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FR2803034A1 - Verifying impermeability of underground liquefied gas storage cavern uses measurements of pressure, volume and temperature - Google Patents

Verifying impermeability of underground liquefied gas storage cavern uses measurements of pressure, volume and temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2803034A1
FR2803034A1 FR9916613A FR9916613A FR2803034A1 FR 2803034 A1 FR2803034 A1 FR 2803034A1 FR 9916613 A FR9916613 A FR 9916613A FR 9916613 A FR9916613 A FR 9916613A FR 2803034 A1 FR2803034 A1 FR 2803034A1
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cavern
pressure
measurements
during
observation
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French (fr)
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Gerard Fontan
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/32Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/3236Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators by monitoring the interior space of the containers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/28Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
    • G01M3/2892Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for underground fuel dispensing systems

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

Determining the impermeability of an underground cavern involves subjecting the cavern to a test pressure for a predetermined observation period (To) followed by a predetermined stabilization period (Ts), during which measurements are taken of the total pressure inside the cavern, volume of the cavern and inside temperatures, to detect any loss of pressure using a statistical analysis The procedure for determining the impermeability of an underground cavern for storing a liquefied gas under pressure where the gas is not miscible with water and the cavern is in water saturated ground consists of subjecting the cavern to a test pressure for a predetermined observation period (To) followed by a predetermined stabilization period (Ts), during which measurements are taken of the following physical parameters: total pressure inside the cavern, volume of the cavern and inside temperatures, with the aim of detecting any loss of pressure which, if significant, would mean a leaking cavern. The results of the measurements are subjected to a statistical analysis based on the association of the periodic measurements in pairs evenly spaced during a given time interval (Tm) which is optimized for during the observation (To) and measurement (Te) periods to produce more precise results regarding any drop in pressure in the cavern during the observation period.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de vérification de l'étanchéité d'une caverne de stockage souterrain de gaz liquéfié sous pression. The present invention relates to a method of checking the tightness of an underground storage cavern of liquefied gas under pressure.

Selon des procédés connus, il est possible de stocker un gaz liquéfié sous pression dans un terrain saturé d'eau, à condition que le produit stocké ne soit pas miscible avec l'eau. Avant la mise en produit du stockage, il est nécessaire de vérifier l'étanchéité de la caverne. Pour ce faire, on injecte dans la caverne un gaz tel que de l'air à une pression dite d'épreuve, sensiblement supérieure à la pression de service, et on observe les variations de pression et de températures dans la caverne ainsi que du volume de la caverne pendant une période d'observation qui suit, d'une durée prédéterminée de stabilisation, la mise en pression de la caverne à la pression d'épreuve, afin de déceler une éventuelle baisse de pression dans la caverne qui, si elle était significative, traduirait une fuite de ladite caverne. Dans l'art antérieur, on procédait à des mesures des paramètres indiqués ci-dessus au début et à la fin de la période d'observation, et la différence entre les pressions initiales et finale, corrigées des éventuelles variations de températures et de volume, donnait une indication sur l'étanchéité de la caverne, à la précision des mesures près. According to known methods, it is possible to store a liquefied gas under pressure in a water-saturated soil, provided that the stored product is not miscible with water. Before putting the storage product into production, it is necessary to check the tightness of the cavern. To do this, a gas is injected into the cavern such as air at a so-called test pressure, substantially greater than the operating pressure, and the variations in pressure and temperatures in the cavern and the volume are observed. of the cave during a period of observation which follows, of a predetermined duration of stabilization, the pressurization of the cavern at the test pressure, in order to detect a possible pressure drop in the cavern which, if it were significant, would translate a leak of said cave. In the prior art, measurements of the parameters indicated above at the beginning and at the end of the observation period were carried out, and the difference between the initial and final pressures, corrected for any variations in temperature and volume, gave an indication of the tightness of the cavern, to the precision of the measurements.

Un des buts de la présente invention est de proposer un procédé de vérification de l'étanchéité d'une caverne de stockage souterrain d'un gaz liquéfié sous pression permettant de déceler une fuite avec une meilleure précision qu'avec les procédés de l'art antérieur, sans prolonger la durée d'observation. One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a method for verifying the leaktightness of an underground storage cavern of a pressurized liquefied gas which makes it possible to detect a leak with a better precision than with the methods of the art previous, without extending the duration of observation.

Selon la présente invention, un procédé de vérification de l'étanchéité d'une caverne de stockage souterrain de gaz liquéfié sous pression non miscible avec l'eau, dans un terrain saturé d'eau, comprenant pendant une durée prédéterminée d'observation suivant, d'une durée prédéterminée de stabilisation, la mise en pression de ladite caverne à une pression dite d'épreuve, des mesures périodiques d'au moins les paramètres physiques suivants - pression totale dans la caverne, - volume de la caverne, - températures dans la caverne, afin de déceler une éventuelle baisse de pression dans le temps dans la caverne, qui, si elle était significative, traduirait une fuite de ladite caverne, comprend en outre un traitement statistique qu'on fait subir aux résultats des mesures comprenant l'association desdites mesures périodiques par couples de mesures périodiques également espacées dans le temps d'une certaine durée et l'optimisation de cette dernière durée, partant de la durée prédéterminée d'observation et de la fréquence des mesures, dans le but d'obtenir une meilleure précision sur la mesure de la baisse de pression susceptible de se produire dans la caverne pendant ladite durée d'observation. According to the present invention, a method of verifying the tightness of an underground storage cavern of liquefied gas under water-immiscible pressure, in a water-saturated terrain, comprising for a following predetermined duration of observation, a predetermined duration of stabilization, the pressurization of said cavern at a so-called test pressure, periodic measurements of at least the following physical parameters - total pressure in the cavern, - volume of the cavern, - temperatures in the cavern, the cavern, in order to detect a possible pressure drop over time in the cavern, which, if it were significant, would translate a leak of said cavern, furthermore comprises a statistical treatment that is subjected to the results of the measurements comprising the association of said periodic measurements by pairs of periodic measurements equally spaced over a period of time and optimization of the latter urea, starting from the predetermined duration of observation and the frequency of the measurements, in order to obtain a better precision on the measurement of the pressure drop that may occur in the cavern during said observation period.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaitront mieux à la lecture de la description suivante donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif des formes possibles de réalisation de l'invention, en regard du dessin ci-joint et qui fera bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée.Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear better on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example of the possible embodiments of the invention, with reference to the attached drawing and which will explain how the invention can be realized.

La Figure unique est un diagramme de temps illustrant la périodicité des mesures et comportant les différents symboles utilisés dans la description. The single Figure is a timing diagram illustrating the periodicity of the measurements and including the different symbols used in the description.

Partant d'une durée totale d'observation To et d'une période Te entre deux séries de mesures successives, chaque série de mesures comportant au moins des relevés de pressions et de températures et une mesure du volume de la caverne, on recherche par le calcul un intervalle de temps Tm tel que le calcul de la moyenne arithmétique Apm des différences de pressions relevées avec un intervalle de temps Tm, corrigées des variations de température et de volume suivant la loi de Mariotte, permette d'obtenir une estimation de la véritable variation de pression dans la caverne dans un intervalle d'un niveau de confiance égal à 95% qui soit aussi petit que possible. Cet intervalle de temps Tm permet de déduire le nombre n de couples de mesures à prendre en compte dans les calculs. Starting from a total duration of observation To and a period Te between two series of successive measurements, each series of measurements including at least pressure and temperature readings and a measurement of the volume of the cavern, we search by the calculates a time interval Tm such that the calculation of the arithmetic mean Apm of the differences in pressures recorded with a time interval Tm, corrected for variations in temperature and volume according to Mariotte's law, makes it possible to obtain an estimate of the true pressure variation in the cavern within a 95% confidence interval that is as small as possible. This time interval Tm makes it possible to deduce the number n of pairs of measurements to be taken into account in the calculations.

Sur la Figure, on a représenté sur un axe de temps Ot la succession temporelle des différentes phases des mesures â effectuer pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé de l'invention. Après une durée de stabilisation Ts, on effectue des séries de mesures espacées dans le temps de la période Te pendant une durée d'observation To. On associe ensuite les résultats d'une série de mesures effectuée à l'instant t avec ceux de la série de mesures effectuée à l'instant t +Tm. On obtient ainsi n couples supposés indépendants de séries de mesures pendant la durée d'observation To et on a

Figure img00020019

Ainsi, le couple de séries de mesures numéro j est constitué des mesures initiales numéro j de pression (pij), de températures (Tij) et de volume (Vij) relevées â l'instant tij, et des mesures finales numéro j de pression (pfj), de température (Tfj) et de volume (Vfj) relevées à l'instant tfj. On calcule ensuite les variations de pression Apj Opj = pfj - pij x (Tfj = Tij) x (Vij = Vfj) Le calcul de la moyenne arithmétique Apm des n variations de pression Apj permet d'obtenir une estimation de la véritable variation de pression dans la caverne entre la première et la dernière série de mesures, c'est-à-dire pendant la durée d'observation To. Avec le procédé de l'invention, la vérification de l'étanchéité d'une caverne est effectuée avec une incertitude qui, pour une même durée d'observation To, est divisée par
Figure img00020046

par rapport aux procédés de l'art antérieur mentionnés ci-dessus, n étant le nombre de couples de séries de mesures indépendantes.In the figure, there is shown on a time axis Ot the temporal succession of the different phases of the measurements to be carried out in order to implement the method of the invention. After a stabilization period Ts, time-spaced series of measurements of the period Te are carried out during a period of observation To. The results of a series of measurements carried out at time t are then combined with those of the series of measurements taken at time t + Tm. We thus obtain n couples supposed to be independent of series of measurements during the duration of observation To and we have
Figure img00020019

Thus, the pair of series of measurements number j consists of the initial measurements number j of pressure (pij), temperatures (Tij) and volume (Vij) taken at time tij, and final measurements number j of pressure ( pfj), temperature (Tfj) and volume (Vfj) recorded at instant tfj. The pressure variations Apj Opj = pfj - pij x (Tfj = Tij) x (Vij = Vfj) are then calculated. The calculation of the arithmetic mean Apm of the n pressure variations Apj makes it possible to obtain an estimate of the true variation of pressure. in the cavern between the first and the last series of measurements, that is to say during the observation period To. With the method of the invention, the verification of the leaktightness of a cavern is carried out with a uncertainty which, for the same duration of observation To, is divided by
Figure img00020046

compared to the methods of the prior art mentioned above, where n is the number of pairs of independent measurement series.

A titre d'exemple, le calcul optimisé de n et Te donne, pour To =<B>101</B> heures et Te = 1 heure : n = 34 couples de mesures et Tm = 68 heures. For example, the optimized calculation of n and Te gives, for To = <B> 101 </ B> hours and Te = 1 hour: n = 34 pairs of measurements and Tm = 68 hours.

Claims (1)

REVENDICATION Procédé de vérification de l'étanchéité d'une caverne de stockage souterrain de gaz liquéfié sous pression non miscible avec l'eau, dans un terrain saturé d'eau, comprenant pendant une durée prédéterminée d'observation (To) suivant, d'une durée prédéterminée de stabilisation (Ts), la mise en pression de ladite caverne à une pression dite d'épreuve, des mesures périodiques d'au moins les paramètres physiques suivants - pression totale dans la caverne, - volume de la caverne, - températures dans la caverne, afin de déceler une éventuelle baisse de pression dans le temps dans la caverne, qui, si elle était significative, traduirait une fuite de ladite caverne, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait subir aux résultats des mesures un traitement statistique comprenant l'association desdites mesures périodiques par couples de mesures périodiques également espacées dans le temps d'un intervalle de temps (Tin) et l'optimisation de cet intervalle de temps, partant de la durée prédéterminée d'observation (To) et de la période (Te) des mesures, dans le but d'obtenir une meilleure précision sur la mesure de la baisse de pression susceptible de se produire dans la caverne pendant ladite durée d'observation. A method for verifying the integrity of an underground storage cavern of liquefied gas under water-immiscible pressure, in a water-saturated land, comprising for a predetermined duration of observation (To) following, a predetermined duration of stabilization (Ts), the pressurization of said cavern at a so-called test pressure, periodic measurements of at least the following physical parameters - total pressure in the cavern, - volume of the cavern, - temperatures in the cavern, in order to detect a possible pressure drop over time in the cavern, which, if it were significant, would result in a leak of said cavern, characterized in that the results of the measurements are subject to a statistical treatment including combination of said periodic measurements by pairs of periodic measurements equally spaced in time of a time interval (Tin) and the optimization of this interval of time time, starting from the predetermined duration of observation (To) and the period (Te) of the measurements, with the aim of obtaining a better precision on the measurement of the pressure drop that may occur in the cavern during said duration observation.
FR9916613A 1999-12-28 1999-12-28 Verifying impermeability of underground liquefied gas storage cavern uses measurements of pressure, volume and temperature Pending FR2803034A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1666864A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2006-06-07 Olympus Corporation Leak tester

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4715214A (en) * 1986-10-03 1987-12-29 S. Himmelstein And Company Leak tester
EP0284262A2 (en) * 1987-03-26 1988-09-28 Analytical Instruments Limited Temperature compensation in differential pressure leak detection
US4896530A (en) * 1985-04-12 1990-01-30 Martin Lehmann Method of leak testing, leak testing device, and temperature measuring device as well as a method for measuring a temperature value
US5201212A (en) * 1991-02-13 1993-04-13 Tanknology Corporation International Line leak detector and method
US5231868A (en) * 1990-11-09 1993-08-03 Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited/Energie Atomique Du Canada Limitee Continuous containment monitoring with containment pressure fluctuation
US5526679A (en) * 1995-01-05 1996-06-18 Campo/Miller Automatically calibrated pressurized piping leak detector

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4896530A (en) * 1985-04-12 1990-01-30 Martin Lehmann Method of leak testing, leak testing device, and temperature measuring device as well as a method for measuring a temperature value
US4715214A (en) * 1986-10-03 1987-12-29 S. Himmelstein And Company Leak tester
EP0284262A2 (en) * 1987-03-26 1988-09-28 Analytical Instruments Limited Temperature compensation in differential pressure leak detection
US5231868A (en) * 1990-11-09 1993-08-03 Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited/Energie Atomique Du Canada Limitee Continuous containment monitoring with containment pressure fluctuation
US5201212A (en) * 1991-02-13 1993-04-13 Tanknology Corporation International Line leak detector and method
US5526679A (en) * 1995-01-05 1996-06-18 Campo/Miller Automatically calibrated pressurized piping leak detector

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1666864A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2006-06-07 Olympus Corporation Leak tester
EP1666864A4 (en) * 2003-09-12 2007-08-08 Olympus Corp Leak tester

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