EP3939802A1 - Substrate for producing security papers or security papers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a substrate (1) for the production of securities or security paper, and to a security or security paper comprising the substrate. The substrate (1) comprises a carrier layer (2) and at least one security element (3), the security element (3) being applied to and/or in the carrier layer (2) and a primer (4) applied to a first substrate side (5 ) and/or a second substrate side (6) of the substrate (1) is applied at least in sections. The primer (4) is arranged at least in sections between the carrier layer (2) and the security element (3) and/or covers the security element (3) and/or the carrier layer (2) at least in sections, with the primer (4) covering it Areas of the security element (3) are less clearly visible than areas of the security element (3) not covered by the primer (4) and/or as areas of the carrier layer (2) not covered by the primer (4). The security element (3) is formed with a partial, reflective layer that forms an image.

Description

The invention relates to a substrate for the production of securities or security paper and a security or security paper.

Substrates, and in particular polymer substrates, and securities or security papers of the type mentioned at the outset are usually used in order to increase the counterfeit security of securities or security papers, such as banknotes, ID cards, credit cards, ATM cards, tickets, etc.

According to the prior art, an attempt is made to implement protection against forgery by means of shadow images or watermarks. For example, from the DE112018003095T5 discloses an optical security feature incorporated into polymer-based banknotes. An image contained in an opacifying layer of a polymer substrate of a polymer-based bank note is more visible in transmission than in reflection. However, the known designs have registration errors, which limit the complexity and thus the protection against forgery of the shadow images. High-quality silhouettes or watermarks are therefore not feasible.

The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide means by which securities or security papers, in particular polymer securities or polymer security papers, can be produced or designed with one or more highly forgery-proof security elements.

This object is achieved by a substrate, in particular by a polymer substrate, and by a security or security paper according to the claims.

The invention relates to a substrate for producing securities or security papers, the substrate comprising a carrier layer, in particular a polymer carrier layer, and at least one security element, and the security element being applied to and/or in the carrier layer. A primer is applied at least in sections to a first substrate side and/or a second substrate side of the substrate. Here is the The primer is arranged at least in sections between the carrier layer and the security element and/or the primer covers the security element and/or the carrier layer at least in sections, with areas of the security element covered by the primer being less clearly visible than areas of the security element not covered by the primer and/or or as areas of the backing not covered by the primer. According to the invention, the security element is formed with a partial, reflective layer that forms an image.

The term primer can describe a single layer as well as a composite or a layering of several layers. This can involve, for example, several layers or plies of the same type, but also several different layers. At this point it should be noted that the phrase "a layer is applied to something" should be understood to mean that a layer can be applied directly, or that there is another or there may be several intermediate layers. At this point it should also be pointed out that one or more intermediate layers can be arranged between the layers described in this document. It is therefore not absolutely necessary for the layers described to contact one another. It should also be pointed out that the term layer in this document is to be understood in such a way that a layer can also be made up of a number of sub-layers. The term image can be any type of characters, letters, patterns, motifs, geometric figures, guilloches and lines.

It should also be noted that in this document the term "particularly" is to be understood as meaning that it may be a possible more special form or further specification of an item, but not necessarily a mandatory preferred embodiment thereof or a mandatory procedure must represent.

The substrate according to the invention creates the possibility or basis for producing securities or security papers with one or more highly counterfeit-proof security elements. In particular, when the substrate is a polymer substrate, a banknote manufacturer is thus provided with a starting material which is fundamentally like or similar to paper for paper banknotes is processable. A banknote manufacturer can thus produce both paper banknotes and polymer banknotes, for example using the same machines or process steps, or using minor modifications. This brings advantages in terms of profitability of the entire production chain, while maintaining high product quality.

The security element(s) formed in or on the substrate ensures an additional degree of security against forgery, because the visibility of the security element(s) is reduced as a result of the primer applied. Those areas on the first and/or on the second substrate side on or in which a security element covered with a primer is formed can be perceived less well or less clearly than those areas of the carrier layer with and/or without an overlying primer. According to the invention, the primer, which serves to cover the security element or elements, but can also enable a later, individual printing of the substrate by a banknote manufacturer, is applied at least in sections to the security element or elements and/or to the carrier layer, so that at least selected areas are covered and are at least less well visible or less clearly or less strongly contrasted. This effect, that areas covered by the primer are less clearly visible than areas not covered by the primer, is primarily recognizable or perceptible to an observer when he looks at that substrate side of the substrate on which the primer is applied. Of course, the substrate can also have a primer on both sides. In these forms, the effect of the less good visibility of covered areas on both sides of the substrate would be recognizable. It is also possible for the security element or elements to be arranged on or in both outer surfaces of the carrier layer.

Security elements can be designed, for example, as security threads, security strips and the like, with other advantageous types or configurations known to those skilled in the art also being conceivable.

According to an advantageous development, the image formed by the partial, reflective layer can be in the form of a mosaic-like image. The formation of security elements with a partial, reflective layer that forms a mosaic-like image for example from the EP1674286A1 known. In this way, very realistic-looking, high-resolution and high-quality or detailed images, such as in particular raster images from, for example, metalized pixels or raster points can be displayed, with areas with different optical densities also being able to be realized. If a corresponding security element is applied, for example as a thread, strip or as a transfer thread film in or on a substrate and accordingly overprinted over the whole area or also in certain areas with the primer, the image or security element is made into a shadow image or watermark, or perceived as such by an observer . The primer acts like a clouding layer. Since different optical densities can sometimes also be achieved from different image areas, multi-level watermarks can be implemented.

Furthermore, it can be expedient if the areas of the security element covered by the primer are not visible when viewed from above and are visible when viewed through, or that the areas of the security element covered by the primer are better visible when viewed through than when viewed from above. This advantageous embodiment can make it easier for a user to check the authenticity of a banknote by holding it against the light or looking through it. In this way, a further contribution can be made to counterfeit security in banknotes. It may also be the case here that not the entire area of the security element covered by the primer is visible when viewed through, but only those parts or areas of the element which are formed with the partial, reflective and image-forming layer. Thus, only a partial metallization or also a partial HRI layer--ie a layer with a high refractive index ("high refractive index", HRI)--or the image formed thereby, in particular also a mosaic-like image, would be recognizable in transmitted light. In the case of a partial metallization or also in the case of a partial HRI layer, the layer—to name just a few examples—can contain gaps in the form of characters, letters, patterns, motifs, geometric figures, guilloches and also lines.

The substrate can be either a polymer substrate or a paper substrate. In this document, the terms substrate or polymer substrate are used below in particular, although it may be appropriate instead of a polymer substrate to use a paper substrate. While a polymer substrate comprises a polymer carrier layer, a paper substrate comprises a paper carrier layer or a paper substrate is made from a cellulose fiber-based pulp.

In particular, if the primer is arranged at least in sections between the carrier layer and the security element, it can also be advantageous if the security element and/or the carrier layer and/or the primer are at least partially covered with a cover layer. Areas of the security element covered by the cover layer can be less clearly visible than areas of the security element not covered by the cover layer and/or as areas of the carrier layer not covered by the cover layer and/or as areas of the primer not covered by the cover layer. Thus, optical effects can be achieved by overprinting selected areas--for example also in the course of banknote printing--and in particular a visibility contrast between areas with a cover layer and areas without a cover layer can be brought about. Such a further development can be useful in particular when using polymer substrates.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the primer is applied by means of a printing process. As a result, a uniform and level primer or primer layer can be implemented in an economical manner. This can be advantageous in particular in the case of further processing of the substrate in the course of subsequent banknote printing and can contribute to a high product quality. In addition to printing processes, it would also be conceivable and possibly advantageous for the primer to be applied by painting, dip coating, spray coating or roller coating. It is also conceivable to apply the primer using vacuum-based coating methods, such as plasma coating or PVD and CVD coating.

In addition, it can be provided that the primer is designed to be printable. Good printability can be important in further processing of the substrate in the course of banknote printing and can sometimes enable a satisfactory or even high final quality of a security paper, in particular a polymer security paper or polymer security paper. In addition, good printability of the Primer or the substrate have a positive effect on the longevity or resilience of a banknote. For example, good printability can be achieved by an even primer, or also by a structure that takes up a printing ink well, or by the material of the primer.

Also advantageous is an embodiment according to which it can be provided that the primer completely covers the carrier layer and/or the security element. For reasons of preventing banknotes from being counterfeited, it can sometimes be advantageous if the security element or elements are completely covered and are therefore not visible or only visible poorly or indistinctly when viewed from above.

According to a development, it is possible for the primer to partially cover the carrier layer and/or the security element. Such areas of the security element or elements, which are not covered by the primer and are therefore visible when viewed from above, are often referred to in the industry as windows. Security elements designed in this way in the form of a thread are often referred to as window threads. Such windows can be designed both as so-called half windows and as full windows. A half-window is a gap in the primer on just one side of the substrate, or on one side of the primer. If the primer is applied to both sides of the substrate and gaps are provided opposite or at least partially opposite or overlapping in the primer on both sides, this is referred to in technical jargon as a full window. These windows can make it easier for a user to verify the authenticity of a bill in a simple and quick manner. In addition, by partially covering one or more security features, security against forgery can be improved because an exact positioning of windows makes it considerably more difficult for bank notes to be imitated or forged.

Advantageously, the security element can be designed as a security thread with a partial, reflective layer that forms an image, it being possible for the image to be formed multiple times or repeatedly on the thread. In particular, if the primer is partially applied or printed onto the security thread in accurate register, it may be that the repeating image is visible in the windows and in the overprinted ones or primed areas appears as a watermark. In this way, two security effects can be achieved at the same time with a single security element or thread. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be advantageous if a coherent or an individual image or motif is partially covered by the primer. For example, part of an image, such as part of a portrait, may be in a window and not covered by the primer. The other part of the portrait can be in a bridge area, ie in an area covered by the primer. In particular, if the security feature or the partial, reflective and image-forming layer is produced in the course of a work or production step and is then partially covered by the primer, a very high-quality and therefore highly forgery-proof substrate can be produced. The match that can be achieved between the two parts of the coherent picture or portrait is not subject to any register fluctuations.

Furthermore, it can be expedient if the primer is designed to be diffusely scattering, in particular that the primer produces a white color impression in daylight. This configuration can have a particularly positive effect on a bank note that can be produced from the substrate, since a white base layer or surface can enable motifs, numbers and the like to be subsequently printed or otherwise applied in a particularly high-quality manner. Such layers or primers are also known as opacifying layers. The ink used in this case is also referred to as opacity ink.

In addition, it can be provided, particularly in the case of polymer substrates, that the carrier layer is made of plastic, in particular made of a translucent plastic, the carrier layer preferably being at least one of the materials from the group polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), monoaxially oriented polypropylene ( MOPP), biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), polyethylene (PE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketone (PEK), polyethyleneimide (PEI), polysulfone (PSU), polyaryletherketone (PAEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), liquid crystalline polymers (LCP), polyester, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin copolymers (COC), polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC ), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene hexafluoropropylene fluoroterpolymer (EFEP) and/or mixtures and/or copolymers and/or composite materials of these materials or is made from at least one of these materials.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the carrier layer has a thickness of 5 μm to 700 μm, preferably from 30 μm to 150 μm, particularly preferably from 50 μm to 125 μm, in particular from 65 μm to 90 μm.

According to a particular embodiment, it is possible for the primer to have a thickness of 1 μm to 60 μm, preferably 5 μm to 50 μm, particularly preferably 7 μm to 45 μm, in particular 10 μm to 40 μm. A small thickness of the primer can be advantageous in that it can contribute to a thin substrate. End products, such as paper and polymer banknotes, should also be thin so that they can be easily printed on and stacked easily to save space. For this purpose, an advantageous basis can be created by forming a thin, but nevertheless covering primer.

According to an advantageous development, it can be provided that the at least one security element or at least one further security element with an optically variable feature, with a feature optically recognizable in transmission or reflection, with a machine-readable feature and/or substances that absorb and/or re-emit electromagnetic waves or features is formed. This can be, for example, an embossed layer, a fluorescent layer, a printed layer, a magnetic coding and/or an optically variable feature, in particular a hologram and/or a color-shifting base layer, for example a base layer having at least one color-shifting thin-film element , Act. A user can thus select from a large portfolio and a large number of possible combinations of security features, as a result of which a high level of security against counterfeiting can be implemented. Machine-readable features can be, in particular, magnetic coding, electrically conductive layers or else substances that absorb and/or re-emit electromagnetic waves.

In particular, it can be advantageous if the partial, reflective layer that forms an image contains at least one metallic material, in particular selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, platinum, niobium, tin, or nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, Cobalt and palladium or alloys of these materials, in particular cobalt-nickel alloys, and/or at least one high-index dielectric material with a refractive index greater than 1.65, in particular selected from the group of zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide ( TiO ₂ ), carbon (C), indium oxide (In ₂ O ₃ ), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta ₂ O ₅ ), cerium oxide (CeO ₂ ), yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ), europium oxide ( Eu ₂ O ₃ ), iron oxides such as iron(II,III) oxide (Fe ₃ O ₄ ) and iron(III) oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), hafnium nitride (HfN), hafnium carbide (HfC), hafnium oxide (HfO ₂ ), lanthanum oxide (La ₂ O ₃ ), magnesium oxide (MgO), neodymium oxide (Nd ₂ O ₃ ), praseodymium _{oxide (Pr 6} O ₁₁ ), samarium oxide (Sm ₂ O ₃ ), Antimony Trioxide (Sb ₂ O ₃ ), Silicon Carbide (SiC), Silicon Nitride (Si ₃ N ₄ ), Silicon Monoxide (SiO), Selenium Trioxide (Se ₂ O ₃ ), Tin Oxide (SnO ₂ ), Tungsten Trioxide (WO ₃ ), high-index organic monomers and/or high-index organic polymers or layers of metal oxides, such as non-stoichiometric aluminum oxide, copper oxides, or chromium oxides and/or of at least one metallic material from printing inks or paints with metallic pigments, in particular selected from the group of aluminum, Silver, copper, gold, platinum, niobium, tin, or made of nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt and palladium or alloys of these materials, in particular cobalt-nickel alloys.

An embodiment would be conceivable and advantageous here, for example, in which the security element is formed with a partial, reflective layer that forms an image, the layer having an area that includes a metallic material and another area that includes an HRI material . In this case, the primer can cover that area which includes a metallic material and leave out that area which includes the HRI material. When applied in register, this can sometimes take place without a shift that is perceptible to an observer or with very good optical agreement with the area boundaries or transitions. When such an arrangement is viewed in reflection, the image can be perceptible to a viewer in the window, ie in the recessed area comprising an HRI material, and invisible in the bridge area, ie in the covered area comprising a metallic material. When viewing this arrangement in transmitted light, the opposite optical effect can be achieved. In this case, the image would be in the recessed area comprising an HRI material, not visible to a viewer and the image in the bridge area, i.e. in the covered area comprising a metallic material, recognizable as a watermark. The image can either be a continuous motif, which consists of several differently designed areas, or the image can be formed by several motifs, symbols or the like, with each motif or symbol being formed by an independent area.

According to an advantageous development, the carrier layer and the primer can comprise the same material, in particular the same cellulose fiber-based material. This can be useful above all if the substrate is a paper substrate. The paper substrate can be produced from a pulp, ie from an aqueous suspension comprising a cellulose material, in one—preferably continuous—process step. In this case, the carrier layer can be produced, in which case the security element can be introduced or blown in, for example in the form of a security thread, and a primer formed from the same pulp can be applied to this partially or over the entire surface. The primer, which, like the carrier layer, can be formed from paper, can subsequently be printed in the course of banknote printing.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the image formed by the partial, reflective layer is formed from image elements that are of different size and shape, wherein an image element is formed by a continuous surface of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer and wherein the partial , reflecting and image-forming layer is interrupted between two picture elements. A picture element means, as it were, a single raster point or a single raster area. In particular, it can be advantageous here if the image formed by the partial, reflective layer is in the form of a mosaic-like image.

In addition, it can be provided that image elements of different sizes correspond to different mosaics of the mosaic-like image.

Also advantageous is an embodiment according to which it can be provided that the areas interrupting the partial, reflective and image-forming layer are removed by removal the layer, in particular formed by demetallization. In this case, the removal can take place, for example, in the course of washing or etching processes. In particular, when the partial, reflective and image-forming layer is a metallic layer, the removal can be carried out by demetallization. Both so-called positive images and negative images can be realized. In the case of positive images, the image is formed by the metalized areas of the layer, while in the case of negative images, the image is formed by the demetalized areas of the layer. Positive images appear as a dark image on a light background when viewed with transmitted light, whereas negative images appear as a light image on a dark background.

According to a development, it is possible for a thickness of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer to be the same in all non-recessed areas of the layer. Furthermore, it can be expedient if a thickness of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer is different in at least two of the non-recessed areas of the layer. This allows different optical densities or multi-layer shadow images to be realized.

In addition, it can be provided that the security element has one or more additional layers, which additional layers include in particular protective lacquers, heat-sealing lacquers, adhesives, primers and/or foils.

According to the invention, a security or security paper, in particular a polymer security or polymer security paper, is provided with at least one security element comprising a substrate, the substrate being designed according to one of the claims.

The security or security paper according to the invention can be used to produce securities or security papers with one or more highly forgery-proof security elements. If the substrate is a polymer substrate, a banknote manufacturer is thus provided with a starting material which, in principle, can be further processed like or similar to paper for paper banknotes. Thus, a banknote manufacturer can, for example, use the same machines or process steps, or also by means of minor modifications, both paper banknotes and polymer banknotes produce. This brings advantages in terms of profitability of the entire production chain, while maintaining high product quality.

The security element(s) formed in or on the substrate ensures an additional degree of security against forgery, because the visibility of the security element(s) is reduced as a result of the primer applied. Those areas on the first and/or on the second substrate side on or in which a security element covered with a primer is formed can be perceived less well or less clearly than those areas of the carrier layer with and/or without an overlying primer. According to the invention, the primer, which serves to cover the security element or elements, but can also enable a later, individual printing of the substrate by a banknote manufacturer, is applied at least in sections to the security element or elements and/or to the carrier layer, so that at least selected areas are covered and are at least less well visible or less clearly or less strongly contrasted. This effect, that areas covered by the primer are less clearly visible than areas not covered by the primer, is primarily recognizable or perceptible to an observer when he looks at that substrate side of the substrate on which the primer is applied. Of course, the substrate can also have a primer on both sides. In these forms, the effect of the less good visibility of covered areas on both sides of the substrate would be recognizable. It is also possible for the security element or elements to be arranged on or in both outer surfaces of the carrier layer.

Security elements can be designed, for example, as security threads, security strips and the like, with other advantageous types or configurations known to those skilled in the art also being conceivable.

According to an advantageous development, the image formed by the partial, reflective layer can be in the form of a mosaic-like image. The formation of security elements with a partial, reflective layer forming a mosaic-like image is, for example, from EP1674286A1 known. This allows very realistic-looking, high-resolution and high-quality or detailed images to be displayed from metalized pixels or grid points, with areas with different optical Densities can be realizable. If a corresponding security element is applied, for example as a thread, strip or as a transfer thread film in or on a substrate and accordingly overprinted over the entire surface or also in certain areas with the primer, the image or security element is made into a shadow image or watermark, or is perceived as such by an observer . The primer acts like a clouding layer. Since different optical densities can sometimes also be achieved from different image areas, multi-level watermarks can be implemented.

For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Fig. 1

eine Ausführungsform eines Substrates in Aufsicht,

Fig. 2

eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Substrats in Aufsicht,

Fig. 3

vier Querschnitte des Substrats aus Fig. 2.

They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

1

an embodiment of a substrate in a top view,

2

another embodiment of a substrate in plan view,

3

four cross-sections of the substrate 2 .

As an introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numbers or the same component designations, it being possible for the disclosures contained throughout the description to be applied to the same parts with the same reference numbers or the same component designations. The position information selected in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., is related to the figure directly described and shown and these position information are to be transferred to the new position in the event of a change of position.

the figure 1 shows a substrate 1 for the production of securities or security papers. It is provided that the substrate 1 comprises a carrier layer 2 and at least one security element 3, with the security element 3 being applied to and/or in the carrier layer 2 and with a primer 4 applied to a first substrate side 5 and/or a second substrate side 6 of the Substrate 1 is applied at least in sections. It covers the Primer 4 protects the security element 3 and/or the carrier layer 2 at least in sections, with areas of the security element 3 covered by the primer 4 being less clearly visible than areas of the security element 3 that are not covered by the primer 4 and/or areas of the security element 3 that are not covered by the primer 4 Regions of the carrier layer 2. Provision is also made for the security element 3 to be formed with a partial, reflective layer 7 that forms an image. It may be the case that the image formed by the partial, reflective layer 7 is in the form of a mosaic-like image.

The areas of the security element 3 covered by the primer 4 may not be visible when viewed from above and visible when viewed through, or the areas of the security element 3 covered by the primer 4 may be more visible when viewed through than when viewed from above. The primer 4 can be applied by means of a printing process. In addition, the primer 4 can be designed to be printable.

In particular, in the figure 1 a section or partial area of a sheet of a substrate 1 is shown in a top view, it being possible for the substrate 1 to be both a polymer substrate and a paper substrate. The substrate 1 or the sheet is divided into zones by means of finely broken lines, which zones identify the areas for securities or security papers that can be made from the substrate 1 or from the processed substrate 1 . In the two columns shown, security elements 3 designed as a security thread are shown. The primer 4 can partially cover the carrier layer 2 and/or the security element 3 . Such a partial covering of a security element 3 designed as a security thread is shown in the first column. The security thread, on which the number ten is reproduced repeatedly by means of a partial, reflective layer 7 that forms an image, is alternately covered by the primer 4 and not covered. In the covered areas, the number ten is perceived as a silhouette or watermark and in the uncovered areas as a "normal" or conventional image or else a mosaic-like image or raster image. Two security effects can thus be realized by means of one and the same security element 3 . Areas or sections not covered by the primer 4 are perceived as so-called windows 12 by a user looking at the substrate 1 from above. If these windows 12 are only on one side of the substrate 1, the windows 12 are also referred to as half windows. If the ones from the primer 4 don't lie If the covered areas face each other, the windows 12 formed thereby are referred to as full windows. However, the primer 4 can also cover the carrier layer 2 and/or the security element 3 over the entire surface or completely. Such a full-area coverage of a security element 3 designed as a security thread is shown in the second column of FIG figure 1 shown. Here, too, the security thread repeatedly reproduces the number ten by means of a partial, reflective layer 7 that forms an image, with the entire security thread being able to be perceived by an observer as a silhouette or watermark. The primer 4 can also be designed to be diffusely scattering. In particular, the primer 4 can produce a white color impression in daylight.

The carrier layer 2 can be made of plastic, in particular made of a translucent plastic, the carrier layer 2 preferably being at least one of the materials from the group polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), monoaxially oriented polypropylene (MOPP), biaxially oriented polypropylene ( BOPP), polyethylene (PE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketone (PEK), polyethyleneimide (PEI), polysulfone (PSU), polyaryletherketone (PAEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), liquid crystalline polymers (LCP), polyester , Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin copolymers (COC), polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene fluoroterpolymer (EFEP) and/or blends and/or co-polymes re and/or composite materials of these materials or be made of at least one of these materials.

The at least one security element 3 or at least one further security element 3 can be formed with an optically variable feature, with a feature optically recognizable in transmission or reflection, with a machine-readable feature and/or substances or features that absorb and/or re-emit electromagnetic waves.

The partial, reflective and image-forming layer 7 can contain at least one metallic material, in particular selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, platinum, Niobium, tin, or made of nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt and palladium or alloys of these materials, in particular cobalt-nickel alloys, and/or at least one high-index dielectric material with a refractive index of greater than 1.65, in particular selected from from the group zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), carbon (C), indium oxide (In ₂ O ₃ ), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta ₂ O ₅ ), cerium oxide ( CeO ₂ ), yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ), europium oxide (Eu ₂ O ₃ ), iron oxides such as iron(II,III) oxide (Fe ₃ O ₄ ) and iron(III) oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), Hafnium Nitride (HfN), Hafnium Carbide (HfC), Hafnium Oxide (HfO ₂ ), _{Lanthana Oxide (La 2} O ₃ ), Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Neodymium Oxide (Nd ₂ O ₃ ), Praseodymium _{Oxide (Pr 6} O ₁₁ ), Samarium Oxide (Sm ₂ O ₃ ), antimony trioxide (Sb ₂ O ₃ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ₃ N ₄ ), silicon monoxide (SiO), selenium trioxide (Se ₂ O ₃ ), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), tungsten trioxide (WO ₃ ), high refractive index organic monomers and / or high-index organic polymers or layers of metal oxides, such as non-stoichiometric aluminum oxide, copper oxides, or chromium oxides and / or at least one metallic material from printing inks or paints with metallic pigments, in particular selected from the group of aluminum, silver, copper, gold, platinum , Niobium, tin, or made of nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt and palladium or alloys of these materials, in particular cobalt-nickel alloys.

An embodiment would also be conceivable and advantageous here, for example, in which the security element 3 is formed with a partial, reflective layer 7 that forms an image, the layer 7 having a region which comprises a metallic material and a further region which has a HRI material included. In this case, the primer 4 can cover that area which includes a metallic material and leave out that area which includes the HRI material. When applied in register, this can sometimes take place without a shift that is perceptible to an observer or with very good optical agreement with the area boundaries or transitions. When such an arrangement is viewed in reflection, the image can be perceptible to a viewer in the window 12, ie in the recessed area comprising an HRI material, and invisible in the bridge area, ie in the covered area comprising a metallic material. When viewing this arrangement in transmitted light, the opposite optical effect can be achieved. In this case, the image in the recessed area comprising an HRI material would not be visible to a viewer and the image in the bridge area, ie in the covered area comprising a metallic material, would be recognizable as a watermark. The image can either be a continuous motif, which consists of several differently designed areas, or the image can be formed by several motifs, symbols or the like, with each motif or symbol being formed by an independent area.

The carrier layer 2 and the primer 4 can comprise the same material, in particular the same cellulose fiber-based material. This can be expedient above all if the substrate 1 is a paper substrate. The paper substrate can be produced from a pulp, ie from an aqueous suspension comprising a cellulose material, in one—preferably continuous—process step. In this case, the carrier layer 2 can be produced, in which case the security element 3, for example in the form of a security thread, can be introduced or blown in and a primer 4 formed from the same pulp can be applied to this partially or over the entire surface. The primer 4, which, like the carrier layer 2, can be formed from paper, can subsequently be printed in the course of banknote printing.

The image formed by the partial reflective layer, which according to the example in figure 1 represents the number ten repeatedly, may be formed of pixels 10 which are of different sizes and shapes, wherein a pixel 10 may be formed by a continuous area of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer 7 and wherein the partial, reflective and the Image-forming layer 7 between two picture elements 10 can be interrupted. In particular, it can be advantageous here if the image formed by the partial, reflective layer 7 is in the form of a mosaic-like image. It may also be the case that image elements 10 of different sizes correspond to different mosaics of the mosaic-like image. The areas interrupting the partial, reflective and image-forming layer 7 can be formed by removing the layer 7, in particular by demetallization.

The security element 3 can have one or more additional layers, which additional layers can include in particular protective lacquers, heat-sealing lacquers, adhesives, primers and/or foils. As is well known to those skilled in the art, the substrate 1 can also have one or more additional layers. It can also be the case that the security element 3 and/or the carrier layer 2 and/or the primer 4 has a cover layer are covered at least in sections, whereby areas of the security element 3 covered by the cover layer can be less clearly visible than areas of the security element 3 not covered by the cover layer and/or as areas of the carrier layer 2 not covered by the cover layer and/or than by the cover layer uncovered areas of the primer 4. This is particularly the case when the primer 4 is arranged at least in sections between the carrier layer 2 and the security element 3.

From the substrate 1 according to the embodiment in figure 1 a security or security paper can be produced with at least one security element 3 comprising the substrate 1, wherein the substrate 1 is designed according to one of the claims.

In the figure 2 , as well as in the Figures 3A to 3D a further and possibly independent embodiment of the substrate 1 is shown, with the same reference numerals as in the previous one for the same parts figure 1 be used. In particular, the substrate 1 can be a polymer substrate or a paper substrate. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the detailed description in the figure 1 pointed out or referred to.

In the figure 2 a further embodiment of the substrate 1 is shown in a plan view, in which in particular an area of a security paper or security paper that can be made from the substrate 1 is shown, which is marked by dashed lines. A security element 3 in the form of a security thread is applied to the substrate 1 and repeatedly reproduces a motif in the form of a temple. For this purpose, the security element 3 is formed with a partial, reflective layer 7 that forms an image. The primer 4 covers the carrier layer 2 over the entire surface and the security element 3 partially. Where the security element 3 is partially covered by the primer 4, the motif or the temple shown appears as a watermark or silhouette.

In the Figures 3A to 3D are four cross-sections from the substrate 1 from figure 2 shown, with the respective cutting positions in the figure 2 are marked at the appropriate positions by means of arrows and letters. According to the example, the primer 4 is applied only to the first substrate side 5 . Of course, it would also be conceivable and possibly expedient if the primer 4 was also applied to the second substrate side 6 at least applied in areas. Of course, it is also conceivable that the security element 3 has one or more additional layers, which additional layers can include in particular protective lacquers, heat-sealing lacquers, adhesives, primers and/or foils. For the sake of simplicity, and also because the formation of such layers and their technical advantages are well known to those skilled in the art, the representation and conceivable arrangements of these layers in the figures have been omitted.

In the Figures 3A to 3D It is shown that the image formed by the partial reflective layer 7 can be formed of image elements 10 which can be of different size and shape, where an image element 10 can be formed by a continuous area of the partial reflective layer 7 forming the image and wherein the partial, reflective and image-forming layer 7 can be interrupted between two image elements 10. In particular, it can also be advantageous here if the image formed by the partial, reflective layer 7 is in the form of a mosaic-like image. It may also be the case that image elements 10 of different sizes correspond to different mosaics of the mosaic-like image. The areas that interrupt the partial, reflective layer 7 that forms an image can be formed by removing the layer 7, in particular by demetallization.

the Figure 3A shows a longitudinal section through the security element 3 designed as a security thread. Those areas not covered by the primer 4 are designed as windows 12. the Figure 3C shows a longitudinal section through the substrate 1 in that area which is formed without a security element 3, with the primer 4 covering the carrier layer 2 completely. In the Figure 3B a section through the temple motif of the security element 3 is shown, with the primer 4 not covering the security element 3 here and thus a window 12 being formed. In that window 12 the temple motif can be seen as a raster image. In the Figure 3D a section through the temple motif of the security element 3 is shown, with the primer 4 completely covering the security element 3 here. The temple motif can be seen here as a high-resolution silhouette or watermark.

The carrier layer 2 can have a thickness 8 of 5 μm to 700 μm, preferably from 30 μm to 150 μm, particularly preferably from 50 μm to 125 μm, in particular from 65 μm to 90 μm. The primer 4 can have a thickness 9 of 1 μm to 60 μm, preferably from 5 μm to 50 μm, particularly preferably from 7 μm to 45 μm, in particular from 10 μm to 40 μm.

A thickness 11 of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer 7 - as in the Figures 3A, 3B and 3D shown as an example - be the same in all non-recessed areas of the layer 7. However, it is also possible that a thickness 11 of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer 7 is different in at least two of the non-recessed areas of the layer 7, with this conceivable embodiment not being shown in the figures.

The exemplary embodiments show possible variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated variants of the same, but rather that various combinations of the individual variants with one another are also possible and this possibility of variation is based on the teaching on technical action through the present invention in skills of the specialist working in this technical field.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings should be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The task on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in the present description should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges, e.g. the information 1 to 10 should be understood to mean that all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, are also included , ie all subranges start with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

Finally, for the sake of clarity, it should be pointed out that some elements are shown not to scale and/or enlarged and/or reduced in size for a better understanding of the structure.

list of reference numbers

1

substrate

2

backing layer

3

security element

4

primer

5

first substrate side

6

second substrate side

7

layer

8th

thickness

9

thickness

10

picture element

11

thickness

12

window

Claims (23)

Substrate (1) for producing securities or security papers, characterized in that the substrate (1) comprises a carrier layer (2) and at least one security element (3), the security element (3) being on and/or in the carrier layer (2) is applied and wherein a primer (4) is applied at least in sections to a first substrate side (5) and/or a second substrate side (6) of the substrate (1),
which primer (4) is arranged at least in sections between the carrier layer (2) and the security element (3),
and/or which primer (4) covers the security element (3) and/or the carrier layer (2) at least in sections, with areas of the security element (3) covered by the primer (4) being less visible than those covered by the primer (4 ) areas of the security element (3) that are not covered and/or as areas of the carrier layer (2) that are not covered by the primer (4),
and wherein the security element (3) is formed with a partial, reflective and image-forming layer (7). Substrate (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the image formed by the partial, reflective layer (7) is in the form of a mosaic-like image. Substrate (1) according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the substrate (1) is a polymer substrate or a paper substrate. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the areas of the security element (3) covered by the primer (4) are not visible when viewed from above and are visible when viewed through, or that the areas covered by the primer (4). of the security element (3) are more visible when viewed through than when viewed from above. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the security element (3) and/or the carrier layer (2) and/or the primer (4) are covered at least in sections with a cover layer, regions of the Security element (3) are less visible than the Areas of the security element (3) not covered by the cover layer and/or as areas of the carrier layer (2) not covered by the cover layer and/or as areas of the primer (4) not covered by the cover layer. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primer (4) is applied by means of a printing process. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primer (4) is designed to be printable. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primer (4) covers the entire surface of the carrier layer (2) and/or the security element (3). Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primer (4) partially covers the carrier layer (2) and/or the security element (3). Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primer (4) is designed to be diffusely scattering, in particular that the primer (4) produces a white color impression in daylight. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier layer (2) is made of plastic, in particular is made of a translucent plastic, the carrier layer (2) preferably having at least one of the materials from the group of polyimide (PI) , polypropylene (PP), monoaxially oriented polypropylene (MOPP), biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), polyethylene (PE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketone (PEK), polyethyleneimide (PEI), polysulfone (PSU), Polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), liquid crystalline polymers (LCP), polyester, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin copolymers (COC), polyoxymethylene (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-fluoroterpolymer (EFEP) and/or mixtures and/or copolymers and/or composite materials of these materials or is made from at least one of these materials. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier layer (2) has a thickness (8) of 5 µm to 700 µm, preferably from 30 µm to 150 µm, particularly preferably from 50 µm to 125 µm, in particular from 65 µm to 90 µm. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primer (4) has a thickness (9) of 1 µm to 60 µm, preferably from 5 µm to 50 µm, particularly preferably from 7 µm to 45 µm, in particular from 10 µm to 40 µm. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one security element (3) or at least one further security element (3) with an optically variable feature, with a feature optically recognizable in transmission or reflection, with a machine-readable feature and /or is formed by substances or features that absorb and/or re-emit electromagnetic waves. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the partial, reflective and image-forming layer (7) comprises at least one metallic material, in particular selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, aluminium, gold, platinum, niobium, tin, or made of nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt and palladium or alloys of these materials, in particular cobalt-nickel alloys, and/or at least one high-index dielectric material with a refractive index greater than 1.65, in particular selected from the group of zinc sulfide ( ZnS), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), carbon (C), indium oxide (In ₂ O ₃ ), indium tin oxide (ITO), tantalum pentoxide (Ta ₂ O ₅ ), cerium oxide (CeO ₂ ), Yttrium oxide (Y ₂ O ₃ ), europium oxide (Eu ₂ O ₃ ), iron oxides such as iron(II,III) oxide (Fe ₃ O ₄ ) and iron(III) oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), hafnium nitride (HfN) , Hafnium Carbide (HfC), Hafnium Oxide (HfO ₂ ), _{Lanthana Oxide (La 2} O ₃ ), Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Neodymium Oxide (Nd ₂ O ₃ ), praseodymium oxide (Pr ₆ O ₁₁ ), samarium _{oxide (Sm 2} O ₃ ), antimony trioxide (Sb ₂ O ₃ ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ₃ N ₄ ), silicon monoxide (SiO), selenium trioxide (Se ₂ O ₃ ), Tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), tungsten trioxide (WO ₃ ), high-index organic monomers and / or high-index organic polymers or layers of metal oxides, such as non-stoichiometric aluminum oxide, copper oxides, or chromium oxides and / or at least one metallic material from printing inks or paints with metallic Pigments, in particular selected from the group of aluminum, silver, copper, gold, platinum, niobium, tin, or made of nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt and palladium or alloys of these materials, in particular cobalt-nickel alloys. Substrate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the image formed by the partial reflective layer (7) is formed of image elements (10) which are of different size and shape, one image element (10) being replaced by a continuous surface of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer (7) and wherein the partial, reflective and image-forming layer (7) is interrupted between two picture elements (10). Substrate (1) according to Claims 2 and 16, characterized in that image elements (10) of different sizes correspond to different mosaics of the mosaic-like image. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the areas interrupting the partial, reflective and image-forming layer (7) are formed by removing the layer (7), in particular by demetallization. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a thickness (11) of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer (7) is the same in all non-recessed areas of the layer (7). Substrate (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a thickness (11) of the partial, reflective and image-forming layer (7) differs in at least two of the non-recessed areas of the layer (7). Substrate (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the security element (3) has one or more additional layers which additional layers include in particular protective lacquers, heat-sealing lacquers, adhesives, primers and/or foils. Substrate (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier layer (2) and the primer (4) comprise the same material, in particular the same cellulose fiber-based material. Securities or security paper with at least one security element (3) comprising a substrate (1), characterized in that the substrate (1) is designed according to one of Claims 1 to 22.

Images