁱ represents a silylalkyl group which, when i = 1, is represented by the formula:

in which R ¹ is as defined above, R ² represents an alkylene group containing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, R ³ represents an alkyl group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X ⁱ⁺¹ represents an atom of hydrogen, an alkyl group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group, or the silylalkyl group defined above with i=i+1; i is an integer of 1 to 10 which represents the generation of said silylalkyl group, and a' is an integer of 0 to 3;

wherein said radical-polymerizable organic group contained in component (A) is selected from:

organic groups containing a methacrylic group or an acrylic group and which are represented by the formulas:

And

in which R ⁴ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, R ⁵ represents an alkylene group containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and organic groups containing a styryl group and which are represented by the formula:

wherein R ⁶ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, R ⁷ represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R ⁸ represents an alkylene group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, b is an integer of 0 to 4, and c is 0 or 1, such that if c is 0, -(R ⁸ ) _c - represents a bond.

The vinyl-type monomer which is component (A) in the vinyl polymer is a vinyl-type monomer which contains a radical-polymerizable vinyl group.

The following gives examples of this vinyl type monomer: methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate or a similar lower alkyl methacrylate; glycidyl methacrylate; butyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2 -ethylhexyl, octyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate or a similar higher methacrylate; vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate or a vinyl ester of an analogous lower fatty acid; vinyl caproate, vinyl 2-ethylhexoate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate or an ester of a similar higher fatty acid; styrene, vinyltoluene, benzyl methacrylate, phenoxyethyl methacrylate, vinylpyrrolidone or similar vinylaromatic monomers; methacrylamide, N-methylolmethacrylamide, N-methoxymethyl-methacrylamide, isobutoxymethoxymethacrylamide, N,N-dimethylmethacrylamide or similar vinyl type monomers containing amide groups; hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl alcohol methacrylate or similar vinyl type monomers containing hydroxyl groups; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid or similar vinyl type monomers containing a carboxylic acid group; tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, butoxyethyl methacrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol methacrylate, polyethylene glycol methacrylate, polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate, hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, cetyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether or a similar vinyl type monomer with ether linkages; methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, polydimethylsiloxane containing a methacrylic group at one of its molecular ends, polydimethylsiloxane containing a styryl group at one of its molecular ends, or a similar silicone compound containing unsaturated groups; butadiene; vinyl chloride; vinylidene chloride; methacrylonitrile; dibutyl fumarate; anhydrous maleic acid; anhydrous succinic acid; methacryl glycidyl ether; an organic salt of an amine, an ammonium salt, and an alkali metal salt of methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid or fumaric acid; a radical-polymerizable unsaturated monomer containing a sulfonic acid group such as a styrenesulfonic acid group; a quaternary ammonium salt derived from methacrylic acid, such as 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride; and a methacrylic acid ester of an alcohol containing a tertiary amine group, such as a methacrylic acid ester of diethylamine.

Multifunctional vinyl type monomers may optionally be included in some instances. The following gives examples of such compounds: trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythrityl trimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, dimethacrylate neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane trioxyethyl methacrylate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate dimethacrylate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate trimethacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane capped with styryl groups bearing divinylbenzene groups on both ends, or similar silicone compounds bearing unsaturated groups.

To facilitate the preparation of the starting material mixture for cosmetic products, the number average molecular weight of the vinyl polymer carrying a carbosiloxane dendrimer can be chosen in the range between 3,000 g/mol and 2,000,000 g/mol and preferably 5,000 g/mol and 800,000 g/mol. It can be a liquid, a gum, a paste, a solid, a powder, or any other form. Preferred forms are solutions consisting of the dilution of a dispersion or powder in solvents such as silicone oil or organic oil.

According to one embodiment, a grafted vinyl polymer within the meaning of the present disclosure can be carried in an oil or a mixture of oils, which is/are preferably volatile, chosen in particular from silicone oils and hydrocarbon-based, and mixtures thereof. A non-limiting silicone oil which may optionally be used is cyclopentasiloxane. Similarly, a non-limiting hydrocarbon-based oil that can be used is isododecane.

Vinyl polymers grafted with at least one carbosiloxane dendrimer unit include polymers sold under the names TIB 4-100, TIB 4-101, TIB 4-120, TIB 4-130, TIB 4-200, FA 4002 ID (TIB 4-202), TIB 4-220 and FA 4001 CM (TIB 4-230) by Dow Corning.

In some cases, the vinyl polymer grafted with at least one carbosiloxane dendrimer unit is a trimethyl acrylate/polysiloxymethacrylate copolymer, for example, the product sold in isododecane as Dow Corning FA 4002 ID Silicon Acrylic.

Silicone acrylate copolymers

In some instances, one or more of the film-forming polymers includes at least one copolymer comprising carboxylate groups and polydimethylsiloxane groups. The expression "copolymer comprising carboxylate groups and polydimethylsiloxane groups" means a copolymer obtained from (a) one or more carboxylic monomers (acid or ester), and (b) one or more polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains. The term "carboxylic monomer" means both carboxylic acid monomers and carboxylic acid ester monomers.

The monomer (a) can be chosen, for example, from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, their esters and mixtures of these monomers. Esters which may be mentioned include the following monomers: acrylate, methacrylate, maleate, fumarate, itaconate and/or crotonate. According to at least one embodiment of the invention, the monomers in ester form are more particularly chosen from alkyl acrylates and methacrylates, preferably C ₁ to C ₂₄ and better still C ₁ to C ₂₂ linear or branched, the alkyl radical being preferably chosen from methyl, ethyl, stearyl, butyl and 2-ethylhexyl radicals, and mixtures thereof. Thus, in certain cases, the copolymer comprises as carboxylate groups at least one group chosen from acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and methyl, ethyl, stearyl, butyl or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate or methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.

The term "polydimethylsiloxanes" (also known as organopolysiloxanes and abbreviated as PDMS) designates any organosilicon polymer or oligomer of linear structure, of variable molecular weight, obtained by polymerization and/or polycondensation of suitably functionalized silanes, and consisting essentially in a repetition of principal units in which the silicon atoms are bonded together via oxygen atoms (siloxane bond ≡ Si-O-Si≡), including trimethyl radicals directly bonded via a carbon atom to said silicon atoms. The PDMS chains which can be used to obtain the copolymer can comprise at least one polymerizable radical group, preferably located on at least one of the ends of the chain, i.e. the PDMS can contain, for example , a polymerizable radical group on both chain ends or a polymerizable radical group on the chain end and a trimethylsilyl end group on the other chain end. The polymerizable radical group can in particular be an acrylic or methacrylic group, in particular a CH ₂ =CR ₁ -CO-OR ₂ group, in which R ₁ represents a hydrogen or a methyl group and R ₂ represents -CH ₂ -,-( CH ₂ ) _n - with n=3, 5, 8 or 10, -CH ₂ -CH(CH ₃ )-CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ - CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH(CH ₃ )-CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ -, or -CH ₂ -O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ - .

The copolymers are generally obtained according to the usual polymerization and grafting processes, for example by polymerization by free radicals (A) of a PDMS comprising at least one polymerizable radical group (for example on one of the ends of the chain or on the both ends) and (B) of at least one carboxylic monomer. The copolymers obtained can have a molecular weight ranging from approximately 3,000 g/mol to 200,000 g/mol and preferably from approximately 5,000 g/mol to 100,000 g/mol. The copolymer can be in its native form or in a form dispersed in a solvent such as lower alcohols containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, for example isopropyl alcohol, or oils, for example volatile silicone oils (for example, cyclopentasiloxane ).

Additional copolymers which may be mentioned include copolymers of acrylic acid and stearyl acrylate containing polydimethylsiloxane grafts, copolymers of stearyl methacrylate containing polydimethylsiloxane grafts, copolymers of acrylic acid and stearyl methacrylate containing polydimethylsiloxane grafts, copolymers of methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and stearyl methacrylate containing polydimethylsiloxane grafts. Mention may in particular and also be made of the copolymers sold by the company Shin-Etsu under the names KP-561 (CTFA name: acrylates/dimethicone), KP-541 in which the copolymer is dispersed at 60% by weight in isopropyl alcohol (CTFA name: acrylates/dimethicone and isopropyl alcohol), and KP-545 in which the copolymer is dispersed at 30% in cyclopentasiloxane (CTFA name: acrylates/dimethicone and cyclopentasiloxane). Mention may also be made of the graft copolymer of polyacrylic acid and dimethylpolysiloxane dissolved in isododecane, sold by the company Shin-Etsu under the name KP-550.

adhesive polymer

The skin tightening composition can include one or more film forming polymers which are adhesive polymers. In various embodiments, the at least one adhesive polymer can be amorphous, crystalline, or semi-crystalline. In some instances, the adhesive polymer may have a T _g greater than about 25°C, such as greater than about 50°C, greater than about 75°C, or greater than about 100°C, depending on various embodiments. In additional instances, the adhesive polymer may have a T _g of less than about 25°C, such as less than about 0°C, less than about -25°C, or less than about -50°C.

As non-limiting examples of adhesive polymers having a T _g greater than about 25°C, there may be mentioned C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl (methacrylate) polymer particles, stabilized in a non-aqueous dispersion, designated herein to facilitate with reference by "oil dispersion", such as those described in the document WO2015/091513 which is incorporated herein by reference. By way of example, the C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers can be chosen from methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate and tert-butyl (meth)acrylate. For example, the polymer can be a polymer of methyl acrylate and/or ethyl acrylate.

The polymer may also comprise an ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer or its anhydride, chosen in particular from ethylenically unsaturated acid monomers comprising at least one carboxylic, phosphoric or sulphonic acid function, such as crotonic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylbenzoic acid, vinylphosphoric acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid or acrylamidoglycolic acid, and their salts. For example, the ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer can be selected from (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride.

Thickening agent(s)

The skin tightening composition includes at least one thickening agent. According to at least one aspect of the disclosure, the thickening agent is an inorganic thickening agent. In accordance with another aspect of the disclosure, the thickening agent(s) may include or be selected from polyamide-8, hydrogenated styrene/isoprene copolymer, cross-linked nylon-polymer 611/dimethicone, cross-linked polymer of dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone, cross-linked polymer of dimethicone and a mixture thereof. For example, the thickening agent(s) includes(s) or is (are) selected from polyamide-8, hydrogenated styrene/isoprene copolymer, and a mixture thereof.

The amount of thickening agents in the skin tightening composition typically ranges from about 0.5 to about 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. For example, the skin tightening composition can include thickening agents in an amount of about 1 to about 35% by weight, about 2 to about 35% by weight, about 3 to about 35% by weight, about 4 to about 35% by weight, about 5 to about 35% by weight, about 6 to about 35% by weight, about 8 to about 35% by weight, about 10 to about 35% by weight, about 14 to about 35% by weight , about 18 to about 35% by weight, about 22 to about 35% by weight; about 1 to about 25% by weight, about 2 to about 25% by weight, about 3 to about 25% by weight, about 4 to about 25% by weight, about 6 to about 25% by weight, about 8 to about 25 wt%, about 10 to about 25 wt%, about 14 to about 25 wt%, about 18 to about 25 wt%; about 1 to about 20 wt%, about 2 to about 20 wt%, about 3 to about 20 wt%, about 4 to about 20 wt%, about 6 to about 20 wt%, about 8 to about 20 wt%, about 10 to about 20 wt%, about 14 to about 20 wt%; about 1 to about 15 wt%, about 2 to about 15 wt%, about 3 to about 15 wt%, about 4 to about 15 wt%, about 6 to about 15 wt%, about 8 to about 15 wt%, about 10 to about 15 wt%, inclusive of all ranges and subranges, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Non-limiting examples of thickening agents are provided below.

Mineral thickeners

Mineral thickeners are mineral-based compounds that thicken or alter the viscosity of skin tightening compositions. Non-limiting examples of inorganic thickeners include silica silylate, fumed silica, zeolite, natural clay, synthetic clay, kaolin, hectorite, organically modified hectorite (eg, INCI: pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate (and) disteardimonium hectorite (and) propylene carbonate ), an activated clay (eg, disteardimonium hectorite, stearalkonium hectorite, quaternium-18 bentonite, quaternium-18 hectorite, and benzalkonium bentonite), and a mixture thereof.

In some instances, the skin tightening compositions may include one or more inorganic thickening agents selected from optionally modified silicas, optionally modified clays, and a mixture thereof. The inorganic thickeners can be chosen from optionally modified silicas, optionally modified clays, and a mixture thereof. In some cases, the mineral thickeners are chosen from lipophilic (organophilic) clays, in particular modified hectorites; hydrophobically treated fumed silica; hydrophobic silica aerogels, and mixtures thereof (eg, disteardimonium hectorite, silica silylate, or a mixture thereof).

The mineral thickening agents can be selected from silica silylate, fumed silica, zeolite, natural clay, synthetic clay, kaolin, hectorite, organically modified hectorite (for example, INCI: 30 pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate (and) disteardimonium hectorite (and) propylene carbonate) , an activated clay (eg, disteardimonium hectorite, stearalkonium hectorite, quaternium-18 bentonite, quaternium-18 hectorite, and benzalkonium bentonite).

Optionally modified silicas

Optionally modified silicas include fumed silica optionally subjected to a hydrophobic surface treatment, the particle size of which may be less than 1 µm. Specifically, it is possible to chemically modify the surface of the silica, by chemical reaction generating a reduced number of silanol groups present on the surface of the silica. The silanol groups can in particular be replaced by hydrophobic groups: a hydrophobic silica is then obtained. Hydrophobic groups can be:

- trimethylsiloxyl groups, which are obtained in particular by treating fumed silica in the presence of hexamethyldisilazane. Silicas thus treated are known under the name of “silica silylate” according to the CTFA ( ^6th edition, 1995). They are sold, for example, under the references Aerosil R812 by the company Degussa, and Cab-O-Sil TS-53 by the company Cabot;

- dimethylsilyloxyl or polydimethylsiloxane groups, which are obtained in particular by treating fumed silica in the presence of polydimethylsiloxane or dimethyldichlorosilane. Silicas thus treated are known under the name of “silicate dimethyl silylate” according to the CTFA ( ^6th edition, 1995). They are sold, for example, under the references Aerosil R972 and Aerosil R974 by the company Degussa, and Cab-O-Sil TS-610 and Cab-O-Sil TS-720 by the company Cabot.

The hydrophobic fumed silica may in particular have a particle size which is nanometric to micrometric, for example ranging from approximately 5 to 200 nm.

The optionally modified silicas can, for example, be silica airgel particles. Silica aerogels are porous materials obtained by replacing (by drying) the liquid component of a silica gel with air. They are generally synthesized by a sol-gel process in a liquid medium and then dried, usually by extraction with a supercritical fluid, the most commonly used being supercritical CO ₂ . This type of drying avoids a shrinkage of the pores and the material. The sol-gel process and the various drying processes are described in detail in Brinker C J., and Scherer GW, Sol-Gel Science: New York: Academic Press, 1990.

The hydrophobic silica airgel particles may have a specific surface area per unit mass (S _M ) ranging from 500 to 1500 m ² /g, preferably from 600 to 1200 m ² /g and even better from 600 to 800 m ² /g, and a size expressed as the volume-average diameter (D[0.5]) ranging from 1 to 1500 μm, better still from 1 to 1000 μm, preferably from 1 to 100 μm, in particular from 1 to 30 µm, more preferably from 5 to 25 µm, more preferably from 5 to 20 µm, and even more preferably from 5 to 15 µm. In some cases, the hydrophobic silica airgel particles have a size expressed as the volume average diameter (D[0.5]) ranging from 1 to 30 μm, preferably from 5 to 25 μm, even more preferably from 5 to 20 µm and better still from 5 to 15 µm.

Hydrophobic silica airgel particles can have a specific surface area per unit mass (S _M ) ranging from 600 to 800 m ² /g and a size expressed as the volume average diameter (D[0.5]) ranging from 5 to 20 µm and better still 5 to 15 µm. The hydrophobic silica airgel particles may have a specific surface area per unit volume S _V ranging from 5 to 60 m ² /cm ³ , preferably from 10 to 50 m ² /cm ³ and even better from 15 to 40 m ² /cm ³ .

The expression “hydrophobic silica” means any silica whose surface is treated with silylation agents, for example halogenated silanes such as alkylchlorosilanes, siloxanes, in particular dimethylsiloxanes such as hexamethyldisiloxane, or silazanes, so as to functionalize the groups OH with Si--Rn silyl groups, for example trimethylsilyl groups. In some cases, it is particularly useful to use hydrophobic silica airgel particles surface-modified with trimethylsilyl groups. Mention may be made of the aerogels sold by Cabot under the references Airgel TLD 201, Airgel OGD 201, Airgel TLD 203, Enova Airgel MT 1100 and Enova Airgel MT 1200. Particularly useful aerogels include hydrophobic silica aerogels, preferably of silyl silica (INCI name: silica silylate).

Optionally modified clays

Clays are silicates containing a cation which can be chosen from calcium, magnesium, aluminum, sodium, potassium and lithium cations, and mixtures thereof. Examples of such material include, but are not limited to, clays of the smectite family, and also of the vermiculite, stevensite, and chlorite families. These clays can be of natural or synthetic origin.

Mention may in particular be made of smectites, such as saponites, hectorites, montmorillonites, bentonites or beidellites and in particular synthetic hectorites (also known as laponites), such as the products sold by Rockwood Additives Limited under the names Laponite LS, Laponite XLG, Laponite RD, Laponite RDS and Laponite XL21 (these products are sodium magnesium silicates and in particular sodium lithium magnesium silicates); bentonites, such as the product sold under the name Bentone HC by Rheox; magnesium aluminum silicates, which are in particular hydrated, such as the products sold by the company Vanderbilt under the name Veegum Ultra, Veegum HS or Veegum DGT, or also calcium silicates and in particular those in synthetic form sold by the company under the name Micro-Cel C.

In some cases, organophilic clays are preferred, more particularly modified clays, such as montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, attapulgite and sepiolite, and mixtures thereof. The clay may be optionally modified bentonite or optionally modified hectorite. The clays can be modified with a chemical compound chosen from quaternary amines, tertiary amines, amine acetates, imidazolines, amine soaps, fatty sulphates, alkylarylsulphonates and amine oxides, and mixtures thereof.

Mention may be made of hectorites modified with a quaternary amine, more specifically with a C ₁₀ to C ₂₂ fatty acid ammonium halide, such as a chloride, such as hectorite modified with distearyldimethylammonium chloride (name CTFA: Disteardimonium hectorite), for example the product sold under the name Bentone 38V, Bentone 38V CG or Bentone EW CE by the company Elementis, or stearallonium hectorites, such as Bentone 27 V. In some cases, the clay is of preferably disteardimonium hectorite.

Mention may also be made of quaternium-18 bentonites, such as those sold under the names Bentone 34 by the company Elementis, Tixogel VP by the company United Catalyst and Claytone 40 by the company Southern Clay; stearalkonium bentonites, such as those sold under the names Tixogel LG by United Catalyst and Claytone AF and Claytone APA by Southern Clay; or quaternium-18/benzalkonium bentonites, such as those sold under the name Claytone HT by the company Southern Clay. In some cases, it is preferable that the clay be chosen from organophilic modified clays, in particular organophilic modified hectorites, in particular modified with distearyldimethylammonium chloride (CTFA name: Disteardimonium hectorite).

Non-mineral thickening agents

The non-mineral thickening agents, if present, may be lipophilic or hydrophilic, i.e. they may be suitable for thickening an oil phase or an anhydrous composition or they may be suitable for thickening an aqueous phase or anhydrous composition. watery. For anhydrous compositions, lipophilic thickening agents or thickening agents that thicken anhydrous (eg, oily) compositions are useful. Similarly, for aqueous compositions, hydrophilic thickening agents are useful.

Non-limiting examples of non-mineral thickening agents useful for thickening anhydrous compositions include C ₁₂ -C ₂₂ alkyl acrylate/hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer (INTELIMER), ethylene diamine/stearyl dilinoleate dimer copolymer such as Oleocraft LP-10-PA-(MV) sold by Croda, polyamide-8 such as Oleocraft LP-20-PA-(MV) sold by Croda, C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl polyacrylate such as Intelimer IPA 13-6 or Intelimer IPA 13-1 NG Polymer sold by Air Products & Chemicals, nylon-611/dimethicone copolymer such as Dow Corning 2-8179 Gellant sold by Dow Corning, or dextrin palmitate such as rheopearl KL2-OR sold by Chiba Flour Milling.

Additional non-limiting examples of non-mineral thickening agents useful for thickening anhydrous compositions include thickening polymers such as block copolymers of styrene with isoprene, butadiene, ethylene/propylene or ethylene/butylene including those presently available under the trade name KRATON, and in particular hydrogenated linear styrene/isoprene diblock copolymers. A relevant category of thickening polymer includes polymers of alpha methylstyrene and styrene, such as those sold under the trade name KRISTALEX. Yet another thickening polymer comprises alkyl-substituted galactomannan available under the tradename N-HANCE AG. Non-mineral thickening agents useful for thickening anhydrous compositions may also include thickening polymers such as vinyl pyrrolidone with polyethylene containing at least 25 methylene units, such as triacontanyl polyvinylpyrrolidone, under the trade name Antaron WP-660.

Non-limiting examples of non-mineral thickening agents which may optionally be included to thicken aqueous compositions include xanthan gum, guar gum, biosaccharide gum, cellulose, Seneca acacia gum, sclerotium gum, agarose, pectin, gellan gum, hyaluronic acid. Furthermore, the one or more non-mineral thickening agents can be polymeric thickening agents such as, for example, ammonium polyacryloyldimethyl taurate, ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP copolymer, sodium polyacrylate, acrylate copolymers, polyacrylamide, carbomer, and cross-linked polymer of acrylates/C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl acrylate.

Additional non-limiting examples of various types of non-mineral thickening agents include:

Carboxylic acid polymers

These polymers are crosslinked compounds containing one or more monomers derived from acrylic acid, substituted acrylic acids, and salts and esters of these acrylic acids and substituted acrylic acids, wherein the crosslinking agent contains two or more double carbon-carbon bonds and is derived from a polyhydric alcohol.

Examples of commercially available carboxylic acid polymers useful herein include carbomers, which are homopolymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with allyl ethers of sucrose or pentaerytritol. Carbomers are available under the Carbopol.RTM range. 900 from BF Goodrich (for example, Carbopol ^® 954). In addition, other carboxylic acid polymeric agents include Ultrez ^® 10 (BF Goodrich) and copolymers of C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl acrylates with one or more monomers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or one of of their short chain esters (ie, C ₁ to C ₄ alcohol), in which the crosslinking agent is an allyl ether of sucrose or pentaerytritol. These copolymers are known as acrylate/C ₁₀ -C ₃₀ alkyl acrylate cross-linked polymers and are commercially available under the names Carbopol.RTM. 1342, ^Carbopol® 1382, Pemulen TR-1, and Pemulen TR-2, from BF Goodrich. In other words, examples of carboxylic acid polymeric thickening agents useful herein are those selected from carbomers, C ₁₀ -C ₃₀ alkyl acrylate/acrylate cross-linked polymers, and mixtures thereof.

Cross-linked polyacrylate polymers

The compositions of the present disclosure may optionally contain cross-linked polyacrylate polymers useful as thickening agents or gelling agents including both cationic polymers and nonionic polymers. Examples of useful cross-linked nonionic polyacrylate polymers and cross-linked cationic polyacrylate polymers are those described in U.S. Patent No. 5,100,660, U.S. No. 4,849,484, U.S. No. 4,835,206, U.S. 4,599,379 and EP 228,868, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Polyacrylamide polymers

The compositions of the present disclosure may optionally contain polyacrylamide polymers, especially nonionic polyacrylamide polymers including branched or unbranched substituted polymers. Among these polyacrylamide polymers, there is the nonionic polymer of CTFA designation polyacrylamide and isoparaffin and laureth-7, available under the trade name Sepigel 305 from Seppic Corporation.

Other polyacrylamide polymers useful herein include multi-block copolymers of acrylamides and substituted acrylamides with acrylic acids and substituted acrylic acids. Commercially available examples of these multi-block copolymers include Hypan SR150H, SS500V, SS500W, SSSA100H, from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.

The compositions may also contain thickening and texturizing gels of the type as exemplified by the product line called ^Lubrajel® from United Guardian. These gels have moisturizing, viscosifying and stabilizing properties.

Polysaccharides

A wide variety of polysaccharides can be useful here. "Polysaccharides" refer to gelling agents that contain a backbone of repeating sugar (ie, carbohydrate) units. Non-limiting examples of polysaccharide gelling agents include those selected from the group consisting of cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, cellulose acetate propionate carboxylate, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methyl hydroxyethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, and their mixtures. Alkyl-substituted celluloses are also useful herein. Preferred among the alkyl hydroxyalkyl cellulose ethers is CTFA designation material cetyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, which is the ether of cetyl alcohol and hydroxyethyl cellulose. This material is sold under the trade name ^Natrosol® CS Plus from Aqualon Corporation.

Other useful polysaccharides include scleroglucans comprising a linear chain of glucose (1-3) units linked with one glucose (1-6) linked every three units, a commercially available example of which is Clearogel ^TM , supplied by CS11 from Michel Mercier Products Inc.

Erasers

Other thickening and gelling agents useful herein include materials which are primarily derived from natural sources. Non-limiting examples of these thickening and/or gelling agents include gums such as those chosen from acacia, agar, algin, alginic acid, ammonium alginate, amylopectin, calcium alginate, calcium carrageenan, carnitine, carrageenan, dextrin, gelatin, gellan gum, guar gum, hydroxypropyltrimonium guar chloride, hectorite, hyaluronic acid, hydrated silica, hydroxypropyl chitosan, hydroxypropyl guar, karaya gum, laminaria, locust bean gum, natto gum, potassium alginate, potassium carrageenan , propylene glycol alginate, sclerotium gum, sodium carboxymethyl dextran, sodium carrageenan, gum tragacanth, xanthan gum, and mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of natural water-soluble polymers include gum arabic, gum tragacanth, gum karaya, guar gum, gellan gum, tara gum, locust bean gum, tamarind gum, sodium alginate, propylene glycol ester alginic acid, carrageenan, farcelluran, agar, high methoxy pectin, low methoxy pectin, xanthine, chitosan, starch (e.g. starch derived from corn, potato, wheat, rice, sweet potato and tapioca, a-starch , soluble starch), fermentation polysaccharide (e.g. xanthan gum, pullulan, carcirane, dextran), acid hetero-polysaccharide derived from callus of plants belonging to Polyantes sp. (eg, tuberous polysaccharide), proteins (eg, sodium casein, gelatin, albumin), chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid.

Non-limiting examples of water-soluble synthetic polymers include polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, sodium polymethacrylate, polyacrylic acid glycerin ester, carboxyvinyl polymer, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl methyl ether, polyvinyl sulfone, acid copolymer maleic acid, poly(ethylene oxide), polydiallyl amine, polyethylene imine, water-soluble cellulose derivatives (e.g., carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cellulose sulfate sodium salt ), and starch derivatives (eg, starch oxide, dialdehyde starch, dextrin, achroodextrin, acetyl starch, starch phosphate, carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyethyl starch, hydroxypropyl starch).

Silicone elastomer(s)

The silicone elastomers can be non-emulsifying silicone elastomers, emulsifying silicone elastomers, or a mixture thereof. Non-emulsifying silicone elastomers include, but are not limited to, organopolysiloxane elastomers that do not contain hydrophilic chains, such as polyoxyalkylene or polyglycerolated chains. Further, emulsifying silicone elastomers include, but are not limited to, polyoxyalkylenated silicone elastomers and polyglycerolated silicone elastomer.

The total amount of silicone elastomers in skin tightening compositions can vary but is typically about 1 to about 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. In some cases, the total amount of silicone elastomers can be about 1 to about 15% by weight, about 1 to about 10% by weight, about 2 to about 40% by weight, about 2 to about 35% by weight, about 2 to about 30% by weight, about 2 to about 25% by weight, about 2 to about 20% by weight, about 2 to about 15% by weight, or about 2 to about 10% by weight, based on total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Non-emulsifying silicone elastomers

The term "non-emulsifying" silicone elastomers defines organopolysiloxane elastomers that do not contain any hydrophilic chains, such as polyoxyalkylene or polyglycerolated chains.

Non-emulsifying silicone elastomers include elastomeric crosslinked organopolysiloxanes which can be obtained by a crosslinking addition reaction of diorganopolysiloxane containing at least one hydrogen bonded to silicon and diorganopolysiloxane containing ethylenically unsaturated groups bonded to silicon, particularly in the presence of a platinum catalyst; or by dehydrogenation crosslinking condensation reaction between a diorganopolysiloxane containing terminal hydroxyl groups and a diorganopolysiloxane containing at least one hydrogen bonded to silicon, in particular in the presence of an organotin; or by a crosslinking condensation reaction of a diorganopolysiloxane containing terminal hydroxyl groups and a hydrolyzable organopolysilane; or by thermal crosslinking of organopolysiloxane, in particular in the presence of an organoperoxide catalyst; or by organopolysiloxane crosslinking via high energy radiation such as gamma rays, ultraviolet rays or electron beam.

A non-limiting example of a non-emulsifying silicone elastomer is a cross-linked polymer of dimethicone. In some cases, the non-emulsifying silicone elastomer is a cross-linked silicone, for example, cross-linked polymer of dimethicone, cross-linked polymer of (dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone), cross-linked polymer of (dimethicone/phenyl vinyl dimethicone), cross-linked polymer of ( vinyl dimethicone/lauryl dimethicone), crosslinked polymer of (lauryl polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone/bis-vinyl dimethicone), crosslinked polymer of (C ₃₀ to C ₄₅ ) alkyl cetearyl dimethicone, crosslinked polymer of cetearyl dimethicone, and a mixture thereof. In some cases, a cross-linked polymer of dimethicone is particularly preferred.

In some cases, the elastomeric crosslinked organopolysiloxane is obtained by crosslinking addition reaction (A2) of diorganopolysiloxane containing at least two hydrogens each bonded to a silicon, and (B2) of a diorganopolysiloxane containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups bonded to silicon, in particular in the presence (C2) of a platinum catalyst, as described, for example, in patent application EP295886, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In some cases, the organopolysiloxane can be obtained by reacting dimethylpolysiloxane containing dimethylvinylsiloxy terminal groups and methylhydrogenopolysiloxane containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups, in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

Compound (A2) is the basic reactant for the formation of elastomeric organopolysiloxane, and the crosslinking is carried out by an addition reaction of compound (A2) with compound (B2) in the presence of catalyst (C2). Compound (A2) can be a diorganopolysiloxane containing at least two lower alkenyl groups (for example C ₂ to C ₄ ); the lower alkenyl group can be selected from vinyl, allyl and propenyl groups. These lower alkenyl groups can be located at any position on the organopolysiloxane molecule, but are preferably located at the ends of the organopolysiloxane molecule. The organopolysiloxane (A2) can have a branched chain, straight chain, cyclic or network structure, but the straight chain structure is preferred. The compound (A2) can have a viscosity ranging from the liquid state to the gum state. Preferably, compound (A2) has a viscosity of at least 100 centistokes at 25°C.

The organopolysiloxanes (A2) can be chosen from methylvinylsiloxanes, methylvinylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymers, dimethylpolysiloxanes containing dimethylvinylsiloxy terminal groups, dimethyl-siloxane-methylphenylsiloxane copolymers containing dimethylvinyl-siloxy terminal groups, dimethylsiloxane-diphenylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymers containing dimethylvinylsiloxy end groups, dimethyl-siloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymers containing trimethylsiloxy end groups, dimethylsiloxane-methyl-phenylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymers containing trimethylsiloxy end groups, methyl(3,3,3-trifluoro-propyl)polysiloxanes containing end groups dimethylvinylsiloxy, and dimethylsiloxane-methyl-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)siloxane copolymers containing dimethylvinylsiloxy end groups.

Compound (B2) is in particular an organopolysiloxane containing at least 2 silicon-bonded hydrogens in each molecule and is thus the crosslinking agent for compound (A2).

In some cases, the sum of the number of ethylenic groups per molecule of compound (A2) and the number of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule of compound (B2) is at least 4.

The compound (B2) can be according to any molecular structure, in particular a straight-chain or branched-chain structure, or a cyclic structure. Compound (B2) may have a viscosity at 25° C. ranging from 1 to 50,000 centistokes, in particular to have good miscibility with compound (A). Advantageously, compound (B2) is added in an amount such that the molecular ratio between the total amount of silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms in compound (B2) and the total amount of all ethylenically unsaturated groups in the compound (A2) are in the range of 1:1 to 20:1.

Compound (B2) can be chosen from methylhydrogen-polysiloxanes containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups, dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxane copolymers containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups, and cyclic dimethyl-siloxane-methylhydrogensiloxane copolymers.

Compound (C2) is the crosslinking reaction catalyst, and is in particular chloroplatinic acid, chloroplatinic acid-olefin complexes, chloroplatinic acid-alkenylsiloxane complexes, chloroplatinic acid-diketone complexes, platinum black, or platinum on a stand.

The catalyst (C2) is preferably added in the amount of 0.1 to 1000 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 100 parts by weight, in the form of clean platinum metal per 1000 parts by weight of the total quantity of the compounds (A2) and (B2).

Other organic groups can be bonded to the silicon in the organopolysiloxanes (A2) and (B2) described above, for example alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or octyl; substituted alkyl groups such as 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenylpropyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl; aryl groups such as phenyl, tolyl or xylyl; substituted aryl groups such as phenylethyl; and substituted monovalent hydrocarbon based groups such as epoxy group, carboxylate ester group or mercapto group.

The non-emulsifying silicone elastomer according to the invention can be mixed with at least one hydrocarbon-based oil and/or one silicone oil so as to form a gel. In these gels, the non-emulsifying elastomer is often in the form of non-spherical particles.

Non-emulsifying elastomers that can be used include those sold under the names DOWSIL EL-8048 from DOW (INCI: Isododecane (and) Dimethicone Crosspolymer), KSG-6, KSG-15, KSG-16, KSG-18, KSG-41, KSG-42, KSG-43, KSG-44, USG-105 and USG-106 by Shin-Etsu company, DC9040, DC9041, DC9509, DC9505, DC9506, DC5930, DC9350, DC9045 and DC9043 by company Dow Corning, Gransil by Grant Industries, and SFE 839 by General Electric.

The total amount of non-emulsifying silicone elastomers in the skin tightening compositions, if present, can vary but is typically about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. skin tightening. In some cases, the total amount of non-emulsifying silicone elastomers in the skin tightening compositions is about 0.1 to about 15% by weight, about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, about 0, 1 to about 5% by weight, about 1 to about 20% by weight, about 1 to about 15% by weight, about 1 to about 10% by weight, or about 1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of skin tightening composition.

Emulsifying silicone elastomers

The expression “emulsifying silicone elastomer” is understood to mean a silicone elastomer comprising at least one hydrophilic chain. For example, the emulsifying silicone elastomers can be chosen from polyoxyalkylenated silicone elastomers, polyglycerolated silicone elastomers, and one of their mixtures.

Polyoxyalkylenated silicone elastomers

A polyoxyalkylenated silicone elastomer can be a crosslinked organopolysiloxane which can be obtained by crosslinking addition reaction of diorganopolysiloxane containing at least one silicon-bonded hydrogen and polyoxyalkylene having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups. In particular, the polyoxyalkylenated crosslinked organopolysiloxane can be obtained by crosslinking addition reaction (A1) of diorganopolysiloxane containing at least two hydrogens each bonded to a silicon, and (B1) of polyoxyalkylene containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, in particular in the presence (C1) of a platinum catalyst, as described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 5,236,986 and U.S. Patent No. 5,412,004, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

The organopolysiloxane can be obtained by reaction of polyoxyalkylene (in particular polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene) containing dimethylvinylsiloxy terminal groups and of methylhydrogen-polysiloxane containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups, in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

The organic groups attached to the silicon atoms of compound (A1) can be alkyl groups containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl (or lauryl), myristyl, cetyl or stearyl; substituted alkyl groups such as 2-phenyl-ethyl, 2-phenylpropyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl; aryl groups such as phenyl, tolyl or xylyl; substituted aryl groups such as phenylethyl; and substituted monovalent hydrocarbon based groups such as epoxy group, carboxylate ester group or mercapto group.

Compound (A1) can be selected from methylhydrogenpolysiloxanes containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups, dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxane copolymers containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups, cyclic dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxane copolymers, and dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxane-laurylmethylsiloxane copolymers containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups.

Compound (C1) is the crosslinking reaction catalyst, and is in particular chloroplatinic acid, chloroplatinic acid-olefin complexes, chloroplatinic acid-alkenylsiloxane complexes, chloroplatinic acid-diketone complexes, platinum black and platinum on a support.

In some cases, polyoxyalkylenated silicone elastomers can be formed from divinyl compounds, in particular polyoxyalkylenes having at least two vinyl groups, reacting with Si--H bonds of a polysiloxane.

Polyoxyalkylenated silicone elastomers are often mixed with at least one hydrocarbon-based oil and/or silicone oil to form a gel. In these gels, the polyoxyalkylenated elastomer can be in the form of non-spherical particles. Polyoxyalkylenated elastomers are particularly described in U.S. Patent No. 5,236,986, U.S. Patent No. 5,412,004, U.S. Patent No. 5,837,793 and U.S. Patent No. 5,811,487, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. . Additionally, useful polyoxyalkylene silicone elastomers include, but are not limited to, those sold under the names KSG-21, KSG-20, KSG-30, KSG-31, KSG-32, KSG-33, KSG-210, KSG-310, KSG-320, KSG-330, KSG-340 and X-226146 by Shin-Etsu Company, and DC9010 and DC9011 by Dow Corning Company.

Polyglycerolated silicone elastomers

Polyglycerolated silicone elastomers are typically crosslinked elastomeric organopolysiloxanes which can be obtained by a crosslinking addition reaction of diorganopolysiloxane containing at least one hydrogen bonded to a silicon and polyglycerolated compounds containing ethylenically unsaturated groups, often carried out in the presence of a platinum catalyst. For example, in some cases, the crosslinked elastomeric organopolysiloxane is obtained by crosslinking addition reaction (A) of diorganopolysiloxane containing at least two hydrogens each bonded to a silicon, and (B) of glycerolated compounds comprising at least two ethylenically unsaturated, in particular in the presence (C) of a platinum catalyst. In some cases, the organopolysiloxane can be obtained by reacting a polyglycerolated compound containing dimethylvinylsiloxy terminal groups and methylhydrogenpolysiloxane containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups, in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

Compound (A) is the basic reagent for the formation of elastomeric organopolysiloxane and the crosslinking is carried out by an addition reaction of compound (A) with compound (B) in the presence of catalyst (C). Compound (A) can be, for example, an organopolysiloxane containing at least 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to different silicon atoms in each molecule. Compound (A) may have any molecular structure, in particular a straight-chain or branched-chain structure or a cyclic structure. In addition, compound (A) may have a viscosity at 25°C ranging from 1 to 50,000 centistokes, in particular so as to have good miscibility with compound (B).

The organic groups bonded to the silicon atoms of compound (A) may be alkyl groups containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl (or lauryl), myristyl, cetyl or stearyl; substituted alkyl groups such as 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenylpropyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl; aryl groups such as phenyl, tolyl or xylyl; substituted aryl groups such as phenylethyl; and substituted monovalent hydrocarbon based groups such as epoxy group, carboxylate ester group or mercapto group. In some cases, it is preferable that said organic group be chosen from methyl, phenyl and lauryl groups.

Compound (A) can thus be chosen from methylhydrogenpolysiloxanes containing trimethylsiloxy end groups, dimethylsiloxane-methyl-hydrogensiloxane copolymers containing trimethylsiloxy end groups, cyclic dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxane copolymers, and dimethylsiloxane-methyl-hydrogensiloxane-laurylmethylsiloxane copolymers containing trimethylsiloxy terminal groups.

Compound (B) may be a polyglycerolated compound corresponding to formula (B') below:

CmH.2m-1-O-[Gly]n-CmH2m-1 (B')

in which m is an integer ranging from 2 to 6, n is an integer ranging from 2 to 200, preferably ranging from 2 to 100, preferably ranging from 2 to 50, preferably n ranging from 2 to 20, preferably 2 to 10, and preferably ranging from 2 to 5, and in particular equal to 3; Gly means:

-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-O- or -CH2--CH(CH2OH)-O-

Often, the sum of the number of ethylenic groups per molecule of compound (B) and the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atoms per molecule of compound (A) is at least 4.

It may be advantageous for compound (A) to be added in an amount such that the molecular ratio between the total amount of hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atoms in compound (A) and the total amount of all ethylenically unsaturated in compound (B) is in the range of 1:1 to 20:1.

Compound (C) is the crosslinking reaction catalyst, and is in particular chloroplatinic acid, chloroplatinic acid-olefin complexes, chloroplatinic acid-alkenylsiloxane complexes, chloroplatinic acid-diketone complexes, platinum black, or platinum on a stand. The catalyst (C) is preferably added in an amount of 0.1 to 1000 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 100 parts by weight, in the form of clean platinum metal per 1000 parts by weight of the total amount of the compounds (A) and (B).

Polyglycerolated silicone elastomers are often mixed with at least one hydrocarbon-based oil and/or silicone oil to form a gel. In these gels, the polyglycerolated elastomer is often in the form of non-spherical particles. Such elastomers are in particular described in patent application WO 2004/024798, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. As polyglycerolated silicone elastomers, mention may be made of those sold under the names KSG-710, KSG-810, KSG-820, KSG-830 and KSG-840 by the company Shin-Etsu.

The total amount of emulsifying silicone elastomers in the skin tightening compositions, if present, can vary but is typically about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. skin tightening. In some instances, the total amount of emulsifying silicone elastomers in the skin tightening compositions is about 0.1 to about 15% by weight, about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, about 1 to about 20% by weight, about 1 to about 15% by weight, about 1 to about 10% by weight, or about 1 to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Volatile hydrocarbon oil(s)

The term "volatile hydrocarbon" means a hydrocarbon which is volatile at room temperature (25°C) and normal pressure (1 atm) and may include, for example, isododecane, isohexadecane. Volatile hydrocarbons can be in the form of an oil. The term "oil" is understood to mean a compound which is liquid at room temperature (25°C.) and normal pressure (1 atm), and which, when introduced in a proportion of at least 1% by weight into water at 25°C, is not soluble in water or is soluble at a level of less than 10% by weight, based on the weight of oil introduced into the water. The expression “hydrocarbon oil” is an oil comprising hydrogen and carbon atoms, and not containing silicon atoms.

Suitable volatile hydrocarbons include, but are not limited to, those with 8 to 16 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof and in particular branched C ₈ to C ₁₆ alkanes such as C ₈ to C ₁₆ isoalkanes (also known as the name of isoparaffins), isododecane, isodecane, isohexadecane, and for example, the oils sold under the trade names of Isopar or Permethyl, the branched C ₈ to C ₁₆ esters such as isohexyl neopentanoate or isodecyl and their mixtures . Preferably the volatile hydrocarbon oils have a flash point below 60°C.

In some instances, the skin tightening composition includes at least one volatile hydrocarbon selected from isoparaffin, isohexadecane, isododecane, isodecane, undecane, tridecane, dodecane, isohexyl, isodecyl, neopentanoate, or a combination thereof. In at least one case, isododecane and/or isoparaffins (eg, C ₈ to C ₉ isoparaffin) are preferred. The skin tightening composition can be formulated to include volatile hydrocarbons that do not contain silicon atoms.

The total amount of volatile hydrocarbon can vary but is typically about 20 to about 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. In some cases, the total amount of volatile hydrocarbons is about 20 to about 80% by weight, about 20 to about 75% by weight; about 25 to about 85 wt%, about 25 to about 80 wt%, about 25 to about 75 wt%; about 30 to about 85 wt%, about 30 to about 80 wt%, about 30 to about 75 wt%; about 35 to about 85 wt%, about 35 to about 80 wt%, about 35 to about 75 wt%; about 40 to about 85 wt%, about 40 to about 80 wt%, about 40 to about 75 wt%; about 45 to about 85 wt%, about 45 to about 80 wt%, about 45 to about 75 wt%; about 50 to about 85 wt%, about 50 to about 80 wt%, about 50 to about 75 wt%; about 55 to about 85 wt%, about 55 to about 80 wt%, about 55 to about 75 wt%; about 60 to about 85 wt%, about 60 to about 80 wt%, about 60 to about 75 wt%; about 65 to about 85% by weight, about 65 to about 80% by weight, or about 65 to about 75% by weight, inclusive of ranges and subranges, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition .

The skin tightening composition may include a lower amount of volatile hydrocarbon oils (for example, when the skin tightening composition is an emulsion). For example, the amount of volatile hydrocarbon present in the skin tightening composition can be about 20 to about 70% by weight, about 25 to about 70% by weight, about 30 to about 70% by weight, about 35 to about 70 wt%, about 40 to about 70 wt%, about 45 to about 70 wt%, about 50 to about 70 wt%, about 55 to about 70 wt%; about 20 to about 60 wt%, about 25 to about 60 wt%, about 30 to about 60 wt%, about 35 to about 60 wt%, about 40 to about 60 wt%, about 45 to about 60 wt%, about 50 to about 60 wt%; about 20 to about 55 wt%, about 25 to about 55 wt%, about 30 to about 55 wt%, about 35 to about 55 wt%, about 40 to about 55 wt%, about 45 to about 55 wt%, about 50 to about 55 wt%; about 20 to about 50% by weight, about 25 to about 50% by weight, about 30 to about 50% by weight, about 35 to about 50% by weight, about 40 to about 50% by weight, or about 45 to about 50% by weight, inclusive of ranges and subranges, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Load(s)

The skin tightening composition includes at least one filler typically in an amount of about 0.5 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. The filler may be present in the skin tightening composition in an amount of about 0.5 to about 20% by weight, about 1 to about 20% by weight, about 1.5 to about 20% by weight, about 2 to about 20% by weight, about 2.5 to about 20% by weight, about 3 to about 20% by weight, about 3.5 to about 20% by weight, about 4 to about 20% by weight, about 4 5 to about 20 wt%, about 5 to about 20 wt%, about 6 to about 20 wt%, about 7 to about 20 wt%, about 8 to about 20 wt%; about 1.5 to about 13% by weight, about 1 to about 13% by weight,about 1.5 to about 13% by weight, about 2 to about 13% by weight, about 2.5 to about 13% by weight , about 3 to about 13% by weight, about 3.5 to about 13% by weight, about 4 to about 13% by weight, about 4.5 to about 13% by weight, about 5 to about 13% by weight, about 6 to about 13 wt%, about 7 to about 13 wt%, about 8 to about 13 wt%; about 0.5 to about 11% by weight, about 1 to about 11% by weight, about 1.5 to about 11% by weight, about 2 to about 11% by weight, about 2.5 to about 11% by weight , about 3 to about 11% by weight, about 3.5 to about 11% by weight, about 4 to about 11% by weight, about 4.5 to about 11% by weight, about 5 to about 11% by weight, about 6 to about 11 wt%, about 7 to about 11 wt%, about 8 to about 11 wt%; about 0.5 to about 9% by weight, about 1 to about 9% by weight, about 1.5 to about 9% by weight, about 2 to about 9% by weight, about 2.5 to about 9% by weight , about 3 to about 9% by weight, about 3.5 to about 9% by weight, about 4 to about 9% by weight, about 4.5 to about 9% by weight, about 5 to about 9% by weight, about 6 to about 9 wt%, about 7 to about 9 wt%; about 0.5 to about 7% by weight, about 1 to about 7% by weight, about 1.5 to about 7% by weight, about 2 to about 7% by weight, about 2.5 to about 7% by weight , about 3 to about 7 wt%, about 3.5 to about 7 wt%, about 4 to about 7 wt%, about 4.5 to about 7 wt%, or about 5 to about 7 wt% , including all included ranges and sub-ranges, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

The at least one filler may be hydrophobic silica (such as, silica sylilate), silica, nylon-12, cellulose, cross-linked polymer of methacrylate (such as, cross-linked polymer of methyl methacrylate), silicone powder (such as as, polymethylsilsesquioxane), and a combination thereof.

In some instances, the skin tightening composition preferably includes a hydrophobic silica, such as silica silylate. Hydrophobic silicas are often supplied in the form of particles, a porous material obtained by replacing (by drying) the liquid component of a silica gel with air. They are generally synthesized via a sol-gel process in a liquid medium and then dried, usually by extraction with a supercritical fluid; the most commonly used being supercritical CO ₂ . This type of drying avoids a shrinkage of the pores and the material. In some cases, the particles dissolve when combined with solvents.

The expression "hydrophobic silica" means any silica whose surface is treated with silylation agents, for example halogenated silanes such as alkylchlorosilanes, siloxanes, in particular dimethylsiloxanes such as hexamethyldisiloxane, or silazanes, so as to functionalize OH groups with Si--Rn silyl groups, for example trimethylsilyl groups. With respect to the preparation of hydrophobic silica airgel particles surface-modified by silylation, reference may be made to U.S. Patent No. 7,470,725, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some cases useful hydrophobic silica particles are surface modified with trimethylsilyl groups. In at least one case, the hydrophobic silica is an airgel.

Hydrophobic silica includes that which displays a specific surface area per unit mass (SM) ranging from 500 to 1500 m ² /g, from 600 to 1200 m ² /g, or 600 to 800 m ² /g, and a size , expressed as the volume-average diameter (D[0.5]), ranging from 1 to 1500 μm, from 1 to 1000 μm, or from 1 to 100 μm, in particular from 1 to 30 μm, from 5 to 25 μm, or 5 to 20 μm, and in some cases 5 to 15 μm. In some cases, the hydrophobic silica particles used in the skin tightening composition have a size, expressed as the volume average diameter (D[0.5]), ranging from 1 to 30 μm, from 5 to 25 μm , from 5 to 20 μm or from 5 to 15 μm. In some cases, the hydrophobic silica particles have a specific surface area per unit mass (SM) ranging from 600 to 800 m ² /g and a size expressed as the volume average diameter (D[0.5]) ranging from 5 at 20 μm or from 5 to 15 μm.

Surface area per unit mass can be determined by the nitrogen absorption process, known as the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) process, described in The Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 60, page 309, February 1938 and corresponding to international standard ISO 5794/1 (appendix D). The BET specific surface corresponds to the total specific surface of the particles considered.

The sizes of hydrophobic silica particles (for example, airgel particles) can be measured by static light scattering using a commercial particle size analyzer such as MasterSizer 2000 from Malvern. The data is processed based on Mie scattering theory. This theory, which is exact for isotropic particles, makes it possible to determine, in the case of non-spherical particles, an “effective” particle diameter. This theory is described in particular in the publication by Van de Hulst, H. C., "Light Scattering by Small Particles", chapters 9 and 10, Wiley, New York, 1957.

The hydrophobic silica particles can advantageously have a packed density ρ ranging from 0.02 g/cm ³ to 0.10 g/cm ³ , from 0.03 g/cm ³ to 0.10 g/cm ³ , from 0 0.04 g/cm ³ to 0.10 g/cm ³ , or from 0.05 g/cm ³ to 0.08 g/cm ³ . The density ρ, known as the tapped density, can be estimated according to the following protocol: 40 g of powder are poured into a graduated cylinder; the graduated cylinder is then placed on a Stay 2003 machine from Stampf Volumeter; the graduated cylinder is then subjected to a series of 2500 compacting movements (this operation is repeated until the difference in volume between two consecutive tests is less than 2 per cent); the final volume Vf of the compacted powder is then measured directly on the graduated cylinder. The packed density is determined by the ratio w/Vf, in this case 40/Vf (Vf being expressed in cm ³ and w in g).

In some cases, the hydrophobic silica particles (for example, airgel particles) can have a specific surface area per unit volume SV ranging from 5 to 100 m ² /cm ³ , from 10 to 90 m ² /cm ³ , from 15 to 40 m ² /cm ³ , from 20 to 85 m ² /cm ³ , or from 24 to 80 m ² /cm ³ . The specific area per unit volume is given by the relationship: S _V =S _M ×ρ, where ρ is the tapped density, expressed in g/cm ³ , and S _M is the specific area per unit weight, expressed in m ² /g, as defined above.

Hydrophobic silica particles can have an oil absorption capacity, measured at the wetting point, ranging from 5 to 18 mL/g, 6 to 15 mL/g, or 8 to 12 mL/g. The absorption capacity measured at the wetting point, noted Wp, corresponds to the quantity of oil which is necessary to add to 100 g of particles in order to obtain a homogeneous paste. It is measured according to the “wetting point” process or the process for determining the oil uptake of a powder described in standard NF T 30-022.

Mention may be made of the hydrophobic silica sold under the name VM-2260 (INCI name: Silica silylate) by Dow Corning, whose particles have an average size of approximately 1000 microns and a specific surface area per unit mass ranging from 600 at 800 m ² /g. Mention may also be made of the aerogels sold by Cabot under the references Airgel TLD 201, Airgel OGD 201, Airgel TLD 203, Enova.RTM. Airgel MT 1100 and Enova Airgel MT 1200. In addition, the hydrophobic silica airgel particles sold under the name VM-2270 (INCI name: Silica silylate), by the company Dow Corning, the particles having an average size ranging from 5 at 15 microns and a specific surface area per unit mass ranging from 600 to 800 m ² /g can be useful.

Additional fillers may include polyvalent silicates such as magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, polyvalent silicate clay, montmorillonite, bentonite, smectite, and mixtures thereof. For example, the filler may include magnesium aluminum silicate.

Fatty compounds

In addition to the volatile hydrocarbon oils mentioned above, the skin tightening compositions may optionally include one or more fatty compounds, in particular, a non-volatile fatty compound. The total amount of fatty compounds in the skin tightening compositions, if present, can vary but is typically about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. skin. In some cases, the total amount of emulsifying fatty compounds in the skin tightening compositions is about 0.1 to about 15% by weight, about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, about 1 to about 20% by weight, about 1 to about 15% by weight, about 1 to about 10% by weight, about 1 to about 5% by weight; about 2 to about 20 wt%, about 2 to about 15 wt%, about 2 to about 10 wt%, about 2 to about 5 wt%; about 4 to about 20 wt%, about 4 to about 15 wt%, about 4 to about 10 wt%, about 4 to about 5 wt%, inclusive ranges and subranges, based on total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Non-limiting examples of non-volatile oils include:

i. hydrocarbon oils of animal origin such as perhydrosqualene;

ii. vegetable hydrocarbon oils, such as liquid triglycerides of fatty acids, for example sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, hazelnut oil, apricot, macadamia oil, castor oil, avocado oil, caprylic/capric acid triglycerides;

iii. the oils of formula R ₉ COOR ₁₀ in which R ₉ represents a higher fatty acid residue containing from 7 to 19 carbon atoms and R ₁₀ represents a branched hydrocarbon chain containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as, for example , Purcellin's oil;

iv. linear or branched hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin, such as non-volatile liquid paraffins and their derivatives, petroleum jelly (petrolatum), polydecenes, and hydrogenated polyisobutene such as Parleam;

v. synthetic esters and ethers such as isopropyl myristate, octanoates, decanoates or ricinoleates of alcohols or polyalcohols;

vi. fatty alcohols such as octyldodecanol or oleyl alcohol;

vii. partially hydrocarbon and/or silicone fluorinated oils;

viii. silicone oils such as linear non-volatile polydimethylsiloxanes (dimethicone) which are liquid or pasty at room temperature, phenyldimethicones, phenyltrimethicones and polymethylphenylsiloxanes; and their mixtures.

In certain cases, the one or more fatty substances can be chosen from polyolefins (petrolatum), waxes, squalane, squalene, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, polybutene, mineral oil, pentahydrosqualene, dimethicone, and one of their mixtures.

Additional fatty compounds worth mentioning include fatty alcohols, fatty esters, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, such as those discussed below.

fatty alcohols

The one or more fatty compounds can be glycerolated and/or oxyalkylenated, include from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, and/or be saturated or unsaturated. Fatty alcohols useful herein include those having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and from about 14 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols can be straight or branched chain alcohols and can be saturated or unsaturated. Non-limiting examples of fatty alcohols include decyl alcohol, undecyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, linalool, oleyl alcohol, cis4-t-butylcyclohexanol, myricyl alcohol and one of their mixtures. In some instances, the fatty alcohols include at least one of or may be selected from myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, and a mixture thereof.

Saturated liquid fatty alcohols can be branched and optionally contain in their structure at least one aromatic or non-aromatic ring. In some cases, however, fatty alcohols are acyclic. Non-limiting examples of liquid saturated fatty alcohols include octyldodecanol, isostearyl alcohol, and 2-hexyldecanol.

Unsaturated liquid fatty alcohols can include in their structure at least one double or triple bond. For example, fatty alcohols can include multiple double bonds (such as 2 or 3 double bonds), which can be conjugated or unconjugated. Unsaturated fatty alcohols can be linear or branched and can be acyclic or include in their structure at least one aromatic or non-aromatic ring. The liquid unsaturated fatty alcohols can include or be selected from oleyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol and undecylene alcohol.

Non-limiting examples of solid fatty alcohols include linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alcohols containing 8 to 30 carbon atoms, for example, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and mixtures thereof, cetyl stearyl alcohol.

Fatty esters

The fatty compounds of the skin tightening composition can be liquid or solid fatty esters at 25°C, 1 atm. The fatty esters can include esters of a C ₆ to C ₃₂ fatty acid and/or of a C ₆ to C ₃₂ fatty alcohol. For example, the fatty compounds can include or be selected from fatty acid monoesters and diesters, polyol esters, polyglycerol esters, polyglycerol polyricinoleate, polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearate, polyglycerol dimerate isostearate, ethyl hexanoate , polyglycerol esters, and mixtures thereof. These esters may be esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C ₁ to C ₂₆ aliphatic mono or polyacids and of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C ₁ to C ₂₅ aliphatic mono or polyalcohols, the total number of atoms of carbon in the esters being greater than or equal to 10. In one case, the fatty compounds comprise one or more fatty acid monoesters. For esters of monoalcohols, at least one of the alcohol or acid from which the esters result is branched. Among the monoesters of monoacids and monoalcohols, mention may be made of ethyl palmitate, isopropyl palmitate, alkyl myristates such as isopropyl myristate or ethyl myristate, isocetyl stearate, 2-ethylhexyl isononanoate , isononyl isononanoate, isodecyl neopentanoate and isostearyl neopentanoate.

In some cases, the fatty esters are cetyl esters, such as esters of saturated fatty acids and fatty alcohols. For example, the fatty esters can include or be selected from cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, myristyl myristate, myristyl stearate, cetyl myristate, stearyl stearate, cetearyl ethylhexanoate, and mixtures thereof. In one case, the fatty esters can be one or more or be selected from isopropyl isostearate, n-propyl myristate, isopropyl myristate, hexyl laurate, hexadecyl isostearate, hexidecyl laurate, octanoate hexyldecyl, n-propyl palmitate, isopropyl palmitate, and mixtures thereof. In another instance, the fatty esters include or may be selected from diisobutyl adipate, 2-hexyldecyl adipate, di-2-heptylundecyl adipate, monoisostearic acid N-alkyl glycol, isocetyl isostearate, trimethylolpropane triisostearate, di Ethylene glycol -2-ethylhexanoate, cetyl 2-ethylhexanoate, trimethylolpropane tri-2-ethylhexanoate, pentaerythritol tetra-2-ethylhexanoate, cetyl octanoate, octyldodecyl ester gum, oleyl oleate, octyldodecyl oleate , decyl oleate, neopentyl glycol dicaprate, triethyl citrate, 2-ethylhexyl succinate, isocetyl stearate, butyl stearate, diisopropyl sebacate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, cetyl lactate, myristyl lactate, palmitate dipentaerythritol fatty acid ester, isopropyl myristate, octyldodecyl myristate, 2- hexyld ecyl, myristyl myristate, hexyldecyl dimethyloctanoate, ethyl laurate, hexyl laurate, diisostearyl malate, dicaprylyl carbonate, cetearyl ethylhexanoate, and mixtures thereof. In yet another instance, the skin tightening composition includes one or more or may include fatty compounds selected from cetearyl alcohol, cetearyl ethylhexanoate, isopropyl myristate, and mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of solid fatty acid esters and/or fatty acid esters which may be mentioned include solid esters obtained from C ₉ to C ₂₆ fatty acids and fatty alcohols in C ₉ to C ₂₅ . Among these esters, mention may be made of octyldodecyl behenate, isocetyl behenate, cetyl lactate, stearyl octanoate, octyl octanoate, cetyl octanoate, decyl oleate, myristyl stearate, octyl palmitate, pelargonate octyl, octyl stearate, alkyl myristates such as cetyl myristate, myristyl myristate or stearyl myristate, and hexyl stearate.

Non-limiting examples of liquid fatty acid include triglyceride oils of vegetable or synthetic origin, such as liquid fatty acid triglycerides containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms, for example triglycerides of heptanoic or octanoic acid, or in variant, e.g. sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, pumpkin seed oil, grapeseed oil, sesame seed oil, hazelnut oil, apricot oil, macadamia oil, 'arara, castor oil, avocado oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, wheat germ oil, sweet almond oil, apricot oil, safflower oil, bancoul, camelina oil, tamanu oil, babassu oil and pracaxi oil, jojoba oil, shea butter oil, and mixtures thereof. In one instance, the one or more fatty compounds include at least one of or are selected from fatty acid triglycerides, oils, mineral oil, alkanes, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, alkoxylated fatty acids , polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, propylene glycol esters of fatty acids, butylene glycol esters of fatty acids, neopentyl glycol esters of fatty acids, polyglycerol/glycerol esters of fatty acids, diesters of glycol, ethylene glycol diesters of fatty acids, esters of fatty acids and fatty alcohols, esters of short-chain alcohols and fatty acids, esters of fatty alcohols, hydroxy-substituted fatty acids, waxes , and a mixture thereof. In another instance, the fatty compounds of the skin tightening composition include one or more fatty acid triglycerides, such as caprylic/capric triglyceride.

Fatty alcohol derivatives

The skin tightening compositions may, in some instances, include fatty alcohol derivatives such as fatty alcohol alkyl ethers, fatty alcohol alkoxylates, fatty alcohol alkoxylate alkyl ethers, fatty alcohol esters and one of their mixtures. Non-limiting examples of fatty alcohol derivatives include materials such as methyl stearyl ether; 2-ethylhexyl dodecyl ether; stearyl acetate; cetyl propionate; the ceteth series of compounds such as ceteth-1 through ceteth-45, which are ethylene glycol ethers of cetyl alcohol, wherein the numerical designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; the steareth series of compounds such as steareth-1 through 10, which are ethylene glycol ethers of steareth alcohol, in which the numerical designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; ceteareth-1 to ceteareth-10, which are the ethylene glycol ethers of ceteareth alcohol, i.e. a mixture of fatty alcohols containing predominantly cetearyl and stearyl alcohol, in which the numerical designation indicates the number of fractions ethylene glycol present; the C ₁ to C ₃₀ alkyl ethers of the ceteth, steareth and ceteareth compounds which have just been described; polyoxyethylenated ethers of branched alcohols such as octyldodecyl alcohol, dodecylpentadecylic alcohol, hexyldecyl alcohol, and isostearyl alcohol; polyoxyethylene ethers of behenyl alcohol; PPG ethers such as PPG-9-steareth-3, PPG-11 stearyl ether, PPG8-ceteth-1, and PPG-10 cetyl ether; and a mixture thereof. The liquid fatty ethers can be chosen from liquid dialkyl ethers such as dicaprylyl ether. The non-liquid fatty ethers can also be chosen from dialkyl ethers and in particular dicetyl ether and distearyl ether, alone or in the form of a mixture.

Esters of C ₄ to C ₂₂ dicarboxylic or tricarboxylic acids and C ₁ to C ₂₂ alcohols and esters of C 4 to C 22 monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic or tricarboxylic acids and non-sugar dihydroxy, trihydroxy, tetrahydroxy or pentahydroxy alcohols ₄ to C ₂₆ can also be used. Mention may in particular be made of diethyl sebacate; diisopropyl sebacate; diisopropyl adipate; di-n-propyl adipate; triisopropyl citrate; glyceryl trilactate; glyceryl trioctanoate; neopentyl glycol diheptanoate; and diethylene glycol diisononanoate.

Fatty acid derivatives

The skin tightening compositions may, in some cases, include fatty acid derivatives. Fatty acid derivatives are defined herein to include fatty acid esters of fatty alcohols as defined above, fatty acid esters of fatty alcohol derivatives as discussed above when such derivatives of fatty alcohols contain an esterifiable hydroxyl group, fatty acid esters of alcohols other than the fatty alcohols and fatty alcohol derivatives described above, hydroxy-substituted fatty acids, and a mixture thereof. Non-limiting examples of fatty acid derivatives include ricinoleic acid, glycerol monostearate, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, ethyl stearate, cetyl stearate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl polyoxyethylene stearate, polyoxyethylene stearate stearate, stearate polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, ethylene glycol monostearate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene distearate, propylene glycol monostearate, propylene glycol distearate, trimethylolpropane distearate, sorbitan stearate, polyglyceryl stearate, dimethyl sebacate, PEG-15 cocoate, PPG- stearate 15, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl tristearate, PEG-8 laurate, PPG-2 isostearate, PPG-9 laurate, and a mixture thereof.

Nonionic surfactant(s)

The skin tightening composition can optionally include one or more nonionic surfactants. Although the skin tightening composition is typically an emulsion when it contains one or more nonionic surfactants, the skin tightening composition can alternatively be anhydrous when it contains such nonionic surfactants.

The nonionic surfactant(s) may include one or more of peg-30 dipolyhydroxystearate, polyglyceryl-4 diisostearate/polyhydroxystearate/sebacate, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearate, dimethicone (and) peg/ppg-18/18 dimethicone, lauryl peg-9 polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone, and a combination thereof. The nonionic surfactant can be, for example, chosen from alcohols, alpha-diols, alkylphenols and fatty acid esters, these compounds being ethoxylated, propoxylated or glycerolated and having at least one fatty chain comprising, for example, from 8 to 18 carbon atoms. The number of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide groups of the preceding compounds can range from 2 to 50, and the number of glycerol groups can range from 1 to 30. Mention may be made of copolymers of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide; condensates of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols; polyethoxylated fatty amides comprising, for example, from 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide; polyglycerolated fatty amides comprising, for example, from 1.5 to 5 glycerol groups, such as 1.5 to 4; sorbitan ethoxylated fatty acid esters comprising 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide; ethoxylated oils of plant origin; sucrose fatty acid esters; polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters; polyethoxylated fatty acid mono or diesters of glycerol alkyl (C ₆ to C ₂₄ ) polyglycosides; derivatives of N-alkyl (C ₆ to C ₂₄ ) glucamine, amine oxides such as alkyl (C ₁₀ to C ₁₄ ) amine oxides or N-acyl oxides (C ₁₀ to C ₁₄ ) aminopropylmorpholine; and their mixtures. Mention may also be made of maltose derivatives.

The nonionic surfactants can be chosen from polyoxyalkylenated or polyglycerolated nonionic surfactants. The oxyalkylene units are more preferably oxyethylene or oxypropylene units, or a combination thereof, and are preferably oxyethylene units.

In some cases, the nonionic surfactant can be chosen from esters of polyols with fatty acids with a saturated or unsaturated chain containing for example from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and their alkoxylated derivatives , preferably with a number of alkylene oxides of from 10 to 200, and more preferably from 10 to 100, such as glyceryl esters of a C ₈ to C ₂₄ fatty acid or acids, of preferably C ₁₂ to C ₂₂ , and their alkoxylated derivatives, preferably with a number of alkylene oxides from 10 to 200, and more preferably from 10 to 100; polyethylene glycol esters of a C ₈ to C ₂₄ fatty acid or acids, preferably C ₁₂ to C ₂₂ , and their alkoxylated derivatives, preferably with a number of alkylene oxides from 10 to 200, and more preferably from 10 to 100; sorbitol esters of a C ₈ to C ₂₄ fatty acid or acids, preferably C ₁₂ to C ₂₂ and their alkoxylated derivatives, preferably with an alkylene oxide number of 10 to 200, and of more preferably from 10 to 100; sugar esters (sucrose, glucose, alkylglycose) of a C ₈ to C ₂₄ fatty acid or acids, preferably C ₁₂ to C ₂₂ and their alkoxylated derivatives, preferably with a number of alkylene oxides from 10 to 200, and more preferably from 10 to 100; fatty alcohol ethers; sugar ethers of a C ₈ to C ₂₄ , preferably C ₁₂ to C ₂₂ , fatty alcohol or alcohols; and their mixtures.

Examples of ethoxylated fatty esters which may be mentioned include adducts of ethylene oxide with esters of lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid, and mixtures thereof, especially those containing from 9 to 100 oxyethylene groups—such as PEG-9 to PEG-50 laurate (under the CTFA names: PEG-9 laurate to PEG-50 laurate); PEG-9 to PEG-50 palmitate (under the CTFA names: PEG-9 palmitate to PEG-50 palmitate); PEG-9 to PEG-50 stearate (under the CTFA names: PEG-9 stearate to PEG-50 stearate); palmitostearate from PEG-9 to PEG-50; PEG-9 to PEG-50 behenate (under the CTFA names: PEG-9 behenate to PEG-50 behenate); polyethylene glycol monostearate 100 EO (CTFA name: PEG-100 stearate); and their mixtures. As fatty acid glyceryl esters, mention may in particular be made of glyceryl stearate (glyceryl mono-, di- and/or tristearate) (CTFA name: glyceryl stearate) or glyceryl ricinoleate and mixtures thereof. As glyceryl esters of C ₈ to C ₂₄ alkoxylated fatty acids, mention may for example be made of polyethoxylated glyceryl stearate (mono-, di- and/or glyceryl tristearate) such as PEG-20 glyceryl stearate. Mixtures of these surfactants, such as for example the product containing glyceryl stearate and PEG-100 stearate, marketed under the name ARLACEL 165 by Uniqema, and the product containing glyceryl stearate (glyceryl mono- and distearate) and potassium stearate marketed under the name TEG1N by Goldschmidt (CTFA name: glyceryl stearate SE), can also be used.

Typically, the amount of nonionic surfactants included in skin tightening compositions, when present, ranges from about 0.5 to about 10% by weight, about 0.5 to about 8% by weight, about 0.5 to about 6 wt%, about 0.5 to about 5 wt%, about 0.5 to about 4 wt%; about 1 to about 10 wt%, about 1 to about 8 wt%, about 1 to about 6 wt%, about 1 to about 5 wt%, about 1 to about 4 wt%; about 2 to about 10 wt%, about 2 to about 8 wt%, about 2 to about 6 wt%, about 2 to about 5 wt%, about 2 to about 4 wt%; about 3 to about 10% by weight, about 3 to about 8% by weight, about 3 to about 6% by weight, about 3 to about 5% by weight, about 3 to about 4% by weight, including all ranges and subranges included, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Dispersant(s)

The skin tightening composition can optionally include one or more dispersants. The dispersant can be chosen from polyoxyethylene glycol ethers or esters (POE/PEG ethers or esters) or polyoxypropylene glycol ethers or esters (PPG ethers or esters), from sugar ethers or esters, from ethers or esters of glycerol or polyglycerol and ethoxylated glyceride esters (POE glyceryl esters), poly(hydroxystearic acid), or a combination thereof.

The dispersant may be selected such that it protects against their aggregation or flocculation various ingredients of the skin tightening composition, such as coloring particles, which are solid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure when placed in contact with an aqueous composition. More generally, the dispersant can be a surfactant, an oligomer, a polymer or a mixture of several of them, carrying one or more functionalities which have a strong affinity for the surface of the components to be dispersed. In some cases, the dispersant may be physically adsorbed onto the surface of the particles to be dispersed. In at least one case, the dispersant is selected from those having a hydrophilicity of an HLB of 10 or less, 7 or less, or 6 or less. The expression “HLB of 10 or less” means a surfactant having, at 25° C., an HLB balance (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance), within the meaning of Griffin, less than or equal to 10. The dispersant can be nonionic and/or chosen from polyoxyethylene glycol ethers or esters (POE/PEG ethers or esters) or polyoxypropylene glycol ethers or esters (PPG ethers or esters), sugar ethers or esters, glycerol ethers or esters or polyglycerol and glyceride esters ethoxylated (POE glyceryl esters) or from mixtures thereof.

Typically, the amount of dispersants included in skin tightening compositions, when present, ranges from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, 0.5 to about 10% by weight, about 0.5 about 8% by weight, about 0.5 to about 6% by weight, about 0.5 to about 5% by weight, about 0.5 to about 4% by weight; about 1 to about 10 wt%, about 1 to about 8 wt%, about 1 to about 6 wt%, about 1 to about 5 wt%, about 1 to about 4 wt%; about 1.5 to about 10% by weight, about 1.5 to about 8% by weight, about 1.5 to about 6% by weight, about 1.5 to about 5% by weight, about 1.5 to about 4% by weight, inclusive of all ranges and subranges, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Water Soluble Solvents

The skin tightening composition can optionally include one or more water-soluble solvents. The term "water-soluble solvent" is interchangeable with the term "water-miscible solvent" and means a compound which is liquid at 25°C and atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), and has a solubility of at least 50% in water under these conditions. In some cases, the water-soluble solvent has a solubility of at least 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%. Non-limiting examples of water-soluble solvents include, for example, glycerin, C ₁ -C ₄ alcohols, organic solvents, fatty alcohols, fatty ethers, fatty esters, polyols, glycols, and any mixture thereof . In some cases, the skin tightening composition includes one or more C ₁ -C ₄ alcohols, for example, ethanol.

As examples of organic solvents, non-limiting mention may be made of monoalcohols and polyols such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethyl alcohol, or glycols or glycol ethers such as, for example, monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or their ethers such as, for example, monomethyl ether of propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, dipropylene glycol as well as alkyl ethers of diethylene glycol, for example monoethyl ether or monobutyl ether of diethylene glycol. Other suitable examples of organic solvents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, propane diol, and glycerine. Organic solvents can be volatile or non-volatile compounds.

Additional non-limiting examples of water-soluble solvents include alkanediols (polyhydric alcohols) such as glycerine, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol , dipropylene glycol, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, (caprylyl glycol), 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-pentanediol , and 4-methyl-1,2-pentanediol; alkyl alcohols containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethanol, methanol, butanol, propanol, and isopropanol; glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono- iso-propyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 1-methyl-1-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono- n-propyl ether, and dipropylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether; 2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, formamide, acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, sorbitan, sorbitan, acetin, diacetin, triacetin, sulfolane, and a mixture thereof.

Polyhydric alcohols are useful. Examples of polyhydric alcohols include glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1 ,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, polyethylene glycol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, and one of their mixtures. Polyol compounds can also be used. Non-limiting examples include aliphatic diols, such as 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-butanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2 -methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol, 5-hexene-1,2-diol, and 2- ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, and a mixture thereof.

The total amount of water-soluble solvents in the skin tightening composition, if present, can vary but is typically about 0.01 to about 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. skin tightening. In some cases, the total amount of water-soluble solvents is about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, about 0.01 to about 15% by weight, about 0.01 to about 10% by weight, about 0.1 to about 25% by weight, about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, about 0.1 to about 15% by weight, about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, about 1 to about 25% by weight, about 1 to about 20% by weight, about 1 to about 15% by weight, about 1 to about 10% by weight, or about 1 to about 8% by weight, including all ranges and subranges included , based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Inorganic pigments

The skin tightening compositions can optionally include one or more inorganic pigments. Non-limiting examples include titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, mica, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, chromium oxide, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate, blue ferric, aluminum powder, copper powder, silver powder, gold powder, barium sulphate, carbon black, mica and mixtures thereof.

The total amount of inorganic pigments, if present, can vary but is typically about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. The total amount of inorganic pigments may be about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, about 0.01 to about 18% by weight, about 0.01 to about 16% by weight, about 0.01 to about 14 wt%, about 0.01 to about 12 wt%, about 0.01 to about 10 wt%, about 0.01 to about 8 wt%, about 0.01 to about 6 wt%, about 0 0.01 to about 5% by weight, about 0.01 to about 4% by weight, about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, about 0.1 to about 8% by weight, about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, or about 0.1 to about 4% by weight, about 1 to about 20% by weight, about 1 to about 18% by weight, about 1 to about 16% by weight, about 1 to about 14% by weight , about 1 to about 12% by weight, about 1 to about 10% by weight, about 1 to about 8% by weight, about 2 to about 20% by weight, about 2 to about 18% by weight, about 2 to about 16% by weight, about 2 to about 14% by weight, about 2 to about 12% by weight, e about 2 to about 10% by weight, about 2 to about 8% by weight, about 4 to about 20% by weight, about 4 to about 18% by weight, about 4 to about 16% by weight, about 4 to about 14 wt%, about 4 to about 12 wt%, about 4 to about 10 wt%, about 4 to about 8 wt%, inclusive ranges and subranges, based on the total weight of the tightening composition skin.

Organic dyes

The skin tightening compositions can optionally include one or more organic colorants. Non-limiting examples include D & C red #19 (CI 45, 170), D & C red #9 (CI 15, 585), D & C red #21 (CI 45, 380), D & C Orange #4 (CI 15, 510), D & C Orange #5 (CI 45, 370), D & C Red #27 (CI 45, 410), D & C Red #13 (CI 15, 630), D & C red no. 7 (CI 15, 850:1), D & C red no. 6 (CI 15, 850:2), D & C yellow no. 5 (CI 19, 140), D & C red n° 36 (CI 12, 085), D & C orange n° 10 (CI 45, 425), D & C yellow n° 6 (CI 15, 985), D & C red n° 30 (CI 73, 360), D & C red No. 3 (CI 45, 430), carbon black (CI 77, 266), cochineal carmine lake (CI 75, 470), natural or synthetic melamine, and aluminum.

The total amount of organic colorants, if present, can vary but is typically about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. The total amount of organic colorants can be about 0.01 to about 20% by weight, about 0.01 to about 18% by weight, about 0.01 to about 16% by weight, about 0.01 to about 14 wt%, about 0.01 to about 12 wt%, about 0.01 to about 10 wt%, about 0.01 to about 8 wt%, about 0.01 to about 6 wt%, about 0 0.01 to about 5% by weight, about 0.01 to about 4% by weight, about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, about 0.1 to about 8% by weight, about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, or about 0.1 to about 4% by weight, about 1 to about 20% by weight, about 1 to about 18% by weight, about 1 to about 16% by weight, about 1 to about 14% by weight , about 1 to about 12% by weight, about 1 to about 10% by weight, about 1 to about 8% by weight, about 2 to about 20% by weight, about 2 to about 18% by weight, about 2 to about 16% by weight, about 2 to about 14% by weight, about 2 to about 12% by weight, by about 2 to about 10% by weight, about 2 to about 8% by weight, about 4 to about 20% by weight, about 4 to about 18% by weight, about 4 to about 16% by weight, about 4 to about 14 wt%, about 4 to about 12 wt%, about 4 to about 10 wt%, about 4 to about 8 wt%, inclusive ranges and subranges, based on the total weight of the tightening composition skin.

Soft focus powder

The skin tightening compositions can optionally include a soft focus powder. Soft focus powders are materials that impart a hazy effect, typically due to their light scattering properties on the skin. Such powders typically have high diffuse reflectance, low specular reflectance, and high diffuse transmittance. Soft focus powders give the skin a smoother look, for example, by reducing the difference in brightness between the furrow and the edges of wrinkles and blemishes.

Non-limiting examples of soft focus powders include powders of natural or synthetic origin such as mica, titanate mica, alumina, titanium dioxide, serecite, talc/titanium dioxide/alumina/silica composite powders, polyamide, poly( (meth)acrylate), polyethylene powder, polymethylsilsesquioxane powder, cross-linked polymer-2 of sodium acrylates and a mixture thereof. Additional non-limiting examples include calcium aluminum borosilicate (Luxsil), PMMA (Microsphere M-100), polyethylene (POLYETHYLENE Cl 2080), cross-linked polymer of methyl methacrylate (COVABEADS LH85), nylon-12 (ORGASOL 2002), or copolymer ethylene/acrylic acid (FLOBEADS EA209). In some instances, the skin tightening compositions include at least one soft focus powder selected from the group consisting of coated or uncoated silica, fumed silica, silica silylate, talc/titanium dioxide/ alumina/silica, polyamide (nylon), poly(methyl(meth)acrylate), polyethylene powder, polymethylsilsesquioxane powder, waxes, such as copernicia cerifera (carnauba) wax, dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone cross-linked polymer, nylon-12 , cellulose, poly(lactic acid), boron nitride, and a mixture thereof. Copernicia cerifera (carnauba) wax can be supplied as a water- and alcohol-free dispersion. The cross-linked dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone polymer can be supplied as a silicone dispersion (INCI: Dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer (and) C12-14 Pareth-12). In some cases, the soft focus powder is (or includes) cross-linked polymer-2 of sodium acrylates, which is commercially available as AQUAKEEP 10SH-NFC as cross-linked polymer-2 of sodium acrylates (and) water (and) silica.

The total amount of soft focus powder, if present, can vary but is typically about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition. In some cases, the total amount of soft focus powder is about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, about 0.1 to about 18% by weight, about 0.1 to about 16% by weight, about 0 1 to about 15% by weight, about 0.1 to about 14% by weight, about 0.1 to about 12% by weight, about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, about 1 to about 20% by weight, about 1 to about 18% by weight, about 1 to about 16% by weight, about 1 to about 15% by weight, about 1 to about 14% by weight, about 1 about 12% by weight, about 1 to about 10% by weight, or about 1 to about 8% by weight, about 2 to about 20% by weight, about 2 to about 18% by weight, about 2 to about 16% by weight, about 2 to about 14% by weight, about 2 to about 12% by weight, about 2 to about 10% by weight, about 2 to about 8% by weight, about 4 to about 20% by weight, about 4 to about 18% by weight, about 4 to about 16% by weight, e about 4 to about 14 wt%, about 4 to about 12 wt%, about 4 to about 10 wt%, about 4 to about 8 wt%, inclusive ranges and subranges, based on total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Active agents for the skin

The skin tightening compositions may optionally include one or more skin-active agents, such as anti-aging agents, anti-wrinkle actives, antioxidants, humectants, moisturizing ingredients, depigmenting agents, and/or depigmenting agents. oily skin treatment etc. The skin active agents can be included in the skin tightening composition in an amount ranging from greater than zero to about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. For example, the total amount of skin active agents can be greater than zero at about 9% by weight, greater than zero at about 8% by weight, greater than zero at about 7% by weight, greater than zero at about 6 wt%, plus zero to about 5 wt%, plus zero to about 4 wt%, plus zero to about 3 wt%, plus zero to about 2 wt%; about 10 ppm to about 10 wt% (100,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 5 wt% (50,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 2.5 wt% (25,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 1% by weight (10,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 0.5% by weight (5,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 0.3% by weight (3,000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 0.2 wt% (2000 ppm), about 10 ppm to about 0.1 wt% (1000 ppm), about 10 ppm to 500 ppm; about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, about 0.1 to about 2.5% by weight, about 0.1 to about 1% by weight, about 0.1 about 0.5% by weight; about 1 to about 10% by weight, about 1 to about 8% by weight, about 1 to about 6% by weight, about 1 to about 5% by weight, about 1 to about 4% by weight, about 1 to about 3 % in weight ; about 2 to about 10 wt%, about 2 to about 8 wt%, about 2 to about 6 wt%, about 2 to about 5 wt%, about 2 to about 4 wt%; about 3 to about 10 wt%, about 3 to about 8 wt%, about 3 to about 6 wt%, about 3 to about 5 wt%; about 4 to about 10% by weight, about 4 to about 8% by weight, or about 4 to about 6% by weight, including ranges and subranges, based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition .

A non-limiting discussion of skin active agents that may, in some cases, be included in the skin tightening composition is provided below:

Humectants and/or moisturizing ingredients

Examples of humectants and/or moisturizing ingredients include glycerol and its derivatives, urea and its derivatives, including Hydrovance marketed by National Starch, lactic acid, hyaluronic acid, AHAs, BHAs, sodium pidolate, xylitol, serine, sodium lactate, ectoin and its derivatives, chitosan and its derivatives, collagen, plankton, an extract of Imperata cylindra sold under the name Moist 24 by Sederma, homopolymers of acrylic acid such as Lipidure-HM from NOF Corporation, beta-glucan and in particular carboxymethyl beta -Mibelle-AG-Biochemistry sodium glucan, a mixture of passion flower, apricot, corn, and rice bran oils sold by Nestlé under the name NutraLipids, a derivative of C-glycoside, in particular C-13 -D-xylopyranoside-2-hydroxypropane in the form of a 30% solution by weight of active ingredient in a water/propylene glycol mixture (60/40% by weight) like the product produced by the company Chimex under the trade name "Mexoryl SBB", a rosehip oil c marketed by Nestlé, an extract of micro-algae Prophyridium cruentum enriched with zinc, marketed under the name Vincience Algualane Zinc spheres of collagen and chondroitin sulphate of marine origin (Atelocollagen) sold by the company Engelhard Lyon under the name Marine Filling Spheres , hyaluronic acid spheres such as those marketed by Engelhard Lyon, and arginine.

Depigmentation agents

Depigmenting agents which may be incorporated into the skin tightening composition include those selected from alpha and beta arbutin, ferulic acid, lucinol and derivatives thereof, kojic acid, resorcinol and derivatives thereof, tranexamic acid and derivatives thereof, gentisic acid, homogentisic, gentisate or methyl homogentisate, dioic acid, calcium sulfonate of D panthetein, lipoic acid, ellagic acid, vitamin B3, linoleic acid and its derivatives, certain compounds derived from plants such as chamomile, bearberry, the aloe family (vera , ferox, bardensis), blackberry, skullcap, a water kiwi (Actinidia chinensis) marketed by Gattefosse, a root extract of Paeonia suffruticosa, such as that sold by Ichimaru Pharcos under the name Liquid Botanpi Be, a brown sugar extract (Saccharum officinarum) such as a molasses extract marketed by Taiyo Kagaku under the name Liquid Molasses, without this list being exhaustive. Particular depigmentation agents include alpha and beta arbutin, ferulic acid, kojic acid, resorcinol and derivatives, calcium sulfonate of D Panthetein, lipoic acid, ellagic acid, vitamin B3, a water kiwi (Actinidia chinensis) marketed by Gattefosse, a root extract of Paeonia suffruticosa, such as that sold by the company Ichimaru Pharcos under the name Botanpi Liquid B.

Anti-wrinkle active

The skin tightening composition can include one or more anti-wrinkle actives. The expression "anti-wrinkle active" refers to a natural or synthetic compound producing a biological effect, such as the increased synthesis and/or activity of certain enzymes, when it is brought into contact with an area of wrinkled skin. , this has the effect of reducing the appearance of fine lines and/or wrinkles. Examples of anti-wrinkle active agents can be chosen from: desquamation agents, anti-glycation agents, NO-synthase inhibitors, agents stimulating the synthesis of dermal or epidermal macromolecules and/or preventing their degradation, agents for stimulating proliferation fibroblasts and/or keratinocytes, or stimulation of keratinocyte differentiation reducing agents; muscle relaxants and/or dermo-decontracting agents, anti-free radical agents, and mixtures thereof. Examples of such compounds are: adenosine and its derivatives and retinoids other than retinol (as discussed above, such as retinol palmitate), ascorbic acid and its derivatives such as magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glucoside; nicotinic acid and its precursors such as nicotinamide; ubiquinone; glutathione and its precursors such as L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, C-glycoside compounds and their derivatives as described in particular in document EP-1345919, in particular C-beta-D-xylopyranoside-2-hydroxy -propane as described in particular in the document EP-1345919, plant extracts such as sea fennel and extracts of olive leaves, as well as plants and their hydrolysates such as rice protein hydrolysates or soy proteins; extracts of algae and in particular of laminaria, bacterial extracts, sapogenins such as diosgenin and extracts of plants of Dioscorea, in particular wild yam, comprising: a-hydroxy acids, f3-hydroxy acids, such as salicylic acid and n-octanoyl-5-salicylic oligopeptides and pseudodipeptides and their acyl derivatives, in particular {2-[acetyl-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-amino]-3-methyl-}acetic acid and lipopeptides marketed by the company under the trade names SEDERMA Matrixyl 500 and Matrixyl 3000; lycopene, manganese salts and magnesium salts, in particular gluconates, and mixtures thereof. In at least one instance, the skin tightening composition includes derivatives of adenosine, such as non-adenosine phosphate derivatives, such as in particular 2'-deoxyadenosine, 2',3'-adenosine isopropoylidene ; toyocamycin, 1-methyladenosine, N-6-methyladenosine; Adenosine N-oxide, 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside, and 6-chloropurine riboside. Other derivatives include adenosine receptor agonists such as phenylisopropyl adenosine ("PIA"), 1-methylisoguanosine, N6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA), N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine, 2 -chloroadenosine, N6-phenyladenosine, 2-phenylaminoadenosine, MECA, N 6-phenethyladenosine, 2-p-(2-carboxy-ethyl) phenethyl-amino-5'-N-ethylcarboxamido adenosine (CGS-21680), N-ethylcarboxamido- adenosine (NECA), 5'(N-cyclopropyl)-carboxamidoadenosine, DPMA (PD 129.944) and metrifudil.

Skin active agent for oily skin

The skin tightening composition may optionally include a skin active agent which is intended for oily skin. These agents can be sebo-regulating or anti-seborrheic agents capable of regulating the activity of sebaceous glands. Examples of skin actives for oily skin include: retinoic acid, benzoyl peroxide, sulfur, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine or) chloride, selenium, glasswort-cinnamon extract mixtures, tea and octanoylglycine such as -- 15 Sepicontrol A5 TEA from Seppic -- the mixture of cinnamon, sarcosine and octanoylglycine marketed in particular by Seppic under the trade name Sepicontrol A5 -- zinc salts such as zinc gluconate, zinc pyrrolidonecarboxylate (or zinc pidolate) , zinc lactate, zinc aspartate, zinc carboxylate, zinc salicylate, zinc cysteate; -- derivatives in particular copper and copper pidolate such as Cuivridone Solabia -- plant extracts of Arnica montana, Cinchona succirubra, Eugenia caryophyllata, Humulus lupulus, Hypericum perforatum, Mentha pipenta 25 Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis and Thymus vulgaris , all marketed for example by Maruzen -- extracts of meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria), such as those sold under the name Sebonormine by Silab -- extracts of the seaweed Laminaria saccharina, such as that sold under the name Phlorogine by Biotechmarine -- root extracts of mixtures of burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis/Poterium officinale), ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinalis) and cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia), such as that sold under the name Sebustop by Solabia -- linseed extracts such as that sold under the name Linumine by Lucas Meyer -- extracts of Phellodendron such as that sold under the name Phellodendron extract BG by Maruze n or Oubaku liquid B by Ichimaru Pharcos -- extracts of a mixture of argan oil from Serenoa serrulata (cabbage palm) extract and sesame seeds such as that sold under the name Regu SEB by Pentapharm -- mixtures of extracts of willowherb, Terminalia chebula, nasturtium and bioavailable zinc (microalgae), such as that sold under the name Seborilys Green Tech; -- extracts of Pygeum afrianum such as that sold under the name Pygeum afrianum sterolic lipid extract by Euromed -- extracts of Serenoa serrulata such as those sold under the name Viapure Sabal by Actives International, and those sold by the company Euromed -- extracts of mixtures of plantain, Berberis aquifolium and sodium salicylate 20 such as that sold under the name Seboclear Rahn -- clove extracts such as that sold under the name Clove extract powder by Maruzen -- argan oil such as that sold under the name Lipofructyl Laboratories Serobiologiques; lactic protein filtrates, such as that sold under the name Normaseb by Sederma -- laminaria seaweed extracts, such as that sold under the name Laminarghane by Biotechmarine -- Laminaria digitata seaweed oligosaccharides, such than that sold under the name Phycosaccharide 30 AC by the company Codif -- extracts of sugar cane such as that sold under the name Policosanol by the company Sabinsa, sulphonated shale oil, such as that sold under the name Ichtyol Pale by Ichthyol -- extracts of meadowsweet (Spiraea ulmaria) such as that sold under the name Cytobiol Ulmaire by the company Libiol -- sebacic acid, in particular sold in the form of sodium polyacrylate gel under the name Sebosoft by Sederma -- glucomannans extracted from konjac tuber and modified with alkylsulfonate chains such as that sold under the name Biopol Beta by Arch Chemical -- extracts of Sophora angustifolia, such as those sold under the name Sop hora powder or Sophora extract by Bioland -- Cinchona succirubra bark extracts such as that sold under the name Red Bark HS by Alban Muller -- Quillaja saponaria extracts such as that sold under the name Panama wood HS by Alban Muller -- glycine grafted on an undecylenic chain, such as that sold under the name Lipacide UG OR by SEPPIC -- the mixture of oleanolic acid and nordihydroguaiaretic acid, such as that sold in the form of a gel under the AC.Net name by Sederma; 20 -- phthalimidoperoxyhexanoic acid -- tri-citrate (C ₁₂ to C ₁₃ ) sold under the name COSMACOL.RTM. ECI by Sasol; a trialkyl citrate (C ₁₄ to C ₁₅ ) sold under the name COSMACOL.RTM. ECL by Sasol -- 10-hydroxydecanoic acid, including mixtures of October 25-hydroxydecanoic acid, sebacic acid and 1,10-decandiol such as that sold as Acnacidol BG by Vincience and mixtures thereof.

Antioxidants

Vitamin C and derivatives may be used, including ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate, and the fat-soluble esters tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate and ascorbyl palmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl-glucoside, glucosamine ascorbate, acetate of ascorbyl, etc. In addition, plant extracts containing a large amount of vitamin C such as camu-camu berry (Myrciaria dubia), acerola, emblica officinalis, and bioflavonoids from rosehip and citrus can be used, including bioflavonoids soluble in water such as hesperidin methyl chalcone can also be used.

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) or sesame lignan can also be added. Sesame and its lignans (fibrous compounds associated with sesame) act as antioxidants. Sesame seed lignans significantly boost vitamin E activity.

Other antioxidants include tocopherols (eg d-α-tocopherol, d-β-tocopherol, d-γ-tocopherol, d-delta-tocopherol), tocotrienols (eg d-α-tocotrienol, d-β-tocotrienol , d-γ-tocotrienol, d-delta-tocotrienol,) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate). These compounds can be isolated from natural sources, prepared by synthetic means, or mixtures thereof. Tocotrienol-enriched vitamin E preparations can be obtained by fractionating vitamin E preparations to remove a portion of tocopherols and recover a more highly concentrated tocotrienol preparation. Useful tocotrienols are natural products isolated, for example, from wheat germ oil, cereal oil, or palm oil using high performance liquid chromatography, or isolated by alcohol extraction and/or molecular distillation at from barley, spent grains or oats. As used herein, the term "tocotrienols" includes tocotrienol-rich fractions obtained from these natural products as well as pure compounds. The increased activity of glutathione peroxidase protects the skin against oxidative damage.

In addition, carotenoids, particularly of the xanthophyll type, are also useful antioxidants that can be used. Xanthophyll-like carotenoids include molecules such as lutein, canthaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, and astaxanthin. Xanthophylls protect compounds, such as vitamin A, vitamin E, and other carotenoids.

Flavonoids

The active agent for the skin can be an antioxidant chosen from the group of flavonoids. In some cases, the flavonoid is a flavanone (derived from 2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one). Flavones include: butin, eriodictyol, hesperetin, hesperidin, homoeriodictyol, isosakuranetin, naringenin, naringin, pinocembrin, poncirin, sakuranetin, sakuranine, and sterubin. The flavonoid may be a flavanonol (derived from 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one). Flavanols include: taxifolin, aromadrin, chrysandroside A, chrysandroside B, xeractinol, astilbine, and fustin. The flavonoid may be a flavone (derived from 2-phenylchromen-4-one). Flavones include: apigenin, luteolin, tangeritin, chrysin, baicalein, scutellarein, wogonin, synthetic flavones: diosmin, and flavoxate. The flavonoid may be a flavonol (derived from 3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one). Flavonols include: 3-Hydroxyflavone, azaleatin, fisetin, galangin, gossypetin, kaempferide, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, morin, myricetin, natsudaidaine, pachypodol, quercetin, rhamnazine, rhamnetin, azalein, hyperoside, isoquercitin, kaempferitrin, myricitrin, quercitrin, rob, rutin, spiraeoside, xanthorhamnine, amurensin, icariin, and troxerutin. The flavonoid may be a flavan-3-ol (derived from 2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-ol). Flavan-3-ols include: Catechin, Epicatechin, Epigallocatechin, Epicatechin Gallate, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Epiafzelechin, Fisetinidol, Guibourtinidol, Mesquitol, and Robinetinidol. The flavonoid may be flavan-4-ol (derived from 2-phenylchroman-4-ol). Flavan-4-ols include: apiforol and luteoforol. The flavonoid may be an isoflavone (derived from 3-phenylchromen-4-one). Isoflavones include: genistein, daidzein, biochanin A, formononetin, and the metabolite equol from daidzein.

The antioxidant can be an anthocyanidin (derived from 2-phenylchromenylium cation). Anthocyanidins include: aurantinidin, cyanidin, delphinidin, europinidin, luteolinidin, pelargonidin, malvidin, peonidin, petunidin, rosinidin, and xanthone.

The antioxidant can be a dihydrochalcone (derived from 1,3-diphenyl-1-propanone). Dihydrochalcones include: phloretin, dihydrochalcone phloretin phlorizin, aspalathin, naringin dihydrochalcone, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, and nothofagin. Without limiting the mode of action of the invention, dihydrochalcones can exert an antioxidant effect by reducing reactive free radicals, such as reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species.

The antioxidant may be an anthocyanin. Anthocyanins and their derivatives are antioxidants. Anthocyanins encompass a class of flavonoid compounds that are naturally occurring water-soluble compounds responsible for the red, purple, and blue colors of many fruits, vegetables, grains, and flowers. In addition, anthocyanins are collagenase inhibitors. Inhibiting collagenase helps prevent and reduce wrinkles, increase skin elasticity, etc., which are caused by a reduction in skin collagen. Anthocyanins can be obtained from any portion of various plant sources, such as fruits, flowers, stems, leaves, roots, barks, or seeds. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that certain portions of the plant may contain naturally higher levels of anthocyanins, and, therefore, these portions are used to obtain the desired anthocyanins. In some cases, the antioxidants may include one or more betacyanins. Betacyanins, like anthocyanins, can be obtained from natural sources and are antioxidants.

The antioxidant can be a phenylpropanoid (cinnamic acid derivatives). Phenylpropanoids include: cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, trans-ferulic acid (including its antioxidant pharmacore 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenome), 5-hydroxyferulic acid, sinapic acid, coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, eugenol, chavicol, safrole, p-coumaric acid, and sinapinic acid. Without limiting the mode of action of the invention, phenylpropanoids can neutralize free radicals.

The antioxidant can be a chalcone (derived from 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one). Chalcones include: butein, okanine, carthamine, marein, sophoradine, xanthohumol, flavokvain A, flavokavain B, flavokavin C, and synthetic safalcone.

The antioxidant may be a curcuminoid. Curcuminoids include: curcumin, desmethoxycurcumin, bis-desmethoxycurcumin, tetrahydrocurcumin, and tetrahydrocurcuminoids. Curcumin and tetrahydrocurcuminoids can be derived from Curcuma longa rhizomes. Tetrahydrocurcumin, a metabolite of curcumin, has been found to be a more potent and stable antioxidant compared to curcumin.

The antioxidant may be a tannin. Tannins include: tannin, terflavin B, glucogallin, D-gallic acid, and quercitannic acid.

The antioxidant may be a stilbenoid. Stilbenoids include: resveratrol, pterostilbene, and piceatannol. Resveratrol may include, but is not limited to, 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, 3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxystilbene (piceatannol), 2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene (oxyresveratrol), 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene, and alpha and beta glucoside, galactoside and their mannoside derivatives.

The antioxidant may be a coumarin (derived from 2H-chromen-2-one). Coumarins include: 4-hydroxycoumarin, umbelliferone, aesculetin, herniarin, aurapten, and dicoumarol.

The antioxidant may be a carotenoid. Carotenoids include: Beta-Carotene, Alpha-Carotene, Gamma-Carotene, Beta-Cryptoxanthin, Lycopene, Lutein, and Idebenone. Sesame (Sesamum indicum) or sesame lignan can also be added. Sesame and its lignans (fibrous compounds associated with sesame) act as antioxidants. Sesame seed lignans significantly enhance the activity of vitamin E.

The antioxidant can be: a xanthone, butylated hydroxytoluene, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, gallic acid, eugenol, uric acid, alpha-Lipoic acid, Ellagic acid, chicoric acid, chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, salicylic acid, acetylcysteine, S-allyl cysteine, barbigerone, chebulagic acid, edaravone, ethoxyquin, glutathione, hydroxytyrosol, idebenone, melatonin, N-acetylserotonin, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, oleocanthal, oleocanthal, paradol, piceatannol, probucol, propyl gallate, protocatechuic acid, pyritinol, rutin, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, sesamin, sesamol, silibinin, silymarin, theaflavin, theaflavin digallate, thymoquinone, trolox, tyrosol, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and sulfur-based antioxidants such as as methionine or lipoic acid.

Optional components

In one or more embodiments, the skin tightening compositions described herein may contain one or more additional ingredients (additives and miscellaneous ingredients). Examples include, but are not limited to, surfactants, emulsifiers, thickeners (such as polysaccharide thickeners), other polymers, proteins, hydrolyzed proteins, amino acids, fragrance, pH adjusters, and preservatives. Additional details regarding such additional ingredients follow below.

The skin tightening composition according to the disclosure may comprise any additional ingredient suitable for use in skin tightening compositions. Such ingredients may include, but are not limited to, cosmetically acceptable solvents, silicone compounds, rheology modifiers such as acrylic polymers, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants or mixtures thereof, anionic, cationic, nonionic polymers , amphoteric or zwitterionic or mixtures, humectants and moisturizing agents, fatty substances other than the fatty substances claimed, emulsifying agents other than fatty substances, fillers, structuring agents, propellants, glossing agents, conditioning agents, antioxidants or reducing agents, penetrants, sequestrants, fragrances, buffers, dispersants, conditioning agents, for example volatile or non-volatile, modified or unmodified silicones, ceramides, preservatives, opacifiers, sunscreen agents, and antistatic agents. Acids, for example citric acid, can affect the pH of the system leading to loss of lift.

The skin tightening composition may also contain acidic and alkaline pH adjusters, which are well known in the art. Such pH adjusters include, but are not limited to, sodium metasilicate, silicate compounds, citric acid, ascorbic acid, and carbonate compounds.

Processes

The skin tightening compositions are particularly useful for improving the appearance of skin, especially human skin. When the skin tightening compositions are applied to the skin, they provide an immediate improvement in the appearance of the skin which is long lasting. The skin tightening compositions are particularly useful for a method of:

- reduction of the appearance of wrinkles on the skin;

- reduction of the appearance of wrinkles on the skin;

- improving skin tone and/or improving skin tone evenness;

- improvement in the softness and/or smoothness of the skin;

- reduction in the appearance of bags under the eyes;

- reduction in the appearance of dark circles around and/or under the eyes;

- reduction in the appearance of pores and/or scars; and or

- increased radiance, luminosity and/or radiance of the skin.

Typically, an effective amount of a skin tightening composition is applied to the skin to be treated, for example, facial and/or neck skin. In some cases, it may be desirable to apply the skin tightening composition to the skin around (or below) the eyes. The skin tightening compositions can be applied with the hands or can be applied using a brush, sponge, tissue paper, cotton swab, textile, or applicator (e.g., pen or other device), etc. The amount needed to achieve the desired effect can be established by the consumer.

Disclosure Embodiments

In certain embodiments, skin tightening compositions according to the present disclosure comprise or consist of:

- about 5% by weight or more, preferably about 5% by weight to about 30% by weight, more preferably about 6% by weight to about 25% by weight of one or more hydrophobic film-forming polymers comprising a copolymer of stearyl acrylates/methacrylate;

- about 0.51 to about 20% by weight, preferably about 1 to about 15% by weight, more preferably about 1 to about 10% by weight of one or more inorganic thickening agents, preferably one or more silicas optionally modified and/or one or more optionally modified clays, in particular hydrophobic silica aerogels (eg, silica silylate) and/or organophilic modified clays (eg, organophilically modified hectorites such as disteardimonium hectorite);

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of inorganic thickening agent is from 1:1 to 10:1, preferably 1:1 to 7:1, more preferably 1:1 at 6:1;

- about 1 to about 15% by weight, preferably about 1 to about 30% by weight, more preferably about 5 to about 25% by weight of one or more silicone elastomers, which may be emulsifying or non-emulsifying, in particular, at least one non-emulsifying silicone elastomer such as a crosslinked silicone chosen from crosslinked polymer of dimethicone, crosslinked polymer of (dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone), crosslinked polymer of (dimethicone/phenyl vinyl dimethicone), crosslinked polymer of (vinyl dimethicone/lauryl dimethicone), crosslinked polymer of (lauryl polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone/bis-vinyl dimethicone), crosslinked polymer of alkyl (C ₃₀ to C ₄₅ ) cetearyl dimethicone, crosslinked polymer of cetearyl dimethicone, and a mixture thereof; And

- about 30 to about 85% by weight, preferably about 35 to about 80% by weight, more preferably about 40 to about 75% by weight of one or more volatile hydrocarbon oils, preferably one or more hydrocarbon oils volatiles are chosen from branched C ₈ to C ₁₆ alkanes, such as, for example, isoparaffin, isohexadecane, isododecane, isodecane, undecane, tridecane, dodecane, and one of their mixtures,

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of silicone elastomer to the total amount of inorganic thickener is from 1:2 to 8:1, preferably about 1.1:1 to about 4:1, so more preferably about 1.2:1 to about 4:1, and all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

In additional embodiments, skin tightening compositions according to the present disclosure comprise or consist of:

- about 5 to about 45% by weight, preferably about 6 to about 40% by weight, more preferably about 8 to about 35% by weight, of one or more hydrophobic film-forming polymers comprising an acrylate/methacrylate copolymer stearyl;

- about 1 to about 35% by weight, preferably about 4 to about 35% by weight, more preferably about 6 to about 25% by weight, of a thickening agent selected from polyamide-8, styrene ethylene/ propylene, and cross-linked nylon-611/dimethicone polymer, VP/EICOSENE copolymer, fumed silica, hydrophobically modified silica, silica silylate, clays or a combination thereof,

wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of thickening agent is 1:2 to 10:1, preferably 1:2 to 7:1, more preferably 1:2 at 6:1;

- about 0.5 to about 20% by weight, preferably about 2 to about 11% by weight, more preferably about 2.5 to about 9% by weight of a filler, such as that selected from silica sylilate , silica, nylon-12, cellulose, cross-linked polymer of methyl methacrylate, and polymethylsilsesquioxane, and combinations thereof;

- approximately 20 to approximately 85% by weight, preferably approximately 25 to approximately 85% by weight, more preferably approximately 25 to approximately 80% by weight, of a volatile hydrocarbon, the volatile hydrocarbon being optionally chosen from isoparaffin, isohexadecane, isododecane, isodecane, undecane, tridecane, dodecane, isohexyl, isodecyl, neopentanoate, or a combination thereof, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin tightening composition.

Examples

An implementation of this disclosure is provided using the following examples. The following examples serve to elucidate aspects of the technology without being limiting in nature.

Example 1

An exemplary skin tightening composition (Exemplary Composition 1) and a comparative skin tightening composition (Comparative Composition A) were prepared in accordance with the formulations provided in Table 1. Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A to determine the sebum resistance, odor profile, gloss, transparency, haze, and skin tightening effect of such compositions.

Sebum resistance was estimated by evaluating the films formed from Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A. Specifically, using an 8 mil (200 µm) coil applicator, a sample was spread Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A on a black contrast card (BYK). The samples were allowed to dry on the substrate for a minimum of 3 hours. A drop of artificial sebum was applied and left on the films formed from each of Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A for 3 hours, then absorbed with tissue paper. The area was rubbed 15 times with a cotton swab.

The film quality was then classified as follows: "-" all the area of the film exposed to the artificial drop is removed by rubbing with a cotton swab, which is associated with zero sebum resistance; “+” more than 50% of the surface of the film exposed to the artificial drop is eliminated by rubbing with a cotton swab, which corresponds to a moderate resistance to sebum; “++” less than 50% of the area of the film exposed to the artificial drop was eliminated by rubbing with a cotton swab, corresponding to good resistance to sebum; "+++" None of the area of the film exposed to the artificial drop was removed by rubbing with a cotton swab, which is associated with strong resistance to sebum.

Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A were also rated to determine the gloss, transparency, and haze of films formed from such compositions. Specifically, films were formed from Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A using an 8 mil (200 µm) coil applicator to spread the compositions onto a clear plastic substrate. The samples of Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A were allowed to dry on the clear plastic substrate for 3 hours. A BYK Haze-Guard instrument was used to measure transparency and haze of the films of Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A. A BYK gloss meter was used to measure gloss and dullness, against a black contrast card at a 60° angle.

The skin tightening effects of Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition were evaluated by applying each of the compositions to a volunteer. A "+++" was given to compositions which conferred a significant skin tightening effect.

Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A were qualitatively assessed to determine their odor profile. The results of evaluation of the sebum resistance, odor profile, gloss, transparency, haze, and skin tightening effect of Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A are provided in Table 1, below. .

US INCI Ex. 1 Comp. AT Volatile hydrocarbon oil ISODODECANE 78.15 78.15 Silicone elastomer DIMETHICONE CROSSPOLYMER 5.78 5.78 Mineral thickening agent SILICA SILYLATE 3.86 3.86 Ratio by weight of silicone elastomer to mineral thickening agent 1.50 1.50 Hydrophobic film-forming polymer ACRYLATES/STEARYL METHACRYLATE COPOLYMER 12.21 ACRYLATES/ISOBORNYL ACRYLATE COPOLYMER 12.21 Ratio by weight of hydrophobic film-forming polymer to mineral thickening agent 3.16 3.16 TOTAL Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Transparency 95.3 95.1 Sail 95.3 94.4 Brilliant at 60 7.5 9.8 Scent + ++ In vitro sebum resistance +++ - Reduction of wrinkles and bags under the eyes +++ +++

After estimating the odor profile of Exemplary Composition 1 and Comparative Composition A, it was determined that Exemplary Composition 1 displayed a more natural odor and Comparative Composition A displayed a more chemical odor. Exemplary Composition 1 displayed a surprising amount of sebum resistance, especially given the similarity in formulation to Comparative Composition A.

Example 2

Two exemplary skin tightening compositions (Exemplary Compositions 2 and 3) and two comparative skin tightening compositions (Comparative Compositions B and C) were prepared according to the formulations provided in Table 2. Exemplary Compositions 2 were estimated and 3 and Comparative Compositions B and C for determining the sebum resistance, gloss, transparency, haze, and skin tightening effect of such compositions using evaluation techniques discussed in Example 1.

US INCI Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Comp. B Comp. VS Volatile hydrocarbon oil ISOPARAFFIN 39.59 31.67 39.59 31.67 ISODODECANE 38.56 30.84 38.56 30.84 Silicone elastomer DIMETHICONE CROSSPOLYMER 5.78 4.63 5.78 4.63 Mineral thickening agent SILICA SILYLATE 3.86 3.09 3.86 3.09 Ratio by weight of silicone elastomer to mineral thickening agent 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 Hydrophobic film-forming polymer ACRYLATES/STEARYL METHACRYLATE COPOLYMER 12.21 9.77 ACRYLATES/ISOBORNYL ACRYLATE COPOLYMER 12.21 9.77 Ratio by weight of hydrophobic film-forming polymer to mineral thickening agent 3.16 3.16 3.16 3.16 Surfactant LAURYL PEG-9 POLYDIMETHYLSILOXYETHYL DIMETHICONE 1.5 1.5 DIMETHICONE (and) PEG/PPG-18/18 DIMETHICONE 2 2 Solvent WATER 15.45 15.45 Salt MAGNESIUM SULFATE 0.25 0.25 Conservative PHENOXYETHANOL 0.5 0.5 CAPRYLYL GLYCOL 0.3 0.3 TOTAL Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Transparency 95.2 94.6 94.9 93.7 Sail 94.9 92.8 94.5 92.9 Brilliant at 60 7.9 10.2 9.5 8.9 Sebum resistance ( in vitro ) ++ +++ + - Reduction of wrinkles and bags under the eyes +++ +++ +++ +++

As seen in Table 2, Exemplary Compositions 2 and 3 exhibited better sebum resistance than Comparative Compositions B and C.

Example 3

Seven exemplary compositions (Exemplary Compositions 4-10) were prepared in accordance with aspects of the disclosure. Formulations for Exemplary Compositions 4-10 are provided below. Exemplary Compositions 4 through 10 were rated to determine the gloss, transparency, and haze of such compositions using the evaluation techniques discussed in Example 1.

US INCI Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 Ex. 7 Ex. 8 Ex. 9 Ex. 10 Ex. 11 Volatile hydrocarbon oil ISOPARAFFIN 2.26 24.08 ISODODECANE 57.22 53.21 59.07 76.15 60.51 80.00 76.60 55.51 Silicone elastomer DIMETHICONE CROSSPOLYMER 5.78 9.00 6.19 5.78 4.63 6.25 14.40 4.63 Mineral thickening agent SILICA SILYLATE 3.86 1.5 3.86 3.86 3.09 1.25 1.8 3.09 Ratio by weight of silicone elastomer to mineral thickening agent 1.50 6.00 1.60 1.50 1.50 5.00 8.00 1.50 Hydrophobic film-forming polymer ACRYLATES/STEARYL METHACRYLATE COPOLYMER 30.88 12.21 30.88 12.21 9.77 12.50 7.20 9.77 Ratio by weight of hydrophobic film-forming polymer to mineral thickening agent 8.00 8.14 8.00 3.16 3.16 10.00 4.00 3.16 Surfactants LAURYL PEG-9 POLYDIMETHYLSILOXYETHYL DIMETHICONE 1.5 1.5 DIMETHICONE (and) PEG/PPG-18/18 DIMETHICONE 2 2 dispersing agent POLYHYDROXYSTEARIC ACID 2 2 2 Solvent WATER 15.45 15.45 Salt MAGNESIUM SULFATE 0.25 0.25 Conservative PHENOXYETHANOL 0.5 0.5 CAPRYLYL GLYCOL 0.3 0.3 Pigments ALUMINA (and) IRON OXIDES (and) TITANIUM DIOXIDE (and) TRIETHOXYCAPRYLYLSILANE (and) SILICA DIMETHYL SILYLATE (and) TALC (and) POLYHYDROXYSTEARIC ACID 5 TOTAL Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Transparency 96.1 95.3 93.5 94.9 94.2 94.5 94.9 34.3 Sail 96.8 94.8 96.9 95.2 94.4 94.5 94.4 99.8 Brilliant at 60 6.2 7.8 4.9 7.5 8.5 8.7 7.9 1.8

Example 4

Five exemplary compositions (Exemplary Compositions 12-15) were prepared in accordance with aspects of the disclosure. The formulations of Exemplary Compositions 12-15 are provided below. Exemplary Compositions 12 through 15 were rated to determine the gloss, transparency, and haze of such compositions using the evaluation techniques discussed in Example 1.

US INCI Ex. 12 Ex. 13 Ex. 14 Ex. 15 Volatile hydrocarbon solvents ISODODECANE 63.75 40.97 38.3 40.97 ISOPARAFFIN 37.15 33.58 37.15 Optical fillers SILICA SILYLATE 3.13 3.13 NYLON-12 3.13 POLYMETHYLSILSESQUIOXANE 15 Organic thickeners DIMETHICONE CROSSPOLYMER 6.25 6.25 POLYAMIDE-8 12.5 HYDROGENATED STYRENE/ISOPRENE COPOLYMER 6.25 Film-forming polymer ACRYLATES/STEARYL METHACRYLATE COPOLYMER 15 12.5 12.5 12.5 Weight ratio of film-forming polymer to organic thickener 2.4 2 1 2 TOTAL Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Q.S. at 100 Transparency 94.8 91.0 95.9 92.9 Sail 98.9 95.5 94.6 83.9 Gloss at 60° 3.7 5.5 14.3 7.9

The foregoing description illustrates and describes the disclosure. Further, the disclosure only shows and describes the preferred embodiments but, as mentioned above, it is to be understood that it is capable of being used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and may be modified or changed. within the scope of the concepts of the invention as expressed herein, to the extent of the above teachings and/or skill or knowledge of the relevant art. The embodiments described above are further intended to explain the best modes known to the applicant and to enable others skilled in the art to use the disclosure of such or other embodiments and with the various modifications required. by their particular applications or uses. Accordingly, the description is not intended to limit the invention to the form disclosed herein. Also, it is understood that the appended claims are construed to include alternative embodiments.

The term "INCI" is an abbreviation of International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients, which is a system of names provided by the International Nomenclature Committee of the Personal Care Products Council to describe personal care ingredients.

As used herein, all ranges provided are understood to include each specific range within the given ranges, and a combination of subranges between them. Thus, a range of 1 to 5, specifically includes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, as well as subranges such as 2 to 5, 3 to 5, 2 to 3, 2 to 4, 1 to 4, etc. .

All components and elements positively presented in the present disclosure can be negatively excluded from the claims. In other words, the skin tightening compositions of this disclosure may be free or substantially free of all of the components and elements positively cited throughout this disclosure.

Some of the various component categories identified may overlap. In such cases where an overlap may exist and the composition includes both components (or the composition includes more than two overlapping components), an overlapping compound does not represent more than one component. For example, a fatty acid can be characterized as both a nonionic surfactant and a fatty compound. If a particular composition includes both a nonionic surfactant and a fatty compound, a single fatty acid will serve only as the nonionic surfactant or only as the fatty compound (the single fatty acid does not serve as both the nonionic surfactant and the fatty compound). bold).

All publications and patent applications cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference, and for all intents and purposes, as if each individual publication or patent application were specifically and individually indicated as being incorporated by reference. In the event of any inconsistency between this disclosure and any publication or patent application incorporated herein by reference, this disclosure prevails.

As used herein, the terms "comprising", "having", and "including" are used in their broad, non-limiting sense.

The terms “un”, “une”, “le” and “la”, are understood to include the plural as well as the singular. Thus, the expression "a mixture thereof" also relates to "mixtures thereof". Throughout the disclosure, the phrase "a mixture thereof" is used, following a list of items as shown in the following example where the letters A through F represent the items: "one or more than one member selected from the group consisting of A, B, C, D, E, F, and a mixture thereof”. The term "a mixture of them" does not require that the mixture include all of A, B, C, D, E, and F (although all of A, B, C, D, E, and F may be included). Rather, it indicates that a mixture of any two or more of A, B, C, D, E, and F may be included. In other words, it is equivalent to the phrase "one or more items selected from the group consisting of A, B, C, D, E, F, and a mixture of any two or more of A, B, C, D, E, and F”.

The term “one or more” means “at least one” and thus includes individual components as well as mixtures/combinations.

Other than in the working examples, or unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients and/or reaction conditions may in all cases be modified by the term "approximately", meaning to within +/- 5% the number indicated.

The term "treating" (and its grammatical variations) as used herein refers to the application of the compositions of the present disclosure to the surface of keratinous substrates such as the skin, in particular the skin of the head, face and skin. the neck.

The term "substantially free" or "essentially free" as used herein means that there is less than about 2% by weight of a specific material added to a composition, based on the total weight of the compositions. However, the compositions may include less than about 1 wt%, less than about 0.5 wt%, less than about 0.1 wt%, or none of the specified material. All components shown herein may be optionally included or excluded from the compositions/methods/kits. When excluded, the compositions/methods/kits may be free or substantially free of alkoxylated compounds, e.g., ethoxylated thickeners and/or ethoxylated surfactants. Also, a particular composition may be free or substantially free of sulfates, such as sulfate surfactants.

Claims (9)

A skin tightening composition comprising:
- about 5 to about 45% by weight or more of one or more hydrophobic film-forming polymers comprising a copolymer of acrylates/stearyl methacrylate;
- about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of a mineral thickening agent,
wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of inorganic thickening agent is from 1:1 to 10:1;
- About 1 to about 15% by weight of a silicone elastomer; And
- about 30 to about 85% by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon oil,
wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of silicone elastomer to the total amount of inorganic thickener is from 1:2 to 8:1, and all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition of skin tightening. A skin tightening composition according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic thickening agent is selected from silica silylate, fumed silica, zeolite, natural clay, synthetic clay, kaolin, hectorite, organically modified hectorite, pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate (and) disteardimonium hectorite (and) propylene carbonate, an activated clay, disteardimonium hectorite, stearalkonium hectorite, quaternium-18 bentonite, quaternium-18 hectorite, benzalkonium bentonite, and a mixture thereof. A skin tightening composition according to claim 1, wherein the silicone elastomer is selected from non-emulsifying silicone elastomers, emulsifying silicone elastomers, and a mixture thereof. A skin tightening composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the total amount of silicone elastomer to the total amount of mineral thickening agent is from 1:1 to 7:1. A skin tightening composition according to claim 1, wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of hydrophobic film-forming polymers to the total amount of mineral thickening agent is from 1:1 to 8:1. A skin tightening composition according to claim 1, further comprising:
- about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of a non-volatile fatty compound, in which the one or more non-volatile fatty compounds are chosen from polyolefins (petrolatum), waxes, squalane, squalene, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, polybutene, mineral oil, pentahydrosqualene, dimethicone, and a mixture thereof. A skin tightening composition according to claim 1, further comprising:
- about 0.01 to about 20% by weight of an inorganic pigment, in which the inorganic pigment is chosen from titanium dioxide, mica, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, alumina, hydroxide aluminum, chromium oxide, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate, ferric blue, aluminum powder, copper powder, silver powder, gold powder, barium sulfate, carbon black, and one of their mixtures. A skin tightening composition according to claim 1, further comprising:
- about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of soft focus powder, wherein the soft focus powder is selected from talc, mica, cellulose, nylon-12, titanated mica, alumina, aluminum silicate, silica which can whether coated or not, fumed silica, polyamide, cross-linked methyl methacrylate polymer, poly((methyl meth)acrylate), polyethylene powder, polymethylsilsesquioxane powder, nylon-12 fluorescent lightening salt (and) cross-linked poly((meth)acrylate) vinyl alcohol), and a mixture thereof. A method of improving the appearance of the skin comprising applying a skin tightening composition of claim 1 to the skin.