ES2203270B1 - PERFECTION IN ANDAMIOS DE FACHADA. - Google Patents

Abstract

Improvements in facade scaffolding. The improvements allow the constitution of the scaffolding by means of multiple removable porches and non-detachable rectangular frames, in a transverse arrangement to the plane of the façade and related to each other by horizontal and diagonal bars, with intermediate safety coupling devices, not spontaneously removable, whose gantry and frames directly support step platforms and also support one or the other of the outer or inner sides of the frames, vertically adjustable brackets carrying other service platforms, whose platforms have fixed socket plates on one, at least, of their edges, associating the vertical elements of limiting frames of facade openings by means of beams mounted directly on them.

Description

Improvements in facade scaffolding.

The present invention relates to some improvements introduced in the so-called scaffolding of facade, achieving novelty and activity characteristics inventive with respect to those currently known.

Facade scaffolding is associated with building facades for repair work in them, being able to include among them the works of complete rehabilitation of the facade.

The currently known facade scaffolding they suffer from excessive constructive complication, which makes their cost more expensive price and time necessary for erection and disassembly. To the own time do not present in many cases due safety features for personnel working in the same.

The present improvements are intended to present some improvements in these scaffolding of facade through which it is possible to achieve improvements constructive and functional that allow to achieve more costs reduced and greater security for staff.

The improvements object of the present invention extend to multiple aspects of scaffolding, which they can explain starting from the constitution of the gantry feet through several easily removable constituent segments, especially three pieces, reducing transport space and storage, being destined to the constitution of porches with fixed, prefabricated iron beams, Voith type or similar, carriers of platforms and equipped with fixed stems receiving the tubular frames that, successively, will constitute the scaffolding set. These frames have a structure special, being equipped with several vertical elements rings for the suspension of the brackets for the platforms of service, with the characteristic that the separation between suspension rings is twice the separation between brackets hooks, allowing greater freedom of adjustment of the suspension height of the bracket. In addition, each corbel has an intermediate flange for fixing to the corresponding vertical frame element. At the same time, the scaffolding frames feature quick couplings and non-removable for bar ends, both rebar like other structural elements, such as handrails, etc. Said couplings have retention tabs, capable of allowing the introduction of the bar end that you want to insert, producing by your own means the automatic lifting of the retention tab, which remains subsequently arranged so that it cannot be detached from fortuitous form, requiring for this an express manual action, which provides greater security on the device.

The service platforms, carried out as is usual in non-slip sheet, for example, perforated sheet and embedded, they are equipped with extreme clamps susceptible to focus directly on the tubular elements of the frames of the structure, possessing safety devices that prevent its accidental disassembly. Also, the ends of the platforms they are made with a special structure of great rigidity that prevents its deformation or breakdown in transport and also prevents accidental deformations on the platforms in service.

The platforms themselves are associated with sockets inserted by pythons in their housings, which guarantees the good coupling of the socket with the platform for any dimensions of the latter and with independence of the elements of the structure, guaranteeing at all times an adequate closure of the lateral edges of the platform preventing the fall of tools or other objects.

Another feature of the present invention it consists in that the fixed beams of the porches have stems fixed upper ends and stems or receiving elements of the frames in intermediate position that can be moved over the frame itself beam, to allow scaffolding to adapt to the facade line and to the different protruding bodies of it.

Another additional aspect of the present invention is based on the way of mounting the beams of the light frames considerable, which is performed suspended in brackets specials that are hung from the rings of the right feet or frames, which limit the porch, allowing the placement of beams supported on said supports and without end stop. Of this two goals are achieved, first of all, keep the beam suspended while the work of fixing the same on the right feet or frames, and on the other, when there is no stop longitudinal, allow the use of the same fixed beam to spans of shorter length, that is, smaller than the beam.

For better understanding are attached, by way of explanatory but not limiting example, some drawings of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 1 shows a front view of a scaffolding set incorporating the present refinements

Figure 2 shows a side elevation view of the scaffolding itself of figure 1.

Figure 3 shows an exploded view, a portico and a scaffolding frame.

Figure 4 shows a perspective detail of one of the upper vertices of a scaffolding frame.

Figure 5 shows a variant of the Scaffold bar retention coupling.

Figures 6, 7 and 8 represent paths in side elevation, in plan and bottom view of a platform service.

Figures 9 and 10 represent respectively an elevation view from one end of the platform itself and a section by the indicated cutting plane.

Figure 11 shows an elevation view of a socket to use with the platforms object of the present invention.

Figure 12 shows an elevation detail lateral of the incorporation of a platform to a tubular element of the structure.

Figure 13 shows, according to a view in perspective, the relative position of a service platform with with respect to a tubular element of the structure.

Figure 14 shows a perspective view of one end of a platform, in an inverted position.

Figure 15 shows a detail of a safety coupling device from one platform to a tubular structure element.

Figure 16 shows the exploded view of a beam for a span with its right support feet and parts Supplementary mounting.

Figures 17 and 18 are elevation views side and front elevation of a supplementary support piece of the beams for the openings.

Figure 19 shows a perspective view in which shows the coupling of one of the pieces supplementary figures 17 and 18 in a frame.

Figure 20 shows a front elevation view of a provisional safety device to be used in the assembly of successive platforms.

Figure 21 shows a detail of an element of closing one end of a service platform.

Figures 22 and 23 show paths seen in side and plan elevation of a coupling device retention.

Figures 24 to 27 are representative of the different operating stages of the retaining coupling of reinforcement bars, handrails and other structure.

Figure 28 is a perspective view that shows the coupling of platforms in a structure of scaffolding according to the present invention.

As seen in the figures, a scaffolding facade incorporating these improvements has been indicated with the general numeral (1) in figures 1 and 2 and It comprises frame structures such as (2), (2 '), (2 ") ... that establish contact with the ground through the adjustable feet (3) and that are constituting levels of work through successive platforms such as (4), (4 '), (4 ") ... associated in the upper ends of the frames. Side brackets, such as indicated with the numerals (5) and (6), allow coupling other side platforms, such as (7) and (8) as well as others structures, eventually at different heights and with different depth with respect to the facade, as shown with the frames (9) and (9 ') associated with the front brackets, which will remain arranged with a different separation from the facade than the achieved through platforms (4) and (7).

As shown in Figure 3, a few feet of portico indicated with the numeral (10) are integrated by a lateral tubular element (11) detachably coupled to the regulation feet or regulation bases (3) and carrying coupled superiorly a support structure (12) of the frames that it has lower couplings such as (13) and (14), intended to coincide in the upper stems (15) and (16) of the gantry feet (11) and upper protruding stems such  as indicated with numerals (17), (18) and (19) intended for receive the upper frames (2) and the platforms (4). He number of intermediate stems (18) will be variable, especially one or two, and its mounting on the beam will be movable to fit the facade line and its protruding bodies. The structure (12) it will be preferably made by cross beams of steel of known type, such as the so-called Voith beams.

The constitution mentioned allows an easy dismantling of the porches, which also simplifies their storage and transport

The vertical elements of the frames (2) have multiple suspension rings (20), (20 ') ..., figures 3 and 4, in which it is possible to suspend the brackets (5) or (6) by their hooks, having represented the two hooks indicated with the numerals (21) and (22) for the bracket (5). The separation between each  two rings (20), (20 ') is twice the separation between hooks (21) and (22) of the brackets, which increases considerably the height adjustment possibilities of said brackets For the consolidation of the brackets once suspended, these will have fast-acting flanges such as indicated with numeral (23) in figure 3. These flanges will be in solidarity with the vertical elements of the frame (2), achieving a perfect stability of the carrier bracket of your own platform (8).

As seen in figure 4, a knot top of a frame (2) comprises a welded crossbar (24) and a upper protruding rod (25) intended to receive the elements tubular of other frames in upper position, disposing in addition other reinforcing elements of varied form such as indicated with the numeral (26). In the vertical elements of the frame (2) are also arranged coupling devices  fast bars, constituted, for example, by stems projections such as indicated with numeral (27) that presents a retention tab (28) for flattened end bars provided with a hole, or the structure shown in the figure 5, in which the support (29) of the retention tab (30) adopts substantially parallelepiped structure remaining constituted, for example, by a plate folded in "U".

In figures 6 to 10 some have been shown constructive details of one of the platforms (4). As it observe in said figures, each platform (4) comprises a plate upper (67) with a non-slip profile, for example, through embedded holes (68), also presenting terminals reinforced at both ends, indicated by numerals (31) and (32) and which have a lower circle sector shape (33),  Figure 12, to allow its best coupling to an element tubular (34) of the structure. A safety device (35), which will be explained later, prevents the accidental disassembly of a platform.

As can be seen in greater detail in the Figure 14, each end of the platforms (4) is consisting of a parallelepiped drawer structure (69) carrier of the coupling terminals (32) and remaining welded to bent side flanges such as (36) and (37) of the platform (4), also providing plates reinforcement interiors (38) fixed to the flanges themselves indicated.

Figure 15 shows a detail of a coupling terminal (32) in which the arrangement is appreciated of the safety devices (35), comprising a rod or short bar (70) provided with stops, for example, the lower stop (39) and through the bottom and side walls of the drawer (69) by holes (40) and (41), so that said rods they may adopt the two positions shown: on the right, the service position in which they help withholding the platform on the tubular element (34) of the frame or the position shown in left strokes, in which said rods are arranged in disassembly position.

The platforms will have associated elements of socket, for which they have holes in their upper face arranged in the vicinity of its lateral edges, such as those indicated with the numerals (71) and (71 ') for one of the side of the platform (4) shown in figure 7. Of this mode, the sockets integrated by flat rectangular plates elongated (42), figure (11), can be easily mounted by outgoing stems (43) and (44) that are enter the holes (71) and (71 '). These stems penetrate also on the flanges of the plate constituting the platform, in a way that will prevent its accidental extraction, since its disassembly can only be carried out ensuring verticality of the sockets, which will exclude their accidental disassembly. Further, when the sockets are incorporated in the platforms themselves, will ensure their proper functioning in any circumstance.

Another security measure is represented in Figure 13 of the drawings, which shows that each platform (4) has at its end some stops such as (45) and (46) that will prevent the overturning of the platforms and also serve to avoid openings between the platforms of the same floor.

In accordance with the present invention, the formation of porches with important light, that is, remarkable opening in the opening, is done by extreme frames of support, such as those indicated with numerals (47) and (48) in Figure 16 and a cross beam (72) which is incorporated into the mentioned right feet by means of supplementary pieces (49) and (50), intended for coupling to rings at the top of the aforementioned right feet, as a pre-assembly phase in position.

In figures 17, 18 and 19 it can be seen in greater detail the assembly of the supplementary parts (49) and (50), having represented one of them, that is, piece (49), in which shows the arrangement of a top hook (73) intended to allow suspension of one of the rings (74) of a frame (75), also presenting a lower profile in the form of "U" (76) intended to hug the right foot or frame (75) a once the suspension in the ring (74). Some arms cross sides (77) and (78), equipped with sturdy brackets lower, will allow to receive a beam, such as the beam (72) represented in Figure 16. By this arrangement, it is possible to suspend the beam (72) and then proceed from comfortable way to fix it to the right foot or frame (75), avoiding the difficult work that must be done in the currently having to perform two functions simultaneously: support the beam (72) and simultaneously, fix it by appropriate flanges with the frame (75). At the same time, at there is no axial stop for beam (72), since it is supported in the cross arms of the supplementary piece (49), the beam may be used for spans less than its total length, since it will simply vary the support point on the arms horizontal (77) or (78).

According to another aspect of the present invention, provide special security frameworks, such as indicated in your set with the numeral (79) in figure 20. Said frame comprises two vertical uprights (80) and (81) that are coupled by hooks to the rings of two successive frames (82) and (83), leaning inferiorly by means of arched supports (84) and (85) in the mentioned frames themselves, having said frame (79) crossbars such as (86) and (87), which constitute fence of protection. Thus, once mounted a platform, such as the one indicated with the numeral (88) in figure 20, between the frames (82) and (83), it can already be mounted from under said platform, that is, from the lower floor determined by the platform (89), the frame (79), which will be attached to the upper platform (88) and that will serve so that, by raising the operators to said platform, have provisional protection immediately. After that, the floor elements will be assembled superior with definitive defenses, after which will proceed to move the frame (79) upwards, towards the floor next in height and so on.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the end frames (51) that correspond to the end of a platform fundamentally constituted protection closures will be incorporated by frames of smaller dimensions (52) equipped with elements vertical (53) and (54) and crossbars in variable number, as well as a bottom socket plate (55).

Figures 22 to 27 show the embodiment concrete of a bar connecting device with tongue retention. In the represented version, which corresponds to a outer envelope in a substantially parallelepipedic manner rectangular, a folded plate holder (56) receives a tongue (58) inside, tilting on the transverse axis (57) and that  presents complex profile shown in figures 24 to 27, in the that it is appreciated that said tongue (58) has two faces substantially parallel (59) and (60), which end at extremes in the which are to observe, on the one hand, a prominent sharp tooth (61) and a protruding pin toward the top (62), while the other end has two flat faces (63) and (64) forming an angle obtuse. With this provision, the introduction of a bar will serve to force the tongue to occupy the retention position, and to releasing the coupling device will necessarily be required a manual lifting action of the tongue. So by example, representing in figure 27 the entry position of the end of the bar (65), provided with the hole (66), when acting on the tooth (61), will cause the tongue to swing, going to occupy the position shown in figure 26, until arriving to which the extension (62) protrudes from the top of the support (56), position indicated in figure 25. In this position and by continuing to advance the end of the bar, it will drive said projection (62) necessarily causing the tilting the tongue down occupying the position of the Figure 24, in which, as you can see, the same tooth (61) prevent the backward end of the rod (65), that is, it It will have constituted an unbreakable union.

Everything that does not affect, alter, change or modify the essence of the described improvements, it will be variable for the purposes of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. Improvements in facade scaffolding, of the type composed of multiple elements, especially tubular, interconnected with each other, constituting a scaffold fixed on the facade and arranged parallel to it, giving rise to different levels of work on the facade, determined by platforms of service, characterized by comprising multiple removable frames and non-removable rectangular frames, in transverse arrangement to the plane of the facade and related to each other by means of horizontal and diagonal bars, with intermediate safety coupling devices, not spontaneously removable, whose portico and frames directly support step platforms and also support one or the other of the outer or inner sides of the frames, vertically adjustable brackets carrying other service platforms, whose platforms have socket plates fixed on at least one of their edges, associating the vertical elements of frames limiting facade openings by beams mounted directly on them, also having special security fences attachable to two successive frames of structure in the part that corresponds to upper nodes of the frames, determining provisional protection fences on a platform higher. 2. Improvements in facade scaffolding, according to claim 1, characterized in that the removable frames are made by removable vertical elements, whose upper ends are optionally attachable, service platforms or fixed beams carrying lower couplings for the ends of said vertical elements and other upper couplings for receiving another frame, said vertical elements of the longitudinally distributed multi-ring rings intended to receive carrier brackets for service platforms. 3. Refinements in facade scaffolding, according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of upper couplings of the beams is variable and said couplings are movable on the beam for the adaptation of the scaffolding to the facade line and its protruding bodies. 4. Improvements in facade scaffolding, according to claim 1, characterized in that the service platform carrying brackets are provided on their vertical side with hooks for their suspension in the rings of the vertical elements of the frames, whose separation is half of the separation of the rings from the frames, said brackets also presenting on the vertical side a clamp for its attachment to the corresponding frame. 5. Refinements in facade scaffolding, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the vertical elements of the frames are integrated by a vertical tubular element that can be coupled inferiorly to an adjustable base for seating on the floor and which has protruding stems superiorly intended to receive the interconnection beam of the two vertical elements. 6. Refinements in facade scaffolding, according to claim 1, characterized in that the safety coupling devices have circular or parallelepiped protrusive stumps in which the pivot grooves of articulated anti-backlash tabs are integrated, capable of being arranged in a retention position by the own passage of the terminal end of the bar. 7. Improvements in facade scaffolding, according to claim 1, characterized in that the service platforms are constituted by non-slip sheet elements with a "C" cross-section and that at the ends have transverse reinforcement drawer structures, on whose external faces corresponding to the ends of the platform, supports are provided for centering on the upper tubular elements of the frames, also presenting protruding anti-roll stops. 8. Refinements in facade scaffolding, according to claims 1 and 7, characterized by the provision of through rods that cross the inner side and the bottom side of the rectangular transverse drawers, said rods being provided with extreme limitation heads and being susceptible to adopt a mounting position in which the rod is suspended from the hole in the inner wall of the drawer and a service position in which the rod is removed, abutting inferiorly with the tubular element of the gantry and limited by the stop of the other end Of the same. 9. Improvements in facade scaffolding, according to claim 1, characterized in that the special security frames comprise two vertical uprights provided superiorly with protection crossbars and which are inferiorly capable of being suspended by hooks on the rings of the upper part of the two successive frames, having supports at their lower ends susceptible to fit laterally on the right feet of the frames in which it is attached, allowing the mounting of the provisional protection fence on the upper platform from the lower part of the same and its successive transfer to higher levels to obtain provisional protection fences. 10. Improvements in facade scaffolding, according to claim 1, characterized in that the beams mounted on frame frames of facade openings are coupled by suspension, at the longitudinally precise point according to the length of the span, on the side arms of a coupled supplementary piece to each of the frames or right feet of the ends, whose supplementary pieces are in turn suspended from the rings of said frames or right feet. 11. Refinements in facade scaffolding, according to claim 10, characterized in that said supplementary parts have a central element provided superiorly with a suspension hook in the frame rings, at the bottom presenting an arched or "U" profile for its centering on the frame itself and having horizontal arms in the middle for the suspension of the beams of the porch.