FR2634512A1 - Device for sealing and for structures with sliding openings and wood verandas (porches) - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is devices for sealing and for structures with sliding openings and wood verandas (porches). The technical sector of the invention is that of the manufacture and the installation of structural elements, of movable frames (joinery) and of leaktight wood roofing. The devices according to the invention comprise a special U-shaped support metal profile with two brushes 17 rubbing at half-height on a rail 19, which rail enables the frame 1 to slide by virtue of sets of castors 18, embedded and arranged such that leaktightness is always provided between the inside and the outside. An external seal 21, pressed by wind pressure, completes the device, which is suited to any leaktight installation and gives the assembly of sliding openings and verandas (porches) the appearance of being totally made from wood and ease and flexibility of use.

Description

Sealing device and structures
sliding doors and wooden verandas.

DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to sealing devices and structures-sliding doors and wooden verandas.

 The technical sector of the invention is that of the manufacture and installation of elements of mobile window frames and waterproof wooden roofs.

 One of the applications of the invention is the production of verandas comprising sliding bays, all of the visible structural elements of which are made of wood and ensure sufficient sealing of the interior of said verandas.

 We know indeed many manufacturing sliding windows closing a veranda or any other opening of housing.

 The most common are those with chassis and fixed supports made entirely of aluminum. For this there are many standard profiles available, with all the assembly parts, and the equipment ensuring the closing and rolling of the movable frames.

 Their assembly is easy, and all the configurations of dimensions and arrangements can be carried out starting from the elements of structures and standard equipment put on sale by many manufacturers.

 In general, the fixed parts of the frame are made up of fairly deep E profiles: the middle branch of the E of the bottom cross member carries the rollers of the movable frame and the external branches serve as guides and carry seals; the depth of the E of the crosspiece at the top of the frame allows to leave a free space above the chassis when it is placed and slides on its lower rollers, and when we want to remove it, we put it back in this space free to clear the lower part of the branches of the E from the bottom cross member.

The lightness of aluminum allows this kind of maneuver, and on the aesthetic level, all the amounts being aluminum, it is not annoying to have these large external branches of
E which cover the edges of the movable chassis; in addition to the guiding and dismantling which is thus easily ensured, the depth of the profiles of the frame makes it possible to ensure a fairly good seal by baffles and by adding rubber seals to lifts and bristle supports making brushes.

 However, these aluminum sliding frames and bays are not appreciated for so-called traditional constructions, in which architects and owners # want to keep a rustic or old style, or even modern, but without the use of visible metal structural elements.

 In this case, pivoting wooden windows are used, and when sliding windows are desired, so-called lifting systems are used. Indeed, on the one hand the wood which constitutes the frame is very heavy and requires assistance in vertical handling, and on the other hand, to avoid a metal threshold as for aluminum frames, no profile is used type E, but only a supporting rail, which does not then ensure sufficient sealing and requires vertical crushing of the joint.

For this, the rail has notches into which the rollers of the movable chassis descend, when the latter is in the closed position, and when we want to open the bay, we then use a complicated, unsightly and expensive lifting system to lift the chassis and remove the casters from the notches, in order to rest them on the upper part of said rail and allow the chassis to slide laterally.

 As for the upper part of the chassis, in general, even for those made of wood, a metallic guiding profile making a fixed jamb is used as for the aluminum chassis described above. Certainly this part there is less visible than the threshold and can be camouflaged by concealing it with a covering.

 When these sliding bays are integrated into constructions for which the buyer wants to keep an all-wooden structure, such as in a veranda, the beams and the posts which serve as support or which are themselves the jambs of said sliding bays, must also be made of wood and the roof rafters that come to rest on it. It is however difficult to also ensure a seal with this material and most manufacturers then add covering elements which protect and seal the junctions between the pieces of wood, but this destroys the general aesthetic, unless artifice, this is expensive and does not guarantee watertightness over time, especially due to deformation of the wood.

 The problem is to make sliding bays in which all the visible structural elements are made of wood, without using a lifting system, which can be integrated into a veranda made entirely of wood, ensuring a sufficient seal to allow approval by an authorized body, easy assembly and a reasonable price.

 One solution to the problem posed is a sealing device and sliding wooden window structures comprising at least one movable frame, characterized in that it comprises, embedded under and in the lower cross member of said frame, on the one hand a profile metal in the shape of an inverted U, the two wings of which are two longitudinal and vertical slides, in each of which is threaded a support of bristles forming a brush and, on the other hand, at least one roller placed at each end of said crosspiece and the lower groove is approximately halfway up the thickness of said bristles forming a brush, so that when said rollers rest on a rail fixed at ground level, said chassis can roll freely thereon, with continuity d sealing provided by said bristles rubbing laterally on said rail.

 Another solution to the problem posed is a sealing device and sliding wooden window structures, characterized in that it has recessed on and in the upper cross member of said chassis, on the one hand, a flat metal profile, provided with two longitudinal and horizontal slides, in each of which is fitted a bristle support forming a brush and, on the other hand, at least one known retractable guide system placed at each end and capable of sliding in a groove arranged in the upper part of the jamb.

 Another solution to the problem posed is a sealing device and sliding bay structures, which bay is a part of a veranda whose roof consists of panels and wooden beams, characterized in that the roof beams form rafter consist of two pieces of wood of different physical characteristics, nested, glued and screwed together, the lower part of which has at least one continuous longitudinal shoulder, bearing for the roofing panels, which shoulder is hollowed inwards to make drain and the upper part of which receives a glazing bead with a seal.

The result is new waterproofing devices and sliding bay structures and wooden verandas
The advantages of such devices are manifold: they make it possible in particular to produce standard structural elements as for aluminum structures and thus offer easy mounting which does not require complicated tools and precautions, especially in roof waterproofing.

 Furthermore, the removal of the lifting systems reduces the cost of manufacture and assembly, and makes maneuvering the chassis very convenient.

 The devices according to the invention in fact give wood a place that metallic materials had taken from it in the construction of mobile frames, and this for a very competitive price.

 In addition, the warmth of the wood and the aesthetics that it offers are recognized and sought after, and the devices of the invention avoid and hide all visible metallic or other parts of structures, giving the whole of the embodiment an appearance and a very original and new shape, which allows in particular a perfect integration in any so-called traditional construction.

 Finally, the manufacture of structural elements carried out in two parts in wood of different quality, makes it possible to increase the mechanical resistance of these elements, thus increasing their range and their resistance, or at equal range, to reduce their section and therefore their weight; this arrangement, which is attached to one another, and embedded, is also non-deformable over time, since the woods contradict each other and the beams remain linear, guaranteeing long-lasting watertightness.

 The following description refers to the appended drawings which represent, without any limiting character, an example of an embodiment of a sliding window incorporated in a veranda, the sealing devices and structures of which are presented according to the invention and which are treated to illustrate this, but other embodiments and other applications can be envisaged.

 Figure 1 is a perspective view of a veranda with at least one sliding window.

 Figure 2 is a section through the lower cross member of a sliding frame.

 Figure 3 is a section of the upper cross member of a sliding frame.

 Figure 4 is a bottom view in section of the lower cross member.

 Figure 5 is a top view of the upper cross member.

 Figure 6 is a cross section of a roof rafter.

 Figure 1 is a perspective view of a veranda with a sliding window 1, framed by two fixed frames 21 and 22. These two fixed frames can also be replaced by two other sliding frames.

 One side of the veranda is made up of two other fixed frames 23 and 24. The two angles of said veranda are made up of two posts 12, which support a roof beam 11, on which rest five roof rafters 13 themselves receiving four panels 14, according to an assembly described in FIG. 6.

 The frontal roof beam 11 can be made of two pieces of wood, of the red Meranti type from MALAYSIA, glued and keyed together to increase their mechanical resistance and reduce their deformation. This beam is cut at the passage of the rafters 13 and, at its ends, a solid piece 33, preferably in red cedar, serves as a key for anti-overturning maintenance of the end rafters and for locking the three structural elements that are the post 12, beam 11 and rafter 13.

In addition, its shape and design make it an aesthetic finishing element.

 The opening of the sliding opening 1 makes it possible to exit or enter the veranda by passing over the threshold, consisting for example of the base cross member 71 of the jamb, separating the interior floor 102 from the exterior floor 101.

 The chassis of the sliding window 1 is made up of two vertical uprights 41 and rear 42 and two base rails 31 and 32 high. The frame thus defined supports glazing 5 which can be single, double or of any known type. The rear vertical upright 42 in this configuration rests in the closed position against the vertical upright 8 of the fixed frame 21, thus forming part of the frame of the sliding opening 1.

 The front vertical upright 41 comes in this same closed position overlapping the vertical upright 9 of the fixed frame 22.

 The sliding opening 1 thus opens by sliding on the lower cross member 71 ′ as described in FIGS. 2 and 4, and in the wide open position, it completely covers the fixed frame 22.

 Figure 2 is a section ÂA '(referenced in Figure 1) of the lower cross member 31 of the sliding frame 1. The threshold consists for example of a low cross member 71 of wood embedded between the interior floor 102 and exterior 10l. The latter is shown lower than the previous one, as is often the case.

 The cross member 71 has, on its face turned outwards, a sloping surface 28, connecting the upper part of the threshold to the outside ground, and against which comes to bear under the pressure of the air, in the event of wind for example , a seal 21. This seal of known type is embedded under and in the lower cross member 31 of the sliding frame and is placed outside and against the wing of the metal profile 15, so as to be turned to the side. exposed to outdoor weather.

 Said lower cross member 31 of the chassis 1, is made of wood and embeds, the metal profile 15, in the shape of an inverted U, the two wings of which are two longitudinal and vertical slides 161 and 162.

 Two brushes 17, consisting of a support threaded into said slides and of a dense and continuous thickness of bristles, are thus placed face to face in such a way that the ends of these bristles do not touch. not, but are spaced apart by a space less than the thickness of the fixed rail 19 and embedded in the low cross member 71 at ground level. In addition, the opening of the profile 15 which then conditions the length of the bristles is such that it allows a necessary and sufficient clearance to hold the transverse displacements of the chassis 1 due to the pressure of the wind on it and without loosening the rail. .

 The rail 19 can be of any material and runs along the entire opening distance of the sliding bay 1. Its section is constant over its entire length. The metal profile 15 of the same length as the movable frame, comprises, towards its ends, two notches to let pass at least one caster 18 embedded even more deeply in the cross-member 31. These caster wheels, preferably in groups of two, are wedged at a height such that their axes of rotation 19 are above the profile 15 and their lower groove resting on the rail 19 is approximately halfway up the thickness of the bristles of the brushes 17. This, combined with the seal 21 , thus ensures sufficient and verified tightness, after tests and studies on these various elements, taken independently and in combination with each other to obtain the desired result.

 The chassis 1 can thus roll on the rail 19 effortlessly and always at the same level; it supports the glazing 5 fixed by a glazing bead 6, preferably outside and glued with silicone to complete the overall seal.

 Figure 3 is a section BB '(identified in Figure 1) of the upper cross member 32 of the sliding frame 1. This wooden cross supports the top of the glazing 5, fixed by a glazing bead 6, also exterior and bonded to silicone. On the upper face of said crosspiece is embedded a flat metal profile 20, provided with two longitudinal guides 162, parallel and horizontal, and having the same length as said frame. Two brushes 17, of the same type as those described in FIG. 2 are threaded on said slides, so that the end of the bristles rubs on the lower surface of the upper crosspiece 72 of the fixed jamb, in order to ensure a seal between outside and inside.

 Between the two slides 162 and at each end of the crosspiece 72 ′, the prof # it 20 has at least one recess for letting through a known retractable guide system 22 of the eclipsable roller type. These guides 22 roll, in the extended position, in a groove 23 arranged in the upper crosspiece 72 of the jamb, and thus keep the chassis I vertical, sliding on the rail 19 described in FIG. 2. In the retracted position, these guides 22 retract into the cross member 32 and allow the chassis to tilt inward to disengage it, then replace it.

 To complete the effectiveness of the sealing of the device made up of the two brushes 17 above, a wooden windbreaker 24 is also embedded in said upper part of the arch, either on the outside in front of the frame 1 when it is single, or between two sliding frames when this is double.

 The height of this windbreaker 24 is sufficient to cover the upper part of the cross member 32 from the top of said sliding frame 1.

 The upper part 72 of the doorframe is itself fixed in the frame of the opening to be closed, which frame can be the roof beam 11, in the case of a veranda. The latter can also serve directly as a doorframe depending on the type of construction.

Figure 4 is a bottom view in section CC ', (marked in Figure 2), of the lower cross member
The chassis 1 is shown in the closed position, as in FIG. 1, with the rear vertical upright 42 'pressed against the vertical upright 8 of the adjacent fixed chassis, or of any other structural element forming a frame. The front vertical upright overlaps of the vertical upright 9 of another fixed or mobile chassis, with a series of known joints of contact 30 between the two uprights to ensure ltétånchéité. The chassis 1 rests on the rail 19 by two sets of at least one roller 18, here represented by two, embedded near the ends of the crosspiece between the two rows of brushes 17, which brushes rub on said rail 19 to ensure the sealing and are threaded into the slides of the metal profile 15, as described in FIG. 2.

 The seal 21 is also embedded over the entire length of the cross member 31 against the outer wing of the profile 15 to complete the effectiveness of the brushes 17.

 FIG. 5 is a top view in section DD ′ (identified in FIG. 3) of the upper cross-member 32 of the chassis 1, in the same closed position as in FIGS. 1 and 4, being supported on the vertical uprights 8 and 9 of the adjacent frames.

The guide system 22 is embedded in the two vertical end posts 41 and 42 of the movable chassis, between the two rows of brushes 17, parallel, carried by the metal profile 20, embedded in the cross member
The windbreaker 24 is placed in this configuration, in front of the outer face of the chassis 1.

 Figure 6 is a cross section EE '(marked in Figure 1) of a roof rafter 13. This rafter consists of two wooden pieces 131 and 132 of different physical characteristics embedded, glued and screwed together. The upper part 131 has its upper edges 31 cut next.

an angle of approximately 430, with a lower shoulder 32, in order to decrease the surface exposed to the sunshine, decrease the penetration of the infrared rays and thus limit the deformation of the surface so that this part 131 does not pull on the bonding and does not deform not the entire chevron 13.

 The lower part 132 has at least one side, and on both sides for a median rafter, a longitudinal and continuous shoulder 25, on which the roof panels 14 rest. These honeycomb type panels are immobilized by glazing beads roof 62 fixed in the upper part of the rafter and carrying a known roof joint 27. The shoulder 25 is hollowed out inward to make a drain 26. This constitutes, on the one hand, a decompression chamber behind the joint 27 and collects, on the other hand, any leaks which are evacuated naturally by the slope of the rafter, on the front of the roof, outside the veranda.

To increase the mechanical strength of the rafter, thus reducing its inertia, its cross-section and therefore its weight, use is preferably made, in the upper part 131 of the chevron of the red cedar of CANADA, which in addition is a wood which resists ultraviolet very well, and in the lower part 132 of the red meranti of
MALAYSIA, which is very little sensitive to hygrometric variations.

 The two profiles are studied, defined and chosen in this way to obtain the best overall combination, which does not deform despite the constraints of use, ensures spans of around 5.50 meters without intermediate carrying, with a section total of approximately 100 cm2.

 The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and which constitute only examples, to which modifications and variants can be made.

Claims (7)

 1. Sealing device and structures of sliding wooden bays comprising at least one movable frame (1), characterized in that it comprises, embedded under and in the lower cross member (31) of said frame, on the one hand metal profile (15) in the shape of an inverted U, the two wings of which are two longitudinal (16) and vertical slides, in each of which is fitted a bristle support forming a brush (17), and, on the other hand, at least one roller (18), placed at each end of said crosspiece (31) and whose lower groove is approximately halfway up the thickness of said bristles forming a brush, so that when said rollers rest on a rail (19) fixed at ground level (10), said chassis can roll freely thereon, with a sealing continuity provided by said bristles rubbing laterally on said rail (19).  2. A sealing device and sliding wooden window structures according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises, embedded under and in the lower cross member of said chassis, a seal (21), of known type. , placed outside and against the wing of said metal profile (15) turned towards the side exposed to the weather, so that said seal (20) comes to bear under the air pressure against the slope (28) of the part of the external threshold.  3. Sealing device and sliding wooden window structures according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has recessed on and in the upper cross member of said chassis, on the one hand, a flat metal profile (20) , provided with two longitudinal (162) and horizontal slides, in each of which a bristle support forming a brush (17) is threaded, and, on the other hand, at least one known retractable guide system (22) placed at each end and capable of sliding in a groove (23) arranged in the upper part of the arch  4.Sealing device and structure of sliding wooden bays according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises, embedded in said upper part of the frame a windbreaker (24), of sufficient height to come cover the upper part of the cross member (32) from the top of said sliding frame (1).  5. Sealing device and sliding bay structures according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which bay is part of a veranda whose roof consists of panels and wooden beams, characterized in that the chevron roof beams (13) consist of two wooden pieces of different physical characteristics, rolled up, glued and screwed together, the lower part (132) of which comprises at least one continuous longitudinal shoulder, bearing for the panels (14) roof, which shoulder is hollowed inwards to make a drain (26) and the upper part (131) of which receives a roof glazing bead (62) carrying a seal (27).  6. Sealing device and structures of sliding bays and wooden veranda according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper part (131) of the rafter has its upper edges cut at an angle of about 450, with a lower shoulder. .  7. Sealing device and structures for sliding bays and wooden verandas according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the upper part (131) of the rafter is made of red cedar from CANADA, and the lower part (132) in MALAYSIE red meranti.