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EP3674482A1 - Device for attaching a rail - Google Patents

Device for attaching a rail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3674482A1
EP3674482A1 EP19219643.4A EP19219643A EP3674482A1 EP 3674482 A1 EP3674482 A1 EP 3674482A1 EP 19219643 A EP19219643 A EP 19219643A EP 3674482 A1 EP3674482 A1 EP 3674482A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
rail
passage
fixing
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19219643.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3674482B1 (en
Inventor
Claudiu Orodel
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3674482A1 publication Critical patent/EP3674482A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3674482B1 publication Critical patent/EP3674482B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/66—Rail fastenings allowing the adjustment of the position of the rails, so far as not included in the preceding groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C7/00—Runways, tracks or trackways for trolleys or cranes
    • B66C7/08—Constructional features of runway rails or rail mountings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/32—Fastening on steel sleepers with clamp members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for fixing running rails on a support structure.
  • the rail support may include a support plate or a support cross member on which the fasteners, also called clips, flanges, or even toads are arranged so as to hold the rail in position.
  • the rail is commonly composed of a lower part or shoe which rests on the rail support, a central part or core, vertical which links the lower part to an upper part.
  • the upper part has a rolling or circulation head for a vehicle.
  • the fastener generally comes to press on the top of the shoe by means of a tab projecting towards the rail.
  • the attachment may alternatively, or in addition, bear against the outer edge of the pad to form a lateral stop for positioning the rail.
  • the fasteners are bolted and / or welded to the rail support.
  • the commonly used fasteners include a base welded to the support and an upper part forming a rail retaining flange, removably attached to the base.
  • the fasteners are anchored to the mounting bracket by means of bolts. Bolted fasteners are easier to dismantle but are not suitable for supporting loads as high as welded fasteners.
  • the clip comprises a body from which extends a retaining tab provided with an elastic pad (also called nose) coming into contact with the upper face of a pad of a rail.
  • the body includes an oblong opening which allows the passage of a fixing bolt, while allowing an adjustment of the body in translation relative to the lateral face of the rail, in order to limit the lateral displacement of the rail.
  • the bolt is first put in place and then the body is engaged on the bolt.
  • a washer is placed between the tightening nut and the body.
  • the washer has a lower face with a profile which cooperates with the upper surface of the body around the oblong hole, so as to achieve self-locking.
  • the elastic pad is generally an elastomer which can be either vulcanized or bonded to the face of the retaining tab facing the pad. Its installation typically requires passage through an oven at a temperature of 200 ° C for 15 to 20 min.
  • Gantrail or Gantrex clips are very widely used, there are some problems. During installation, the position of the clip is adjusted along the rail after partial clamping of the clip by hammer blows. This implementation is imprecise. In addition, the washer being a separate part, there is a risk of losing it during transport. Finally, the elastic pad (or nose) remains a fragile piece, sensitive to operating conditions: rain, salt, UV, temperature. The clips are therefore often replaced during track maintenance campaigns because the elastic pad (or nose) is worn.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved fixing device for fixing a rail to a support structure which does not have the drawbacks of known fasteners.
  • the device according to the invention also comprises positioning means making it possible to adjust the position of the body relative to the rail when the fixing member is engaged through the body, in particular in the through passage.
  • the compression nose is fixed to the retaining lug by removable fixing means.
  • the fixing member which generally has the shape of a stud or of a cylindrical rod with a threaded end, is therefore engaged from bottom to top through the body.
  • the threaded end protrudes from the top of the body, and a nut is screwed onto this end, thus pressing on the upper part of the body to tighten it against the support structure.
  • the compression nose is one of the elements of the device whose wear is the earliest. This is due to the fact that it is often made of a polymer material, in particular an elastomer.
  • the removable fixing means at the compression nose allow replacement of the nose, in the event of wear thereof, independently of the other elements of the device and therefore save a complete manufacturing process of the device each once a repair is required.
  • the nose can be fixed to the holding tab by elastic deformation and / or complementary shapes.
  • the nose in the form of a bar, in particular with a substantially rectangular or trapezoidal section, said bar having a fixing face in contact with the holding face of the fixing lug, and an opposite bearing face, intended to come in contact with the upper face of the rail pad.
  • At least two studs protrude from the fixing face of the nose are engaged by force in holes, preferably through, in the tab.
  • the nose is made of polymer material. It is typically made by injection molding. Any suitable polymer may be used, in particular elastomers such as, for example, SIPLOPRENE or MEGOL.
  • the nose can be made of metal, in particular steel.
  • the body comprises a through passage in the form of an oblong hole and the fixing member is anchored in a fixed base supporting the body, welded to the support structure of the rail, and is engaged in the through passage of the body.
  • the base preferably comprises guide faces in translation of the body.
  • the positioning means comprise a cam housed in the body and comprising a through passage for the fixing member.
  • the cam is movable in the body so as to allow the modification of the relative position of the fixing member relative to the body.
  • the cam is housed in a cylindrical through passage, and is movable in rotation in this passage around a pivot axis passing through its center.
  • the through passage for the fixing member is offset from the pivot axis.
  • the cam comprises a lateral surface with an annular portion of tapered shape, in particular conical, which rests on a corresponding surface of the internal wall of the cylindrical passage.
  • the fixing member comprises a screw whose head is housed under the body (blocked in the base or in the support structure) and a nut screwed onto the end of the screw protruding from the through passage and loaded against the body, respectively the cam.
  • the through passage advantageously comprises a thread
  • the cam comprises a thread corresponding to the thread of the passage.
  • the cam thread is loaded against the thread of the passage by tightening a nut screwed onto the end of the screw fixing member and protruding from the cam.
  • the thread / tapping ensures good circumferential contact between the two parts.
  • the thread and tapping are preferably configured so that in the fully screwed position of the cam, called the starting or low position, the through passage for the fixing member is in a distal position of the tab, and after a rotation of approximately half a turn, the cam is in the high position, raised relative to the starting position, and the through passage for the fixing member is in a position proximal to the tab. Thanks to this constructive measure, if the cam is urged to move from the starting position towards the high position, the cam undergoes an ascent which is braked by the nut.
  • a locking stop is preferably provided in the passage to limit the rotation of the cam.
  • the upper part of the cam is shaped to cooperate with said cam so as to limit rotation to less than one turn, in particular about 1 half-turn.
  • a flange protrudes from the upper face of the cam and surrounds the through passage of the fixing member, the flange having an external contour adapted to be engaged with a tool making it possible to apply a rotational movement to the cam, the outer contour preferably being hexagonal.
  • the device 10 comprises a body 12 with a retaining tab 26, integral with the latter, which extends laterally beyond the body 12 so as to come above a lateral shoe 14 of a rail 15 of bearing (shown abstractly).
  • the body 12 cooperates with a base 16 fixed on a support structure 17 of the rail 15, as typically a spar or a support plate. Once assembled, the body 12 is typically fixed in contact with the pad 14.
  • the reference sign 24 designates a lateral contact face of the body, under the tab 26, oriented towards the pad.
  • the body 12 rests, by its lower portion called the sole 18 on the base 16, which is fixed to the support structure by welding.
  • This type of device 10 is thus commonly called a welding clip.
  • the body 12 has a through passage 20, here constituted by an oblong hole, intended to accommodate a screw fixing member 22.
  • the fixing member 22 is generally a bolt, and in particular a stud 28 and a nut 30.
  • the stud 28 is engaged in the through passage 20 of the body 12, from the bottom up and protrudes from the upper surface of the body 32 to level of which the nut 30 is disposed.
  • the stud 28 is typically anchored in the welded base 16.
  • the base 16 is provided with a housing formed by a notch 34 allowing the insertion of the stud 28 in the base 16.
  • a head 36 of the stud comprises a rotation blocking element maintained by complementarity shaped in the notch 34.
  • the head 36 of the stud is rectangular, just like the notch 34.
  • the contact face 24 is turned towards the rail, and comes into contact with an outer edge 38 of the shoe 14 of the rail to limit the lateral movement of the rail.
  • the retaining tab 26 extends above the shoe, from the body 12, in a substantially horizontal plane.
  • the purpose of tab 26 is to limit the vertical movement of the rail. It bears on an upper face 40 of the pad via a compression nose 42.
  • the nose 42 is fixed in a lower face called the holding face 44 of the tab 26, facing the upper face 40 of the shoe 14.
  • the compression nose 42 is fixed to the retaining tab 26 by removable fixing means 46.
  • the nose 42 can thus be fixed to the body 12 of the device 10, then removed from the body 12 without impacting the quality and functionality of other clip elements 10.
  • the compression nose 42 also called compression pad, is in the form of a bar with a substantially rectangular or trapezoidal section, which has a fixing face 48 in contact with the holding face 44 of the tab 26, and an opposite bearing face 50 in contact with the upper face 40 of the shoe 14 of the rail.
  • the height of the nose 42 between the fixing face 48 and the bearing face 50 is chosen as a function of the height of the shoe of the rail on which the device 10 is to be mounted.
  • the device 10 is therefore adaptable to different types of rails by modifying the profile of the nose 42 which is attached to the tab 26.
  • the bearing face 50 of the nose 42 can be flat or, as shown in the figures, concave.
  • the concavity of the lower face allows the nose 42 to deform against the pad and to conform to the shape of the pad to increase its contact surface.
  • the fixing face 48 comprises a flat part 52 corresponding with the holding face of the tab 26 of the body 12, and comprises two studs 46. These studs can for example be cylindrical and / or conical.
  • the pins 46 are housed in holes 54 passing through the retaining tab 26; the holes 54 having a profile which can be cylindrical and / or conical, compatible with the pins 46.
  • the assembly of the nose is done in this case by pressing the pins 46 into the holes 54 of the retaining tab, in particular by pressing. The assembly process is thus very fast, and does not involve an expensive or complex machine.
  • the stud / hole assembly thus forms a removable means of fixing the nose.
  • the posts are dimensioned to allow their introduction into force into the holes 54 and a fixing by tight fit. Note that the holding force of the pins 46 is not critical, because in use the nose 42 is compressed against the tab is not likely to come off. The nose can be easily detached from the retaining tab by releasing the studs from the holes.
  • any suitable fixing means can be used to make a removable connection between the compression nose 42 and the retaining tab 26 of the body of the device.
  • the fixing means can comprise a fixing system by elastic deformation, a fixing system by complementary shape such as for example a dovetail connection, or even a fixing system by screwing, riveting or tightening nose against the underside of the retaining tab.
  • the compression nose 42 is preferably made of an elastomeric material.
  • the elastomeric material is advantageously adapted to the environment in which the rail will be placed.
  • a method of manufacturing the nose by injection molding is preferred, but it is understood that any suitable manufacturing method can be used.
  • the compression nose can also be made of metallic material, for example of steel of type S355 or the like.
  • the retaining face 44 preferably comprises a slight recess (about 1 mm deep) in which the base of the nose 42 is housed. When the device is mounted against the rail pad, the nose is thus held at its base against forces transverse and longitudinal, which avoids shearing problems.
  • the device 10 is further designed to allow the position of the body 12 to be adjusted relative to the rail, when the fixing member 22 is engaged in the through passage 20 (and therefore fixed).
  • the oblong shape of the through passage 20 forms a positioning means which will make it possible to move the body 12 on the base 16 (fixed) in horizontal translation towards the shoe 14 of the rail.
  • the base 16 is a substantially flat part which rests by its lower face 58 on the support structure 17 of the rail and which has an opposite upper face 60 supporting the body 12 of the device 10.
  • the base 16 has vertical faces joining the lower face 58 to upper face 60.
  • the vertical faces include a front face 62 facing the shoe 14 of the rail, a rear face 64 opposite the front face and two lateral faces 66. The welding is generally carried out all around the base 16.
  • the body 12 has a lower face 75 which rests on the upper face 60 of the base.
  • the device 10 is designed so that the movement of the body 12 on the base is guided.
  • a first oblique vertical guide face 68 joining the front face 62 and a side face 66 is arranged to allow the body 12 to be guided on the base 16.
  • the base 16 has a protruding element 70 above its upper face 60, and the projecting element 70 comprises a second guide face 72 parallel to the first guide face 68.
  • the sole 18 of the body 12 which rests on the base 16 comprises two translation faces 74, parallel, vertical, arranged opposite the guide faces 68, 72 of the base 16.
  • the two guide faces 68, 72 do so office of guide stops for the translation faces 74 of the body 12.
  • the oblong hole 20 is oriented in its length in a direction parallel to the translation faces 74.
  • the body can slide against the guide faces 68, 72 of the base 16, between two positions: an extreme distal position shown in the Figure 3 , wherein the body 12 is spaced from the shoe 14; and an extreme proximal position, shown in Figure 4 , in which the body 12 is in contact with the shoe 14.
  • the upper face 60 of the base 16 has an inclination, not visible, relative to the lower face 58, which is oriented in the sliding direction of the body.
  • This tilt creates an increase of thickness of the base 16 from the proximal edge of the rail to the distal edge of the rail.
  • the lower face 75 of the body 12 then comprises an inclination similar to the inclination of the base 16, with a smaller thickness on the proximal side of the rail.
  • These complementary inclinations imply an increase in the total thickness of the clip when the body 12 moves away from the rail on the base 16 (from the configuration Fig. 4 towards that of Fig. 3 ), which increases the clamping force applied by the nut and allows a self-tightening or self-locking effect.
  • the nut After installation and positioning of the body, the nut is screwed so as to lock the device in position.
  • a second embodiment of the rail fixing device 110 will now be described with reference to Figures 5 to 10 .
  • This embodiment is described in comparison with the first embodiment, identical or similar elements are designated by the same reference signs, increased by 100.
  • the device 110 comprises a body 112 able to be disposed directly against a support structure of the rail 117 by means of a fixing member 122 passing through the body 112.
  • the fixing member 122 is here a bolt comprising a screw 129 and a nut 130. It will be understood that the screw can be inserted into an orifice of the support structure or attached to it by any suitable means, in order to ensure anchoring the screw 129 in the track support.
  • the fixing device 110 of the second embodiment is commonly called a bolt-on clip.
  • the body 112 rests on the support structure 117 of the rail by its lower part called the sole 118, and has a contact face 124 oriented towards the shoe.
  • the reference sign 126 designates a retaining tab integral with the body 112 and projecting beyond the contact face 124, therefore beyond the body 112.
  • the contact face 124 and the retaining tab 126 are arranged similar to the first embodiment.
  • the retaining tab 126 has a retaining face 144 facing an upper face 140 of the shoe 114, and a compression nose 142, in the form of bar, is fixed to the holding face 144 by removable fixing means 146, constituted here by studs projecting from the rear face of the nose.
  • the device 110 also includes positioning means making it possible to adjust the position of the body 112 relative to the rail, when the fixing member is engaged in a through passage 120.
  • the positioning means differ from those of the first embodiment. These comprise an eccentric cam 178 mounted on the screw 129 and housed in a passage formed by the through passage 120, generally circular.
  • Cam 178 is a generally cylindrical part of revolution with a lateral surface in stages. On the side of the upper face 132 of the body 112, it is surmounted by a head constituted by an external flange 180 of hexagonal outline.
  • the cam 178 is pivotable in the opening 120 around an axis R 1 passing substantially through the center of the passage 120 (cf. Fig. 9 ).
  • the reference sign 182 designates a through hole, eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation R 1 of the cam, which allows the passage of the screw 129 through the cam 178, and therefore through the body 112.
  • the axis R 2 is also at the center of the collar 180.
  • the external collar 180 can be engaged by an appropriate key so as to rotate the cam 178 around the axis R 2 of the screw 129.
  • the nut 130 is screwed onto the part of the screw 129 protruding from the head.
  • the two extreme positions of the cam 178 are delimited by a finger 184 formed in an internal wall 176 of the through passage 120, and comprising two abutment faces 190 limiting the rotation of the cam 178.
  • the cam carries at its upper section a projecting annular segment 185 extending over approximately 180 °.
  • the internal wall 176 defines a generally conical passage: there is an inlet section 188, an intermediate section 187 conical (frustoconical) and a lower circular section 186 straight.
  • the passage section is reduced in the direction of the lower section.
  • the cam 178 has a generally conical body and comprises a side wall 200 having an upper section 202, a conical intermediate section 204 and a circular lower section 206 of reduced diameter.
  • Threads 208 and 210 are provided respectively on the wall 200 of the cam 178 and the wall 176, over approximately one revolution, at the level of the conical parts. In the position of Figures 7 and 8 the cam 178 is screwed into the opening, abutting on the finger 184. It is observed that the shapes of the cam 178 and the opening 120 are complementary.
  • the cam 178 When the cam 178 is turned in the opening, it follows the threads and is driven in vertical translation.
  • the rotation of the cam 178 is limited to 180 °, due to the configuration of the upper section 202 which has two portions with different radial extensions (due to the annular segment 185) which extend respectively over approximately a half-circumference of the passage.
  • the construction of the present device 110 is advantageous in that in all the angular positions of the cam 178, the latter is in contact, via the threads, with the body 112 through a surface inclined relative to the axis of the fixing member 122. This makes it possible to circumferentially distribute the forces of the cam on the body, which minimizes localized wear.
  • the direction of the thread is such that when the cam 178 rotates in the direction which allows the distance from the rail (from the starting position towards the high position), the cam goes up 178. This constructive measure allows the clip 110 to self-lock. Once the clip is mounted, the forces tending to rotate the body relative to the cam are opposed to an increase in the clamping force, due to the elevation of the cam 178.
  • each device 110 is designed to be mounted with a screw fixing member, there may be several.
  • two fixing bolts in the variant of the clip to be welded, there will for example be a body with a single tab but two parallel longitudinal holes, each crossed by a bolt. The two bolts are anchored in a single base.
  • FIG. 11 to 13 a last variant of the rail fixing device, designated 211, is shown in Figures 11 to 13 .
  • the design of device 211 is very similar to that of device 110. Similar or identical elements are therefore designated by the same reference signs, increased by 100.
  • the body 212 can be recognized capable of being placed directly against a support structure of the rail by means of a fixing member 222 passing through the body 212 and comprising a screw 229 and a nut 230.
  • the body 212 rests on the rail support structure by its lower part called the sole 218, and has a contact face 224 oriented in use towards the shoe of the rail.
  • the reference sign 226 designates a retaining tab integral with the body 212 and projecting beyond the contact face 224.
  • the retaining tab 126 comprises a retaining face 244 turned in use towards an upper face of the pad of rail.
  • a compression nose 242, in the form of a bar, is fixed to the retaining face 244 by means of removable fasteners 246, constituted here by tenons projecting from the rear face of the nose forcibly engaged in holes in the holding tab 246.
  • the device 211 differs mainly from the device 110 in that it comprises a simplified eccentric cam 278, without a screw.
  • the cam 278 is therefore a generally cylindrical part of revolution with a lateral surface in stages.
  • the cam is pivotable in the opening 220 around the axis R 1 passing substantially through the center of the passage 220.
  • the screw 229 crosses the cam 278 through a through orifice 282, eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation R 1 of the cam.
  • the through hole 282 of axis R 2 is aligned with the flange 280.
  • the passage 220 of the body 212 has an internal profile adapted to the profile of the cam 278.
  • the internal wall defines a generally conical passage: there is an inlet section 188, an intermediate section 287 conical (frustoconical) and a circular lower section 286 right.
  • the passage section 220 is reduced in the direction of the lower section.
  • the internal wall of the passage 220 and the external surface of the cam 278 are smooth and of corresponding dimensions, apart from the operating clearance.
  • the cam 178 By engaging a key on the outer flange 280, the cam 178 can be rotated around the axis R 2 of the screw 129. Unlike the variant of the figures 7 to 10 , there is no elevation of the cam.
  • the cam 278 loaded by the screw 222 on the body 212 is therefore in intimate contact with the latter, according to a circular surface corresponding to the conical sections 287 and 304 facing the cam and the body.
  • the rotation of the cam 278 is limited by a stop 284 positioned in the upper part of the passage 220.
  • the stop 284 projects into the passage 220 and cooperates with an annular segment 285 projecting from the lateral face of the section 302.
  • the annular segment 285 extends over approximately 150 ° and makes it possible to limit the rotation of the cam to approximately 180 °.
  • FIGs 11 and 12 represent the cam 278 in a first stop position, the head 280 being close to the nose 226: this is the so-called distal position, similar to the figures 7 and 9 .
  • the extreme opposite position of the cam 278 is shown in the figure 13 , and corresponds to the proximal position of the figures 8 and 10 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de fixation pour la fixation d'un rail (15) sur une structure support (17), comprenant un corps (12) apte à être fixé le long du rail sur la structure support au moyen d'un organe de fixation à vis (22) engagé à travers le corps; une patte de maintien (26) configurée pour s'étendre depuis le corps au-dessus d'un patin du rail ; et un nez de compression (42) fixé sur une face (44) de la patte de maintien tournée vers le patin du rail et destinée à prendre appui sur une face supérieure du patin de rail. Le dispositif comporte en outre des moyens de positionnement permettant d'ajuster la position du corps (12) par rapport au rail lorsque l'organe de fixation est engagé à travers le corps. Le nez de compression (42) est fixé à la patte de maintien par des moyens de fixation amovibles (46).Fixing device for fixing a rail (15) to a support structure (17), comprising a body (12) capable of being fixed along the rail to the support structure by means of a screw fixing member ( 22) engaged through the body; a retaining tab (26) configured to extend from the body above a pad on the rail; and a compression nose (42) fixed on one face (44) of the retaining tab facing the rail pad and intended to bear on an upper face of the rail pad. The device further comprises positioning means making it possible to adjust the position of the body (12) relative to the rail when the fixing member is engaged through the body. The compression nose (42) is fixed to the retaining lug by removable fixing means (46).

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de fixation de rails de roulement sur une structure support.The present invention relates to a device for fixing running rails on a support structure.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Dans les systèmes de rails des installations ferroviaires, mais aussi les systèmes de ponts roulants, grues portuaires, portiques, ou magasins automatisés, il est courant de réaliser une fixation des rails à un soubassement ou support de rail par des attaches qui opèrent un pincement ou un serrage du rail. Le support de rail peut comprendre une platine de support ou une traverse de support sur laquelle les attaches, aussi appelées clips, brides, ou encore crapauds sont agencées de manière à maintenir le rail en position.In rail systems of railway installations, but also overhead crane systems, port cranes, gantry cranes, or automated stores, it is common to fix the rails to a base or rail support by clips which operate a pinch or rail tightening. The rail support may include a support plate or a support cross member on which the fasteners, also called clips, flanges, or even toads are arranged so as to hold the rail in position.

Le rail est communément composé d'une partie inférieure ou patin qui repose sur le support de rail, d'une partie centrale ou âme, verticale qui lie la partie inférieure à une partie supérieure. La partie supérieure comporte une tête de roulement ou de circulation pour un véhicule.The rail is commonly composed of a lower part or shoe which rests on the rail support, a central part or core, vertical which links the lower part to an upper part. The upper part has a rolling or circulation head for a vehicle.

Pour maintenir le rail, l'attache vient en général appuyer sur le dessus du patin par l'intermédiaire d'une patte faisant saillie vers le rail. La fixation peut alternativement, ou en complément prendre appui contre le bord extérieur du patin pour constituer une butée latérale de positionnement du rail.To maintain the rail, the fastener generally comes to press on the top of the shoe by means of a tab projecting towards the rail. The attachment may alternatively, or in addition, bear against the outer edge of the pad to form a lateral stop for positioning the rail.

Selon les cas, les attaches sont boulonnées et/ou soudées au support de rail. Dans le cas d'un montage soudé, les fixations couramment utilisées comprennent une base soudée au support et une partie supérieure formant bride de maintien du rail, fixée de manière amovible à la base. Dans l'autre variante de montage, les fixations sont ancrées au support de montage au moyen de boulons. Les attaches boulonnées sont plus aisées à démonter mais ne sont pas adaptées pour soutenir des charges aussi élevées que les attaches soudées.Depending on the case, the fasteners are bolted and / or welded to the rail support. In the case of a welded mounting, the commonly used fasteners include a base welded to the support and an upper part forming a rail retaining flange, removably attached to the base. In the other mounting variant, the fasteners are anchored to the mounting bracket by means of bolts. Bolted fasteners are easier to dismantle but are not suitable for supporting loads as high as welded fasteners.

Des attaches bien connues dans le domaine sont celles commercialisées par la société GANTRAIL (Gloucestershire, Royaume-Uni) ou GANTREX (Nivelles, Belgique) qui proposent des clips de serrage de rail soudés et boulonnés. Le clip comporte un corps à partir duquel s'étend une patte de maintien munie d'un coussinet élastique (aussi appelé nez) venant en contact avec la face supérieure d'un patin d'un rail. Le corps comprend une ouverture oblongue qui permet le passage d'un boulon de fixation, tout en permettant un ajustage du corps en translation par rapport à la face latérale du rail, afin de limiter le déplacement latéral du rail. Lors de l'installation, le boulon est d'abord mis en place puis le corps est engagé sur le boulon. Une rondelle est placée entre l'écrou de serrage et le corps. La rondelle a une face inférieure avec un profil qui coopère avec la surface supérieure du corps autour du trou oblong, de sorte à réaliser un auto-blocage.Fasteners well known in the field are those sold by the company GANTRAIL (Gloucestershire, United Kingdom) or GANTREX (Nivelles, Belgium) which offer welded and bolted rail clamps. The clip comprises a body from which extends a retaining tab provided with an elastic pad (also called nose) coming into contact with the upper face of a pad of a rail. The body includes an oblong opening which allows the passage of a fixing bolt, while allowing an adjustment of the body in translation relative to the lateral face of the rail, in order to limit the lateral displacement of the rail. During installation, the bolt is first put in place and then the body is engaged on the bolt. A washer is placed between the tightening nut and the body. The washer has a lower face with a profile which cooperates with the upper surface of the body around the oblong hole, so as to achieve self-locking.

Le coussinet élastique est généralement un élastomère qui peut être soit vulcanisé, soit collé sur la face de la patte de maintien tournée vers le patin. Sa mise en place nécessite typiquement le passage dans un four à une température de 200°C pendant 15 à 20 min.The elastic pad is generally an elastomer which can be either vulcanized or bonded to the face of the retaining tab facing the pad. Its installation typically requires passage through an oven at a temperature of 200 ° C for 15 to 20 min.

Bien que les clips Gantrail ou Gantrex soient très largement utilisés, on peut relever quelques problèmes. Lors de l'installation, l'ajustement de la position du clip le long du rail se fait après serrage partiel du clip, par des coups de marteaux. Cette mise en œuvre est peu précise. En outre, la rondelle étant une pièce séparée, il existe un risque de la perdre pendant le transport. Enfin, le coussinet élastique (ou nez) reste une pièce fragile, sensible aux conditions d'exploitation : pluie, sel, UV, température. Les clips sont donc souvent remplacés lors de campagnes d'entretien de voies car le coussinet (ou nez) élastique est usé.Although Gantrail or Gantrex clips are very widely used, there are some problems. During installation, the position of the clip is adjusted along the rail after partial clamping of the clip by hammer blows. This implementation is imprecise. In addition, the washer being a separate part, there is a risk of losing it during transport. Finally, the elastic pad (or nose) remains a fragile piece, sensitive to operating conditions: rain, salt, UV, temperature. The clips are therefore often replaced during track maintenance campaigns because the elastic pad (or nose) is worn.

D'autres clips de fixation de rails conventionnels sont décrits dans le US 4,821,957 , EP 1 013 827 , et GB 2 551 404 .Other conventional rail fixing clips are described in the US 4,821,957 , EP 1 013 827 , and GB 2,551,404 .

Objet de l'inventionSubject of the invention

La présente invention a pour objet de fournir un dispositif de fixation amélioré pour la fixation d'un rail sur une structure support qui ne présente pas les inconvénients des attaches connues.The object of the present invention is to provide an improved fixing device for fixing a rail to a support structure which does not have the drawbacks of known fasteners.

Description générale de l'inventionGeneral description of the invention

Conformément à la présente invention, un dispositif de fixation pour la fixation d'un rail de roulement sur une structure support comprend:

  • un corps apte à être fixé le long d'un rail sur la structure support au moyen d'un organe de fixation à vis engagé à travers le corps, par exemple dans un passage traversant ;
  • une patte de maintien configurée pour s'étendre depuis le corps au-dessus d'un patin du rail ; et
  • un coussinet ou nez de compression fixé sur une face de la patte de maintien tournée vers le patin du rail et destinée à prendre appui sur une face supérieure du patin de rail.
According to the present invention, a fixing device for fixing a running rail on a support structure comprises:
  • a body capable of being fixed along a rail on the support structure by means of a screw fixing member engaged through the body, for example in a through passage;
  • a retaining tab configured to extend from the body above a rail pad; and
  • a compression pad or nose fixed on one face of the retaining tab facing the rail pad and intended to bear on an upper face of the rail pad.

On appréciera que le dispositif selon l'invention comporte également des moyens de positionnement permettant d'ajuster la position du corps par rapport au rail lorsque l'organe de fixation est engagé à travers le corps, notamment dans le passage traversant. En outre, le nez de compression est fixé à la patte de maintien par des moyens de fixation amovible.It will be appreciated that the device according to the invention also comprises positioning means making it possible to adjust the position of the body relative to the rail when the fixing member is engaged through the body, in particular in the through passage. In addition, the compression nose is fixed to the retaining lug by removable fixing means.

En utilisation, l'organe de fixation, qui a généralement la forme d'un goujon ou d'une tige cylindrique avec une extrémité filetée est donc engagé de bas en haut à travers le corps. L'extrémité filetée dépasse sur le dessus du corps, et un écrou est vissé sur cette extrémité, s'appuyant donc sur la partie supérieure du corps pour le serrer contre la structure support.In use, the fixing member, which generally has the shape of a stud or of a cylindrical rod with a threaded end, is therefore engaged from bottom to top through the body. The threaded end protrudes from the top of the body, and a nut is screwed onto this end, thus pressing on the upper part of the body to tighten it against the support structure.

Comme explicité ci-avant, le nez de compression est un des éléments du dispositif dont l'usure est la plus précoce. Ceci est dû au fait qu'il est souvent réalisé dans un matériau polymère, notamment en élastomère. Les moyens de fixation amovibles au niveau du nez de compression permettent un remplacement du nez, en cas d'usure de celui-ci, indépendamment des autres éléments du dispositif et donc de faire l'économie d'un processus de fabrication complet du dispositif chaque fois qu'une réparation est nécessaire.As explained above, the compression nose is one of the elements of the device whose wear is the earliest. This is due to the fact that it is often made of a polymer material, in particular an elastomer. The removable fixing means at the compression nose allow replacement of the nose, in the event of wear thereof, independently of the other elements of the device and therefore save a complete manufacturing process of the device each once a repair is required.

Le nez peut être fixé à la patte de maintien par déformation élastique et/ou complémentarité de formes.The nose can be fixed to the holding tab by elastic deformation and / or complementary shapes.

Le nez à la forme d'une barrette, en particulier avec une section sensiblement rectangulaire ou trapézoïdale, la dite barrette comportant une face de fixation en contact avec la face de maintien de la patte de fixation, et une face portante opposée, destinée à venir en contact avec la face supérieure du patin du rail. Au moins deux tenons font saillie à partir de la face de fixation du nez en sont engagés en force dans des trous, préférablement traversants, dans la patte.The nose in the form of a bar, in particular with a substantially rectangular or trapezoidal section, said bar having a fixing face in contact with the holding face of the fixing lug, and an opposite bearing face, intended to come in contact with the upper face of the rail pad. At least two studs protrude from the fixing face of the nose are engaged by force in holes, preferably through, in the tab.

Dans les applications courantes, le nez est en matériau polymère. Il est typiquement fabriqué par moulage par injection. On pourra employer tout polymère adapté, notamment des élastomères tels que, par ex., du SIPLOPRENE ou du MEGOL.In common applications, the nose is made of polymer material. It is typically made by injection molding. Any suitable polymer may be used, in particular elastomers such as, for example, SIPLOPRENE or MEGOL.

Pour des applications soumises à de hautes températures, comme par exemple des voies de roulement installées dans un four, le nez peut être fabriqué en métal, notamment en acier.For applications subject to high temperatures, such as for example tracks installed in an oven, the nose can be made of metal, in particular steel.

Selon une variante de type clip à souder, le corps comprend un passage traversant en forme de trou oblong et l'organe de fixation est ancré dans une embase fixe supportant le corps, soudée à la structure de support du rail, et est engagé dans le passage traversant du corps. L'embase comprend de préférence des faces de guidage en translation du corps.According to a variant of the clip type to be welded, the body comprises a through passage in the form of an oblong hole and the fixing member is anchored in a fixed base supporting the body, welded to the support structure of the rail, and is engaged in the through passage of the body. The base preferably comprises guide faces in translation of the body.

Selon une variante de type clip à boulonner, les moyens de positionnement comprennent une came logée dans le corps et comprenant un passage traversant pour l'organe de fixation. La came est mobile dans le corps de sorte à permettre la modification de la position relative de l'organe de fixation par rapport au corps. En particulier, la came est logée dans un passage traversant cylindrique, et est mobile en rotation dans ce passage autour d'un axe de pivotement passant par son centre. Le passage traversant pour l'organe de fixation est décalé de l'axe de pivotement. On obtient ainsi un clip compact à came excentrique qui permet un ajustement aisé du corps par rapport au rail.According to a variant of the bolt-on clip type, the positioning means comprise a cam housed in the body and comprising a through passage for the fixing member. The cam is movable in the body so as to allow the modification of the relative position of the fixing member relative to the body. In particular, the cam is housed in a cylindrical through passage, and is movable in rotation in this passage around a pivot axis passing through its center. The through passage for the fixing member is offset from the pivot axis. A compact clip with eccentric cam is thus obtained which allows an easy adjustment of the body relative to the rail.

Avantageusement, la came comprend une surface latérale avec une portion annulaire de forme effilée, en particulier conique, qui s'appuie sur une surface correspondante de la paroi interne du passage cylindrique. L'usage d'une came avec un profil de révolution qui n'est pas un cylindre droit permet de distribuer les charges sur l'ensemble de la circonférence de la came, et donc d'éviter des usures localisées qu'on pourrait avoir avec un cylindre droit.Advantageously, the cam comprises a lateral surface with an annular portion of tapered shape, in particular conical, which rests on a corresponding surface of the internal wall of the cylindrical passage. The use of a cam with a revolution profile which is not a straight cylinder makes it possible to distribute loads over the entire circumference of the cam, and therefore avoid localized wear that could be had with a straight cylinder.

En pratique, l'organe de fixation comporte une vis dont la tête est logée sous le corps (bloquée dans l'embase ou dans la structure support) et un écrou vissé sur l'extrémité de vis dépassant du passage traversant et mis en charge contre le corps, respectivement la came.In practice, the fixing member comprises a screw whose head is housed under the body (blocked in the base or in the support structure) and a nut screwed onto the end of the screw protruding from the through passage and loaded against the body, respectively the cam.

Selon les variantes, le passage traversant comprend avantageusement un taraudage, et la came comprend un filetage correspondant au taraudage du passage. En utilisation, filetage de la came est mis en charge contre le taraudage du passage par le serrage d'un écrou vissé sur l'extrémité de l'organe de fixation à vis et dépassant de la came. Ici encore la présence du filet/taraudage assure un bon contact circonférentiel entre les deux pièces.According to the variants, the through passage advantageously comprises a thread, and the cam comprises a thread corresponding to the thread of the passage. In use, the cam thread is loaded against the thread of the passage by tightening a nut screwed onto the end of the screw fixing member and protruding from the cam. Here again the presence of the thread / tapping ensures good circumferential contact between the two parts.

Le filetage et taraudage sont préférablement configurés de sorte qu'en position complètement vissée de la came, dite position de départ ou basse, le passage traversant pour l'organe de fixation est dans une position distale de la patte, et après une rotation d'environ un demi-tour, la came est en position haute, surélevée par rapport à la position de départ, et le passage traversant pour l'organe de fixation est dans une position proximale de la patte. Grace à cette mesure constructive, si la came est sollicitée pour déplacer de la position de départ en direction de la position haute, la came subit une ascension qui est freinée par l'écrou.The thread and tapping are preferably configured so that in the fully screwed position of the cam, called the starting or low position, the through passage for the fixing member is in a distal position of the tab, and after a rotation of approximately half a turn, the cam is in the high position, raised relative to the starting position, and the through passage for the fixing member is in a position proximal to the tab. Thanks to this constructive measure, if the cam is urged to move from the starting position towards the high position, the cam undergoes an ascent which is braked by the nut.

Une butée de blocage est préférablement prévue dans le passage pour limiter la rotation de la came. La partie supérieure de la came est conformée pour coopérer avec ladite came de sorte à limiter la rotation à moins d'un tour, en particulier environ 1 demi-tour.A locking stop is preferably provided in the passage to limit the rotation of the cam. The upper part of the cam is shaped to cooperate with said cam so as to limit rotation to less than one turn, in particular about 1 half-turn.

De préférence, une collerette fait saillie sur la face supérieure de la came et entoure le passage traversant de l'organe de fixation, la collerette ayant un contour extérieur adapté pour être en prise avec un outil permettant d'appliquer un mouvement de rotation à la came, le contour extérieur étant préférablement hexagonal.Preferably, a flange protrudes from the upper face of the cam and surrounds the through passage of the fixing member, the flange having an external contour adapted to be engaged with a tool making it possible to apply a rotational movement to the cam, the outer contour preferably being hexagonal.

Description détaillée à l'aide des figuresDetailed description using the figures

D'autres particularités et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée d'au moins un mode de réalisation avantageux présenté ci-dessous, à titre d'illustration, en se référant aux dessins annexés. Ceux-ci montrent :

  • [Fig 1] une vue d'un premier mode de réalisation du présent dispositif de fixation de rail monté contre le patin d'un rail ;
  • [Fig 2] une vue éclatée du dispositif de la Figure 1 ;
  • [Fig 3] une vue de dessus du dispositif de la Figure 1, avec le corps dans sa position extrême distale ;
  • [Fig 4] une vue de dessus du dispositif de la Figure 1, avec le corps dans sa position extrême proximale ;
  • [Fig 5] une vue en perspective d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de fixation pour la fixation d'un rail sur une structure support ;
  • [Fig 6] une vue éclatée du dispositif de la Figure 5 ;
  • [Fig 7] une vue de dessus du dispositif de la Figure 5, avec le corps dans sa position extrême distale ;
  • [Fig 8] une vue de dessus du dispositif de la Figure 5, avec le corps dans sa position extrême proximale ;
  • [Fig 9] une vue en coupe suivant un plan 9-9 de la Figure 7, le dispositif étant monté contre un patin d'un rail ;
  • [Fig 10] une vue en coupe suivant un plan 10-10 de la Figure 8, le dispositif étant monté à l'écart d'un patin d'un rail ;
  • [Fig 11] une vue de dessus d'un troisième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de fixation pour la fixation d'un rail sur une structure support ;
  • [Fig 12] une vue en coupe du dispositif de la Fig. 11, avec le corps en position extrême distale ; et
  • [Fig 13] une vue en coupe du dispositif de la Fig. 11, avec le corps en position extrême proximale.
Other features and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the detailed description of at least one advantageous embodiment presented below, by way of illustration, with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show:
  • [ Fig 1 ] a view of a first embodiment of the present rail fixing device mounted against the pad of a rail;
  • [ Fig 2 ] an exploded view of the device of the Figure 1 ;
  • [ Fig 3 ] a top view of the device of the Figure 1 , with the body in its extreme distal position;
  • [ Fig 4 ] a top view of the device of the Figure 1 , with the body in its extreme proximal position;
  • [ Fig 5 ] a perspective view of a second embodiment of a fixing device for fixing a rail on a support structure;
  • [ Fig 6 ] an exploded view of the device of the Figure 5 ;
  • [ Fig 7 ] a top view of the device of the Figure 5 , with the body in its extreme distal position;
  • [ Fig 8 ] a top view of the device of the Figure 5 , with the body in its extreme proximal position;
  • [ Fig 9 ] a sectional view along a plane 9-9 of the Figure 7 , the device being mounted against a shoe of a rail;
  • [ Fig 10 ] a sectional view along a 10-10 plane of the Figure 8 , the device being mounted away from a shoe of a rail;
  • [ Fig 11 ] a top view of a third embodiment of a fixing device for fixing a rail on a support structure;
  • [ Fig 12 ] a sectional view of the device of the Fig. 11 , with the body in an extreme distal position; and
  • [ Fig 13 ] a sectional view of the device of the Fig. 11 , with the body in the extreme proximal position.

Un premier mode de réalisation du présent dispositif de fixation de rail sera décrit en relation avec les Figures 1 et 2. Le dispositif 10 comprend un corps 12 avec une patte de maintien 26, intégrale avec celui-ci, qui s'étend latéralement au-delà du corps 12 de sorte à venir au-dessus d'un patin latéral 14 d'un rail 15 de roulement (représenté de manière abstraite). Le corps 12 coopère avec une embase 16 fixée sur une structure de support 17 du rail 15, comme typiquement un longeron ou une platine de support. Une fois assemblé, le corps 12 est fixé typiquement en contact avec le patin 14. Le signe de référence 24 désigne une face de contact latérale du corps, sous la patte 26, orientée vers le patin.A first embodiment of the present rail fixing device will be described in relation to the Figures 1 and 2 . The device 10 comprises a body 12 with a retaining tab 26, integral with the latter, which extends laterally beyond the body 12 so as to come above a lateral shoe 14 of a rail 15 of bearing (shown abstractly). The body 12 cooperates with a base 16 fixed on a support structure 17 of the rail 15, as typically a spar or a support plate. Once assembled, the body 12 is typically fixed in contact with the pad 14. The reference sign 24 designates a lateral contact face of the body, under the tab 26, oriented towards the pad.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le corps 12 repose, par sa portion inférieure dite semelle 18 sur l'embase 16, qui est fixée à la structure de support par soudage. Ce type de dispositif 10 est ainsi communément appelé clip à souder.In this embodiment, the body 12 rests, by its lower portion called the sole 18 on the base 16, which is fixed to the support structure by welding. This type of device 10 is thus commonly called a welding clip.

Le corps 12 comporte un passage traversant 20, ici constitué par un trou oblong, destiné à loger un organe de fixation à vis 22.The body 12 has a through passage 20, here constituted by an oblong hole, intended to accommodate a screw fixing member 22.

L'organe de fixation 22 est généralement un boulon, et notamment un goujon 28 et un écrou 30. Le goujon 28 est engagé dans le passage 20 traversant du corps 12, du bas vers le haut et dépasse de la surface supérieure du corps 32 au niveau de laquelle l'écrou 30 est disposé. Dans les clips à souder, le goujon 28 est typiquement ancré dans l'embase 16 soudée. A cet effet, l'embase 16 est munie d'un logement formé par une encoche 34 permettant l'introduction du goujon 28 dans l'embase 16. De préférence, une tête 36 du goujon comporte un élément de blocage en rotation maintenu par complémentarité de forme dans l'encoche 34. Ici la tête 36 du goujon est de forme rectangulaire, tout comme l'encoche 34.The fixing member 22 is generally a bolt, and in particular a stud 28 and a nut 30. The stud 28 is engaged in the through passage 20 of the body 12, from the bottom up and protrudes from the upper surface of the body 32 to level of which the nut 30 is disposed. In the clips to be welded, the stud 28 is typically anchored in the welded base 16. For this purpose, the base 16 is provided with a housing formed by a notch 34 allowing the insertion of the stud 28 in the base 16. Preferably, a head 36 of the stud comprises a rotation blocking element maintained by complementarity shaped in the notch 34. Here the head 36 of the stud is rectangular, just like the notch 34.

Lorsque le clip à souder 10 est fixé comme montré à la Figure 1, la face de contact 24 est tournée vers le rail, et vient en contact avec un bord extérieur 38 du patin 14 du rail pour limiter le déplacement latéral du rail.When the welding clip 10 is attached as shown in the Figure 1 , the contact face 24 is turned towards the rail, and comes into contact with an outer edge 38 of the shoe 14 of the rail to limit the lateral movement of the rail.

La patte de maintien 26 s'étend au-dessus du patin, depuis le corps 12, dans un plan sensiblement horizontal. La patte 26 a pour but de limiter le mouvement vertical du rail. Elle porte sur une face supérieure 40 du patin par l'intermédiaire d'un nez de compression 42. Le nez 42 est fixé dans une face inférieure dite face de maintien 44 de la patte 26, tournée vers la face supérieure 40 du patin 14.The retaining tab 26 extends above the shoe, from the body 12, in a substantially horizontal plane. The purpose of tab 26 is to limit the vertical movement of the rail. It bears on an upper face 40 of the pad via a compression nose 42. The nose 42 is fixed in a lower face called the holding face 44 of the tab 26, facing the upper face 40 of the shoe 14.

On appréciera que le nez de compression 42 est fixé à la patte de maintien 26 par des moyens de fixations amovibles 46. Le nez 42 peut ainsi être fixé au corps 12 du dispositif 10, puis retiré du corps 12 sans impact sur la qualité et la fonctionnalité des autres éléments du clip 10.It will be appreciated that the compression nose 42 is fixed to the retaining tab 26 by removable fixing means 46. The nose 42 can thus be fixed to the body 12 of the device 10, then removed from the body 12 without impacting the quality and functionality of other clip elements 10.

Le nez de compression 42, aussi appelé coussinet de compression, se présente sous la forme d'une barrette avec une section sensiblement rectangulaire ou trapézoïdale, qui comporte une face de fixation 48 en contact avec la face de maintien 44 de la patte 26, et une face portante 50 opposée en contact avec la face supérieure 40 du patin 14 du rail.The compression nose 42, also called compression pad, is in the form of a bar with a substantially rectangular or trapezoidal section, which has a fixing face 48 in contact with the holding face 44 of the tab 26, and an opposite bearing face 50 in contact with the upper face 40 of the shoe 14 of the rail.

La hauteur du nez 42 entre la face de fixation 48 et la face portante 50 est choisie en fonction de la hauteur du patin du rail sur lequel le dispositif 10 doit être monté. Le dispositif 10 est donc adaptable à différents types de rails par modification du profil du nez 42 qui est attaché à la patte 26.The height of the nose 42 between the fixing face 48 and the bearing face 50 is chosen as a function of the height of the shoe of the rail on which the device 10 is to be mounted. The device 10 is therefore adaptable to different types of rails by modifying the profile of the nose 42 which is attached to the tab 26.

La face portante 50 du nez 42 peut être plane ou, comme montré aux figures, concave. Lorsque le nez 42 est réalisé dans un matériau élastique, la concavité de la face inférieure permet au nez 42 de se déformer contre le patin et d'épouser la forme du patin pour augmenter sa surface de contact.The bearing face 50 of the nose 42 can be flat or, as shown in the figures, concave. When the nose 42 is made of an elastic material, the concavity of the lower face allows the nose 42 to deform against the pad and to conform to the shape of the pad to increase its contact surface.

La face de fixation 48 comprend une partie plane 52 correspondant avec la face de maintien de la patte 26 du corps 12, et comprend deux tenons 46. Ces tenons peuvent être par exemple cylindriques et/ou coniques.The fixing face 48 comprises a flat part 52 corresponding with the holding face of the tab 26 of the body 12, and comprises two studs 46. These studs can for example be cylindrical and / or conical.

Les tenons 46 viennent se loger dans des trous 54 traversants de la patte de maintien 26 ; les trous 54 ayant un profil pouvant être cylindrique et/ou conique, compatible avec les tenons 46. L'assemblage du nez se fait dans ce cas par enfoncement des tenons 46 dans les trous 54 de la patte de maintien, notamment par pressage. Le procédé d'assemblage est ainsi très rapide, et ne fait pas intervenir de machine couteuse ou complexe. L'ensemble tenons / trous forme ainsi un moyen de fixation amovible du nez. Les tenons sont dimensionnés pour permettre leur introduction en force dans les trous 54 et une fixation par ajustement serré. On notera que la force de maintien des tenons 46 n'est pas critique, car en utilisation le nez 42 est comprimé contre la patte est ne risque pas de se détacher. Le nez peut être facilement détaché de la patte de maintien en dégageant les tenons des trous.The pins 46 are housed in holes 54 passing through the retaining tab 26; the holes 54 having a profile which can be cylindrical and / or conical, compatible with the pins 46. The assembly of the nose is done in this case by pressing the pins 46 into the holes 54 of the retaining tab, in particular by pressing. The assembly process is thus very fast, and does not involve an expensive or complex machine. The stud / hole assembly thus forms a removable means of fixing the nose. The posts are dimensioned to allow their introduction into force into the holes 54 and a fixing by tight fit. Note that the holding force of the pins 46 is not critical, because in use the nose 42 is compressed against the tab is not likely to come off. The nose can be easily detached from the retaining tab by releasing the studs from the holes.

L'homme du métier comprendra que tous moyens de fixation appropriés peuvent être utilisés pour réaliser une liaison amovible entre le nez 42 de compression et la patte de maintien 26 du corps du dispositif.Those skilled in the art will understand that any suitable fixing means can be used to make a removable connection between the compression nose 42 and the retaining tab 26 of the body of the device.

Selon les variantes, les moyens de fixations peuvent comprendre un système de fixation par déformation élastique, un système de fixation par complémentarité de forme comme par exemple une liaison en queue d'aronde, ou encore un système de fixation par vissage, rivetage ou par serrage du nez contre la face inférieure de la patte de maintien.According to the variants, the fixing means can comprise a fixing system by elastic deformation, a fixing system by complementary shape such as for example a dovetail connection, or even a fixing system by screwing, riveting or tightening nose against the underside of the retaining tab.

Le nez de compression 42 est de préférence réalisé en un matériau élastomère. Le matériau élastomère est avantageusement adapté à l'environnement dans lequel sera placé le rail. Ainsi, on pourra choisir un matériau élastomère résistant aux UV, à l'eau de mer, ou à des températures allant jusqu'à 100-120 °C. On préférera un procédé de fabrication du nez par moulage par injection, mais il est entendu que tout procédé de fabrication adéquat peut être utilisé. Dans des installations où l'environnement est plus contraignant comme par exemple dans une installation de type four, le nez de compression peut aussi être réalisé en matériau métallique, par exemple en acier de type S355 ou équivalents.The compression nose 42 is preferably made of an elastomeric material. The elastomeric material is advantageously adapted to the environment in which the rail will be placed. Thus, one can choose an elastomeric material resistant to UV, sea water, or temperatures up to 100-120 ° C. A method of manufacturing the nose by injection molding is preferred, but it is understood that any suitable manufacturing method can be used. In installations where the environment is more restrictive, for example in an installation of the oven type, the compression nose can also be made of metallic material, for example of steel of type S355 or the like.

La face de maintien 44 comprend de préférence un léger renfoncement (environ 1 mm de profondeur) dans lequel vient se loger la base du nez 42. Lorsque le dispositif est monté contre le patin de rail le nez est ainsi maintenu à sa base contre des efforts transversaux et longitudinaux, ce qui permet d'éviter les problèmes de cisaillement.The retaining face 44 preferably comprises a slight recess (about 1 mm deep) in which the base of the nose 42 is housed. When the device is mounted against the rail pad, the nose is thus held at its base against forces transverse and longitudinal, which avoids shearing problems.

Le dispositif 10 est en outre conçu pour permettre d'ajuster la position du corps 12 par rapport au rail, lorsque l'organe de fixation 22 est engagé dans le passage traversant 20 (et donc fixe). Dans cette variante, la forme oblongue du passage traversant 20 forme un moyen de positionnement qui va permettre de déplacer le corps 12 sur l'embase 16 (fixe) en translation horizontale en direction du patin 14 du rail.The device 10 is further designed to allow the position of the body 12 to be adjusted relative to the rail, when the fixing member 22 is engaged in the through passage 20 (and therefore fixed). In this variant, the oblong shape of the through passage 20 forms a positioning means which will make it possible to move the body 12 on the base 16 (fixed) in horizontal translation towards the shoe 14 of the rail.

L'embase 16 est une pièce sensiblement plate qui repose par sa face inférieure 58 sur la structure de support 17 du rail et qui comporte une face supérieure 60 opposée supportant le corps 12 du dispositif 10. L'embase 16 comporte des faces verticales joignant la face inférieure 58 à la face supérieure 60. Les faces verticales comprennent une face avant 62 tournée vers le patin 14 du rail, une face arrière 64 opposée à la face avant et deux faces latérales 66. La soudure est généralement réalisée tout autour de l'embase 16.The base 16 is a substantially flat part which rests by its lower face 58 on the support structure 17 of the rail and which has an opposite upper face 60 supporting the body 12 of the device 10. The base 16 has vertical faces joining the lower face 58 to upper face 60. The vertical faces include a front face 62 facing the shoe 14 of the rail, a rear face 64 opposite the front face and two lateral faces 66. The welding is generally carried out all around the base 16.

Le corps 12 comporte une face inférieure 75 qui repose sur la face supérieure 60 de l'embase. Le dispositif 10 est conçu de sorte que le déplacement du corps 12 sur l'embase soit guidé. Une première face de guidage 68 verticale, oblique, joignant la face avant 62 et une face latérale 66, est aménagée pour permettre le guidage du corps 12 sur l'embase 16. L'embase 16 comporte un élément saillant 70 au-dessus de sa face supérieure 60, et l'élément saillant 70 comprend une seconde face de guidage 72 parallèle à la première face de guidage 68.The body 12 has a lower face 75 which rests on the upper face 60 of the base. The device 10 is designed so that the movement of the body 12 on the base is guided. A first oblique vertical guide face 68 joining the front face 62 and a side face 66 is arranged to allow the body 12 to be guided on the base 16. The base 16 has a protruding element 70 above its upper face 60, and the projecting element 70 comprises a second guide face 72 parallel to the first guide face 68.

La semelle 18 du corps 12 qui repose sur l'embase 16 comprend deux faces de translation 74, parallèles, verticales, disposées en regard des faces de guidage 68, 72 de l'embase 16. Les deux faces de guidage 68, 72 font ainsi office de butées de guidage pour les faces de translation 74 du corps 12.The sole 18 of the body 12 which rests on the base 16 comprises two translation faces 74, parallel, vertical, arranged opposite the guide faces 68, 72 of the base 16. The two guide faces 68, 72 do so office of guide stops for the translation faces 74 of the body 12.

On notera que le trou oblong 20 est orienté dans sa longueur suivant une direction parallèle aux faces de translation 74. Ainsi, même lorsque l'organe de fixation 22 est inséré dans le passage 20, le corps peut coulisser contre les faces de guidage 68, 72 de l'embase 16, entre deux positions : une position extrême distale représentée à la Figure 3, dans laquelle le corps 12 est à l'écart du patin 14 ; et une position extrême proximale, représentée à la Figure 4, dans laquelle le corps 12 est en contact avec le patin 14.It will be noted that the oblong hole 20 is oriented in its length in a direction parallel to the translation faces 74. Thus, even when the fixing member 22 is inserted in the passage 20, the body can slide against the guide faces 68, 72 of the base 16, between two positions: an extreme distal position shown in the Figure 3 , wherein the body 12 is spaced from the shoe 14; and an extreme proximal position, shown in Figure 4 , in which the body 12 is in contact with the shoe 14.

De manière avantageuse, la face supérieure 60 de l'embase 16 comporte une inclinaison, non visible, par rapport à la face inférieure 58, qui est orientée dans la direction de coulissement du corps. Cette inclinaison crée une augmentation d'épaisseur de l'embase 16 du bord proximal du rail vers le bord distal du rail. La face inférieure 75 du corps 12 comprend alors une inclinaison similaire à l'inclinaison de l'embase 16, avec une épaisseur plus faible du côté proximal du rail. Ces inclinaisons complémentaires impliquent une augmentation de l'épaisseur totale du clip lorsque le corps 12 s'éloigne du rail sur l'embase 16 (de la configuration Fig.4 vers celle de Fig.3), ce qui fait augmenter la force de serrage appliquée par l'écrou et permet un effet d'auto-serrage ou auto-blocage.Advantageously, the upper face 60 of the base 16 has an inclination, not visible, relative to the lower face 58, which is oriented in the sliding direction of the body. This tilt creates an increase of thickness of the base 16 from the proximal edge of the rail to the distal edge of the rail. The lower face 75 of the body 12 then comprises an inclination similar to the inclination of the base 16, with a smaller thickness on the proximal side of the rail. These complementary inclinations imply an increase in the total thickness of the clip when the body 12 moves away from the rail on the base 16 (from the configuration Fig. 4 towards that of Fig. 3 ), which increases the clamping force applied by the nut and allows a self-tightening or self-locking effect.

Après installation et positionnement du corps, l'écrou est vissé de sorte à bloquer le dispositif en position.After installation and positioning of the body, the nut is screwed so as to lock the device in position.

Un deuxième mode de réalisation du dispositif 110 de fixation de rail va maintenant être décrit en référence aux Figures 5 à 10. Ce mode de réalisation est décrit en comparaison avec le premier mode de réalisation, les éléments identiques ou similaires sont désignés par les mêmes signes de référence, augmentés de 100.A second embodiment of the rail fixing device 110 will now be described with reference to Figures 5 to 10 . This embodiment is described in comparison with the first embodiment, identical or similar elements are designated by the same reference signs, increased by 100.

Dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, le dispositif 110 comprend un corps 112 apte à être disposé directement contre une structure de support du rail 117 au moyen d'un organe de fixation 122 traversant le corps 112.In this second embodiment, the device 110 comprises a body 112 able to be disposed directly against a support structure of the rail 117 by means of a fixing member 122 passing through the body 112.

L'organe de fixation 122 est ici un boulon comprenant une vis 129 et un écrou 130. On comprendra que la vis peut être insérée dans un orifice de la structure de support ou rattachée à celle-ci par tout moyen approprié, afin d'assurer l'ancrage de la vis 129 dans le support de voie. Le dispositif de fixation 110 du deuxième mode de réalisation est communément appelé clip à boulonner.The fixing member 122 is here a bolt comprising a screw 129 and a nut 130. It will be understood that the screw can be inserted into an orifice of the support structure or attached to it by any suitable means, in order to ensure anchoring the screw 129 in the track support. The fixing device 110 of the second embodiment is commonly called a bolt-on clip.

Le corps 112 repose sur la structure de support 117 de rail par sa partie inférieure dite semelle 118, et comporte une face de contact 124 orientée vers le patin. Le signe de référence 126 désigne une patte de maintien intégrale avec le corps 112 et faisant saillie au-delà de la face de contact 124, donc au-delà du corps 112. La face de contact 124 et la patte de maintien 126 sont agencées de manière similaire au premier mode de réalisation. Ainsi, la patte de maintien 126 comporte une face de maintien 144 tournée vers une face supérieure 140 du patin 114, et un nez de compression 142, en forme de barrette, est fixé à la face de maintien 144 par des moyens de fixations amovibles 146, constitués ici par des tenons faisant saillie depuis la face arrière du nez.The body 112 rests on the support structure 117 of the rail by its lower part called the sole 118, and has a contact face 124 oriented towards the shoe. The reference sign 126 designates a retaining tab integral with the body 112 and projecting beyond the contact face 124, therefore beyond the body 112. The contact face 124 and the retaining tab 126 are arranged similar to the first embodiment. Thus, the retaining tab 126 has a retaining face 144 facing an upper face 140 of the shoe 114, and a compression nose 142, in the form of bar, is fixed to the holding face 144 by removable fixing means 146, constituted here by studs projecting from the rear face of the nose.

Le dispositif 110 comporte aussi des moyens de positionnement permettant d'ajuster la position du corps 112 par rapport au rail, lorsque l'organe de fixation est engagé dans un passage traversant 120. Les moyens de positionnement diffèrent de ceux du premier mode de réalisation. Ceux-ci comportent une came excentrique 178 montée sur la vis 129 et logée dans un passage formé par le passage traversant 120, globalement circulaire.The device 110 also includes positioning means making it possible to adjust the position of the body 112 relative to the rail, when the fixing member is engaged in a through passage 120. The positioning means differ from those of the first embodiment. These comprise an eccentric cam 178 mounted on the screw 129 and housed in a passage formed by the through passage 120, generally circular.

La came 178 est une pièce globalement cylindrique de révolution avec une surface latérale en étages. Du côté de la face supérieure 132 du corps 112, elle est surmontée par une tête constituée par une collerette extérieure 180 de contour hexagonal. La came 178 est pivotante dans l'ouverture 120 autour d'un axe R1 passant sensiblement par le centre du passage 120 (cf. Fig.9). Le signe de référence 182 désigne un orifice traversant, excentré par rapport à l'axe de rotation R1 de la came, qui permet le passage de la vis 129 à travers la came 178, et donc à travers le corps 112. L'axe R2 est également au centre de la collerette 180. La collerette extérieure 180 peut être engagée par une clé appropriée de manière à faire tourner la came 178 autour de l'axe R2 de la vis 129. L'écrou 130 est vissé sur la partie de la vis 129 dépassant de la tête.Cam 178 is a generally cylindrical part of revolution with a lateral surface in stages. On the side of the upper face 132 of the body 112, it is surmounted by a head constituted by an external flange 180 of hexagonal outline. The cam 178 is pivotable in the opening 120 around an axis R 1 passing substantially through the center of the passage 120 (cf. Fig. 9 ). The reference sign 182 designates a through hole, eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation R 1 of the cam, which allows the passage of the screw 129 through the cam 178, and therefore through the body 112. The axis R 2 is also at the center of the collar 180. The external collar 180 can be engaged by an appropriate key so as to rotate the cam 178 around the axis R 2 of the screw 129. The nut 130 is screwed onto the part of the screw 129 protruding from the head.

Lorsqu'on fait tourner la came 178 dans le passage 120, celle-ci se déplace horizontalement autour de la vis 129, entrainant le déplaçant du corps 112 entre deux positions : une position de départ, représentée aux Figures 8 et 10, dans laquelle la came est orientée de sorte que le trou 182 est en position distal du rail, le corps 112 étant normalement monté en contact avec le patin 114 ; et une position dite haute (voir après) représentée aux Figures 7 et 9, dans laquelle la came a tourné d'environ un demi-tour et le trou 182 se trouve en position proximale du rail, le corps 112 étant alors à l'écart du patin 114.When the cam 178 is rotated in the passage 120, it moves horizontally around the screw 129, causing the displacement of the body 112 between two positions: a starting position, shown in Figures 8 and 10 , wherein the cam is oriented so that the hole 182 is in the distal position of the rail, the body 112 being normally mounted in contact with the shoe 114; and a so-called high position (see below) shown in Figures 7 and 9 , in which the cam has rotated about half a turn and the hole 182 is in the position proximal to the rail, the body 112 then being away from the shoe 114.

Les deux positions extrêmes de la came 178 sont délimitées par un doigt 184 formé dans une paroi interne 176 du passage traversant 120, et comportant deux faces de butée 190 limitant la rotation de la came 178. A cet effet la came porte au niveau de sa section supérieure un segment annulaire 185 saillant s'étendant sur environ 180°.The two extreme positions of the cam 178 are delimited by a finger 184 formed in an internal wall 176 of the through passage 120, and comprising two abutment faces 190 limiting the rotation of the cam 178. For this purpose the cam carries at its upper section a projecting annular segment 185 extending over approximately 180 °.

L'interaction entre la came 178 et le corps 112 via la paroi interne 176 va maintenant être décrite en détails.The interaction between the cam 178 and the body 112 via the internal wall 176 will now be described in detail.

La paroi interne 176 définit un passage globalement conique : on distingue une section d'entrée 188, une section intermédiaire 187 conique (tronconique) et une section inférieure 186 circulaire droite. La section de passage se réduit en direction de la section inférieure.The internal wall 176 defines a generally conical passage: there is an inlet section 188, an intermediate section 187 conical (frustoconical) and a lower circular section 186 straight. The passage section is reduced in the direction of the lower section.

De manière similaire, la came 178 a un corps globalement conique et comprend une paroi latérale 200 présentant une section supérieure 202, une section intermédiaire conique 204 et une section inférieure 206 circulaire de diamètre réduit.Similarly, the cam 178 has a generally conical body and comprises a side wall 200 having an upper section 202, a conical intermediate section 204 and a circular lower section 206 of reduced diameter.

Des filets 208 et 210 sont prévus respectivement sur la paroi 200 de la came 178 et la paroi 176, sur environ un tour, au niveau des parties coniques. Dans la position des Figures 7 et 8 la came 178 est vissée dans l'ouverture, en butée sur le doigt 184. On observe que les formes de la came 178 et de l'ouverture 120 sont complémentaires.Threads 208 and 210 are provided respectively on the wall 200 of the cam 178 and the wall 176, over approximately one revolution, at the level of the conical parts. In the position of Figures 7 and 8 the cam 178 is screwed into the opening, abutting on the finger 184. It is observed that the shapes of the cam 178 and the opening 120 are complementary.

Lorsque la came 178 est tournée dans l'ouverture, elle suit les filets et est entrainée en translation verticale. La rotation de la came 178 est limitée à 180°, en raison de la configuration de la section supérieure 202 qui comporte deux portions avec des extensions radiales différentes (en raison du segment annulaire 185) qui s'étendent respectivement sur environ une demi-circonférence du passage.When the cam 178 is turned in the opening, it follows the threads and is driven in vertical translation. The rotation of the cam 178 is limited to 180 °, due to the configuration of the upper section 202 which has two portions with different radial extensions (due to the annular segment 185) which extend respectively over approximately a half-circumference of the passage.

La construction du présent dispositif 110 est avantageuse en ce sens que dans toutes les positions angulaires de la came 178, celle-ci est en contact, via les filets, avec le corps 112 à travers une surface inclinée par rapport à l'axe de l'organe de fixation 122. Cela permet de distribuer circonférentiellement les forces de la came sur le corps, ce qui minimise les usures localisées.The construction of the present device 110 is advantageous in that in all the angular positions of the cam 178, the latter is in contact, via the threads, with the body 112 through a surface inclined relative to the axis of the fixing member 122. This makes it possible to circumferentially distribute the forces of the cam on the body, which minimizes localized wear.

On remarquera aussi que le sens du filet est tel que lorsque la came 178 tourne dans la direction qui permet l'éloignement du rail (de la position de départ vers la position haute), la came monte 178. Cette mesure constructive permet un autoblocage du clip 110. Une fois le clip monté, les forces tendant à faire tourner le corps par rapport à la came se voient opposer une augmentation de la force de serrage, en raison de l'élévation de la came 178.It will also be noted that the direction of the thread is such that when the cam 178 rotates in the direction which allows the distance from the rail (from the starting position towards the high position), the cam goes up 178. This constructive measure allows the clip 110 to self-lock. Once the clip is mounted, the forces tending to rotate the body relative to the cam are opposed to an increase in the clamping force, due to the elevation of the cam 178.

Reste à noter que si dans les deux variantes ci-dessus chaque dispositif 110 est conçu pour être monté avec un organe de fixation à vis, il peut y en avoir plusieurs. Dans ce cas, on aura un corps qui comprend des passages traversants distincts pour les organes de fixation, et des moyens de positionnement distincts associé à chacun des organes de fixation.It remains to note that if in the two variants above each device 110 is designed to be mounted with a screw fixing member, there may be several. In this case, there will be a body which comprises separate through passages for the fixing members, and separate positioning means associated with each of the fixing members.

Pour deux boulons de fixation, dans la variante du clip à souder, on aura par exemple un corps avec une seule patte mais deux orifices longitudinaux parallèles, traversés chacun par un boulon. Les deux boulons sont ancrés dans une seule embase.For two fixing bolts, in the variant of the clip to be welded, there will for example be a body with a single tab but two parallel longitudinal holes, each crossed by a bolt. The two bolts are anchored in a single base.

Dans la variante du clip à boulonner, on aura un corps avec deux passages traversants et donc une came excentrique dans chaque passage.In the variant of the clip to be bolted, there will be a body with two through passages and therefore an eccentric cam in each passage.

Enfin, une dernière variante du dispositif de fixation de rail, désigné 211, est représentée aux Figures 11 à 13. La conception du dispositif 211 est très similaire à celle du dispositif 110. Les éléments similaires ou identiques sont donc désignés par les mêmes signes de référence, augmentés de 100.Finally, a last variant of the rail fixing device, designated 211, is shown in Figures 11 to 13 . The design of device 211 is very similar to that of device 110. Similar or identical elements are therefore designated by the same reference signs, increased by 100.

On reconnaitra dans les figures le corps 212 apte à être disposé directement contre une structure de support du rail au moyen d'un organe de fixation 222 traversant le corps 212 et comprenant une vis 229 et un écrou 230.In the figures, the body 212 can be recognized capable of being placed directly against a support structure of the rail by means of a fixing member 222 passing through the body 212 and comprising a screw 229 and a nut 230.

Le corps 212 repose sur la structure de support de rail par sa partie inférieure dite semelle 218, et comporte une face de contact 224 orientée en utilisation vers le patin du rail. Le signe de référence 226 désigne une patte de maintien intégrale avec le corps 212 et faisant saillie au-delà de la face de contact 224. Ainsi, la patte de maintien 126 comporte une face de maintien 244 tournée en utilisation vers une face supérieure du patin de rail. Un nez de compression 242, en forme de barrette, est fixé à la face de maintien 244 par des moyens de fixations amovibles 246, constitués ici par des tenons faisant saillie depuis la face arrière du nez en engagés en forces dans des trous dans la patte de maintien 246.The body 212 rests on the rail support structure by its lower part called the sole 218, and has a contact face 224 oriented in use towards the shoe of the rail. The reference sign 226 designates a retaining tab integral with the body 212 and projecting beyond the contact face 224. Thus, the retaining tab 126 comprises a retaining face 244 turned in use towards an upper face of the pad of rail. A compression nose 242, in the form of a bar, is fixed to the retaining face 244 by means of removable fasteners 246, constituted here by tenons projecting from the rear face of the nose forcibly engaged in holes in the holding tab 246.

Le dispositif 211 se distingue principalement du dispositif 110 en ce qu'il comprend une came excentrique 278 simplifiée, sans pas de vis. La came 278 est donc une pièce globalement cylindrique de révolution avec une surface latérale en étages. On distingue une section supérieure cylindrique 302, surmontée par une tête constituée par une collerette extérieure 280 de contour hexagonal ; une partie intermédiaire tronconique 304, et une partie inférieure cylindrique droite 306.The device 211 differs mainly from the device 110 in that it comprises a simplified eccentric cam 278, without a screw. The cam 278 is therefore a generally cylindrical part of revolution with a lateral surface in stages. There is a cylindrical upper section 302, surmounted by a head constituted by an outer flange 280 of hexagonal outline; a frustoconical intermediate part 304, and a straight cylindrical lower part 306.

La came est pivotante dans l'ouverture 220 autour de l'axe R1 passant sensiblement par le centre du passage 220. La vis 229 traverse la came 278 à travers un orifice traversant 282, excentré par rapport à l'axe de rotation R1 de la came. L'orifice traversant 282 d'axe R2 est aligné avec la collerette 280.The cam is pivotable in the opening 220 around the axis R 1 passing substantially through the center of the passage 220. The screw 229 crosses the cam 278 through a through orifice 282, eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation R 1 of the cam. The through hole 282 of axis R 2 is aligned with the flange 280.

Le passage 220 du corps 212 a un profil intérieur adapté au profil de la came 278. La paroi interne définit un passage globalement conique : on distingue une section d'entrée 188, une section intermédiaire 287 conique (tronconique) et une section inférieure 286 circulaire droite. La section de passage 220 se réduit en direction de la section inférieure.The passage 220 of the body 212 has an internal profile adapted to the profile of the cam 278. The internal wall defines a generally conical passage: there is an inlet section 188, an intermediate section 287 conical (frustoconical) and a circular lower section 286 right. The passage section 220 is reduced in the direction of the lower section.

La paroi interne du passage 220 et la surface extérieure de la came 278 sont lisses et de dimensions correspondantes, au jeu de fonctionnement près.The internal wall of the passage 220 and the external surface of the cam 278 are smooth and of corresponding dimensions, apart from the operating clearance.

En engageant une clé sur la collerette extérieure 280, on peut faire tourner la came 178 autour de l'axe R2 de la vis 129. Contrairement à la variante des figures 7 à 10, il n'y a pas d'élévation de la came.By engaging a key on the outer flange 280, the cam 178 can be rotated around the axis R 2 of the screw 129. Unlike the variant of the figures 7 to 10 , there is no elevation of the cam.

Lorsque le dispositif 211 est vissé sur une voie, la came 278 chargée par la vis 222 sur le corps 212 est donc en contact intime avec celui-ci, selon une surface circulaire correspondant aux sections coniques 287 et 304 en regard de la came et du corps.When the device 211 is screwed onto a track, the cam 278 loaded by the screw 222 on the body 212 is therefore in intimate contact with the latter, according to a circular surface corresponding to the conical sections 287 and 304 facing the cam and the body.

La rotation de la came 278 est limitée par une butée 284 positionnée dans la partie haute du passage 220. La butée 284 fait saillie dans le passage 220 et coopère avec un segment annulaire 285 en saillie sur la face latérale de la section 302. Le segment annulaire 285 s'étend sur environ 150° et permet de limiter la rotation de la came à environ 180°.The rotation of the cam 278 is limited by a stop 284 positioned in the upper part of the passage 220. The stop 284 projects into the passage 220 and cooperates with an annular segment 285 projecting from the lateral face of the section 302. The annular segment 285 extends over approximately 150 ° and makes it possible to limit the rotation of the cam to approximately 180 °.

Les figures 11 et 12 représentent la came 278 dans une première position de butée, la tête 280 étant proche du nez 226 : c'est la position dite distale, similaire aux figures 7 et 9. La position extrême opposée de la came 278 est représentée à la figure 13, et correspond à la position proximale des figures 8 et 10.The Figures 11 and 12 represent the cam 278 in a first stop position, the head 280 being close to the nose 226: this is the so-called distal position, similar to the figures 7 and 9 . The extreme opposite position of the cam 278 is shown in the figure 13 , and corresponds to the proximal position of the figures 8 and 10 .

Claims (12)

Dispositif de fixation pour la fixation d'un rail sur une structure support, le dispositif de fixation comprenant: un corps (12 ; 112 ; 212) apte à être fixé le long d'un rail (15) sur la structure support au moyen d'un organe de fixation à vis (22 ; 122 ; 222) engagé à travers le corps ; une patte de maintien (26 ; 126 ; 226) configurée pour s'étendre depuis le corps au-dessus d'un patin du rail ; et un nez de compression (42 ; 142 ; 242) fixé sur une face (44 ; 144 ; 244) de la patte de maintien tournée vers le patin du rail et destinée à prendre appui sur une face supérieure du patin de rail ; dans lequel, le dispositif comporte en outre des moyens de positionnement permettant d'ajuster la position du corps (12 ; 112 ; 212) par rapport au rail lorsque l'organe de fixation est engagé à travers le corps ; et caractérisé en ce que lequel le nez de compression (42 ; 142 ; 242) est fixé à la patte de maintien par des moyens de fixation amovibles, le nez (42 ; 142 ; 242) prenant la forme d'une barrette, la dite barrette comportant une face de fixation (48) en contact avec la face de maintien de la patte (26) de fixation, et une face portante (50) opposée, destinée à venir en contact avec la face supérieure (40) du patin (14) du rail ; et en ce que au moins deux tenons (46) font saillie à partir de la face de fixation (48) du nez (42) et sont engagés en force dans des trous (54) dans la patte (26). Fixing device for fixing a rail to a support structure, the fixing device comprising: a body (12; 112; 212) adapted to be fixed along a rail (15) on the support structure by means of a screw fixing member (22; 122; 222) engaged through the body; a holding tab (26; 126; 226) configured to extend from the body above a pad on the rail; and a compression nose (42; 142; 242) fixed on one face (44; 144; 244) of the retaining tab facing the rail pad and intended to bear on an upper face of the rail pad; wherein, the device further comprises positioning means making it possible to adjust the position of the body (12; 112; 212) relative to the rail when the fixing member is engaged through the body; and characterized in that the compression nose (42; 142; 242) is fixed to the retaining lug by removable fixing means, the nose (42; 142; 242) taking the form of a bar, the said bar comprising a fixing face (48) in contact with the holding face of the fixing lug (26), and an opposite bearing face (50), intended to come into contact with the upper face (40) of the shoe (14) rail; and in that at least two studs (46) protrude from the fixing face (48) of the nose (42) and are force-fitted into holes (54) in the tab (26). Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le nez (42 ; 142 ; 242) a la forme d'une barrette de section sensiblement rectangulaire ou trapézoïdale.Fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the nose (42; 142; 242) has the shape of a bar of substantially rectangular or trapezoidal section. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel les trous (54) dans la patte (26) recevant les tenons (46) sont traversants.Fastening device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the holes (54) in the lug (26) receiving the studs (46) are through. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2 ou 3, dans lequel le nez est en un matériau élastomère ou en métal.Fastening device according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein the nose is made of an elastomeric material or metal. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel
le corps (12) comprend un passage traversant en forme de trou oblong (20) ; et
l'organe de fixation (22) est ancré dans une embase fixe (16) supportant le corps (12), soudée à la structure de support du rail, et est engagé dans le passage traversant (20) ;
l'embase (16) comprenant de préférence des faces (68, 72) de guidage en translation du corps (12).Fastening device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
the body (12) comprises a through passage in the form of an oblong hole (20); and
the fixing member (22) is anchored in a fixed base (16) supporting the body (12), welded to the support structure of the rail, and is engaged in the through passage (20);
the base (16) preferably comprising faces (68, 72) for guiding the body (12) in translation. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les moyens de positionnement comprennent une came (178; 278) logée dans le corps (112 ; 212) et comprenant un passage traversant (182 ; 282) pour l'organe de fixation (122 ; 222), la came étant mobile dans le corps de sorte à permettre la modification de la position relative de l'organe de fixation par rapport au corps.Fastening device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the positioning means comprise a cam (178; 278) housed in the body (112; 212) and comprising a through passage (182; 282) for the fixing member (122; 222), the cam being movable in the body so as to allow the modification of the relative position of the fixing member with respect to the body. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la came (178 ; 278) est logée dans un passage traversant cylindrique (120 ; 220),
la came est mobile en rotation dans ledit passage cylindrique autour d'un axe de pivotement (R1) passant par son centre, le passage traversant (182 ; 282) pour l'organe de fixation est décalé de l'axe de pivotement (R1).Fastening device according to claim 6, in which the cam (178; 278) is housed in a cylindrical through passage (120; 220),
the cam is movable in rotation in said cylindrical passage around a pivot axis (R 1 ) passing through its center, the through passage (182; 282) for the fixing member is offset from the pivot axis (R 1 ). Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel la came (178 ; 278) comprend une surface latérale avec une portion annulaire (204 ; 304) de forme effilée, en particulier conique, qui s'appuie sur une surface (187 ; 287) correspondante de la paroi interne du passage cylindrique.Fastening device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the cam (178; 278) comprises a lateral surface with an annular portion (204; 304) of tapered shape, in particular conical, which rests on a surface (187; 287) corresponding to the internal wall of the cylindrical passage. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6, 7 ou 8, dans lequel le passage traversant (120 ; 220) comprend un taraudage, et la came (178; 278) comprend un filetage correspondant au taraudage du passage ; et
dans lequel le filetage et taraudage sont préférablement configurés de sorte qu'en position complètement vissée de la came, dite position de départ, le passage traversant pour l'organe de fixation est dans une position distale de la patte, et après une rotation d'environ un demi-tour, la came est en position haute, surélevée par rapport à la position de départ, et le passage traversant pour l'organe de fixation est dans une position proximale de la patte.Fastening device according to any one of claims 6, 7 or 8, wherein the through passage (120; 220) comprises a thread, and the cam (178; 278) comprises a thread corresponding to the thread of the passage; and
in which the thread and tapping are preferably configured so that in the fully screwed position of the cam, called the starting position, the through passage for the fixing member is in a position distal from the tab, and after a rotation of about half a turn, the cam is in the high position, raised relative to the starting position, and the through passage for the fixing member is in a position proximal to the tab. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, dans lequel le passage comprend une butée de blocage en rotation de la came, la partie supérieure de la came étant conformée pour coopérer avec ladite came de sorte à limiter la rotation à moins d'un tour, en particulier environ 1 demi-tour.Fastening device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, in which the passage comprises a stop for blocking the rotation of the cam, the upper part of the cam being shaped to cooperate with said cam so as to limit rotation unless of a turn, in particular approximately 1 half-turn. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, dans lequel une collerette (180 ; 280) fait saillie sur la face supérieure de la came (178; 278) et entoure le passage traversant (182; 282) de l'organe de fixation, la collerette ayant un contour extérieur adapté pour être en prise avec un outil permettant d'appliquer un mouvement de rotation à la came, le contour extérieur étant préférablement hexagonal.Fastening device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, in which a flange (180; 280) projects from the upper face of the cam (178; 278) and surrounds the through passage (182; 282) of the fixing member, the flange having an external contour adapted to be engaged with a tool making it possible to apply a rotational movement to the cam, the external contour preferably being hexagonal. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'organe de fixation comporte une vis (28 ; 129 ; 229) dont la tête est logée sous le corps et un écrou (30 ; 130 ; 230) vissé sur l'extrémité de vis dépassant du passage traversant (20 ; 182 ; 282) et mis en charge contre le corps (12), respectivement la came (178 ; 278).Fixing device according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the fixing member comprises a screw (28; 129; 229) the head of which is housed under the body and a nut (30; 130; 230) screwed onto the screw end protruding from the through passage (20; 182; 282) and loaded against the body (12), respectively the cam (178; 278).
EP19219643.4A 2018-12-28 2019-12-24 Device for attaching a rail Active EP3674482B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1874292A FR3091302B1 (en) 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 Rail fixing device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3674482A1 true EP3674482A1 (en) 2020-07-01
EP3674482B1 EP3674482B1 (en) 2021-07-21

Family

ID=66776508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19219643.4A Active EP3674482B1 (en) 2018-12-28 2019-12-24 Device for attaching a rail

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3674482B1 (en)
DK (1) DK3674482T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2895037T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3091302B1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4821957A (en) 1986-10-13 1989-04-18 Molyneux Godfrey M O Resilient material housing in the nose of a rail anchorage
EP1013827A1 (en) 1998-12-23 2000-06-28 Gantry S.A. Rail fastenings
GB2551404A (en) 2016-06-17 2017-12-20 Gantry Railing Ltd Rail fastening device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB220529A (en) * 1923-11-30 1924-08-21 Joseph Pitter Bayley Improvements in distance pieces for use in securing rails to railway sleepers
DE3023857C2 (en) * 1980-06-26 1986-01-02 Krupp Stahl Ag, 4630 Bochum Fastening device for rails, in particular crane rails
GB2212842A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-08-02 Coates Smith Peter John Improvements in rail clips for rail track rails

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4821957A (en) 1986-10-13 1989-04-18 Molyneux Godfrey M O Resilient material housing in the nose of a rail anchorage
EP1013827A1 (en) 1998-12-23 2000-06-28 Gantry S.A. Rail fastenings
GB2551404A (en) 2016-06-17 2017-12-20 Gantry Railing Ltd Rail fastening device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3091302A1 (en) 2020-07-03
DK3674482T3 (en) 2021-10-18
FR3091302B1 (en) 2022-01-07
ES2895037T3 (en) 2022-02-17
EP3674482B1 (en) 2021-07-21

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