FR2942827A1 - SEALED SURFACE STRUCTURE COVERED WITH SOLAR PANELS, WITHOUT FRAME. - Google Patents

Abstract

Structure covered with solar panels (300) whose carrier (110) has a rectangular body (111) having grooves (12) for a cover (120) and a groove (113) for fixing it. The body (111) is bordered on each side by a high wing (114) with a location (115) for the seal (118) on which the edge (301) of the solar panel (300) is supported and a low wing ( 116) bordered by a channel (117). The cross member (210) has a rectangular body (211) having a groove (212) for a joint cover (220) and, on each side, a top wing (214) with a location (214) for the joint (118) and a lower wing (216) for the edge of the wings (116) of the carrier (111).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a surface waterproof structure covered with frameless solar panels, installed on an infrastructure and comprising - carrier-forming sections installed in the direction of the slope of the covered surface, and - forming sections forming crosspieces, placed in the direction transverse to the slope between the carriers, the crosspieces being assembled to the carriers by brackets so as to define locations each receiving a solar panel. STATE OF THE ART There are various structures for receiving frameless solar panels, but these known structures do not make it possible to simply seal around the frameless solar panels, so that it is difficult to integrate such panels into a roofing infrastructure that must be watertight and, where appropriate, isolated. Moreover, when the grid formed by the assembly of the panels is provided with joints, these do not allow the particular disassembly of a panel or a group of panels without requiring the dismantling of a set of panels. starting with one side of the surface covered by the panels. This lack of accessibility is particularly troublesome for the problems of maintenance and replacement of panels. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to develop a surface-sealed structure covered by frameless solar panels, allowing easy installation of the panels, particularly tightly sealed while also allowing access to a panel. integrated in the entire covered area, without having to disassemble all the panels starting from one side of the covered area to access this panel or group of panels to replace. DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION For this purpose, the invention relates to a surface structure covered with solar panels of the type defined above, characterized in that A- the profile forming the carrier has a section with a rectangular body having - on the top, at least one groove for a joint cover,

2 - on the underside, a groove for its attachment to the infrastructure, - the body being bordered on each side by * a high wing with a location for the joint on which rests the edge of the solar panel, * a low wing , B- the profile forming the cross-member has a section with a rectangular body having, - on the top, a groove for a joint-cover, - the body being bordered on each side by * a high wing with a location for the joint on which supports the edge of the solar panel, * a low wing, straight, to rest against the edge of the wing of the carrier, C- the underside of the high wings and the top of the lower wings of the carrier and the transom have tabs defining housing with the corresponding side of the body to receive a branch of the tie-bar assembly bracket to the carrier, D- cross-rail covers are attached to the cross members to overlap the edge of the two solar panels of both sides of the transom and carrier joints attached to the carriers to cover at least the edge of the panel of a location or two panels of two adjacent locations, the cross-bar ends arriving by their edge substantially against the edge of the carrier joint covers leaving a interval for raising the seal on each side, and the underside of the joint covers being lined with a seal. This structure according to the invention makes it possible to produce a covered surface that is effectively sealed between the solar panels so that these frameless solar panels can be easily integrated into an infrastructure constituted by a roof structure or framework, and not overhead. above the roof covering. This allows for a considerable reduction in investment costs, especially since the surfaces covered by solar panels, ie photovoltaic panels, are generally relatively large or, at least, must be relatively large. important for the investment to be worthwhile. Regardless of the position of a panel or group of panels within the covered area, that panel or group of

3 panels is directly accessible without the need to disassemble a large number of panels starting with an edge of the covered area, to access this panel. Simply remove the joint covers from the location of the panel to be replaced to easily extract the defective panel and replace it with a new panel. The sealed structure according to the invention also has the considerable advantage of ensuring tightness without presenting protruding parts, important, impeding the operation of the solar panels by the drop shadow and constituting attachment points for elements such as only dead leaves that could clog the covered area and significantly reduce the receiving area of the solar panels. Advantageously, the carrier gaskets overlap the ends of the gusset covers and their gaskets are thicker than those of the gusset covers to absorb the difference in height produced by the overlap. This solution ensures tightness while leaving easily accessible panels of a span if the carrier joint covers occupy the entire length of a carrier. If the joint covers are split, they nevertheless have the advantage of covering the junction with several cross-joint covers, and to ensure a good seal while facilitating access to a particular panel. According to an alternative characteristic, the carrier joint covers and the transverse joint covers have seals of the same thickness and platelet covers whose underside is lined with a joint, covering the junction of the two edges of the rail. carrier joint cover and their junction with the edge of the transom joint cover, the cap being screwed through the transom joint cover, into the transom and through the joint of the carrier joint covers, into the carrier.

This embodiment makes it possible to use joint covers of the same height for the carriers as for the crosspieces and to complete the seal at the junction of the edges or these edges, by a cover which, in addition, screwed, ensures the firm holding of the panels to avoid their movement even in case of storm.

According to another advantageous characteristic, the wearer has two grooves to each receive a half-seal, covering each time the edge of the adjacent solar panel.

This embodiment makes access to a particular panel very easy, since it suffices to disassemble the two carrier joint covers associated with this particular panel without having to touch the joint covers of the panels on either side. carriers.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the section of the cross member is equal to the section of a carrier provided with a throat cover, that is to say without the channels and without the fixing groove. This form of cross member simplifies the installations because the crossbar and the carrier are distinguished only by the absence of channel and fixing groove. In addition, this slight difference is a very distinctive element, avoiding to confuse the two types of profiles when they are prepared and cut to length for their installation on a building site. Finally, according to another advantageous feature of the invention, the seal location for the panel on the upper wing is defined by two tabs between which the seal is fitted. Thus and in summary, the waterproof structure according to the invention is achievable using a very small number of different parts, to sa-see: the profiles forming the carriers, the profiles forming the sleepers and the joint covers, profiles as well as assembly accessories such as brackets. This reduced number of parts is advantageous for both manufacturing and stock-keeping. Drawings The present invention will be described in detail below with the aid of exemplary embodiments of waterproof structures for solar panels or frameless photovoltaic panels, represented in the accompanying drawings in which: FIGS. 1A, 1B show respectively and generally the provision of solar panels on an infrastructure, - Figure 2 is a sectional view showing, in its left side, the section of a carrier and, in its right part, the section of a a cross member folded at 90 ° into the cutting plane of the carrier, - Figure 3 is a section of a carrier at a throat for a tread, - Figure 4 is a sectional view of a trunk FIG. 5 is a cross-section of a carrier with two cover strip grooves; FIGS. 6A-6F are cross-sectional views of the installation of a solar panel in a location delimited by carriers and traverses; his, the diagrams showing only part of a carrier and, If desired, a cross-member, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the completed assembly of a solar panel in a location with a hood in place, FIGS. 8A, 8B are views. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the joint of the roll-over cover and the carrier seal with standby hoods, Fig. 9 is a plan view of the installation of covers on the joint covers of FIG. 9; - FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the assembly of a carrier and of solar panels; FIG. 12 is a sectional view similar to that of Figure 2 showing an alternative form of carrier and assembly of carrier seal covers, the other elements being identical, - Figure 13 shows a variant of sealed structure according to the invention with rupture of the thermal bridge. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION According to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the invention relates to a sealed surface structure covered with solar panels, without a frame. The solar panels have a rectangular shape. These solar panels can be installed according to a distribution (M) said landscape (Figure 1A) or a distribution (N) said portrait (Figure 1B). In the first case, they are arranged in supine position, the long side being in horizontal position and the short side in the direction of the slope. In the second, that of the arrangement in portrait, the panels have the long side in the direction of the slope and the small side in the transverse direction. The two grid arrangements delimit locations (E) whose sides in the direction of the slope are constituted by carrier profiles called more simply carriers (P), attached to the infrastructure such as a roof structure and cross members T are profiles fixed between the carriers. The assembly is done using brackets that lock against the sides of the carriers and the sides of the sleepers. These generally known assembly means are not shown. FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a surface-sealed structure covered with solar panels according to

6 the invention comprising a section of a carrier 110 and that of a cross 210, the latter being folded to 90 °. The frameless solar panel 300 is installed in the upper part of the carriers 110 and sleepers 210 bearing on them by means of a seal 118. Elastic wedges 101, 201 are also provided and the assembly is closed by joint covers 120, 220 fixed one in one of the grooves 112 of the carrier 110 and the others in the groove 212 of the cross member 210. In the example shown, the carrier seal 120 does not overlaps the edge 302 of a panel 300; the carrier 110 has two grooves 112, to receive a left-side cover 120 and a straight joint cover 120 for the solar panels 300 placed in the locations on either side of the carrier 110. The cross member 210 has a single groove 212 which receives the joint cover 220 overlapping both the upper edge 301 of the panels 300 on either side of the cross member in the span between the two carriers 110. Figure 2 also shows an example of dressing on the left side of the carrier 110 which does not receive a solar panel and is closed by a trim piece 160 clipped on the tabs 114-1, 116-1. The detail of the waterproof structure according to the invention will be presented with the aid of the following figures. Figure 3 is a sectional view of a single groove carrier profile 10 and Figure 5 is a sectional view of a two groove carrier profile 112 for two joint covers. According to FIG. 3, the profile of the carrier 10 has a section with a rectangular body 11 forming its framework. The top 11-3 of this rectangular body has a groove 12 for a joint cover. Clipping bosses 12-2 for the tabs of the joint cover are provided on the la-12-1 that border the groove 12. The top 11-3 of the body 11 is provided with a groove 13 for fixing from the carrier 10 to the infrastructure as shown for example in Figure 2, by a bolt which is housed in this groove 13. The body 11 is bordered on each side, in the upper part by a wing 14 with a location 15 for a seal delimited by two lugs 15-1 and a lower flange 16 with a channel 17 whose outer edge 17-1 is lowered by the thickness of the lower flange 16 to allow the junction of the lower flange 16 of the carrier 10 with the lower wings 216 and the lower side of the body 211 of the cross 210.

7 The upper wings 14 and lower 16 have tabs 14-1, 16-1 on the underside and the top respectively, to delimit with the side walls 11-1 of the body 11, housings each receiving a branch of bracket sleepers to porters. In the middle of the side wall 11-1, there is a thickened groove 11-2 for the support of a screw-pin used to lock the bracket. Finally, the top 11-3 of the body 11 has a V-shaped portion 11-4 for the passage of the fixing screws of the joint cover at the bottom of the groove 12.

According to FIG. 4, the profile forming the crossmember 210 has a section identical or almost identical to that of the carrier 10 of FIG. 3 for the upper part except that the underside of the body 211 is not provided with a fixing groove the sleepers being attached solely to the two adjacent carriers. The lower wings 216 do not have a channel.

The high wings 214 have a joint location 215 bordered by two tabs 215-1. The top is provided with a groove 212 for the transverse joint cover 220. This groove is bordered by two blades 212-1 with clutch bosses 212-2. The transverse joint cover 210 has tabs 214-1, 216-1 lining the underside of the upper wing 214 and the top of the lower wing 216 to delimit with the vertical walls 211-1 of the body 211, a housing receiving a branch of the assembly bracket not shown. At mid-height of the side of the body, there is an extra thickness 211-2 for the support of a screw-needle ensuring the locking of the square.

The top 211-3 of the body 211 has a portion 211-4 recessed V-shaped with, if necessary, an increase in thickness for the passage of a fastening screw of the joint cover, at the bottom of the throat 212. FIG. 5 shows a variant of the carrier section 110 which differs from the embodiment 10 of FIG. 3 solely by the splitting of the throat 112 for joint-cover, making it possible to install a cover for the right side. and a cover for the left side, independent of each other. The portions of this carrier section 110, identical or similar to the portions of the carrier section 10 of FIG. 3, have the same references increased by 100 and their description will not be repeated. Finally, another variant, not shown, of the carrier section and the cross section is distinguished from the three sections shown at the end.

8 gures 3, 4, 5 by removing the tabs 15-1, 115-1, 215-1 bordering the location 15, 115, 215 of the seal for the solar panel above the upper flanges 14, 114, 214. The method of installing a solar panel or frameless photovoltaic panel will be described hereinafter in detail with the aid of FIGS. 6A-6F in the case of a carrier 110 with two grooves 112 for joint cover. These figures schematically show the upper right portion of a carrier 110, the cross member 210 being only sketched.

The support structure constituted by the carriers and the cross members is assumed to be installed so as to define the locations (E) of the solar panels 300. A location (E) is shown in FIG. 6A. The location to the right of the carrier 110 is empty. The gasket 118 is installed in the location 115 above the wing 114 to receive the underside of the panel. In a first step (Figure 6B), we install the solar panel 300 consisting of two glass plates between which is the photovoltaic circuit. The electrical connection elements are not shown. The edge 302 of the panel 300 can come against an elastic wedge 101 so as to maintain the regular spacing between the right, left, top and bottom edges of the panel 300 relative to the carriers 110 and the cross members 210. This wedging is done against the 112-1 blade of the groove 112. According to Figure 6C, the carrier seal cover 120 is installed by clipping it into the groove 112 to rest on the top of the edge 301 of the panel 300. Figure 6D shows the the end of the cross-joint cover 220, presented above the cross-member 210. This joint cover 220 with a II-shaped section, with a wing 221 and two branches 222 as the carrier joint cover, is provided with on the underside of its wings a seal 223 which protrudes 223-1 excessively from each end of the joint cover. The joint cover 220 is cut to the precise size of the gap (I) separating the edges, on the location side of the panel 300, of the two joint covers 120 homologous to the carriers 110 bordering the location (E) of the panel 300 in progress. installation. According to FIG. 6E, the installation of the transverse joint cover 220 produces the folding towards the outside of the excess length 223-1 of the joint. After assembly, the protruding portion 223-1 is trimmed as indicated by the arrow. Then, according to FIG. 6F, the cover 150 is installed, which is a sheet metal part with a folded edge 151 at right angles and the underside of which is lined with a gasket 153. This cover 150 is introduced by its folded edge 151 into the gap between the two parallel flanges 150 of the carrier 110 10 and the top 152 is applied against the junction of the edges of the transverse joint cover 220 and the edge of the carrier flange (s) 120 and the joint carrier curtain covers. The cover 160 is screwed by self-tapping screws in the bottom of the groove 212 for the cross-joint seal 220. These screws are not shown. The assembly shown in the right part of FIG. 7 is thus obtained. FIGS. 8A, 8B show a form of transverse joint cover 220. This fI section cover consists of a flange 221 whose lower face It has two clipping legs 222 for coming into the clipping groove 212 as shown in the right-hand part of FIG. 2. The underside of the flange 231 is lined longitudinally with two elastic seals 223. The carrier seal has a shape similar or identical to that of the transom seal and will not be described or shown in detail. FIG. 9 shows an arrangement of two transverse railing covers 220 which join the edges of two carrier joint covers 120. On the left, the two carrier joint covers 120 are joined singing against edge along the junction J1 and on the right there is an interlock (e) which allows the passage of a fastening screw of a cover 150 for sealingly covering the junction of the joint covers. The two covers 150 are shown in the waiting position. The transverse joint covers 220 join the sides of the carrier joint covers 120 by junctions J2 and J3. FIG. 10 shows the installation of two hoods 150 over an assembly of tie-bar covers 220 and carrier trim covers 120 covering the J1, J2 and J3 junctions as well as the gap (e). . On the right side, the cover 150 covers the junction J3 of the transverse joint cover 120 and the two carrier joint covers 120 and their interval (e) in which can pass a self-tapping screw which attaches to the bottom of the groove. cover of the wearer. In the left-hand part, the pot 150 covers the other alternative assembly of the carrier seal covers 120. FIG. 11 shows a variant of the transom structure 410 which can also be applied to the carriers. This crosspiece 410 is similar to the cross member 210 except that the location 415 of the seal 118 10 is free, without the tabs 215-1 which border the location 215. The other elements of this assembly are identical. The carrier that corresponds to this cross 410 is not shown. It has a structure similar to that of Figures 3 or 5 with a groove 12 for the carrier seal or two grooves for two halves 15 of joint cover. In this carrier, the location 15, 115 of the seal 118 is not delimited by strips 15-1, 115-1. This embodiment according to Figure 11 avoids a metal contact between the lamellae and the underside of the panel 300, contact or approximation that can produce grounding and false electrical contacts, dangerous. In the case of the embodiment according to Figure 11, the thickness of the seal 118 (and that of the wedge 101) avoids any metallic contact between the panel 300 and the carrier or the cross 410. It is the same on the top since the transverse joint cover 220, like the carrier seal, is supported on the top of the panel or panels 300 with the interposition of a seal 223. FIG. 12 shows another alternative embodiment of the sealed structure for receiving solar panels 300; it shows in the same manner as FIG. 2, both the section of the carrier 510 and that of the cross member 410. These sections are similar to those of the va-riante 410 of FIG. 11 with locations of the joint 118 delimited by slats. The transverse joint cover 220 is also identical to the previous embodiments. Only the assembly between the crossmember flanges 220 and the carrier flanges 120a is not identical because the carrier flanges 120a are provided with a gasket 123a thicker than the gasket 223 of the cargo cover. transom seal 220 and wing 121a or

11 half-wing door branches 122a longer with a stop 124a to rest on the top of the blades 112-1 of the groove 112 of the carrier 110. In this embodiment, there is no hood since the covers Bearer seals 120a overlap the transom covers 120 and extend the full length of the carrier or a substantial portion thereof. Figure 13 shows an alternative embodiment of a sealed surface structure of solar panels 300 with a cou-pure insulation to avoid the thermal bridge through the carrier and its joint covers. This embodiment is intended to equip an infrastructure requiring thermal insulation. For this, the waterproof structure according to this embodiment integrates not only the means avoiding the thermal bridge but also an insulating layer 650.

The lower part of the carrier section 610 consists of a split of the body 611a, 611b; the portion 611b, located on the inner side or insulated side, for example receives trim panels 651 or panes 652, below the wings 616 used for assembling the not shown crosspieces.

Above this lower part 611b, there are connecting rails 660, insulating, belonging to the portion 611a of the carrier 610. These insulating rails 660 are provided on the top, the equivalent of the top of the carriers 10, 110 and crossbeams 210 with in addition a slight modification of the upper flanges 614 constituted by removable parts fastening by hooking to the upper part 611a The upper 611-3 comprises two grooves 612 for the joint covers 120 but the upper flanges 614 are non-integral profiles of the body 611a. The top of the body 611a is somehow split by the part that belongs to the lower part 611b.

FIG. 13 shows, in its left part, a step of assembling a structure with the insulating layer 650 and, in its right part, it shows a transparent zone made for example with a glass bottom 652 and the top occupied by the solar panel 300.35 NOMENCLATURE

10 Carrier 11 Carrier body 11-1 Vertical portion 11-2 Undercover 11-3 Top 11-4 Depressed portion 12 Throat 12-1 Blade 13 Groove 14 High wing 14-1 Tab Joint location 15 15-1 Tab 16 Low wing 16-1 Tab 17 Channel 17-1 Outer edge 101 Elastic wedge 110 Carrier 111 Carrier body 111-1 Vertical portion 111-2 Oversize 111-3 Top 111-4 Pressed portion 112 Gorge 112-1 Blade 113 Groove 114 Wing high 114 -1 Tab 115 Gasket location 115-1 Tab 116 Low wing 116-1 Tab 117 Channel 117-1 Outer edge 35 118 Seal 120 Covers 150 Cover 151 Folded edge 152 Top 153 Seal 160 Side trim piece

201 Shim 211 Cross 211 Body 211-1 Body vertical wall 211-2 Body allowance 211-3 Body top 211-4 Pressed portion 212 Groove 214 Wing high 214-1 Tongue 215 Joint location 215-1 Slat 216 Low wing 216 -1 Tab 220 Covers 221 Wing 222 Branch 223 Seal 223-1 Overlength

300 Solar Panel 301 Edge 302 Singing Panel

410 Traverse 415 Seal location 510 Carrier 610 Thermally cut carrier 611a Upper body 611b Lower body 611-3 Body top 612 Throat 614 High wing 616 Low wing 650 Insulation layer 651 Panel 652 Window J 1-J3 Junctions (e) Interval

Claims (1)

CLAIMS1 °) Waterproof surface structure covered frameless solar panels, installed on an infrastructure and comprising - profiled forming carriers, installed in the direction of the slope of the covered area, and - forming profiles forming sleepers, placed in the transverse direction to the slope between the carriers, the crosspieces being assembled to the carriers by brackets so as to define locations each receiving a solar panel, characterized in that A- the profile forming the carrier (10, 110) has a section with a rectangular body (11, 111) having - on the top (11-3, 111-3), at least one groove (12, 112) for a joint cover (120), - on the underside, a groove (13, 113) for its attachment to the infrastructure, - the body (11, 111) being bordered on each side by * a high wing (14, 114) with a location (15, 115) for the seal (118) on which the edge (301) of the solar panel 20 (300) rests, * a bass wing e (16, 116), B- the profile forming the cross member (210) has a section with a rectangular body (211) having, on the top (211-3), a groove (212) for a joint cover ( 220), the body (211) being bordered on each side by a top wing (214) with a location (214) for the joint on which the edge (301) of the solar panel (300) is supported, * a low wing (216), straight, to bear against the edge of the wings (16, 116) of the wearer (11, 111), 30 C- the underside of the high wings and the top of the lower wings (14, 114, 214; 16, 116, 216) of the carrier (10, 110) and the cross member (210) have tabs (14-1, 114-1, 214-1, 16-1, 116-1, 216-1) defining housings with the corresponding side of the body (11, 111, 211) for receiving a branch of the connecting bracket of the cross member (210) to the carrier (110), D-cross-rail covers (220) ) are attached to the cross members (210) to overlap the edge (301) of the two solar panels (300) on either side of the cross-member and the carrier side plates (120) are attached to the carriers (110) to covering at least the edge (201) of the panel (300) of a location or two panels of two neighboring locations, the transverse railings (220) arriving by their edge at least against the edge of the carrier joint covers (120), the underside of the joint covers (120, 220) being lined with a seal (123, 223). 2) Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier strips (120a) overlap the ends of the transverse joint covers (220) and their seals (123a) are thicker than those (223). ) transom covers (220) to absorb the difference in height produced by the overlap. Structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the carrier joint covers (120) and the transverse joint covers (220) have seals (123, 223) of the same thickness and covers ( 150) formed of pads whose underside is lined with a seal (153), covering the junction (J1) of the two edges of the carrier seal (120) and their junction (J2, J3) with the edge of the cover. transom seal (220), the hood (150) being threaded through the transom seal (220), into the transom and through the junction (e) of the carrier seals (120) into the port - (110). 4) Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier (110) has two grooves (112) to each receive a half-seal (120), each covering the edge (301) of the solar panel ( 300) adjacent. 5) Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the section of the crossbar (210) is equal to the section of a carrier (10) provided with a cover throat (12), without the channels and without the fixing groove.17 6 °) Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the joint location (15, 115, 215) for the panel (300) on the upper flange (14, 114, 214) , is delimited by two tabs (15-1, 115-1, 215-1) 5 between which is fitted the seal (118). 7 °) Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower wing (16, 116) is bordered by a channel (17, 117). lo