FI111053B - Arrangement with drum - Google Patents

Description

111053

Arrangement with drum

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an arrangement for a drum for handling material, the drum comprising a cylindrical body adapted to rotate in its operating position about its axis, the drum axis being substantially horizontal and comprising material lifting means arranged inside the body.

Rotary and cylindrical drums are known for handling material such as various types of crushed earth and soil, whereby the material to be treated 10 can be mixed or washed, for example. For example, washing means treating contaminated soil in a rotating drum, where chemicals are mixed with the material or treated with superheated steam to remove impurities from the material.

Most typically, the continuous drum is formed by feeding material to be treated at one end to the elongated and cylindrical rotary drum. The material travels in the direction of the drum axis towards one end of the drum, where the material is removed after being treated. The inside of the drum typically has screw-like threads that carry the material forward. In addition, paddling blades imparting material are arranged inside the drum for handling. The disadvantage of such drums is the large transport space they require, since the drum is several meters long in the longitudinal direction. In addition, the handling and treatment time produced by the drum is very difficult to adjust because the internal transport means of the drum convey the material at a constant speed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an arrangement whereby the handling time of the material inside the drum can be influenced in a simple manner. In addition, the arrangement allows the drum to be realized: / such that the drum can be used for both continuous and dosing operation. This * * 30 object is achieved by an arrangement according to the invention, characterized in that one or more of the material lifting means fitted inside the cylindrical body is hinged to the said body, allowing adjustment of the lifting means.

The arrangement according to the invention is based on the idea that the lifting means of the material of the 111053 material carrying and wounding the material of the inner horizontal drum 35 are hingedly mounted on the inside of the drum, whereby the angle of the lifting members can be adjusted for various needs. The duration of the treatment can be infinitely variable using the lifting means. Due to the arrangement, the material can be subjected to different types of treatment as required by the material and its possible impurities.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be further described in connection with preferred embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a partially sectioned front view of a drum and an arrangement according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the drum; and

Figure 3 shows a schematic description of an embodiment of the invention in connection with a drum.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a material handling drum viewed from the axis of the drum. The drum is shown in its operating position, i.e. with its drum axis substantially horizontal. The drum comprises a cylindrical body 1 adapted to receive the material to be processed. This body is further adapted to rotate about its axis, and thus modify the material fed into it. The material handling part of the drum is rotated about its axis, for example: by means of rollers, belts or wheels connected to electric motors. Such wheels 2, supported on the outer surface of the cylindrical body, are shown, for example 25, in Figure 1.

The material handling drum comprises a central body 3 fitted inside the cylindrical body 1. The center body is fixedly supported, allowing the cylindrical body to rotate freely around the central body. The stationary centerpiece and the Kap-30 cylindrical bellows are joined by an expansion joint 4, at which the centerpiece and the cylindrical part overlap. The cylindrical body which forms the inside of the material handling space is thus made up of a cylinder whose end portions are open at the center.

The central body 3 is of such a structure that its central part 35, which is located substantially on the axis of rotation of the cylindrical body, is hollow. The hollow of the central body 3 allows the material to be fed through its treatments to the inside of the cylindrical body 1 through the central body. For this purpose, the workpiece is provided with an opening 5 for the material to be processed, which is located substantially in the lower part 5 of the hollow inner part of the workpiece. Through this inlet, feeding material into the drum is simple to accomplish, since the inlet is stationary in the central portion. In addition, openings that can be opened and closed, which are substantially tight, are provided in connection with the inlet.

By way of example, the arrangement according to the invention will be described in connection with 10 drums of the kind set forth above, which thus consist of an outer rotating body and an inner stationary body. However, such a drum design is not fully required to utilize the solution.

According to the invention, a plurality of material lifting members 7 formed by axial plates of the cylindrical body are hingedly mounted on the inside of the cylindrical body 15. Such plates are hingedly attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical body in accordance with the invention such that, as the body rotates, the planar surfaces of the lifting members extend in the direction of movement with the lifting members extending from one end to the other end. The lifting members then effectively manipulate the material in the treatment space by pounding and lifting it as a result of a rotational movement. Of course, not all lifting members need to be hinged. In addition to the hinged lifting members, the inside of the drum may also have fixed lifting members. The hinging of the lifting means 7 of the arrangement according to the invention enables the lifting means to be controlled so that, for example, the material can be dropped off the lifting means at a desired point. In this case, the lifting means can be used to control the material handling time in a versatile manner, allowing for several different types of handling.

30 A drum of the kind shown is used for feeding material; a material feed member, such as a conveyor belt 20, shown in the principle drum cross-section in Figure 2. By using a conveyor belt, the material can be simply moved for handling continuously as the belt feeds material over the hatch, from which it can freely fall into the drum during its handling.

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In addition, the material body is provided with a material outlet 6, through which the treated material inside the drum is discharged from the drum. The outlet is located substantially at the top of the hollow interior of the central body with the drum in its operating position. One or more opening hatches with adjustable degree of opening are provided to cover the outlet.

Below the outlet opening, with the drum in the operating position, a material removal member 21 is arranged as shown in Figure 2. This discharge member may be, for example, a conveyor belt. The material raised by the lifting means 7, which is to be removed from the drum, is then dropped through the outlet to a conveyor belt or the like which conveys the treated and removed material from the drum for possible further operations or use.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the material lifting members comprise lifting means adjusting levers 31 which extend beyond the cylindrical body 15. The adjusting levers are fixedly attached to the lifting members and thus rotate as the drum rotates. In addition to the adjusting levers, one or more lifting guide rails 32, 33 are disposed on the outside of the drum end portion to serve to control the position of the material lifting members 7 in a convenient manner through the adjusting levers 31 as the drum rotates. The guide-20 rails are secured to a stationary portion of the drum, whereby, as the drum rotates, the rails remain stationary and guide each lifting member in the same manner.

The assembly formed by the guide rail 32, 33, the adjusting lever 31 and the material lifting member 7 functions, for example, by connecting a wheel or the like to the end of the lever of the adjusting lever 31 which presses against the guide rail 25. Figure 3 illustrates how the adjusting levers press against the rail as a result of the weight of the material lifting member. The figure also shows how the adjusting lever is connected substantially to the level of the surface of the drum, i.e. in the same line with the hinge of the lifting member. When the lifting member is significantly heavier than the adjusting lever, the lifting member tends to rotate as low as possible around its hinges due to the gravity of the ground. However, the guide rail is set so that the adjusting lever rests against it so that the angle of the material lifting member is adjustable by the guide rail.

Preferably, one or more of the guide rails of the lifting means of the arrangement of the invention is adjustable. Typically, the guide rails 35 have two pieces disposed as shown in Fig. 3 so that the lower guide rails 32 guide the lifting members when they are raised from their lower position. In such cases, it is often desirable that as much material as possible be left on the lifting member. Thus, it is convenient to guide the lifting member to the bottom of the drum substantially vertically, whereby the lifting member encounters as much material as possible in the lower part of the drum.

One of the guide rails 33 is an extension of the lower guide rail as shown in Fig. 3. Typically, the upper guide rail 33 is of the adjustable type so that its distance from the center of the drum can be displaced. However, this displacement takes place in a direction perpendicular to the axis 10 of the drum, thereby ensuring that the adjustment is working appropriately. The figure shows how the upper guide rail 33 is hinged to the upper end of the lower guide rail 32. In this case, the upper end of the upper guide rail is secured to an adjustable fixed structure. The adjustment may be effected, for example, by means of a spindle motor or other similar actuator 34.

15 The purpose of adjusting the guide rail is to influence the handling time of the material to be treated. By moving the upper end of the upper guide rail closer to the drum axis, the angle of the material lifting member can be changed so that the material on the lifting member is dropped earlier. This allows the material to be recycled for longer inside the drum, and thus extends the concept time.

An additive dispensing member 8 is provided in the hollow center of the drum, which may be, for example, a spray nozzle. The function of the additive dispensing member is to add to the material to be treated a processing additive such as a binder, detergent or steam. For example, when cleaning 25 contaminated soils, the aforementioned steam or detergent may act as an additive. Dispensing of the additive is simple to the drum as described, since the dispensing element 8 is located in the fixed central part 3 of the drum. Generally, a convenient dosing point is located at step 30, where the material to be treated falls downward in the treatment space from the lifting means 7. When dropping, the material has appeared, whereby the application of the additive, e.g.

Because the material falls off the lifting members over a potentially wide area 35, it may be appropriate in certain cases to narrow the drop point and guide the material more centrally with a separate guide member 10,610,1053 adjustably attached to a solid drum centerpiece 3 typically of cylindrical shape.

The arrangement according to the invention further comprises a scraping member 35 of the material lifting means 7, in which case the drum must comprise the above-mentioned 5 fixed stationary central part to which said scraping member is fastened. The scraper member 35 is secured so that it is located at the top of the drum. The material lifting members have then dropped the material they have lifted and are freely hanging by their hinges. The scraper member is formed of a plate so mounted that, as the drum rotates, the lifting members rub against the scraping member, thereby scraping off any material adhering to the lifting members. In other words, when the drum is rotating in its up position, the freely hanging lifting members encounter a stationary plate-like scraper which forces the lifting members to turn against the direction of rotation of the drum, thereby rubbing almost the entire distance against the scraper. The scraper member has a length-15 delta substantially equal to the axial length of the drum, i.e. extending from one end of the cylindrical drum to the other.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a plate-shaped guide member 36 is arranged in connection with the scraper member, the guide member being formed as an extension of the scraper member. The steering member follows the Kaare-20 against the rotating cylindrical part of the drum, but is mounted permanently inside it. The purpose of the guiding member is, on the one hand, to direct the lifting means 7 in the right direction back to the lower part of the drum and, on the other hand, to form a steam projection inside the drum.

The lifting means 7 is guided in the correct position to the lower part 25 of the drum simply by rotating the lifting means 7 in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the drum, as previously explained. When the lifting members arrive at the end point of the guide members, i.e. near the bottom of the drum, the lifting members encounter the material to be processed so that the planar surface of the lifting members is substantially perpendicular. As the control elements cease to control the lifting members, the Sa-30 moves. * The lifting arms adjusting levers 31 for controlling the guide rails 32, 33. In this case, the movement of the lifting members throughout the drum stroke is controlled.

The vapor barrier is formed on the inside of the drum by the interaction of the material lifting means 7 and the guiding means 36. The function of the vapor barrier is to direct the possibly metered steam inside the drum 35 to pass the desired path within the drum. Steam is dispensed the dispensing drum 8, which is typically Si 7 111 053 jaitsee within the drum as the side of the drum where the material is lifted up. Thus, it would be undesirable for the dispensed steam, or the like, to escape from the drum without encountering as much of the material to be treated. The vapor barrier is formed so that a plurality of material lifting members of the material-5 are simultaneously controlled by the control member. This will prevent the steam from circulating on that route. Naturally, the formation of a vapor barrier requires that the guide member extend from one end of the cylinder to the other, and that the guide member is plate-like. In addition, the guide member is secured to the stationary drum center in a similar manner by using a mounting bracket 10 37, i.e. substantially airtight. However, a complete vapor barrier is impossible to achieve and is not intended as the arrangement of the invention allows the vapor to travel along the desired route in an appropriate manner.

Because of its properties, the drum implementing the arrangement of the invention can be used in both dosage and continuous mode. When dosed operatively, the desired amount of material to be treated is fed into the drum through the inlet 5. The drum is allowed to run and the same batch of material inside the drum until the desired treatment, for example washing, is achieved. Preventing material from leaving the drum through the outlet opening 20 can be ensured either by closing the opening or by adjusting the material lifting members so that the material does not rise so high that it can fall from the outlet as the drum rotates. When it is desired to remove material from the treatment space, adjusting the lifting members can ensure that the material is dropped at the correct position for removal.

During continuous operation of the drum, the desired amount of material to be processed by the treatment of the drum is fed through the inlet 5. For continuous feeding as the feeder 20, an excellent conveyor belt is provided which allows the material to be fed uniformly into the drum. As the Rum-30 rotates, the lifting means 7 lifts the material a little at a time through the outlet 6. The lifting members are guided such that part of the material is dropped from the lifting member even before the outlet, having to be reprocessed. The treated material exiting through the outlet is dropped from the treatment space to a conveying member, which further conveys the material for further processing 35 or use.

8 111053

During continuous operation, the amount of material inside the drum stabilizes as the drum rotates, provided that the feed remains substantially the same. In this equilibrium state, the treatment is uniform throughout the material.

The drum described above and the arrangement according to the invention in connection therewith are extremely versatile and easy to transport to the required objects due to their short axial dimension. For example, the cylindrical body may have a diameter of 4 meters and an axial length of only 2 meters.

Such a structure is simple to transport, for example, as a unit built on a tow truck 10, comprising the necessary support structures and the drive needed to rotate the drum.

It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that as technology advances, the basic idea of the invention can be implemented in many different ways. The invention and its embodiments are thus not limited to the examples described above, but may vary within the scope of the claims.

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Claims (5)

An arrangement in connection with a drum, said drum being intended for processing material, said drum comprising a cylindrical piece (1) arranged to rotate about its axis in its use position, said drum's axis being substantially horizontal. and which piece comprises on the inside of the piece lifting means (7) for materials, characterized in that one or more of the lifting means (7) arranged on the inside of the cylindrical piece (1) are articulated to said piece and allow for proper regulation of the lifting organs during treatment. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting means (7) arranged on the inside of the cylindrical piece (1) for material comprises control levers (31) for the lifting means, which control levers extend to the outside of the cylindrical piece, and that on the outside of the cylindrical piece one or more guide rails (32, 33) of the lifting means are provided. 3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that one or more of the guide rails of the lifting member (7) is adjustable. Arrangement according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the drum further comprises an inner hollow piece (3), which is arranged in place on the inside of the outer cylindrical piece (1), characterized in that on the inside of the The outer cylindrical piece is provided with a material means (35) for the lifting means (7) for material, which means is fixed to the inner hollow piece (3) of the drum and is arranged to clean the surface of the articulated lifting means (7) for the material. the part rotates. 5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that in connection with the creating means (35), a disc-shaped guide means (36) is provided, which is arranged to control the articulated lifting means (7) for material and to form a meadow barrier with the articulated control means. .