FI63706C - SYSTEM FOER SNABBFOERAONGNING AV SPILLVATTEN - Google Patents

Description

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LJ (11) utlAggninosskript οό / ϋο ^ T ^ (51) Ky.ik.3 / Inc.a.3 B 63 B 29/16, B 01 D 1/14 FINLAND — FINLAND (21) Patent application - PacancanaOiminf 753360 (22) ) Hakemlapilvt — AnaBkningsrfaf 27.11.75 (23) Alkuplivl — GiMghtttdag 27 H 75 (41) Become public - MhrK offanttl | ·, 0 - / ** »» **) · registry halls NUlt.vUMlfenen. ________________ '

Flatmt-oeh regitteratyielMfl AnrtMutn utb «d och utlJkrlften puMtorad 29.0U.83

(32) (33) (31) Requested Privilege-Beclrd pHoritet 09.12.7U

USA (US) 530539 (71) National Marine Service, Inc., 1750 Brentwood Boulevard, St. Louis,

Missouri 63lUU, USA (72) Chester H. Walters, St. Louis, Missouri, Harold J. Barmeier, Jr.,

Ballwin, Missouri, Greig E. Sullivan, Marshalltown, Iowa, USA (US) (7U) Berggren Oy Ab (5U) Wastewater Shower Evaporation System - System for spinning water treatment

The present invention relates to a system for discharging wastewater, in particular dome from seagoing ships, in a non-polluting, environmentally friendly manner. More specifically, the invention relates to a wastewater jet evaporation system in which evaporation occurs by injecting wastewater directly into the hot exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, the system comprising means for providing wastewater flow to the exhaust pipe; to detect the presence of a temperature, and devices for preventing the flow of waste water into the exhaust pipe before the corresponding detection devices have detected at least the operation of the engine, the predetermined power of the engine and the predetermined temperature of the exhaust gas.

Systems for the same purpose are previously known from U.S. Patents 1,586,449, 1,921,689 and 3,425,556. Still other examples of prior art are disclosed in U.S. Patents 1,406,950 and 1,425,289 and U.S. Patent 3,628,660 for a floating hood. type, oil and water separation unit.

Attempts are also known in the past to treat human waste in vehicles or ships by evaporating the waste using the engine of the vehicle or ship as a heat source, in particular using an exhaust pipe or exhaust manifold as the heat source. For example, U.S. Patents 2,633,706

Re. 26,891, 3,504,797 and 3,615,010 are illustrative of wastewater evaporation systems using internal combustion engine exhaust as a heat source. The following patents provide additional illumination of previously known systems for treating residential wastewater by evaporating them in the exhaust stream of a vehicle's internal combustion engine: U.S. Pat. No. 2,565,720, U.S. Pat. No. 3,731,490 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,740,773. oil contaminants from the leakage water together with the exhaust evaporator to treat the water thus separated from the oil in a fully automatic and continuously operating manner controlled by a control arrangement, which ensures the safe operation of the system at all times.

The present invention thus mainly relates to a dome water treatment system comprising means for separating oil from dome water before dewatering. Dome water containing oil contamination is drawn by suction into a hermetically sealed floating dome oil separator of the type disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,628,662. As described in this patent, oil is separated from an inflowing dome mixture of oil and water, whereby the separated oil accumulates in the separator below the top of the floating dome due to the different specific weights of the liquids. Depending on the oil content of the incoming cup water mixture and the specific gravity of the oil, the hood rises rapidly or slowly as more or less oil accumulates over a period of time. The suction of the hood water into the separator is maintained by pumping the treated water from the outlet side of the separator, this water is relatively free of contaminants. However, because treated water may still contain small amounts of oil or other dissolved contaminants, removing water overboard is not always desirable and may even be prohibited by law in certain areas. This is not the case with the system according to the invention, which is mainly known from a device for detecting the sequence of events, by means of which the detection of a condition in the wrong order is expressed as a malfunction of the detection system preventing undesired water flow into the exhaust pipe under erroneous operating conditions.

A carefully crafted control system is included in the system and is thought to contribute significantly to the uniqueness of the present invention compared to what is known in the art.

The control arrangement of the present invention includes means for detecting waste fluid level, water pump operation, water flow valve operation, means for detecting engine fuel pressure, sensing engine choke pressure 63706, sensing engine exhaust temperature, sensing separation operation, sensing oil level in the separator hood and positioning the separator hood. These functions are known electrically and electromechanically, which in most cases results in a compact, efficient system that can be designed to make maximum use of semiconductor electronics. The regulating and control devices are arranged to ensure that the leakage water is automatically pumped out during a high leakage condition while the oil is separated from the water and sent to the storage tank at regular intervals and treated water is sent to exhaust evaporation only when the engine is running at full power and the exhaust pipe is hot enough sudden spray evaporation. The removal of treated water overboard is manually selectable by the present invention, and the system is further designed to continuously monitor its own operation, with locks, indicators, and alarms arranged to shut down the system, indicate a malfunction area, and acoustically alert the operator when malfunction occurs.

As more fully described in the detailed description of the invention, the system of the present invention takes full advantage of the self-cleaning ability of a floating dome oil separator by drawing treated water from the separator during drainage until the hood is in its upper limit position (maximum while rinsing the separator unit with pressurized water to remove oil from under the hood to the storage tank and to clean the screens placed in the separator from the oil particles adhering to them. When the separator is filled with water, the oil drains from the hood and this drops to its lowest limit position, which automatically restarts the pumping operation from the separator if the leakage water level is high. The treated water can go into the exhaust piping if the conditions are right for spray evaporation and the choice of this removal method has been made, or the water can be removed overboard.

The leakage drainage system described herein further includes the use of suitable probes and circuitry that allow the various operating conditions of the system to be recorded in a suitable time schedule to form a protocol of system operation and in particular when water is removed through the exhaust pipe and when it is removed overboard.

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The advantages and distinguishing features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention.

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an entire leakage drainage system according to the present invention.

Figures 2a and 2b together form a schematic representation of a system according to the present invention, illustrating in more detail the control and locking arrangement.

Figure 3 shows a preferred form of control panel used in the system according to the invention.

Description of the preferred embodiment

Figure 1 shows an overview of the functional relationship of the various components that make up the system of the present invention. The purpose of this drawing is to give a visual representation of the way in which the system operates as well as an illustration of the various components in question, but apparently it is not intended to be an illustration of the actual structural installation. Similarly, Figures 2a and 2b schematically show the control devices of the system in more detail. However, Figure 3 is intended to represent a preferred control panel arrangement similar to a control panel designed for actual use in the system.

In Figure 1, the control panel unit 10 includes a housing with circuitry behind the panel (not shown) and the panel itself includes a system mode selection knob 11 that allows the system user to select the mode of operation of the leakage drainage system of the present invention. Naturally, a suitable power supply 12 is used and the main switch 13 monitors the power supply to the entire system. For ease of explanation, and unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that the power supply is switched on and the operating mode selector knob is in the "auto" position, i.e. the operation takes place automatically. The control panel 10 also includes a dewatering mode selection knob 14 which, as shown in the figure, allows the selection of treated water dewatering either in the exhaust pipe or overboard. It is currently assumed that the knob 14 is set to the exhaust mode.

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For the purposes of the specification and requirements, leakage means any fluid in the leakage area of the ship. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the system of the present invention may be used in a vehicle other than a ship and even in a fixed installation environment. In situations where the system is used away from the ship, the term leakage water means any mixture that is directed to a separator for further treatment.

The term leakage in connection with a ship's leakage liquid is further intended to include all different mixtures of oil and water. Normally, an oil content of 10 to 25% in a leak is considered normal in a well-maintained ship, assuming the ship is not an oil tanker with cargo detergent in the leak. On the other side of the flood water may increase the oil content to a very high to a point where the water leakage is substantially full of oil. In some cases, the ratio of oil to water varies very widely over a relatively short period of time. The system of the present invention is designed with such extreme cases in mind, and the system is capable of continuously treating leakage water with any relative proportion of oil.

The term "oil" in the broadest sense refers to all liquids having a specific gravity less than that of water which can be separated from water by gravity.The terms "treated water" and "water" alone refer to water from which the oil has been separated or substantially oil-free, in which is less than 10 ppm oil, although this is not intended to be a limiting factor in this case.

When the knobs 12, 13 and 14 are all set as shown in Fig. 1, the engine 15 starts and at some point the ship is brought to full power by setting the throttle pressure regulator 16, which in this case sets the throttle plate of the marine diesel engine in direct proportion to the throttle lever guide setting. The engine fuel oil pressure from pump 17 rises rapidly to operating level when the diesel engine starts. At the same time, the temperature of the exhaust pipe 18 rises to a substantially predictable level and a stable value when the machine 15 is running at full power. The exhaust pipe temperature under these conditions is normally above 300 ° C.

The system of the present invention monitors the operation of the machine and senses the exhaust pipe temperature to determine when exhaust evaporation of the treated water is allowed and when it is not.

This is done by sensors which measure the air pressure in the choke at point 16 via the electrical line 19, the fuel pressure at the machine at point 17 via the electrical line 20 and the exhaust temperature at point 21 via the electrical line 22. The engine and exhaust sensors are electromechanical or electrical and any coupling known to those skilled in the art may be used to enable the sensors to operate and be utilized.

When the machine is operating at full power setting and the exhaust pipe temperature is at a predetermined minimum value which allows the spray evaporation of the treated water fed to the exhaust pipe, the operation of the water pump motor 23 and the pump unit 24 connected to the motor is enabled.

This means that the pump may not be started up yet if there is no treated water to be pumped out or if some other system functions are performed that do not require pump operation. However, if pump operation is desired, as explained below, such as when the leakage water level is high, the machine and exhaust sensors described above will tell the system that the conditions are right for exhaust evaporation. Otherwise, if the conditions are not correct, with the dewatering mode selector knob 14 set to exhaust evaporation, operation of the pump motor 23 is not possible despite the high leakage water level. The purpose of this is, of course, to prevent water from being pumped into the cold exhaust pipe or the hot exhaust pipe when the machine is running slowly or at a standstill, or into an exhaust pipe with insufficient flow of exhaust gases. It is obvious that such situations could be detrimental to the exhaust pipe and the machine. Moving the system mode selector knob 11 to a position other than “automatic” changes the effect of the machine and exhaust states on the pump functions, as explained below, but it is currently assumed that the knob 11 is set to automatically operate the system.

When the machine operation and exhaust sensors all enable the pump to operate the treated water exhaust evaporation operation, the leakage drain system rests until the high leakage level sensor connected by line 26 to the control unit 10 senses that the leakage level exceeds a predetermined level. When this occurs, the sensor 25 causes the circuit of the pump motor 23 to close, allowing the pump 24 to operate, which immediately begins to draw liquid from the leakage area if the machine and exhaust conditions are correct. The pump start light 23 'is lit whenever the pump motor 23 is running. The "high leak water" lamp 25a lights up when the sensor 25 detects that the leak water level is past a predetermined level when the pump motor 23 is not running. The motor 23 is connected to the control unit 10 by an electric line 23 ". The pump 24 continues to operate until the leakage level drops below a predetermined level, which is felt by the low leakage level sensor 25 'connected to the control unit 10 by the electric line 26'.

The exhaust evaporator indicator includes signal lamps 27 and 28.

When the exhaust pipe is at the correct spray evaporation temperature and the machine conditions are correct, the "exhaust evaporation 0K" lamp 28 will illuminate; if the conditions are not correct, as explained more fully below, the "exhaust fault" lamp 27 illuminates.

the oil-water separator 29 in the system is connected to the inlet side of the pump 24 by a treated water line 31, 31 '· The inlet side of the separator 29 is connected to a leakage water pipe 30 extending into the leakage area of the vessel. Normally, the separator 29, lines 30 and 31, and pump 24 are first completely filled with water from a suitable supply source so that the system between the pump and the leaking water is fully supplied with semen. Thus, it is apparent that the operation of the pump 24 draws the treated water from the separator 29 and that at the same time the leakage water is drawn into the separator via the line 30 due to the pressure difference caused by the pump between the leakage water and the pump. A suitable filter screen (not shown) is normally located at the lower end of the tube 30 to keep debris and larger solids away from the separator 29. Suitable non-return valves are also normally located in lines 30 and 31 to keep the semen in the system.

The outlet side of the pump 24 is connected to water pipes 32, 32T which lead to the exhaust spray unit 33 in the exhaust pipe 18. The flow regulator 34 ensures a constant, preset flow rate to the exhaust spray unit 33.

Two water flow control valves 35, 36 are located in the treated water lines 31, 31 'and 32, 32'. Valves 35 and 36 are two-position valves, each connected to three lines for three-way flow control. These valves are referred to as three-way valves and are conventional electrically operated valves whose motor units 37, 38 can be controlled by electrical circuits and switches in the control unit 10 via electrical lines 39, 39 '. The valve brick units 35, 36 can be used to establish a connection from one liquid line to one of the other two lines. When the question is. from the valve 35, a connection can be made with the liquid line 31 and either the water-pressure supply line 40 or the pump inlet line 31 '. The water pressure supply line 40 is usually connected to the vessel's clean water supply and includes a normally closed solenoid cut-off valve 41 connected to the control unit 10 by an electrical line 42. The purpose of the liquid line 40 will be discussed more fully below to explain the discharge oil from the separator. As shown in the drawing, the valve 35 is controlled to a position where a connection is established between the water lines 31 and 31 '. The second position of the valve would connect lines 40 and 31 and close line 31 '. The valve 36 can be controlled to connect the water line 32 to the line 32 'at the outlet of the pump 24 to allow exhaust evaporation or to connect the line 31' and the overflow outlet line 43 while closing the line 32. As shown in the drawing, a flow regulator 43 'is located in the line 43. Valve 36 is manually set to either a first position (exhaust outlet), as shown in Figure 1, where the water lines 32, 32 'are connected to each other, or a second position (overflow outlet), where lines 32' and 43 are connected to each other. The manual selector 14 is used to control the position of the valve 36 to achieve the desired dewatering method, either the exhaust evaporation method or the overflow removal method. Setting the control knob 14 to the overhang position during system operation causes the signal light 44 to illuminate.

The valve position reference sensors 45 and 46 are connected to the valves 35, 36 or their motors 37, 38 and also to the control unit 10 via power lines 47, 48. The comparators 45 and 46 and associated circuits compare the actual position of the valves 35 and 36 to the command position of these valves during each system cycle. If the actual position of one of the valves 35 or 36 does not correspond to the position to which it was commanded by the control unit 10, the entire system is switched off and the system malfunction audible alarm operates. In practice, the system breakdown is implemented by stopping the pump motor 23 and allowing the valve 4l to return to its normally closed position; 63706 9 machine 15 is not stopped.

It is operationally apparent at this stage that when the system is set to automatic operation with the machine continuously operating at full power and the exhaust remaining at the desired temperature, when a high leakage level is known at 25, pump 24 will be activated to draw leakage water to separator 29 via line 30. via line 31, 31 'and to water line 32, 32' for spray evaporation in the exhaust pipe. Alternatively, the treated water can be removed overboard at any time by turning valve 36 to the overboard removal position with the manual selector knob 14.

The lowered dome separator includes a generally closed container 60 with a downwardly located dome or bell member 61 that normally rests on the lower stop elements 62 in its lowest position. A stem 63 is rigidly connected to the top of the dome, which is connected to a counterweight arm 64 outside the container 60, which counterweight arm is pivotally attached to the container structure 60 at 65. The arm 63 extends through the wall of the container 60 in a waterproof fitting. The arm 64 includes adjustable weights 66 that can be adjusted to balance the weight of the dome 61 in the heavier specific gravity liquid to be separated (water in this case) and to adjust the sensitivity of the dome to the oil accumulated below it. The deaerator and vacuum gauge assembly 67 are positioned so that the separator is kept full of liquid during operation. In practice, the air separator is connected to the highest point of the container 60, which is hermetically sealed.

The screens 68 divide the interior of the tank 60 into two chambers, the water to be treated being inside the screens in the chamber 60 'and the treated water on the other side of the screens in the chambers 60 ". The supply pipe 69 extends the leakage line 30 into the tank 60 inside the hood 60 very close to the top of the dome 6l, when it is in its lower limit position, is also placed in the tank.The pipe 70 discharges oil to the oil drain line 70 'when the separator operates to remove the oil 72 accumulated under the dome 6l.

The position of Fig. 6l varies according to the separated oil which accumulates under the hood, the dome rising as the lighter oil pushes it upwards in ras 10 63706 water. When there is no oil, the dome naturally settles to its lower limit position. The position of the dome is known by a unit 76 which closes and opens the respective circuits, generating a signal from the upper and lower limit position of the dome 61 via the electric line 77 in the control unit 10. The drain well 78 allows the sludge to be removed from the bottom of the tank.

The separator sensing unit 79 in the separator chamber 60 'is electrically connected to the control unit 10 via an electric line 80 and continuously monitors the conductivity of the leakage water to be treated in the area below the lower edge of the dome 61. If the oil content of the water in the chamber 60 'in the region of the sensor 79 is past a certain predetermined concentration, the sensor 79 allows the control unit 10 to detect this and shut down the system due to a malfunction of the separator. The isolator error LED illuminates when this occurs, as well as an audible alarm. Unit 79 could also be located at the top of tank 60 or at some other location where the best susceptibility to malfunction is found.

the operation of the oil separator is as follows: the operation of the pump 24 draws leakage water into the separator tank 60 below the dome 6l via lines 30 and 69 when the treated water is pumped out of the chamber 60 ”through the treated water outlet line 31, 31 '. The oil in the leakage water rises to the interface between the water and the hood under the hood 6l, or if it is a fine suspension in the leakage water, collects in the screens 68 until larger oil particles rise towards the top of the hood below it due to different specific weights of oil and water. As the separation operation progresses, a layer of oil 72 is formed which gradually causes the hood 61 to rise to an upper limit position known as unit 76. Until this limit is reached when the system is in automatic mode, treated water is continuously removed from the separator while oil level 72 and hood 61 rise. .

When the unit 76 determines that the hood has reached its upper limit position, the mode of operation of the system is changed to the "oil removal" mode. At this time, the pump motor 23 is stopped, the water flow control valve 35 is automatically moved to its second position to establish a connection between the fluid lines 40 and 31, and the solenoid valve 41 is opened to allow pressurized water into the chamber 60 ”. The non-return valve 82 prevents water from flowing into the leak water space 30 'so that the oil 72 begins to flow out of the line 70, 70' under the influence of the water coming through the line 31.

As the thickness of the oil layer 72 decreases, the dome 61 drops toward its lowest limit position. In the lowest limit position, the sensor unit 76 transmits to the control unit 10 a signal which causes the valve 41 to be deactivated and causes it to return to the normally closed position; the valve 35 is turned back to the position shown in Fig. 1 and the pump 24 is reactivated if a high leakage water level is known at 25 · The system continues periodically in this way as long as it is switched on and all operation monitoring devices feel satisfactory operation of various system elements. Signal light 83 illuminates whenever the system is operating in the "oil drain" mode.

A graphical time-based recording unit 90 is located in the control unit 10. The signals from the various units of the system are combined in the unit 10 to allow recording of when the selector knob 11 is in the r, OFF position; when the system is in "exhaust" dewatering mode while the pump is running; when the pump is not running and when the system is “overflow removal, in T mode while the pump is running. The notation "recorder" in Figure 1 is connected to power lines 39 ', 23 "and refers to the two signal sources to be processed for recording. The third signal is derived from the position switch 11 on the control panel 10. The pump start signal, mode switch signal and exhaust signal the four recordings mentioned above.

The control panel 10 includes an "alarm reset" button 91 that interrupts the alarm tone, while an "alarm reset" button 92 resets the various alarm and sensing mechanisms in the system after the fault or malfunction has been corrected.

When the control knob 11 is set to the "leak water intake" operating position and not to the "auto" operating mode and the water drain knob 14 is set to the "overboard" position, the system operates continuously to remove treated leachate over the edge and regardless of machine operation or exhaust temperature. When the knob 11 is set to the "oil drain" position, valve 35 is moved to connect lines 40 and 31 and valve 41 is opened to cause backflow of water through screens 68 and oil 72 out of separator 29 to storage tank 73. Valve 4l automatically closes when the hood falls to its lower limit position . The knob may also be set to the "OFF" position, which deactivates most of the system. However, when the knob 11 is in the "OFF" position, a high level of leakage water will be indicated at 25a when this situation occurs and suitable other signals may be arranged to be in the active state.

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Figures 2a and 2b together show the system according to the invention in more detail. The same elements are indicated in these figures by the same reference numerals as in Figure 1, the exhaust pipe, exhaust pipe fault, top edge circuits are shown in the housing 100. Input signals to the circuits 100 are obtained from the fuel oil pressure sensor, The position of the exhaust / overhang switch is known via the connecting line 101. Overhead light 44, "Exhaust evaporation fault" light 27 and "Exhaust evaporation OK" light. 28 are connected to the housing 100 via wires 102, 103 and 104. Output signals indicating the position of switch 14 for exhaust evaporation or overflow removal are fed to recorder 90 via line 105. Exhaust evaporation fault signals are transmitted to the alarm circuit housing 110 of the remote display unit via line 106. Exhaust evaporation OK or a capable signal is transmitted through line 107 to pump motor circuit housing 120 and the valve position command signal is transmitted to valve 36 via line 39 '.

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The circuits 100 process the incoming signals and monitor the internal operation of the circuits and the various relays in the circuits 100 in such a way that; r that exhaust evaporation is allowed only when the occurrence of | ie order and a certain group of operating conditions will be maintained. When the engine starts, the fuel oil pressure sensor closes the circuit ("sttlkfea" means the completion of the circuit indicating the presence of a condition known to the sensor) almost immediately, indicating that the engine is running. Circuits 100 then immediately check the condition of the choke air pressure sensor. Since the marine diesel engine cannot normally be started in the full position of the choke, it is necessary! the state of the throttle air pressure sensor must be “open” (the open state of the circuit is not known.) If said sensor is closed when the fuel oil pressure sensor closes the circuit, a malfunction is indicated, which defects circuit i and prevents the pump from If the circuit remains faulty [when the choke position is below full power, a sensor | or circuit malfunction is indicated, however, if the conditions are correct, the fuel: oil pressure sensing circuit will close and the choke air pressure sensor circuit will remain open until the choke is moved The choke air pressure sensor circuit then closes, resulting in the closing of both the fuel oil sensor circuit and the choke air pressure circuit in the correct order, after which the exhaust temperature gradually rises to the desired minimum temperature for injection evaporation.

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The time delay of the circuits 100 having a predetermined duration prevents the transmission of a signal enabling the exhaust evaporation to the pump control circuit until this delay interval has elapsed to prevent transient change conditions from starting the pump and to allow the exhaust pipe temperature to become stable. After the time delay, pump operation and exhaust evaporation are enabled on the circuits via a 1QQ line 107. Of course, if the switch 14 is in the overhang position, the exhaust evaporation signal on line 107 becomes a signal capable of running the pump, and the state of the machine or exhaust does not affect this signal. Exhaust evaporation is thus made capable of operating conditions that indicate that the machine is running at full power. If any of the fuel pressure, throttle air pressure, or exhaust pipe thermal circuits are open, exhaust evaporation and pump motor operation will immediately become incapable.

To protect against the clamping of the exhaust temperature sensor, the circuit 100 checks whether the exhaust temperature sensor remains closed after the choke air pressure sensor has opened after a predetermined time delay. If the exhaust temperature sensor does not open within a certain time after the choke air pressure sensor has opened, the circuits will be defective and exhaust evaporation will not be possible through line 107. Whenever the exhaust evaporator is defective, the lamp 27 is lit. Exhaust Evaporation The OK lamp 28 is on when the exhaust evaporation is enabled. The remote alarm system also receives an exhaust fault signal to give an audible alarm when a fault occurs and to indicate a malfunction. The overflow discharge lamp 44 is turned on when the switch 14 is in the overboard position and the motor 38 of the valve 36 is adjusted and controlled via line 39 'depending on the position of the switch 14 via circuits 100.

The remote alarm unit circuit 110 receives a malfunction signal or alarm signal from the high oil level in the storage tank via line 116 from the high oil level circuit housing 115i and the valve fault signal 131 from the remote control located anywhere on board away from the control panel 10 and where or where a separator malfunction and audible alarm is desired, such as in the wheelhouse or navigating bridge. The engine room horn may be connected to the remote alarm unit circuit housing on line 14 63706 113- Circuit 110 processes incoming alarm or fault circuits to transmit information to the remote alarm unit and indicators 111, 113 shown in Figure 2b.

the high oil level circuit 115 receives input signals from the high oil sensor 74 from the oil tank 73 via line 75 and processes the signals into a high oil output signal via line 116 to make the indicator lamp 75 'current through line 117 when a high oil level condition occurs.

The valve position comparison circuit 130 receives input signals from the valve command signal lines 39 and 40 and the valve position signal lines 47 and 48. These input signals are processed to provide a valve fault alarm signal to line 131 if the actual positions of the valves 35, 36 do not match their adjusted positions. The valve fault lamp becomes energized through line 132 when such a valve fault occurs.

The pump control circuit 120 receives signals from the circuits 100 via line 107 to enable exhaust evaporation; valve fault signals from valve position circuits 130 via line 131; a signal enabling the pump to run from the input-output control circuit 140 via line 141; a signal enabling the pump to run from the leakage water control circuits 150 via line 151; and a separator fault signal circuit 160 via line 161. The output of the pump control circuit 120 comprises a pump control signal which directly controls the operation of the pump motor 23 ', this signal being transmitted by the line 23 "and the pump running signal carried by the line 123 to transmit the pump running signals to the circuits 140 and 150.

The pump motor 23 operates if the manual mode switch 11 is in either the "leak water intake" or "auto" position and the power switch is in the "0N" position, if the signals required for both modes are enabled by the pump, all known in the pump control circuit 120. Otherwise the pump has not been made operational and no run-off or treated water circulates through the system.

In the "leakage water intake" mode, the pump motor 23 becomes capable when the high leakage level sensor 25 senses a high leakage level and non-capable when the low leakage level sensor 25 'senses the minimum leakage level. However, operation of the motor is permitted only if the isolator fault detector 160, the intake-discharge control circuits 140, and the valve position reference circuit 130 all produce signals that allow the pump to run. It is obvious that it is desired to prevent the pump from sucking in air so that a minimum level of leakage water is maintained to avoid this. Whenever the leakage water level falls below the minimum level, pump operation is not possible.

In the "leak water intake" mode, the operating conditions of the machine or exhaust are irrelevant, as the choice of this mode is to allow treated treated water to be drained overboard when the machine is stationary or the exhaust is not otherwise in the correct spray-evaporation mode. Selector knob 14 is normally in the "overflow removal" position when the "leak water intake" mode is selected.

In the "auto" mode of operation of the system, the operation of the pump requires, in addition to the above-mentioned enabling signals, an enabling signal from the exhaust circuit 100 via line 107, the source of this signal and its nature have been described above.

The leakage monitoring circuit 150 receives signals from high and low leakage levels via lines 26, 26 'from sensors 25, 25' in the ship's leakage space. The high leakage signal light 25a illuminates through circuit 152 and high leakage signal 153 transmitted to the remote alarm unit 111 whenever high leakage level 111 is known and the pump start signal is not transmitted via line 123 from the pump control box 120. The leakage water monitoring circuit 150 processes the signals from the leakage water sensors to output a signal enabling the pump to run via line 151 to the pump control circuit 120.

The intake-discharge control circuits in the housing 140 receive input signals from the high and low levels of the separator dome via lines 77 and the stock oil level high signal line 116. Switch 11 is connected to circuits 140 via wires 142. The intake-drain control circuit 140 further transmits valve open command signals, when appropriate, to the solenoid valve 41 via line 42, the oil drain signal lamp 82 is activated via line 143 whenever the valve 41 is turned to the oil drain position and the solenoid valve 4l is opened. This can occur either automatically when the circuits 140 process the input information from the dome level sensors 76 to stop the pump 23-24 and open the solenoid valve 41; or when the manual switch 11 is set to the "oil drain" position, as shown in Fig. 1, which automatically stops the motor-pump unit 23-24 if it is running and opens the solenoid valve 41. In each case where the solenoid valve 41 is opened, the valve 35 is automatically turned by circuits 140 to the oil drain position, which allows a connection between water lines 40 and 31. The leakage water intake lamp 144 connected to the circuits 140 via line 145 illuminates whenever the valve 35 is turned to the "leakage water intake" position. Circuits 140 receive a pump run signal via line 123 when this signal is appropriate.

The system fault and alarm circuits in the housing 160 sense the operating status of the isolator 29 on the probe unit 79 via the line 80. There should be no oil other than a certain percentage in the water just below the hood and above the sieves of the separator 29 if the separator 29 is working properly. A conductivity probe or other suitable means for detecting the oil content of the leaking water in this region of the separator, i. to determine if the oil content is above a certain: range, is used with the relevant circuits 160 to detect and transmit a signal indicating a malfunction or failure of the separator system to stop or prevent operation of the pump 23-24 and to turn on the signal light 8l via line 162. Of course, the probe 79 could also be located at the top of the tank 60 to detect excess oil in the water being treated, which enters around the lower edge of the dome 6l.

The recorder 90 receives information on whether the system is operating due to the "exhaust" or "overboard" water mode 105 connected to the exhaust and overboard circuits 100. The recorder also receives the pump start signal and the manual mode switch 11 position signals, as shown in Figure 2b. As already explained above, the relevant circuits process the incoming signals to form a record of one of the four operation operations at each time, the operating mode switch in the "OFF" position, exhaust removal while the pump is running, pump running, and overflow removal while the pump is running.

Figure 3 shows in more detail the front panel 170 of the control panel designed for use in the control unit 10 of Figure 1. Various optional solutions are of course possible and additional indicator lights can be arranged to indicate such functions.

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17 63706 than machine throttle air pressure OK, machine fuel pressure OK and other indications. The panel is also provided with a lamp test weight button 180 to check if any of the panel lamps are on (broken), which is common in this type of control panels. The other indicators and controls on the panel surface are numbered in the same way as the corresponding parts in Figures 1, 2a and 2b.

The operation of the system will be explained below in connection with the above explanation and drawings. When the power switch 13 is in the "ON" position and the mode switch 11 is set to any position including the "OFF" position, the high leakage level light 25a illuminates whenever the high leakage level sensor 25 detects a predetermined level of leakage water at the bottom of the vessel. nothing in the system works to remove leakage water.However, the recorder 90 stores the fact that the switch 11 is in the "OFF" position.

If the ship's crew wishes to pump out the leakage water and remove the treated water overboard, turn switch 11 to the "leakage water intake" position and turn the drainage control knob 14 to the "overland" position. The pump motor 23 is then activated to pump the leaking water into the separator and the treated water out of the separator and overboard via line 43. The valve 36 is, of course, pivoted to allow communication between the water line 32 'and the top line 43. The pump motor shall continue to run until the low leakage water level is indicated in 25 '; the plane of the dome 61 of the separator 29 reaches its upper limit position; either valve 35 or 36 is not in the correct position or a separator fault is detected by probe 79. Assuming no valve or separator fault, normal operation of the system simply results in leakage water being pumped out, oil being separated from leakage water in the separator unit and treated clean water will be removed overboard either after final filtration or without final filtration. When water is removed over the edge, the indicator light 44 is on and the recorder 90 records the time the top is removed. The pump stops automatically when the leakage water has been pumped out to a predetermined low level and starts again when a high leakage level is detected. If sufficient oil is separated from the leakage water, the position of the hood 61 in the separator 29 reaches its upper limit position, in which case the high leakage water level indicator is switched on but the pump start signal 23 'is not switched on.

18 63706 to remove the oil 72 from under the dome 6l, the user turns the knob 11 to the "oil drain" position »in which case the valve 35 is turned to bring the lines 40 and 31 into contact with each other and causes the solenoid valve 41 to open to allow fresh water inside the separator unit. The release of water from line 40 into the separator flushes the strainers 68 back and causes the oil under the dome 6l to be drained through lines 70 and 70 'to the oil storage tank 73. This causes the dome 61 to settle to its lower limit position when most of the oil has been removed. control circuits 10U to cause the solenoid valve U1 to close and return the valve 35 to the position described in Fig. 1 to establish a connection between the lines 31 and 31 ', during the oil removal operation no water is removed through the exhaust evaporation or the overhead line.

If excess oil is detected by the sensor 79 during any phase of the system operation, the pump motor 23 is stopped and the solenoid valve Ui is closed so that the system returns to the sleep state. Similarly, if the oil level in the oil storage tank 73 exceeds the safe level indicated by the "high oil level" indicator 75 '»the solenoid valve Ui is closed and the valve 35 is returned to the leakage position where it disconnects lines 31 and U0 to prevent further oil removal from the separator 29 always causes the solenoid valve to close, if open, to prevent oil from escaping or the separator from leaking over.

The operation of the system when the knob 11 is set to the "auto" position is as follows. When the power switch 13 is in the "ON" position, the machine starts unless it is already running and the machine choke is turned forward towards the full power position. Assuming that the sequence of events described above for exhaust pipe circuits 100 occurs, exhaust evaporation is allowed when the exhaust temperature reaches the desired minimum spray evaporation temperature and no fault signal is generated in the system.

When a high leakage water condition occurs, the pump is started and the leakage water is drawn into an oil-water separator for treatment while the treated water is pumped into the exhaust pipe for spray evaporation. The pump continues to run, assuming that all signals that enable the pump to operate are generated until a low leakage water level is known, at which point the pump will stop operating and the treated water will evaporate.

When a high leakage level then occurs, the pump cycle repeats itself. Whenever the separator dome 61 reaches a high level of 19 6 37 0 6, the pump is automatically deactivated if it is running and the system enters the oil drain mode, as already described above, rotating valve 35 and opening solenoid valve 41 to allow pressurized water supply to oil-water inside the separator. This causes the oil to drain from the separator to the oil storage tank. which lowers the hood until this lowest limit position is reached and finally causes the valves 35 and 41 to return to their original positions, allowing the treated water to be continuously pumped into the exhaust pipe when the conditions are correct for exhaust evaporation. The dewatering control element 14 can be turned to the "overboard" position when the mode selector knob is in the "auto" position. As a result, the treated water is pumped overboard through the water line 43, regardless of the operating mode of the machine and the temperature of the exhaust pipe.

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Claims (3)

63706 20 A wastewater jet evaporation system, wherein the evaporation is by injecting wastewater directly into the hot exhaust pipe (18) of an internal combustion engine (15), the system comprising means (31, 35, 24, 36, 32, 33) for providing a flow of wastewater to the exhaust pipe, ), a device (20) for detecting machine operation or inoperability, a device (19) for detecting the power level of the machine, devices (21, 22) for detecting the presence of a predetermined exhaust gas temperature, and devices (35, 36) for preventing wastewater from flowing into the exhaust pipe (18) before the corresponding detection devices have detected at least the operation of the engine (15), the predetermined power of the engine and the predetermined exhaust temperature, characterized by a device (100) for detecting the sequence of events and detecting the malfunction of the condition as a malfunction of the detection system; water flow escape (18) under incorrect operating conditions. A system according to claim 1, characterized by means (21, 22) for detecting the predetermined temperature of the exhaust gas over a certain period of time, independently of the other detected conditions, and means (35, 36) for preventing water from flowing into the exhaust pipe (18) before said period has elapsed. A system according to claim 2, characterized by means (45, 46) for ineffecting the devices (31, 35, 24, 36, 32, 33) for generating the waste water flow, unless a decrease in the exhaust gas temperature below a predetermined value is observed in the predetermined interval following the absence of a signal for determining a predetermined level of power of the motor (15), after such a level of power has already been detected and the operation of the devices (31, 35, 24, 36, 32, 33) for the flow of waste water into the exhaust pipe (18) has already been enabled.