FI92961C - Device for room temperature control - Google Patents

Description

x 92961

Device for adjusting the room temperature

The present invention relates to a device for controlling room temperature by means of thermostats, in particular by means of thermostatic valves of a hot water heating system according to the preamble of claim 1, and to a method for using the same.

In a known device of this type (DE-OS-30 45 753), a pulse wave is transmitted via supply lines consisting of a ring line and ground.

Each pulse belongs to a zone, the location of which in the pulse train-15 forms an address code which is decoded by means of a counter in each zone. A single pulse is transferred zone by zone to the thermal resistors and determines their thermal power.

20 Therefore, only a fraction of the total pulse train time is available for the power transmitted to the zone. This means that the thermal resistor and the control element must be adapted to a relatively large current in order to transfer the required thermal power in a short time. In any case, the number of controllable zones of the main microprocessor is very limited because, for a larger number of zones, the time available for each zone is too short to transfer sufficient thermal power.

In order to take into account the wall temperature, it is better known (DE-PS-3 310 367) to adjust the power in the non-fixed heating phase depending on the constant air temperature setpoint and in the semi-fixed control phase depending on the constant wall temperature setpoint, where the actual air temperature value and the wall temperature increase continuously.

2 92961

The object of the invention is to provide a device of the above-mentioned type, in which sufficient thermal power can be transferred to the thermostats regardless of the number of zones.

This object is achieved by providing the invention with the features defined in claim 1.

In this embodiment, each control device receives a control command corresponding to its own address and stores this. Thereafter, the control device operates independently. In this case, the connected control elements are controlled regardless of which output data is sent by the main microprocessor in the meantime. At the same time, thermal power can be transferred via control lines to each thermal resistor connected via an associated control element. Regardless of the number of zones, the maximum power can be transferred to each of all thermal resistors divided by 100% of that cycle time. The heating current and the load on the thermal resistors are correspondingly lower.

20 Digital output data, ie address and control command, can only be marked according to the supply line voltage and supply line current. These individual bits can follow each other very quickly. In this case, a very large number of control devices can be connected to the supply lines, both in terms of data and power. Storing in a sub-microprocessor allows you to: · also maintain usage in each zone with the latest valid data in case the main microprocessor is left out. In the prior art, on the other hand, the omission of the main microprocessor also results in the omission of the thermal pulses 30 and thus in the omission of the entire control device.

In summary, this results in a device with greater flexibility and which is particularly suitable for practical applications.

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Because the main microprocessor continuously calculates and displays the output data, which may contain other information in addition to the address and command, this setpoint li 3 92961 of each thermostat can be changed both by jump and continuously. The main microprocessor primarily considers the stored setpoint program for each zone. Because these programs override the thermostat's setpoint, the user can set 5 of these setpoints to change the baseline of the programs according to their own preferences. The additional arrangements in each zone are relatively small because the control device and the control element connected to it can be simple in structure.

10

Submicroprocessors can easily convert individual instructions into corresponding switching times and the like.

The voltage ranges are easily accessible, for example by means of a touch-15 tin member, and are easily registered. Because they are located near zero points, they do not cause an interruption in the supplied electrical power.

In a further development of claim 2, the control device only needs to control the variable switching moment. A simple switching transistor is suitable as a control device.

The two-wire system according to claim 3 requires very low wiring and installation costs.

25; In the embodiment according to claim 4, the main microprocessor can also switch on and off the pumps, fans and others from the work unit at the right time, whereby the control follows a data structure similar to that of the thermostats 30.

In a further development of claim 5, a short circuit or break in the vicinity of the thermal resistor can be detected at the right time.

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The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a valve thermostat system and associated control device. with rapid heating, Fig. 5 shows a time diagram of the change of said setpoint 10 relative to the daily setpoint TS with comfort heating in the evening, Fig. 6 shows the change of said setpoint relative to the daily setpoint TS as a function of outdoor temperature T0 to correct the proportionality error of the self-reference value ES is shown, Fig. 8 is a time diagram of the electrical voltage U, with marked voltage ranges, and Fig. 9 shows Fig. a modified embodiment of the device according to n 1.

Figure 1 shows a main microprocessor 1 located in the exchange Z and equipped with a setpoint program memory 2.

The operating pins 3 can be used to provide a hot water heating system; . . for zones I, II and III, to store programs, in particular the times, magnitudes and angles of change. In addition, an outdoor temperature sensor 4 is connected to the main microprocessor 1. The inputs 5 are arranged to supply additional information, for example the indoor temperature, the wind speed, the position of the sun and the like. The main microprocessor 1 has several outlets 6 through which various parts of the system can be controlled, for example recirculation pumps, hot water priority circulation, fast boiler heating, night lighting and the like.

Output 7 is important for this adjustment in question. Through it, the output data D is input to the encoder 8. The output data 5 92961 comprise at least the address of the different zones I, II and III and an instruction indicating the amount of electrical power. However, the input data usually also includes other data, for example, synchronization signals, temperature data-5 and the like. These are digital outputs, denoted in the encoder as current I flowing in the two conductors 9 and 10 of the two-wire system 11. A rectifier 12 is connected to the AC power supply U so that a rectified current 10 in the two-wire system corresponds to Fig. 8. ) does not affect the zero points of the voltage half-waves at all, or (b) provides them with a wide voltage range, or (c) a narrow voltage range. For example, a wide voltage range may correspond to a value of 1 and a narrow voltage range may correspond to a value of 0.

The hot water heating system has a plurality of thermostatic valves 13 located in several zones I, II and III of the house to be heated. There are usually more zones than the indicated number of zones, for example eight. In the application example, each zone corresponds to a room and thus includes only one thermostatic valve. However, several rooms may be connected together, in which case this setpoint must be influenced in the same way, into a zone with 25 more thermostatic valves.

; The thermostatic valve 13 has a housing 14 and a thermostat cartridge 15. The working member inside this cartridge is connected by a capillary tube 16 to a temperature sensor 17 located in the housing 18. When the sensor 17 has a liquid-vapor filling, the temperature-dependent vapor pressure 30 acts on the , because the setpoint spring acts in the opposite direction to the working member. The cartridge has a drive wheel 19, by means of which the own setpoint ES of the thermostatic valve can be changed, i.e. for example the setpoint spring 35 can be adjusted. When the sensor 17 has a liquid filling, the position of the working member in the charge can be changed by means of the drive wheel 19.

6 92961

The sensor 17 is in contact with an electric heating resistor 20 to which a current dependent on the half-wave voltage U shown in Fig. 8 can be supplied via the two-wire system 11 when the contact member 21, for example a contact transistor in the form of a contact transistor 5 The control takes place by means of a control device in the form of a sub-microprocessor 22 to which a decoding device 23 is connected, which can also form part of this microprocessor 22. The decoding device 23 recognizes the zeros of the half-waves U1, generates bits from them and stores the values belonging to the address of the corresponding zone. Based on the information received for this block, the contact member 21 is made conductive. The disconnection time is controlled on the basis of the time-stored instruction data shown in Figure 3. The different blocks correspond to several half-waves. The time for switching on is determined by the fifteen-second time. It is noted that the duration of the connection decreases in the block series d, e, f and g, so that the heating of the sensor 17 can be changed in this way by means of the thermal resistor 20.

20

The housing 18 includes said parts 17, 20, 21, 22 and 23.

The thermostatic valve's setpoint ES, which is set when the heating element is not in operation, is higher than what the user wants during normal hours of the day. Figure 7 shows a brochure. This diagram shows that the self-setpoint is, for example, 23 ° C, while the daily setpoint should be only 21 ° C. This 2 ° C reduction is achieved by means of a thermal resistor 20. The daily setpoint TS thus consists of two components, 30 self-setpoints ES and the electrical power supplied to the thermal resistor 20. When changing the electrical power, the discount changes in relation to the own setpoint. When changing the setpoint, the entire oh-j earvo program is transferred.

35 As it is already necessary to enter the thermal power in order to reach the daily setpoint, this setpoint can not only be reduced in relation to the daily setpoint, but also increased. When the thermal power corresponding to block e of Fig. 3 * is necessary, for example, to reach the daily setpoint value, the setpoint value can be increased by decreasing the thermal power corresponding to blocks f and g.

The control characteristic operating with such an increase is shown in Fig. 4. It shows - starting from the daily setpoint TS - that this setpoint is abruptly increased by 1.5 ° C and later gradually gently returned to the daily setpoint. The increase in the setpoint occurs half an hour before the assumed commissioning time (time 0) and remains unchanged for a further 10 hours after commissioning. Then the setpoint returns linearly within a further hour. The incoming user will find the room pleasantly warm. During the night, the cold potential of the cooled walls is reduced as quickly as possible. The gradual recovery of the temperature 15 takes place virtually unnoticed by the user.

Figure 5 shows the convenience rule as a time diagram. In the evening, this setpoint is gradually increased over a period of three hours, i.e. here between 19 and 22 o'clock, by 1.5 ° C above the day-20 setpoint TS. After this, this increased setpoint remains unchanged, for example until 24 o'clock. The increase takes into account that a person sitting in peace feels a slightly higher temperature more comfortable than a person moving and working. This temperature increase is stopped when the user retires.

•

Figure 6 shows, as a function of the outdoor temperature T0, that the temperature can be controlled by 1 ° C. At an outdoor temperature below -9 ° C, a correction of 0 is obtained. Above + 9 ° C, a correction of 1 ° C is obtained. Between these two outdoor temperatures, the correction temperature rises steadily. In this way, the s-range error of the thermostatic valves is compensated.

Figure 7 shows a graph P of the program flow from 0 o'clock to 35 o'clock. The daily setpoint is 2 ° C lower than the thermostat's own setpoint. In this case, a basic reduction of 1.5 ° C and a correction of the s-area error of 0.5 ° C have been taken into account. It comes true at night. . between 24 o'clock and 4 o'clock a 9 ° C night reduction in relation to 8 92961 self-setpoint, ie for example 15 ° C. This is achieved by vigorously heating the sensor 17. At 4 o'clock there is an increase to the daily setpoint and at 6.30 a further 1.5 ° C increase, as the first user of the room is expected at 7 o'clock.

5 Part h of the curve P thus corresponds to Fig. 4. From 9 o'clock to 7 o'clock, the normal daily setpoint TS is set. This is followed by a gradual increase of 1.5 ° C to increase comfort. Part g of the curve P thus corresponds to Fig. 5. Thus, a cold phase A1, a heating phase A2, a warm phase 10 A3 and a cooling phase A4 are obtained. The duration of the heating phase A2 depends on how much the room in question has been pre-cooled and what heat-storing properties the room and the heating system have.

Fig. 7 shows the branch P1 of the curve along the dotted lines, along which the setpoint rises uniformly as a ramp operation in the heating phase A2.

However, all ramp operations are shown as straight lines.

20 However, they can also consist of small steps.

The entire system is preferably operated at night frequency and at a reduced voltage of, for example, 24V. In one application example, the main microprocessor 1 operated so that every 25 seconds it transmitted new output values to the various sub-microprocessors 22. This data is stored and erased when new data arrives; however, only the data that was last transmitted before the end of the 15-second cycle is used.

30 The main microprocessor can also register the mains voltage and, depending on possible mains voltage fluctuations, change the length of the current blocks (Figure 3). For example, the average voltage U is measured and fed to the main microprocessor 1 via the input 5 si-35.

Fig. 1 also schematically shows how the monitoring device 24 measures the voltage drop in the resistor 25 connected in series with the thermal resistor 20 when power is applied, and when the measured value deviates from a predetermined range, generates an error signal to activate the light signaling device 26. The room user can thus detect an error if the thermal resistor is 5 short-circuited or there is a power failure.

It can be seen from Figure 9 that not only the control devices 22 of the thermostatic valves 15 of the radiators 27 but also the additional control devices 28-34 for the additional unit 10 with the on-off function are connected to the two-wire system li. For example, these auxiliary controls only have the following function: The auxiliary control connects the icebreaker fuse. The additional control device 29 switches on the fuel and / or air supply to the boiler 35. The auxiliary control device 30 connects the recirculation pump 36 15 to heat the hot water heater 37. The additional control device 31, via the control device 38, activates the mixing valve 39 in such a way that the boiler temperature rises rapidly. Auxiliary control device 32 connects a recirculation pump 40 in the supply line. Auxiliary control device 33 can be used to switch on the lighting. Auxiliary control device 34 can operate to connect a fuse. The additional control devices are also controlled by the address included in the output data D and are switched on and off in the same way by a command included in the output data. In a specific heating system, it is only necessary to include the additional control device required for this. The main microprocessor 1 included in the center Z can, of course, control all auxiliary control devices, except the control devices of the thermostatic valves 15; however, these opportunities do not need to be fully exploited.

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It is not necessary to be able to see from above that the thermostat is set to a higher self-setpoint than the daily setpoint. All you have to do is set the thermostat, the scale to correspond to the 2 ° C reduction caused by heating.

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Claims (5)

10 92961 Apparatus for controlling room temperature by thermostats, in particular thermostatic valves (13) for a hot water heating system, each sensor (17) having a thermal resistor (20) arranged therein and having a self-adjusting value controlled by a control element (2) controlling the supply of electrical power to the electric resistors ( 20), wherein the control panel is provided with a main control device (1) with a setpoint control memory, which, depending on the setpoint program and possible additional input values, gives characteristic control commands for supplying electrical power to the thermostats (17, 20), with zones (I, II, III) having different is equipped with one thermostat or several thermostats of the same type, and each zone 15 is provided with a sub-control device (22) for operating the control element, whereby the power supply lines common to all thermal resistors also connect the main control to the sub-control devices (22) of the us device (1) for transmitting control commands, and wherein the output of the main control device is provided with 20 encoders (8) indicating the supply line voltage as a result of digital output data each comprising an address to the zone and a control command, each sub-control device stores a control-25 command corresponding to its own address and, depending on this, operates at least one control element. (22), characterized in that the main control device (1) consists of a main microprocessor and the sub-control devices (22) consist of sub-microprocessors, that the supply lines (9, 10) are connected to an AC voltage source (U) via a full-wave rectifier (12) and that the encoder (8) ) denotes the rectified AC voltage bit by bit in the region of this zero point by the output data (D) of the main microprocessor (1) as voltage intervals (b, c) in two different widths and that the decoding device (23) registers the voltage intervals and their width and outputs that bit. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control element (21) is a contact element which can be switched to the conductive state by means of control devices (11 92961) at a certain switching frequency but with a variable switching duration. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supply lines (9, 10) form a two-conductor system. Device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the additional control devices (28-34) of the switch-disconnected work units 10 are connected to the main microprocessor (1) via a two-wire system (II) and can be activated by Selmoi with output data containing the main microprocessor address and command. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized by an individual value resistor in series with the thermal resistor (20) and a monitoring device (24) which measures the voltage drop across the individual value resistor and gives an error signal when the voltage drop falls below a lower limit value or rises above a higher value. above the limit value.