Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

EP3762948A1 - Irritant protective wrap - Google Patents

Irritant protective wrap

Info

Publication number
EP3762948A1
EP3762948A1 EP19713111.3A EP19713111A EP3762948A1 EP 3762948 A1 EP3762948 A1 EP 3762948A1 EP 19713111 A EP19713111 A EP 19713111A EP 3762948 A1 EP3762948 A1 EP 3762948A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
protective
protective envelope
longitudinal
textile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19713111.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Omerin
Noémie NOYRET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tresse Industrie
Original Assignee
Tresse Industrie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tresse Industrie filed Critical Tresse Industrie
Publication of EP3762948A1 publication Critical patent/EP3762948A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/02—Details
    • H02G3/04—Protective tubing or conduits, e.g. cable ladders or cable troughs
    • H02G3/0462—Tubings, i.e. having a closed section
    • H02G3/0481—Tubings, i.e. having a closed section with a circular cross-section
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
    • D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
    • D03D1/0043—Protective fabrics for elongated members, i.e. sleeves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of protective shells intended to cover longitudinal elements, in particular cables or pipes in an environment subject to the presence of rodents, mammals, or other animal categories, which may corrode or damage the elements.
  • longitudinal components and their components are intended to cover longitudinal elements, in particular cables or pipes in an environment subject to the presence of rodents, mammals, or other animal categories, which may corrode or damage the elements.
  • optical fiber cables described in patent WO99 / 59166 have been developed for the purpose of removing rodents by adding insulating mass and repellent fibers: these products do not represent the entire market and imply, subject to their effectiveness. , disconnect the electrical systems to dismantle the entire network and change the cables.
  • the attack is less often on the cable than on the end thereof where a bunch of cables of smaller sections is connected to the connectors. Small sections have less insulation in volume and are therefore particularly fragile in the face of rodent attack.
  • ultrasonic boxes sold for vehicles have a high price, an additional purchase constraint for the user, installation costs and additional energy consumption for powering the device.
  • the present invention proposes a protective envelope intended for overlaps of longitudinal elements such as cables or pipes, the protective envelope comprising a textile comprising at least one irritating material, and at least one thermoplastic material, the irritating material having an elongation at break of less than 10% and preferably less than 6%.
  • a protective envelope intended for overlaps of longitudinal elements such as cables or pipes, the protective envelope comprising a textile comprising at least one irritating material, and at least one thermoplastic material, the irritating material having an elongation at break of less than 10% and preferably less than 6%.
  • 'irritant material' is meant in this document a fragile and easily broken material whose fragments are likely to irritate a certain category of animals, such as rodents capable of biting the envelope. , especially in the mouth and respiratory tracts. This irritating effect is achieved by the bite of any type of animal, from rodents, mustelids to the aquatic animal, or other mammals, who would take the protective envelope in the mouth.
  • the present invention makes it possible to dissuade rodents or other animal species from attacking the protective envelope and thus from protecting electrical and communication cables or any other longitudinal object. Indeed, many behavioral studies show that an undesirable effect occurring just after a specific act causes the animal to adapt its behavior to avoid the undesirable effect. When the rodent is gnawed the envelope once, its irritating character stops him and discourages him to start again.
  • the protective envelope is configured to be attached to longitudinal elements, such as cables or pipes, the protective envelope comprising a woven, non-woven, knitted, or braided textile, comprising at least one irritant material, and at least one thermoplastic material, the irritating material having an elongation at break of less than 10% and preferably less than 6% so as to break into irritating fragments under the effect of the bite of an animal. After bite, the mouth of the animal is filled with irritating fibers and it does not repeat his gesture.
  • the product does not break in the hands of the installer.
  • the textile form has a flexibility that allows to fix in a desired shape the protective envelope, which can thus be adapted to the shapes of the longitudinal elements to be protected.
  • textile is meant herein any arrangement of yarns, such as woven, nonwoven, knitted, braided yarns, etc.
  • the textile is an arrangement of woven, non-woven, knitted, or braided yarns.
  • yarn is understood herein to mean an assembly of fibers that may especially have been pretreated prior to being used to form filaments.
  • the yarns may consist of monofilaments or multifilaments and then are arranged to form said textile.
  • the yarns are pre-milled, that is to say that the yarn is turned on itself a given number of turns per meter, or gimped, that is, that is, the gimped yarns are treated to comprise a core yarn and a yarn wound around the core yarn so as to form a coating agent before forming the fabric.
  • the textile used to form the protective envelope according to the present invention is flexible, unlike known materials comprising glass fibers or other irritant material cast in a thermoplastic matrix, coated or coated with a thermoplastic resin which form composite solid materials.
  • This makes it possible to position the envelope easily around the functional longitudinal element but which, according to the site where it is positioned, needs to be protected.
  • the protective envelope may also be reported on a local portion only of this longitudinal element which is known to be susceptible to degradation by the bite. It may even be envisaged to use the protective envelope to cover all or part of a longitudinal element already placed on a site of use in which it is subjected to the attack of animals.
  • This configuration confers undeniable advantages to the present invention, especially in terms of cost compared to techniques which provide protection by the introduction of irritating fibers at the very core of the layers forming the cable, even before it is functional ( or any other longitudinal element) and which require dedicated manufacturing steps.
  • This is also verified with respect to other known methods which provide for forming one or more layers by multi-filament winding of glass or winding of woven fiberglass strips around an already manufactured and functional cable.
  • this known technique it is indeed necessary to protect the entire length of the cable (or the longitudinal element) before positioning on the site and not to limit the protection risk portions only.
  • this protection provided on the entire longitudinal element considerably increases the weight of the latter which is then more difficult to handle.
  • the protective envelope forms an outer protective sheath, configured to be attached to a longitudinal member so as to protect it.
  • the longitudinal element is already manufactured before being covered by the protective envelope, in the sense that the longitudinal element as such can fulfill its final function even before being covered and protected by the protective envelope , forming an outer protective sheath.
  • the envelope is already manufactured separately from the longitudinal element to which it must be reported to form external protective sheath. According to one possibility, the protective envelope is only formed by this textile.
  • the textile comprises at least one irritating material in a proportion of between approximately 50 and 85% by weight. This value range makes it possible to optimize the irritating properties while maintaining the mechanical strength of the envelope.
  • At least one irritating material has a Young's modulus of between approximately 40 and 900 GPa. This ensures that the irritant material breaks under the bite of an animal becoming irritating, as well as for a material whose elongation at break is less than 10% or even less than 6%.
  • the textile of the protective envelope further comprises at least one metallic material.
  • the metallic material may be present in the textile in the form of metal wires used as a bite dam and in addition to the other materials of the protective envelope. Indeed, a textile consisting solely of metal threads encourages the contrary harmful animals to gnaw to limit the growth of their teeth.
  • At least one thermoplastic material of the protective envelope is a polymer chosen from PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PET-FR (acronym for polyethylene terephthalate Flame Retardant), PP (polypropylene), LDPE (low density polyethylene ), PEhd (high density polyethylene), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PA4.6 (polyamide 4.6), PAU (polyamide 11), PA6.6 (polyamide 6.6), PA12 (polyamide 12), PPS (phenylene polysulfide) , PTFE
  • thermoform the protective envelope in particular in a cylindrical shape to receive cables.
  • ECTFE ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • ETFE ethylene tetrafluoroethylene
  • PFA perfluoroalkoxy
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • these materials are used in the form of resin and are less hard and less resistant to rodent bite than are the prior art totally made of metal. Rodents are therefore not encouraged to file their teeth by regular and repeated contact.
  • At least one irritating material of the protective envelope is selected from inorganic materials, such as glass, carbon, basalt, boron, silica carbide, silica, and ceramic son son. .
  • inorganic materials such as glass, carbon, basalt, boron, silica carbide, silica, and ceramic son son. .
  • These materials are chosen for their fragile and brittle nature so as to irritate the mouth of the animal that gnawed the envelope.
  • the son of glass for example break under the load of a bite and the mouth of the animal is filled with fine and irritating fibers and the animal stops its attack.
  • several studies show that when a harmful event occurs, the animal memorizes the place and the action and does not reiterate its action in the same place. This material then also has a deterrent effect for the animal that has been a first time in contact.
  • the textile also comprises at least one repellent material, such as denatonium benzoate, ricinius speciis seed oil and palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine.
  • at least one repellent material such as denatonium benzoate, ricinius speciis seed oil and palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine.
  • repellent material in this document a material configured to repel a certain category of animals such as rodents, it may especially be an olfactory repellent and / or taste.
  • the repellent material provides a deterrent component to the attack of the envelope by the animals considered.
  • the repellent material is included in the composition of the thermoplastic material and / or the composition of the irritant material.
  • thermoplastic material is incorporated in the composition for example by an intimate mixture of masterbatch type or adding additive at the time of extrusion of the thermoplastic material.
  • said repellent material is coated on the textile forming the envelope or on the son constituting the textile.
  • the textile of the protective envelope is woven and comprises weft threads and warp threads, preferably each of the weft threads consists of the at least one thermoplastic material and each of the warp threads consists of of the at least one irritating material.
  • the fabric can be thermoformed in a determined configuration.
  • the application of a stress in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the warp of the woven fabric results in the weft yarns curving around this same direction.
  • Weaving can be achieved by pairwise threading, that is, pairwise tucking, in which the cross is formed of a weft yarn for two warp yarns.
  • the crossing is obtained by a weft thread for a warp thread.
  • the protective envelope formed beforehand on at least a portion of the longitudinal element already manufactured and functional, and then to heat it beyond the temperature of retraction of said heat-shrinkable material, while limiting heating to a temperature below that resulting in the degradation of the envelope or the longitudinal element.
  • the protective envelope matches the shape of the longitudinal element, which ensures perfect fixation. In this case, it is of course necessary to anticipate the shrinkage of the envelope during the determination of the initial dimensions thereof to ensure the recovery of the total circumference of the longitudinal element in the end.
  • the weft of the textile material is entirely made of the heat-shrinkable material.
  • the wire of heat-shrinkable material retracts longitudinally.
  • the weft retracts allowing the reduction of the diameter of the protective envelope.
  • the protective envelope further comprises at least one mechanical resistant material chosen from aramids, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylics, phenylene polysulfide, polyazoles, polyetherimides, phenolics.
  • mechanical resistant material chosen from aramids, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylics, phenylene polysulfide, polyazoles, polyetherimides, phenolics.
  • the mechanically resistant material is a material chosen for its properties of resistance to wear and especially to bite. Its presence in the composition of the textile also makes it possible to compensate for the presence of brittle and brittle irritant material in the textile so as to form a protective envelope which does not deteriorate when it is handled, or placed on all or part of a longitudinal element, in the factory at the end of manufacture of the longitudinal element or directly on the site of use.
  • the weft son consist of monofilaments, so as to facilitate the thermoforming of the textile. So the textile can be thermoformed to result in a tubular shape facilitating insertion of a portion or all of a longitudinal member.
  • the textile or each of the weft threads and / or each of the warp threads is coated with the at least one repellent material.
  • the at least one thermoplastic material of the protective envelope consists of PET monofilaments having a diameter of about 0.28 mm and coated with an olfactory repellent material and / or taste repellent.
  • the at least one irritating material of the protective envelope consists of wired glass multifilaments E.
  • thermoplastic material leads to obtaining an optimum product in terms of repulsiveness, cable coverage, mechanical strength.
  • a protective envelope using this composition can moreover be obtained at a reasonable cost.
  • the protective envelope extends along a longitudinal axis and has a generally cylindrical shape.
  • the textile is woven, braided or knitted into a tube so that the envelope has an overall closed cylinder shape along the longitudinal axis of the envelope.
  • the generally cylindrical shape then only has two openings at the longitudinal end regions.
  • the protective envelope comprises a longitudinal opening extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the generally cylindrical shape, so as to allow the introduction of longitudinal elements in the envelope.
  • the casing is easy to install around the cables to protect even when they are already in place because it does not require disconnecting the connections, and can adapt to different diameters of cables and connectors.
  • the envelope can be easily removed during an intervention on the assembly without disconnecting the components of the assembly.
  • the envelope can be stretched to place a cable, it returns to its original cylindrical shape once the stress released so as to completely surround and protect the cable.
  • the longitudinal opening extends over the entire protective envelope.
  • the introduction of the longitudinal element is thus facilitated as well as its possible withdrawal.
  • the longitudinal opening is delimited by a first longitudinal portion and a second longitudinal portion of the envelope, the first longitudinal portion being shaped to cover the second longitudinal portion along a covering zone. It is understood in this document that the first longitudinal portion and the second longitudinal portion extend along the longitudinal opening and in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the generally cylindrical shape of the casing. This configuration guarantees a very good protection of the longitudinal elements placed therein.
  • the width of the overlap area is about one-fourth of the circumference of the shroud.
  • the first longitudinal portion comprises a first attachment means and the second longitudinal portion comprises a second attachment means complementary to the first attachment means, so as to allow closing of the longitudinal opening.
  • the envelope is thin, it has a thickness of between a few tenths of a mm to a few mm and preferably a thickness of less than 3 millimeters.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a protective envelope according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the invention is a schematic illustration of weave weave of the envelope according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of another weave weave of the envelope according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 represents a protective envelope 100, in particular intended to cover a longitudinal element such as a cable.
  • the envelope 100 comprises a textile 1 extending along a longitudinal axis A in a generally cylindrical shape.
  • the textile 1 comprises a thermoplastic material, an irritating material and a repellent material.
  • This textile 1 is a woven material in which the thermoplastic material is PET, the irritant material is glass fibers and the repellent material is denatonium benzoate coated on the textile 1.
  • the composition of the textile does not comprise a repellent element.
  • the textile 1 takes the form of any type of yarn arrangement, preferably chosen from woven yarns such as nonwoven, knitted, braided yarns.
  • the thermoplastic materials used in other variants are chosen from at least one of PET-FR, PP, PEbd, PEhd, PBT, P A4.6, PAU, PA6.6, PA12, PPS, PTFE, ECTFE, PVDF, ETFE, FA, PEEK and PMMA.
  • the at least one irritant material is selected from materials having an elongation at break of less than about 10% or even less than about 6%.
  • the at least one irritant material has a Young's modulus of between 40 and 900GPa so that it is selected from carbon threads, basalt, boron, silica carbide, silica, and ceramics.
  • the odoriferous and / or tasteful repellent material is also chosen from at least Ricinius speciis seed oil and Palmitamidopropyl Dimethylamine.
  • the repellent material is deposited on the warp son and / or the weft son by coating before weaving.
  • the proportion of irritant material in the textile is variable between 50 and 85% by weight.
  • the woven fabric 1 shown in FIG. 1 has weft threads 2 made of PET while the warp threads 3 are made of glass fibers.
  • This type of weave allows the textile 1 of the protective envelope 100 to take the generally cylindrical conformation illustrated.
  • a thermal treatment of the textile 1 beyond the glass transition temperature makes it possible in fact to soften the thermoplastic material and the application of a stress in a determined direction (here perpendicular to a longitudinal axis A of the desired cylinder or else to The axis of the warp threads 3) then makes it possible to configure the envelope 100 in a cylindrical shape. This shape is maintained after cooling, and the textile 1 retains its elastic deformation properties.
  • the envelope 100 comprises a longitudinal opening 4 which extends in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the generally cylindrical shape of the envelope 100.
  • the longitudinal opening 4 is delimited by a first longitudinal portion 5 and a second longitudinal portion 6, the first portion 5 covering the second portion 6 according to a covering zone 7 which corresponds to about a quarter of the circumference of the protective envelope 100.
  • a cable already mounted and connected to a network can be easily inserted into the protective envelope 100 whose diameter can adapt to that of the cable and which has a covering area 7 ensuring effective protection against rodents and other pests.
  • the overlap zone 7 varies between 1/8 to 1/3 of the circumference of the protective envelope 100.
  • a first attachment means is provided on the first longitudinal portion 5 and second attachment means complementary to the first means is provided on the second longitudinal portion 6. These means are configured to allow the closure of the longitudinal opening 4 of the envelope 100 and provide greater security against rodent attacks.
  • the textile 1 is woven, braided or knitted in a tube.
  • a longitudinal opening 4 is formed in the tube after weaving, knitting, braiding.
  • FIG. 2 represents a first example of weaving of the protective envelope.
  • the son illustrated in full line represent the weft son 2 loaded with a repellent material.
  • These weft yarns 2 are in particular PET thermoplastic resin monofilaments and the repellent material is loaded with monofilaments at the time of its extrusion.
  • Each of these weft yarns 2 cross warp yarns 3 which extend in a direction perpendicular to the weft yarn, the crossing is of a weft yarn for a warp yarn.
  • These warp threads 3 are made of an irritating material such as ceramic fibers which have a brittle, brittle and very irritating behavior in the event of a bite for the rodent.
  • the weft threads 2 and / or the warp threads 3 partially comprise metal or a mechanically resistant and less conductive material, such as aramids, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylics, phenylene polysulfide, polyazoles, polyetherimides and phenolics, to improve the resistance of the tissue to rodent attacks.
  • aramids polyethylene terephthalate
  • polyamide polyethylene
  • polypropylene acrylics
  • phenylene polysulfide polyazoles
  • polyetherimides polyetherimides and phenolics
  • FIG. 3 represents another type of weave that has crossings of a weft thread for two warp threads, which allows the advantage of being much less easily subjected to sliding of the warp threads 3 on the threads.
  • weft threads 2 The fabric is more resistant to handling without losing its flexibility or taking more linear mass. Indeed, the lateral sliding of the warp threads 3 when the spreading fabric is subjected depends on the ratio of the surface of the weft threads 2 alternately covering the warp threads 3.
  • the weft threads 2 in monofilaments of PET resin, loaded with an olfactory repellent and / or taste and have a diameter of about 0.28mm. The addition of the repellent is obtained by intimate mixing type masterbatch.
  • the warp yarns 3 are composed of yarn of ceramics or son of glass multifilaments E cabled.
  • the fabrics still have different weaves, such as fluted, reps, braided, twill twill, compound twill, shaped twill, satin repetition, satin alternative, and satin, etc.
  • the textile of the protective envelope 100 comprises weft son 2 comprising at least one heat-shrinkable material so as to retract in particular when the protective envelope covering the longitudinal elements is heated beyond a threshold temperature determined according to the nature of the heat-shrinkable material.
  • the present invention provides a protective envelope 100 effective against rodents or other animals capable of attacking cables with a thermoformable textile 1 having son resistant, irritating to the bite and repellent, can take a conformation adapted to the element longitudinal to protect while having a thin thickness of the order of a few tenths of a mm to a few mm thickness.
  • the envelope 100 is advantageously provided with a longitudinal opening 4 allowing the introduction of said element and a covering zone 7 provided with means for closing said opening. It is also possible to position the protective envelope 100 on a part of a longitudinal element already in operation on site, to protect this part a posteriori and limit the costs of protection.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Protection Of Pipes Against Damage, Friction, And Corrosion (AREA)
  • Details Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective wrap 100 intended to cover longitudinal elements such as cables or pipes, said protective wrap 100 comprising a textile containing at least one irritant material, and at least one thermoplastic material, wherein the irritant material has an elongation at break of less than 10%, and preferably less than 6%.

Description

ENVELOPPE DE PROTECTION IRRITANTE  IRRITANT PROTECTION ENVELOPE
Domaine de l'invention Field of the invention
L'invention concerne le domaine des enveloppes de protection destinées à recouvrir des éléments longitudinaux, notamment des câbles ou des tuyaux dans un environnement soumis à la présence de rongeurs, de mammifères, ou autre catégorie animale, susceptibles de ronger ou de porter atteinte aux éléments longitudinaux et à leurs composants.  The invention relates to the field of protective shells intended to cover longitudinal elements, in particular cables or pipes in an environment subject to the presence of rodents, mammals, or other animal categories, which may corrode or damage the elements. longitudinal components and their components.
Etat de la technique  State of the art
De nombreuses industries telles que l'automobile, le ferroviaire, le transport d'énergie, l'aéronautique ou les télécommunications utilisent des câbles électriques ou des câbles à fibre optique. Dans le domaine des transports, les montages électriques se situent hors de l'habitacle pour des raisons de sécurité et de confort. Dans les domaines du transport d'énergie et des télécommunications, les installations tendent à être enterrées pour améliorer l'aspect du paysage, limiter le vandalisme et améliorer la sécurité.  Many industries such as automotive, rail, energy transport, aeronautics or telecommunications use electrical cables or fiber optic cables. In the field of transport, electrical assemblies are located outside the cabin for reasons of safety and comfort. In the areas of power transmission and telecommunications, facilities tend to be buried to improve the landscape, limit vandalism and improve safety.
La position basse des câbles par rapport au sol ou leur installation en sous- sol engendrent un problème de cohabitation avec les rongeurs et autres animaux de l'environnement. Les rats, souris, martres par exemple ont l'habitude d'attaquer les câbles dont l'isolation représente un support pour limer les incisives dont la croissance ne s'arrête jamais.  The low position of the cables relative to the ground or their installation in the basement creates a problem of cohabitation with rodents and other animals in the environment. Rats, mice and martens, for example, have the habit of attacking cables whose insulation is a support for filing the incisors whose growth never stops.
Ces attaques peuvent avoir de graves conséquences sur la sécurité et le fonctionnement des systèmes câblés : un câble dénudé, ouvert à l'eau de pluie, l'humidité ou la poussière risque de ne plus transmettre ou de mal transmettre un message. En France par exemple en juillet 2014, un premier train a percuté un second train suite à un défaut de signal sur les voies. Une étude a pu prouver que ce défaut de signal était lié aux câbles électriques dénudés par les rongeurs. Les rongeurs attaquent l'isolant mais également les fils porteurs de l'énergie ou de l'information. Pour les fils métalliques, l'expansion du câblage ou du tressage amène au court-circuit si d'autres câbles proches ont également été attaqués.  These attacks can have serious consequences for the safety and operation of hard-wired systems: a bare cable, open to rainwater, humidity or dust may no longer transmit or transmit a message. In France, for example, in July 2014, a first train struck a second train following a signal defect on the tracks. A study was able to prove that this lack of signal was related to the electric cables denuded by the rodents. Rodents attack the insulation but also the son carrying energy or information. For wire, expansion of wiring or braiding leads to shorting if other nearby wires have also been attacked.
Quelques produits industriels ont déjà été présentés pour lutter contre l'attaque des rongeurs : des gaines métalliques sous forme de tresse ou de bande enroulée autour des câbles, dont certaines versions en aluminium peuvent être directement installées lors de la fabrication des câbles. Néanmoins, les rongeurs attaquent le métal et peuvent revenir attaquer le produit toujours au même endroit jusqu'à sa rupture puisque la gaine métallique ne représente pas de danger pour lui. De plus, une fois attaquées, les protections métalliques peuvent présenter un début de corrosion et s'affaiblir. Un autre inconvénient de cette solution réside que ce que cette gamme de produit alourdit de manière significative le système et ne rentre pas dans l'esprit de conception actuel d'un véhicule roulant ou d'un aéronef. Some industrial products have already been presented to combat the attack of rodents: metal ducts in the form of braid or tape wrapped around cables, some aluminum versions can be directly installed during the manufacture of cables. Nevertheless, the rodents attack the metal and can come back to attack the product always at the same place until it breaks, since the metallic sheath does not represent a danger for him. Of moreover, once attacked, the metal protections can have a beginning of corrosion and weaken. Another disadvantage of this solution is that this product range significantly increases the system and does not fit into the current design spirit of a rolling vehicle or an aircraft.
Existent également des câbles électriques dont l'isolant est extrudé en matière thermoplastique très dure et présentant une épaisseur importante. Les caractéristiques de ce matériau ralentissent l'accès de l'animal au câble conducteur mais ne l'en détourne pas pour les mêmes raisons évoquées précédemment. De plus, ce concept alourdit le câble et le rigidifie. La pose des câbles devient fastidieuse et coûteuse.  There are also electrical cables whose insulation is extruded in very hard thermoplastic material and having a large thickness. The characteristics of this material slow down the animal's access to the conductive cable but does not detract from it for the same reasons mentioned above. Moreover, this concept weighs down the cable and stiffens it. The laying of the cables becomes tedious and expensive.
Les câbles de fibre optique décrits dans le brevet W099/59166 ont été développés dans le but d'éloigner les rongeurs par addition de masse isolante et de fibres répulsives : ces produits ne représentent pas la totalité du marché et impliquent, sous réserve de leur efficacité, de débrancher les systèmes électriques pour démonter l'ensemble du réseau et faire le changement des câbles. Le prix du rachat de câbles et de leur mise en place, sur un ensemble de voitures ferroviaires par exemple, exclu cette méthode de lutte contre les rongeurs. De plus, il a été démontré que l'attaque porte moins souvent sur le câble que sur l'extrémité de celui-ci où un bouquet de câbles de plus petites sections vient se raccorder aux connecteurs. Les petites sections présentent moins d'isolant en volume et sont donc particulièrement fragiles face à l'attaque des rongeurs.  The optical fiber cables described in patent WO99 / 59166 have been developed for the purpose of removing rodents by adding insulating mass and repellent fibers: these products do not represent the entire market and imply, subject to their effectiveness. , disconnect the electrical systems to dismantle the entire network and change the cables. The price of the repurchase of cables and their installation, on a set of railway cars for example, excludes this method of fight against rodents. In addition, it has been shown that the attack is less often on the cable than on the end thereof where a bunch of cables of smaller sections is connected to the connectors. Small sections have less insulation in volume and are therefore particularly fragile in the face of rodent attack.
Par ailleurs, les boîtiers ultrasons vendus pour les véhicules présentent un prix élevé, une contrainte d'achat supplémentaire pour l'utilisateur, des frais d'installation et une consommation énergétique supplémentaire pour l'alimentation du dispositif.  Furthermore, ultrasonic boxes sold for vehicles have a high price, an additional purchase constraint for the user, installation costs and additional energy consumption for powering the device.
Par ailleurs, la méthode consistant à ajouter un répulsif sur les lieux de passage des animaux implique un renouvellement régulier du produit. Cette méthode est alors bien trop coûteuse en main d'œuvre et son l'impact environnemental reste à contrôler.  In addition, the method of adding a repellent to the passage of animals involves a regular renewal of the product. This method is then too expensive in labor and its environmental impact remains to be controlled.
Exposé de l'invention  Presentation of the invention
Un des buts de la présente invention vise à pallier au moins l'un des inconvénients précités. A cet effet, la présente invention propose une enveloppe de protection destinée aux recouvrements d'éléments longitudinaux tels que des câbles ou des tuyaux, l'enveloppe de protection comprenant un textile comportant au moins un matériau irritant, et au moins un matériau thermoplastique, le matériau irritant présentant un allongement à la rupture inférieur à 10% et de préférence inférieur à 6%. Par l'expression matériau 'irritant', on entend dans le présent document, un matériau fragile et qui se rompt facilement et dont les fragments sont susceptibles d'irriter une certaine catégorie d'animaux, tels que les rongeurs capables de mordre l'enveloppe, au niveau notamment de la gueule et des voies respiratoires. Cet effet d'irritation est obtenu sous l'action de la morsure de tout type d'animal, du rongeurs, mustélidés à l'animal aquatique, ou autres mammifères, qui prendrait l'enveloppe de protection dans la gueule. One of the aims of the present invention aims to overcome at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks. For this purpose, the present invention proposes a protective envelope intended for overlaps of longitudinal elements such as cables or pipes, the protective envelope comprising a textile comprising at least one irritating material, and at least one thermoplastic material, the irritating material having an elongation at break of less than 10% and preferably less than 6%. By the term 'irritant material' is meant in this document a fragile and easily broken material whose fragments are likely to irritate a certain category of animals, such as rodents capable of biting the envelope. , especially in the mouth and respiratory tracts. This irritating effect is achieved by the bite of any type of animal, from rodents, mustelids to the aquatic animal, or other mammals, who would take the protective envelope in the mouth.
Ainsi, la présente invention permet de dissuader les rongeurs ou autres espèces animales d'attaquer l'enveloppe de protection et donc de protéger des câbles électriques et de communication ou tout autre objet longitudinal. En effet, de nombreuses études comportementales démontrent qu'un effet indésirable survenant juste après un acte précis amène l'animal à adapter son comportement pour éviter l'effet indésirable. Lorsque le rongeur est amené à ronger l'enveloppe une première fois, son caractère irritant le stoppe et le dissuade de recommencer.  Thus, the present invention makes it possible to dissuade rodents or other animal species from attacking the protective envelope and thus from protecting electrical and communication cables or any other longitudinal object. Indeed, many behavioral studies show that an undesirable effect occurring just after a specific act causes the animal to adapt its behavior to avoid the undesirable effect. When the rodent is gnawed the envelope once, its irritating character stops him and discourages him to start again.
Selon une possibilité, l'enveloppe de protection est configurée pour être rapportée sur des éléments longitudinaux, tels que des câbles ou des tuyaux, l'enveloppe de protection comprenant un textile tissé, non-tissé, tricoté, ou tressé, comportant au moins un matériau irritant, et au moins un matériau thermoplastique, le matériau irritant présentant un allongement à la rupture inférieur à 10% et de préférence inférieur à 6% de sorte à se briser en fragments irritants sous l'effet de la morsure d'un animal. Après morsure, la gueule de l'animal est remplie de fibres irritantes et celui-ci ne reitère pas son geste.  According to one possibility, the protective envelope is configured to be attached to longitudinal elements, such as cables or pipes, the protective envelope comprising a woven, non-woven, knitted, or braided textile, comprising at least one irritant material, and at least one thermoplastic material, the irritating material having an elongation at break of less than 10% and preferably less than 6% so as to break into irritating fragments under the effect of the bite of an animal. After bite, the mouth of the animal is filled with irritating fibers and it does not repeat his gesture.
Par ailleurs, le produit ne se casse pas dans les mains du poseur.  Moreover, the product does not break in the hands of the installer.
Par ailleurs, la forme textile présente une souplesse qui permet de fixer dans une forme souhaitée l'enveloppe de protection, qui peut ainsi être adaptée aux formes des éléments longitudinaux à protéger.  Furthermore, the textile form has a flexibility that allows to fix in a desired shape the protective envelope, which can thus be adapted to the shapes of the longitudinal elements to be protected.
Par l'expression « textile », on entend dans le présent document tout arrangement de fils, tel que des fils tissés, non-tissés, tricotés, tressés, etc.  By the term "textile" is meant herein any arrangement of yarns, such as woven, nonwoven, knitted, braided yarns, etc.
De préférence, le textile est un arrangement de fils tissés, non-tissés, tricotés, ou tressés.  Preferably, the textile is an arrangement of woven, non-woven, knitted, or braided yarns.
L'expression « fil » est entendue dans le présent document comme un assemblage de fibres pouvant notamment avoir être traitées au préalable, avant d'être utilisée pour former des filaments. Les fils peuvent être constitués de monofilaments ou de multifilaments puis sont arrangés pour former ledit textile.  The term "yarn" is understood herein to mean an assembly of fibers that may especially have been pretreated prior to being used to form filaments. The yarns may consist of monofilaments or multifilaments and then are arranged to form said textile.
Selon une disposition, les fils sont moulinés au préalable, c'est-à-dire que le fil est tourné sur lui-même un nombre de tour déterminé par mètre, ou guipés, c'est- à-dire que les fils guipés sont traités pour comprendre un fil en âme et un fil enroulé autour du fil en âme de sorte à former un enrobant avant de former le textile. According to one arrangement, the yarns are pre-milled, that is to say that the yarn is turned on itself a given number of turns per meter, or gimped, that is, that is, the gimped yarns are treated to comprise a core yarn and a yarn wound around the core yarn so as to form a coating agent before forming the fabric.
Ainsi, le textile utilisé pour former l'enveloppe de protection selon la présente invention est flexible, au contraire de matériaux connus comprenant des fibres de verre ou autre matériau irritant coulé dans une matrice thermoplastique, recouvert ou enduit d'une résine thermoplastique qui forment des matériaux solides composites. Ceci permet de positionner l'enveloppe facilement autour de l'élément longitudinal fonctionnel mais qui, selon le site où il est positionné, a besoin d'être protégé. L'enveloppe de protection peut également être rapportée sur une portion locale seulement de cet élément longitudinal dont on sait qu'elle sera susceptible d'être soumise à la dégradation par la morsure. Il peut même être envisagé d'utiliser l'enveloppe de protection pour recouvrir tout ou une partie d'un élément longitudinal déjà placé sur un site d'utilisation dans lequel il est soumis à l'attaque d'animaux. Cette configuration confère des avantages indéniables à la présente invention, notamment en terme de coût par comparaison à des techniques qui prévoient une protection par l'introduction de fibres irritantes au cœur même des couches formant le câble, avant même que celui-ci soit fonctionnel (ou tout autre élément longitudinal) et qui nécessitent des étapes de fabrication dédiées. Ceci est également vérifié par rapport à d'autres méthodes connues qui prévoient de former une ou plusieurs couches par enroulement multi-filamentaires en verre ou d'enroulement de bandes tissées de fibres de verre autour d'un câble déjà fabriqué et fonctionnel. Par cette technique connue, il est en effet nécessaire de protéger toute la longueur du câble (ou de l'élément longitudinal) avant son positionnement sur le site et non de limiter la protection à des portions à risque uniquement. De plus, cette protection prévue sur la totalité de l'élément longitudinal alourdit considérablement le poids de celui-ci qui est alors plus difficile à manipuler.  Thus, the textile used to form the protective envelope according to the present invention is flexible, unlike known materials comprising glass fibers or other irritant material cast in a thermoplastic matrix, coated or coated with a thermoplastic resin which form composite solid materials. This makes it possible to position the envelope easily around the functional longitudinal element but which, according to the site where it is positioned, needs to be protected. The protective envelope may also be reported on a local portion only of this longitudinal element which is known to be susceptible to degradation by the bite. It may even be envisaged to use the protective envelope to cover all or part of a longitudinal element already placed on a site of use in which it is subjected to the attack of animals. This configuration confers undeniable advantages to the present invention, especially in terms of cost compared to techniques which provide protection by the introduction of irritating fibers at the very core of the layers forming the cable, even before it is functional ( or any other longitudinal element) and which require dedicated manufacturing steps. This is also verified with respect to other known methods which provide for forming one or more layers by multi-filament winding of glass or winding of woven fiberglass strips around an already manufactured and functional cable. By this known technique, it is indeed necessary to protect the entire length of the cable (or the longitudinal element) before positioning on the site and not to limit the protection risk portions only. In addition, this protection provided on the entire longitudinal element considerably increases the weight of the latter which is then more difficult to handle.
Selon un mode réalisation, l'enveloppe de protection forme une gaine de protection externe, configurée pour être rapportée sur un élément longitudinal de manière à le protéger.  According to one embodiment, the protective envelope forms an outer protective sheath, configured to be attached to a longitudinal member so as to protect it.
L'élément longitudinal est déjà fabriqué avant d'être recouvert par l'enveloppe de protection, dans le sens où l'élément longitudinal en tant que tel peut remplir sa fonction définitive avant même d'être recouvert et protégé par l'enveloppe de protection, formant une gaine de protection externe. Réciproquement l'enveloppe est déjà fabriquée de façon distincte de l'élément longitudinal sur lequel elle doit être rapportée pour former gaine de protection externe. Selon une possibilité, l'enveloppe de protection est uniquement formée par ledite textile. The longitudinal element is already manufactured before being covered by the protective envelope, in the sense that the longitudinal element as such can fulfill its final function even before being covered and protected by the protective envelope , forming an outer protective sheath. Conversely the envelope is already manufactured separately from the longitudinal element to which it must be reported to form external protective sheath. According to one possibility, the protective envelope is only formed by this textile.
Avantageusement, le textile comprend au moins un matériau irritant dans une proportion comprise environ entre 50 et 85% en poids. Cette plage de valeur permet d'optimiser les propriétés irritantes tout en conservant la tenue mécanique de l'enveloppe.  Advantageously, the textile comprises at least one irritating material in a proportion of between approximately 50 and 85% by weight. This value range makes it possible to optimize the irritating properties while maintaining the mechanical strength of the envelope.
Selon une disposition, au moins un matériau irritant présente un module de Young compris environ entre 40 et 900 GPa. Ceci garantit que le matériau irritant se casse sous l'effet de la morsure d'un animal en devenant irritant, de même que pour un matériau dont l'allongement à la rupture est inférieur à 10% voire inférieur à 6%.  According to one arrangement, at least one irritating material has a Young's modulus of between approximately 40 and 900 GPa. This ensures that the irritant material breaks under the bite of an animal becoming irritating, as well as for a material whose elongation at break is less than 10% or even less than 6%.
Selon une possibilité, le textile de l'enveloppe de protection comprend en outre au moins un matériau métallique. Le matériau métallique peut être présent dans le textile sous la forme de fils métalliques utilisés en barrage à la morsure et en complément des autres matériaux de l'enveloppe de protection. En effet, un textile uniquement constitué de fils métalliques incite au contraire les animaux nuisibles à le ronger pour limiter la croissance de leurs dents.  According to one possibility, the textile of the protective envelope further comprises at least one metallic material. The metallic material may be present in the textile in the form of metal wires used as a bite dam and in addition to the other materials of the protective envelope. Indeed, a textile consisting solely of metal threads encourages the contrary harmful animals to gnaw to limit the growth of their teeth.
Avantageusement, au moins un matériau thermoplastique de l'enveloppe de protection est un polymère choisi parmi le PET (polyéthylène téréphtalate), PET-FR (acronyme anglo-saxon de polyéthylène téréphtalate Flame Retardant), PP (polypropylène), PEbd (polyéthylène basse densité), PEhd (polyéthylène haute densité), PBT (polytéréphtalate de butylène), PA4.6 (polyamide 4.6) , PAU (polyamide 11), PA6.6 (polyamide 6.6) , PA12 (polyamide 12) , PPS (polysulfure de phénylène), PTFE Advantageously, at least one thermoplastic material of the protective envelope is a polymer chosen from PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PET-FR (acronym for polyethylene terephthalate Flame Retardant), PP (polypropylene), LDPE (low density polyethylene ), PEhd (high density polyethylene), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PA4.6 (polyamide 4.6), PAU (polyamide 11), PA6.6 (polyamide 6.6), PA12 (polyamide 12), PPS (phenylene polysulfide) , PTFE
(polytétrafluoroéthylène), ECTFE (éthylène chlorotrifluoroéthylène), PVDF (polyfluorure de vinylidène), ETFE (éthylène tétrafluoroéthylène) , PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy), le PEEK (polyétheréthercétone) et le PMMA (polyméthacrylate de méthyle) . Ces matériaux permettent alors de thermoformer l'enveloppe de protection notamment dans une forme cylindrique pour recevoir des câbles. Ces matériaux confèrent par ailleurs à l'enveloppe un caractère élastiquement déformable. Une fois thermoformée, l'application d'une contrainte déformante locale, notamment dans le cadre de l'insertion de l'élément longitudinal à protéger ou lors du transport de l'enveloppe, engendre une déformation élastique, de sorte qu'une fois la contrainte relâchée, l'enveloppe reprend sa forme fixée par la thermo formation, ce qui facilite grandement son utilisation. (polytetrafluoroethylene), ECTFE (ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy), PEEK (polyetheretherketone) and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate). These materials then make it possible to thermoform the protective envelope, in particular in a cylindrical shape to receive cables. These materials also give the envelope an elastically deformable character. Once thermoformed, the application of a local deforming stress, particularly in the context of the insertion of the longitudinal element to be protected or during the transport of the envelope, causes an elastic deformation, so that once the stress released, the envelope returns to its shape fixed by the thermo formation, which greatly facilitates its use.
De préférence, ces matériaux sont utilisés sous la forme de résine et sont moins durs et moins résistants à la morsure des rongeurs que le sont les enveloppes de l'art antérieur totalement constituées de métal. Les rongeurs ne sont donc pas incités à limer leurs dents par des contacts réguliers et répétés. Preferably, these materials are used in the form of resin and are less hard and less resistant to rodent bite than are the prior art totally made of metal. Rodents are therefore not encouraged to file their teeth by regular and repeated contact.
De préférence, au moins un matériau irritant de l'enveloppe de protection est choisi parmi des matières minérales, telles que les fils de verre, de carbone, de basalte, de bore, de carbure de silice, de silice, et des fils de céramiques. Ces matériaux sont notamment choisis pour leur caractère fragile et cassant de sorte à irriter la gueule de l'animal qui a rongé l'enveloppe. En effet, les fils de verre par exemple se cassent sous la charge d'une morsure et la gueule de l'animal se trouve remplie de fibres fines et irritantes et l'animal arrête son attaque. De plus, plusieurs études montrent que lorsqu'un évènement dommageable se produit, l'animal mémorise le lieu et l'action et ne réitère plus son action au même endroit. Ce matériau présente alors également un effet dissuasif pour l'animal qui a été une première fois à son contact.  Preferably, at least one irritating material of the protective envelope is selected from inorganic materials, such as glass, carbon, basalt, boron, silica carbide, silica, and ceramic son son. . These materials are chosen for their fragile and brittle nature so as to irritate the mouth of the animal that gnawed the envelope. Indeed, the son of glass for example break under the load of a bite and the mouth of the animal is filled with fine and irritating fibers and the animal stops its attack. In addition, several studies show that when a harmful event occurs, the animal memorizes the place and the action and does not reiterate its action in the same place. This material then also has a deterrent effect for the animal that has been a first time in contact.
Eventuellement, le textile comporte également au moins un matériau répulsif, tel que le denatonium benzoate, l'huile de graine ricinius comunis et palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine.  Optionally, the textile also comprises at least one repellent material, such as denatonium benzoate, ricinius comunis seed oil and palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine.
Par matériau « répulsif », on entend dans le présent document un matériau configuré pour repousser une certaine catégorie d'animaux tels que les rongeurs, il peut notamment être un répulsif olfactif et/ou gustatif. En outre, le matériau répulsif apporte une composante dissuasive à l'attaque de l'enveloppe par les animaux considérés.  By "repellent" material is meant in this document a material configured to repel a certain category of animals such as rodents, it may especially be an olfactory repellent and / or taste. In addition, the repellent material provides a deterrent component to the attack of the envelope by the animals considered.
Selon une disposition, le matériau répulsif entre dans la composition du matériau thermoplastique et/ou la composition du matériau irritant.  In one arrangement, the repellent material is included in the composition of the thermoplastic material and / or the composition of the irritant material.
Ce dernier est incorporé à la composition par exemple par un mélange intime de type masterbatch ou par ajout d'additif au moment de l'extrusion du matériau thermoplastique.  The latter is incorporated in the composition for example by an intimate mixture of masterbatch type or adding additive at the time of extrusion of the thermoplastic material.
Selon une autre disposition, ledit matériau répulsif est enduit sur le textile formant l'enveloppe ou sur les fils constituant le textile.  According to another provision, said repellent material is coated on the textile forming the envelope or on the son constituting the textile.
Avantageusement, le textile de l'enveloppe de protection est tissé et comprend des fils de trame et des fils de chaîne, de préférence, chacun des fils de trame est constitué de l'au moins un matériau thermoplastique et chacun des fils de chaîne est constitué de l'au moins un matériau irritant. Ainsi, en traitant l'enveloppe à une température supérieure à celle transition vitreuse du matériau thermoplastique utilisé en fil de trame, le tissu peut être thermoformé dans une configuration déterminée. L'application d'une contrainte selon une direction perpendiculaire à la direction de la chaîne du textile tissé conduit à ce que les fils de trame se courbent autour de cette même direction. Le tissage peut être réalisé par un enfilage par paire, autrement dit un rentrage par paire, dans lequel le croisement est formé d'un fil de trame pour deux fils de chaîne. Selon une autre disposition, le croisement est obtenu par un fil de trame pour un fil de chaîne. Advantageously, the textile of the protective envelope is woven and comprises weft threads and warp threads, preferably each of the weft threads consists of the at least one thermoplastic material and each of the warp threads consists of of the at least one irritating material. Thus, by treating the envelope at a temperature greater than the glass transition of the thermoplastic material used in weft yarn, the fabric can be thermoformed in a determined configuration. The application of a stress in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the warp of the woven fabric results in the weft yarns curving around this same direction. Weaving can be achieved by pairwise threading, that is, pairwise tucking, in which the cross is formed of a weft yarn for two warp yarns. According to another arrangement, the crossing is obtained by a weft thread for a warp thread.
Il est alors possible de placer l'enveloppe de protection formée au préalable sur au moins une portion de l'élément longitudinal déjà fabriqué et fonctionnel, puis de la chauffer au-delà de la température de rétractation dudit matériau thermo-rétractable, tout en limitant la chauffe à une température inférieure à celle entraînant la dégradation de l'enveloppe ou de l'élément longitudinal. Une fois retractée, l'enveloppe de protection épouse la forme de l'élément longitudinal, ce qui assure une parfaite fixation. Dans ce cas, il est bien entendu nécessaire d'anticiper le rétrécissement de l'enveloppe lors de la détermination des dimensions intiales de celle- ci pour s'assurer du recouvrement de la circonférence totale de l'élement longitudinal au final.  It is then possible to place the protective envelope formed beforehand on at least a portion of the longitudinal element already manufactured and functional, and then to heat it beyond the temperature of retraction of said heat-shrinkable material, while limiting heating to a temperature below that resulting in the degradation of the envelope or the longitudinal element. Once retracted, the protective envelope matches the shape of the longitudinal element, which ensures perfect fixation. In this case, it is of course necessary to anticipate the shrinkage of the envelope during the determination of the initial dimensions thereof to ensure the recovery of the total circumference of the longitudinal element in the end.
Avantageusement, la trame du matériau textile est totalement constituée du matériau thermo-rétractable.  Advantageously, the weft of the textile material is entirely made of the heat-shrinkable material.
De préférence, le fil de matériau thermo-retractable se retracte de manière longitutinale. Ainsi, lorsque le fil est utilisé pour former la trame du textile, celle-ci étant destinée à recouvrir la circonférence de l'élément longitudinal, la trame se retracte en permettant la réduction du diamètre de l'enveloppe de protection.  Preferably, the wire of heat-shrinkable material retracts longitudinally. Thus, when the yarn is used to form the weft of the textile, the latter being intended to cover the circumference of the longitudinal element, the weft retracts allowing the reduction of the diameter of the protective envelope.
Selon une possibilité, l'enveloppe de protection comprend en outre au moins un matériau résistant mécanique choisi parmi les aramides, le polyéthylène téréphtalate, le polyamide, le polyéthylène, le polypropylène, les acryliques, le polysulfure de phénylène, les polyazoles, les polyétherimides, les phénoliques.  According to one possibility, the protective envelope further comprises at least one mechanical resistant material chosen from aramids, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylics, phenylene polysulfide, polyazoles, polyetherimides, phenolics.
Ceci permet d'éviter l'utilisation de fils métalliques et de former une enveloppe électriquement isolante tout en ayant une bonne résistance mécanique.  This makes it possible to avoid the use of metal wires and to form an electrically insulating envelope while having good mechanical strength.
Le matériau mécaniquement résistant est un matériau choisi pour ses propriétés de résistance à l'usure et notamment à la morsure. Sa présence dans la composition du textile permet également de compenser la présence du matériau irritant fragile et cassant dans le textile de sorte à former une enveloppe de protection qui ne se détériore pas lorsqu'elle est manipulée, ou posée sur tout ou une partie d'un élément longitudinal, en usine en fin de fabrication de l'élément longitudinal ou directement sur le site d'utilisation.  The mechanically resistant material is a material chosen for its properties of resistance to wear and especially to bite. Its presence in the composition of the textile also makes it possible to compensate for the presence of brittle and brittle irritant material in the textile so as to form a protective envelope which does not deteriorate when it is handled, or placed on all or part of a longitudinal element, in the factory at the end of manufacture of the longitudinal element or directly on the site of use.
Selon une possibilité, les fils de trame sont constitués de monofilaments, de sorte à faciliter le thermoformage du textile. Ainsi le textile peut être thermoformé pour conduire à une forme tubulaire facilitant l'insertion d'une portion ou de la totalité d'un élément longitudinal. According to one possibility, the weft son consist of monofilaments, so as to facilitate the thermoforming of the textile. So the textile can be thermoformed to result in a tubular shape facilitating insertion of a portion or all of a longitudinal member.
Selon une disposition, le textile ou chacun des fils de trame et/ou chacun des fils de chaîne est enduit de l'au moins un matériau répulsif.  According to one arrangement, the textile or each of the weft threads and / or each of the warp threads is coated with the at least one repellent material.
Selon un exemple préféré, l'au moins un matériau thermoplastique de l'enveloppe de protection est constitué de monofilaments de PET présentant un diamètre d'environ 0.28 mm et enduits d'un matériau répulsif olfactif et/ou répulsif gustatif.  According to a preferred example, the at least one thermoplastic material of the protective envelope consists of PET monofilaments having a diameter of about 0.28 mm and coated with an olfactory repellent material and / or taste repellent.
Selon une disposition, l'au moins un matériau irritant de l'enveloppe de protection est constitué de multifilaments de verre E câblés.  According to one arrangement, the at least one irritating material of the protective envelope consists of wired glass multifilaments E.
Ce matériau irritant combiné avec le matériau thermoplastique susmentionné conduit à l'obtention d'un produit optimum en termes de répulsivité, de couverture de câble, de résistance mécanique. Une enveloppe de protection utilisant cette composition peut de surcroît être obtenue à un coût raisonnable.  This irritating material combined with the aforementioned thermoplastic material leads to obtaining an optimum product in terms of repulsiveness, cable coverage, mechanical strength. A protective envelope using this composition can moreover be obtained at a reasonable cost.
De préférence, l'enveloppe de protection s'étend selon un axe longitudinal et présente une forme globalement cylindrique.  Preferably, the protective envelope extends along a longitudinal axis and has a generally cylindrical shape.
Selon une possibilité, le textile est tissé, tressé ou tricoté en tube de sorte que l'enveloppe présente une forme globale de cylindre fermé selon l'axe longitudinal de l'enveloppe.  According to one possibility, the textile is woven, braided or knitted into a tube so that the envelope has an overall closed cylinder shape along the longitudinal axis of the envelope.
La forme globalement cylindrique présente alors uniquement deux ouvertures aux régions d'extrémité longitudinale.  The generally cylindrical shape then only has two openings at the longitudinal end regions.
Selon une autre possibilité, l'enveloppe de protection comporte une ouverture longitudinale s'étendant dans une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de la forme globalement cylindrique, de sorte à permettre l'introduction d'éléments longitudinaux dans l'enveloppe. Ainsi, l'enveloppe est facile à poser autour des câbles à protéger même lorsque ceux-ci sont déjà en place car elle ne nécessite pas de débrancher les connexions, et peut s'adapter à différents diamètres de câbles et de connecteurs. Réciproquement, l'enveloppe peut être retirée facilement lors d'une intervention sur le montage sans débrancher d'éléments composant le montage.  According to another possibility, the protective envelope comprises a longitudinal opening extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the generally cylindrical shape, so as to allow the introduction of longitudinal elements in the envelope. Thus, the casing is easy to install around the cables to protect even when they are already in place because it does not require disconnecting the connections, and can adapt to different diameters of cables and connectors. Conversely, the envelope can be easily removed during an intervention on the assembly without disconnecting the components of the assembly.
De plus, le textile étant constitué au moins en partie en un matériau élastiquement déformable, l'enveloppe peut être étirée pour y placer un câble, elle reprend sa forme initiale cylindrique une fois la contrainte relâchée de sorte à totalement entourer et protéger le câble.  In addition, the textile being made at least partly of an elastically deformable material, the envelope can be stretched to place a cable, it returns to its original cylindrical shape once the stress released so as to completely surround and protect the cable.
De préférence, l'ouverture longitudinale s'étend sur la totalité de l'enveloppe de protection. L'introduction de l'élément longitudinal est ainsi facilitée de même que son retrait éventuel. Selon une possibilité, l'ouverture longitudinale est délimitée par une première portion longitudinale et une seconde portion longitudinale de l'enveloppe, la première portion longitudinale étant conformée pour recouvrir la seconde portion longitudinale selon une zone de recouvrement. Il est entendu dans le présent document que la première portion longitudinale et la seconde portion longitudinale s'étendent le long de l'ouverture longitudinale et selon une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de la forme globalement cylindrique de l'enveloppe. Cette configuration garantit une très bonne protection des éléments longitudinaux qui y sont placés. Preferably, the longitudinal opening extends over the entire protective envelope. The introduction of the longitudinal element is thus facilitated as well as its possible withdrawal. According to one possibility, the longitudinal opening is delimited by a first longitudinal portion and a second longitudinal portion of the envelope, the first longitudinal portion being shaped to cover the second longitudinal portion along a covering zone. It is understood in this document that the first longitudinal portion and the second longitudinal portion extend along the longitudinal opening and in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the generally cylindrical shape of the casing. This configuration guarantees a very good protection of the longitudinal elements placed therein.
De préférence, la largeur de la zone de recouvrement correspond environ à un quart de la circonférence de l'enveloppe de protection.  Preferably, the width of the overlap area is about one-fourth of the circumference of the shroud.
Avantageusement, la première portion longitudinale comprend un premier moyen d'accroche et la seconde portion longitudinale comprend un second moyen d'accroche complémentaire au premier moyen d'accroche, de sorte à permettre une fermeture de l'ouverture longitudinale.  Advantageously, the first longitudinal portion comprises a first attachment means and the second longitudinal portion comprises a second attachment means complementary to the first attachment means, so as to allow closing of the longitudinal opening.
Selon une possibilité, l'enveloppe est fine, elle présente une épaisseur comprise entre quelques dixièmes de mm à quelques mm et de préférence une épaisseur inférieure à 3 millimètres.  According to one possibility, the envelope is thin, it has a thickness of between a few tenths of a mm to a few mm and preferably a thickness of less than 3 millimeters.
Description des figures  Description of figures
D'autres aspects, buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description suivante de différents modes de réalisation de celle- ci, donnée à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et faite en référence aux dessins annexés. Les figures ne respectent pas nécessairement l'échelle de tous les éléments représentés de sorte à améliorer leur lisibilité. Dans la suite de la description, par souci de simplification, des éléments identiques, similaires ou équivalents des différentes formes de réalisation portent les mêmes références numériques.  Other aspects, objects and advantages of the present invention will appear better on reading the following description of various embodiments thereof, given by way of non-limiting examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The figures do not necessarily respect the scale of all the elements represented so as to improve their readability. In the remainder of the description, for the sake of simplification, identical, similar or equivalent elements of the various embodiments bear the same numerical references.
- La figure 1 illustre schématiquement une enveloppe de protection selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 1 schematically illustrates a protective envelope according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- La figure 2 l'invention est une illustration schématique d'une armure de tissage de l'enveloppe selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 2 the invention is a schematic illustration of weave weave of the envelope according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- La figure 3 est une illustration schématique d'une autre armure de tissage de l'enveloppe selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of another weave weave of the envelope according to a third embodiment of the invention.
La figure 1 représente une enveloppe de protection 100 notamment destinée à recouvrir un élément longitudinal tel qu'un câble. L'enveloppe 100 comprend un textile 1 s'étendant selon un axe longitudinal A en prenant une forme globalement cylindrique. Le textile 1 comprend un matériau thermoplastique, un matériau irritant et un matériau répulsif. Ce textile 1 est un matériau tissé dans lequel le matériau thermoplastique est du PET, le matériau irritant est constitué de fibres de verre et le matériau répulsif est du denatonium benzoate enduit sur le textile 1. FIG. 1 represents a protective envelope 100, in particular intended to cover a longitudinal element such as a cable. The envelope 100 comprises a textile 1 extending along a longitudinal axis A in a generally cylindrical shape. The textile 1 comprises a thermoplastic material, an irritating material and a repellent material. This textile 1 is a woven material in which the thermoplastic material is PET, the irritant material is glass fibers and the repellent material is denatonium benzoate coated on the textile 1.
Selon d'autres variantes de réalisation non illustrées, la composition du textile ne comprend pas d'élément répulsif. Par ailleurs, le textile 1 prend la forme de tout type d'arrangement de fils, choisi de préférence parmi les fils tissés comme des fils non-tissés, tricotés, tressés. De même, les matériaux thermoplastiques utilisés dans d'autres variantes sont choisis parmi au moins l'un des PET-FR, PP, PEbd, PEhd, PBT, P A4.6, PAU, PA6.6, PA12, PPS, PTFE, ECTFE, PVDF, ETFE, P FA, PEEK et le PMMA. L'au moins un matériau irritant est choisi parmi des matériaux présentant un allongement à la rupture inférieur à environ 10% voire inférieur à environ 6%. Et de préférence, l'au moins un matériau irritant présente un module de Young compris entre 40 et 900GPa de sorte qu'il est choisi parmi des fils de carbone, le basalte, le bore, le carbure de silice, la silice, et les céramiques. Lorsqu'il est présent dans la composition, le matériau répulsif odorant et/ou gustatif est également choisi parmi au moins l'huile de graine Ricinius comunis et la Palmitamidopropyl Dimethylamine. Selon encore une autre variante non illustrée, le matériau répulsif est déposé sur les fils de chaîne et/ou sur le fils de trame par enduction avant tissage. De même, la proportion de matériau irritant dans le textile est variable entre 50 et 85% en poids.  According to other non-illustrated embodiments, the composition of the textile does not comprise a repellent element. Moreover, the textile 1 takes the form of any type of yarn arrangement, preferably chosen from woven yarns such as nonwoven, knitted, braided yarns. Similarly, the thermoplastic materials used in other variants are chosen from at least one of PET-FR, PP, PEbd, PEhd, PBT, P A4.6, PAU, PA6.6, PA12, PPS, PTFE, ECTFE, PVDF, ETFE, FA, PEEK and PMMA. The at least one irritant material is selected from materials having an elongation at break of less than about 10% or even less than about 6%. And preferably, the at least one irritant material has a Young's modulus of between 40 and 900GPa so that it is selected from carbon threads, basalt, boron, silica carbide, silica, and ceramics. When present in the composition, the odoriferous and / or tasteful repellent material is also chosen from at least Ricinius comunis seed oil and Palmitamidopropyl Dimethylamine. According to yet another variant not shown, the repellent material is deposited on the warp son and / or the weft son by coating before weaving. Similarly, the proportion of irritant material in the textile is variable between 50 and 85% by weight.
Le textile 1 tissé illustré à la figure 1 présente des fils de trame 2 en PET tandis que les fils de chaîne 3 sont en fibres de verre. Ce type de tissage permet au textile 1 de l'enveloppe de protection 100 de prendre la conformation globalement cylindrique illustrée. Un traitement thermique du textile 1 au-delà de la température de transition vitreuse permet en effet de ramollir le matériau thermoplastique et l'application d'une contrainte dans une direction déterminée (ici perpendiculaire à un axe longitudinal A du cylindre souhaité ou bien à l'axe des fils de chaîne 3) permet ensuite de configurer l'enveloppe 100 selon une forme cylindrique. Cette forme est maintenue après refroidissement, et le textile 1 conserve ses propriétés de déformation élastique.  The woven fabric 1 shown in FIG. 1 has weft threads 2 made of PET while the warp threads 3 are made of glass fibers. This type of weave allows the textile 1 of the protective envelope 100 to take the generally cylindrical conformation illustrated. A thermal treatment of the textile 1 beyond the glass transition temperature makes it possible in fact to soften the thermoplastic material and the application of a stress in a determined direction (here perpendicular to a longitudinal axis A of the desired cylinder or else to The axis of the warp threads 3) then makes it possible to configure the envelope 100 in a cylindrical shape. This shape is maintained after cooling, and the textile 1 retains its elastic deformation properties.
Comme illustré sur la figure 1, l'enveloppe 100 comprend une ouverture longitudinale 4 qui s'étendant dans une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal A de la forme globalement cylindrique de l'enveloppe 100.  As illustrated in FIG. 1, the envelope 100 comprises a longitudinal opening 4 which extends in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the generally cylindrical shape of the envelope 100.
De plus, l'ouverture longitudinale 4 est délimitée par une première portion longitudinale 5 et une seconde portion longitudinale 6, la première portion 5 recouvrant la seconde portion 6 selon une zone de recouvrement 7 qui correspond environ à un quart de la circonférence de l'enveloppe de protection 100. Ainsi, un câble déjà monté et connecté à un réseau peut être aisément introduit dans l'enveloppe de protection 100 dont le diamètre peut s'adapter à celui du câble et qui présente une zone de recouvrement 7 garantissant une protection efficace contre les rongeurs et autres animaux nuisibles. Selon une variante de réalisation, la zone de recouvrement 7 varie entre 1/8 à 1/3 de la circonférence de l'enveloppe de protection 100. In addition, the longitudinal opening 4 is delimited by a first longitudinal portion 5 and a second longitudinal portion 6, the first portion 5 covering the second portion 6 according to a covering zone 7 which corresponds to about a quarter of the circumference of the protective envelope 100. Thus, a cable already mounted and connected to a network can be easily inserted into the protective envelope 100 whose diameter can adapt to that of the cable and which has a covering area 7 ensuring effective protection against rodents and other pests. According to an alternative embodiment, the overlap zone 7 varies between 1/8 to 1/3 of the circumference of the protective envelope 100.
Selon une possibilité non illustrée, un premier moyen d'accroche est prévu sur la première portion longitudinale 5 et second moyen d'accroche complémentaire au premier moyen est prévu sur la seconde portion longitudinale 6. Ces moyens sont configurés pour permettre la fermeture de l'ouverture longitudinale 4 de l'enveloppe 100 et assurer une plus grande sécurité face aux attaques des rongeurs.  According to a possibility not shown, a first attachment means is provided on the first longitudinal portion 5 and second attachment means complementary to the first means is provided on the second longitudinal portion 6. These means are configured to allow the closure of the longitudinal opening 4 of the envelope 100 and provide greater security against rodent attacks.
Selon une autre mode de réalisation non illustré, le textile 1 est tissé, tressé ou tricoté en tube. Selon les besoins, une ouverture longitudinale 4 est formée dans le tube après tissage, tricotage, tressage.  According to another embodiment not illustrated, the textile 1 is woven, braided or knitted in a tube. As required, a longitudinal opening 4 is formed in the tube after weaving, knitting, braiding.
La figure 2 représente un premier exemple de tissage de l'enveloppe de protection. Les fils illustrés en trait plein représentent les fils de trame 2 chargés en un matériau répulsif. Ces fils de trames 2 sont notamment des monofilaments de résine thermoplastique de PET et le matériau répulsif est chargé aux monofilaments au moment de son extrusion. Chacun de ces fils de trame 2 croisent des fils de chaîne 3 qui s'étendent selon une direction perpendiculaire au fils de trame, le croisement est d'un fil de trame pour un fil de chaîne. Ces fils de chaîne 3 sont en un matériau irritant tel que des fibres de céramique qui ont un comportement fragile, cassant et très irritant en cas de morsure pour le rongeur.  FIG. 2 represents a first example of weaving of the protective envelope. The son illustrated in full line represent the weft son 2 loaded with a repellent material. These weft yarns 2 are in particular PET thermoplastic resin monofilaments and the repellent material is loaded with monofilaments at the time of its extrusion. Each of these weft yarns 2 cross warp yarns 3 which extend in a direction perpendicular to the weft yarn, the crossing is of a weft yarn for a warp yarn. These warp threads 3 are made of an irritating material such as ceramic fibers which have a brittle, brittle and very irritating behavior in the event of a bite for the rodent.
Selon des variantes non illustrées, les fils de trame 2 et /ou les fils de chaîne 3 comprennent partiellement du métal ou un matériau mécaniquement résistant et moins conducteur, tel que aramides, le polyéthylène téréphtalate, le polyamide, le polyéthylène, le polypropylène, les acryliques, le polysulfure de phénylène, les polyazoles, les polyétherimides et les phénoliques, pour améliorer la résistance du tissu aux attaques des rongeurs. Le matériau mécaniquement résistant permet de s'affranchir de l'utilisation d'un métal dont les propriétés ne sont pas toutes souhaitables selon l'élément longitudinal à protéger.  According to non-illustrated variants, the weft threads 2 and / or the warp threads 3 partially comprise metal or a mechanically resistant and less conductive material, such as aramids, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylics, phenylene polysulfide, polyazoles, polyetherimides and phenolics, to improve the resistance of the tissue to rodent attacks. The mechanically resistant material makes it possible to dispense with the use of a metal whose properties are not all desirable depending on the longitudinal element to be protected.
La figure 3 représente un autre type d'armure de tissage qui présente des croisements d'un fil de trame pour deux fils de chaîne, ce qui permet l'avantage d'être beaucoup moins facilement soumis au glissement des fils de chaîne 3 sur les fils de trame 2. Le tissu est plus résistant à la manipulation sans perdre de sa souplesse ni prendre plus de masse linéique. En effet, le glissement latéral des fils de chaîne 3 quand on soumet le tissu à écartement dépend du rapport de la surface des fils de trame 2 couvrant alternativement les fils de chaîne 3. Les fils de trame 2 en de monofilaments de résine de PET, chargés d'un répulsif olfactif et/ou gustatif et présentent un diamètre d'environ 0.28mm. L'addition du répulsif est obtenue par mélange intime type masterbatch. Les fils de chaîne 3 sont composés de fil de céramiques ou de fils de multifilaments de verre E câblés. FIG. 3 represents another type of weave that has crossings of a weft thread for two warp threads, which allows the advantage of being much less easily subjected to sliding of the warp threads 3 on the threads. weft threads 2. The fabric is more resistant to handling without losing its flexibility or taking more linear mass. Indeed, the lateral sliding of the warp threads 3 when the spreading fabric is subjected depends on the ratio of the surface of the weft threads 2 alternately covering the warp threads 3. The weft threads 2 in monofilaments of PET resin, loaded with an olfactory repellent and / or taste and have a diameter of about 0.28mm. The addition of the repellent is obtained by intimate mixing type masterbatch. The warp yarns 3 are composed of yarn of ceramics or son of glass multifilaments E cabled.
Selon des variantes non illustrées les tissus présentent encore différentes armures, telles que le cannelé, reps, natté, sergé croisé, sergé composé, sergé façonné, satin à répétition, satin alternatif, et satiné, etc.  According to non-illustrated variants the fabrics still have different weaves, such as fluted, reps, braided, twill twill, compound twill, shaped twill, satin repetition, satin alternative, and satin, etc.
Selon une autre variante non illustrée, le textile de l'enveloppe de protection 100 comprend des fils de trame 2 comportant au moins un matériau thermo rétractable de sorte à se rétracter notamment lorsque l'enveloppe de protection recouvrant les éléments longitudinaux est chauffée au-delà d'une température seuil déterminée selon la nature du matériau thermo-rétractable.  According to another variant not shown, the textile of the protective envelope 100 comprises weft son 2 comprising at least one heat-shrinkable material so as to retract in particular when the protective envelope covering the longitudinal elements is heated beyond a threshold temperature determined according to the nature of the heat-shrinkable material.
Ainsi, la présente invention propose une enveloppe de protection 100 efficace contre les rongeurs ou autres animaux susceptibles d'attaquer des câbles grâce un textile 1 thermoformable comportant des fils résistant, irritant à la morsure et répulsif, pouvant prendre une conformation adaptée à l'élément longitudinal à protéger tout en ayant une épaisseur fine de l'ordre de quelques dixièmes de mm à quelques mm d'épaisseurs. L'enveloppe 100 est avantageusement dotée d'une ouverture longitudinale 4 permettant l'introduction dudit élément et d'une zone de recouvrement 7 dotée de moyens de fermeture de ladite ouverture. Il est également possible de positionner l'enveloppe de protection 100 sur une partie d'un élément longitudinal déjà en fonction sur site, pour protéger cette partie à postériori et limite les coûts de la protection.  Thus, the present invention provides a protective envelope 100 effective against rodents or other animals capable of attacking cables with a thermoformable textile 1 having son resistant, irritating to the bite and repellent, can take a conformation adapted to the element longitudinal to protect while having a thin thickness of the order of a few tenths of a mm to a few mm thickness. The envelope 100 is advantageously provided with a longitudinal opening 4 allowing the introduction of said element and a covering zone 7 provided with means for closing said opening. It is also possible to position the protective envelope 100 on a part of a longitudinal element already in operation on site, to protect this part a posteriori and limit the costs of protection.
Il va de soi que l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus à titre d'exemples mais qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques et les variantes des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons.  It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above as examples but that it includes all the technical equivalents and variants of the means described as well as their combinations.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Enveloppe de protection (100) destinée aux recouvrements d'éléments longitudinaux tels que des câbles ou des tuyaux, l'enveloppe de protection (100) comprenant un textile (1) tissé, non-tissé, tricoté, ou tressé, comportant au moins un matériau irritant, et au moins un matériau thermoplastique, le matériau irritant présentant un allongement à la rupture inférieur à 10% et de préférence inférieur à 6%. 1. Protective shell (100) for covering longitudinal elements such as cables or pipes, the protective envelope (100) comprising a woven, non-woven, knitted or braided textile (1) comprising less an irritating material, and at least one thermoplastic material, the irritating material having an elongation at break of less than 10% and preferably less than 6%.
2. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le textile (1) comprend ledit au moins un matériau irritant dans une proportion comprise environ entre 50 et 85% en poids. The protective shell (100) according to claim 1, wherein the textile (1) comprises said at least one irritant material in a proportion of about 50 to 85% by weight.
3. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle l'au moins un matériau irritant est choisi parmi des matières minérales, telles que les fils de verre, de carbone, de basalte, de bore, de carbure de silice, de silice, et des fils de céramiques. 3. protective envelope (100) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the at least one irritant material is selected from mineral materials, such as glass son, carbon, basalt, boron, of silica carbide, silica, and ceramic threads.
4. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle l'au moins un matériau thermoplastique est un polymère choisi parmi le PET, PET-FR, PP, PEbd, PEhd, P BT, PA4.6, PAU, PA6.6, PA12, PPS, PTFE, ECTFE, PVDF, ETFE, P FA, PEEK et le PMMA. 4. protective envelope (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one thermoplastic material is a polymer selected from PET, PET-FR, PP, LDPE, PEhd, P BT, PA4. 6, PAU, PA6.6, PA12, PPS, PTFE, ECTFE, PVDF, ETFE, PFA, PEEK and PMMA.
5. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle le textile (1) comprend en outre au moins un matériau métallique, de préférence dans une proportion comprise entre 3 % et 30% poids du textile (1). 5. protective envelope (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the textile (1) further comprises at least one metal material, preferably in a proportion of between 3% and 30% weight of the textile ( 1).
6. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle le textile (1) comporte également au moins un matériau répulsif, tel que le denatonium benzoate, l'huile de graine ricinius comunis et palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine. 6. protective envelope (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the textile (1) also comprises at least one repellent material, such as denatonium benzoate, ricinius comunis seed oil and palmitamidopropyl dimethylamine.
7. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle l'au moins un matériau répulsif entre dans la composition de l'au moins un matériau thermoplastique et/ou la composition de l'au moins un matériau irritant. The protective envelope (100) according to claim 6, wherein the at least one repellent material is in the composition of the at least one thermoplastic material and / or the composition of the at least one irritant material.
8. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans laquelle le textile (1) est tissé et comprend des fils de trame (2) et des fils de chaîne (3), de préférence chacun des fils de trame (2) est constitué de l'au moins un matériau thermoplastique et chacun des fils de chaîne (3) est constitué de l'au moins un matériau irritant. 8. Protective envelope (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the textile (1) is woven and comprises weft son (2) and warp son (3), preferably each son weft (2) consists of the at least one thermoplastic material and each of the warp threads (3) consists of the at least one irritating material.
9. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle les fils de trame (2) comprennent au moins un matériau thermo-rétractable configuré pour se rétracter lorsque l'enveloppe de protection est chauffée. The protective jacket (100) of claim 8, wherein the weft yarns (2) comprise at least one heat-shrinkable material configured to retract when the shroud is heated.
10. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans laquelle les fils de trame (2) sont constitués de monofilaments. 10. Protective envelope (100) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the weft son (2) consist of monofilaments.
11. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, comprenant en outre au moins un matériau mécaniquement résistant, notamment choisi parmi les aramides, le polyéthylène téréphtalate, le polyamide, le polyéthylène, le polypropylène, les acryliques, le polysulfure de phénylène, les polyazoles, les polyétherimides, les phénoliques. 11. Protective envelope (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising at least one mechanically resistant material, especially selected from aramid, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylics, phenylene polysulfide, polyazoles, polyetherimides, phenolics.
12. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, dans laquelle l'au moins un matériau thermoplastique est constitué de monofilaments de PET présentant un diamètre d'environ 0.28 mm et chargés d'un matériau répulsif olfactif et/ou répulsif gustatif. The protective cover (100) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the at least one thermoplastic material is PET monofilaments having a diameter of about 0.28 mm and loaded with an olfactory repellent material and / or taste repellent.
13. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 1 à 12, dans laquelle l'au moins un matériau irritant est constitué multifilaments de verre E câblés. The protective casing (100) according to claim 1 to 12, wherein the at least one irritating material is made of wired glass multifilaments E.
14. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, s'étendant selon un axe longitudinal (A) et présentant une forme globalement cylindrique. 14. protective envelope (100) according to one of claims 1 to 13, extending along a longitudinal axis (A) and having a generally cylindrical shape.
15. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 14, dans laquelle la forme globalement cylindrique présente uniquement deux ouvertures aux régions d'extrémité longitudinale. The protective envelope (100) of claim 14, wherein the generally cylindrical shape has only two openings at the longitudinal end regions.
16. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 15, comportant une ouverture longitudinale (4) s'étendant dans une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal (A) de la forme globalement cylindrique, de sorte à permettre l'introduction d'éléments longitudinaux dans l'enveloppe de protection (100). The protective cover (100) according to claim 15, comprising a longitudinal opening (4) extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (A) of the generally cylindrical shape, so as to allow the introduction of longitudinal elements in the protective envelope (100).
17. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 16, dans laquelle l'ouverture longitudinale (4) est délimitée par une première portion longitudinale (5) et une seconde portion longitudinale (6) de l'enveloppe de protection (100), la première portion longitudinale (5) étant conformée pour recouvrir la seconde portion longitudinale (6) selon une zone de recouvrement (7). 17. Protective envelope (100) according to claim 16, wherein the longitudinal opening (4) is delimited by a first longitudinal portion (5) and a second longitudinal portion (6) of the protective envelope (100), the first longitudinal portion (5) being shaped to cover the second longitudinal portion (6) along an overlap zone (7).
18. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon la revendication 17, dans laquelle la largeur de la zone de recouvrement (7) correspond environ à un quart de la circonférence de l'enveloppe de protection (100). The protective envelope (100) of claim 17, wherein the width of the lap region (7) is approximately one quarter of the circumference of the protective envelope (100).
19. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 16 à 18, dans laquelle la première portion longitudinale (5) comprend un premier moyen d'accroche et la seconde portion longitudinale (6) comprend un second moyen d'accroche complémentaire au premier moyen d'accroche, de sorte à permettre une fermeture de l'ouverture longitudinale (4). 19. Protection envelope (100) according to one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the first longitudinal portion (5) comprises a first attachment means and the second longitudinal portion (6) comprises a second complementary attachment means the first attachment means, so as to allow a closure of the longitudinal opening (4).
20. Enveloppe de protection (100) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19, présentant une épaisseur comprise entre quelques dixièmes de mm à quelques mm et de préférence une épaisseur inférieure à 3 millimètres. 20. Protection envelope (100) according to one of claims 1 to 19, having a thickness of between a few tenths of a mm to a few mm and preferably a thickness of less than 3 millimeters.
EP19713111.3A 2018-03-09 2019-03-08 Irritant protective wrap Pending EP3762948A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1852057A FR3078815B1 (en) 2018-03-09 2018-03-09 IRRITANT PROTECTIVE WRAP
PCT/FR2019/050524 WO2019171014A1 (en) 2018-03-09 2019-03-08 Irritant protective wrap

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3762948A1 true EP3762948A1 (en) 2021-01-13

Family

ID=63014637

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19713111.3A Pending EP3762948A1 (en) 2018-03-09 2019-03-08 Irritant protective wrap

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3762948A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3078815B1 (en)
MA (1) MA53257A (en)
WO (1) WO2019171014A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4505541A (en) * 1982-03-31 1985-03-19 Sea-Log Corporation Rodent-resistant non-conductive optical fiber cable
DE3502042A1 (en) * 1985-01-23 1986-07-24 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Cable with rodent protection
US4874219A (en) * 1988-05-17 1989-10-17 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Animal-resistant cable
WO1999059166A2 (en) 1998-05-14 1999-11-18 Owens Corning Non-metallic rodent resistant cable protection
ES2273588B1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2008-04-01 Relats, S.A. METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CABLE, TUBE AND SIMILAR PROTECTIVE CASES.
FR2916081B1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2009-09-25 Fed Mogul Systems Prot Group S ELECTROMAGNETIC PROTECTIVE SHEATH IN TEXTILE.
CN104966556A (en) * 2015-07-03 2015-10-07 章乐电缆（瑞金）有限公司 Rat-proof and termite-proof cable
US11180872B2 (en) * 2016-08-24 2021-11-23 Federal-Mogul Powertrain Llc Impact resistant, shrinkable woven tubular sleeve and method of construction thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MA53257A (en) 2021-09-15
FR3078815A1 (en) 2019-09-13
FR3078815B1 (en) 2022-02-25
WO2019171014A1 (en) 2019-09-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2685067C (en) Electromagnetic protection sheath made of textile
FR2942551A1 (en) CABLE COMPRISING ELEMENTS TO BE EXTRACTED, METHOD OF EXTRACTING THESE ELEMENTS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
FR2593929A1 (en) OPTICAL FIBER CABLE
FR2505509A1 (en) METHOD AND PACKAGING FOR PROTECTION OF SPARES OF OPTICAL FIBERS
EP0784181A1 (en) Braided sleeve for protecting an elongated element and method for manufacturing the same
WO2006079697A1 (en) Thermal protection sheath
FR3011822A1 (en) DEVICE FOR FIXING A FLEXIBLE RESERVOIR IN A COMPARTMENT
EP3762948A1 (en) Irritant protective wrap
CA2715406C (en) Cable trough for aircraft with composite material structure
EP3935652A1 (en) Low current self-illuminated power cable which retains flexibility, and method of manufacturing same
FR3006032A1 (en) FLEXIBLE TUBULAR DRIVER HEATED BY PASSING AN ELECTRIC CURRENT WITHIN CARBON COMPOSITE ARMS
WO1995004358A1 (en) Fireproof sheath and method for making same
WO2014188101A1 (en) Heating device suitable for encasing a fluid-transporting conduit
EP3529870B1 (en) Protective sheath in particular intended for housing electrical cables
EP2892057A2 (en) Thermal protection casing for protecting a cable and/or a cable accessory
EP2760030A1 (en) Power and/or telecommunications cable comprising at least one electrically insulating layer
EP0691720B1 (en) System for protecting and fixing a cable loom
EP1626415B1 (en) Noise reduction of overhead lines by a plastic sheath
WO2007026096A1 (en) Linear element for an electric fence
FR2928199A1 (en) Net structure i.e. wrapped flat net structure, for providing maintenance and protection function of e.g. electrical conductor bunch, in motor vehicle, has wires and meshes, where total thickness of structure is equal to specific millimeter
EP2767984A1 (en) Power and/or telecommunication cable
EP0851258A1 (en) Fiber optical cable, flexible and with improved resistance
FR3119685A1 (en) Installation of overhead optical cable with reduced swabbing effect
CA1199381A (en) Organic kevlar fiber cable for supporting aerial transmission lines
EP1171657B1 (en) Electromagnetic multiwall fabric

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20201007

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
RAV Requested validation state of the european patent: fee paid

Extension state: MA

Effective date: 20201007

Extension state: TN

Effective date: 20201007

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20210702