FR2490263A1 - Mortar distributing hopper for bricklaying - includes hopper from which mortar is discharged via valve-controlled opening - Google Patents

Abstract

The mobile hopper distributes one or more parallel bands of mortar of equal, constant thickness along the top of a row of bricks. It comprises a hopper for the mortar which has an opening along its base controlled by a valve. The opening contains a rotating roller which distributes the mortar and determines the thickness of the bands. The rotating roller presents a cylindrical surface transverse to the direction of movement and has lips which guide the hopper along the top of the row of bricks.

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus for the distribution of a pasty material along one or more parallel strips, for example for the formation of a connecting joint on a row of building blocks such as bricks, concrete blocks or the like.

For the formation of the joint according to the current technique using the trowel, the mason must first place on the row of bricks a certain amount of mortar and then spread it along a strip of constant thickness and width on which are laid one by one the bricks in view of raising the wall under construction.

The instruments used hardly allow the formation of a joint of uniform thickness and therefore the mason for each brick laid and with the help of it must pack the joint to perfect the connection between the two superimposed rows of bricks and to level the brick laid and in line with the others.

During the packing of the joint it often happens that the material constituting it overflows on both sides of the brick and falls at the bottom of the wall, which causes significant losses.

The use of traditional equipment for the formation of a connection joint leads to high construction times and requires skilled labor.

An attempt has been made to remedy the problem posed, in particular French patent application NO 70 04931 describes a hand tool intended to allow the laying of mortars and sealing joints for the assembly of slabs or the like.

This tool consists of a hopper receiving the morticr, mounted on a horizontal plate pierced with a light closable by a valve and laterally provided with a guide wall against the construction elements, the material being delivered by gravit6.

This tool n1 is intended only for the realization of a single joint which is detrimental to the good balance of the construction elements and in the case where a second joint parallel to the first is desired it must be carried out a second passage in opposite direction which results in a significant loss of time.

However, it appears very useful to ensure a better distribution of the mortar and an economy thereof to produce a double joint comprising two parallel rows of mortar separated by an interval and having the same thickness and width.

In addition, the delivery of the mortar being carried out in the aforementioned material by gravity the thickness of the joint and its consistency is directly a function of the load contained in the hopper, therefore it may result from irregularities in the joint.

This is particularly detrimental when after making a joint on one edge the user makes a joint on the other edge because in this case it may result in unevenness of the joints.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks stated above, by using an apparatus for dispensing a pasty material in the form of at least one strip and preferably two strips of uniform thickness, which facilitates the installs building blocks and decreases construction time.

Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a device of simplified use which can be used by personnel of lower qualification.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of being sorted loaded with mortar directly from a stock of mortar identical to a trowel without the user needing to cover it with a load-bearing means. such as a shovel for example.

To this end, the mobile device according to the invention for distributing a pasty material on a surface in the form of one or more parallel strips, preferably of constant thickness equal to one another , for example for the formation of a connecting joint on a row of building blocks of the type comprising a hopper 2 receiving the charge of paying material, open at its base to provide a distribution cover 4 closable by a valve and provided with guiding members on and relative to the surface A to be coated is essentially characterized in that the dispensing opening 4 is associated with a rotating or fixed rolling member 27 which contributes to distributing and adjusting the height and / or the thickness and / or width of the strip or strips of pasty material.

Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the description of preferred embodiments given by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the appended drawings in which - FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of the apparatus according to the invention, - Figure 2 is a sectional view along the line AA of Figure 1, - Figure 3 is a plan view of the valve, - Figures 4 and 5 are views of another embodiment of the device, - Figures 6 and 7 are views of another embodiment of the invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2 the mobile device according to the invention, for dispensing a pasty material, such as for example a hydraulic binder in the form of parallel strips of uniform thickness, for example for the formation of a connecting joint on a row of bricks of a wall under construction is carried by rolling members 1 on said row or on a surface A on which the pasty material is affixed and is constituted by a hopper 2 for receiving the pasty material 3 flowing through a discharge orifice 4 lower than the hopper towards the row of bricks or towards surface A.

A rolling means 5 disposed at the outlet of the orifice 4 forms the seal or strip 6 as the apparatus advances and a device 7 for controlling the distribution of the pasty material is associated with the drain 4.

The rolling members 1, for example two in number, consist of rollers of moldable synthetic material or of any other suitable material, mounted idly on an axis 8 secured to the hopper 2 by lugs 9 thereof (fig.2 ).

Advantageously, the shaft 8 is linked in rotation and in translation to the legs 9 by any means or methods known to those skilled in the art.

According to another embodiment, the device is carried by three rolling members forming a tripod structure and one of these members is located at the front of said device considering the direction of travel.

Coaxial with the running gear (fig. 2) the device is provided with guide means 10 on the row of bricks or on surface A.

These rotary means 10 are disposed on either side of the thickness of the wall and are constituted by a shoulder or flange of the rolling member 1.

Opposite the wall, the guide member 10 is provided with a surface conforming to a truncated cone, the point of which is directed towards the middle of the device.

In order to adapt the device to each wall thickness, it is possible to provide guide members which can be separated from the rolling members and which can move away from or come closer to one another.

These guide members may each be constituted by a disc coaxial with the rolling member which can slide on the shaft 8 and be blocked therein in rotation and / or in translation by any known means in order to adjust its spacing relative to the 'other.

According to this embodiment, the shaft 8 will be extended beyond its fixing lugs to receive the guide members.

According to another embodiment, the guide members are rotatably mounted on at least one axis parallel to the axis 8 of the rolling members and fixed to the front or to the rear of the hopper by lugs or other members.

The hopper 2 is for example in the form of an inverted truncated pyramid open at its base and is made for example of rot-proof material, preferably polyester.

At the upper filling opening of the hopper is made a screen II formed by the extension of one of the walls to prevent the filling of the pasty material from spilling out.

Against at least the front plane of the hopper, considering the direction of advancement of the device and one of the lateral planes are fixed to the handling members 12 of the device.

These organs are for example constituted by handles each provided with a plate for fixing to the hopper.

Set back from or under the discharge orifice 4, the apparatus is provided with means 5 for rolling the pasty material kept at a distance from the row of bricks or from the surface A by the rolling members 1.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the lower orifice of the hopper is partially obstructed by this rolling means which provides with the ilan before said hopper a space forming the discharge orifice.

As can easily be understood, the thickness of the connecting joint or strip is conditioned by the distance separating the rolling means from the row of bricks or from the surface A.

To adjust this thickness, to adapt it to the dimensional characteristics of the wall under construction, the rolling members may be associated with height adjustment means.

To this end, the tabs supporting the axes of the rolling member (s) may be removably attached to the hopper to occupy different positions relative thereto.

The rolling means is for example constituted by at least one cylindrical surface of smaller diameter than that of the rolling members, coaxial with the rolling members and rotatable in the direction of advancement of the apparatus to come and suck the pasty material deposited on her or passing in front of her and laminate it to form the bonding joint
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cylindrical surface 5 is centered relative to the axis of the hopper and partially closes the open bottom of the latter to provide the orifice 4.

To ensure the seal between the cylindrical wall and the rear wall of the hopper, the device is fitted with a seal 13.

This seal is constituted by a blade of a flexible and / or elastic material such as rubber carried by a support fixed in an adjustable manner to the rear wall of the hopper to bring the said seal more or less close to the surface. cylindrical.

This seal also aims to clean by scraping the cylindrical surface 5 after it has passed over the pasty material and before its introduction into the hopper.

To facilitate the evacuation of the pasty material from the hopper, the rolling means is provided with drive means.

This drive means consists of a series of recesses 14
and bosses formed in the cylindrical surface 5 forming
roughness capable of creating a ripple phenomenon when the
cylindrical surface is rotated.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 7 and 2 the rolling members 1, the guides 10 and the rolling means are integral in one piece this to simplify the manufacture of the device.

This part, like a rotary roller made of moldable synthetic material, has at each end a shoulder forming the guides 10 extended towards the transverse axis of the roller by the rolling members 1.

 This roller is for example provided with two polygonal grooves 15 the bottom of which constitutes the rolling means.

These grooves 15 are separated by a central flange 16 with lateral conical walls with a roller and of the same diameter as the skies of the rolling members so as to also come to roll on the surface A or the row of bricks and divide the pasty product discharged into two separate parallel joints by an interval facilitating the distribution of the material during the laying of the bricks.

Preferably, the sides of each of the grooves 15 are inclined towards one another so that the cross section of said grooves is in the form of an isosceles trapezium, the smallest base of which is formed by the bottom.

This arrangement makes it easier to clear the throat of the strip of pasty product that it has formed.

the side of each groove furthest from the median transverse axis of the roller is kept apart from the edge of the row of bricks by the guide means 10 to form a border free of pasty material, so that when the joint is compacted by the affixing of a brick this cannot overflow on the facade which avoids any loss of material.

The collar 16 also forms a space free of pasty material on the row of bricks so that the two bands formed can also deform during compaction towards the median axis of the row and possibly come one against the other.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention not shown in the drawings but easily understandable, the central flange 16 is of a diameter less than that of the rolling members and greater than that of the rolling member at the grooves 15 in so that the said collar comes above the surface A.

This arrangement of the invention has the advantage of producing on surface A a single joint of sealing material consisting of two strips of the same thickness separated by a median interval of lesser thickness allowing the distribution of the mortar during compaction resulting from the laying. bricks.

To distribute the pasty material in the two polygonal grooves 15 the hopper 2 is provided with two inner median walls 17 joined by their upper side and coming respectively by their lower side to be disposed on either side of the flange 16, parallel to the planes gorges 15.

The lower side of these walls is cut in an arc to circle around a portion of its circumference the cylindrical wall 5 this in view of ensuring the seal between the grooves 15 and the neck
lerettel6.

 Between the grooves 15 and the rolling members, the sealing is ensured by lips 18 in an arc formed by the lower edges of the walls of the hopper perpendicular to the axis e.

These lips are arranged in each groove 15 and are parallel to the side furthest from the transverse median axis of the roller.

The distribution control device is constituted by a valve 19 capable of closing more or less the discharge orifice 4 to adjust the flow rate of the pasty material flowing out of the hopper and driven and rolled by the roller.

This valve is angularly movable around a pivot 20 and is controlled by a rod 21 connected to a trigger 22 retractable in one of the handle 12 in the axis of the direction of travel of the device on the wall.

According to a first embodiment the valve 19 is constituted by a sheet of metal or other material mounted on hinges integral with the hopper and movable angularly along an axis parallel to the axis of the rotary roller.

The free end of the valve 19 follows the contour of the grooves 15 and dv the flange 16 of the roller in order to come by tilting around the pivot 20 to be pressed against the bottom of the grooves 15 and their sides and to surround the flange 16 without play.

The free end of the valve 19 is in the form of an isosceles trapezoid 23 whose bases are parallel to the axis of the rotary roller and whose lateral ribs 24 have an inclination of the same value as the inclination of the lateral flanks of each groove furthest from the median transverse axis of the roll to come by tilting to press against them.

The small base of this trapezium cooperating with the bottom of the grooves is provided with a trapezoidal cutout 25 which comes by tilting - surround the flange 16 without play.

To replace the seal at the level of the hollow shapes of the bottom of the grooves 15 of the lateral flanks of said grooves and of the profile of the flange, the small base of the isosceles trapezoid, its sides 24 and the cut shape 25 are fitted with a flexible seal. 26, for example rubber formed for example by a strip folded over itself to present two lips which surround the small base, the sides 24 and the cutout 25.

According to another embodiment, the valve is constituted by a sheet of metal or other material folded in an arc of a circle and movable angularly in or under the rounded bottom of the hopper or thereon to more or less seal the orifice discharge 4, the rolling roller being offset behind the open bottom of the hopper (Figures 6 and 7).

With particular reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, another embodiment of the dispensing device is described.

According to this exemplary embodiment, the dispensing device is carried by sliding members 26 and is constituted by a hopper 2 of inverted prismatic shape open at its base to form a discharge orifice 4 for the pasty material which pours out at the front a non-rotating rolling means 27 mounted between the sliding members.

The sliding members 26 such as two pads are each secured to one of the vertical sides of the hopper parallel to the direction of advancement of the device.

This horizontal pad is formed by a sheet of metal or other material of substantially rectangular shape with a vertical tab secured to its inner side forming with said sheet a right angle bend and coming to be set back from the edge of the wall under construction in the case where the device is used for the formation of at least one connecting joint on a row of blocks under construction and to be fixed by any known means to the aforementioned sides of the hopper.

Each of the pads 26 is associated with at least one guide member 28 which is arranged opposite a vertical section of the wall under construction.

Advantageously, these guide members are constituted by a vertical wall formed by the right angle and downward folding of the outer edge of the slip shoe 26.

To adapt the device to the different thicknesses of the wall, these sliding members can filter associated with grouting means allowing them to be brought together or d? move them away from the plane
dian of the hopper.

Between each leg 27 and against the internal face of the latter comes
arrange the rolling means.

This means consists of a transverse wall 29 in the sense of a
advancement and for example inclined with respect to the vertical.

This wall is fixed in a known manner to the rear flank of the hopper and comprises at least one opening in which the
fastening means to allow moving away or closer
lower end of surface A or row of bricks
by sliding of said wall relative to the hopper, in
seen to adjust the thickness of the joint joint.

The lower edge of the wall or transverse rolling edge to
the direction of advancement is provided with at least one form year
hollow 30 located between two end projections 3t coming to apply
quer each against an inner face of a tab 27 and on the
surface A or the row of bricks.

The hollow shape 30 allows the formation of the strip of material
pasty on surface A or the row of bricks and projections
31 as well as the connection area of the legs 27 with the pa
tins 26 allow a porous material to be left free
tion of surface A or the edges of the row of bricks for
reasons explained further.

As can be seen in the examination of Figure 5 the edge of the lami
wall 29 has a central projection 32 coming from
also apply to surface A or row of bricks and
of two hollow shapes 30 to divide the spilled pasty product
in front of the wall 29 in two parallel joints separated by
an interval facilitating the distribution of the pezsuse material
when laying bricks.

According to a preferred embodiment, the projection
diane 32 is shorter than the lateral projections 31 which
allows as stated above to carry out a joint willow present
so many two parallel bands separated by an interval of more thickness.

To regulate the quantity of material which flows by gravity to the front of the rolling means or to stop this spill, the orifice 4 is equipped with a valve 33 mounted on pivot 34 and actuated by the user by means of '' an order of the same type as that described above.

This valve angularly movable along an axis transverse to the direction of advance and parallel to the surface A is formed by a metal sheet or other suitable material of rectangular shape coming in the closed position against the edges of the orifice 4 and against the wall 29.

In order to seal the zones of the valve in contact, the edges of the orifice and the wall 29 are fitted with a seal of any known type.

The device according to the invention is particularly suitable for producing and distributing a joint in one or more strips on a row of construction elements, whether the device is designed to be pulled or to be pushed as shown in as an example in Figures 6 and 7.

The present invention described in non-limiting preferential forms can receive arrangements and variants in the field of technical equivalents without departing from the scope of this patent.

Claims (1)

 R1 / Mobile device for distributing a pasty material on a  surface in the form of one or more parallel strips  preferably of equal thickness from one to the other and constant  te for example for the formation of a bonding joint on  a row of building blocks of the type comprising a tré  crumb (2) receiving the charge of pasty material open at its base  to provide a dispensing opening (4) closable by  a valve and provided with guide members on and with respect to the  surface (A) to be coated characterized in that the opening of dis  tribution (4) is associated with a rotary rolling member (5)  or fixed (27) which helps to distribute and adjust the height  or the thickness of the strip (s) of pasty material.  R2 / Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the member  of rotary rolling comprises at least one cylindrical surface  that rotatable transversely to the direction of advancement of the device  reil. R3 / Apparatus according to claim let claim 2 charac  terrified in that it is carried by at least two organs of rou  (1) rotatable on the surface to be coated and of su su diameter  greater than that of the cylindrical surface coaxial with each other  and to the cylindrical surface of the rolling member (5) which  keep the cylindrical surface away from the surface to  to coat, the said rolling members (1) being associated with  guide means (10) formed by a cylindrical shoulder  as the outer side of each of the rolling members (1)  who come to dispose on either side of the surface to  coat.  R4 / Apparatus according to claim 1, claim 2 and the  claim 3 characterized in that the running gear  ment (1) associated with the guide members (10) and coaxial with  the cylindrical surface constitute a rotating roller at the  base of the hopper and partially closing the open bottom of  this to spare the opening (4).  R5 / Apparatus according to claim 3 characterized in that the  bearing elements (1) and guide members (10) carried  by the axis t8) around which the cylindrical surface rotates  that the rolling element (5) are separable elements  to allow by addition of element to adjust their gap  depending on the width of the surface to be coated. R6 / Apparatus according to claim 2 and claim 3 charac  terized in that the cylindrical surface of the lamina organ  ge (5) is shaped like a cylindrical groove (? () limited by  the inclined internal walls of the rolling members for  give it a frustoconical shape facilitating detachment  of the cylindrical surface of the strip of pasty product obtained. R7 / Apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 6 charac  terized in that the rolling member is shaped in two  coaxial cylindrical grooves (15) delimited by an adhesive-  rette (16) of the same diameter as that of the rollers  so that they are obtained on the running surface  two strips of pasty product.  R8 / Apparatus according to the preceding claim characterized in this  that the diameter of the collar (16) is less than that  rolling elements (1) and higher than that of the surfaces  cylindrical so that a line mania is obtained  duction of pasty product having two bands or beads  constant thickness mania separated by one more interval  thin. R9 / Apparatus according to claim 1, claim 7 and the  claim B characterized n this leather two median walls  (17) inclined housed in the hopper connected to their top  are available on both sides of the flange 16, their  lower side being in a circle surrounding partially  the sides of the collar (16) so that the pasty material  contained in the hopper spills on either side d 1  flange (16) in equal quantities in the two grooves (15).  R10 / Apparatus according to claim t and claims 7.8  ct 9 zar ctérisr in c that two walls (18) on either side  tre of the hopper, cut in an arc of a circle surround by  tiellcnt the inclined lateral internal walls of the orga  bearing 1.  R1? / Apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 2 ca  characterized in that a sealed anointing (13) follows  before the profile of the roller is arranged behind it, ra  dial, relative to its direction of rotation. R12 / Apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 2 charac  terized in that the cylindrical surface (s) of the organ  rollers (5) are provided with series of recesses and bosses  (14).  R13 / Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the or-  rolling gane (27) is constituted by a wall (29) soli  mobile and up and down on the wall of the hopper  rear of the pasty product delivery opening (4)  relative to the direction of travel, said wall being provided  at its base of two grooves separated by a projection (32). R14 / Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the  hopper has at least one means of handling and  maneuver allowing it to be loaded and used.