FR2497150A1 - INSULATING SHEETS CONTAINING BITUMEN - Google Patents
INSULATING SHEETS CONTAINING BITUMEN Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2497150A1 FR2497150A1 FR8124141A FR8124141A FR2497150A1 FR 2497150 A1 FR2497150 A1 FR 2497150A1 FR 8124141 A FR8124141 A FR 8124141A FR 8124141 A FR8124141 A FR 8124141A FR 2497150 A1 FR2497150 A1 FR 2497150A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- bitumen
- weight
- layer
- thick
- ply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009502 compressed coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008029 phthalate plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/04—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/04—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B11/048—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances comprising such bituminous or tarry substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
- B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B13/08—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/06—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard specially treated, e.g. surfaced, parchmentised
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J195/00—Adhesives based on bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
- E01C7/14—Concrete paving
- E01C7/145—Sliding coverings, underlayers or intermediate layers ; Isolating or separating intermediate layers; Transmission of shearing force in horizontal intermediate planes, e.g. by protrusions, by inlays
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/08—Damp-proof or other insulating layers; Drainage arrangements or devices ; Bridge deck surfacings
- E01D19/083—Waterproofing of bridge decks; Other insulations for bridges, e.g. thermal ; Bridge deck surfacings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/08—Closed cell foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
- B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
- B32B2327/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne des feuilles isolantes contenant du bitume. The invention relates to insulating sheets containing bitumen.
Pour des raisons climatiques défavorables, il est nécessaire d'isoler les routes, les ponts ou les surfaces de pistes d'atterrissage faites de béton de ciment, ainsi que d'autres structures de construction et batiments, contre l'eau de pluie. La résistance du matériau isolant influe beaucoup sur la durée d'utilisation et de vie des structures et bâtiments. L'isolation par le bitume, gdné- ralement pratiquée, est insuffisante par elle même pour remplir convenablement les crevasses qui se forment dans les surfaces de ponts et de pistes, dues aux mouvements de dilatation et aux vibrations, et l'eau de pluie pénètre facilement dans ces surfaces, en les trempant et en créant une corrosion superficielle L LH,E, Stoach:" Faults in road construction applying bitumen", p. 133 (Cologne, 1973)J. For adverse climatic reasons, it is necessary to insulate roads, bridges or runway surfaces made of cement concrete, as well as other construction structures and buildings, against rainwater. The resistance of the insulating material greatly influences the service life and life of structures and buildings. Bitumen insulation, generally practiced, is insufficient by itself to adequately fill the crevices that form in the surfaces of bridges and tracks, due to expansion movements and vibrations, and rainwater penetrates easily in these surfaces, by soaking them and creating surface corrosion L LH, E, Stoach: "Faults in road construction applying bitumen", p. 133 (Cologne, 1973) J.
Des avaries semblables apparaissent lorsque d'autres types de constructions et de structures sont isolées par du bitume.Similar damage occurs when other types of constructions and structures are insulated with bitumen.
Le matériau isolant le plus répandu dans la pratique est encore le papier bitumineux, constitué de feuilles de papier enrobées de bitume chaud. Les feuilles bitumineuses à base de papier sont toutefois très facilement endommageables, et commencent à pourrir pour cette raison. Après les premiers signes d'avaries, l'isolation est brusquement détruite. Ces avaries apparaissent principalement aux jonctions et joints des pistes d'atterrissage et aux sites exposés à des mouvements, et de ce fait, leurs réparations sont difficiles et très coûteuses. rv. Blaha :"Life-span of cemented bituminous roof slabs and coatings", Pozemni Stavly 4, pages 170-173 (1976)J. The most widespread insulating material in practice is still bituminous paper, consisting of sheets of paper coated with hot bitumen. Bituminous paper-based sheets are very easily damaged, however, and begin to rot for this reason. After the first signs of damage, the insulation is suddenly destroyed. These damages mainly appear at the junctions and joints of the airstrips and at sites exposed to movements, and therefore their repairs are difficult and very expensive. rv. Blaha: "Life-span of cemented bituminous roof slabs and coatings", Pozemni Stavly 4, pages 170-173 (1976) J.
Outre les feuilles de papier isolantes, on applique aussi couramment des feuilles bitumineuses épaisses et des planches isolantes avec des insertions d'aluminium, Mais un inconvénient sérieux de ces planches découle de leur vieillissement rapide et de leur poids, ce qui limite leur emploi dans certaines positions, comme par exemple dans les isola tions verticales g 7. Reiter: "Position of heat and water insulations", Pozemni Stavly 25(1), pages 31-35 (1977); C, Quwet: "Damaging of roof insulation" Cahiers Techniques du Moniteur, Paris, 14, pages 94-95 (1977 go
Avec le développement de la production des matières plastiques, l'emploi de feuilles de diverses matières plastiques, comme le polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) et le polyéthylène, s'est largement répandu,
Dans la pratique, on connaît deux types d'isolation par feuilles : l'isolation avec des matériaux autoadhésifs et l'isolation en utilisant des adhésifs séparés.Besides insulating sheets of paper, thick bituminous sheets and insulating boards with aluminum inserts are also commonly applied, but a serious drawback of these boards results from their rapid aging and their weight, which limits their use in certain areas. positions, as for example in vertical isolations g 7. Reiter: "Position of heat and water insulations", Pozemni Stavly 25 (1), pages 31-35 (1977); C, Quwet: "Damaging of roof insulation" Cahiers Techniques du Moniteur, Paris, 14, pages 94-95 (1977 go
With the development of plastics production, the use of sheets of various plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene, has become widespread,
In practice, two types of sheet insulation are known: insulation with self-adhesive materials and insulation using separate adhesives.
Dans la plupart des cas, on applique des matériaux isolants auto-adhésifs. Mais ces matériaux sont difficiles à produire, bien que les techniques modernes d'isolation leur fassent appel en quantités croissantes LC. Hildebrand: "Plastics in building industry", Muszaki Könyvkiado, Budapest (19777. In most cases, self-adhesive insulating materials are applied. But these materials are difficult to produce, although modern insulation techniques call upon them in increasing quantities LC. Hildebrand: "Plastics in building industry", Muszaki Könyvkiado, Budapest (19777.
On applique de plus en plus fréquemment des feuilles de PVC pour l'isolation contre l'eau et les vapeurs. PVC sheets are being applied more and more frequently for insulation against water and vapors.
Ces feuilles conviennent à des fins d'isolation en raison de leur élasticité, qui dépend de leur teneur en plastifiant, de leur résistance relativement élevée, de leur faible pouvoir d'adsorption superficielle d'eau et de leur résistance chimique élevée. Ces feuilles présentent l'avantage additionnel de pouvoir être soudées à l'air chaud. Les propriétés défavorables des feuilles de PVC proviennent de leurs teneurs en plastifiant. Par suite de la migration du plastifiant, l'élasticité des feuilles diminue, en même temps qu'augmente le pouvoir d'adsorption superficielle de l'eau.These sheets are suitable for insulation purposes because of their elasticity, which depends on their plasticizer content, their relatively high resistance, their low surface adsorption of water and their high chemical resistance. These sheets have the additional advantage of being able to be welded with hot air. The unfavorable properties of PVC sheets come from their plasticizer contents. As a result of the migration of the plasticizer, the elasticity of the leaves decreases, at the same time as the surface adsorption capacity of the water increases.
En outre, la structure du plastifiant détermine la tolérance des feuilles de PVC envers le bitume, et plus particulièrement leur capacité à se combiner avec le bitume. On a de plus en plus recours à la combinaison des feuilles de
PVC avec le bitume, puisque, en raison de la migration du plastifiant, l'élasticité des feuilles diminue, en les rendant impropres à fournir une isolation sûre lorsqu'elles sont exposées à des effets de dilatation provenant de fluctuations de température.In addition, the structure of the plasticizer determines the tolerance of the PVC sheets towards bitumen, and more particularly their capacity to combine with bitumen. More and more people are using the combination of
PVC with bitumen, since, due to the migration of the plasticizer, the elasticity of the sheets decreases, making them unsuitable for providing safe insulation when exposed to the effects of expansion due to temperature fluctuations.
Les matériaux isolants à base de matières plastiques connus permettent des mouvements dans deux directions, à savoir longitudinale et transversale, de sorte qu'ils ne peuvent amortir les effets et vibrations perpendiculaires. Insulating materials based on known plastics allow movements in two directions, namely longitudinal and transverse, so that they cannot absorb perpendicular effects and vibrations.
Pour cela, on doit fréquemment incorporer à la structure des matériaux distincts d'amortissement des vibrations.For this, it is frequently necessary to incorporate into the structure separate vibration damping materials.
La présente invention a pour objet la fabrication de matériaux isolants capables d'amortir, dans une certaine mesure, tous effets, impacts, pressions et vibrations, perpendiculaires, et capables de supprimer, ou au moins de retarder, la rupture prématurée de ponts, surfaces de pistes, constructions et autres structures. The present invention relates to the manufacture of insulating materials capable of damping, to a certain extent, all effects, impacts, pressures and vibrations, perpendicular, and capable of suppressing, or at least delaying, the premature rupture of bridges, surfaces tracks, constructions and other structures.
Ces buts sont atteints, selon l'invention, par la fabrication de nouvelles feuilles isolantes bitumineuses de
PVC, construites à partir de
a) une couche de base de PVC, contenant du bitume,
b) une couche de mousse à cellules fermées,
c) une couche auto-adhésive ou d'assemblage,
d) une couche de séparation.These objects are achieved, according to the invention, by the manufacture of new bituminous insulating sheets of
PVC, constructed from
a) a base layer of PVC, containing bitumen,
b) a layer of closed cell foam,
c) a self-adhesive or assembly layer,
d) a separation layer.
Dans l'isolation de constructions, surtout des ponts et des surfaces de pistes, la surface de la feuille isolante de PVC est recouverte d'une couche d'asphalte. On ne peut assembler la feuille et la couche d'asphalte que si la feuille de PVC appliquée contient aussi du bitume. La préparation de telles feuilles bitumineuses de PVC est décrite dans le brevet hongrois NO 153 855. Selon le document cité, on prépare des feuilles contenant du bitume en dissolvant du bitume peptisé, soufflé, ou fondu et soufflé, à structure de gel, présentant les propriétés voulues, dans une portion du plastifiant, après quoi on lui ajoute la solution contenant le bitume.On obtient de cette façon, des feuilles compactes qui toutefois ne font que transférer les effets perpendiculaires sans les amortir, à l'objet isolé, et ne suppriment pas, ni ne diminuent, les avaries dues aux impacts et vibrations
La deuxième couche de la feuille isolante, bitumineuse, de PVC, selon l'invention, est une couche de mousse à cellules fermées, laminée avec la feuille compacte bitumineuse, et constituée d'une substance de même composition que celle de la feuille compacte. La couche d'auto-adhésivité et d'assemblage est appliquée sur cette couche de mousse, et la couche externe est une couche de séparation*
La feuille isolante bitumineuse de PVC de l'invention se compose des couches suivantes
a) une feuille compacte de PVC, de 0,4 à 1,2 mm d'épaisseur, contenant éventuellement du bitume,
b) une couche de mousse de PVC à cellules fermées, de 0,4 à 2 mm d'épaisseur, contenant éventuellement du bitume,
c) une couche de 0,1 à 1 mm d'épaisseur, d'adhésivité et d'assemblage,
d) une couche de séparation assurant le déroulement de la feuille.In the insulation of buildings, especially bridges and runway surfaces, the surface of the PVC insulating sheet is covered with a layer of asphalt. The sheet and the asphalt layer can only be assembled if the applied PVC sheet also contains bitumen. The preparation of such bituminous PVC sheets is described in the Hungarian patent NO 153 855. According to the cited document, sheets containing bitumen are prepared by dissolving peptized, blown, or melted and blown bitumen, with gel structure, presenting the desired properties, in a portion of the plasticizer, after which the solution containing the bitumen is added to it. In this way, compact sheets are obtained which, however, only transfer the perpendicular effects without dampening them, to the isolated object, and do not neither eliminate nor diminish damage due to impacts and vibrations
The second layer of the bituminous PVC insulating sheet according to the invention is a layer of closed cell foam, laminated with the bituminous compact sheet, and made of a substance of the same composition as that of the compact sheet. The self-adhesive and assembly layer is applied to this layer of foam, and the outer layer is a separation layer *
The bituminous PVC insulating sheet of the invention consists of the following layers
a) a compact sheet of PVC, 0.4 to 1.2 mm thick, possibly containing bitumen,
b) a layer of closed-cell PVC foam, 0.4 to 2 mm thick, possibly containing bitumen,
c) a layer 0.1 to 1 mm thick, of adhesiveness and of assembly,
d) a separation layer ensuring the unwinding of the sheet.
La couche de mousse peut être une mousse de matière plastique, connue et préparée selon des procédés conventionnels, qui sert principalement à amortir les effets perpendiculaires (impacts, pressions, etc). The foam layer can be a plastic foam, known and prepared according to conventional methods, which mainly serves to absorb perpendicular effects (impacts, pressures, etc.).
La couche d'adhésivité et d'assemblage, appliquée sur la couche de mousse, qui a un caractère isolant propre, sert à faire adhérer la feuille isolante sur la surface à isoler, et à fournir un blocage parfait et isolant aux joints* Cette couche joue donc un rôle important dans l'isolation. The adhesive and assembly layer, applied to the foam layer, which has its own insulating character, serves to adhere the insulating sheet to the surface to be insulated, and to provide perfect and insulating blocking to the joints. therefore plays an important role in insulation.
La couche d'adhésivité et d'assemblage contient 50 à 8056 en poids de bitume, 5 à 15% en poids d'une substance améliorant l'adhésivité, 2 à 12% en poids de caoutchouc artificiel, 13 à 23S/o en poids d'une substance agissant sur le point de ramollissement, et éventuellement un ou plusieurs agents de charge, ces derniers étant présents aux dépens des autres constituants. The adhesion and assembly layer contains 50 to 8056 by weight of bitumen, 5 to 15% by weight of an adhesiveness-improving substance, 2 to 12% by weight of artificial rubber, 13 to 23% by weight of a substance acting on the softening point, and possibly one or more bulking agents, the latter being present at the expense of the other constituents.
On peut employer dans cette couche un bitume d'un point de ramollissement de 45 à 1200C et d'une pénétration de 20 à 100 (0,1 mm à 250C). A cet effet, on peut utiliser des bitumes du type dit B-90, K-30 et 85/25 ou leurs mélanges /-Handbook of petrol products", Miiszaki Kceonyvkiado, Budapest (1978)7. A bitumen with a softening point of 45 to 1200C and a penetration of 20 to 100 (0.1 mm to 250C) can be used in this layer. For this purpose, it is possible to use bitumens of the type known as B-90, K-30 and 85/25 or their mixtures / - Handbook of petrol products ", Miiszaki Kceonyvkiado, Budapest (1978) 7.
Comme substances améliorant l'adhésivité, on peut utiliser, par exemple, la colophane (résine de pin) ou des résines semblables naturelles ou synthétiques, ou encore le polybutène ou des polymères semblables, d'un poids moléculaire de 850 à 1350, d'une densité de 0,85 à 0,95, et d'un indice de brome jusqu'à 25. Les polybutènes d'un poids moléculaire de 950 + 100, d'une densité de 0,88 et d'un indice de brome de 20, sont particulièrement préférés. As tackifying substances, there can be used, for example, rosin (pine resin) or similar natural or synthetic resins, or polybutene or similar polymers, with a molecular weight of 850 to 1350, a density of 0.85 to 0.95, and a bromine index up to 25. Polybutenes with a molecular weight of 950 + 100, a density of 0.88 and a bromine index of 20, are particularly preferred.
La colophane convenant à l'application dans la couche a un point de ramollissement de 60 à 100 C et un indice d'acide de 100-200 mg KOH/g.Rosin suitable for application in the layer has a softening point of 60 to 100 C and an acid number of 100-200 mg KOH / g.
Comme caoutchoucs artificiels, qui augmentent l'élasticité et améliorent les propriétés isolantes (par exemple, résistance aux sels et à l'eau), de la couche adhésive, on peut utiliser des polymères qui ne se séparent pas du bitume et forment avec celui-ci une phase homogène. Il est préférable d'utiliser des copolymères de butadiène-styrène, d'une teneur en butadiène de 60 à 7596 en poids. La densité du copolymère est de 0,9 à 1,0, sa résistance à la traction est de 1800 à 2600 N/cm2 et son allongement à la rupture est de 500 à 1OOO,'* On peut aussi utiliser, dans le même but, un polypropylène atactique, d'une température de fusion de 130 à 1750C, d'une densité de 0,8 à 0,9 et d'une péné+ration de 15-50. As artificial rubbers, which increase the elasticity and improve the insulating properties (for example, resistance to salts and water), of the adhesive layer, it is possible to use polymers which do not separate from the bitumen and form therewith. ci a homogeneous phase. It is preferable to use butadiene-styrene copolymers, with a butadiene content of 60 to 7596 by weight. The density of the copolymer is from 0.9 to 1.0, its tensile strength is from 1800 to 2600 N / cm2 and its elongation at break is from 500 to 10000, * * It is also possible to use, for the same purpose , an atactic polypropylene, with a melting temperature of 130 to 1750C, a density of 0.8 to 0.9 and a penetration + ration of 15-50.
Le point de ramollissement de la couche adhésive est fonction des plastifiants qui sont utilisés dans l'industrie des matières plastiques. Le dioetyl-phtalate est un plastifiant préféré, mais, toutefois, on peut aussi em ployer des substances d'origine naturelle ou dérivées du pétrole, d'une viscosité de 5-50 cSt à 200C, d'un point de solidification inférieur à 0 C et d'un point éclair supérieur à 15O0C. The softening point of the adhesive layer is a function of the plasticizers which are used in the plastics industry. Dioetyl phthalate is a preferred plasticizer, but, however, it is also possible to use substances of natural origin or derived from petroleum, with a viscosity of 5-50 cSt at 200C, with a solidification point of less than 0 C and a flash point greater than 15O0C.
Quelques compositions préférées de la couche d'adhésivité et d'assemblage sont données ci-après 1. Bitume 70% en poids 85/25
dioctyl phtalate 7
résine de pin 5 n température de fu
sion : 65-750C
talc 6 " densité : 2,2-2,3
copolymère butadiène- 4 " teneur en butadiène:
styrène 60% en poids
polypropylène 3 " température de fusion:
atactique 140-1 500C
polybutène 5 " poids moléculaire:
950 t 100, densité:0,88 2. Bitume B-90 50% en poids
Bitume K-3 13
dioctyl-phtalate 9 " ) mêmes caractéristi
résine de pin 12 " ) ques que pour 1
polypropylène )
atactique 8 " )
craie en suspension 8 " densité : 0,8-1,8 3.Bitume B-90 63%
dioctyl-phtalate 6
résine de pin 10 ) mêmes caractéristi
copolymère de buta- 8 " ) ques que pour 1
diène-styrène 5
polybutène 5
talc 8
On prépare, de préférence, la couche isolante bitumineuse de PVC comme décrit ci-après
On prépare la mousse de PVC à cellules fermées avec un revêtement comprimé bitumineux, à partir d'un plastisol, en une seule opération, en appliquant le plastisol avec un cylindre de caoutchouc, à partir de deux appareils d'en diction, sur une courroie d'acier sans fin qui sert de support auxiliaire de production.Some preferred compositions of the adhesion and assembly layer are given below 1. Bitumen 70% by weight 85/25
dioctyl phthalate 7
pine resin 5 n fu temperature
sion: 65-750C
talc 6 "density: 2,2-2,3
butadiene-4 "copolymer butadiene content:
styrene 60% by weight
polypropylene 3 "melting temperature:
atactic 140-1 500C
polybutene 5 "molecular weight:
950 t 100, density: 0.88 2. Bitumen B-90 50% by weight
Bitumen K-3 13
dioctyl phthalate 9 ") same characteristics
12 "pine resin) only for 1
polypropylene)
atactic 8 ")
chalk in suspension 8 "density: 0.8-1.8 3.Bitume B-90 63%
dioctyl-phthalate 6
pine resin 10) same characteristics
copolymer of buta- 8 ") only for 1
diene-styrene 5
polybutene 5
talc 8
The bituminous PVC insulating layer is preferably prepared as described below
Preparing closed cell PVC foam with a bituminous compressed coating, from a plastisol, in a single operation, by applying the plastisol with a rubber cylinder, from two dictation devices, on a belt endless steel which serves as an auxiliary production support.
On utilise des plastisols dont les compositions sont les suivantes (les données numériques indiquant les parties en poids)
Composant Couche de Revêtement
mousse comprimé
Emulsion de PVC K 67 - 100
Emulsion de PVC K 60 100 25
Mélange bitume-plastifiant - 80
Plastifiant de phtalate 5
Stabilisant 2 2
Huile de soja époxydée 1 2
Résine d'azodicarbonamide pour la production de mousse 5
Agent de charge 5
On homogénéise les composants, de préférence, dans un appareil à un cylindre de frottement, muni d'un agitateur planétaire, et on traite les mélanges en maintenant les paramètres opérationnels suivants vitesse de la machine : 9 m/min.Plastisols are used, the compositions of which are as follows (the numerical data indicating the parts by weight)
Coating Layer Component
compressed foam
PVC emulsion K 67 - 100
PVC emulsion K 60 100 25
Bitumen-plasticizer mixture - 80
Phthalate plasticizer 5
Stabilizer 2 2
Epoxidized soybean oil 1 2
Azodicarbonamide resin for foam production 5
Charge agent 5
The components are homogenized, preferably in an apparatus with a friction cylinder, equipped with a planetary agitator, and the mixtures are treated while maintaining the following operational parameters machine speed: 9 m / min.
température du four à tunnel de gélification
- à l'application du revêtement 200-2500C
comprimé
- à l'application de la couche de
mousse 260-2800C largeur de l'enduction : 1480 mm poids du revêtement comprimé : 950 g/m épaisseur du revêtement comprimé : 0,9+ 0,1 mm poids de la couche de mousse : 450 g/m2 épaisseur totale : 2,3+0,1 mm
On forme alors la couche auto-adhésive de la manière suivante :On fait fondre du bitume et on le chauffe à 150-1700C, puis on ajoute les autres composants de la couche dans le bitume fondu, sous agitation constante, de façon que la substance agissant sur le point de ramollissement soit introduite la première, puis les autres composants sont ajoutés, et à la fin de l'addition, on agite le mé- lange pendant encore 3 à 4 heures,
On applique cette masse sur la couche de moussé à cellules fermées de la manière suivante: on ajuste la température de la masse à 90-1100C, on fait passer la feuille au-dessous d'un couteau racoleur d'enduction, d'un écartement ajustable, et la masse est alimentée en continu devant le couteau racleurs La structure stratifiée est enroulée avec une couche de séparation (de préférence du papier siliconé), à une certaine distance du site de l'en- duction.gelling tunnel oven temperature
- to the application of the coating 200-2500C
compressed
- the application of the layer of
foam 260-2800C coating width: 1480 mm weight of the compressed coating: 950 g / m thickness of the compressed coating: 0.9+ 0.1 mm weight of the layer of foam: 450 g / m2 total thickness: 2, 3 + 0.1 mm
The self-adhesive layer is then formed in the following manner: Bitumen is melted and heated to 150-1700C, then the other components of the layer are added to the molten bitumen, with constant stirring, so that the substance acting on the softening point is introduced first, then the other components are added, and at the end of the addition, the mixture is stirred for a further 3 to 4 hours,
This mass is applied to the layer of closed-cell foam in the following manner: the temperature of the mass is adjusted to 90-1100 ° C., the sheet is passed under a coating scraper knife, with a spacing adjustable, and the mass is continuously fed in front of the scraper knife. The laminated structure is rolled up with a separating layer (preferably silicone paper), at a certain distance from the site of the coating.
On peut aussi appliquer la masse sur la couche de mousse en l'appliquant d'abord sur le papier siliconé utilisé comme couche de séparation,puis en enroulant la feuille du côté de la couche de mousse sur la masse encore chaude. The mass can also be applied to the foam layer by first applying it to the silicone paper used as a separating layer, then by rolling the sheet on the side of the foam layer over the still hot mass.
Selon les deux procédés d'application, on ajuste l'épaisseur de la couche d'adhésivité et d'assemblage en ajustant convenablement le couteau racleur. According to the two application methods, the thickness of the adhesion and assembly layer is adjusted by suitably adjusting the scraper knife.
Les caractéristiques d'une feuille typique suivant l'invention, bitumineuse de PVC, sont les suivantes couleur : noire poids : 1700-1900 g/m2 épaisseur
- totale 2,4 + 0,1 mm
- du revêtement comprimé 0,9 + 0,1 mm
- de la couche de mousse 1,3 mm
- de la couche auto-adhé- 0,3 mm
sive largeur : 900 t 3 mm
500 t 3 mm charge de traction : 80 N/cm allongement à la rupture : 2fi0% résistance à la traction : 10 N/mm2 résistance au froid : -200C adsorption d'eau : 0,30/0
On examine le pouvoir isolant de la feuille bitu mineuse de PVC de l'invention comme décrit ci-après : on enroule les feuilles sur des cubes de béton, avec la couche auto-adhésive face aux cubes, et les extrémités des feuilles se recouvrant. Les cubes de béton étaient préalablement traités avec une solution de bitume pour les dépoussiérer.The characteristics of a typical sheet according to the invention, bituminous of PVC, are the following color: black weight: 1700-1900 g / m2 thickness
- total 2.4 + 0.1 mm
- 0.9 + 0.1 mm compressed coating
- 1.3 mm foam layer
- self-adhesive layer - 0.3 mm
sive width: 900 t 3 mm
500 t 3 mm tensile load: 80 N / cm elongation at break: 2fi0% tensile strength: 10 N / mm2 resistance to cold: -200C water adsorption: 0.30 / 0
The insulating power of the binary PVC sheet of the invention is examined as described below: the sheets are rolled up on concrete cubes, with the self-adhesive layer facing the cubes, and the ends of the sheets overlapping. The concrete cubes were previously treated with a bitumen solution to dust them.
La feuille isolante adhère bien au béton et forme un recouvrement imperméable à l'eau, également dans les zones de recouvrement. The insulating sheet adheres well to the concrete and forms a waterproof covering, also in the covering areas.
La résistance à l'arrachement par pelage de la couche isolante, du béton, est de 10 N/cm, sous un angle d'arrachement de 1800, et la résistance au cisaillement est de 200-250 N/10cm2. The peel-off resistance of the insulating layer, of the concrete, is 10 N / cm, at a tear-off angle of 1800, and the shear strength is 200-250 N / 10cm2.
Les caractéristiques d'adhésivité de la feuille isolante dans les zones de recouvrement sont : résistance à l'arrachement par pelage = 6-8 N/cm et résistance au cisaillement = 100-130 N/cm2. The adhesive characteristics of the insulating sheet in the overlap areas are: peel strength = 6-8 N / cm and shear strength = 100-130 N / cm2.
Dans un autre essai, un échantillon préparé comme précédemment décrit, comportant 4 cm de recouvrements, est exposé à la pression d'une colonne d'eau de 1 m, et on examine les traces d'infiltration éventuelle. In another test, a sample prepared as previously described, comprising 4 cm of overlap, is exposed to the pressure of a 1 m column of water, and the traces of possible infiltration are examined.
Les cubes de béton demeurent complètement secs, mb- me après un mois, ce qui prouve qu'il ne s'est produit aucune infiltration, même dans les zones de recouvrement. The concrete cubes remain completely dry, even after a month, which proves that no infiltration has occurred, even in the overlapping areas.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU803157A HU185232B (en) | 1980-12-30 | 1980-12-30 | Bituminous pvc insulating plate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2497150A1 true FR2497150A1 (en) | 1982-07-02 |
| FR2497150B1 FR2497150B1 (en) | 1986-04-04 |
Family
ID=10962860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8124141A Expired FR2497150B1 (en) | 1980-12-30 | 1981-12-23 | INSULATING SHEETS CONTAINING BITUMEN |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | ATA523681A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS221999B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3148365A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2497150B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2092517B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU185232B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1140411B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8105789A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL132737B1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE444964B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1316566A3 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU310581A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0409080A1 (en) * | 1989-07-18 | 1991-01-23 | Sommer S.A. | Products made of thermoformed materials comprising at least three layers, process for their manufacture and the application thereof. |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8317540D0 (en) * | 1983-06-28 | 1983-08-03 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Bituminous compositions |
| GB8320422D0 (en) * | 1983-07-28 | 1983-09-01 | Jackson L R | Damp-proof course |
| DE9003168U1 (en) * | 1990-03-17 | 1991-07-18 | Dr. Kohl GmbH & Cie, Dachbelag- und Bautenschutzmittel-Fabrik, 46282 Dorsten | Bitumen welded sheet for use in bridge structures |
| CN108912558B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-05-19 | 山东乐动体育产业有限公司 | Wear-resistant anti-skid long-service-life environment-friendly plastic track and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB941659A (en) * | 1961-08-24 | 1963-11-13 | Durastic Ltd | Improvements in and relating to laminated coatings |
| GB1473316A (en) * | 1974-07-23 | 1977-05-11 | Grace W R & Co | Preformed laminated structures |
| DE3020945A1 (en) * | 1979-06-06 | 1980-12-18 | Grace W R Ltd | PRE-PREPARED SHEET-SHAPED STRUCTURES AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
-
1980
- 1980-12-30 HU HU803157A patent/HU185232B/en unknown
-
1981
- 1981-12-07 AT AT0523681A patent/ATA523681A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-12-07 DE DE19813148365 patent/DE3148365A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-12-11 GB GB8137491A patent/GB2092517B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-12-17 SE SE8107584A patent/SE444964B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-12-22 NL NL8105789A patent/NL8105789A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-12-22 PL PL1981234386A patent/PL132737B1/en unknown
- 1981-12-23 FR FR8124141A patent/FR2497150B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-12-25 SU SU813367572A patent/SU1316566A3/en active
- 1981-12-28 YU YU03105/81A patent/YU310581A/en unknown
- 1981-12-29 CS CS819951A patent/CS221999B2/en unknown
- 1981-12-29 IT IT25893/81A patent/IT1140411B/en active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB941659A (en) * | 1961-08-24 | 1963-11-13 | Durastic Ltd | Improvements in and relating to laminated coatings |
| GB1473316A (en) * | 1974-07-23 | 1977-05-11 | Grace W R & Co | Preformed laminated structures |
| DE3020945A1 (en) * | 1979-06-06 | 1980-12-18 | Grace W R Ltd | PRE-PREPARED SHEET-SHAPED STRUCTURES AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0409080A1 (en) * | 1989-07-18 | 1991-01-23 | Sommer S.A. | Products made of thermoformed materials comprising at least three layers, process for their manufacture and the application thereof. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2092517A (en) | 1982-08-18 |
| SU1316566A3 (en) | 1987-06-07 |
| YU310581A (en) | 1985-04-30 |
| CS221999B2 (en) | 1983-04-29 |
| PL132737B1 (en) | 1985-04-30 |
| NL8105789A (en) | 1982-07-16 |
| HU185232B (en) | 1984-12-28 |
| SE444964B (en) | 1986-05-20 |
| FR2497150B1 (en) | 1986-04-04 |
| DE3148365A1 (en) | 1982-09-23 |
| GB2092517B (en) | 1984-07-18 |
| PL234386A1 (en) | 1982-08-16 |
| IT1140411B (en) | 1986-09-24 |
| ATA523681A (en) | 1987-06-15 |
| SE8107584L (en) | 1982-07-01 |
| IT8125893A0 (en) | 1981-12-29 |
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