EP4256135A1

EP4256135A1 - Floating building development

Info

Publication number: EP4256135A1
Application number: EP21819035.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Joshua Kristan; Holger Kristan
Original assignee: Joshua & Holger Kristan GbR
Current assignee: Joshua & Holger Kristan GbR
Priority date: 2020-12-02
Filing date: 2021-11-17
Publication date: 2023-10-11
Also published as: WO2022117340A1; DE102020131927A1; US20240026629A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a building development (1), comprising a building (4) situated on a building-development foundation (2), wherein the building-development foundation (2) has a pontoon (8), having at least one float (6), for floating on a liquid, and has a pile mooring (10) which extends along a pile-mooring axis (X) perpendicularly to the pontoon (8) through a pass-through opening (14) of the pontoon (8). The pass-through opening (14) is formed centrally in the pontoon (8) and the pontoon (8) is mounted so as to be rotationally movable about the pile mooring (10) that extends through the pass-through opening (14). The pontoon (8) can be oriented and positioned about the pile-mooring axis (X), wherein the pile mooring (10) projects through the pass-through opening (14) of the pontoon (8), and through a first opening (16) in a base of a receiving chamber situated above the pass-through opening (14), and into the receiving chamber. The invention also relates to a building-development foundation (2) and a pile mooring (10) of such a building development (1).

Description

“Floating Development”

The invention relates to a development comprising a building arranged on a development base. The building base has at least one floating body having a pontoon for floating on a liquid and at least one dolphin. The dolphin extends along a dolphin axis perpendicular to the pontoon through a reach-through opening of the pontoon.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a building base and a dolphin of such a building.

A development of the generic type is known from the prior art of floating houses, which are arranged on a body of water, in particular a lake, the sea or a river. Floating houses of this type are held in their respective position in the water by means of dolphins in translation and rotation.

For a realignment of the pontoon on the water surface, it is necessary with known structures to separate them from the dolphin and/or the anchors and thereby release both the translational movement and the rotational movement of the pontoon on the water surface. This procedure is complex and time-consuming.

It is also known that the floating houses are designed in such a way that they can float up or sink along a displacement area along the axis of the dolphin, in particular when the water level is high or low, relative to the dolphin together with the water level, so that at least one side of the pontoons always sticking out of the water. The development can therefore adapt to changing water levels. As a result, areas of water can be used as building areas without costly draining of water bodies and flood protection measures.

In one aspect, it is disadvantageous with known houses and in particular with houses mounted floating on dolphins, that during a storm they represent a large target for gusts of wind and/or objects thrown up. Due to the wind-related forces, large forces also act on the dolphins and damage to the dolphin and/or the pontoon can occur.

In addition, it can be disadvantageous, especially if resource-consuming applications, e.g. B. a sink or a socket, are arranged that the appropriate supply lines must be laid from a utility to the development base. As an alternative to this, concepts for self-sufficiency, for example through wind and/or solar energy and/or desalination plants and/or water reservoirs and/or sewage treatment plants, are also known. The waste water generated is often collected in tanks that have to be emptied regularly.

In order to connect the known buildings to an external supplier, it is known to connect them to at least one supply line running essentially parallel to the water surface, often a flexible cable and/or a flexible pipeline. The supply lines often extend over long distances, so that they are exposed to the weather and/or the water and the movements caused by the different water levels age more quickly. In addition, from an aesthetic point of view, these lines do not look visually appealing. In addition, the known supply lines can be viewed from the outside and are relatively easily accessible, in particular for unauthorized intervention by third parties.

Furthermore, the supply lines of known buildings can be designed with a tolerance such that they with an axial displacement of the pontoon, z. B. at high water, along the dolphin axis the shift can compensate. This usually happens when a flexible line, in particular a loose cable, has a length adapted to the greatest displacement path, with the result that the line, when positioned neutrally within the displacement path, requires more installation space due to its dimensioning and is regularly routed loosely.

Despite the well-known disadvantages, floating living concepts have the advantage that, in particular due to the floating mounting of the pontoon on the liquid, there is damping, for example against seismic vibrations during earthquakes. The floating houses also have the advantage over classic foundation structures on solid ground that they can float up in the event of a flood and the buildings are less susceptible to water ingress.

Furthermore, classic buildings are stationary by means of their foundations and floating houses by means of their dolphins in rotation and translation, so that the building in particular is always arranged pointing in one direction and the sun illuminates the building from changing directions over the course of the day. In particular, it is disadvantageous for the residents of the house that they have to adapt their use of the room to the position of the sun, for example, depending on the room layout and room size, it is not possible to enjoy a sunset and a sunrise from the same room. Furthermore, solar collectors of a photovoltaic system are regularly at least partially aligned in one direction. The changing position of the sun relative to the building in known buildings reduces the efficiency of the solar collectors. It can also be disadvantageous with known buildings that, depending on the room layout of the building, the rooms are not protected from the view of third parties or direct sunlight, and the facade of the building, which is blown by gusts of wind, cannot be changed during a storm, so that, for example, the wind and Objects thrown up by the wind bang against a glass front of the building, which is more vulnerable than an adjacent brick facade. The invention is based on the object of providing a structure that avoids the problems known from the prior art with regard to positioning or alignment and in particular enables protection against unauthorized intervention by third parties and/or in particular environmental influences, in particular environmental disasters .

The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Due to the fact that the reach-through opening is formed centrally in the pontoon and the pontoon is mounted so that it can be rotated manually or by motor around the dolphin that extends through the reach-through opening, with the pontoon being able to be aligned and positioned around the dolphin axis, in particular by 360°, with the Dalbe protrudes through the reach-through opening of the pontoon and through a first opening in a floor of a receiving space arranged above the reach-through opening into the receiving space.

Furthermore, the rotation of the pontoon around the dolphin, e.g. B. in summer, if necessary, turning one side of the building away from possibly excessive solar radiation on windows/glass surfaces. Likewise, the rotation around the Dalbe in the winter months allows the direct incidence of the sun's heat on a selected side of the building.

In terms of comfort, there is also the possibility of always being able to decide which view of the surroundings is granted to the users, residents and/or guests of the building and which view of the building is not granted to outsiders.

The building can also be optimally positioned for storm protection, in particular the building can be positioned in such a way that the air flow flows around the building particularly well and/or a particularly robust facade of the building points against the wind direction. Furthermore, the object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 2. In that the building base has a basin filled with the liquid, the pontoon being arranged floating on the liquid in the basin, and the dolphin extending along the axis of the dolphin from a bottom of the basin, the dolphin being immovably connected to the basin is, the development basis can be arranged independently of natural waters with particular advantage. The development basis shows advantageous damping, especially in earthquake regions. Such a building base can accordingly be used like a foundation of a building and offers an alternative to known concrete foundations. In particular, the basin serves as a buffer for the primary energy in the event of an earthquake, in order to offer little static attack surface, especially when built in a clearly predefined sand/gravel bed. Thus, only a small seismic amount of ultimately secondary energy acts on the building placed on the pontoon or building base.

The rotationally movable pontoon is expediently arranged on the liquid in the basin with a dolphin arranged centrally in the pontoon.

The rotationally movable pontoon can expediently be aligned and positioned rotationally around the dolphin axis by preferably 360° by means of a motor designed to be immovable with respect to the pontoon. A gear ratio is preferably designed and arranged in such a way that the force of the motor can act on a force application element of the dolphin. An electric motor is preferably used, which in particular is digitally controlled. Particularly advantageously, the digital control enables automated positioning, which z. B. is dependent on the time, the position of the sun or the room temperature of a possibly arranged on the development base building.

According to one variant of the invention, at least one connecting means for connecting at least one supply line for a Arranged connection technology of the building, wherein the Dalbe is designed as a hollow body and has at least one supply channel, and at least one supply line of the connection technology is passed through the supply channel, which is designed to be connected to the connecting means in the receiving space. The supply line is advantageously protected from external influences, with no additional installation space being required which would impede paths. In particular, the connection technology can be water and/or waste water and/or electricity and/or telecommunications technology.

Furthermore, the supply line can be routed underground and in particular through a foundation of the dolphin and not visible from the outside from a supplier to the building, so that unauthorized intervention by third parties is made more difficult. In this sense, the optical appearance is not adversely affected by the connection technology and the connection technology is protected from environmental influences.

In order to maintain the rotational mobility, the supply line is expediently designed in particular in such a way that it can compensate for a rotation of the pontoon around the axis of the dolphin, in particular by 360°, for example by using at least one connecting means as a mechanical strap contact and/or sliding contact and/or ball-bearing plug contact for the electrical lines and/or pivotable coupling and/or rotatable high-temperature pipe connection for the water lines and/or a pipe-in-pipeline running coaxially to the dolphin axis is designed for the simultaneous guidance of a waste water flow and a fresh water flow.

A connecting means is preferably designed as a sliding contact with a current collector that is stationary relative to the pontoon and a slip ring that is arranged on the dolphin in a rotationally fixed manner. Metal rails, in particular five metal rails, are expediently arranged circumferentially on the slip ring, with the current collector being able to contact the metal rails in an angular range of 360° around the axis of the dolphin. According to an advantageous embodiment, intermediate reservoirs, in particular a fresh water reservoir and/or a waste water reservoir, are arranged in the pontoon and/or in the building. In particular, the fresh water reservoir and/or the waste water reservoir consists of several, in particular four, tanks, preferably plastic tanks, which are continuously connected to one another. In order to fill up or empty the intermediate storage, the pontoon is aligned in a supply position relative to the dolphin. In the supply position, the intermediate stores can be connected manually or automatically, in particular by means of a motor rail and a bayonet lock, to supply lines arranged in the dolphin.

In particular, the liquid in the basin has at least some additives, with the additives preferably lowering the freezing point of the water.

In particular, the risk of frost damage is reduced. As a result, the erection and use of a development with a basin is possible or advantageously facilitated even in places prone to freezing. In addition or as an alternative, the liquid can also have additives for liquid purification and/or against algae growth.

Advantageously, the basin has an integrated inflow and outflow, supported in particular by pumps. The inlet and outlet makes it possible in particular that a level of a surface of the liquid in the basin can be variably selected and adjusted. The variable water level has the advantage that the pontoon can be lowered or raised in the basin together with the building. This gives the possibility, similar to a leveling system, of adapting the structure to a total load on the structure basis by maintaining a designed distance between the pontoon and the bottom of the basin. In particular, the draft of the pontoon relative to the surface of the liquid is not influenced by the level of the liquid. In addition to the advantage for comfort, the development can also be adapted to the user in terms of accessibility. In addition or as an alternative, the inflow and outflow allows that the liquid can be cleaned and/or heated and/or exchanged, in particular without affecting the water level.

In particular, by means of the variable water level, the pontoon is designed to be displaceable relative to the dolphin along the axis of the dolphin within a displacement range. The building and/or the building base expediently has connection means for connecting at least one supply line for a connection technology of the building. The supply line preferably runs through the supply channel of the dolphin to protect against external influences, as already described. The supply line is preferably designed in such a way that it can compensate for an axial displacement of the pontoon relative to the dolphin along the axis of the dolphin. For example, this can be achieved in that at least one supply line is designed as a telescopic line.

The displacement area of the dolphin in the direction of the liquid is expediently designed in such a way that when the pontoon is in the low position, the building is arranged over part of its height within the basin. It is advantageous here that by sinking the building, protection is achieved in the event of strong storms, such as hurricanes or hurricanes, by reducing the area of the building exposed to the wind.

Especially in rainy regions, the basin preferably has an integrated overflow protection. This can be implemented expediently by means of float valves. A maximum level of the surface of the liquid in the basin can thereby be set in a particularly simple and error-resistant manner.

The building preferably has a second opening in a ceiling of the accommodation space or in the roof of the building in the area above the access opening, so that the dolphin can protrude in the second opening, particularly when the pontoon is in the low position. In a normal position of the pontoon relative to the dolphin, the dolphin preferably protrudes from the opening into the accommodation space with a projection to the bottom of the accommodation space. The displacement area extends at least partially over the overhang, so that the pontoon can float at least from the normal position to a high position within the displacement area.

The normal position corresponds in particular to a positioning of the pontoon relative to the dolphin, in which the pontoon essentially, i. H. in relation to other layers, arranged most of the time. For example, the displacement bench extends between a normal position, in which the pontoon is properly arranged, and the high position, e.g. B. at high tide or high tide, when the pontoon floats extremely.

The extent of the overhang determines the maximum possible floating height and can be adapted in particular to the prevailing laws relating to storm forecasts and disaster warnings.

In particular, the displacement area of the dolphin is designed in such a way that the pontoon, starting from the normal position of the pontoon relative to the dolphin, can sink in a direction pointing towards the liquid down to a low position within the displacement area, e.g. B. at low tide or a falling liquid level.

To protect against the weather, the second opening advantageously has a manual or automatic closure which closes the second opening when the dolphin is not arranged in the second opening.

The pontoon advantageously has a manual and/or an automated, in particular hydraulic, level control system. The level control system adjusts the surface of the pontoon facing the building, preferably by means of displaceable load entries in the floating body, in a horizontal plane liquid surface. The level control system is particularly advantageously designed in such a way that it can continuously monitor and preferably continuously readjust the alignment of the pontoon. Depending on the structure of the building or depending on the weight distribution on the building base, the level control system can compensate for weight differences. The level control system preferably also has an alarm unit, which gives the user a signal when the weight difference can no longer be compensated for and localizes the location of the critical weight difference. The user employing the alarm system is thereby able to locate and adjust the weight distribution on the building base.

In particular, the pontoon has one or more floating bodies, one floating body preferably having individual chambers which, depending on the weight distribution, can be adjusted statically or dynamically to the weight difference using the level control system. For example, individual chambers or entire floating bodies can be filled with the liquid on which they float, or the liquid can be redistributed out of the chambers or the floating bodies and drained into other chambers or floating bodies.

Alternatively or in addition, the level control system can be improved or provided by means of a fluid intermediate storage device arranged circumferentially in the pontoon. The fluids in the tanks of the fresh water reservoir or the waste water reservoir can expediently be pumped around systematically with pump support. As a result, the weight distribution of the pontoon can be dynamically adjusted to variable loads.

The building can be supplemented with a fireproof roof construction. This is advantageous for buildings that can be threatened by wildfires, especially in regions with a climatic tendency to dryness and/or drought. Advantageously, the lowerable building base in combination with a fireproof roof surface of the building ensures protection of the building in the event of a fire in the surrounding area. For this purpose, the building expediently has a watertight, trough-like flat roof structure which includes a water basin. In particular, the water basin, especially in the event of a fire in the area, can be flooded with the liquid that is temporarily no longer required, expediently the liquid from the basin, using pump technology.

A circumferential roof overhang is particularly advantageous, which, after the building has sunk, dips flush with the ground into a groove running all around the upper edge of the basin, in particular with a spring. If necessary, the throat is flooded with a liquid, for example water, and enables cooling and protection against penetrating smoke gases. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that there is no physical resistance to the fire when the building base or building is in a lowered state, and even a fire event forced by strong winds, such as a fire storm, quickly spreads across the building without local fuel for the flames.

Refractory materials have proven to be advantageous materials for the flat roof structure and/or the roof overhang. In particular, the compartment roof structure and/or the roof overhang is made of alloyed and/or unalloyed steels and/or ceramic composites.

Small-scale tests with a simulated seat of fire resulted in a moderate evaporation of the surface water with a simultaneous warming to approx. 35 °C.

The flat roof structure expediently has greenery with low lichens and/or mosses and/or grasses or can be planted with greenery. Preferably, a plant substrate is used for greening, which consists at least partially of topsoil and is preferably enriched with perlite and expanded clay, in particular to save weight. All of the aforementioned versions can advantageously be designed in modular form. Thus, with the help of prefabricated building elements from multi-part pontoons to movable wall elements and standardized basins, it is even possible to move the building over land or water. Furthermore, a modular structure allows the building to be individually adapted to the respective environmental conditions and preferences.

Furthermore, the object on which the invention is based is achieved by a base for a building, with the building base having a pontoon on which a structure, in particular a building, can be arranged. According to the invention, the development basis for solving the problem corresponds to one of the above statements.

Furthermore, the object on which the invention is based is achieved by a dolphin with the features of claim 20, which according to the invention has the features of one of the aforementioned versions of the dolphin.

Further advantageous refinements of the invention result from the following description of the figures and the dependent subclaims.

Show it:

1 shows a partial sectional view axially to a dolphin axis through a first embodiment of a building,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view axially to a dolphin axis through a

execution of a building base,

3 shows a sectional view perpendicular to the dolphin axis, along AA according to FIG. 2, through a building base, 4 shows a perspective view of a dolphin with connection technology guided in the dolphin,

5 shows a side view perpendicular to the axis of the dolphin in viewing direction B according to FIG. 4, of the dolphin according to FIG. 4 with a motor,

6 shows a partial sectional view axially to a dolphin axis through a further embodiment of a building in a normal position,

Fig. 7 is a partial sectional view axially to a dolphin axis through the

Execution of the development from Figure 6 in an elevated position,

Fig. 8 is a partial sectional view axially to a dolphin axis through the

Execution of the development from Figure 6 in a low-lying area,

9 shows a partial sectional view axially to a dolphin axis through a further embodiment of the development in the low-lying area,

10 a sectional view perpendicular to the dolphin axes through a rectangular pontoon,

11 shows a sectional view perpendicular to the dolphin axes through an L-shaped pontoon,

Fig. 12 is a schematic, partially sectioned representation of a

recording space of a building.

13 shows a partial sectional view axially to a dolphin axis through a further embodiment of the development with a central dolphin in a low position, and 14 shows a partial sectional view axially to a dolphin axis through a further embodiment of the development with at least one decentralized dolphin in a low position.

In the various figures of the drawing, the same parts are always provided with the same reference numbers.

The following description claims that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and is not limited to all or more features of the combinations of features described, rather each individual partial feature of the/each exemplary embodiment is also detached from all other partial features described in connection with it also in combination with any features of another embodiment of importance for the subject matter of the invention.

Figures 1 and 6 to 9 show a development 1 having a building 4 arranged on a development base 2.

The building base 2 has a pontoon 8 having at least one floating body s for floating on a liquid and at least one dolphin 10 . The development 1 according to FIG. 1 has in particular only one dolphin 10 . In particular, the pontoon 8 is round in plan view, as shown in FIG. 3, or angular, as shown in FIGS. In addition, the floating body 6 of the pontoon 8 is shown in FIG. The building 4 is arranged on a surface 12 of the pontoon 8 facing towards the building 4 .

According to an embodiment that is not shown, a pontoon 8 with more than one floating body 6 preferably has a support structure in which the floating bodies s are held arranged. The support frame, which holds the individual floating bodies s together, can expediently be replaced by connections of the individual floating bodies 6 to one another. In particular, the floating bodies 6 are connected to one another in a material or non-positive and/or non-positive manner, preferably screwed, glued or welded.

The pontoon 8 or the floating body 6 can advantageously be made of metal, in particular steel or aluminum, fiberglass or carbon. Also from a combination of materials, e.g. B. reinforced concrete can be formed in alternative versions of the pontoon 8 and the floating body.

The dolphin 10 extends along a dolphin axis X perpendicular to the pontoon 8 through a reach-through opening 14 of the pontoon 8 . Exemplary designs of the dolphin 10 are shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 12.

In particular, the pontoon 8 can float or sink together with the building 4 when the liquid level or a liquid surface rises or falls and in this way adapt to environmental conditions or to user requirements for protection or comfort.

In particular, the liquid can be a natural liquid which is arranged in the form of water in a lake, a sea, a river or an artificial pond, a basin 24 or other collection facilities. The dolphin 10 is firmly connected to a foundation on a bottom within the liquid, in particular a lake bottom, sea bottom, river bottom, bottom 26 of the basin 24, pond bottom, etc.

According to the invention, the reach-through opening 14 is formed centrally in the pontoon 8, as shown in FIGS. The pontoon 8 can be aligned and positioned around the dolphin axis X, in particular by 360°, with the dolphin 10 passing through the reach-through opening 14 of the pontoon 8 and through a first opening 16 in a floor of a receiving space arranged above the reach-through opening 14 protrudes into the receiving space. The centrally arranged dolphin 10 has the advantage that no complex mooring is necessary in order to almost completely prevent a translational movement of the pontoon 8 on the liquid surface. In particular, a selected rotational movement of the pontoon 8 to the dolphin 10 with a mooring between the pontoon 8 and an immovable object such. B. on a bank or a jetty, or by means of a blockage between the pontoon 8 and the dolphin 10 can be blocked.

With regard to the needs of the users of this development 1, z. B. the sun orientation for the purpose of targeted solar radiation on a living space or the provision of a jetty for mooring a boat, it is advantageous if the pontoon 8, or the building 4 arranged on the pontoon 8, rotates, in particular by 360 °, around the dolphin 10 can be aligned.

The rotation of the pontoon 8 also advantageously enables, when using photovoltaic technology, in particular on a roof 18 and/or on a facade 20 of the building 4, a constant alignment of the photosensory cells adapted to the position of the sun, which preferably continuously corrects itself. The building base 2 is therefore able to rotate with the course of the sun through manual, in particular automated alignment of the pontoon 8 and enables a significantly optimized incidence of light on the photosensory cells and a higher efficiency of the light or energy yield.

Furthermore, the rotation of the pontoon 8 allows the building 4 to turn away from possibly excessive solar radiation on windows/glass surfaces. Likewise, the rotation around the dolphin 10 enables the opposite orientation to the direct incidence of solar heat.

In terms of comfort, there is also the possibility of always being able to decide which view the users, residents and/or guests of the building 4 have on the Environment is granted, or outsiders on or in the building 4 is not granted.

In particular, the pontoon 8 can be displaced axially within a displacement range 22 along the dolphin axis X relative to the dolphin 10 . In particular, this can result in a changing level of the liquid, e.g. B. in a swell, high water or low water level, are compensated.

In addition or as an alternative to the rotatable house with a central dolphin 10, the building base 2 in a further embodiment according to the invention has a basin 24 filled with the liquid, the pontoon 8 being arranged in the basin 24 floating on the liquid. The dolphin 10 extends along the dolphin axis X from a bottom 26 of the basin 24 , the dolphin 10 being immovably connected to the basin 24 . Embodiments of this development 1 with a development base 2 having the basin 24 are shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 to 9.

In FIGS. 1, 2 and 12, a central dolphin 10 is connected to the bottom 26 of the basin 24, and in FIGS. 6 to 8 two or three dolphins are connected to the bottom 26 of the basin 24. In this embodiment, the development 1 can be erected without any local restrictions, with particular advantage. Such a building base 2 can be used as a foundation of the building 4 accordingly.

The building base 2 with a basin 24 also has, in contrast to classic concrete foundations, advantageous damping, particularly in earthquake regions. This damping is achieved by the beneficial interaction between the basin 24 filled with the liquid and the pontoon 8 floating on the liquid. In particular, the basin 24 serves as a buffer for the primary energy in the event of an earthquake, in order to offer little static attack surface, especially when built in a clearly predefined sand/gravel bed. Thus only one acts low seismic level of ultimately secondary energy on the building 4 arranged on the pontoon 8 or the building base 2 .

The pontoons 8 shown in FIGS. 3, 10 and 11 are advantageously designed as disks with a flat side pointing in the direction of the liquid. In particular, the embodiment of the pontoon 8 that can rotate around the central dolphin 10 according to the embodiment in FIG is possible.

FIG. 10 shows an advantageous embodiment of the pontoon 8, according to which it is designed as a rectangular disk. In particular, with a rectangular building 4 on the building base 2, the rectangular shape of the pontoon 8 allows for better weight distribution and surface area utilization. FIG. 11 shows an embodiment according to which the pontoon 8 is designed as an L-shaped disk and is particularly advantageous for L-shaped superstructures.

Particularly advantageously, the pontoon 8 of the development base 2 shown in the embodiments in Figures 1 to 3 and 12 can be rotated about the dolphin axis X by means of a motor 32 designed to be immovable in relation to the pontoon 8, the motor 32 is not shown in Figure 12, aligned and positioned will. A gear ratio is expediently designed and arranged in such a way that the force of the motor 32 can act on a force application element 34 of the dolphin 10 . A part of the transmission and the force application element 34 of the dolphin 10 are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 as an example.

Motor 32 is particularly advantageously designed as an electric motor which, in one variant, is digitally controlled. FIG. 5 shows an arrangement variant of the motor 32, the gear ratio and the force application element 34. In particular, the motor 32 is designed in such a way that the pontoon 8 can be aligned and positioned by 360° around the axis X of the dolphin. Particularly advantageously, the digital control enables automated positioning, which z. B. depends on the time, the position of the sun or the room temperature of the building 4 arranged on the building base 2 .

The motor 32 expediently has a braking and/or blocking function. This function makes it possible to limit or prevent a rotation of the pontoon 8 about the dolphin axis X, so that in particular no further mooring or blocking element is necessary to keep the pontoon 8 in a chosen orientation.

As shown in FIG. 5, the motor 32, which is immovably arranged on the pontoon 8, has a certain drive height 36 relative to the floor of the receiving space. At this drive level 36, the force is transmitted from the motor 32 to the force application element 34 of the dolphin 10. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a support 38 is arranged between the pontoon 8 and the motor 32, with which the drive height 36 is adjusted. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the force application element 34 advantageously extends axially over a drive section 40 of the dolphin 10. When the pontoon 8 is displaced within the displacement range 22 to the dolphin 10, the drive section 40 is displaced relative to the drive height 36 in the same ratio. In particular, the motor 32, the gear ratio and the force application element 34 are designed in such a way that when the pontoon 8 is displaced axially relative to the dolphin 10 relative to the dolphin 10, the motor force can act on the force application element 34 for as long as the drive height 36 changes in a region of the Drive section 40 is located.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the gear ratio is designed as a gear train. A driving gear wheel 42 connected to the motor 32 can advantageously act on a drivable gear wheel 44 fixed in rotation on the dolphin 10, in particular by means of the force application element 34, with the drivable gear wheel 44 being mounted so that it can be displaced axially to the dolphin axis X within the displacement region 22 . According to a preferred embodiment, not shown, the gear ratio is designed as a bevel gear. It is advantageous if a bevel gear connected to the motor 32 can transmit the force to the ring gear fixed at least rotationally to the dolphin 10 . According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the ring gear is preferably rotationally fixed to the dolphin 10 with force application elements 34 extending axially to the dolphin axis X and is mounted so that it can be displaced axially to the dolphin axis X, in particular within the displacement area 22 .

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the displacement area 22 is designed over 1 m, for example, so that low waves can advantageously be compensated for. If the building base 2 is arranged in the basin 24, a smaller displacement area 22 is also possible. Expediently, the displacement area 22 can also be designed to be larger than 1 m in the case of a development 1 that is mounted so as to be rotatable about the dolphin 10 .

In particular, connecting means for connecting at least one supply line 46 for a connection system of the building 4 are arranged in the receiving space. As shown by way of example in FIGS. 4 and 12, the dolphin 10 is expediently designed as a hollow body and has at least one supply channel 48 . At least one supply line 46 of the connection technology is preferably passed through the supply channel 48 and is designed to be connectable to the connecting means in the receiving space. The connection technology relates in particular to water and/or waste water and/or electricity and/or telecommunications technology. At least one supply line 46 can also be expediently designed as an empty pipe and passed through the dolphin 10, so that connection technology can be retrofitted.

In particular, no additional installation space is required due to the connecting means and the supply lines 46 routed through the supply channel 48 paths obstructed. A particularly advantageous embodiment is shown in particular in FIG. 1, according to which the connection technology is routed through a section of ground 50 and is therefore not optically recognizable or is arranged in such a way that it cannot be manipulated or obstructed. In this sense, the optical appearance is not adversely affected by the connection technology and the connection technology is protected from environmental influences.

The supply line 46 is preferably designed in such a way that it can compensate for an axial displacement of the pontoon 8 relative to the dolphin 10 along the axis X of the dolphin. For example, the supply line 46 is preferably designed in such a way that it can compensate for a displacement of the pontoon 8 within the displacement range 22 shown in FIG.

Particularly in the embodiment of the development base 2, according to Figures 1 to 3 and 12, with the pontoon 8 that can be rotated around the dolphin 10, the supply line 46 is designed in particular in such a way that it allows the pontoon 8 to rotate around the dolphin axis X, in particular around 360 °, can compensate. For this embodiment, at least one connecting means is designed as a mechanical tab contact and/or sliding contact and/or ball-bearing plug contact for the electrical lines and/or pivotable coupling and/or rotatable high-temperature pipe connection for the water lines. In particular, at least one supply line 46 is embodied as a pipe-in-pipeline running coaxially with the dolphin axis X for the simultaneous conduction of a waste water flow and a fresh water flow.

Figure 12 shows an example of a particularly advantageous embodiment for the development base 2 with a pontoon 8 that can be rotated about the dolphin axis X. As shown, a connecting means is preferably in the form of a sliding contact with a current collector 90 that is stationary with respect to the pontoon 8 and one that is arranged on the dolphin 10 at least in a rotationally fixed manner Slip ring 86 formed. In particular, the slip ring 86 is provided with a supply line 46 that runs through the dolphin 10 and is designed as a power line 84 for connection to a municipal power grid tied together. Metal rails 88, in particular five metal rails 88, are expediently arranged circumferentially on the slip ring 86, with the current collector 90 being able to contact the metal rails 88 in an angular range of 360° around the dolphin axis X. In particular, the current collector 90 is connected to a current collector 94, which is guided within a current guide 92 to an area of the slip ring 86, so that the collector 90 can contact the metal rails 88 of the collector ring 86, as shown. Furthermore, a preferred arrangement is shown in FIG. As a result, the supply technology is advantageously arranged in the receiving space in a space-saving manner.

Another supply facility suitable for pontoons that can be displaced axially with respect to the axis of the dolphin and/or rotated about the axis of the dolphin provides that at least one intermediate store is arranged in the building 4 or in the pontoon 8, with the intermediate store having at least one connecting means which is not constant is connected to the supply line 46. Temporary storage can in particular be electricity storage or waste and fresh water storage. According to an advantageous embodiment, the fresh water reservoir and/or the waste water reservoir consists of several, in particular four, tanks, in particular plastic tanks, arranged in particular circumferentially and preferably fluidly connected to one another.

The pontoon 8 can expediently be transferred into a supply position, as shown in FIG. 12, in which the connecting means can be connected to the supply line 46 so that the intermediate store can be filled or emptied. In particular, the intermediate store in the supply position can be connected manually or automatically, in particular by means of a motor rail and/or a bayonet lock, to the supply line 46 arranged in the dolphin 10 . In Figure 12, the sewer line 82 is shown connected to the sewer supply line 46 in the service position. The cache is designed such that a supply of buildings 1 with the relevant connection technology over a certain period of time from the Cache can be done out, at least until the supplier position is approached again.

In particular, a line carrying a fluid, in particular the fresh water line 80 and/or waste water line 82, can be designed as a high-strength, flexible pipe for the purpose of compensating for an axial and/or rotational displacement of the pontoon 8 relative to the dolphin 10 along the dolphin axis X . Such a high-strength, flexible pipe is preferably used for fluidic bridging from the supply line 46 in the dolphin 10 to a pipe system permanently installed in the pontoon 8 or in the building 4, in particular for the intermediate store.

Appropriately, the cache can also be a power storage, z. B. an accumulator. This can be charged, for example, via a fuel cell and/or a wind turbine and/or a photovoltaic system and/or the municipal grid in the supply position, with other technologies also being possible. The power storage device can also be charged using induction technology. The pontoon 8 preferably has a coil which is used inductively by an antagonistic coil to charge the power storage device via a magnetic field within a functional range, in particular in an edge region of the building base 2 . The functional range for inductive charging of the power storage device is expediently ensured at least in the supply position.

According to a variant of the temporary store, the pontoon 8 preferably has components that act as solid heat stores. In addition or as an alternative, a latent heat accumulator, in particular based on paraffin or salyzhydrate, is also suitable for storing heat and using it more efficiently.

The supply position can preferably be selected arbitrarily, for example it can be the position in which the pontoon 8 is predominantly arranged. In particular, the supply position can be a specific rotational alignment of the pontoon 8; this embodiment is particularly advantageous in the case of a pontoon 8 that can be rotated about the dolphin 10 and is based on the embodiment in FIGS. It is particularly advantageous as a result that connection means or supply lines 46 that are suitable for rotation can be dispensed with. FIG. 12 shows schematically how the waste water line 82, which is connected to a waste water storage tank (not shown) inside the building 4 and/or the pontoon 8, is connected to the supply line 46 for the waste water in the supply position.

The supply position for rotationally determined pontoons 8 based on the embodiment in FIGS.

The provider position is particularly advantageous automatically, e.g. B. at night, approached, so that filling or emptying of the cache can be done as conflict-free and for the residents of the building 4 with little disruption.

Advantageously for an ecological and economical use of the development 1 and/or the development basis 2, the development 1 or the development basis 2 has at least one treatment plant, in particular for gray water and/or rainwater. Gray water treatment can be expediently reprocessed using photocatalytically active ceramic foams and appropriately collected in an intermediate storage facility. Accordingly, the rainwater can also be processed for water supply and/or collected directly in intermediate storage. The liquid on which the pontoon 8 floats can also be expediently processed for further use by means of suitable processing methods, provided that it is predominantly water. 1 and 6 to 9, the dolphin 10 can be designed as a steel tube, in particular in the versions shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 to 9, whereby alternatively to the round dolphins shown in FIGS Profile can be formed.

In order to continue to make the usability of the building base 2 with a basin 24 accessible in many places, the liquid has additives in some cases. The additives preferably prevent algae growth and/or lower the freezing point of the water. Especially in places with temporary or constant temperatures close to or below the freezing point, the addition of additives that lower the freezing point is advantageous for avoiding frost damage. As a result, the development basis 2 or the living concept of a floating house can advantageously be implemented independently of an existing body of water. As a result, the development base 2 with a basin 24 is an alternative to classic foundation structures, and it has the advantages of the floating arrangement, in particular earthquake protection.

As shown in particular in FIGS. 3, 10 and 11, the building base 2 has a circumferential gap 28 between the pontoon 8 or the floating bodies 6 and a wall 30 of the basin 24 . The gap 28 can expediently be kept as small as possible, with the gap 28 being formed in particular in a range from 1000 cm to 10 cm, preferably in a range from 100 cm to 15 cm, advantageously in the range from 40 cm to 20 cm. The gap 28 is expediently adapted to the possible translatory freedom of movement of the pontoon 8 on the liquid surface, which results in particular from the play between the dolphin 10 and the reach-through opening 14 .

In a further aspect, the gap 28 between the wall 30 of the basin 24 and the pontoon 8 and the distance between the access opening 14 and the dolphin 10 are designed in such a way that adequate absorption of short and long geological shock waves or seismic waves is possible. so that earthquake protection is given. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 to 9, the basin 24 expediently has an integrated inlet and outlet 52, supported in particular by pumps. Alternatively or additionally, the liquid, in particular for cleaning and / or temperature control purposes, are transported within a fluidic circuit.

In particular, the inlet and outlet 52 is designed in such a way that a level of a surface of the liquid in the basin 24 can be variably selected and adjusted. The pontoon 8 is advantageously designed to be displaceable relative to the dolphin 10 axially along the dolphin axis X within the displacement area 22 . The variable water level has the advantage that the pontoon 8 together with the building 4 can be sunk in whole or in part in the basin 24, e.g. B. to protect against a storm warning. Furthermore, advantages result from the fact that the pontoon 8 can be lifted from a normal position, shown in FIG. 6, towards a high position, shown in FIG. In addition to the further advantage of being able to adjust the building base 2 to the total load on the building base 2 and to keep the distance of the pontoon 8 to the bottom 26 of the basin 24 in a permissible range, there are also advantages in terms of comfort and accessibility for the User. In particular, a variable water level can be used to protect the building 4 from view by lowering the building base 2 or a level transition for wheelchair users or for loading and unloading.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the building 4 and/or the building base 2 has the connection means for connecting at least one supply line 46 for a connection technology of the building 4 . The supply line 46 is expediently preferably routed through the supply channel 48 of the dolphin 10, with the supply line 46 being designed according to a further variant in such a way that it can compensate for an axial displacement of the pontoon 8 relative to the dolphin 10 along the dolphin axis X. The supply line 46 routed through the supply channel 48 is advantageously protected from external influences, as already described for FIG. In the normal position of the pontoon 8 relative to the dolphin 10, as shown in FIG. The displacement area 22 advantageously extends at least partially over the overhang 54, so that the pontoon 8 can float at least from the normal position to a high position within the displacement area 22.

The normal position suitably corresponds to a positioning of the pontoon 8 relative to the dolphin 10 in which the pontoon 8 is essentially, i. H. in relation to other layers, arranged most of the time. For example, the shifting range 22 extends between a normal position, in which the pontoon 8 is properly arranged, and the high position, e.g. B. at high tide or a tide, when the pontoon 8 floats extraordinarily, or a correspondingly adjusted level in the basin 24.

The extent of the supernatant 54 determines in particular the maximum possible floating height and can advantageously be adapted to local conditions, e.g. B. a flood area to be adjusted. In particular, the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5 have a relatively small overhang 54 compared to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.

According to the embodiment in Figures 4 and 5, the displacement area 22 of the dolphin 10 can be designed such that the pontoon 8, starting from the normal position of the pontoon 8, relative to the dolphin 10 in a direction pointing towards the liquid down to a low position inside of the shifting range can drop. In particular, the building base 2, which is shown in the normal position in FIG. 6, is designed for a pronounced sinking, shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

According to the advantageous embodiment, which is shown in FIG. 1, the pontoon 8 has an advantageous radial overhang 56, which when sinking rests on a ground in the edge area of the building base 2. In a first advantageous aspect, the radial overhang 56 increases a buildable area of the building base 2 or the pontoon 8. In a second advantageous aspect, the radial overhang 56 is designed in such a way that the pontoon 8 is connected to the Supernatant 56 can rest on a soil area 58. Advantageously, this prevents the pontoon 8 from resting in a low position on the bottom 26 of the basin 24 since adhesion forces can occur which prevent the pontoon 8 from floating up again.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9, an adhesive connection between the pontoon 8 and the base 26 of the basin 24 is prevented by the support blocks 60 extending in the direction of the pontoon 8 being formed on the base 26 of the basin 24 . In particular, the number, arrangement relative to the pontoon 8 and structure of the support blocks 60 are such that the pontoon 8 rests evenly on the support blocks 60 in one plane and is evenly supported. This advantageously prevents the pontoon 8 from tilting with the dolphins 10 .

In particular, the radial projection 56 and/or the support blocks 60 can be designed in such a way that an assembly space 62 is formed between the pontoon 8 and the bottom 26 of the basin 24 when the pontoon 8 is in its low position, in particular when it is completely discharged from the basin 24 liquid, is arranged. The assembly room 62 is advantageously used for repair, maintenance and testing of the building base 2.

To compensate for an axial displacement of the pontoon 8 relative to the dolphin 10 along the dolphin axis X, at least one supply line 46 is preferably designed as a telescopic line in an embodiment that is not shown.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the connection technology illustrated in FIGS Supply lines 46 are guided perpendicularly to the dolphin axis X through an entry opening in a facade 20 of the building 4 or the pontoon 8 into the building 4 or the building base 2. The inlet opening is preferably designed in such a way that it extends from a high-level inlet 64 in the pontoon 8, shown in Figure 7, to a low-level inlet 66, shown in Figures 8 and 9, in the building 4, so that the supply lines 46 in one constant position to the pool 24 in building 4. In particular, the entry opening for this is designed as a slot that extends axially with respect to the axis X of the dolphin or as a lateral recess in the facade 20 of the building 4 and in the pontoon 8 . In particular, the recess is advantageous in a range from 100 cm to 40 cm wide and in a range from 50 cm to 20 cm deep, preferably in a range from 80 cm to 50 cm wide and in a range from 40 cm to 25 cm deep 60 cm wide and 30 cm deep. The slot-like design of the inlet opening or the design as a recess has the advantage that a section of the supply lines 46 that is exposed to the environmental influences can be designed as small as possible.

The development 1 expediently has a technology module at least on one side in the building 4 and/or in the pontoon 8 and/or in the edge region of the development base 2 . The technical module is used in particular to provide an always adapted length of the supply line 46 when the pontoon 8 is axially displaced along the dolphin axis, without at least a section of the supply line 46 being loose or unfastened in an area between a supply and the connection means in the Building 4 or the pontoon 8 is arranged. In a variant of the technology module, this exerts a previously defined tensile stress on the supply line 46 . In particular, this technology module can be designed as a cable drum acted upon by spring force and/or as a motor-driven cable drum. With a vertical movement of the pontoon 8 along the dolphin axis X and the resulting pull on the respective supply line 46, the supply line 46 is unwound from the line drum against the tension. With a movement of the pontoon 8 along the dolphin axis X, which one Return movement of the supply line 46 in the direction of the tension is generated, the respective cable reel is driven in rotation by means of the spring force or the motor force of the respective cable reel and the supply line 46 is rolled up onto the cable reel.

According to a further embodiment, the technical module does not exert a constant tensile stress, but has an electric motor with a freewheel. The technology module advantageously has a smooth-running, ball-bearing shaft with a motor drive. Part of this shaft are cable drums of different sizes for different supply lines 46, which allow the respective supply lines 46 to roll freely during a vertical movement of the pontoon 8 along the dolphin axis X and the resulting pull. For the return, the respective supply line 46 is rolled onto the motor-driven line reel. In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 6 to 9, the development 1, in particular the development base 2 in the edge region, has a supply box 68, in which at least one connection technology is routed and in which in particular at least one technology module can be arranged.

Preferably, the at least one supply line 46, in particular the supply line 46 for fresh water, is routed through a lateral groove in the dolphin 10 running axially to the dolphin axis X into the pontoon 8 or the building 4, so that in particular compensation for an axial displacement relative to the dolphin axis X of the pontoon 8 to the dolphin 10 is possible, with the supply line 46 remaining fluidly connected to the municipal supply network. A drum/spool for winding up and/or unwinding the respective supply line 46 is advantageously arranged in the pontoon 8 or the building 4 . In particular, when the pontoon 8 is in a normal position, the drum/spool has a hose reserve of 7.5 m each for the pontoon to float up or sink.

In particular, the building 4 has a second opening 72 in a ceiling 70 and/or the roof 18 in the area above the reach-through opening 14, so that an overhang 54 of the dolphin 10 can be arranged in the second opening 72 . In the example shown in FIG. 6, the overhang 54 of the dolphin 10 is already arranged in the normal position in the second opening 72, so that floating, shown in FIG. 7, into the high position is possible. The second opening 72 is preferably designed in such a way that it runs completely through the structure axially to the dolphin axis X, so that in a low position, shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the overhang 54 runs through the building 4.

The second opening 72 advantageously has a manual or automatic closure for protection against the weather, which closes the second opening 72 when the dolphin 10 is not arranged in the second opening 72 .

According to a variant of the building 1 that is not shown, the reach-through opening 14 is arranged in a region of the pontoon 8 in which the building 4 is not arranged. In this variant, the reach-through opening 14 is regularly arranged in an edge area of the pontoon 8 . Advantageously, the overhang 54 of the dolphin 10 to the pontoon 8 can be made larger and the rooms of the building 4 can be made more homogeneous, in particular free of a first, a second or further openings above the access opening 14 .

In a particularly advantageous type of development 1, which is shown in particular in FIGS. 8 and 9, the pool 24, the dolphin 10 and the building 4 are designed in relation to one another in such a way that the pool 24 has a depth 74 measured axially to the dolphin axis X , and the displacement area 22 of the dolphin 10 in the direction of the liquid is designed in such a way that the building 4 is at least partially arranged within the basin 24 when the pontoon 8 is in the low position.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the structure 1 (not shown), the basin 24, the dolphin 10 and the building 4 are designed in relation to one another in such a way that the depth 74 of the basin 24 measured axially with respect to the dolphin axis X is greater than or equal to a depth 74 measured axially with respect to the dolphin axis X measured height 76 of the pontoon 8 including the building 4. The displacement area 22 is expedient here Dalbe 10 designed in the direction of the liquid in such a way that in the low position of the pontoon 8 the building 4 is arranged over its entire height 76 within the basin 24 .

This embodiment of the development 1 advantageously enables a privacy screen to be generated by sinking. Furthermore, the solar radiation on the building 4 can be reduced as a result. In a protective aspect, the basin 24 in this embodiment offers the building 4 protection from storms in such a way that gusts of wind themselves and objects thrown up on the building 4 have a reduced attack surface.

The building base 2 expediently has a reservoir 78 for the liquid, as shown in FIGS. This allows the liquid to be circulated. In particular, if the liquid contains additives, the additives are prevented from entering the environment.

Particularly advantageously, the reservoir 78 and/or the inlet have heating means.

Advantageously, the reservoir 78 can serve as a heat buffer and/or reduce the need for additives to prevent freezing damage. In particular, the inlet and outlet 52 and the basin 24 are designed into a heating circuit in such a way that the liquid in the basin 24 can be kept constantly above the freezing point, in particular above 1°C.

Especially in rainy regions, the basin 24 can preferably have an integrated overflow protection. This can be implemented expediently by means of float valves. A maximum level of the surface of the liquid in the basin 24 can thereby be set in a particularly simple and error-resistant manner. In particular, the overflow protection can direct the liquid into the reservoir 78 or a catch basin or directly into a channel. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 11, the pontoon 8 preferably has at least two, in particular three, reach-through openings 14, with each dolphin 10 extending perpendicularly along a dolphin axis X through a respective reach-through opening 14 of the pontoon 8. This embodiment blocks both rotation and translation of the pontoon 8 on the liquid surface.

In an embodiment of the building base 2 with two or more dolphins 10, the dolphins 10 can advantageously be arranged in an edge region of the pontoon 8, so that more homogeneous installation space is available in the building 4, particularly in the center of the pontoon 8.

Particularly advantageously, the building base 2 with at least two dolphins 10 has an angular, z. B. rectangular, as shown in Figure 10, or L-shaped, as shown in Figure 11, profile. Because the rotation of the pontoon 8 is restricted by the two dolphins 10, the basin 24 can be adapted to the shape of the pontoon 8 and the pontoon 8 is prevented from colliding with a wall 30 of the basin 24.

The pontoon 8 advantageously has a manual and/or an automated, in particular hydraulic, level control system. In particular, the level control system aligns the pontoon 8 with its surface 12 facing the building 4 in a horizontal plane by means of displaceable load entries in the floating body 6 . The level control system is particularly advantageously designed in such a way that it can continuously monitor and preferably continuously readjust the alignment of the pontoon 8 . The level control system can advantageously compensate for weight differences which result from an unequal weight distribution of the structure 1 , in particular on the structure base 2 . Furthermore, a draft of the pontoon 8 can be adjusted depending on a total load on the building base 2 by means of the level control system. The level control system preferably also has an alarm unit, which gives the user a signal when the weight difference can no longer be compensated for and localizes the location of the critical weight difference. The user thus has the possibility of recognizing a critical weight difference at an early stage and of adapting the weight distribution on the building base 2 .

In particular, the pontoon 8 has several floating bodies 6 . In FIG. 2, the pontoon 8 is designed with only one floating body s. Furthermore, in an advantageous embodiment, one of the floating bodies 6 can have individual chambers which, depending on the weight distribution, can be adjusted statically or dynamically to the weight difference with the level control system. For example, individual chambers or entire floating bodies can be flooded with a liquid or liquid can be drained. The liquid can be a separate compensating liquid, which is arranged in a separate circuit of the level control system, or the liquid on which the pontoon 8 floats. In particular, when the level control system is connected to the liquid on which the pontoon 8 floats, the compensation of the draught with an increase or decrease of a total load on the building base 2 is possible.

The level control system is expediently improved or provided by means of an intermediate store. For this purpose, fluid intermediate reservoirs are advantageously arranged continuously in the pontoon 8 or the building 4 . To regulate the level, the fluids in the tanks of the fresh water reservoir or the waste water reservoir can be pumped around systematically, preferably with pump support. As a result, the weight distribution of the pontoon 8 can advantageously be dynamically adjusted to variable loads, as described above.

The development 1 or the development base 2 preferably has a maintenance shaft. This version is not shown. This maintenance shaft is in an edge area of the building base 2 behind the wall 30 of the basin 24 on the liquid-repellent side arranged. In particular, the maintenance shaft has an entrance that is accessible from outside basin 24, and in particular a passage is formed in wall 30 of basin 24 in the area of the maintenance shaft, so that, at least when pontoon 8 is in the high position, a person can get through the maintenance shaft into assembly space 62 in the area between the bottom 26 of the basin 24 and the pontoon 8 can reach. In particular, this facilitates the repair, maintenance and inspection of the building base 2 . For this purpose, the pontoon 8 can expediently be arranged in the high position and/or normal position, in particular by means of supports, the support blocks 60 and/or the radial projection 56, so that the liquid can be drained from the basin 24 and the space between the bottom 26 of the basin 24 and pontoon 8 is preserved and is mostly dry.

In particular when electronic applications are arranged in the maintenance shaft, the passage in the wall 30 of the basin 24 to the maintenance shaft can expediently be closed in a fluid-tight manner, so that the maintenance shaft remains dry when the basin 24 is filled with the liquid.

The maintenance shaft can expediently be designed to completely or partially encircle the basin 24 . In particular if the inlet and outlet 52 are spaced apart from one another or, for example, are arranged on two different walls of the basin 24, the inlet and outlet 52 can be reached more easily by one person, which also makes repairs, maintenance and inspection easier.

A further advantageous embodiment is shown in FIGS. Here, the aforementioned versions are supplemented by a non-combustible roof construction.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the building 4 preferably has a flat roof structure 98 for this purpose, which has a trough-like, watertight water basin 100 that is open in the opposite direction to the basin 24 . The water basin 100 can expediently be filled with the liquid if required be flooded from the basin 24. In order to flood the water basin 100, the use of a pump arrangement has proven particularly advantageous.

In the event of a fire, the water in the water basin 100 creates a heat barrier. According to a preferred embodiment, the water basin 100 has a surrounding height 102, as shown in FIGS. The construction height 102 limits a maximum water height, the construction height 102 and the maximum water height being at least 30 cm. A water level of 30 cm has been found to be expedient in order to delay heating of the building 4 below the flat roof structure 98 .

The flat roof structure 98 particularly advantageously has a roof overhang 104 running all the way around. In particular, in a lowered state of the building 4 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 in the basin 24, particularly in the low position, the roof overhang 104 dips flush with the ground into a groove 106 running all the way around an upper edge of the basin. The pool wall advantageously protects the side walls of the building 4, so that in the event of a fire, for example, only one surface of the flat roof structure 98, in particular with the water pool predominantly covering the area, is exposed to the increased temperature. In particular, a fire event (firestorm) forced by strong winds, because of the submerged building 4, spreads over building 4 in a very short time without local fuel for the flames

In a further developed advantageous embodiment, the roof overhang 104 dips into the basin 24 with a spring 108 in the lowered state of the building 4, in particular in the lower position, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in the groove 106 at the basin edge. Advantageously, there is no contact between the roof overhang 104 or the spring 108 and the basin 24 or the channel 106. It has also proven to be advantageous if the channel 106 is or is flooded with a liquid, in particular the liquid from the channel 24 .can be flooded. The throat 106 flooded with water provides cooling and protection against penetrating smoke gases. Furthermore, the non-contact arrangement of the spring 108 in the groove 106 has the advantage that heat transfer is impeded.

According to the advantageous embodiment mentioned above, in the event of a fire, the pontoon 8 can sink along the displacement area 22 of the dolphin 10, in particular starting from the normal position of the pontoon 8, relative to the dolphin 10 in a direction pointing towards the liquid down to a low position. For this purpose, the liquid is expediently conducted out of the basin 24, as in the above-described embodiments. Advantageously, the water basin 100 and/or the throat 104 is flooded with a portion of the liquid discharged from the basin 24 . In this state of the low position of the pontoon 8, the roof surface of the flat roof structure 98 is expediently arranged at ground level in the edge area of the basin 24 and the spring 108 is preferably arranged in the manner described in the water-filled groove 104. Advantageously, shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the support blocks 60 in particular are arranged in the basin in order to prevent adhesive connections of the pontoon 8 to the bottom 26 of the basin and at the same time to relieve the flat roof structure 98 in the low position of the pontoon 8.

The flat roof structure 98 and/or the roof overhang 104 is expediently made of refractory materials, in particular alloyed and/or unalloyed steels and/or ceramic composites.

The flat roof structure 98 with the water basin 100 preferably has the option of classic greening with low lichens, mosses and grasses. The plant substrate to be used here is preferably enriched with perlite and expanded clay in addition to a topsoil to save weight.

In addition, there is advantageously the possibility of constructing the aforementioned designs in a modular manner. In particular, the building base 2 and the building 4 are constructed in a modular manner in such a way that the building base 2 can expediently be separated from the building 4 without being destroyed, so that assembly and disassembly can be carried out repeatedly. Thus, with the help of prefabricated, preferably standardized components, in particular a multi-part pontoon and/or movable wall elements and/or standardized basins, the entire structure can be moved by heavy transport by land or water. According to the invention is also a base 2 of a building 1, having a pontoon 8, on which a structure, in particular a building 4, can be arranged. According to the invention, the building base 2 corresponds to one of the aforementioned versions of the building base 2.

According to the invention is also a dolphin 10 of a building 1, having a pontoon 8, on which a structure, in particular a building 4, can be arranged. According to the invention, the dolphin 10 corresponds to one of the aforementioned versions of the dolphin 10.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but also includes all embodiments that have the same effect within the meaning of the invention. It is expressly emphasized that the exemplary embodiments are not limited to all features in combination; rather, each individual partial feature can also have an inventive significance independently of all other partial features. Furthermore, the invention has not yet been limited to the combination of features defined in claim 1 and/or 19 and/or 20, but can also be defined by any other combination of specific features of all the individual features disclosed overall. This means that in principle practically every individual feature of claim 1 and/or 19 and/or 20 can be omitted or replaced by at least one individual feature disclosed elsewhere in the application. Reference character list

1 development

2 building base

4 buildings

6 floats

8 pontoon

10 dolphins

12 Surface of the pontoon facing the building

14 porthole

16 First breakthrough

18 roof

20 facade

22 panning area

24 basin

26 bottom of the basin

28 column

30 wall of the basin

32 engine

34 power attack element

36 drive height

38 supports

40 drive section

42 Driving Gear

44 drivable gear

46 supply line

48 supply channel

50 ground section

52 inlet and outlet

54 Overhang of the Dalbe

56 Radial projection of the pontoon 8 ground area 0 support blocks 2 mounting space 4 high level entry 6 low level entry 8 utility box

70 blanket

72 Second breakthrough

74 depth of the basin

76 Height of the pontoon including the building

78 reservoir

80 fresh water line

82 sewer line

84 power line

86 slip ring

88 metal rail

90 pantographs

92 power supply

94 power rail

96 bracket

98 flat roof construction

100 pools of water

102 construction height

104 roof overhang

106 throat

108 spring

X Dolphin axis

Claims

Expectations

1 . Building (1), having a building (4) arranged on a building base (2), the building base (2) having a pontoon (8) having at least one floating body (6) for floating on a liquid and a dolphin (10), the dolphin (10) extending along a dolphin axis (X) perpendicular to the pontoon (8) through a passage opening (14) of the pontoon (8), characterized in that the passage opening (14) is formed centrally in the pontoon (8). , and the pontoon (8) is mounted so that it can rotate about the dolphin (10) extending through the access opening (14), the pontoon (8) being able to be aligned and positioned about the dolphin axis (X), the dolphin (10) protrudes through the access opening (14) of the pontoon (8) and through a first opening (16) in a floor of a receiving space arranged above the access opening (14) into the receiving space.

2. Building (1) according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that the building base (2) has a liquid-filled basin (24), the pontoon (8) floating on the liquid in the basin (24) is arranged, and wherein the dolphin (10) extends along the dolphin axis (X) from a base (26) of the basin (24), the dolphin (10) being immovably connected to the basin (24). .

3. Structure (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pontoon (8) relative to the dolphin (10) is designed to be displaceable axially along the dolphin axis (X) within a displacement range (22). Structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pontoon (8) is designed as a disc, which has a flat side in the direction of the liquid. Structure (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pontoon (8) can be aligned and positioned in rotation about the dolphin axis (X) by means of a motor (32) which is immovable to the pontoon (8), with a Gear ratio is designed and arranged in such a way that the force of the motor (32) can act on a force application element (34) of the dolphin (10). Structure (1) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the gear ratio is designed as a bevel gear, with a bevel gear connected to the motor (32) being able to transmit the force to the ring gear fixed at least rotationally to the dolphin (10), and the ring gear is mounted to be displaceable axially to the dolphin axis (X) within a displacement range (22). Development (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that connecting means for connecting at least one supply line (46) for a connection technology of the building (4) are arranged in a receiving space, the dolphin (10) being designed as a hollow body and has at least one supply channel (48), and at least one supply line (46) of the connection technology is passed through the supply channel (48), which is designed to be connectable to the connecting means in the receiving space, the supply line (46) being designed in such a way that this can compensate for a rotation of the pontoon (8) around the dolphin axis (X). Structure (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that at least one connecting means is designed as a mechanical strap contact and/or sliding contact and/or ball-bearing plug contact for the electrical lines and/or pivotable coupling for the water lines and/or rotatable high-temperature pipe connection and/or a Supply line (46) is designed as a pipe-in-pipeline running coaxially to the dolphin axis (X) for the simultaneous conduction of a waste water flow and a fresh water flow. Structure (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the liquid in the basin (24) has additives, the additives preferably lowering the freezing point of the water. Building (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the building base (2) has a circumferentially formed gap (28) between the pontoon (8) or the floating bodies (6) and a wall (30) of the basin ( 24), wherein the gap (28) is formed in a range from 1000 cm to 10 cm, preferably in a range from 100 cm to 15 cm, advantageously in the range from 40 cm to 20 cm. Structure (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the basin (24) has an integrated inlet and outlet (52) supported in particular by pumps, so that in particular a level of a surface of the liquid in the basin (24) can be variably selected and adjusted. Building (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the building base (2) has a reservoir (78) which is fluidically connected to the inlet and outlet (52) of the basin (24). Structure (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the reservoir (78) and/or the inlet have heating means, in particular the reservoir (78), the inlet and outlet (52) and the basin (24) are formed into a heating circuit in such a way that the liquid in the basin (24) is kept constantly above the freezing point. Structure (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 13, characterized in that the basin (24) has an integrated overflow protection, so that a maximum level of the surface of the liquid in the basin (24) can be adjusted. Development (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the building (4) and/or the development base (2) has connecting means for connecting at least one supply line (46) for a connection technology of the building (4), wherein the supply line (46) is preferably passed through a supply channel (48) of the dolphin (10) and the supply line (46) is designed in such a way that this axial displacement of the pontoon (8) relative to the dolphin (10) along the dolphin axis ( X) can compensate. Structure (1) according to Claim 15, characterized in that at least one supply line (46) is designed as a telescopic line, so that an axial displacement of the pontoon (8) relative to the dolphin (10) along the dolphin axis (X) can be compensated. Structure (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the building (4) has a second opening (72) in a ceiling (70) in the area above the reach-through opening (14), so that a projection (54) the dolphin (10) can be arranged in the second opening (72). Structure (1) according to one of Claims 3 to 17, characterized in that the basin (24), the dolphin (10) and the building (4) are designed in relation to one another in such a way that a depth ( 74) of the basin (24) is greater than or equal to a height (76) of the pontoon (8) including the building (4) measured axially to the dolphin axis (X), the displacement range (22) of the dolphin (10) in the direction of the Liquid is formed such that in the low position of the pontoon (8), the building (4) is arranged over its entire height (76) within the basin (24). Structure (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the pontoon (8) has a manual and/or an automated level control system which has a surface (12) of the pontoon (8) pointing to the building (4). can be aligned and readjusted in a horizontal plane by means of displaceable load entries in the floating body (6). Development (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the building (4) has a flat roof structure (98) which has a trough-like, watertight water basin (100) which is open towards the direction of the basin (24). , wherein the water basin (100) can be flooded with the liquid from the basin (24) if necessary. Structure (1) according to claim 20, characterized in that the water basin (100) has a circumferential construction height (102) which limits a maximum water height, the construction height (102) and the maximum water height being at least 30 cm. Structure (1) according to Claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the flat roof structure (98) has a circumferential roof overhang (104), the roof overhang (104) being flush with the ground in the basin (24) when the building (4) is lowered a groove (106) running all around at an upper edge of the basin. Structure (1) according to Claim 22, characterized in that the roof overhang (104) in the lowered state of the building (4) in the basin (24) with a spring (108) in the groove (106) on the edge of the basin without contact with the Basin (24) is immersed, the throat (106) being or can be flooded with a liquid, in particular the liquid from the basin (24). Structure (1) according to one of Claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the flat roof structure (98) and/or the roof overhang (104) is made of refractory materials, in particular alloyed and/or unalloyed steels and/or ceramic composites. Development (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the development basis (2) and the building (4) are constructed in a modular manner in such a way that the development basis (2) can be separated from the building (4) without being destroyed, so that assembly and disassembly can be carried out repeatedly. Building base (2) of a building (1), having a pontoon (8) on which a structure, in particular a building (4), can be arranged, characterized by the features of the building base (2) of one of claims 1 to 25. Dalbe (10) a building (1) having a pontoon (8) on which a structure, in particular a building (4), can be arranged, characterized by the features of the dolphin (10) of one of claims 1 to 15.