FI90259C

FI90259C - Drum refiner for grinding or grinding fibrous material

Info

Publication number: FI90259C
Application number: FI885093A
Authority: FI
Inventors: Dag Bergloeff; Johannes Kappel; Emmerich Bernhard; Johann Lileg; Bernhard Rebernik; Sven-Erik Henriksson
Original assignee: Andritz Ag Maschf
Priority date: 1987-11-05
Filing date: 1988-11-04
Publication date: 1994-01-10
Also published as: SE9000613L; JPH01266291A; NO173455B; AT389533B; DE3837757C2; ATA292487A; JPH0429791B2; SE8803990D0; SE8803990L; NO884922D0; FI885093A; SE503362C2; SE9000613D0; FI90259B; FI885093A0; DE3837757A1; NO173455C; NO884922L; JPH02237654A; CA1317499C

Description

1 902591 90259

RumpuraffinOOri kuituainemateriaalin hienontamiseksi tai jauhamiseksiDrum refiner for grinding or grinding fibrous material

KeksinnOn kohteena on laite erityisesti kostean tai 5 vedelia sekoitetun kuituainemateriaalin, edullisesti hake-lastujen, hienontamiseksi ja jauhamiseksi, kasittaen moot-tor ikayt tOisen rumpumaisen roottorin, jossa on ainakin kaksi hienonnus- ja jauhinelementit kasittavaa, roottorin akselin suhteen kallistettua tai taman suhteen likimain 10 normaalina olevaa pintaa, tarkoituksenmukaisesti pyiirivaa, erityisesti katkokartiomaista pintaa, kasittaen ainakin yhdesta, materiaalin syOttOaukosta poispain kasvavat hal-kaisijat ja edullisesti vaakasuuntaisen kiertoakselin ja roottorin vastaanottavan koteion vastaavine sisaseinineen 15 ja sille (niille) sovitettuine vastahienonnus- ja -jau-hinpintoineen, jolloin ainakin yksi, erityisesti suunnil-leen sateittaisesti roottorin akselin suhteen tai likimain tangentiaalisesti roottorin tai koteion vaipan suhteen suunnattu materiaalin sydttdaukko on sovitettu likimain 20 taman koteion keskelle ja roottorin vaipassa ja sita vas-taavasti koteion sisaseinaiia hienonnus- ja jauhinpinnat suuntautuvat molemmille sivuille materiaalin sydttOaukosta poispain kallistetulla tai normaalina olevalla pinnalla, tarkoituksenmukaisesti pyOrivaiia, erityisesti katkokar-25 tiomaisella pinnalla halkaisijoiden kasvaessa materiaalin syOttttaukosta poispain ja viimeksi mainittujen muodostaes-sa molemmille sivuille pain roottorin paatysivujen suhteen avonaisen kulman roottorin akselin kanssa.The invention relates in particular to an apparatus for grinding and grinding a moist or liquid-mixed fibrous material, preferably chips, by means of a second drum-shaped rotor with at least two grinding and grinding elements stacked, inclined with respect to the rotor axis or approximately 10 normal. a suitably circumferential surface, in particular a frustoconical surface, having diameters increasing away from at least one material inlet, and preferably a horizontal axis of rotation and a rotor receiving housing with corresponding inner walls 15 and at least one counter-grinding and grinding device adapted to them. in particular, the core opening of the material oriented approximately rainwise with respect to the rotor axis or approximately tangentially with respect to the rotor or housing housing is arranged approximately in the middle of this housing and in the rotor housing and correspondingly inside the housing. the grinding and refining surfaces extend to both sides of the material core away from the inclined or normal surface, suitably rotating, especially on the frustocarric surface as the diameters increase with the material feeder offset from the feeder port and the latter forming a pressure on both sides.

Useimmille puuaineiden mekaaniseen valmistukseen 30 ennestaan kaytetyille raffinddreille on yhteista vaaka-askelin ympari pyOriva, jauhinlevyilia varustettu kiekko. Tata kiekkoa vastaava vastakiekko, jolle samoin on asen-nettu jauhinlevyja, tehdaan tailOin paikallaan pysyvaksi tai pydrivaksi. Naiden ennestaan tunnettujen suoritusmuo-35 tojen yhteydessa jauhatusrako on kokonaan tai sen suurim- 2 90259 maksi osaksi pystysuorassa tai reunavyiihykkeen alueelta pydrimisakselin suhteen kallistettuna. Koska jauhamiseen tarvitaan jauhinlevyjen suuri puristuspaine, edellå mai-nittu tunnettu suoritusmuoto johtaa suureen materiaali- ja 5 ennen kaikkea laakerikuormitukseen. Taman johdosta raf-finddrin suurin sallittu lapaisymaara on rajoitettu. Tai-ldin vaittamatttiman suuren mekaanisen energian kaytdn yhteydessa, koska etupaassa on hienonnettava ja jauhettava markis tai kosteita tai vedelia sekoitettuja materiaaleja, 10 syntyy jauhatusraossa huomattavat maarat hdyrya. Hyvaa energian hyvaksikayttoa ja takaisinsaantia seka hakelastu-jen tai sentapaisten mahdollisimman esteetOnta sydttda vårten on hyva hdyrynpoisto yhdessa valmistetun tai saadun kuituaineen kanssa toivottava, mika kuitenkin nain suurien 15 syntyvien hdyrymaarien yhteydessa on vaikeaa. Erityisen vaikea on jauhatusraon sovittaminen pystysuoraan tavan-omaisten kiekkoraffinddrien yhteydessa, koska tailtiin on tuloksena kuituaineen osittainen erotus ja syntyvan hdyryn voimakas takaisinvirtaus.Most of the raffinders previously used for the mechanical manufacture of wood materials have in common a disc with horizontal steps and a grinding plate. A counter-disc corresponding to this disc, on which grinding discs are likewise mounted, is made to be stationary or floating. In the context of these previously known embodiments, the grinding gap is completely or at most maximally vertical or inclined with respect to the axis of the pyrimation with respect to the axis of pyridization. Since the grinding requires a high compression pressure of the grinding plates, the aforementioned known embodiment results in a high material load and, above all, a bearing load. As a result, the maximum allowable blade size of raf-finddr is limited. In connection with the use of unquestionably high mechanical energy, because the Maris or wet or liquid mixed materials have to be ground and ground in the front end, considerable amounts of hydride are formed in the grinding gap. Good energy utilization and recovery, as well as possible obstacles to wood chips or the like, is a good dehydration in combination with the fibrous material produced or obtained, which is difficult in the case of such large hydrogens. It is particularly difficult to fit the grinding gap vertically in the case of conventional disc rafters, since the tail results in a partial separation of the fibrous material and a strong backflow of the resulting hydride.

20 Keksintd pyrkii sen johdosta erityisesti seuraaviin paamaariin: materiaalirasituksen pienentamiseen, laakeri-rasitusten vahentamiseen, materiaalin lapaisymaaran lisaa-miseen ja roottorin ja akselin kierrosluvun lisaamiseen seka hdyryongelman ja hdyrynpoiston parantamiseen.The invention therefore seeks in particular to reduce the material stress, to reduce the bearing stresses, to increase the blade diameter of the material and to increase the rotor and shaft speed, and to improve the hydration problem and the hydride removal.

25 Nama paamaarat saavutetaan keksinndn mukaisesti johdannossa kuvailtua laatua olevan rumpuraffinddrin yhteydessa siten, etta materiaalin sydttdaukon ja kasvavat halkaisijat omaavien hienonnus- ja jauhinpintojen valiin on sovitettu likimain yhdensuuntaisesti roottorin akselin 30 suhteen sijaitsevia hienonnus- ja jauhinpintoja rumpumai-seksi tehdyn roottorin vaippaan seka vastaavia koteloon sovitettuja vastahienonnus- ja -jauhinpintoja, seka ak-selinsuuntaisen ja akselin suhteen kallistetun jauhatusraon muodostavia hienonnus- ja jauhinpintoja seka vasta-35 hienonnus- ja -jauhinpintoja on tehty symmetrisesti aina- 3 90259 kin yhden, edullisesti kahden tai useamman tarkoituksenmu-kaisesti roottorin kehaile tasaisesti jaetun, erityisesti likimain sateittaisen tai likimain tangentiaalisen materi-aalin syOttOaukon (-aukkojen) keskitason (-tasojen) suh-5 teen ja akselinsuuntaisiin hienonnus- ja jauhinpintoihin liittyvåt akselin suhteen kallistetut, erityisesti katko-kartion muotoiset, hienonnus- ja jauhinpinnat vaiittOmas-ti, erityisesti yhtajaksoisesti, toisiinsa yhtyen ja esi-merkiksi kulmassa noin 5 - 45°, erityisesti 15°, roottorin 10 akselin suhteen. Jauhinpintojen keksinnOn mukainen suori- tusmuoto varmistaa erityisen tehokkaan kuidutuksen edis-tSen samanaikaisesti hdyrynpoistoa ja vahentaen materiaa-lirasitusta, pienentaen laakerirasituksia, lisaten materi-aalin lapikulkua ja kohottaen roottorin kierroslukua, jol-15 loin nyt mahdollistettu materiaalin esihienonnus akselin-suuntaisissa jauhatusraoissa ja naiden rakojen erityinen muuntuma akselin suhteen kallistetuiksi jauhatusraoiksi edistaa erityisesti hienonnustyfitå. Samaan suuntaan vai-kuttaa lisaksi se, etta vastahienonnuspinnat on sovitettu 20 yhdelle tai kahdelle toisistaan riippumattomasti siirty-vaile staattorirenkaalle. KeksinnOn mukaiset rumpuraffi-nOOrit soveltuvat erityisesti TMP:n (thermomechanical pulp) ja CTMPrn (chemical thermomechanical pulp) valmis-tukseen. KeksinnOn mukaisesti jaetaan sateittaisesti syO-25 tetyt hakelastut tai sentapaiset, sen jaikeen kun ne on ensiksi edullisesti esihienonnettu vaakasuuntaisessa jau-hatusraossa, symmetrisesti molempiin suuntiin, minka jaikeen liittyvassa kaltevassa, edullisesti saadettavasti kallistetussa, erityisesti kartiomaisessa ja mahdollisesti 30 suunnilleen normaalina roottorin akselin suhteen olevassa jauhatusraossa tapahtuu puun tai sentapaisen erityisen tehokas kuidutus, ja lisaksi edistetaan hOyrynpoistoa.According to the invention, these headings are achieved in connection with a drum reader of the quality described in the introduction, in that a selection of grinding and grinding surfaces - and grinding surfaces, as well as grinding and grinding surfaces forming an axial and axially inclined grinding gap and counter-grinding and grinding surfaces are made symmetrically at least 3 90259 at least one, preferably two or more suitably evenly distributed on the circumference of the rotor, in particular with respect to the central plane (s) of the feed opening (s) of the approximately rainy or approximately tangential material and the axially inclined, in particular frustoconical, fines associated with the axial grinding and refining surfaces; The grinding and refining surfaces are aligned, in particular, continuously, coinciding with each other and, for example, at an angle of about 5 to 45 °, in particular 15 °, with respect to the axis of the rotor 10. The embodiment of the grinding surfaces according to the invention ensures a particularly efficient defibering process while simultaneously removing the steam and reducing the material stress, reducing the bearing stresses, increasing the blade travel of the material and increasing the rotational speed of the rotor. the transformation into axially inclined grinding gaps promotes in particular the grinding efficiency. In the same direction, it is furthermore influenced by the fact that the counter-grinding surfaces are arranged on one or two stator rings which move independently of one another. The drum refiners according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of TMP (thermomechanical pulp) and CTMPr (chemical thermomechanical pulp). According to the invention, rain-fed wood chips or the like are divided, the first when preferably pre-comminuted in a horizontal grinding slot, symmetrically in both directions, in a sloping, preferably obtainably inclined, in particular conical and possibly approximately normal rotor particularly efficient defibering of wood or the like takes place, and in addition steam removal is promoted.

Edullisesti kallistetuille hienonnus- ja jauhin-pinnoille on mahdollisesti liitetty vaiittOmasti, erityi-35 sesti yhtajaksoisesti, toisiinsa yhtyen hienonnus- ja jau- 4 90259 hinpinnat, jotka muodostavat kallistettujen hienonnuspin-tojen kulmaan verrattuna suurennetun kulman, erityisesti låhes tai noin 90°, roottorin akselin suhteen.Preferably, the inclined grinding and refining surfaces are optionally connected to each other, in particular simultaneously, by interconnecting the grinding and grinding surfaces, which form an increased angle, in particular close to or about 90 °, of the rotor shaft relative to the angle of the inclined grinding surfaces. regarding.

Annosteluun voidaan erityisesti vaikuttaa ja sitå 5 voidaan saåtåå siten, ettå akselin suhteen kaltevat tai normaalina olevat jauhatusraot ovat såadettåviå, jossa tarkoituksessa esim. vastahienonnus- ja -jauhinpintoja on sovitettu yhdelle, erityisesti ainakin kahdelle toisistaan riippumattomasti, kotelossa suunnilleen vaakasuuntaisesti 10 siirtyvaksi sovitetulle staattorirenkaalle. Jauhatusraon sååto on tarkea aineen ominaisuuksien sSadGlle.In particular, the dosing can be influenced and obtained in such a way that the grinding slots inclined relative to the axis or normal are adjustable, for which purpose e.g. counter-grinding and grinding surfaces are arranged on one, in particular at least two, independently statically arranged stators in the housing. The yield of the grinding gap is important for the sSadG of the properties of the substance.

Jauhatusraon edullinen sååtd voidaan toteuttaa myds siten, etta erityisesti ainoastaan yhden ainoan siirtyvan staattorirenkaan ollessa kyseessa roottori on laakeroitu 15 molemmilta sivuilta laakereissaan siirtyvaksi, erityisesti uivasti. Sellaisen uivan laakeroinnin toteuttamiseksi roottori voi edullisesti olla laakeroitu aksiaalisesti siirtyvasti liukulaakeriin, jolloin erityisesti tåman liu-kulaakerin ja roottorin vastaanottavan kotelonsisustan 20 vaiissa tiivistysyksikko, erityisesti liukurengastiiviste, ympårdi roottorin akselia laakerin pesåssa. Materiaalin tuonti voidaan muotoilla erityisen edullisesti, kun suunnilleen laitteen ja sen kotelon poikittaisaksiaaliseen keskitasoon on akselinsuuntaisten hienonnus- ja jauhinpin-25 tojen vdliin sovitettu rengasmainen materiaalin sydttdra-ko, joka on yhteydesså roottoria ulkopuolelta ympårOivåån rengastilaan kotelon sisallå, johon aukeavat erityisesti likipitåen tangentiaaliset tai likipitåen sateittåiset materiaalin syGttOaukot (-aukko).The preferred setting of the grinding gap can be realized in such a way that, in particular in the case of only a single movable stator ring, the rotor is mounted 15 on both sides so as to be displaceable in its bearings, in particular floating. In order to carry out such a floating bearing, the rotor can advantageously be axially displaceably mounted on a plain bearing, the sealing unit, in particular a mechanical seal, enclosing the rotor shaft in the bearing housing, in particular in the case of this Liu ball bearing and the rotor receiving housing 20. The material inlet can be shaped particularly advantageously when an annular groove of material is arranged approximately in the transverse axial median plane of the device and its housing, between the axial grinding and refining surfaces, in connection material ignition openings (opening).

30 Edelleen keksinnOn eråån suoritusmuodon mukaisesti on kotelon molempien pååtyseinien alueelle akselinsuuntai-silla ja akselin suhteen kallistetuilla sekå mahdollisesti roottorin akselin suhteen likimain normaalina olevilla hienonnus- ja jauhinpinnoilla varustetun roottorin molem-35 min puolin sovitettujen vierintålaakereiden låheisyyteenAccording to a further embodiment of the invention, there are roller bearings arranged in the region of both end walls of the housing on both sides of the rotor, which are arranged on both sides of the rotor with axial and axial inclination and possibly approximately normal grinding and refining surfaces with respect to the rotor axis.

IIII

5 90259 sovitettu ontelotilat, joihin erityisesti kartiomaiset ja normaalina olevat hienonnus- ja jauhatusraot aukeavat. Jauhettava aine paasee siten rumpuraffinOOrin koteion nOin muodostettuihin sisatiloihin ja voidaan sen vuoksi poistaa 5 yhdessa syntyvan hOyryn kanssa. HOyrynpoisto siis helpot-tuu ja hOyrynpoistolaitteet tulevat mahdollisiksi. HOyryn syntya ajatellen suljetaan edelia mainitut ontelotilat tarkoituksenmukaisesti molempien laakereiden suhteen root-torin ja laakereiden valiin laakerin pesSSn roottorin puo-10 leile sijoitetuilla erityisilia tiivistysyksikOilia hOyry- tiiviisti. Naissa onteloissa on edullisesti alhaalla hie-nonnetun materiaalin poistoaukkoja.5 90259 fitted cavities into which, in particular, the conical and normal grinding and grinding slots open. The substance to be ground thus enters the internally formed spaces of the housing of the drum refiner and can therefore be removed together with the vapor generated. Thus, dehumidification is facilitated and steam removal devices become possible. With a view to the formation of the hydrol, the aforementioned cavities are expediently sealed with respect to both bearings by means of special sealing units located in the rotor halves of the bearing housing and the bearings. The female cavities preferably have lower outlets for the finely ground material.

KåytannOn kannalta saadaan erityisen edullinen rat-kaisu aikaan, kun rumpumaiseksi tehty, vaipaltaan likimain 15 yhdensuuntaisesti akselinsa suhteen suuntautuvilla hienonnus- ja jauhinpinnoilla ja niihin molemmilla sivuilla liittyvilia hienonnus- ja jauhinpinnoilla, joilla on materiaalin syOtOstS poispdin kasvavat halkaisijat, ja mahdol-lisesti roottorin akselin suhteen likimain normaalina ole-20 villa hienonnus- ja jauhinpinnoilla varustettu roottori on laakeroitu tahan kiinteasti yhdistetyn kiertoakselin vaii-tykselia liukulaakereihin ja tailOin on kaynnistystapahtu-maa vårten sovitettu erityinen kaynnistysmoottori, erityisesti tasavirtamoottori, ja etta paamoottorin kayttOkier-25 rosluvuksi on suunniteltu noin 50 - 60 r/s tayden kuormi-tuksen yhteydessa. Tama kaynnistysmoottori voidaan sovit-taa staattoriakselin vapaaseen paahan; se tarvitsee oleel-lisesti vahemman tehoa kuin rumpuraffinOOrin kayttOOn tar-vittu paamoottori; kaynnistyshuippu saadaan siten pienem-30 maksi. RumpuraffinOOrin keksinnOn mukainen suoritusmuoto sallii myOs sentyyppisten suurien laitteiden kaytOn kier-rosluvuilla jopa 60 r/s.From the point of view of use, a particularly advantageous solution is obtained when the drum-shaped grinding and grinding surfaces, which are approximately 15 parallel to their axis and their associated grinding and grinding surfaces have an axially increasing material diameter, have increased the diameters of the material feeder, and a rotor with approximately normal wool grinding and grinding surfaces is mounted on the sliding bearings of any fixedly connected rotary shaft and a special starter motor, in particular a DC motor, is adapted for the start-up event. / s at full load. This starter motor can be fitted to the free end of the stator shaft; it requires substantially less power than the main engine required to use the drum refiner; the start peak is thus obtained at a lower maximum. The embodiment of the drum refiner according to the invention also allows the use of such large devices at speeds of up to 60 r / s.

Akselinsuuntaisiin jauhatusrakoihin liittyvien kat-kokartion muotoisten jauhatusrakojen asemesta voidaan so-35 vittaa myOs pyOrivien pintojen toisenlaisen muodon omaa- 6 90259 via, esim. pyOråhdysparaboloidisia, pyOrShdyshyperboloi-disia ja sentapaisia, jolloin tosin nSiden pintojen hal-kaisijoiden tSytyy kasvaa akselinsuuntaisiin jauhinpintoi-hin liittymiskohdasta lahtien, edullisesti yhtajaksoises-5 ti, roottorin paatysivuja kohti tavoiteltujen vaikutusten varmistamiseksi materiaalin lapikulun osalta.Instead of the frustoconical grinding slots associated with the axial grinding slits, a different shape of myOs rotating surfaces can be adapted, e.g. , preferably in a continuous period, to ensure the desired effects on the end sides of the rotor with respect to the blade travel of the material.

Sinansa on jo tullut tunnetuksi sellainen raffi-nOOri, jossa kartiomainen akselitappi on varustettu kehai-taan eripituisilla rouhintangoilla ja sovitettu kotelon 10 kartiomaiseen sisatilaan, jonka sisaseinå kannattaa vas-taavia vastatankoja, niin etta tulokseksi saadaan 1 - 2 mm suuri jauhatusrako. Materiaalin syttttti tapahtuu koneen yhdelta sivulta akselitapin alueelta. Taman raffinttttrin teho on epatyydyttava, koska materiaalin syttttO tapahtuu 15 ainoastaan yhdelta sivulta ja vaiittOmasti akselin lahei-syydessa suoraan kartiomaiseen jauhatusrakoon. Tyydyttava kuidutus ja riittava jauhatusteho eivat ole siten saavu-tettavissa. Sama patee tunnettujen kartiomyllyjen osalta.It has already become known that a Raffi number in which a conical shaft pin is provided with roughing bars of different lengths and is fitted in a conical interior of the housing 10, the inner wall of which supports corresponding counter-bars, results in a grinding gap of 1 to 2 mm. The material is ignited from one side of the machine in the area of the shaft journal. The performance of this refiner is unsatisfactory because the material is ignited only from one side and silently in the vicinity of the shaft directly into the conical grinding slot. Satisfactory defibering and sufficient grinding power are thus not achievable. The same is true for known cone mills.

Edelleen on tekniikan tunnettua tasoa mikrohajotin, 20 jonka yhteydessa ainetta sydtetaan kuljetuskierukan vaii-tykselia keskelta ylhaaita yhdensuuntaisesti seulasiipi-pyttran akselin suhteen sijaitseviin jauhatusvasaroihin, jotka muodostavat taman akselin suhteen samansuuntaisesti sovitetun raon taman siipipyOrén vastaanottavan kotelon 25 kanssa, jossa on sisaseinaiiaan pienia uria. Tassa rinnak-kaisraossa jauhettu aine siirtyy ulkoa sisaanpain jauha-tusvyOhykkeesta tulevan ilmavirran kantamana ja kulkee tailOin edelia mainitun seulasiipipyOran lapi. Tassa ero-tettu karkea aine paasee taman jaikeen takaisin jauhatus-30 vybhykkeeseen. Kaksi molemmille sivuille myllynakselille sovitettua puhallinpydraa tuottaa vaadittavan ilmavirran. Siita huolimatta, etteivat kartiomaiset jauhatusraot tai sentapaiset tassa tunnetussa suoritusmuodossa liity akselinsuuntaisiin jauhatusrakoihin, se ei ole sopiva hakelas-35 tujen tai muiden kosteiden kuitumateriaalien kasittelyyn,Furthermore, there is a prior art microscatterer 20 in which the substance is injected from the center of the conveyor coil to the grinding hammers parallel to the axis of the screen vane, which form a slot parallel to the axis, receiving a groove in which the vane 25 is received. In this parallel gap, the ground material moves from the outside, carried by the air flow from the milling zone, and passes through said sieve impeller. The coarse material separated here passes this fraction back to the grinding zone. Two fan heads fitted on each side of the mill shaft produce the required airflow. Although conical grinding slots or the like in this known embodiment are not associated with axial grinding slots, it is not suitable for handling chipped or other wet fibrous materials.

IIII

v 90259 mihin myOtavaikuttaa viela sen erityisen suurikokoinen rakenne.v 90259 which is further affected by its particularly large structure.

Piirustuksen yhteydessa selitetaan keksinnOn suo-ritusesimerkkeja, erityisesti rumpuraffinOGria, joka on 5 tarkoitettu puuhiokkeen valmistamiseksi hakelastuista.In connection with the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described, in particular drum refining, for the production of wood chips from wood chips.

TailGin esittaa: kuvio 1 aksiaalileikkausta kuvion 2 viivan A-B rau-kaisesti, kuvio 2 paatykuvantoa, 10 kuvio 3 leikkausta kuvion 1 tason C-D mukaisesti kuvion 1 esitykseen verrattuna yksityiskohtana ja kuvio 4 vastaavaa leikkausta tason E-F mukaisesti jalleen suurennettuna yksityiskohdan esityksena.TailGin shows: Fig. 1 a axial section along the line A-B in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 a end view, Fig. 3 a section according to the plane C-D of Fig. 1 compared to the view of Fig. 1 in detail and Fig. 4 a corresponding section according to the plane E-F in an enlarged detail.

Kuvio 5 esittaa eraan muunnelman vieia edelleen 15 suurennettua yksityiskohtaa vastaavana leikkauksena kuin kuviossa 4.Fig. 5 shows a variation of the further 15 enlarged details in a section similar to Fig. 4.

Kuviot 6-8 esittavat muunnetun jauhatusraon ja uivan roottorin laakeroinnin kasittavaa muunnelmaa aksiaa-lileikkauksena seka etu- ja sivukuvantona.Figures 6-8 show an axial section of the modified grinding gap and floating rotor bearing in axial section as well as a front and side view.

20 Kuvioiden 1-5 mukaisesti on edullisesti vaaka- suuntaisesti jaettuun raffinGGrikoteloon 1 laakeroitu sy-linterimainen roottori 2 molemmilta sivuilta laakereihin 3, 4, jolloin halkaisijan, kapasiteetin ja kierrosluvun mukaan voidaan kayttaa vierinta- tai liukulaakereita, eri-25 tyisesti kippisegmenttiliukulaakereita. Taile roottorille 2 on sovitettu jauhinlevyt 6 ja 7, jolloin sylinterimaista vaippaosaa pitkin sovitettujen tarkoituksena on hakelastu-jen esihienontaminen (jauhinlevyt 6) ja roottorinakselin kanssa kulman muodostavien tehtavana on kuiduttaminen (ja-30 uhinlevyt 7). Jauhinlevyjen 7 muodon avulla saadaan jauha-tusvyGhykkeen kaltevuudeksi vaakatason suhteen 5 - 45°, edullisesti 15°.According to Figures 1-5, a cylindrical rotor 2 is preferably mounted on the horizontally divided raffin housing 1 on both sides of the bearings 3, 4, whereby depending on the diameter, capacity and speed, rolling or plain bearings can be used, in particular tilt segment plain bearings. Grinding plates 6 and 7 are arranged on the tail rotor 2, the purpose of which arranged along the cylindrical casing part being to pre-grind the chip chips (grinding plates 6) and the function of forming the angle with the rotor shaft is to defiberize (and 30 grinding plates 7). By means of the shape of the grinding plates 7, the inclination of the grinding zone is 5 to 45 ° with respect to the horizontal, preferably 15 °.

Kahdelle jauhatusraon saatamiseksi vaakasuunnassa siirtyvaile staattorirenkaalle 8 on sovitettu vastajauhin-35 levyt 9 ja 9', jotka ovat yhteistoiminnassa jauhinlevyjen 7 kanssa.In order to obtain two grinding slots in the horizontally moving stator ring 8, counter-refiner-35 plates 9 and 9 'are arranged, which co-operate with the refiner plates 7.

β 90259β 90259

Kuvio 3 ja 4 esittavat jonkin verran suurennetussa mittakaavassa jauhinlevyalueen yksityiskohtien poikkileik-kauksia, kuvio 3 akselin suuntaiselta alueelta, kuvio 4 katkokartion alueelta. Kuvion 4 mukaisesti voidaan ulom-5 pien jauhinlevyjen 9 vastaruotteet 17 vahvistaa poikkilis-toilla tai poikkiruoteilla 18. NSma listat tai ruoteet 18 on sovitettu kuitumateriaalin pidattamiseksi, siis sen viipymisajan lisSåmiseksi jauhatusvydhykkeessa. Katkokar-tioalueen sisempi jauhinlevy 7 voi olla muodostettu seg-10 menteista 7' (kuvio 4). Sellaisen suoritusmuodon kaytan-tOOn erityisesti sovellettuine kokosuhteineen esittaa kuvio 5, tosin ainoastaan osittain osoitettuine poikkilis-toineen 18. Lukitusjatkeet 19 on sovitettu vastaaviin, vasaranpSSn muotoisen poikkileikkauksen omaaviin roottori-15 uriin 20.Figures 3 and 4 show, on a somewhat enlarged scale, cross-sections of details of the refining plate area, Fig. 3 from the axial area, Fig. 4 from the area of the truncated cone. According to Fig. 4, the counter-products 17 of the outer grinding plates 9 can be reinforced with cross-strips or cross-ribs 18. The strips or ribs 18 are adapted to retain the fibrous material, i.e. to increase its residence time in the grinding zone. The inner refining plate 7 of the frustoconical area may be formed of segments 10 '(Fig. 4). The use of such an embodiment with its specially applied aspect ratios is shown in Fig. 5, albeit with only partially indicated cross-members 18. The locking extensions 19 are arranged in corresponding rotor-grooves 20 with a cross-section in the shape of a hammer pSS.

Hakelastujen sytttttt tapahtuu, erityisesti kierukan avulla, tassa esimerkissa sateittaisesti yhden - neljan kehaiia olevan materiaalin syOttOaukon 10 kautta. Hakelas-tut esihienonnetaan vaakasuuntaisessa jauhatusraossa 11 ja 20 jaetaan symmetrisesti molempiin suuntiin. Vaakatason suh- teen kallistetussa, saadettavassa jauhatusraossa 12 tapahtuu puun kuidutus. Jauhettava aine paasee taålta sitten raffinddrikotelon 1 sisatilaan 13 ja poistetaan kohdasta 14 syntyvan hOyryn keralla.In this example, the chips are ignited, in particular by means of a spiral, rainily through one to four circumferential material inlets 10. The chips are pre-chopped in the horizontal grinding slot 11 and 20 are divided symmetrically in both directions. In the horizontally inclined, obtainable grinding gap 12, wood is defibered. The substance to be ground then escapes from behind into the interior space 13 of the raffinder housing 1 and is removed with the steam generated at point 14.

25 Laakerit on tiivistetty tiivistysyksikdiden 15 va- litykselia raffinttttrikotelossa esiintyvalta hOyrylta.25 The bearings are sealed by means of sealing units 15 from a steam present in the refinery housing.

Vapaaseen akselinpaahån 16 voi olla asennettu moot-tori, edullisesti tasavirtamoottori, jolla on oleellisesti pienempi teho kuin paamoottorilla, niin etta kaynnistys-30 virtahuippu pienenee.The free shaft shaft 16 may be fitted with a motor, preferably a DC motor, having a substantially lower power than the main motor, so that the current peak of the start-up 30 is reduced.

Tamån olemassa oleviin raffinOOreihin verrattuna muunnetun suoritusmuodon ansiosta raffinOdria voidaan kay-ttaa kierrosluvuilla jopa 60 r/s.Thanks to this modified embodiment compared to existing refiners, raffinOd can be operated at speeds of up to 60 rpm.

Keksintoa voidaan edullisesti kayttaa mytts pysty-35 suorassa olevan roottoriakselin omaavien raffinddrien yh- 9 90259 teydessa. MyOs mulden kuitumateriaalien kuin puun hienon-tamlnen on slten hyvin suoritettavissa, jolloin tarvit-taessa esihienonnettuun materiaaliin on lisattava vetta tai muita nestelta.The invention can advantageously be used in conjunction with raffinders having a vertical rotor shaft. MyOs mulden fibrous materials such as wood can be finely ground, in which case water or other liquids must be added to the pre-chopped material if necessary.

5 KeksinnOn mukaisesti saadaan alkaan huomattava ma- terlaallrasltuksen vahenemlnen ennestaan tunnettuihin raf-finOOreihin ja sentapalslln verrattuna, jolloin laakeri-rasitus pienenee ja laakereiden elinika pitenee. Materiaa-lin lapikulkua on sen vuoksl mahdollista lisata.According to the invention, a considerable reduction in material stress is obtained compared to previously known raf-fins and sentapals, whereby the bearing stress is reduced and the bearing life is extended. It is therefore possible to increase the material flow of the material.

10 Kuvioiden 6-8 mukainen suoritusmuoto eroaa edelia selitetysta ennen kaikkea materiaalin syOttOtavan, erikoi-sen roottorin laakeroinnin seka muunnetun staattorin saa-dOn osalta. Vastaavat osat on varustettu samoilla viite-numeroilla kuin kuvioissa 1-5.The embodiment according to Figures 6-8 differs from the one described above, above all with regard to the material-feeding, special rotor bearing and the availability of the modified stator. The corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in Figures 1-5.

15 MateriaalinsyOttO tapahtuu tailOin kahdessa kohdas- sa 110' suunnilleen tangentiaalisesti roottorlin 102 nah-den rengastilaan 110", josta materiaali paasee sltten jau-hinlevyille tai sentapaisille. Roottorin 102 akselinpaat 116' ja sen mukaisesti itse roottori 102 on tassa laake-20 roitu uivasti. Tata tarkoitusta vårten on laakereihin 201 ja 202 sovitettu hydrostaattiset liukulaakerit 203 ja 204. Laakerit on jalleen tiivistetty tiivistysyksikOilia 115' raffinOOrikotelossa 101 esiintyvaa hOyrya vastaan. Kak-soisnuolella 205 osoitetaan edelia kuvaillun roottorin 25 laakeroinnin vaiitykselia mahdollistettu roottorin Hike ja roottorin uiva laakerolnti. Kun myOs tassa tapauksessa voi riittaa ainoastaan staattorin saadettavyys, on myOs esilia olevassa tapauksessa molempien staattoreiden 1, 1' ja sen mukaisesti niihin kiinnitettyjen jauhinlevyjen tai 30 sentapaisten 206, 207 saatO mahdollistettu; naissa jauhin-levyissa tai sentapaisissa on katkokartion muotoisten osien 208, 209 ohella osat 210, 211, jotka sulkevat roottorin akselin kanssa vaiilleen suuremman kulman kuin osat 208, 209, siis melkein 90°. Yhdessa naiden osien 210, 211 35 kanssa toimivat lisaksi jauhinlevyt 212, 213, jotka si- 10 90259 jaitsevat samoin kuin osat 210, 211 jyrkasti roottorin akselin suhteen ja ovat erityisien renkaiden 214, 215 kan-nattamat, jotka on yhdistetty roottoriin 102.The material is fed at two points 110 'approximately tangentially to the annular ring space 110 "of the rotor 102, from where the material passes onto the powder discs or the like. The shaft heads 116' of the rotor 102 and accordingly the rotor 102 itself are floating in this way. For this purpose, hydrostatic plain bearings 203 and 204 are fitted to the bearings 201 and 202. The bearings are again sealed against the steam present in the refining unit 115 'in the refiner housing 101. The double arrow arrow 205 In this case, only the availability of the stator may be sufficient, in the present case myOs is possible to obtain both the stators 1, 1 'and the grinding plates or similar 206, 207 attached thereto, the female grinding plates or the like having, in addition to the frustoconical parts 208, 209, a part t 210, 211, which enclose a greater angle with the rotor shaft than the parts 208, 209, i.e. almost 90 °. In addition to these parts 210, 211 35, there are grinding plates 212, 213 which, like parts 210, 211, divide sharply with respect to the axis of the rotor and are supported by special rings 214, 215 connected to the rotor 102.

Staattoreiden 1, 1' ja siten jauhinlevyjen tai sen-5 tapaisten 206, 207, 210, 211, mutta myOs sylinterimaisiksi muotoiltujen jauhinlevyjen saatO, tapahtuu vastaavalla tavalla kuin kuvioiden 1-5 yhteydessa osien 3-5 vaii-tyksella, tassa tapauksessa tosin samanaikaisesti ja vas-takkaisesti kulmaan taitettujen sankojen 218 vaiitykselia, 10 joita taas tyOnnetaan tasaisesti asetuselimien 7-9 avul-la. Uivasti laakeroidun roottorin huomioon ottaen olisi tailOin myOs ainoastaan yhden staattorin saatO ajatelta-vissa. Toinen staattori on silloin laakeroitu siirtymat-tOmasti koteloon. Jauhatusraon saatamiseksi tarkoitetusta 15 liikkuvuudesta vastaa roottorin vapaa aksiaalinen siirty-vyys (uiva laakerointi).The stator 1, 1 'and thus the grinding plates or the like 206, 207, 210, 211, but myOs cylindrically shaped grinding plates are obtained in a manner similar to that in connection with Figures 1-5 by moving the parts 3-5, in this case simultaneously and the mating members of the oppositely folded brackets 218, which in turn are pushed evenly by means of the adjusting members 7-9. In view of the floating bearing rotor, it would be conceivable to have only one stator. The second stator is then mounted in a displaced housing. The free axial displacement of the rotor (floating bearing) is responsible for the movement 15 to obtain the grinding gap.

Claims

11 90259

A drum refinery, in particular for grinding and grinding a moist or liquid-mixed fibrous material, preferably wood chips, with a motor-driven drum-shaped rotor (2) having at least two grinding and grinding elements which are inclined, inclined with respect to the rotor shaft (7) or a normal surface (210-213), suitably 10 rotating surfaces, in particular a frustoconical surface, having diameters increasing away from at least one of the material cyphite openings (10, 110 ") and preferably a horizontal axis of rotation and a housing (1) for receiving the rotor (2) with its respective inner walls and counter-grinding and refining surfaces (9, 9 ') fitted to it (s), wherein at least one cyphite gap of material directed, in particular approximately rain-relative to the rotor axis or approximately tangentially to the rotor or housing housing (1), is fitted approximately in the middle of this housing 20 and the rotor (2) the grinding and grinding surfaces in the casing and then in the housing, respectively, face both sides of the material core (10, 110 ") away from the inclined or normal surface, expediently rotating the gap, the latter forming an angle at both sides with respect to the end faces of the rotor with the axis of the rotor, characterized in that the grooves of the material inlet and the grinding and grinding surfaces (6) having increasing diameters are arranged approximately parallel to the axis of the rotor (2) grinding surfaces in the housing of the drum-shaped rotor (2) and corresponding grinding and grinding surfaces (9, 9 ') arranged in the housing (1), as well as grinding and grinding surfaces (7) forming an axial and axially inclined grinding gap (7) 1290259 as well as and the refiner surfaces (9, 9 ') are made symmetrically with respect to the central plane (s) of the feed opening (s) (10) of at least one, preferably two or more, suitably evenly distributed rotors, in particular of approximately rainy or approximately tangential material, and the axially inclined grinding and grinding surfaces (7) associated with the axial grinding and refining surfaces (6), in particular in the form of a fracture-10 cone, are silent, in particular continuously, coincident with one another and, for example, at an angle of about 5 to 45 °, in particular 15 °, with respect to the axis.

Drum refiner according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inclined grinding and grinding surfaces are optionally connected in a silent manner, in particular continuously, to the grinding and grinding surfaces (210 to 213) which form an enlarged angle 20, in particular relative to the angle of the inclined grinding surfaces. almost or about 90 °, with respect to the rotor axis.

Drum refiner according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grinding slots 25 (7) which are inclined relative to the axis or which are approximately normal are obtainable, for which purpose the counter-fine grinding and grinding surfaces (9, 9 ') are arranged on one, in particular on at least two stator ring (s) (8) which move approximately horizontally in the housing (1) independently of one another.

Drum refiner according to Claim 3, characterized in that, in particular in the case of a single displaceable stator ring (8), the rotor (2) is mounted so as to be displaceable, in particular floating, from both sides. 35 13 90259

Drum refiner according to Claim 4, characterized in that the rotor (2) is axially displaceably mounted on a hydrostatic plain bearing, in particular in the form of a sealing unit (15), in particular a mechanical seal, in the housing of the plain bearing and the rotor receiving housing.

Drum-raf f inGGri according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an annular material is arranged approximately in the transverse axial central plane of the device and its housing (1) in the direction of the axial grinding and refining surfaces (6, 11, 106, 111). syGt-gutter, which is connected from the outside of the rotor (2) to the annular space inside the housing, into which in particular opens a substantially tangential or approximately rain-like material igniter (syGttGaukot) (10, 110 ").

Drum drum f inGGri according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the region of the two end walls of the housing the axial (6) and 20-axially inclined (7) and possibly approximately normal (210 to 213) grinders and cavities (13, 113) arranged in the vicinity of the rolling bearings arranged on both sides of the rotor (2) with grinding surfaces, in which especially conical and normal grinding and grinding slots open, said cavities being closed with respect to both bearings in the bearing of the rotor and bearing by means of special sealing units (15) arranged on the rotor side, hyry-tightly 30 and preferably preferably at the bottom of the chopped material outlets (14).

Drum-raffinOGr according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the drum-like grinding and refining surfaces (6) oriented approximately parallel to their axis 35 14 90259 and having shredding and refining surfaces (7) associated with them on both sides have the diameters of the material are increased, and possibly the rotor (2) with grinding and grinding surfaces (210 to 218) which are approximately normal to the axis of the rotor is mounted on the rotary shaft of the fixedly connected rotary shaft of the tShSn and has a starting mode. adapted to a special starter motor, in particular a DC motor, and that the operating speed of the main motor is designed to be 50 to 60 r / s at full load. is 90259