EP4357121A1 - Baling press for continuous loading of material to be pressed - Google Patents

Abstract

Baling presses are known from the state of the art in which the material to be pressed is filled in via a filling chamber, whereby the filling chamber is blocked during pressing so that it does not get behind the press ram and hinder or block it when it returns from the pressing chamber. In the state of the art, such constructions are very space-consuming. With other solutions, the press cannot be fed any further during the pressing process.

The invention aims to create a baling press with a compact design, in which continuous feeding is possible even during the pressing process and which creates the largest possible filling space (5) up to behind the press ram (10), from which the material (17) can still be conveyed into the pressing space (3).

Description

The present invention relates to a baler for the continuous feeding of material to be pressed, comprising a press housing which surrounds a filling chamber for receiving the material and a pressing chamber for pressing the material by means of a horizontally movable pressing ram.

Such a baler is already available from US 4,125,068 A previously known. A channel baling press is described there which has a filling chamber into which material can be filled. The filled material falls into a space in front of a pressing ram and is pressed with the help of this against an insertion element which can be lowered into the pressing channel. After the pressing process, the insertion element is lifted out of the channel and the pressed material is pushed further into the channel by the pressing ram, with strapping taking place afterwards. The strapped bales can then be removed from the exit of the channel.

However, such a solution takes up a lot of space and is not suitable for all locations. In addition, it is a very complex construction that involves numerous press cylinders and thrust elements, so the costs of such a system are considerable.

Especially for applications where small amounts of material are to be pressed, it is helpful to choose a compact and cost-effective design, although small designs always have a low capacity for the material to be pressed. Well-known balers therefore represent at best a compromise between the two extremes of high capacity and small size. Especially with a continuous feed of material to be pressed, sufficient capacity must be guaranteed so that the supply of material does not have to be interrupted during the pressing process.

Against this background, the present invention is based on the object of creating a baler which has a high absorption capacity for the material to be pressed in order to ensure continuous pressing, and which also has a design that is as compact and thus space-saving as possible.

This object is achieved by a baler for the continuous feeding of material to be pressed according to the features of independent claim 1. Useful embodiments of such a baler can be taken from the subsequent dependent claims.

A baling press is therefore provided for the continuous feeding of material to be pressed, comprising a press housing which surrounds a filling chamber for receiving the material and a pressing chamber for pressing the material using a horizontally movable pressing ram. According to the invention, such a baling press is characterized in that a first portal frame which surrounds the pressing ram is assigned to the latter in an articulated manner and which has a blade element facing the filling chamber and guided in a pivoting movement as a result of a movement of the pressing ram along an inner contour of the filling chamber, as well as at least one Shovel element has an engageable closure element for covering a space between the pivoted-out shovel element and the press ram.

In such a baler, the press ram is initially held in a starting position near a side wall opposite the removal side of the baler. Material to be pressed is filled in via a filling chamber, which is preferably designed as a filling funnel. After the filling chamber has been filled for the first time, the press ram is moved into the pressing chamber and the material is pushed into the pressing chamber, ideally already pressed. As the press ram advances into the pressing chamber, it leaves an open space behind it into which further material can fall as part of a further, continuous feed. If the press ram were to move back after the pressing process, such material would be in the way of the press ram. Therefore, the portal frame, which is articulated to the press ram, will pivot away from the press ram about its hinge axis as the press ram moves forward and move downwards along the inner contour of the side wall opposite the press ram towards a floor surface. Closure elements connected to the portal frame cover the space remaining between the press ram and the downward-swinging portal frame, so that the material remains on the cover of the portal frame and the closure elements. In extreme cases, the portal frame can be lowered to a flat position on the floor surface, with the closure elements and the cover of the portal frame keeping the back of the press ram free and forming a kind of ramp. In this state, the filling space behind the press ram has increased as it has been pushed forward into the pressing chamber.

If the press ram now moves back, the cover of the portal frame forms a scoop element and slides under the material that has meanwhile fallen into the filling chamber behind the press ram and lifts it up. A free edge of the scoop element is guided over an inner contour of the filling chamber and thereby raised until the closure elements, which can be pushed under the blade element, are pushed in again. In this position, the material lifted by the blade element can cross the upper edge of the press ram and fall down in front of the press ram. During a further pressing process, the additional material is now pushed into the pressing chamber and pressed there.

Finally, the press ram inserted into the pressing chamber allows a large part of the space it occupies to be used as a filling space and the scoop element lifts material that has fallen behind the press ram over the press ram and places it in front of it in a subsequent pressing process.

In a specific embodiment, a plurality of closure elements can be assigned to the first portal frame, with a first closure element being connected to the press ram in an articulated manner. A large distance between the press ram and the portal frame can be overcome by a plurality of closure elements that are connected to one another and can be moved over one another. In order to be able to enclose an angle with the press ram, at least one closure element must be connected to it in an articulated manner, with such an articulated connection also being able to consist, for example, of an edge being formed that can engage with the press ram when it slides over it. A permanent articulated connection is possible, but not necessary.

Alternatively, a plurality of closure elements can be assigned to the first portal frame, with a first closure element being firmly connected to the press ram and a second closure element being connected to the first closure element in an articulated manner. Such a construction simplifies the connection of the closure elements to the press ram. The articulated, if necessary detachable connection now between a first and a The second closure element can now be formed in a simple manner, for example by folding over on both sides.

There are several options for the design of the closure elements. A first and preferred option provides that several closure elements are designed as telescopic plates that can be moved into or over one another. In the starting position of the press ram, these telescopic plates are stacked on top of one another and are preferably guided laterally under the blade element of the first portal frame. When the first portal frame is pivoted away from the press ram, the telescopic plates move in parallel and form a barrier between the filling space and the area between the press ram and the first portal frame.

In a specific embodiment, at least one closure element can also be designed as a portal frame. This is particularly useful for a first closure element that is attached directly to the press ram and is mounted immovably relative to it. Such a first closure element can be completely accommodated in the first portal frame when the press ram is fully retracted, i.e. at a maximum distance from the pressing chamber, and is thus stored in a space-saving manner. At the same time, the design as a rectangular portal frame with two edges provides particularly high stability, so that a first closure element shaped in this way can also carry larger loads without any problems.

Furthermore, several closure elements designed as portal frames can have triangular side flanks and can be moved into one another in a fan shape around a common joint. This means that the stability mentioned is also achieved for intermediate closure elements. Since the portals become smaller and smaller from the first portal frame to the press ram, they can all be nested into one another and therefore do not add bulk. The press ram can still be moved close to the side wall opposite the press chamber.

The invention can be further developed in that the inner contour forms an arcuate transition from a floor surface of the filling chamber to a side wall of the filling chamber opposite the press ram. This allows the free end of the blade element to be guided upwards along the inner contour. On the one hand, with a passive element, this can cause the blade element to be raised continuously, and on the other hand, this results in a seal against the side wall opposite the press ram during the complete movement of the blade element, so that no material to be pressed can penetrate under the first portal frame and thus into the travel path of the press ram.

Preferably, the first portal frame can be pivoted out by means of a guide rail, a motor drive, a suspension or due to gravity when the press ram is disengaged into the filling chamber and can be pivoted towards it when the press ram is engaged. In addition to the previously mentioned possibility of operation due to gravity, the first portal frame can thus be actively raised by spring force or with motor support. The first portal frame and/or other locking elements in particular can also be guided by attaching a suitable lateral guide rail, which can be assigned to one of the side walls of the press housing extending in the direction of movement of the press ram. If gravity and support on the inner contour are used, the first portal frame will be designed in such a way that it forms an excess weight on the side facing away from the press ram, so that the first portal frame pivots away from the press ram when it is disengaged.

In addition, the blade element can be assigned at least one sliding element on an edge contacting the inner contour, preferably at least one roller. This facilitates the sliding of the edge facing the inner contour. Edge along the inner contour, especially during the pushing movement associated with the engagement of the press ram.

It is particularly advantageous if a joint is provided at the lower end of the press ram between the at least one portal frame and the press ram. The deeper such a joint is located, the easier it is for the first portal frame to be moved upwards again when the press ram is retracted. Several portal frames, including the closure elements, can be connected to the same joint, if available.

It is also advantageous if an edge in the transition between the filling chamber and the pressing chamber, or the upper edge of the pressing ram, is assigned a shearing blade for shearing off material protruding from the pressing chamber into the filling chamber. As the pressing ram is disengaged, it will enter the pressing chamber from the filling chamber. During this movement, the material clamped between the pressing ram and the wall of the press housing can be sheared off.

The press ram can therefore be moved using press cylinders located outside the press chamber and the filling chamber. Since the space behind the press ram is to be used as part of the filling chamber and the portal frames also have to be pivoted at this point, such lateral operation of the press ram from outside the press housing is particularly advantageous.

The filling chamber can also be fed by means of a lifting and tilting device or a conveyor device. Continuous conveyors such as roller or belt conveyors are particularly suitable for continuous feeding.

In a specific embodiment, the material can be pressed by means of the press ram against a press chamber door opposite the press ram or into a tapered press channel. In the case of pressing against A particularly compact design can be achieved by using a press chamber door, as no press channel needs to be enclosed. Nevertheless, the working principle described above also allows use in a channel baling press.

Finally, with particular advantage, a strapping device for strapping bales made from the material pressed in the pressing chamber can be assigned to the pressing chamber. This allows bales to be made from the pressed material by winding wire loops around a pressed material body and connecting them at the ends.

The invention described above is explained in more detail below using an embodiment.

Figur 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Ballenpresse mit vollständig eingerücktem Pressstempel in seitlicher Querschnittsdarstellung,

Figur 2

die Ballenpresse gemäß Figur 1 mit ausrückendem Pressstempel vor dessen Eintritt in den Pressraum,

Figur 3

die Ballenpresse gemäß Figur 1 mit ausrückendem Pressstempel nach dessen Eintritt in den Pressraum,

Figur 4

die Ballenpresse gemäß Figur 1 mit vollständig ausgerücktem Pressstempel,

Figur 5

die Ballenpresse gemäß Figur 1 mit einrückendem Pressstempel vor dessen Austritt aus dem Pressraum,

Figur 6

die Ballenpresse gemäß Figur 1 mit einrückendem Pressstempel nach dessen Austritt aus dem Pressraum,

Figur 7

die Ballenpresse gemäß Figur 1 mit wieder vollständig eingerücktem Pressstempel.

Show it

Figure 1

a baler according to the invention with the press ram fully retracted in a side cross-sectional view,

Figure 2

the baler according to Figure 1 with the pressing ram moving out before it enters the pressing chamber,

Figure 3

the baler according to Figure 1 with the pressing ram disengaging after it enters the pressing chamber,

Figure 4

the baler according to Figure 1 with fully extended press ram,

Figure 5

the baler according to Figure 1 with the press ram engaging before it exits the press chamber,

Figure 6

the baler according to Figure 1 with the press ram retracting after it leaves the press chamber,

Figure 7

the baler according to Figure 1 with the press ram fully retracted.

Figure 1 shows a baling press 1, the press housing 2 of which encloses a pressing chamber 3 and a filling chamber 5. The pressing chamber 3 and the filling chamber 5 are not clearly separated from each other, but rather are designed to merge into each other. A pressing ram 10 is moved as far as possible to a side wall 7 opposite the pressing ram 10 and thus as far away as possible from the pressing chamber 3. With the help of a lifting/tilting device 16, Figure 1 A boxing carriage 19 loaded with packaging material, such as cardboard boxes in particular, has already been emptied into a filling chamber designed as a filling funnel. The material 17 falls into the filling chamber 5 and into the area in front of the pressing ram 10, i.e. the area between the pressing ram 10 and a pressing chamber door 4 opposite it, against which the pressing ram 10 will press the material 17 into a bale 18.

The press ram 10 is covered on three sides by a first portal frame 11, which forms a shovel element 12 above the press ram, i.e. facing the falling material 17. The material 17 falling onto the shovel element 12 of the first portal frame 11 from the boxing carriage 19 bounces off the shovel element 12 and falls in front of the press ram 10. As soon as the interior of the baling press 1 is sufficiently filled, the pressing process is started, as in Figure 2 shown.

For this purpose, the press ram 10 is moved by means of external press cylinders, which are not shown in the picture and are parallel to the direction of movement of the press ram 10 act, is actuated. As a result of the advance of the press ram 10, the first portal frame 11, which is hingedly attached to the press ram 10, folds out to the rear and in the direction of the side wall 7 and is guided on an inner contour 8 of the side wall 7. A front edge of the blade element 12, which is furthest away from the press ram 10, slides along the inner contour 8 as the press ram 10 moves forward in the direction of the base surface 6. Material 17 which has already fallen in front of the press ram 10 is now pressed into the pressing chamber 3, and material 17 still remaining on the first portal frame 11 is prevented by the portal frame 11 swinging out to the rear from falling behind the press ram 11, i.e. between the press ram 11 and the side wall 7. As the portal frame 11 pivots out, it pivots over a first closure element 13 designed as a further portal frame, the surface of which facing the filling chamber 5 now complements the surface of the first portal frame 11 to form a closure surface.

Figure 3 shows the press ram 10 after it has entered the press chamber 3. The material 17 located in front of the press ram 10 is now pushed forward into the area of a press chamber door 4 before it is pressed against it. In the meantime, the first portal frame 11 pivots further downward along the inner contour 8, having also left the area of the first closure element 13. As the movement continues, telescopic sheets 15 slide out from under the first portal frame as further closure elements, which connect the facing edges of the first closure element 13 and the first portal frame 11 to one another and thus continue to prevent the material 17 that is filled into the filling chamber 5 from falling into the area immediately behind the press ram 10. In this case, as the press ram 10 moves into the press chamber 3, the filling chamber 5 is expanded so that more material can continue to be accommodated in it during the pressing process.

In Figure 4 the press ram 10 is at the point of its greatest deflection. The first portal frame 11 has also slid down along the inner contour 8 on the side wall 7 and is now resting on the floor surface. Nevertheless, the space between the first portal frame 11 and the press ram 10 is sealed and free of material 17, since a plurality of telescopic sheets 15 are disengaged between the first portal frame 11 and the first closure element 13 and complement each other to form a closure surface. A second closure element 14, which is also designed as a telescopic sheet 15, is connected in an articulated manner to the first closure element 13, if necessary via a fold which engages in a corresponding counter fold of the first closure element 13. The material 17 between the press ram 10 and the press room door 4 is now pressed and can be strapped into a bale 18 in a later step.

The press ram 10 will then be retracted, i.e. moved in the direction of the side wall 7. The cover surface of the first portal frame 11 will act as a scoop element 12 and will reach under the material 17 in the now maximally expanded filling space 5 and lift it up. The edge of the scoop element facing away from the press ram 10 will first sweep over an arc-shaped transition 9 of the inner contour 8 between the base surface 6 and the side wall 7 and will be diverted from a backward movement to an upward movement. As the upward movement begins, the telescopic sheets 15 slide together again and under the scoop element 12 and the material 17 that has already fallen into the area of the base surface 6 is lifted up again.

In Figure 5 the shovel element 12 has already moved upwards again beyond the curved transition 9 along the side wall 7 and lifted the material 17, while the press ram 10 moves away from the pressed and meanwhile strapped bale 18. As soon as the press ram 10 clears the way into the pressing chamber 3 again as a result of the further engagement, as in Figure 6 As shown, the blade element can be located on it Material 17 is conveyed over the press ram 10 and in front of it, so that the material previously remaining in the filling chamber 5 can now still fall into the press chamber. This is finally in Figure 7 shown where the press ram 10 is again in its fully retracted position. The first portal frame 11 is pushed together with the telescopic plates 15 and the first closure element 13 and continues to seal a space behind the press ram 10 against the material 17 collapsing.

What is described above is a baler which has a high holding capacity for the material to be pressed in order to ensure continuous pressing, and which also has a design that is as compact and therefore space-saving as possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

1

Baler

2

Press housing

3

Press room

4

Press room door

5

Filling chamber

6

Floor area

7

Side wall

8th

Inner contour

9

arched transition

10

Press stamp

11

first portal frame

12

Shovel element

13

first closure element

14

second locking element

15

Telescopic sheet

16

Lifting/tilting device

17

material

18

Bale

19

Boxing trolley

Claims (15)

Baling press for continuous feeding with material to be pressed (17), comprising a press housing (2) which surrounds a filling chamber (5) for receiving the material (17) and a pressing chamber (3) for pressing the material (17) by means of a horizontally movable pressing ram (10),
characterized in that the press ram (3) is articulatedly associated with a first portal frame (11) which surrounds the latter and has a blade element (12) facing the filling chamber (5) and guided in a pivoting movement as a result of a movement of the press ram (10) along an inner contour (8) of the filling chamber (5), and at least one closure element (13, 14) which can be engaged under the blade element (12) for covering a space between the pivoted-out blade element (12) and the press ram (10). Baler according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of closure elements (13, 14) are assigned to the first portal frame (11), wherein a first closure element (13) is hingedly connected to the press ram (10). Baler according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of closure elements (13, 14) are assigned to the first portal frame (11), wherein a first closure element (13) is firmly connected to the press ram (10) and a second closure element (14) is articulated to the first closure element (13). Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several closure elements (13, 14) are designed as or telescopic plates (15) which can be moved one above the other. Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one closure element (13, 14) is also designed as a portal frame (11). Baler according to claim 5, characterized in that several closure elements (13, 14) designed as portal frames (11) have triangular side flanks and can be displaced into one another in a fan shape around a common joint. Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner contour (8) forms an arcuate transition from a bottom surface (6) of the filling chamber (5) to a side wall (7) of the filling chamber (5) opposite the press ram (10). Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first portal frame (11) can be pivoted out into the filling chamber (5) by means of a guide rail, a motor drive, a suspension or due to gravity when the press ram (10) is disengaged and can be pivoted towards the latter when the press ram (10) is engaged. Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade element (12) is assigned at least one sliding element on an edge contacting the inner contour (8), preferably at least one roller. Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the at least one portal frame (11) and the press ram (10), a joint is provided at the lower end of the press ram (10). Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an edge in the transition between the filling chamber (5) and the pressing chamber (3), or the upper edge of the pressing ram (10), is assigned a shearing blade for shearing off material (17) protruding from the pressing chamber (3) into the filling chamber (5). Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press ram (10) is moved by means of press cylinders located outside the press chamber (3) and filling chamber (5). Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling chamber (5) is fed by means of a lifting-tilting device (16) or a conveying device. Baling press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material (17) can be pressed by means of the pressing ram (10) against a pressing chamber door (4) opposite the pressing ram (10) or into a tapering pressing channel. Baler according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressing chamber (3) is assigned a strapping device for strapping bales pressed from the material in the pressing chamber.

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