FR3044886A1 - COLLECTIVE LETTERBOX SYSTEM AND CORRESPONDING MANAGEMENT METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a collective system of mailboxes (2), and possibly of boxes (3), comprising a central interface (6) man-machine comprising a processing unit (8), a means (9) ) for reading, input or recognition and means (10) for selective centralized unblocking, under control of said unit (8). System (1) characterized in that the centralized unlocking means (10) is adapted and intended to deliver, following a positive identification at the processing unit (8), an unlocking authorization signal at (x ) locking means (4 ") of the mailboxes (2) of the system (1), and in that each mailbox (2) is associated with means (11) for detecting a selection individual effective of the specific box (2) considered by the operator or the user, the unlocking of the door of a mailbox or parcel (2, 3) determined intervening only when the latter was the object of an unlocking authorization and an effective individual selection.

Description

DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to the field of equipment of buildings and apartment buildings, housing, business or services, especially the collective facilities of mailboxes and parcel boxes, and relates to a collective system of mailboxes , possibly comprising parcel boxes, and a management method, particularly in the context of distribution (depot) or withdrawal operations, of such a system.

Different constructions of collective systems of the aforementioned type are already known and implemented.

Two main types of stakeholders can be identified that are likely to interact with such a system, each type in relation to a particular type of operation, namely: - on the one hand, the operators or distributor agents making deposits of folds or parcels and having access, potentially, depending on the circumstances to all boxes of a collective system, and - on the other hand, users (residing or working in the building or the building in question) making withdrawals folds or parcels in several boxes that are assigned to him permanently (during the duration of his residence status for example) or temporary.

To allow both collective and individual access to respond to the requests of the two types of stakeholders mentioned above, a first known solution is to provide a pivoting frame comprising the dormant frames of the doors of all boxes of the collective set and thus forming a collective and individual closure facade for the different cells of said boxes (see for example FR 2 946 513).

Another known solution is to provide a double mechanism for locking / unlocking the doors of the boxes, namely a centralized opening control mechanism of all the boxes or some boxes. Nevertheless, the existing systems in connection with this second solution comprise complex mechanical constructions, which necessarily require the execution of a door opening movement and do not allow any differentiated treatment between the mailboxes and the parcel boxes. nor an easy adaptation to different deposit and withdrawal processes.

The present invention is intended to overcome at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks. For this purpose it relates to a mailbox device comprising in particular: - a set of individual mailboxes, and possibly at least one package box, each having respectively a cell closed by a door provided with a locking means and an electronic name tag with a display screen, each mailbox being assigned to at least one owner, - a human-machine central interface comprising, in addition to display and control means, a processing unit associated or functionally connected, on the one hand, to a reading, input or recognition means for identifying an operator, such as a distributor agent, or a user and on the other hand, to a centralized selective unlocking means, under the control of said unit, means for locking the mailboxes, and if necessary of said at least one parcel box, characterized in that the means of d centralized locking is adapted and intended to deliver, following a positive identification at the level of the processing unit, an unlocking authorization signal to the locking means (s) of one, some or all of the mailbox (es) of the system, and possibly of the said at least one parcel box, and, in that each mailbox, and if necessary to the or each parcel box, is associated a means of detection of an effective individual selection of the specific box considered by the operator or the user, forming part of the system and possibly common to all the boxes unlocking the door of a mailbox or specific package, and its possible automatic opening occurring only when the latter has successively been the subject of an unlocking authorization issued by the central interface and an effective individual selection by the operator or the user. The invention will be better understood, thanks to the following description, which relates to a preferred embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, and explained with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings, in which: FIG. a schematic representation in front elevation of a collective system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a block diagram of the system shown in Figure 1; FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C are perspective views respectively of a mailbox, a parcel box and a thermoregulated locker forming part of a system according to the invention, for example as represented in FIG. 2 and 3; Figure 4A is a front elevational view of a name tag forming part of a box of a system according to the invention; Figure 4B is an exploded perspective view of the name tag shown in Figure 4A; FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the different scenarios for depositing at least one fold or package by an operator in a box forming part of a collective system according to the invention (in this figure: BAC = box for parcels / BAL = Letter box) ; FIGS. 6A and 6B are flowcharts illustrating two scenarios for withdrawal by a user of at least one ph or package present in a box of a collective system according to the invention, and FIGS. 7A and 7B are sectional views. in a plane perpendicular to the door planes of the boxes shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a means for locking a door of a box forming part of the collective system according to the invention, respectively in the state closed and locked the door (possibly after receiving an unlock authorization signal, but before the box is actually selected) and when the door is unlocked (after its effective selection, but before its automatic or manual opening ).

Figures 1 and 2 schematically illustrate, on the one hand constructively and on the other hand functionally, an embodiment of a collective system 1 mailboxes including: - a set of mailboxes 2 individual, and possibly to at least one parcel box 3, each having respectively a cell 4.5 closed by a door 4 ', 5' provided with a locking means 4 ", 5" and an electronic name holder 4 '", 5' "with a display screen 4" ", 5" ", each mailbox 2 being assigned to at least one owner, - a human-machine central interface 6 having, in addition to means 7, 7 'display and control, a processing unit 8 associated or functionally connected, on the one hand, to a means 9 for reading, input or recognition for the identification of an operator, such as a distributor agent, or a user and secondly, a means 10 of centralized selective unlocking, under the control of the adite unit 8, locking means 4 "mailboxes 2, and where appropriate of said at least one package box 3.

According to the invention, the centralized unlocking means 10 (possibly integrated with the unit 8) is adapted and intended to deliver, following a positive identification at the level of the processing unit 8, an unlocking authorization signal. the locking means (s) 4 "of one, some or all of the mailbox (es) 2 of the system 1, and possibly that of said at least one parcel box 3.

In addition, each mailbox 2, and where appropriate to the or each parcel box 3, is associated with means 11, 11 'for detecting an effective individual selection of the specific box 2 or 3 considered by the user. operator or user, forming part of the system 1 and possibly common to all the boxes 2, 3, the unlocking of the door 4 ', 5' of a mailbox or parcel 2, 3 determined, and its possible automatic opening occurring only when the latter has successively been the subject of an unlocking authorization issued by the central interface 6 and an effective individual selection by the operator or the user.

Thus a plurality of boxes 2, 3 forming part of the same collective assembly can be simultaneously put in a state predisposing them to an easier opening, without particular means or complex maneuver (of the key type, code, manual actuation of lock), on simple recognition of their particular individual selection by the operator or the authorized user, with possibly even a possible automatic movement opening the door 4 ', 5' concerned.

In practice, each box 2, 3 may for example be equipped with a locking means 4 ", 5" controllable by the centralized unlocking means 10 associated or integrated with the unit 8 and capable of having an unlocked state but with maintaining the door 4 ', 5' considered in the closed state until confirmation of the opening by an effective selection of the box 2, 3 referred to.

In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, and as shown by way of example in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the means 11 for detecting an individual selection consists of a means, specific to each box 2, 3 , detection and evaluation of the immediate proximity or contact, with or without pressure, of an operator or user at the door 4 ', 5' or the name tag 4 '", 5'" each box 2, 3, by noting the presence in a given zone or the modification of a physical parameter such as an electrical state, a position, a pressure or the like.

In an advantageous practical embodiment, each own detection means 11 is integrated in the name holder 4 '", 5'" of the box 2, 3 considered, for example as a touch display screen, switch mechanical, push button or capacitive touch.

In another advantageous practical embodiment, each own detection means 11 consists of a switch or switch associated with the door 4 ', 5' of the box 2.3 in question, said detection means 11 being sensitive to a pressure exerted on said door 4 ', 5', the latter being possibly mounted or arranged to allow limited displacement under pressure.

In accordance with a second embodiment of the invention, and as shown by way of example in FIG. 1, the detection means 11 'consists of a global and common means of detecting and evaluating the position or the movement of a finger, hand or arm of the operator or of the identified and authorized user, implementing a virtual detection device, for example by establishing a mesh or a scan by radiation in a plane parallel and substantially flush with the facades of the boxes 2, 3 or by triangulation from images taken by cameras, possibly surveillance cameras.

The unlocking authorization signal sent by the centralized unlocking means, to one, some or all of the boxes 2 (and possibly 3), thus puts the locking means 4 ", 5" (for example of the electric lock type or the like ) or the box (es) 2, 3 concemed in a blocking activation or unlocking state, such that a subsequent effective selection signal provided by an individual switch 11 or a global means 11 analogous and delivered to the locking means of the box 2, 3 selected, effectively unlocks the door 4 ', 5' of this box 2, 3 (passage of Figure 7 A in Figure 7B). Such an electric lock 4 ", 5" may, for example, comprise a control box 17 connected to the central unlocking means 10 by a communication bus and / or supply (Figure 2) and able to move for example a lock multipoint 17 'secured to the casing of the cell 4, 5 to engage in or disengage a multifrut strike 17 "integral with the door 4', 5 '(Figures 7A and 7B) of the box 2, 3. The physical opening of the door 4 ', 5' unlocked can optionally be performed automatically by a pusher 14 or an equivalent actuator, elastic or electrical.

The effective selection detection means 11, 11 'may comprise, for example: a mesh or an infrared scanning system or a touch screen (locating the breaking of the beams x, y by the operator or the user) a set of cameras 11 '(for example surveillance) and exploitation of the captured images to determine a position (for example of a finger), - command and voice recognition means, - electrical conduction detection means or capacity variation, - pressure or displacement sensors.

In particular, the name tag 4 '', 5 '"of each box 2, 3 may comprise a switch 16 associated with or comprising one of the preceding means, in the form of a mechanical switch, a separate pushbutton , or a capacitive key or an optical sensor, separate or integrated in the screen 4 "", 5 "" touch of the electronic name tag.

The latter may, for example, consist, in addition to its screen 4 "", 5 "" and a button 16 which can form a means of detection 11 (and possibly doorbell), a card 15, a support body 15 and a transparent protective shell 15 ", as shown in FIG. 4B.

Depending on the box 2 or 3 of which it is a part and the functionalities assigned to it, each name tag 4 '", 5'" may: - allow the display of the names of the residents (owner or user), - allow the display of the temperature of the place where the system 1 is installed, - allow the display of the temperature inside the box 3, - allow the display of the humidity inside the box 3, - to allow the display of the time of the passage of the distributor agent, - to allow the display of the time of the withdrawal of the preceding user, - to allow the function "Pub, no thanks", - to allow to replace the bell of the apartment, - to display the presence of a package to be recovered by the identified operator.

Each name-holder 4 '", 5'" may also comprise means of luminous signaling of its state of occupation and / or of its locked / unlocked state.

According to another characteristic of the invention, each box 2, 3 can be equipped with a means of detecting the presence of an object in its interior volume and a means of indicating its occupation status, the activation of said detection and signaling means being preferably effective only after issuing an unlocking authorization for the box 2, 3 considered, the state of occupation of each box 2, 3 can also possibly be reported at the level of the means of display 7 of the central interface 6, the central unit 8 of the latter optionally inhibiting any unlocking authorization for the box or boxes 2, 3 occupied.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3C of the appended drawings, it may be provided that the system 1 comprises at least one package box 3 in the form of a thermally-regulated reception and storage box 12, comprising a thermally insulated enclosure and a door and means for measuring and managing the internal temperature, and where appropriate the hygrometry, associated with means of cooling and / or heating, and possibly ventilation of the internal volume of its cell 5, the state of said box 12 being advantageously displayed on its name-holder 5 '"and / or on the display means 7 of the central interface 6.

In case of deposit of a package in the temperature controlled rack 12, preferably by means without gaseous fluid (Peltier, magnetic cold), the central interface 6 and / or the name holder 5 "'of said rack 12 allows (tent) setting the temperature of this rack.

The system 1 may also include at least one package box 3 in the form of a box 13 for collecting specific waste, accessible without inspection for a deposit, and possibly compartmentalized.

In order to facilitate the manipulations to be carried out by the operator, particularly during a large number distribution, it may be provided that each box 2, 3 comprises a means 14 for automatically moving its door 4 ', 5' in the position of maximum opening, after unlocking and virtual or physical selection of said door 4 ', 5', said means 14 possibly also being able to maintain the open position of this door 4 ', 5', for example by elastic action, pneumatic, electric or the like.

Although not shown, each box 2, 3 advantageously also comprises a sensor for detecting opening and / or closing of its respective door 4 ', 5', advantageously connected and / or integrated with the locking means 4 ", 5" respective, which are connected with the name-holders 4 '", 5'" associated with the central interface 6.

In terms of equipment and functionalities possible at the central interface 6, the following additional means known to those skilled in the art may possibly be present: wireless local communication means of the WIFI type, Bluetooth (registered trademark) or NFC, for connection with a mobile phone or tablet for example, - RFID card reader, NFC reader, barcode reader, for the authentication of the distributor and / or the identification of the recipient of a package , - means for storing the system control software, interactive menus for the various processes and scenarios, lists of agents, residents, subscribers or others, - means of connection to an Internet portal for remote management name tags 4 '", 5'", sending notifications of receipt of parcels or folds to the user (email or SMS), management of rights of access to boxes 2, 3 of system 1, the allocation of proxies temp Oral or permanent, - means of communication with a local device of intercom or videophone. Another subject of the invention, as partially illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6A and 6B, is a method of managing the operation of a collective mailbox system including: a set of individual mailboxes 2, and optionally at least one parcel box 3, each having a cell 4, 5 closed by a door 4 ', 5' provided with a locking means 4 ", 5" and an electronic name holder 4 '", 5 with a display screen 4 "", 5 "", each mailbox 2 being assigned to at least one owner, - a human-machine central interface 6 comprising, in addition to display means 7 and control 7 a processing unit 8 associated or functionally connected to a reading, input or recognition means 9 for the identification of an operator, such as a distributor agent, or a user and, on the other hand, a means 10 for selective unlocking, under control of said unit 8, able to act cen channelized on the means 4 "individual locking mailboxes 2, and optionally of said at least one package box 3, said method being advantageously implemented by a system 1 as described above.

According to the invention, this method consists, during each deposition operation at the level of at least one mailbox 2, to perform the following steps in order to open the door 4 'of at least one of said mailboxes 2: - identification of the operator or the user by the processing unit 8 of the central interface 6, - sending by the central interface 6 of an unlocking authorization signal to ( x) locking means 4 "of one, more or all the mailboxes 2 according to the authorization of the identified person, and possibly the occupation status of the boxes 2 concerned, - detecting, by means of an individual or global detection means 11, 11 ', the actual selection of a specific mailbox 2 by the operator or the user whose identification has generated the transmission of authorization to unlock, - to unlock, and possibly to open automa Typically, the door 4 'of the mailbox 2 actually selected if its locking means 4 "has previously received the authorization to unlock.

As already indicated above, access to mailboxes 2 for a depot is primarily dependent on the quality of the person (operator, user) and the rights attached to it in relation to the system 1.

Thus, an agent of an approved mail distribution organization, a distributor agent of a private distribution service or a user have a specific authorization, possibly temporary and / or in connection with his function, do not have the same prerogatives and the unlocking authorization signal issued after identification at the interface 6 will not present the same scope of application in terms of the number of mailboxes 2 switched to a state of unlocking and potential opening after selection specific by individual local designation.

The process of depositing an object or article in a parcel box 3 may possibly be based on the same steps as those described above for the deposition in a mailbox 2. Nevertheless, in accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the invention, also apparent from Figure 5, the method according to the invention may consist, during each deposition operation at a package box 3, to perform the following steps for the opening of at least one package box door 3 '3: - identification of the operator or the user by the processing unit 8 of the central interface 6, - launching of a routine or process of deposit of parcels by the processing unit 8, - selection by the operator or the user of the recipient of a package to be deposited among the users assigned to the set of mailboxes 2 and 3, at the central interface 6, - selection by the operator or the user in the central interface 6 and automatic opening of the door 5 'of a package box 3 available of the selected format or effective selection by the operator or the user of a package box format 3 at the central interface 6 a suitable parcel box 3 via the means of detecting 11, 11 'individual or global and automatic opening of the door 5' of the selected box 3 in case of availability of the latter, - possible display of the name of the recipient of the package on the name tag 5 "'of the door 5' and signaling the presence of a package at said name tag.

The selection of one of the two sub-variants of the selection and opening step may for example depend on the quality and the authorizations of the operator or the identified user.

For the scenarios of withdrawal of an object, fold, article or package in any one or more boxes 2, 3, different variants can also be envisaged.

According to a first variant, and as shown in FIG. 6A, the method may consist, for the purpose of removing at least one object, fold or package from a mailbox 2 and to a package 3 by a user, to perform the following operations to open the door (s) 4 ', 5' concerned: - identification of the user authorized by the processing unit 8 of the central interface 6 and sending a signal d forced opening to the 2,3 box (s) concerned, - automatic opening of the door (s) 4 ', 5' of the mailbox (es) 2 affected (s) to the identified user and / or the box (es) 3 package (s) allocated temporarily to the user as a recipient of one or more packages.

According to a second variant, emerging from FIG. 6B and possibly coexisting with the aforementioned first variant represented in FIG. 6A, the method may consist, for the purpose of removing at least one object, fold or package from a mailbox 2 and or to package 3 by a user, to perform the following operations to open the door (s) 4 ', 5' concemée (s): - identification of the user authorized by the unit of processing 8 of the central interface 6, - sending via the central interface 6 an unlocking authorization signal to the locking means (s) 4 ", 5" of one or more boxes 2, 3 based on the results of the identification of the user, - effective selection by the user of the mailbox (es) 2 which is / are assigned to him / her and / or the box (s) ( (s) to parcel 3 which is (are) temporarily allocated to him as the addressee of one or more parcels.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the closing by the user or by the operator of the single or the last door 4 ', 5' opened automatically or by selective detection puts an end to the operation of filing or withdrawal in progress.

Alternatively, or in a complementary manner, it can be provided that a current deposition or withdrawal operation is terminated or interrupted either by disconnection of the user or the operator at the central unit 6, or after a time delay after verifying the closure of all the doors 4 ', 5' of the mailboxes 2 and the parcels 3.

Preferably, the identification of the operator or the user is carried out by the central unit 8 by evaluation of the information provided by the reading, input or recognition means 9, possibly supplemented by additional information coming from the means of communication. control 7 'of the central interface 6 and / or data transmitted by a remote link connecting the system 1 to a remote control center.

Regarding the detection of the effective selection of a box 2, 3, it may advantageously, in particular with respect to the system 1 described above: - either be carried out by detection of a contact, with or without pressure, of the operator or the user at the level of the door 4 'or the name holder 4' "of the target box 2,3, - or consist of a detection of the effective selection of a box 2, 3 consists of in a virtual or non-contact detection, for example by positioning a finger near the name holder 4 '", 5'", by interrupting a scanning plane or by performing a triangulation provided by a means 11 'overall and common to the various boxes 2, 3, - or possibly combine the two aforementioned modes.

In the context of a preferred, but not limiting, application of the invention, the operator or distributor agent activates the access (unlocking authorization) to all the mailboxes 2 of the set of boxes 2 and 3 (opening total), grouped in structural unit (FIG. 1), either automatically by virtue of its identification / authentication or by an additional operation at the central interface 6 after its identification / authentication. The user, owner of a mailbox 2, activates (authorization unlocking), meanwhile, access to his personal mailbox 2, or automatically because of his identification at the interface 6, or following an additional operation at this interface.

During the identification / authentication phase, the display means 7 of the interface 6 can serve as informative screen for the agent / user and control / control terminal to check the state of the box or boxes (s) 2, 3, or launch a specific menu for depositing a package in a box 3 adapted and unoccupied.

Of course, the boxes 3, in combination with the interface 6, can also be used, where appropriate, for the deposit of a package by a resident user with a view to its withdrawal for shipment by the usual distributor agent or a specific agent authorized, according to a process to be determined.

The unlocking and thus the effective opening of a box 2, 3 are advantageously triggered by support or contact on a switch 11 associated or integrated name holder 4 '"or 5'" of the box 2 or 3 concerned (agent or user physically placed in front of box 2, 3). Other functionalities possibly related to each name-holder 4 '"or 5'", and depending on the nature of the box 2, 3, can be activated by repeated or prolonged contact or pressure on the switch 11 own concerned.

The display means 7 of the interface 6 and / or the screens 4 "" or 5 "" of the name cards 4 '"or 5'" may furthermore serve as means (s) of communication for messages to the agent or the user, in addition to any light signaling means (eg colored LEDs).

Of course, the invention is not limited to embodiments described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are possible, particularly from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (19)

CLAIMS 1) Collective system of mailbox including: - a set of individual mailboxes (2), and possibly at least one package box (3), each having respectively a cell (4,5) closed by a door (4 ', 5') provided with a locking means (4 ", 5") and an electronic name-holder (4 '", 5'") with a display screen (4 "", 5 ") ""), each mailbox (2) being assigned to at least one owner, - a human-machine central interface comprising, in addition to means (7, 7 ') for display and control, a processing unit (8 ) associated or functionally connected, on the one hand, to a means (9) for reading, input or recognition for the identification of an operator, such as a distributor agent, or a user and another on the other hand, means (4) for locking the mailboxes (2), said at least one parcel box (3), system (1) characterized in that the means (10) for centralized unlocking is adapted and intended to deliver, following a positive identification at the level of the processing unit (8) , an unlocking authorization signal to the locking means (4 ") of one, some or all of the letterboxes (2) of the system (1), and possibly said at least one parcel box (3), and in that each mailbox (2), and where appropriate to the or each parcel box (3), is associated with a means (11, 11 ') for detecting an effective individual selection of the specific box (2 or 3) considered by the operator or the user, forming part of the system (1) and possibly common to all the boxes (2, 3) , the unlocking of the door (4 ', 5') of a mailbox or parcel (2, 3) determined, and its possible automatic opening, intervening only when this It has been successively subject to an unlocking authorization issued by the central interface (6) and an effective individual selection by the operator or the user. 2) System according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (11) for detecting an individual selection consists of a means, specific to each box (2, 3), for detecting and evaluating the immediate proximity or a contact, with or without pressure, of an operator or user at the level of the door (4 ', 5') or the name tag (4 '", 5'") of each box (2, 3) by detecting the presence in a given area or the modification of a physical parameter such as an electrical state, a position, a pressure or the like. 3) System according to claim 2, characterized in that each own detection means (11) is integrated in the name holder (4 '", 5'") of the box (2, 3) considered, for example as a touch screen display, mechanical switch, push button or capacitive button. 4) System according to claim 2, characterized in that each own detection means (11) consists of a switch or switch associated with the door (4 ', 5') of the box (2,3) considered, said means of detecting (11) being responsive to a pressure exerted on said door (4 ', 5'), the latter being optionally mounted or arranged to allow limited displacement under pressure. 5) System according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection means (1Γ) consists of a global and common means for detecting and evaluating the position or movement of a finger, a hand or a an arm of the operator or user identified and authorized, implementing a virtual detection device, for example by establishing a mesh or a radiation scan in a parallel plane and substantially flush with respect to the facades boxes (2, 3) or by triangulation from images taken by cameras, possibly surveillance cameras. 6) System according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each box (2, 3) is equipped with a means for detecting the presence of an object in its interior volume and a means of signaling its state of occupancy, the activation of said detection and reporting means being preferentially effective only after issuing a locking authorization for the box (2, 3) considered, the state of occupation of each box (2, 3) possibly also being indicated at the display means (7) of the central interface (6), the central unit (8) of the latter possibly inhibiting any unlocking authorization for the or the boxes (2, 3) occupied. 7) System according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least one package box (3) in the form of receiving and thermoregulated storage rack (12), comprising a chamber and a door thermally insulated and means for measuring and managing the internal temperature, and possibly the hygrometry, associated with means of cooling and / or heating, and possibly ventilation of the internal volume of its cell (5), the state of said box (12) being advantageously displayed on its name tag (5 '") and / or on the display means (7) of the central interface (6). 8) System according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises at least one package box (3) in the form of a box (13) for collecting specific waste, accessible without control for the purpose of a deposit. 9) System according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each box (2, 3) comprises means (14) of automatic movement of its door (4 ', 5') in the maximum open position after unlocking and virtual or physical selection of said door (4 ', 5'), said means (14) possibly also being able to maintain the open position of said door (4 ', 5'), for example by elastic, pneumatic, electric or similar action. 10) System according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each box (2, 3) comprises a detection sensor opening and / or closing of its door (4 ', 5') respectively, advantageously connected and / or integrated with the respective locking means (4 ", 5"). 11) A method of managing the operation of a collective system of mailboxes comprising in particular: a set of individual mailboxes (2), and possibly at least one parcel box (3), each with a cell (4, 5) closed by a door (4 ', 5') provided with a locking means (4 ", 5") and an electronic name-holder (4 '", 5'") with a display screen (4 "", 5 ""), each mailbox (2) being assigned to at least one owner, - a human-machine central interface (6) having, in addition to display means (7) and control means ( 7 '), a processing unit (8) associated or functionally connected to a reading, input or recognition means (9) for identifying an operator, such as a distributor, or a user and secondly, a means (10) for selective unlocking, under control of said unit (8), able to act centrally on the means (4 ") of individual locking of the bo letters (2), and if necessary of said at least one parcel box (3), advantageously implemented by a system (1) according to claim 1, or optionally according to any one of claims 2 to 10 , characterized in that it consists, during each deposition operation at the level of at least one mailbox (2), to perform the following steps in order to open the door (4 ') of the at least one of said mailboxes (2): - identification of the operator or the user by the processing unit (8) of the central interface (6), - sending via the central interface (6) ) an unlocking authorization signal to the lock means (4 ") of one, more or all of the mailboxes (2) according to the authorization of the identified person , and possibly the state of occupation of the boxes (2) concerned, - to be detected, by means of an individual detection means (11, 1Γ) or overall, the actual selection of a specific mailbox (2) by the operator or the user whose identification has generated the issuance of the unlocking authorization, - to unlock, and possibly to open automatically, the door (4 ') of the mailbox (2) actually selected if its locking means (4 ") has previously received the release authorization. 12) A method according to claim 11, characterized in that it consists, during each deposition operation at a parcel box (3), to perform the following steps for the opening of at least one door (5 ') of a parcel box (3): - identification of the operator or the user by the processing unit (8) of the central interface (6), - launching a routine or a parcel depositing process by the processing unit (8), selection by the operator or the user of the recipient of a parcel to be deposited among the users assigned to the set of mailboxes (2) and at parcel (3), at the central interface (6), - selection by the operator or the user of a parcel box format (3) at the central interface (6) and automatic opening of the door (5 ') of an available parcel box (3) of the selected format or effective selection by the operator or the user of a suitable parcel box (3) through the means of detecting (11, 1Γ) individual or global and automatic opening of the door (5 ') of the box (3) selected in case of availability of the latter, - possible display of the name of the recipient of the package on the name tag (5 '") of the door (5') and signaling the presence of a package at said name tag. 13) Method according to any one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that it consists, for the withdrawal of at least one object, fold or package of a mailbox (2) and parcel (3). ) by a user, to perform the following operations to open the door (s) (4 ', 5') concerned: - identification of the user authorized by the processing unit (8) of the central interface (6) and sending a forced opening signal to the box (s) (2,3) concerned, - automatic opening of the door (s) ((4 ') , 5 ') of the mailbox (es) (2) assigned to the identified user and / or the package box (es) (3) allocated temporarily to said user in as recipient of one or more packages. 14) Method according to any one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that it consists, for the withdrawal of at least one object, fold or package of a mailbox (2) and / or parcel (3) by a user, to perform the following operations to open the door (s) (4 ', 5') concerned: - identification of the user authorized by the unit of processing (8) of the central interface (6), - sending via the central interface (6) an unlocking authorization signal to the locking means (4 ", 5") d one or more boxes (2, 3) according to the results of the identification of the user, - effective selection by the user of the mailbox (es) (2) assigned to him / her (s) and / or the parcel box (es) (3) assigned to him / her temporarily as the recipient of one or more parcels. 15) Method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the closure by the user or the operator of the single or the last door (4 ', 5') open automatically or by detection selectively terminates the current deposit or withdrawal transaction. 16) Method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that a current deposit or withdrawal operation is completed or interrupted either by disconnection of the user or the operator at the unit level central (6), or after the expiry of a time delay, after verifying the closure of all the doors (4 ', 5') of the mailboxes (2) and the parcel (3). 17) Method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the identification of the operator or user is performed by the central unit (8) by evaluation of the information provided by the means (9). ) of reading, input or recognition, possibly supplemented by additional information from the control means (T) of the central interface (6) and / or data transmitted by a remote link connecting the system (1) to a remote control center. 18) Method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the detection of the effective selection of a mailbox (2) or parcel (3) is achieved by detecting a contact, with or without pressure, the operator or the user at the door (4 ') or the name tag (4' ") of the box (2, 3) referred. 19) Method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that the detection of the effective selection of a box (2, 3) consists of a virtual or non-contact detection, for example by positioning a finger near the name tag (4 "', 5'"), by interrupting a scanning plane or by performing a triangulation provided by means (11 ') overall and common to the different boxes (2 , 3).