ES2937784T3 - Device and procedure for filling large bags - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for filling FIBC big bags with a bulk product (2), comprising a frame (3), a filling nozzle (4) for filling the big bag (10), a unit weighing (5), and a compaction device (6). A holding device (7) with a plurality of holding hooks (8) is attached to the frame (3) to receive holding loops (11) of a large bag (10) to be filled and holding the large bag (10). .) during the filling process. A support apparatus (40) is provided, which defines a support surface (41), by means of which a lower end (12) of the large bag (10) can be supported from below. (Automatic translation with Google Translate, without legal value)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Device and procedure for filling large bags

The present invention relates to a device and a method for filling big sacks and, in particular, for filling big sacks of the FIBC type with at least one bulk product and, in particular, one light bulk product. A large bag (in English: big bag) is a flexible container for bulk products, whose internationally used abbreviation is FIBC, which is the acronym for "Flexible Intermediate Bag Container".

Such large sacks or big bags can be made, for example, of plastic fabric, such as polypropylene, and have a volume of up to 1,000 or even 4,000 or more. A large sack typically occupies the area of a Europallet and can be up to approx. 2.2m or more in height when full.

The present invention relates in particular to the filling of such large sacks with lightweight and extremely lightweight materials. For example, or preferably, such large bags can be filled with silicates or carbon blacks or similar lightweight materials for a wide variety of applications. In this respect, a bag completely filled in this way can reach a height of up to 2.40 m and a weight of 150 kg. In this regard, the bulk densities of the bulk products are preferably less than or equal to 0.25 kg per cubic decimeter. Efficient filling with such light materials is complex, since there is a very high proportion of air.

Devices and methods for filling conventional smaller sacks with such lightweight materials, which weigh 10 kg once filled, are known in the state of the art. In order to fill such bags, while still being manageable, it has been known to apply the side walls of the bags from the outside with pressing jaws, so that the available volume is reduced and therefore a greater rapidity is obtained. internal pressure during filling, leading to better air expulsion through the bag walls. As a result, the filling speed can be increased for conventional small bags. As an alternative to this, filling with light materials with a so-called vacuum packaging machine has also become known, in which the entire container is accommodated in a vacuum chamber and the bulk product to be introduced is sucked into the inside of the bag Such processes work reliably, but require very complex equipment even for filling conventional sacks with bulk products, with a full weight of 10 kg, for example. Such processes are not suitable for filling large sacks with light bulk products, since the complexity of the equipment and also the costs would be too high.

Document US 2015/0175280 A1 discloses a device and a method for compacting bulk products into a big bag, wherein a big bag with material to be compacted is placed on a base and a pressing plate is lowered from above. Vibrating elements generate pressure to compact the bulk product.

Document US 4718464 A forms the basis of the preamble of claim 1 and discloses equipment for automatically filling and weighing large bags. The lower end of the bag may be supported by a base support with an extendable central plate and an outwardly descending inclined plate.

The filling of big sacks with bulk products is very complex, as it requires a lot of manual labor. Especially when filling with lightweight materials, coated sack materials are used here, which expel air only poorly or not at all through the outer walls. For this reason, filling is also time-consuming and labour-intensive, since an operator must start the filling process and constantly monitor it, so that an impermissible overpressure does not develop in the big bag. In addition, the operator must control the filling process in such a way that the amount to be filled also fits into the big bag. As a result, the presence of the operator is constantly required, which considerably increases the costs of filling.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and a method with which large sacks can be efficiently filled also with light bulk products.

This object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1 and by a method with the features of claim 12. Preferred developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. Further advantages and features of the present invention will emerge from the general description and from the description of the exemplary embodiments.

A device according to the invention for filling big sacks, and in particular big sacks of the FIBC type, with at least one bulk product and, in particular, a light bulk product, comprises a frame, at least one filling mouth to fill the big bag, a weighing unit and at least one compaction equipment. In this connection, a clamping device with several clamping hooks is provided or accommodated in the frame for receiving clamping loops of a big bag to be filled and holding the big bag during the filling process. A support device is provided which defines a support surface with which a bottom end of the large bag can be supported from below. The support equipment is associated with a compensation equipment with an actuation unit that can be moved with respect to the support surface, in order to act with the actuation unit on the bottom end. of the big bag In addition, the compaction unit comprises an end plate unit which is intended to act on the big bag from above and where, in particular, the end plate unit is fixed to the frame in a height-adjustable manner in order to exert, if necessary , pressure from above on the big sack and where at least one sensor is arranged in the headplate equipment for detecting a measurement of a pressing force.

The device according to the invention has many advantages. An important advantage of the device according to the invention consists in the fact that the large bag can be supported by the support surface of the support equipment and can, for example, be deposited on it and that, afterwards, the actuation unit of the support equipment compensation can be displaced with respect to the support surface to act on the bottom end of the large bag.

In particular, this makes it possible to reduce the bulging of the bottom end of the large bag. Thus, the device is particularly suitable for filling large, poorly expelling and/or lined bags, which are lined in particular with plastic, with light bulk materials. Large plastic lined bags expel air poorly or not at all through the outer shell, so additional measures to increase air expulsion have a beneficial effect on filling performance.

Preferably, the support surface of the support equipment is (temporarily) in flat contact with the bottom end of the large bag to be filled. Preferably, the big sack hangs at least temporarily and in particular essentially free from the holding loops during the filling process, and the weighing unit serves for weighing during filling. Preferably, the filling is carried out according to the gross weighing procedure. A gross weighing procedure means that the big bag and parts of the filling equipment are also weighed.

In all configurations, it is preferred that the big sack have a top fill opening, while the fill spout has a downward facing fill opening. In this case, the filler neck has a longitudinal extension and a product flow is oriented downward essentially parallel to the longitudinal extension of the filler neck, so that the bulk material passes through the filler opening of top down to the fill opening of the big sack. The filling opening is essentially or completely oriented vertically.

Preferably, a support frame is provided, in which the holding device and/or the holding hooks are accommodated. Preferably, the supporting frame is supported by weigh cells and rests on the frame. In particular, the support equipment comprises an extensible pressing element or at least one extensible one, which can be moved from a rest position to an actuating position in order to reduce a bulging of the bottom of a filled large bag.

In a preferred development, the actuating unit of the compensation device can be moved between a lower rest position and an upper actuating position. Preferably, the actuation unit can automatically move between the lower rest position and the upper actuation position by means of a lifting drive.

Particularly preferably, the compensation device is attached to the support device. This allows for a simple structure and simple operation. The support equipment can in particular be a component or a separate unit of the frame that is preferably mounted, positioned or fixed below the filler neck. It is also possible for the support equipment to be configured as a separate component unit, which is then mounted, positioned or fixed relative to the support equipment. For example, the compensation equipment can be attached as a separate construction unit to the floor or ceiling of a building. Other fixing options are also possible.

It is preferred that the compensation device is arranged in such a way that the actuation unit acts on the fornix in a central region of the support surface of the support device. In particular, the actuation unit is located in the upper actuation position in a central area of the support surface. In the rest position, the actuation unit can also be arranged, for example, eccentrically or, in particular, also embedded in the support equipment.

The support device and the compensation device are preferably configured and arranged in such a way that the actuation unit acts on the fornix from below in a central region of the support surface of the support device when the compensation device is in position. in the acting position.

Advantageously, the support equipment can be moved from a lower base position to an upper support position. In such configurations, the support equipment is part of the compaction equipment. Then the support position can also be called the compacting position. The compaction unit comprises at least one end plate unit which is intended to act on the big bag from above.

Particularly preferably, the compaction device comprises the support device and the end plate device, the support device acting on the bottom of the large bag from below and the lifting device acting end plate on the big bag from above to favor the expulsion of air and to cause compaction of the bulk product introduced into the big bag.

The end plate unit is preferably attached to the frame in a height-adjustable manner, in particular in order to exert pressure from above on the large bag if necessary. It is particularly preferred if the filler neck passes through the end plate unit and/or if the end plate unit surrounds the filler neck at least partially and in particular substantially completely or completely in the radial direction.

The end plate equipment can be made as a continuous plate, which has a hole in a central area, for example, through which the filler neck can pass. However, it is also possible that the end plate equipment does not have a solid plate, but instead has struts, bars or other means that allow pressure to be exerted on the large bag.

Preferably, at least one pressure sensor is associated with the filler neck. It is also possible that 2 or more pressure sensors are provided to increase reliability, for example.

In preferred developments, at least one sensor for detecting a measurement of a pressing force is arranged in the end plate assembly or in another component of the device. Advantageously, at least one sensor can also be arranged on the support device for detecting a measurement of the pressing force. Such a sensor can be configured, for example, as a force sensor or as a pressure sensor. It is also possible that a current sensor is provided. With the sensor, in particular, force-, pressure- or current-controlled pressing of the compaction equipment is enabled.

In preferred developments, the filler neck has at least one double-walled section, the inner wall in the double-walled section consisting at least partly of an air-permeable wall material. In all configurations, it is preferred that at least one air exhaust unit is associated with the filler neck to evacuate escaping air from the bag.

The filler neck and the clamping equipment, and in particular also the end plate equipment, are preferably accommodated in a supporting frame, which is weighed by the weighing unit. This enables a gross weighing procedure in which the exact fill weight can be reached.

In advantageous developments, the filler neck is associated with an air discharge unit with at least one air discharge duct, which is decoupled from the frame via at least one compensator. The air removal equipment is preferably connected to the filler neck, so that the air escaping upwards through the filler neck can be effectively evacuated from the big bag.

In a preferred development, the air discharge line 2 comprises shut-off valves spaced apart from one another, between which the compensator is arranged. Particularly preferably, the shut-off valves can be switched separately. A sampler is preferably arranged between the stop valves. By switching the shut-off valves, a sample of the current filling can thus be taken simply and efficiently. In a correspondingly different switching position, air can be effectively exhausted.

Preferably, in all configurations, a product feed line or at least one product feed line is provided. In all configurations, it is particularly preferred that 2 different product feed lines and product feed paths are provided. In this case, preferably at least 2 conveyor elements are also provided, each product feed line comprising at least one conveyor element. In all configurations, it is possible for each product feed to also have 2 or more conveyor elements.

Preferably, at least one conveyor element is provided, which is connected to a product feed via a product feed line. In particular, the carrier element can be supported by the supporting frame, so that the carrier element forms part of the system that is heavy.

In advantageous developments, a flexible compensator forms part of the product feed line and is arranged between the stationary part of the product feed line and a part, which is heavy, of the product feed line in order to achieve weight decoupling during a weighing process. This can significantly improve weight accuracy.

Preferably, an aeration valve is associated with the flexible compensator in order to allow equalization of the air in the product feed line before a weighing process. This is particularly advantageous as the air equalization ensures that the flexible compensator remains flexible. It has turned out that a flexible hose can also exhibit high rigidity if bulk material is compacted in the flexible compensator. Then the stiffness of a flexible compensator can also increase to such an extent that incorrect weight measurements occur. The use of an aeration valve, which allows easy air equalization or by which an air jet can be applied to the product feed line, can increase significantly the accuracy of the weighing process and thus the accuracy of the filling. It has been shown that with this measure the precision of an automatic filling can be increased considerably, so that with this measure it is possible to reach or stay below the usual limit values in the (manual) filling precision.

In all configurations, it is especially preferred that at least one diaphragm pump serves as a conveyor for feeding the bulk product to be filled into the big sack. Depending on the bulk product with which the filling is to be carried out, other conveyor elements can also be used.

The support equipment is preferably provided in a height-adjustable manner. The support equipment can comprise a floor table or a roller belt, in which case the rollers of the roller belt can be driven, if appropriate, via a drive.

The end plate kit can have a single end plate or it can comprise several end plates which together form the end plate kit. The end plate equipment can also be configured as a shaping plate that shapes the top region of the big bag after rough flow and/or after the filling process and/or periodically.

A pressure sensor associated with the filler neck can be provided within the filler neck or, for example, in a conduit leading to the filler neck. It is also possible that the pressure sensor is arranged in an area that protrudes into the large bag.

A force sensor on the support equipment and/or end plate equipment is advantageous in that it can be used to determine a load measurement of the big bag during the filling process. As a result, excessive loads resulting from internal pressure on the big bag can be reliably avoided, whereby the risk of breakage and the frequency of breakage can be significantly reduced.

In the case of a double-walled section in the filler neck, in which the inner wall consists at least partly of an air-permeable wall material, this can in particular comprise a wire mesh or consist of mesh. wire. Comparable materials are also possible. In particular, the mesh size of an air-permeable wall material is such that air can escape, but the bulk product is at least essentially retained.

The method according to the invention is used to fill big sacks with bulk material and in particular to fill big sacks of the FIBC type with bulk material, where a big sack is hung with its fastening loops on the fastening hook of a clamping equipment of a filling device. The holding hooks hold the big bag at least temporarily during the filling process. At least after the filling process, the big bag is placed on a support surface of a support equipment. An actuating unit of a compensation device is moved upwards relative to the support surface of the support equipment to act (only) on a part of the bottom surface of the large bag. As a result, it is also possible to reduce a bulge of the bottom end of the large bag, acting in particular punctually and preferably in the area of greatest bulge. At least one measure of the force acting on the large bag is recorded in this connection by means of a height-adjustable end plate device.

The process according to the invention also has many advantages. The method enables efficient filling of large, poorly expelling bags with light bulk materials, with high weight accuracy, even in the case of automatic or semi-automatic filling.

Preferably, the big sack is alternately filled to a predetermined pressure and then compressed. The big bag is preferably compressed by a support team pressing from below against the bottom of the big bag, while the big bag is also pressed from above.

It is preferred that, during filling, a pressure characteristic of the internal pressure in the big bag is measured. This enables pressure-controlled filling, which is controlled automatically in particular by control equipment in such a way that the maximum permissible internal pressure for the big bag is not exceeded, in order to avoid damage.

With the support equipment, it is preferably pressed against the bottom of the large bag from below in order to compact the bulk material. Preferably it is pressed against the big bag from above in order to compact the bulk material.

In accordance with the invention, at least one measurement of the force acting on the large sac is recorded by the endplate equipment. Preferably at least one measurement of the force acting on the large sack is recorded by the support equipment. As a result, effective compaction can be ensured and/or damage to the big bag can be avoided by accelerating the compaction equipment preferably to close to the maximum allowable force and keeping the internal pressure of the bag as high as possible within the allowable range with the in order to minimize the time of expulsion of air.

In advantageous developments, the weight of the big bag is measured with a weighing unit.

The following procedure steps are preferably repeated in a loop until the actual weight lies within a tolerance interval around the target weight:

- First, the conveyor is operated to fill the big bag with bulk product. - Next, the bulk product is compacted by exerting pressure from below against the bottom of the large bag using the compaction equipment and/or from above against the bag using the front plate equipment.

- Then the support equipment and/or the end plate equipment is moved away so that the big bag hangs (freely) from the clamping hooks.

- The big bag is weighed.

- At least towards the end of the filling process, the actuation unit of the compensation equipment moves upwards with respect to the support surface of the support equipment to act on a part of the bottom surface of the large bag. This occurs in particular when the support equipment comes into contact with the bearing surface against the bottom of the large bag. By extending the actuation unit, a bulging of the bottom of the big bag is reduced, which does not automatically reform due to the low weight of the filling material when the big bag is deposited on the support equipment. In this way, the contents of the big sack are effectively re-compacted, so that overall a significantly higher bulk density of the bulk product is possible and an almost level base is achieved for further transport.

The weight of the big bag is preferably weighed after the bulk product in the big bag has been compacted. If the conveyor element is arranged in the part that is not weighed, possible errors during the weighing process can be significantly reduced by such compacting. Without prior compaction, the material present in the filler neck could still exert a force on the weigh cell(s) or on the weighing unit as a whole, whereby the actual weight could be measured significantly distorted. Thanks to the compaction, volume is released in the upper space of the big bag, into which the product that is in the filling channel can subsequently slide. Thus, the weighing unit is freed from the influence of disturbing forces and the actual weight can be determined more reliably.

The above-mentioned loop can also be exited if, for example, it is clear that the desired target weight is reached with a number of strokes determined from the weight difference between the target weight and the actual weight with the pump conveyor. For this, the weight previously transported by each pumping stroke is determined. This makes it possible to design the device with high precision and, if necessary, in a calibratable manner. The procedure described above is particularly suitable for filling coated big sacks or big sacks that have poor air release performance.

In all configurations it is preferred that air is sucked or evacuated at least temporarily during, before or after the filling process. In this connection, for example, air can be evacuated or sucked in from the interior of the big bag via a double-walled filler neck, for example, in order to ensure effective and, if necessary, actively promoted expulsion of air.

With the invention it is possible to automatically fill large bags with light materials. Manual control of the filling process is not necessary. In this connection, different bags and types of bags can be filled one after the other.

Other advantages and characteristics of the present invention can be seen from the exemplary embodiment, which is explained below with reference to the attached figures.

In the figures, they show:

Figure 1 a side view of a device for filling big sacks in a first position;

figure 2 a side view of the device according to figure 1 in a second position;

figure 3 a side view of the device according to figure 1 in a third position;

figure 4 a side view of the device according to figure 1 in a fourth position;

FIG. 5 the areas of the filler neck of the device according to FIG. 1 in an enlarged representation; FIG. 6 shows the area of the conveyor element of the device according to FIG. 1 in an enlarged representation;

Figure 7 the area of the filler neck with the air expulsion equipment of the device according to Figure 1; and

Figure 8 a schematic plan view of the support equipment and a weighing table for the device according to figure 1.

In figure 1 a device 1 according to the invention for filling big sacks 10 with bulk goods 2 is schematically shown. The device 1 has a frame-shaped frame 3 or the like, on which other components of the device 1.

A support unit 40 is arranged, placed or mounted on the ground below the filler neck 4, which serves to support a filled big bag and which in this case also forms part of a compaction unit 6, with which a bag large 10 partially filled is compacted once or several times during the filling process.

The big bag 10 is hung with its fastening loops 11 on fastening hooks 8 of a fastening equipment 7, while the filling valve 10b is connected to the filling spout 4 at least in an essentially dust-tight manner via , for example, a quick close (can be integrated).

During the essential part of the filling process, the large bag 10 hangs freely from the loops 11. The support equipment 40 with the support surface 41 is located well below the bottom of the bag 12.

Filling with light materials, during which a considerable proportion of air enters the big bag with the bulk product, causes the big bag to swell and the bottom of the big bag 10 to bulge outward. This state is represented in Figure 1.

The device 1 comprises a compaction device, which in this case essentially consists of the support device 40 and the end plate device 16. For compaction, the support device 40 or the support surface 41 can be adjusted upwards, while the end plate equipment 16 moves downwards through the cylinders 47, so that pressure is exerted on the big bag 10 from below and from above at the same time, which improves the expulsion of air.

The support equipment 40 comprises in this case a roller belt with rollers 42 which together define or encompass a bearing surface 41. During compaction, the bearing surface 41 is essentially in flat contact against the bottom of the sack 12.

The support device 40 comprises an adjustment frame 45 or a crossbar, which is used to adjust the height of the support surface 41.

In this case, the compensation device 30 is arranged and accommodated centrally in the support device 40. In this case, the compensation device 30 is attached to the support device 40, so that the compensation device 30 also moves when the support equipment 40 is height adjustable. However, it is also possible to arrange or fix the compensation device 30 separately on the ground, so that when the support device 40 is adjusted in height, neither the compensation device 30 nor the height adjustment takes place. action unit 31 of the compensation team 30.

The compensation device 30 comprises the actuation unit 31, which in this case is made height-adjustable. The actuation unit 31 acts as a pressing element and has an actuation surface 31a (see FIG. 2).

The base position 43 of the support equipment 40 and the rest position 33 of the compensation equipment 30 are shown in Figure 1.

After the big sack 10 has first been filled, for example to the point that the shape shown in Fig. 1 is obtained, the support equipment 40 with the support surface 41 is height-adjusted so that the bearing surface 41 comes into flat contact against the bottom end 12 of the big bag 10. At the same time, the cylinders 47 are extended from above, so that the end plate kit 16 is lowered and comes into contact against the area top of the large sac. The compaction unit 6, with the end plate unit 16 and the support unit 40, now presses on the big bag 10 from above and from below, so that an effective expulsion of air of the bulk material and a reduction of of volume.

The support equipment 40 can then be lowered again and the end plate equipment 16 can be raised, after which the conveyor element 9 (cf. Fig. 5) can be put back into operation and the vehicle can continue. introducing bulk product into the big bag 10.

Alternatively, now bulk material 2 is introduced into the big bag 10 and the big bag 10 is compressed with the compaction equipment 6.

With each compression or with individual compressions, in particular towards the end of the filling process, the compensation device 30 can also be activated, in addition to the compression, and the actuation unit 31 extended via the lifting drive 35, as shown. in FIG. 2. To do this, the actuation unit 31 is moved upwards relative to the support surface 41, so that the actuation unit 31 practically penetrates the bottom of the large pouch 10 and additionally compresses the bottom of the pouch. 12 on the significantly smaller acting surface 31a. Figure 2 shows the actuation position 34, while Figure 1 shows the rest position 33.

Surprisingly, it turned out that the additional effect of the actuation unit 31 allows a considerably improved filling to be achieved. Due to the additional compression in the region of the fornix 12, significantly improved weight accuracy can be achieved towards the end of the filling process. It is possible that the additional compression will release material in the upper area of the big bag 10, so that better decoupling is achieved for the weighing result. In addition, a better stability of the big bag is achieved after the filling process. Figure 3 shows a position after the actuation unit 31 has been returned to the home position 33 and after the support kit 40 has been moved to the base position 43 and the end plate kit 16 has been removed. lifted again through the cylinders 47. In this position, the large bag 10 again hangs freely on the hooks 8 with the loops 11. The bottom of the bag 12 protrudes out much less than before the pressing process and before the actuation of the actuation unit 31. In this respect, the actuation unit 31 acts on a considerably smaller surface 31a than the bearing surface 41 with which the fornix 12 rests on the support equipment 40. A ratio of The area between the actuation surface 31a and the cross-sectional area of a large bag 10 is preferably about 1:20 to 1:4.

Figure 4 shows another position of the device 1, in which a pallet 55 has been placed on the roller belt or supporting equipment 40 and the filled big bag 10 has been lowered onto the pallet 55 so that the bottom of the bag 12 rest with base 10a on pallet 55. Fill valve 10b and tie-down loops 11 have been removed from filler neck 4 and tie-down hooks 8, so big bag 10 is now upright freely on the pallet 55.

Figure 5 shows an enlarged representation of the area of the filling mouth 4, with two different conveyor elements 9 and product feed ducts 28 drawn in this case on the left and right side, in order to be able to fill with two different products. comfortably, for example, with little shifting effort. To change the product paths, the regulating flap 48 is changed. The cleaning effort is small.

In figure 5 it can be seen that both the conveyor elements 9 as well as the filling mouth 4 and the clamping equipment 7 with the clamping hooks 8 are housed and fixed in a supporting frame 19 that rests on the frame 3 through weighing cells 15. In this configuration, the conveyor element(s) 9, the filler neck 4, the clamping equipment 7 with the clamping hooks 8 and also the supporting frame 19 form part of the system that is weighed. The corresponding weight is taken into account (tare) for the weighing process, so that the weight that is put into the big bag 10 can be deducted. As shown in figure 5a, at least one section of the filler neck 36 double-walled in this case comprises an air-permeable sieve 38 or wire mesh or the like, through which air is evacuated, but the bulk product being introduced is retained.

Figure 6 shows an enlarged representation of the conveyor element 9 realized as a diaphragm pump with the product feed 39 and the product feed duct 28. The product feed 39 comes from the silo and is attached to the frame 3, for example, and therefore it is not part of the system that is heavy. A stationary part 28a of the product feed duct 28 can extend beyond the frame. The weight of the stationary part 28a is decoupled from the conveying element 9 and from the part that is weighed 28b of the product feed conduit 28 through a compensator 29. The compensator can be made of a flexible and/or elastic hose material or the like, which allows the frame to be uncoupled from the part that is being weighed. However, it has been found that even in the case of light products, the bulk product can be compacted to such an extent within the compensator 29 that the compensator 29 cannot fully guarantee its operation. Therefore, the compensator 29 is associated with at least one aeration valve 14 to allow an air compensation before a weighing process.

In the diaphragm pump 9 used in this case and in the exemplary embodiment shown here, the compensator 29 is located on the suction side of the diaphragm pump 9. In this case, if necessary, it may be sufficient to open the vent valve 14 so that ambient air can enter the compensator from the outside. In this and other configurations, it is also possible for air to be actively fed through the aeration valve 14 before a weighing process is carried out.

It has been found that the flexibility of the flexible compensator 29 is significantly increased by the air compensation or an active air jet through the vent valve 14, so that a reliable and reproducible weight measurement is possible.

Figure 7 shows an enlarged representation of the filler neck area 4, showing in this case the air expulsion equipment 20, through which the excess air inside the filler neck can be evacuated. Through the exhaust air equipment 20, the exhaust air can be fed, for example, to a dust removal system via the exhaust air duct 21. Excess air can be effectively exhausted by means of the air expulsion equipment. The air exhaust unit has two shut-off valves 25, 26 that are spaced apart. In this regard, the stop valve 26 is connected to the filler neck 4, while the stop valve 25 is connected to the frame. A flexible compensator 22 is arranged between the shut-off valves 25 and 26, which allows weight-wise decoupling. As a rule, no venting valve has to be provided in this case, since as a rule there will be no compacted bulk material in the air discharge line 21.

Between the two separately switchable shut-off valves 25 and 26, a sampler 27 is provided, to which corresponding sampling vessels or sampling lines can be connected. If necessary, a third switchable valve is provided here.

In figure 7, the pressure sensor 17 arranged inside the filler neck 4 is also drawn with a dashed line, through which a measurement of an internal pressure in the big bag 10 can be recorded.

Finally, figure 8 shows a plan view of a support equipment 40 for the device 1 according to figure 1 and, next to it, an independent weighing table 50, presenting in this case both the support equipment 40 such as the weighing table 50 in each case rollers 42, which can be driven in each case in a specifically controlled manner via a drive 42a or 52a. In this case, the drives 42a and 52a can rotate in both directions of rotation. With a different structure, drives that can rotate in both directions of rotation can also be dispensed with.

In this case it is possible, for example, to first transport a pallet 55 onto the weighing table in order to be able to record the empty weight of the pallet. At a suitable time during the filling process, the pallet 55 can be placed back on the support equipment 40 so that the big sack 10 can be deposited on it. Alternatively, after filling, the pallet can also be weighed together with the big sack on the weighing table to determine the total weight. As a result, in both cases, when loading such big bags onto trucks or other means of transport, for example, the effective total weight can already be calculated during filling and the big bag can then be labelled.

In all configurations and embodiments it is possible and preferable that filling and pressing are carried out alternately, for example 3, 4, 5 or 6 times during a filling process. For example, in a pressing operation, pressure can be exerted on the bag for between 10 and 40 seconds, and preferably for about 20 seconds, to cause effective air expulsion. The times depend on the product, among other things. If the big bag is compacted three or four times, for example, it is possible that the actuation unit of the compensation equipment is extended only during the last compaction process or during the last two compaction processes. As the number of pressings per fill increases, the degree of compaction increases, so less and less volume is released.

A fully filled sack can reach a weight of 150 kg or 200 kg when filled with light materials. If filled with heavier materials, weights up to 21 are also possible.

In all configurations it is preferred that sewn bags with corner flaps are used, the corner flaps being located on the inside and providing an approximately rectangular cross section for the filled large bag.

It is preferred that after the end of a filling process, the filled big sack is re-weighed, for example on a weighing table. There, the big bag is weighed normally, for example on a pre-weighed pallet, so that the exact fill weight can be deduced from the known material weight of the bag and pallet. The result of such a weighing process can be taken into account during the next filling process to further increase the accuracy.

The device 1 is used in particular for filling with light and very light materials such as silicates or carbon blacks or other light materials that have a bulk density of less than 0.25 kg per liter of volume. These light substances are often difficult to introduce, because they contain a high proportion of air. If such a light bulk product escapes, a floating cloud is created in the surrounding space, which settles either not at all or settles very slowly.

The device 1 is used in particular for filling large sacks 10 made of a coated material that has a low air expulsion capacity.

At the end of a filling process, the endplate kit can in all cases be lowered to level a pouring cone of the fine or ultra-fine fill.

For removal, the support equipment 40 can be raised to relieve the fastening loops 11 so that the fastening loops 11 can be manually removed from the fastening hooks 8.

Reference list:

1 device 30 compensation equipment

2 bulk product 31 actuation unit

3 frame 31a operating surface

4 filler neck 33 rest position

5 weighing unit 34 actuation position

6 compaction unit 35 hoist drive

7 clamping equipment 36 double wall section

8 fixing hooks 37 inner wall

9 diaphragm pump, item 38 wire mesh

10 large bag 39 product feeding

10th base 40 support team

10b filling valve 41 support surface

11 clamping loop 42 roller

12 bottom end, cul-de-sac 42nd drive

13 filling opening 43 base position

14 breather valve 44 support position

15 weighing cell 45 regulation frame

16 end plate kit 47 cylinder

17 pressure sensor 48 regulating flap

18 sensor for a force of 50 weighing table

^pressing 51 weighing cell

19 supporting frame 52 roller

20 exhaust air kit 52a drive

21 exhaust air duct 55 pallet

22 compensator

25 stop valve

26 stop valve

27 sampler

28 feed duct

product

28th stationary part

28b part that is heavy

29 compensator

Claims (15)

1. Device (1) for filling big bags (10) and, in particular, big bags of the FIBC type, with at least one bulk product (2), comprising a frame (3), a filling mouth (4) to fill the big bag (10), a weighing unit (5) and at least one compaction equipment (6), wherein a holding device (7) with several holding hooks (8) is provided on the frame (3) to accommodate holding loops (11) of a large bag (10) to be filled and to hold the large bag (10) during the filling process, wherein a support device (40) is provided that defines a support surface (41) with which a bottom end (12) of the large bag (10) can be supported from below, wherein the support equipment (40) is associated with a compensation equipment (30) with an actuation unit (31) movable with respect to the support surface (41) to act with the actuation unit (31) on the end bottom (12) of the big bag (10), characterized in that the compaction equipment (6) also comprises an end plate equipment (16), which is intended to act on the big bag (10) from above, and ^{in where in the end plate equipment (} 16 ^{) at least one sensor (18) is arranged to detect a measurement of} a pressing force. Device according to claim 1, wherein the actuation unit (31) of the compensation device (30) is movable between a lower rest position (33) and an upper actuation position (34), and wherein, in particular, the actuation unit (31) can automatically move between the lower rest position (33) and the upper actuation position (34) through a lifting mechanism (35), and/or where the compensation equipment (30) is fixed to the support equipment (40), and/or where the compensation equipment (30) is arranged in such a way that the actuation unit (31) acts on the bottom of the cul-de-sac (12) in a central area of the support surface (41) of the support equipment (40). Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the support device (40) can be moved from a lower base position (43) to an upper support position (44). Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the end plate unit (16) is attached to the frame (3) in a height-adjustable manner in order to apply pressure from above on the large bag (10) if necessary, and wherein on the support equipment (40) at least one sensor (18) is arranged to detect a measurement of a pressing force. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the filler neck (4) passes through the end plate equipment (16). Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler neck (4) is associated with a pressure sensor (17). Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler neck (4) has at least one double-walled section (36), wherein the inner wall (37) in the double-walled section (36) consists of at least partly of an air-permeable wall material (38). Device according to claim 7 or according to claim 7 and one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler neck (4) and the clamping device (7) and preferably also the end plate device (16) are housed in a supporting frame (19) which is weighed via the weighing unit (5). Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler neck (4) is associated with an air exhaust unit (20) with an air exhaust duct (21) that is decoupled from the frame (3) via of at least one compensator (22), and wherein, in particular, the air expulsion conduit (21) has two shut-off valves (24, 25) spaced apart, between which the compensator (22) is arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a product feed line is provided and in particular at least one conveyor element (9) is provided which is connected via the product feed line (28 ) to a product feed (39). Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a flexible compensator (29) forms part of the product feed line (28) and is arranged between the stationary part (28a) of the product feed line (28) and a part that is weighed (28b) of the product feed conduit (28) to achieve weight decoupling, and where, in particular, the flexible compensator (29) is associated with an aeration valve (14) to allow compensation of air in the product feed line before a weighing process. 12. Procedure for filling large bags (10) and, in particular, FIBC type large bags, with at least one bulk product (2), in which a large sack (10) is hooked with its fastening loops (11) to the fastening hooks (8) of a fastening equipment (7) of a device (1) for filling , holding hooks (8) that hold the big bag (10) at least temporarily during the filling process, where the big bag (10) is placed on a support surface (41) of a support equipment (40) at least after the filling process, wherein an actuation unit (31) of a compensation equipment (30) moves upwards with respect to the support surface (41) of the support equipment (40) to act on a part of the bottom surface (12) of the large bag (10), characterized in that at least one measure of the force acting on the large bag (10) is recorded by a front plate unit (16). 13. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein alternately the large sack (10) is filled to a predetermined pressure and then compressed and/or where a pressure characteristic of the internal pressure in the big bag (10) is measured during filling and/or where the support equipment (40) is pressed against the bottom (12) of the big bag (10 ) from below to compact the bulk product (2), and/or where the large bag (10) is also pressed from above to compact the bulk product (2). Method according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein at least one measurement of the weight on the big bag (10) by the support equipment (40) and/or the weight of the big bag (10) is measured with a weighing unit (5) connected to the clamping equipment (7) and/or where air is sucked or evacuated at least temporarily. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein the following method steps are repeated in a loop until the actual weight lies within a tolerance interval around the theoretical weight: - operating the conveyor element (9) to fill the big sack (10) with bulk product; - compact the bulk product (2) by exerting pressure by means of the support equipment (40) from below against the bottom of the big bag (10) and/or by means of the end plate equipment (16) from above against the big bag (10 ); - move the support equipment (40) and/or the end plate equipment (16) away so that the large bag (10) hangs from the fastening hook (8); - weigh the big sack (10) - wherein at least towards the end of the filling process, the actuation unit (31) of the compensation equipment (30) moves upwards with respect to the support surface of the support equipment (40) to act on a part of the bottom surface (12) of the large bag (10).