EP3801953A1

EP3801953A1 - Blank for a conduit arrangement, in particular of an electrical inductor

Info

Publication number: EP3801953A1
Application number: EP18726993.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rolf Cremerius; Thomas Weckerling; Ümit Aydin; Galina ERMAKOVA
Original assignee: GKN Driveline International GmbH
Current assignee: GKN Driveline International GmbH
Priority date: 2018-05-24
Filing date: 2018-05-24
Publication date: 2021-04-14
Also published as: US12134130B2; CN112423914B; JP2021524673A; CN112423914A; JP7267307B2; WO2019223866A1; US20210178482A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a blank (1) for a conduit arrangement (2), at least comprising an annular conduit (3) having a first end (4) and a second end (5), which is formed by a channel (7) surrounded by a wall (6). The conduit arrangement (2) has an axis of rotation (8) and the conduit (3) extends in a circumferential direction (9) over an angle of more than 360 degrees about the axis of rotation (8) and forms at least one wind (10) turn. The axis of rotation (8) is arranged perpendicularly to a base surface (11), the wall (6) having first surfaces (12) which are arranged at a first angle (13) of at least 30 degrees relative to the base surface (11) or in which a surface normal (31) forms at least one second angle (32) of 0 to 60 degrees with respect to the base surface (11). First partial surfaces (15) of the walls (6), which face one another in an axial direction (14), of adjacent turns (10) are arranged spaced apart from one another. The blank (1) is produced by an additive manufacturing process.

Description

Blank of a conduit arrangement, in particular an electrical inductor

The present invention relates to a blank of a line arrangement, in particular an electrical inductor. The blank is produced in particular by a generative (or additive) manufacturing process.

In particular, the inductor has an annular conduit having a first end and a second end formed by a channel enclosed by a wall. The channel can be traversed by a coolant during operation of the inductor. The inductor or its wall is an electrical conductor or comprises at least one electrical conductor which is used in particular for thermal treatment of components.

The inductor is in particular for the production of joints, for. B. ball joints, provided. The inductor is introduced in particular in outer joint parts of constant velocity joints, so that at least the surfaces of the constant velocity joint (eg guide surfaces for balls or for a cage) can be treated with the inductor. Generative manufacturing methods for the production of workpieces are well known. The term "additive manufacturing" (also referred to as "additive manufacturing" (AM)) is a comprehensive term for all processes for the rapid and cost-effective production of models, samples, prototypes, tools and end products. This production takes place directly on the basis of the computer-internal data models from informal (liquids, gels / pastes, powders, etc.) or form-neutral (ribbon, wire, sheet-shaped) material by means of chemical and / or physical processes. Although these are often forming processes, a specific product does not require special tools that have stored the geometry of the workpiece (for example, molds). The different methods are z. Powder bed processes, free space processes, liquid material processes and other laminating driving, which are partly similar to 3D printing. To distinguish the methods are also based on the material for building the product, eg. As plastic, metal and ceramic. Fabrication of a blank of a multi-turn inductor described above, which are adjacent to one another along an axial direction, is at least difficult to achieve by means of a regenerative manufacturing process. On this basis, it is an object of the present invention, at least partially solve the problems described in conjunction with the prior art. In particular, a blank of a line arrangement is to be proposed which can be produced by a regenerative production method. In particular, a loss of material occurring during production (ie, raw part of the line arrangement to line arrangement) should be kept as low as possible.

For this purpose, a blank contributes according to the features of claim 1. Before some refinements are the subject of the dependent claims. The features listed individually in the claims can be combined with each other in a technologically meaningful manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and details of the figures, with further embodiments of the invention are shown. It is proposed a blank of a line arrangement, at least umfas send an annular conduit having a first end and a second end which is formed by a wall enclosed by a channel. The Lei processing arrangement has an axis of rotation. The conduit extends circumferentially more than 360 degrees about the axis of rotation and forms at least two turns adjacent to each other along an axial direction (axial direction parallel to the axis of rotation). The Rotary axis is arranged perpendicular to a base. The channel has a flow cross section and the winding forming the channel has a cross section which encompasses the throughflow cross section. The cross section has a height between a lower limit (starting from the base, the lower limit forms the bottom of the turn) and an upper limit (starting from the base the top of the turn) along the axial direction. The wall has, starting from the lower limita tion and at least up to 30% of the height, in particular up to 50% of the height, preferably up to 75% of the height; particularly preferably over the entire height, exclusively first surfaces (which do not contact the base surface),

• Which are arranged at a first angle of at least 30 angular degrees, in particular at least 45 degrees of angle, with respect to the base surface (al so first angle between 30 and 150 angular degrees or between 45 and 135 degrees) or run or

In which a surface normal forms at least one (smallest) second angle of 0 to 60 degrees of angle, in particular from 0 to 45 degrees of angle to the base surface.

Along the axial direction facing each other first partial surfaces of the Wandun conditions arranged adjacent turns are arranged spaced from each other. The blank is made (exclusively) by a generative manufacturing process (starting from the base and along the axial direction).

In particular, a gap between adjacent turns along the axial direction is less than 10 millimeters, preferably less than 5 millimeters (but greater than 0 millimeters).

The conduit arrangement comprises in particular an annular conduit which ent along the axial direction adjacent to each other arranged turns has. The individual, along the axial direction adjacent arranged Win compounds are arranged in particular at mutually overlapping positions along the radial direction alen. The conduit extends between a first end and a second end. The wall of the pipe forms inside at least one channel, the z. B. can be traversed by a fluid. The fluid can therefore z. For example, enter the channel via an open first end, pass along the channel in the conduit to an open second end, and exit via the second end.

In particular, the channel has a throughflow cross section through which the fluid can flow. In particular, the flow area along the conduit is substantially constant (or has a variance of at most 30%).

The blank can be produced or built starting from a base by a generative pro duction process. Thus, starting from the base surface and along the axial direction, in particular layer by layer (each layer substantially parallel to the base surface and in particular at most one millimeter thick), the blank is formed (eg by successive (melting and subsequent) solidification of a previously informal or shape neutral material).

In the case of the blank, in particular the following problems that occur in AM methods are taken into account:

larger flow cross sections are not producible in the AM process, because no larger overhangs can be formed in the layer construction process;

the lower part of each turn must be supported during manufacture; that is, if there is an adjacent turn under a turn, the support structure must be built in the gap between the windings who the; Support structures within the channels can not be removed (or only with great effort), support structures between the turns Kgs very difficult to remove. In the production of the blank, in particular (first and / or second) surfaces (ie in particular surfaces, also curved) are formed, which are inclined by at least 30 degrees to the base surface or whose surface normal at least one (smallest) second angle from 0 to 60 degrees Base surface forms.

In this case, in particular each further layer which is successively joined to the blank along the axial direction must be built up on a layer already forming the blank, wherein the (top) surfaces of the layers along the axial direction have a first angle of at least 30 Have degrees against the base surface or form the surface normal at least a second angle of 0 to 60 degrees to the base plane.

In this case, edges or lines or radii, in particular radii with a radius of less than 8 millimeters, in particular less than 5 millimeters, preferably less than 2 millimeters, even at a lower first win angle to the base surface or a larger second angle Have between face normal and base area. In particular, a surface of the blank contacting the (fixed) base surface or a base may also run at a smaller first angle.

(First and / or second) surfaces, which are arranged along the axial direction at a first angle of at least 30 degrees angle to the base, can be produced by the generative manufacturing process. Areas which have a smaller first angle can not be produced, in particular, without costly support structures (except for the diameter of the throughflow). mungsquerschnitts is less than about 8 millimeters) or can be produced only with greater technical or time.

In particular, the channel has a flow cross-section and the turn forming the channel has a cross-section which encompasses the flow cross-section. The cross section has between a lower limit (the ent long the axial direction lowest point of the cross section) and an upper limit Be (the highest point along the axial direction of the cross section) ent long the axial direction to a height. Starting from the lower boundary and at least up to 30% of the height, the wall has only first surfaces (which do not contact the base surface). In particular, the wall of the turn in the remaining region of the cross section (ie in particular from 30% of the height to 100% of the height) by surfaces (ie in particular surfaces, even bent) are formed, which are inclined at less than 30 degrees to the base surface or whose surface normal forms at least one (smallest) second angle of more than 60 degrees of angle to the base surface.

In particular, the blank has a support structure, which is used for the production of the blank. The support structure is also made (exclusively) by an additive manufacturing process. The support structure is in particular materially connected to the blank or the line arrangement. In particular, the support structure is produced jointly (ie at least partially parallel in time) with the blank or the line arrangement. In particular, the support structure (exclusively) has the function to support the blank or the line assembly during manufacture and to make it so. The support structure can be completely separated from the Leitungsan order after the preparation of the blank without the intended function of the line order is impaired thereby. Furthermore, the support structure can cause heat and thus at least reduce distortion of the blank. The blank additionally preferably has a support structure which is at least 30% by weight (with respect to the entire support structure, not the line arrangement or the entire blank), in particular at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% %, particularly preferably 100% by weight, is formed by second surfaces, wherein the second surfaces are arranged at a first angle of at least 30 degrees relative to the base surface or whose surface normals are at least one (smallest) second angle of 0 to 60 degrees of angle Base area forms.

In particular, the support structure extends from the wall in a radial direction exclusively inside or outside the at least one turn. In particular, a smaller part of the support structure (eg at most 30% by weight of the support structure) may be arranged in the radial direction in the region of the turn (that is to say along the axial direction in alignment with the turn).

In this case, edges or lines or radii, in particular radii with a radius of less than 8 millimeters, in particular less than 5 millimeters, preferably less than 2 millimeters, even at a lower first win angle to the base surface or a larger second angle between surface normal and base have. A (solid) base surface or a pad contacting surface of the support structure may in particular just run at a smaller first angle.

Preferably, the blank comprises the annular duct and the support structure, and the support structure has an at least 30% by weight, in particular at most 20% by weight of the material forming the blank, preferably at most 10% by weight, more preferably at most 5% -%, on. In particular, therefore, the annular line, which in particular comprises Finally, the wall forming the channel comprises a proportion of at least 70% by weight.

By means of the blank proposed here, the proportion of the material which is required during production of the blank to support the structure can be kept low. This can save costs, energy but also material. In particular, the cost of post-processing of the raw part is reduced for the preparation of the line arrangement. In particular, the support structure comprises (at least) a web extending from the wall of the at least one turn inwardly or outwardly at least in a radial direction and circumferential in the circumferential direction, webs of individual windings at one, inside or outside of the at least one turn Winding arranged, are bounded by the base along the axial direction supporting wall.

In particular, the support structure is formed exclusively by the support wall and the webs. Preferably, the support structure comprises a circumferential in the circumferential direction of the wall connecting wall connecting walls of adjacent to each other arranged turns together.

In particular, the connecting walls extend exclusively along the axial direction and in the circumferential direction. Preferably, the connecting wall Ver extends, starting from the wall of a turn along the radial direction and along the axial direction

In particular, the blank along the axial direction on a first end face and an oppositely disposed second end face. The first end and the second end are arranged on the second end face. The channel extends starting from the first end at least partially along the axial direction to the first end face and forms there a first turn. In particular, the channel extends, starting from the first turn, over at least one further last turn, which is arranged at the second end face, up to a second end.

In particular, the channel has a flow cross-section with a largest width, wherein the largest width is at least 8 millimeters, preferably at least 10 millimeters.

In particular, widths of at least 8 millimeters (ie without further support within the channel) can be realized with the proposed construction of a blank. It is further proposed a line arrangement, made of the already described blank. Along an axial direction facing each other first faces adjacent arranged turns are spaced from each other and individual turns are ver only over the wall connected. The adjacently arranged turns are therefore not supported or supported by further support elements.

It is proposed to use the described line arrangement, wherein the line arrangement is used as an electrical inductor, which is flowed through by the channel of a coolant.

The material of the line arrangement comprises or consists of electrically leitfähi ges material such. As copper, electro copper or other copper alloys, alloys of at least copper and zirconium, aluminum, etc .. Preferably, the material is present as a powder before the production of the blank, whereby the powder is first connected to the raw part as part of the generative manufacturing process. In particular, the two windings each have cross sections which are arranged adjacent to one another along the axial direction, the two cross sections being different from one another. Each turn has in particular a channel with a flow cross-section, wherein the cross section comprises the flow cross-section.

A method is also proposed for producing the described line arrangement. The method comprises at least the following steps: a) producing the blank with a support structure by a generative pro duction method, wherein the support structure at least 30% by weight (with respect to the entire support structure, not the line arrangement or the entire blank), in particular at least to 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, more preferably 100% by weight, is formed by second surfaces, the second surfaces being at a first angle of at least 30 angular degrees from the base surface or having surface normals at least one

(smallest) second angle from 0 to 60 angular degrees to the base bil den; wherein the support structure extending from the wall in the radia len direction exclusively within or outside the at least one turn;

b) removing the support structure by a mechanical processing.

In particular, the blank comprises the annular conduit or the Leitungsan Regulation and the support structure, wherein the support structure with respect to the raw part forming material has a content of at most 30% by weight. In particular, the comments on the blank on the line arrangement, the use and the method are transferable and vice versa.

By way of precaution, it should be noted that the number words used here ("first", "second",...) Primarily (only) serve to distinguish a plurality of similar items, sizes or processes, ie in particular no dependence and / or order of these Specify objects, sizes or processes compelling to each other. If a dependency and / or order are required, this is explicitly stated here or it obviously results for the person skilled in the art when studying the concretely described embodiment.

The invention and the technical environment will be explained in more detail with reference to the fi gures. It should be noted that the invention should not be limited by the embodiments shown. In particular, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it is also possible to extract partial aspects of the facts explained in the figures and to combine them with other components and findings from the present description and / or figures. Identical reference symbols designate identical objects, so that, if necessary Erläu extensions of other figures can be used in addition. They show schematically:

1 shows a first embodiment of a blank or a Leitungsan order in a perspective view. 2 shows a second embodiment variant of a blank or a line arrangement in a perspective view;

3 shows a detail of the blank or the line arrangement according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in a perspective view and partly in section; 4 shows a part of the first embodiment variant of a blank according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view, partly in section;

5 shows a part of the second embodiment variant of a blank according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view, partly in section;

6 shows a mechanical processing of the blank according to FIG. 4, in a perspective view, partly in section; FIG. FIG. 7 shows the processed blank (the line arrangement) according to FIG. 6, in a perspective view, partly in section; FIG.

FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment variant of a line arrangement in a perspective view; FIG.

Fig. 9: the line arrangement of Figure 8 in a view along the rotation axis.

10 shows the line arrangement according to FIGS. 8 and 9 in a side view in FIG

Cut;

11 shows the line arrangement according to FIGS. 8 to 10 in operation as an inductor;

12: a part of a fourth embodiment of a blank in a perspective view, partly in section;

FIG. 13 shows another part of the fourth variant according to FIG. 12 in a perspective view, partly in section; FIG. Fig. 14: the fourth embodiment of Figure 12 and 13 in a side view. 15 shows a part of a fifth embodiment variant of a blank in a perspective view, partly in section; FIG. 16 shows another part of the fifth embodiment according to FIG. 15 in a perspective view, partly in section; FIG.

Fig. 17: the fifth embodiment of FIG. 15 and 16 in a Seitenan view;

Fig. 18: a part of a sixth embodiment of a blank in a perspective view, partly in section;

FIG. 19 shows another part of the sixth variant according to FIG. 19 in a perspective view, partly in section; FIG.

Fig. 20: the sixth embodiment of FIG. 18 and 19 in a side view; 21 shows a part of a seventh embodiment variant of a blank in a perspective view, partly in section;

FIG. 22 shows another part of the seventh embodiment according to FIG. 21 in a perspective view, partly in section; FIG.

Fig. 23: the seventh embodiment of FIGS. 21 and 22 in a Seitenan view;

Fig. 24: an eighth embodiment of a blank or a Leitungsan order in a perspective view; Fig. 25: a part of the eighth embodiment of a blank in a perspective view, partly in section; and

FIG. 26 shows a detail of the blank or the line arrangement according to FIG. 24 and FIG

25 in a perspective view and partly in section.

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a blank 1 and a line arrangement 2 in a perspective view. FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment variant of a blank 1 or a line arrangement 2 in a perspective view. Fig. 3 shows a detail of the blank 1 of FIG. 1 in a perspective view and partly in section. Figs. 1 to 3 are described in fol lowing common.

The blank 1 or the line arrangement 2 comprises an annular line 3 having a first end 4 and a second end 5, which is formed by a channel 7 enclosed by a wall 6. The pipe assembly 2 or the blank 1 has a rotation axis 8. The line 3 extends along a circumferential direction 9 over more than 360 degrees of angle (in this case about 990 degrees) around the axis of rotation 8 and forms two windings 10, the along an axial direction 14 (axial direction 14 parallel to the axis of rotation 8) adjacent are arranged to each other. The axis of rotation 8 is arranged perpendicular to a base 11. The wall 6 has first surfaces 12 (which do not contact the base surface 11), which are arranged at a first angle 13 of at least 30 degrees relative to the base surface 11 (ie first angles 13 between 30 and 150 degrees of angle or between 45 and 135 degrees) or ver run. The wall 6 has first surfaces 12 (which do not kon konakt the base 11), in which a surface normal 31 forms at least a second angle 32 from 0 to 60 degrees of angle to the base 11. Along the axia len direction 14 facing each other first partial surfaces 15 of the walls 6 adjacent arranged windings 10 are arranged spaced from each other. The blank 1 is produced exclusively by a generative manufacturing process.

The conduit arrangement 2 comprises an annular conduit 3 which has windings 10 arranged adjacent to one another along the axial direction 14. The individual windings 10 arranged adjacent to one another along the axial direction 14 are arranged at overlapping positions along the radial direction 18. The conduit 3 extends between a first end 4 and a second end 5. The wall 6 of the conduit 3 forms a channel 7, which is traversed by a fluid. The channel 7 has a through-flow of the fluid through the flow area 25. The flow cross-section 25 is substantially constant along the line 3.

The blank 1 is produced from the base 11 forth by a generative manufacturing process. Thus, starting from the base surface 11 and along the axial direction 14, layer by layer (each layer substantially parallel to the base surface 11), the blank 1 is formed (eg by successive solidification (if necessary intermediate melting or melting) Liquefaction) of a previously informal or shape neutral material).

In the production of the blank 1 (first and second) surfaces 12, 17 forms ge, along the axial direction 14 by at least 30 degrees to the base 11 inclined or in which a surface normal 31 at least a second angle 32 from 0 to 60 Angular degree to the base 11 form. A (solid) base surface 11 and a pad contacting surface of the blank 1 can in particular run at a smaller first angle 13. The channel 7 has a flow cross-section 25 with a largest width 26. The embodiment variants shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 differ in the different inclinations of the walls 6 of the line 3 and in the arrangement of the first end 4 and second end 5 of the line 3.

Fig. 4 shows a part of the first embodiment of a blank 1 of FIG. 1 in a perspective view, partially in section. 5 shows a part of the second embodiment variant of a blank 1 according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view, partly in section. Fig. 6 shows a mechanical processing of the blank 1 of FIG. 4, in a perspective view, partially in section. Fig. 7 shows the processed blank 1 (the line assembly 2) of FIG. 6, in a perspective view, partially in section. FIGS. 4 to 6 will be described together below. Reference is made to the comments on FIGS. 1 to 3.

The blank 1 has a support structure 16, which is used for the production of the blank 1. The support structure 16 is also (exclusively) manufactured by a generative manufacturing process. The support structure 16 is connected cohesively to the blank 1 and the line assembly 3. The support structure 16 is produced together (ie at least partially parallel in time) with the blank 1 or the line arrangement 2.

The blank 1 additionally has a support structure 16 which is formed exclusively by second surfaces 17, wherein the second surfaces 17 are arranged along the axial direction 14 at a first angle 13 of at least 30 degrees of angle relative to the base 11. The support structure 16 has second surfaces 17 (which do not contact the base 11) in which a surface 31 forms at least a second angle 32 of 0 to 60 degrees of angle to the base 11 (see FIG. 3, shown there on first surfaces 12) ). The support structure 16 extends from the wall 6 in a radial direction 18 within (FIG. 5) or outside (FIGS. 4 and 6) of the windings 10. The blank 1 comprises the annular conduit 3 and the support structure 16 and the support structure 16 has a proportion of at most 30% by weight with respect to the material forming the blank 1. In particular, therefore, the annular conduit 3, which in particular exclusively comprises the wall 6 forming the channel 7, has a proportion of at least 70% by weight.

The support structure 16 comprises web (19) extending from the wall 6 of the respective turn 10 at least in a radial direction 18 inwardly or outwardly extending and in the circumferential direction 9 the wall 6, webs 19 of individual turns 10 at, within or arranged outside the at least one turn 10, extending from the base 11 along the axi alen direction 14 extending support wall 20 are connected. Here, the support structure 16 is formed exclusively by the support wall 20 and the webs 19.

FIG. 6 shows that the webs 19, which extend outward from the wall 6 of the respective turn 10 at least in a radial direction 18 (here) and encircle the wall 6 in the circumferential direction 9, are joined by (mechanical) machining the tool 28 (feed direction indicated by the arrow, blank 1 is rotated relative to the tool 28) can be removed in a simple manner. 8 shows a third embodiment variant of a line arrangement 2 in a perspective view. FIG. 9 shows the line arrangement 2 according to FIG. 8 in a view along the axis of rotation 8. FIG. 10 shows the line arrangement 2 according to FIGS. 8 and 9 in a side view in section. Fig. 11 shows the Leitungsan Regulation 2 of FIG. 8 to 10 in operation as an inductor. FIGS. 8 to 11 will be described together below. On the comments on Figs. 1 to 3 will refer. The conduit assembly 2 has along the axial direction 14 on a first end side 22 and an oppositely disposed second end face 23. The first end 4 and the second end 5 are arranged on the second end face 23. The channel 7 extends from the first end 4 at least partially ent long the axial direction 14 to the first end face 22 and forms there a first turn 24. The channel 7 extends from the first turn 24 via further turns 10 toward a last turn 27, which is arranged on the second end face 23, up to a second end of the fifth

The line arrangement 2 has curved walls 6 on the outside. The curved wall 6 causes 10 different flow cross sections 25 result for the individual turns. The line assembly 2 can be used as In duktor for the production of joints, for. For example, ball-and-socket joints. The inductor is z. B. introduced in Gelenkaußenteilen 30 of Gleichlaufge steering, so that with the inductor at least the inner surfaces of the outer joint part 30 (eg., Guide surfaces for balls or for a cage) are treatable. The line assembly 2 can be connected via connection channels 29 to a Kühlmittelver supply. The connection channels 29 are connected to the ends 4, 5, z. B. via a solder joint.

FIG. 12 shows a part of a fourth embodiment variant of a blank 1 in a perspective view, partly in section. Fig. 13 shows another part of the fourth embodiment of FIG. 12 in a perspective view, partly in section. Fig. 14 shows the fourth embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13 in a side view. FIGS. 12 to 14 will be described below together. Reference is made to the comments on FIGS. 3 to 6. The blank 1 has a support structure 16, which is used for the production of the blank 1. The support structure 16 is formed exclusively by second surfaces 17. The support structure 16 extends, starting from the wall 6, in a radial direction 18 exclusively outside the turns 10.

The blank 1 comprises the annular conduit 3 and the support structure 16. In contrast to FIGS. 4 to 6, here the support structure 16 is formed exclusively by the connection wall 21. The support structure 16 has a peripheral wall 9 in the order circumferential direction 9 connecting wall 21, the Wan fertilize 6 of adjacent windings 10 connected to each other. The connecting walls 21 extend here exclusively along the axial direction 14 and in the circumferential direction. 9

FIG. 15 shows a part of a fifth embodiment of a blank 1 in a perspective view, partly in section. Fig. 16 shows another part of the fifth embodiment of FIG. 15 in a perspective view, partly in section. Fig. 17 shows the fifth embodiment of FIG. 15 and 16 in a side view. FIGS. 15 to 17 will be described below together. Reference is made to the comments on FIGS. 12 to 14.

In contrast to the fourth embodiment of the blank 1, the connection wall 21 extends, starting from the wall 6 of a winding 10 ent long the radial direction 18 and along the axial direction 14 (and along the circumferential direction. 9

Fig. 18 shows a part of a sixth embodiment of a blank 1 in a perspective view, partially in section. Fig. 19 shows another part of the sixth embodiment of FIG. 19 in a perspective view, partly in section. FIG. 20 shows the sixth embodiment according to FIGS. 18 and 19 in a side view. FIGS. 18 to 20 will be described together below. Reference is made to the comments on FIGS. 12 to 14. In contrast to the fourth embodiment, the support structure 16 extends from the wall 6 in a radial direction 18 exclusively within the windings 10th

FIG. 21 shows a part of a seventh embodiment variant of a blank 1 in a perspective view, partly in section. Fig. 22 shows another part of the seventh embodiment of FIG. 21 in a perspective view, partially in section. FIG. 23 shows the seventh embodiment according to FIGS. 21 and 22 in a side view. FIGS. 21 to 23 will be described below in common. Reference is made to the comments on FIGS. 15 to 17.

In contrast to the fifth embodiment variant, the support structure 16 extends from the wall 6 in a radial direction 18 exclusively within the windings 10.

Fig. 24 shows an eighth embodiment of a blank 1 and a Lei processing arrangement 2 in a perspective view. Fig. 25 shows a part of the eighth embodiment of the blank 1 in a perspective view, partially in section. Fig. 26 shows a detail of the blank 1 and the Leitungsan order 2 of FIG. 24 and 25 in a perspective view and partially in section. FIGS. 24 to 26 will be described together below. Reference is made to the comments on FIGS. 1 to 3. In the production of the blank 1, starting from the base surface 11 first surfaces 12 are formed, which extend along the axial direction 14 by at least 30 degrees to the base surface 11 inclined or in which a surface normal 31 at least a second angle 32 from 0 to 60 degrees to Base area 11 form. A surface of the blank 1 which contacts the (fixed) base surface 11 or a base can, in particular, run at a smaller angle 13. The channel 7 has a flow cross section 25 and the winding 7 forming the channel 7 has a cross section 33 which encompasses the flow cross section 25. The cross section 33 has a height 36 between a lower limit 34 (the lowest point of the cross section 33 along the axial direction 14) and an upper limit 35 (the highest point of the cross section 33 along the axial direction 14) along the axial direction 14. The wall 6, starting from the lower boundary 34 and up to about 80% of the height 36, has only first surfaces 12 (which do not contact the base 11). The wall 6 of the winding 10 becomes in the remaining region of the cross section 33 (ie, from about 80% of the height 36 to 100% of the height 36) by surfaces (ie in particular surfaces, here curved surface with a radius in the flow cross section 25th not more than 8 millimeters) which are inclined by less than 30 degrees to the base surface 11 and whose surface normal 31 forms at least one (smallest) second angle 32 of more than 60 degrees of angle to the base surface 11.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 blank

2 line arrangement

3 line

4 first end

5 second end

6 wall

7 channel

8 axis of rotation

9 circumferential direction

10 turns

11 base area

12 first area

13 first angle

14 axial direction

15 first partial area

16 support structure

17 second area

18 radial direction

19 bridges

20 retaining wall

21 connecting wall

22 first end face

23 second end face

24 first turn

25 flow cross section

26 width

27 last turn

28 tool

29 connection channel 30 outer joint part

31 surface normals

32 second angle

33 cross section 34 lower limit

35 upper limit

36 height

Claims

claims

1. blank (1) of a line arrangement (2), at least comprising a ring-shaped line (3) having a first end (4) and a second end (5) by a by a wall (6) enclosed channel (7) is formed, wherein the conduit arrangement (2) has a rotation axis (8) and the line (3) along a circumferential direction (9) over more than 360 Win kelgrad about the axis of rotation (8) around and at least two Win training (10) forms adjacent to each other along an axial direction (14); wherein the axis of rotation (8) perpendicular to a base surface (11) is arranged; wherein the channel (7) has a flow cross-section (25) and the channel (7) forming turn (10) has a flow cross-section through (25) comprising cross section (33), wherein the cross section (33) between a lower boundary (34 ) and an upper boundary (35) along the axial direction (14) has a height (36), wherein the wall (6) starting from the lower boundary (34) and at least up to 30% of the height (36) has only first surfaces (12),

• which are arranged at a first angle (13) of at least 30 degrees with respect to the base (11) or

In which a surface normal (31) forms at least one second angle (32) of 0 to 60 degrees of angle with respect to the base surface (11); wherein along the axial direction (14) mutually facing first Teilflä surfaces (15) of the walls (6) adjacent arranged turns (10) are arranged spaced from each other; wherein the blank (1) is made by a generative manufacturing process.

2. blank (1) according to claim 1, wherein the blank (1) additionally comprises a support structure (16) which is at least 30% by weight formed by second surfaces (17), wherein the second surfaces (17) • are arranged at an angle (13) of at least 30 degrees with respect to the base (11) or

In which a surface normal (31) forms at least one second angle (32) of 0 to 60 degrees of angle to the base surface (11).

3. blank (1) according to claim 2, wherein the support structure (16) extending from the wall (6) in a radial direction (18) inside or outside the at least one turn (10).

4. blank (1) one of the preceding claims 2 and 3, wherein the

The blank (1) comprises the annular duct (3) and the support structure (16) and has the support structure (16) with respect to the material forming the blank (1) in a proportion of at most 30% by weight.

5. blank (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 4, wherein the support structure (16) extending from the wall (6) of the at least one turn (10) at least in a radial direction (18) inwardly or outwardly and in the circumferential direction (9) the wall (6) circumferential web (19), wherein webs (19) of individual windings (10) on one, inside or outside the at least one turn (10) arranged, from the base (11) along the axial direction (14) he stretching the supporting wall (20) are connected.

6. blank (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 and 3, wherein the support structure (16) in the circumferential direction (9) the wall (6) to ongoing connection wall (21), the walls (6) of Benach disclosed mutually arranged turns (10) interconnects.

7. blank (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the blank (1) along the axial direction (14) has a first end face (22) and an oppositely disposed second end face (23); in which the first end (4) and the second end (5) are disposed on the second end face (23), the channel (7) extending at least partially along the axial direction (14) from the first end (4) to the first end (4) End face (22) and there forms a first turn (24).

Blank (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow cross-section (25) has a maximum width (26), wherein the largest width (26) is at least eight millimeters.

Blank (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the two windings (10) each have cross-sections (33) which are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction (14), the two cross-sections (33) being different from one another.

10. pipe assembly (2) made from a blank (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein along an axial direction (14) facing each other first faces (15) adjacent arranged Win compounds (10) are spaced from each other and individual Win training (10) are connected only via the wall (6).

11. Use of a conduit arrangement (2) according to claim 10, wherein the conduit arrangement (2) is used as an electrical inductor, which is flowed through by the channel (7) by a coolant.

12. A method for producing a line arrangement (2) according to claim 10, comprising at least the following steps:

a) producing the blank (1) with a support structure (16) by a gene rative manufacturing process, wherein the support structure (16) at least 30% by weight by second surfaces (17) is formed, wherein the second surfaces (17) • are arranged at an angle (13) of at least 30 degrees of angle with respect to the base surface (11) or

In which a surface normal (31) forms at least one second angle (32) of 0 to 60 degrees of angle with respect to the base surface (11);

wherein the support structure (16) extends from the wall (6) in a radial direction (16) exclusively inside or outside the at least one turn (24);

b) removing the support structure (16).

13. A method according to claim 12, wherein the blank (10) comprises the annular duct (3) and the support structure (16) and the support structure (16) has a proportion of at most 30% by weight with respect to the material forming the blank (1). % having.