FR2931303A1 - Electrical contact system i.e. electrical conductor, manufacturing method for e.g. circuit breaker, involves performing metallic or composite coating by cold or heat spray, and finishing layer by surfacing or polishing - Google Patents
Electrical contact system i.e. electrical conductor, manufacturing method for e.g. circuit breaker, involves performing metallic or composite coating by cold or heat spray, and finishing layer by surfacing or polishing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2931303A1 FR2931303A1 FR0802707A FR0802707A FR2931303A1 FR 2931303 A1 FR2931303 A1 FR 2931303A1 FR 0802707 A FR0802707 A FR 0802707A FR 0802707 A FR0802707 A FR 0802707A FR 2931303 A1 FR2931303 A1 FR 2931303A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- electrical contact
- silver
- copper
- polishing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
- H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/025—Composite material having copper as the basic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/06—Fixing of contacts to carrier ; Fixing of contacts to insulating carrier
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
contact électrique et son procédé de fabrication associé L'invention est relative à un conducteur électrique utilisé en contact tel que par exemple ceux utilisés dans les disjoncteurs et systèmes électriques de contacteurs, interrupteurs, commutateurs, inverseurs et sectionneurs et plus particulièrement à la fabrication de tels contacts électriques. Les contacts électriques dans les systèmes électriques tels que les disjoncteurs, contacteurs interrupteurs, commutateurs, inverseurs et ~o sectionneurs sont assurés dans la plupart des cas par des éléments en cuivre revêtus d'une couche d'argent mise en oeuvre par procédé électrolytique. Pour certaines applications où le risque de création d'arc électrique est important et dans le cas de forts courants, le contact électrique est assuré par une pastille (à base d'argent) réalisée par métallurgie des 1s poudres puis brasée sur le support en cuivre. Dans le cas de l'utilisation de tels contacts, contacts fixes ou contacts mobiles, utilisés en traction ou utilisés en cisaillement, avec des courants forts, ceux-ci finissent par se détériorer par phénomène de micro-soudures et se coller (se souder) après une utilisation plus ou moins longue. 20 La présente invention a pour but de pallier à ces inconvénients de cet art antérieur en proposant un procédé de réalisation de contacts électriques qui consiste à réaliser sur la zone de contact un revêtement par projection thermique ou par projection à froid ou cold spray . Ces procédés sont parfaitement adaptés à la production industrielle de grandes 25 séries et permettent la réalisation de revêtement pouvant être plus épais que ceux obtenus par procédé électrochimique. En plus ils permettent de réaliser des revêtements composites, à base d'argent par exemple, présentant des caractéristiques de limite de soudabilité et de tenue dans le temps supérieures à celles de l'art existant. The invention relates to an electrical conductor used in contact such as for example those used in circuit breakers and electrical systems of contactors, switches, switches, inverters and disconnectors and more particularly to the manufacture of such devices. electrical contacts. The electrical contacts in electrical systems such as circuit breakers, contactors switches, switches, inverters and ~ o disconnectors are provided in most cases by copper elements coated with a silver layer implemented by electrolytic process. For certain applications where the risk of arcing is high and in the case of strong currents, the electrical contact is provided by a pellet (silver-based) made by powder metallurgy and then brazed on the copper support . In the case of the use of such contacts, fixed contacts or moving contacts, used in traction or used in shear, with strong currents, they eventually deteriorate by micro-welding phenomenon and stick (weld) after a longer or shorter use. The object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks of this prior art by proposing a method for producing electrical contacts which consists in producing on the contact zone a coating by thermal spraying or by cold spraying or cold spray. These processes are perfectly suited to the industrial production of large series and allow the production of coating that can be thicker than those obtained by electrochemical process. In addition, they make it possible to produce composite coatings, based on silver, for example, with characteristics of weldability limit and withstand in time greater than those of the existing art.
Le procédé de réalisation du revêtement servant de contact électrique sur son support en cuivre ou tout autre matériau conducteur est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins l'une des étapes suivantes : - une étape d'activation de la surface du matériau de base à traiter, - une étape de réalisation du revêtement contact électrique par projection thermique ou par projection à froid cold spray, - une étape de finition par exemple par surfaça, tribo-finition, polissage. L'étape d'activation de la surface du matériau de base à traiter peut être réalisée de diverses façons ; elle peut consister à une activation mécanique avec un sablage, grenaillage, micro-billage ou alors par usinage, ponçage, ce pré-traitement est destiné d'une part à nettoyer la surface à traiter et d'autre part à accroître sa surface spécifique en y créant des aspérités et rugosités pour favoriser l'accroche du revêtement. Une attaque chimique peut aussi retenue comme préparation de surface. Une sous 1s couche d'accrochage peut aussi être réalisée pour avoir une meilleure accroche du revêtement sur le support à revêtir. Les procédés de projection thermique à la flamme (conventionnelle ou super-sonique HVOF) de poudres ou de fils, de projection plasma de poudres ou de fils ou de projection à l'arc électrique utilisent la chaleur d'une 20 source chaude (flamme, plasma ou arc électrique), qui comme le nom de projection thermique l'indique est caractérisée par des températures supérieures à la température de fusion du matériau projeté. La source de chaleur sert pour fondre les particules du matériau projeté. Le procédé de projection à froid cold spray utilise un gaz comprimé 25 chauffé à des températures bien inférieures à celles utilisées en projection thermique, pour projeter à très grandes vitesses des particules de poudre sans les fondre, les énergies cinétiques mises en jeu suffisent pour assurer une déformation plastique des particules projetées à l'impact sur le support à revêtir et réaliser un revêtement. II s'en suit que le revêtement réalisé est extrêmement dense et sans oxyde ; il présente une conductivité électrique exceptionnelle dans le cas de revêtement de cuivre ou d'argent par exemple. Le matériau projeté peut être par exemple une poudre d'argent. Des propriétés de limite de soudabilité améliorées sont obtenues si l'on ajoute à la poudre d'argent d'autre composés comme du graphite, des métaux (tungstène, ...) ou des céramiques (nitrure de titane ou autres oxydes tels l'oxyde de zinc, ...). Les revêtements composites ainsi obtenus peuvent ainsi avoir une meilleure tenue dans le temps à l'usure et à la corrosion tout en présentant une limite de soudabilité accrue. ~o Si l'on désire réaliser un contact électrique sur une zone (de contact) très localisée il est nécessaire d'opérer avec des systèmes de masquages. Il est aussi possible d'utiliser un pistolet de projection ayant une buse de diamètre ou de forme définis pour avoir un spot à l'impact des particules sur leur substrat répondant aux caractéristiques dimensionnelles du contact 15 électrique désiré. L'épaisseur du revêtement pourra être comprise (suivant les applications) entre environ une dizaines de microns et plus d'un millimètre. Ensuite il peut être réalisé dans un troisième temps une opération de surfaçage (rectification, tribo-finition, ...) ou de polissage de la couche 20 déposée. Un des avantages de la méthode décrite est, qu'en plus d'utiliser un procédé propre du point de vue environnemental, elle est très reproductible et elle peut être aisément industrialisée pour permettre l'obtention de cycles de production et de coûts compatibles avec les dernandes des marchés 25 ViSés. Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limité au mode de réalisation illustré et décrit, mais un grand nombre de variantes et de modifications peut être apporté sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention. 3o The method of producing the coating serving as an electrical contact on its copper support or any other conductive material is characterized in that it comprises at least one of the following steps: a step of activating the surface of the base material to be treated, - a step of producing the electrical contact coating by thermal spraying or by cold spray cold spraying, - a finishing step for example by surfac, tribo-finish, polishing. The activation step of the surface of the base material to be treated can be carried out in various ways; it can consist of a mechanical activation with sanding, blasting, micro-blasting or else by machining, sanding, this pretreatment is intended on the one hand to clean the surface to be treated and on the other hand to increase its specific surface area. creating asperities and roughness to promote the attachment of the coating. A chemical attack can also be used as a surface preparation. A sub 1s layer of attachment can also be performed to have a better grip of the coating on the support to be coated. Thermal flame spraying methods (conventional or super-sonic HVOF) of powders or yarns, plasma spraying of powders or yarns or electric arc spraying use the heat of a hot source (flame, plasma or electric arc), which as the thermal projection name indicates is characterized by temperatures higher than the melting temperature of the projected material. The heat source is used to melt the particles of the projected material. The cold spray cold spraying method uses a compressed gas heated at temperatures much lower than those used in thermal spraying, to project powder particles at very high speeds without melting them, the kinetic energies involved are sufficient to ensure that plastic deformation of the particles projected at impact on the support to be coated and to make a coating. It follows that the coating produced is extremely dense and without oxide; it has exceptional electrical conductivity in the case of copper or silver coating for example. The projected material may be for example a silver powder. Improved weldability limit properties are obtained by adding to the silver powder other compounds such as graphite, metals (tungsten, ...) or ceramics (titanium nitride or other oxides such as zinc oxide, ...). The composite coatings thus obtained can thus have a better resistance over time to wear and corrosion while having an increased weldability limit. ~ o If it is desired to make an electrical contact on a very localized (contact) area it is necessary to operate with masking systems. It is also possible to use a spray gun having a nozzle of defined diameter or shape to have a spot on impact of the particles on their substrate meeting the dimensional characteristics of the desired electrical contact. The thickness of the coating may be (depending on the application) between about a tens of microns and more than one millimeter. Then it can be carried out in a third time a surfacing operation (grinding, tribo-finishing, ...) or polishing of the deposited layer 20. One of the advantages of the method described is that, in addition to using a clean process from the environmental point of view, it is very reproducible and can be easily industrialized to allow production cycles and costs compatible with the processes. market demands 25 ViSés. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment illustrated and described, but a large number of variants and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. 3o
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0802707A FR2931303A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2008-05-15 | Electrical contact system i.e. electrical conductor, manufacturing method for e.g. circuit breaker, involves performing metallic or composite coating by cold or heat spray, and finishing layer by surfacing or polishing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0802707A FR2931303A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2008-05-15 | Electrical contact system i.e. electrical conductor, manufacturing method for e.g. circuit breaker, involves performing metallic or composite coating by cold or heat spray, and finishing layer by surfacing or polishing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2931303A1 true FR2931303A1 (en) | 2009-11-20 |
Family
ID=40070984
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR0802707A Withdrawn FR2931303A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2008-05-15 | Electrical contact system i.e. electrical conductor, manufacturing method for e.g. circuit breaker, involves performing metallic or composite coating by cold or heat spray, and finishing layer by surfacing or polishing |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2931303A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2337044A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-22 | Metalor Technologies International S.A. | Methods for manufacturing a stud of an electric contact and an electric contact |
WO2011086167A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Electric contact element and method for producing an electric contact element |
US10872739B2 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2020-12-22 | Frank P Stacom | Methods and systems for DC current interrupter based on thermionic arc extinction via anode ion depletion |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB730615A (en) * | 1952-02-14 | 1955-05-25 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to electrical contacts |
US3588433A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1971-06-28 | Gen Electric | Arcing contact structure and method of making same |
JPS503871B1 (en) * | 1969-01-18 | 1975-02-12 | ||
DE2337171A1 (en) * | 1973-07-21 | 1975-04-03 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Double coated aluminium contact for switchgear - with aluminium-nickel and copper or silver coatings |
JPS5320565A (en) * | 1976-08-09 | 1978-02-24 | Fujitsu Ltd | Method of manufacturing silverrtungsten electric contacts |
US5914274A (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 1999-06-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Substrate on which bumps are formed and method of forming the same |
DE19837945A1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-02-24 | Asea Brown Boveri | Circuit arrangement and method for its manufacture |
JP2000235825A (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Electrode member for vacuum circuit-breaker and manufacture thereof |
DE10045783A1 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2001-11-22 | Ami Doduco Gmbh | Use of cold gas spraying or flame spraying of metals and alloys and mixtures or composite materials of metals and alloys to produce layer(s) on electrical contacts, carriers for contacts, electrical conductors and on strips or profiles |
EP1433867A2 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-06-30 | Wieland-Werke AG | Composite material for manufacturing electrical contacts and process for its preparation |
US20050153534A1 (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2005-07-14 | Shigeru Kikuchi | Electric contacts and method of manufacturing thereof, and vacuum interrupter and vacuum circuit breaker using thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-05-15 FR FR0802707A patent/FR2931303A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB730615A (en) * | 1952-02-14 | 1955-05-25 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to electrical contacts |
US3588433A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1971-06-28 | Gen Electric | Arcing contact structure and method of making same |
JPS503871B1 (en) * | 1969-01-18 | 1975-02-12 | ||
DE2337171A1 (en) * | 1973-07-21 | 1975-04-03 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Double coated aluminium contact for switchgear - with aluminium-nickel and copper or silver coatings |
JPS5320565A (en) * | 1976-08-09 | 1978-02-24 | Fujitsu Ltd | Method of manufacturing silverrtungsten electric contacts |
US5914274A (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 1999-06-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Substrate on which bumps are formed and method of forming the same |
DE19837945A1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-02-24 | Asea Brown Boveri | Circuit arrangement and method for its manufacture |
JP2000235825A (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Electrode member for vacuum circuit-breaker and manufacture thereof |
DE10045783A1 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2001-11-22 | Ami Doduco Gmbh | Use of cold gas spraying or flame spraying of metals and alloys and mixtures or composite materials of metals and alloys to produce layer(s) on electrical contacts, carriers for contacts, electrical conductors and on strips or profiles |
EP1433867A2 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-06-30 | Wieland-Werke AG | Composite material for manufacturing electrical contacts and process for its preparation |
US20050153534A1 (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2005-07-14 | Shigeru Kikuchi | Electric contacts and method of manufacturing thereof, and vacuum interrupter and vacuum circuit breaker using thereof |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2337044A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-22 | Metalor Technologies International S.A. | Methods for manufacturing a stud of an electric contact and an electric contact |
WO2011073314A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Metalor Technologies International Sa | Methods for manufacturing an electrical contact pad and electrical contact |
CN102763183A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-10-31 | 美泰乐技术国际公司 | Methods for manufacturing an electrical contact pad and electrical contact |
CN102763183B (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2015-03-11 | 美泰乐技术国际公司 | Methods for manufacturing an electrical contact pad and electrical contact |
WO2011086167A1 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-21 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Electric contact element and method for producing an electric contact element |
CN102782787A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2012-11-14 | 乌米科雷股份两合公司 | Electric contact element and method for producing an electric contact element |
US8749330B2 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2014-06-10 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Electric contact element and method for producing an electric contact element |
CN102782787B (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2016-02-24 | 乌米科雷股份两合公司 | Electric contact element and the method for the production of electric contact element |
US10872739B2 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2020-12-22 | Frank P Stacom | Methods and systems for DC current interrupter based on thermionic arc extinction via anode ion depletion |
US11211209B2 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2021-12-28 | Stacom Engineering Company | Methods and systems for DC current interrupter based on thermionic arc extinction via anode ion depletion |
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ST | Notification of lapse |
Effective date: 20140131 |