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EP3523228A1 - Movement of products on a line - Google Patents

Movement of products on a line

Info

Publication number
EP3523228A1
EP3523228A1 EP17793701.8A EP17793701A EP3523228A1 EP 3523228 A1 EP3523228 A1 EP 3523228A1 EP 17793701 A EP17793701 A EP 17793701A EP 3523228 A1 EP3523228 A1 EP 3523228A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
products
plate
shuttle
station
carriage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17793701.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Claude WAELDIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sidel Engineering and Conveying Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
Gebo Packaging Solutions France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebo Packaging Solutions France SAS filed Critical Gebo Packaging Solutions France SAS
Publication of EP3523228A1 publication Critical patent/EP3523228A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/74—Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types
    • B65G47/90—Devices for picking-up and depositing articles or materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/063—Automatically guided
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/02—Articles
    • B65G2201/0235—Containers
    • B65G2201/0244—Bottles

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of equipment for conveying within an industrial line for processing products. It relates more particularly to a product moving carriage from one station to another, said carriage comprising on the one hand a tray, and on the other hand a shuttle, and a line and and a corresponding method.
  • a product treatment line generally comprises a set of successive stations, which transform the product until the final production of a pallet comprising a superposition of layers each comprising products, sometimes grouped together in groups. pack, crates, burdens, or others. Downstream of the line, the full pallet is then processed for shipment, eventually passing through a central logistics management, including automatic warehouse type.
  • the product treatment lines concerned by the invention therefore perform at least one secondary packaging function by virtue of which the products in the unit are prepared for mass shipment.
  • the line may also have upstream functions, such as preparation, production, manufacture, storage, of the product itself, upstream of such secondary packaging for shipping purposes.
  • a large quantity of identical successive products is therefore treated in a similar way within the successive stations of the line.
  • the line thus provides globally continuously the same treatment to successive products, and at a global rate that defines the performance of the line.
  • This kind of line is necessarily provided with means for moving products between the stations.
  • they are mechanical belt type conveyors endless, able to rotate continuously and on which the products rest by their lower part to be driven by him between its two ends.
  • Suitable accumulation solutions also make it possible to make a buffer within the line.
  • a conveying solution for a treatment line with an accumulation between two product treatment stations in the unit is for example proposed in EP1497208 and is based on the succession of a module transforming a flow unifilaire in multi-filament flux, a module for accumulating such a multi-wire stream, and then a module for transforming the multi-wire flow into a single-wire flow.
  • Stationary mechanical conveyors can be substituted by autonomous mobile trucks, which then fulfill this function of moving the products between the machines within the line.
  • the machines, or treatment stations can therefore be fixed and positioned at different locations in the workshop, or even repositioned, or even added, or even deleted, without having to reconsider the design of fixed mechanical conveying solutions. Add a position of treatment in the line then possibly requires only a consideration in the programming of carts.
  • the invention thus relates to a carriage for such a line, which allows to obtain the expected flexibility and versatility, while providing a less expensive solution.
  • the invention proposes to replace the fixed mechanical conveyors by, on the one hand, mobile shuttles, and on the other hand trays they move and on which the products are received.
  • a shuttle that provides a function of displacement, and, on the other hand, a tray, which ensures the reception and the support of the products, makes it possible to avoid leaving the shuttle waiting during the transfer of products to or from the plateau, and therefore limit the fleet of shuttles needed to ensure a satisfactory flow for the line. It also allows the use of a standard shuttle, which can be used to move trays of varying sizes.
  • the present invention thus proposes a carriage, for moving bottle-type products from one station to another of a processing line of said products, said carriage being movable in displacement on a floor and comprising an autonomous drive means configured for allow him to move from a predefined position to another predefined position.
  • Said carriage is particular in that it comprises a tray, provided with a receiving surface adapted to receive a plurality of products, and a shuttle, provided with said autonomous drive means and a means of securing / detaching by report to said plateau.
  • the shuttle can then be moved independently of the board, which can remain permanently while the shuttle is moving.
  • the shuttle, motor element, and the tray, product support element can be detached so that one remains while the other moves, and be secured so that the shuttle drives the tray in its movement.
  • the number of shuttles can be much lower than the number of trays, and can be obtained the same service rendered with a number of shuttles less than the number of trolleys that should have been in the absence of the invention.
  • the line is more flexible and adaptable, with a high product throughput, and an inexpensive and adaptable solution for all products.
  • said plate may comprise at least one, preferably four, retractable edge, configured to be active, and hold the products inside said reception surface, and to be retracted to allow a lateral thrust transfer of one surface to another; we thus obtain a good support during the displacements, and a lack of obstacle during the transfers.
  • the thrust is through the space released by the retracted edge,
  • said plate may comprise a clean support structure, such as feet, in particular provided with wheels, which allows the receiving surface to be placed and maintained at the height of the conveyor,
  • said shuttle can be disposed entirely under said plate in a secured position, so that the footprint surface of said carriage is not greater than the footprint surface of said tray; this makes it easier to install on the ground, and displacements, in particular of several trolleys at the same time,
  • said shuttle may comprise a frame and a lift movable in vertical translation, and said securing / detaching means comprise said movable elevator, configured to lift said plate in a secured position; this makes it possible to have a very simple means of joining / disconnecting, using a support between two surfaces, one of the plate and the other of the shuttle; we can of course add other accessories such as hooks or electromagnets or others,
  • said plate may comprise, at its own support structure, feet of variable height by adjustment, which allows to adapt to different height positions.
  • the present invention also relates to a product treatment line comprising stations at least one of which is provided with a table for supporting and accumulating said products, and at least one carriage according to the invention, in which the receiving surface of the tray is arranged, for a product transfer, at the same height of the ground as said table, so that when said tray is disposed adjacent to said table, the receiving surface is flush with said table .
  • the line is more flexible and adaptable, with a high product throughput, and an inexpensive and adaptable solution for all products.
  • the transfer of products between tray and table is simple and can be done by simple horizontal push, which allows to use a simple and universal transfer device, working for many products of different size and shape, since the products are always supported by the bottom.
  • the line concerned ensures the packaging of products that are preferably bottles, flasks, or other containers, in successive positions.
  • the containers are preferably filled and form semi-finished elements, to be repacked later.
  • a station can of course receive products from an upstream station, but also a storage, or deliver products that are either processed downstream in the line, or sent to a stock.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of moving products from a first station to a second station of a product treatment line, by means of a carriage according to the invention, and comprising the following steps:
  • the number of shuttles can be less than the number of trays, and one can thus obtain the same service rendered with a number of shuttles less than the number of trolleys that should have been in the absence of the invention.
  • said plate may comprise at least one edge, preferably four edges, and said edge, preferably the four edges, be active during the step of moving the carriage, and retracted during the product transfer stages, which makes it possible to improve the maintenance of the products during the movement, while maintaining the ease of transfer,
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a line according to the invention, upstream of a dispatch logistics center,
  • FIG. 2 schematizes the possibilities of output of a treatment station in three configurations: 2a, 2b and 2c,
  • the invention thus firstly relates to a line 1 for processing products 2 to the chain, comprising, on the one hand, a plurality of stations 3 for successive processing of said products 2, and, on the other hand, a moving means 4, for moving the products 2 between the stations 3 within this line 1, in particular, from an upstream station 3 in which they have just been processed to a downstream station 3 in which they must then be processed.
  • the products 2 are in particular of the liquid container type such as bottle, empty or full, food, box, box, cardboard, empty or full, etc.
  • the treatment line 1 concerned by the use of this type of moving means can be the complete installation which ensures the complete treatment from the manufacture of the product 2 to its organization in pallet ready for its subsequent monitoring in a logistics sorting center or its shipment, or only a part of such a facility, including for example an island of posts 3 within such a complete pre-shipment setup.
  • the expected flow rates within such a line 1 treating the products 2 to the unit are significantly higher than those, upstream or downstream, dealing with pallets, on which the number of products 2 is significantly different.
  • the products are generally less stable and the technical solutions are therefore generally different for at least two reasons.
  • the processing stations 3 in particular ensure the transformation of the products 2 to the unit, such as filling, labeling, or several products 2 of the container type simultaneously to group in pack, several products 2 of the cash box type to layer them on a palette, etc.
  • the successive stations 3 can thus realize a fabrication, a transformation, a storage and / or a change in the geometric organization of the products.
  • line 1 has stations 3 which receive their products 2 from the outside, as raw material for the line 1, as well as stations 3 which supply the products 2 at the end of the treatment outside. by line 1.
  • Line 1 therefore participates in the upstream preparation of units for logistic shipment, usually based on pallets, and not the management, distribution and distribution of these units.
  • a station 3 can thus be used to temporarily store the products 2, possibly in a semi-finished state. Such a station 3 then receives products 2 from the carts or trolleys, and / or supplies the products 2 to the trolleys. Such a stock can be connected to the outside of the line: to come from or to go there. Generally, a transfer of the products 2 of the trolley takes place at the level of a post
  • a station 3 may for example consist essentially of a stock of trays 17 superimposed one above the other, or one next to the other.
  • Line 1 is arranged in a workshop or adapted hall, and stations 3 preferably rest on the ground.
  • the moving means 4 conventionally used in the state of the art is based on mobile endless belt conveyors, mounted on a fixed structure placed on the ground in the workshop.
  • the line operators 1 evolve in this workshop and it is then necessary to provide in particular bridges for bypassing such means of displacement 4.
  • the stations 3 are difficult to move and generally anchored to the ground.
  • the moving means 4 consists essentially of at least one autonomous self-supporting mobile trolley 5 moving on the ground and on which the products 2 rest during their movement within the line 1, preferably a fleet of such trolleys 5 who can navigate between positions 3 on line 1. It is not necessary for the carriages 5 to reach equipment or other machines that are off line 1, but they can be dedicated to stations 3 of line 1. The carriages 5 thus connect the various stations 3 of the line 1 and ensure the flow of the product stream 2 within the line 1.
  • trolleys 5 thus ensures maximum flexibility depending on the number of products 2 to be processed with the defined format, but also according to the positions 3 involved in the achievement of the defined format, etc.
  • these carriages 5 form autonomous vehicles or shuttles, capable of moving several products 2 at a time between two successive stations 3. The displacement of these carriages 5 thus creates the movement of the products 2 between the stations 3. The at least one carriage 5 therefore moves during production by the line 1.
  • the line 1 comprises a plurality of trays 17, and possibly a plurality of shuttles 18.
  • a shuttle 18 can cooperate with several trays 17 different each time to then form a carriage 5.
  • the combination of a shuttle 18 and a plate 17 to form a carriage 5 are multiple and depend on the number of each of them in line 1.
  • the at least one mobile carriage 5 is provided with an onboard drive, so that said carriage 5 can itself generate its own movement, in particular in the form of a motor, a transmission and a set of wheels. Said mobile carriage 5 is thus movable between the stations 3, so as to achieve maximum flexibility in the paths to be followed depending on the possibly mobile elements of the environment that it must avoid, such as operators or even other trolleys 5 or shuttles 17.
  • the mobile carriage 5 has, on the one hand, a product reception surface 8 on which the products 2 can rest by their lower part, and, on the other hand, a chassis on which at least the drive is mounted. embedded.
  • the reception surface 8 is preferably horizontal, flat, and can reach the height of the exit of the upstream station 3 and / or the height of the entrance of the station 3 downstream on the occasion of the transfer of the products 2.
  • the carriage 5 may be provided with several reception surfaces 8 superimposed, if necessary.
  • the mobile carriage 5 can also notably include docking means ensuring the mechanical interface and the good positioning with the station 3 where it receives the products 2 and / or the station 3 where it delivers the products 2.
  • docking means may be in particular referenced positioning mechanical means, for example by complementary parts such as cones or other conventional solution.
  • the carriage 5 also optionally comprises a reserve of energy for the operation of the onboard drive, in particular electrical, the line then being provided with means for supplying electrical energy to recharge the carriage 5, for example when it is accosted at station 3 or in circulation.
  • the line 1 may furthermore comprise a docking station 16 for temporarily receiving, during their journey between the stations 3, carriages 5, loaded or not loaded with products 2, and possibly only the trays 17, so as to ensure an accumulation zone if it is impossible for the destination station 3 to receive the products 2, or impossibility for the original station 3 to provide products 2.
  • Line 1 can thus have at least one accumulation zone, in which the trays 17 are arranged.
  • each station 3 is provided with a transfer means for harvesting the products 2 to be treated present on the carriages 5 and / or for depositing on the carriages 5 the treated products 2, in particular a transfer means. comprising a manipulator 1 1.
  • This transfer means thus ensures the movement of the products 2 between the reception surface 8 and either an entry zone 14 or an exit zone 15 of the station 3.
  • this transfer means can also be mounted on the
  • the at least one carriage 5 is provided with transfer means for harvesting, at the exit zone 15 of a station 3, the 2 products processed by him and move to a post 3 downstream, and / or deposit in the entry zone 14 of a post 3 downstream, the products 2 previously treated by a post 3 upstream and he has moved.
  • Said transfer means mounted on a station 3 or a carriage 5, for example based on a robotic multi-axis solution or slides, optionally with a complementary conveying type endless belt.
  • the stations 3 process the products 2 to the unit and are each provided with a feeding means to the unit of the endless belt conveying type, as well as an extraction means.
  • the carriages 5 moving between the positions 3 each time a batch of similar products 2. These conveyances are located respectively in entry zone 14 and exit zone 15. It is understood that any configuration is conceivable: the carriages 5 can, on the one hand, receive batches of products 2 forming sections of a single column or several columns, and, secondly, provide batches of products 2 forming sections of a single column or of several columns.
  • the station 3 may be provided with a flux transformation solution for converting the single-wire flow to multi-wired stream or vice versa.
  • the products 2 transferred to or from a carriage 5 can be in the form of a single column or several.
  • the invention also relates to a carriage 5 which comprises, alone or in combination, the features described herein and necessary to allow the realization of a line 1 according to the invention.
  • this carriage 5 has a receiving surface 8 of the products 2 on which they can rest by their lower part, that is to say the bottom, said surface 8 having a substantially rectangular, flat shape, preferably without roughness, the treated products 2 being fed on one side of said surface and emerged on the opposite side and accumulated in adjacent rows between these sides, so as to ensure that the first product entered either the first product released.
  • the carriage 5 may comprise separably from one another, on the one hand a plate 17, comprising the receiving surface 8 and a own support means, such as feet, and on the other hand a shuttle 18 comprising said embedded drive.
  • the reception surface 8 may comprise at least one, preferably four, retractable edge 19. This keeps the products 2 on the receiving surface 8 during the movement of the carriage 5.
  • At least one edge 19 can then be retracted, which allows, when the receiving surface 8 of the carriage 5 is flush with the surface of the station 3, to transfer the products 2 of the station 3 to the carriage 5 or vice versa, by a transfer means which is a simple means of lateral thrust, if necessary a means configured to push at least one row of products 2 at a time, thus making it possible to transfer products 2 not stuck, maintaining their disposition not stuck after the transfer.
  • the pushing means can of course also be configured to push only part of a row.
  • Such a transfer means can also be arranged as a device attached to said plate 17, which allows to specifically adapt it to the reception surface 8 of the plate 17. This requires provisions for the loading of products 2 on the station 3, allowing said means of transfer to fetch them.
  • Such a transfer means can also be arranged as a device attached to the station 3, and configured so as to discharge the plate 17, and to load.
  • the stations 3 and the trays 17 each comprise a means of transfer or thrust.
  • Such a solution has the advantage that the transfer means of the station 3 may only be able to load the plate 17, and the transfer means of the plate 17 may only be able to unload the plate 17, by example.
  • the shuttle 18 may comprise rollers 20, for example multidirectional rollers 20. It may comprise a frame 21 disposed on said rollers 20, and can therefore move in all directions on a substantially horizontal surface. The shuttle 18 may then comprise an elevator 22 movable in vertical translation relative to the frame 21, to lift the tray 17 from the ground.
  • a plate 17 may be docked at a station 3.
  • a hook 23 may be provided, configured to attach the plate 17 to the station 3.
  • a loading means which transfers, by transverse scanning to the conveyor, the products 2 from the conveyor to the accumulation surface
  • a shuttle 18 can be coupled to the plate 17 to move it.
  • the conveyor is upstream of station 3 and supplies it with products
  • Fig. 6 illustrates that the carriage 5, consisting of the shuttle 18 and the plate 17 joined together, can then move, leave the station 3 to go to another station 3, or any other intended destination.
  • the unloading of the products 2 begins as soon as the plate 17 is in place, and before the shuttle 18 is gone. It is also possible for the shuttle 18 to fit under the plate 17 while the loading is not yet complete, and thus avoid a waiting time between the end of the loading of the plate 17, and the beginning of its displacement by the shuttle 18.
  • tray 17 at a single level, at a height suitable for operator work. But one can also consider trays 17 at several levels (not shown), and a shuttle 18 adapted to raise its elevator 22 at several lifting intervals, each corresponding to the situation where one of the levels of the tray 17 is flush with the reception table of post 3.
  • the trays 17 comprise rollers, giving them a possibility of short autonomous movement, without the aid of a shuttle 18.
  • the height of the trays 17 can be adjustable. This makes it possible to use the same trays 17 for different production lines, in which the stations 3 would have a different reception surface height.
  • the interface between a plate 17 and a shuttle 18 may be a flat surface, allowing good fastening during a displacement. The uncoupling then amounts to providing a space between the plate 17 and the shuttle 18, so that the shuttle 18 can move away without taking the plate 17.
  • the shuttle 18 is actually placed under the plate 17, but does not lift it. It is solidified, for example by hooks, or electromagnets, and drives the tray, which rolls on its wheels.
  • the shuttle 18 is placed next to a plate 17, is secured by hooks or electromagnets, then drives the plate 17 for the displacement, which then benefits from its own wheels during movement; or the shuttle 18 raises the plate 17 by an auxiliary device, and can then move trays 17 without wheels or means of autonomous movement.
  • the products 2 processed within the line of product processing 2 are bottles, flasks, or other containers.
  • the reception surface 8 is preferably flat and horizontal.
  • this surface may be made of a material such that the coefficient of friction between this surface 8 and the products 2 has a favorable value so that the products 2 remain upright without slipping when the carriage 5 is moved. the profession is able, by its general knowledge, to choose a material meeting the above criteria.
  • a retractable system formed of parallel vertical walls may be disposed prior to the displacement of the carriage 5, so that a wall is between each row, so to ensure that products 8 remain in place. Such a system is then removed for unloading the tray 17.
  • the products 2 are aligned along two directions perpendicular to each other, still without staggering. They form lines and columns.
  • the retractable system may be formed of vertical walls forming a grid so that each product 2 of the plate 17 is isolated from the others using the walls. Thus, two products 2 can not come into contact.
  • the plate 17 may comprise one or more conveyor (s) formed (s) of an endless belt wrapped around two windings (called upstream and downstream) located respectively at two opposite edges of the receiving surface 8.
  • conveyors are generally arranged side by side and the axes of the upstream windings are preferably confused. It is the same for the axes of the downstream windings.
  • the reception surface 8 is then formed of one or more endless band (s). It is flat and horizontal between the upstream and downstream windings located at two opposite edges of this surface 8.
  • the windings are preferably the finest possible to limit any risk of falling during the transfer of products 2
  • One (of) such endless band (s) can then contribute to the transfer of the products 2 from or to a station 3.
  • the production and packaging lines deliver products 2 in continuous flow and at a high rate that is to say the order of tens of thousands of products 2 per hour.
  • the link from one station 3 to the next must therefore be compatible with the required rates.
  • the receiving surface 8 has dimensions compatible to support a large number of products 2.
  • the same plate 17 can receive at least twenty products 2, in particular at least fifty products 2 and preferably at least one hundred products 2.
  • a carriage 5 can carry a few hundred products 2 on the same plate 17. In this way, a large number of products 2 is moved simultaneously from one station 3 to another, which absorbs the flow of products 2 leaving a station 3 to bring it to another station without having to stop the machine.
  • the stations 3 of a chain treatment line according to the invention are processing machines which are fixed within the factory.
  • a table for supporting and accumulating products such a table is also fixed.
  • a table is at the exit of a station 3, so that the station 3 can continue to deliver products 2 during the loading of a tray 17 and while waiting for the arrival of a new plateau 17 to load.
  • the trays 17 fulfill both the role of conveyor and accumulation table. Indeed, the carriages 5 move the products 2 from one treatment station 3 to the next, but the products 2 do not necessarily feed the next station 3 as soon as possible after their transfer to a reception area 8. Indeed, the products 2 can be placed on hold, that is to say they can remain on a tray 17 until the next station 3 is ready to accommodate new products 2.
  • the present invention is compatible with production and packaging in continuous flow and at high speed. It advantageously makes it possible to improve the flexibility of a line with the chain while using a minimum number of shuttles 17 and without impacting the production capacity of a line.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Intermediate Stations On Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention concerns a carriage (5), for moving bottle products (2) from one station (3) to another of a processing line (1) for processing said products (2), said carriage (5) being movable on a floor and comprising a self-contained drive means configured to allow it to move from one predefined station (3) to another predefined station (3). Said carriage (5) comprises a plate (17), provided with a receiving surface (8) suitable for receiving a plurality of products (2), and a shuttle (18), provided with said self-contained drive means and a means for engaging with/disengaging from said plate (17). The present invention also concerns a corresponding processing line and method.

Description

Déplacement de produits dans une ligne  Moving products in a line
La présente invention se situe dans le domaine des équipements pour le convoyage au sein d'une ligne industrielle de traitement de produits. Elle concerne plus particulièrement un chariot de déplacement de produits d'un poste à un autre, ledit chariot comportant d'une part un plateau, et d'autre part une navette, ainsi qu'une ligne et et un procédé correspondants. The present invention is in the field of equipment for conveying within an industrial line for processing products. It relates more particularly to a product moving carriage from one station to another, said carriage comprising on the one hand a tray, and on the other hand a shuttle, and a line and and a corresponding method.
Dans le domaine de l'invention, une ligne de traitement de produits comprend généralement un ensemble de postes successifs, qui transforment le produit jusqu'à l'obtention finale d'une palette comprenant une superposition de couches comprenant chacune des produits, parfois regroupés en pack, caisses, fardeaux, ou autres. En aval de la ligne, la palette pleine est ensuite traitée pour une expédition, en passant éventuellement dans une centrale de gestion logistique, notamment du type magasin automatique. Les lignes de traitement de produits concernées par l'invention réalisent donc au moins une fonction de conditionnement secondaire grâce à laquelle les produits à l'unité sont préparés pour l'expédition en masse. La ligne peut aussi avoir des fonctions en amont, comme la préparation, réalisation, fabrication, stockage, du produit lui-même, en amont d'un tel conditionnement secondaire à des fins d'expédition.  In the field of the invention, a product treatment line generally comprises a set of successive stations, which transform the product until the final production of a pallet comprising a superposition of layers each comprising products, sometimes grouped together in groups. pack, crates, burdens, or others. Downstream of the line, the full pallet is then processed for shipment, eventually passing through a central logistics management, including automatic warehouse type. The product treatment lines concerned by the invention therefore perform at least one secondary packaging function by virtue of which the products in the unit are prepared for mass shipment. The line may also have upstream functions, such as preparation, production, manufacture, storage, of the product itself, upstream of such secondary packaging for shipping purposes.
Une grande quantité de produits successifs identiques est donc traitée de façon similaire au sein des postes successifs de la ligne. La ligne assure donc globalement en continu le même traitement aux produits successifs, et ce à une cadence globale qui définit le rendement de la ligne. A large quantity of identical successive products is therefore treated in a similar way within the successive stations of the line. The line thus provides globally continuously the same treatment to successive products, and at a global rate that defines the performance of the line.
Ce genre de ligne est donc nécessairement muni de moyens de déplacement des produits entre les postes. Classiquement, il s'agit de convoyeurs mécaniques du type à bande sans fin, capables de tourner en continu et sur lesquels reposent les produits par leur partie inférieure pour être entraînés par lui entre ses deux extrémités. Des solutions d'accumulation adaptées permettent aussi de faire un tampon au sein de la ligne.  This kind of line is necessarily provided with means for moving products between the stations. Conventionally, they are mechanical belt type conveyors endless, able to rotate continuously and on which the products rest by their lower part to be driven by him between its two ends. Suitable accumulation solutions also make it possible to make a buffer within the line.
Une solution de convoyage pour ligne de traitement avec une accumulation entre deux postes de traitement de produits à l'unité est par exemple proposée dans EP1497208 et repose sur la succession d'un module transformant un flux unifilaire en flux multifilaire, d'un module d'accumulation d'un tel flux multifilaire, puis d'un module de transformation du flux multifilaire en flux unifilaire. A conveying solution for a treatment line with an accumulation between two product treatment stations in the unit is for example proposed in EP1497208 and is based on the succession of a module transforming a flow unifilaire in multi-filament flux, a module for accumulating such a multi-wire stream, and then a module for transforming the multi-wire flow into a single-wire flow.
Une autre solution de déplacement entre deux postes de traitement à l'unité est proposée dans FR2998282, et repose essentiellement sur un convoyage mécanique à tapis sans fin, une solution de transfert vers une table fixe d'accumulation, pour une solution de transfert depuis ladite table vers un autre convoyeur mécanique à bande sans fin.  Another solution of displacement between two treatment stations to the unit is proposed in FR2998282, and essentially relies on an endless belt mechanical conveyor, a transfer solution to a fixed accumulation table, for a transfer solution from said table to another mechanical conveyor belt endless.
D'autres équipements de déplacement à base de convoyeurs mécanique fixes sont aussi proposés, par exemple, dans EP2188199, ou encore dans US6206174.  Other moving equipment based on fixed mechanical conveyors are also proposed, for example, in EP2188199, or in US6206174.
On constate néanmoins une évolution de l'utilisation de telles lignes de conditionnement pour des quantités de produits identiques de plus en plus faibles. Les formats de produits traités sont donc amenés à changer de plus en plus fréquemment et les changements et reconfigurations nécessaires de la ligne sont alors eux aussi de plus en plus fréquents. En outre, le changement de format peut non seulement requérir un nouveau réglage des postes de la ligne, mais aussi la substitution de certains postes de la ligne à d'autres, compatibles avec le nouveau produit traité. Cette reconfiguration de la ligne au niveau des équipements qui la constituent est aussi amenée par l'évolution normale de la ligne, pour y rajouter de nouvelles machines, remplacer certaines autres, etc. However, there is an evolution in the use of such packaging lines for quantities of identical products increasingly low. The processed product formats are therefore changed more and more frequently and the necessary changes and reconfigurations of the line are then also more and more frequent. In addition, the format change may not only require a new setting of line items, but also the substitution of some line items to others, compatible with the new product processed. This reconfiguration of the line at the level of the equipment that constitutes it is also brought by the normal evolution of the line, to add new machines, replace some others, etc.
Il est donc de plus en plus important de pouvoir disposer d'une ligne de conditionnement, en amont de l'installation logistique de traitement de palettes pleines, qui soit la plus flexible possible, capable de s'adapter très rapidement à des nouveaux formats de produit et qu'il est aussi très facile de faire évoluer vers de nouvelles configurations. La ligne doit aussi, préférablement, assurer une telle flexibilité et adaptabilité de la façon la moins onéreuse possible. It is therefore increasingly important to be able to have a packaging line, upstream of the full pallet processing logistics facility, which is as flexible as possible, able to adapt very quickly to new packaging formats. product and it is also very easy to upgrade to new configurations. The line must also, preferably, provide such flexibility and adaptability in the least expensive way possible.
On peut substituer les convoyeurs mécaniques fixes par des chariots mobiles autonomes, qui remplissent alors cette fonction de déplacer les produits entre les machines au sein de la ligne. Les machines, ou postes de traitement, peuvent donc être fixes et positionnées à différents endroits dans l'atelier, voire repositionnées, voire ajoutés, voire supprimés, sans avoir à reconsidérer la conception des solutions de convoyage mécaniques fixes. Rajouter un poste de traitement dans la ligne nécessite alors éventuellement uniquement une prise en compte dans la programmation des chariots. Stationary mechanical conveyors can be substituted by autonomous mobile trucks, which then fulfill this function of moving the products between the machines within the line. The machines, or treatment stations, can therefore be fixed and positioned at different locations in the workshop, or even repositioned, or even added, or even deleted, without having to reconsider the design of fixed mechanical conveying solutions. Add a position of treatment in the line then possibly requires only a consideration in the programming of carts.
Toutefois le temps de transfert et de présence des produits peut être assez long, ce qui induit la nécessité de disposer d'un grand nombre de chariots. Or leur capacité de déplacement autonome les rend assez coûteux.  However the time of transfer and presence of the products can be quite long, which induces the need to have a large number of trolleys. But their ability to travel independently makes them quite expensive.
L'invention a ainsi pour objet un chariot pour une telle ligne, qui permette d'obtenir la flexibilité et la versatilité attendues, tout en amenant une solution moins coûteuse.  The invention thus relates to a carriage for such a line, which allows to obtain the expected flexibility and versatility, while providing a less expensive solution.
A cet effet, l'invention propose de substituer les convoyeurs mécaniques fixes par, d'une part, des navettes mobiles, et, d'autre part, des plateaux qu'ils déplacent et sur lesquels les produits sont reçus. Le recours à, d'un côté, une navette qui assure une fonction de déplacement, et, d'un autre côté, un plateau, qui assure la réception et le support des produits, permet d'éviter de laisser la navette en attente lors du transfert des produits vers ou depuis le plateau, et donc de limiter la flotte de navettes nécessaires pour assurer un flux satisfaisant pour la ligne. Cela permet aussi d'utiliser une navette standard, utilisable pour déplacer des plateaux de tailles variables.  For this purpose, the invention proposes to replace the fixed mechanical conveyors by, on the one hand, mobile shuttles, and on the other hand trays they move and on which the products are received. The use of a shuttle that provides a function of displacement, and, on the other hand, a tray, which ensures the reception and the support of the products, makes it possible to avoid leaving the shuttle waiting during the transfer of products to or from the plateau, and therefore limit the fleet of shuttles needed to ensure a satisfactory flow for the line. It also allows the use of a standard shuttle, which can be used to move trays of varying sizes.
La présente invention propose ainsi un chariot, pour déplacer des produits de type bouteilles d'un poste à un autre d'une ligne de traitement desdits produits, ledit chariot étant mobile en déplacement sur un sol et comportant un moyen d'entraînement autonome configuré pour lui permettre de se déplacer d'un poste prédéfini à un autre poste prédéfini. Ledit chariot est particulier en ce qu'il comporte un plateau, muni d'une surface d'accueil apte à recevoir une pluralité de produits, et une navette, munie dudit moyen d'entraînement autonome et d'un moyen de solidarisation/désolidarisation par rapport audit plateau. La navette peut alors être déplacée indépendamment du plateau, qui peut rester à demeure alors que la navette se déplace. La navette, élément moteur, et le plateau, élément support de produits, peuvent donc être désolidarisés pour que l'un reste alors que l'autre se déplace, et être solidarisées pour que la navette entraîne le plateau dans son déplacement.  The present invention thus proposes a carriage, for moving bottle-type products from one station to another of a processing line of said products, said carriage being movable in displacement on a floor and comprising an autonomous drive means configured for allow him to move from a predefined position to another predefined position. Said carriage is particular in that it comprises a tray, provided with a receiving surface adapted to receive a plurality of products, and a shuttle, provided with said autonomous drive means and a means of securing / detaching by report to said plateau. The shuttle can then be moved independently of the board, which can remain permanently while the shuttle is moving. The shuttle, motor element, and the tray, product support element, can be detached so that one remains while the other moves, and be secured so that the shuttle drives the tray in its movement.
Grâce à ces dispositions, et comparé à la solution intermédiaire des chariots intégrant, de façon non désolidarisable, une navette et un plateau, le nombre de navettes peut être très inférieur au nombre de plateaux, et on peut donc obtenir le même service rendu avec un nombre de navettes inférieur au nombre de chariots qu'on aurait dû avoir en l'absence de l'invention. Par ailleurs la ligne est plus flexible et adaptable, avec un débit de produits élevé, et une solution de déplacement peu onéreuse et adaptable à tous les produits. Thanks to these arrangements, and compared to the intermediate solution of the carriages incorporating, non-releasably, a shuttle and a tray, the number of shuttles can be much lower than the number of trays, and can be obtained the same service rendered with a number of shuttles less than the number of trolleys that should have been in the absence of the invention. In addition, the line is more flexible and adaptable, with a high product throughput, and an inexpensive and adaptable solution for all products.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques :  According to other characteristics:
ledit plateau peut comporter au moins un, de préférence quatre, bord escamotable, configuré pour pouvoir être actif, et maintenir les produits à l'intérieur de ladite surface d'accueil, et pour pouvoir être escamoté pour permettre un transfert par poussée latérale d'une surface à l'autre ; on obtient ainsi un bon maintien pendant les déplacements, et une absence d'obstacle pendant les transferts. La poussée se fait à travers l'espace libéré par le bord escamoté,  said plate may comprise at least one, preferably four, retractable edge, configured to be active, and hold the products inside said reception surface, and to be retracted to allow a lateral thrust transfer of one surface to another; we thus obtain a good support during the displacements, and a lack of obstacle during the transfers. The thrust is through the space released by the retracted edge,
ledit plateau peut comporter une structure de support propre, telle que des pieds, notamment munis de roulettes, ce qui permet à la surface d'accueil d'être placée et maintenue à hauteur du convoyeur,  said plate may comprise a clean support structure, such as feet, in particular provided with wheels, which allows the receiving surface to be placed and maintained at the height of the conveyor,
ladite navette peut être disposée entièrement sous ledit plateau en position solidarisée, de sorte que la surface d'emprise au sol dudit chariot n'est pas supérieure à la surface d'emprise au sol dudit plateau ; cela permet de faciliter l'implantation au sol, et les déplacements, en particulier de plusieurs chariots en même temps,  said shuttle can be disposed entirely under said plate in a secured position, so that the footprint surface of said carriage is not greater than the footprint surface of said tray; this makes it easier to install on the ground, and displacements, in particular of several trolleys at the same time,
ladite navette peut comporter un châssis et un élévateur mobile en translation verticale, et ledit moyen de solidarisation/désolidarisation comprendre ledit élévateur mobile, configuré pour soulever ledit plateau en position solidarisée ; cela permet d'avoir un moyen de solidarisation/désolidarisation très simple, utilisant un appui entre deux surfaces, l'une du plateau et l'autre de la navette ; on peut bien sûr y ajouter d'autres accessoires tels que des crochets ou électro-aimants ou autres,  said shuttle may comprise a frame and a lift movable in vertical translation, and said securing / detaching means comprise said movable elevator, configured to lift said plate in a secured position; this makes it possible to have a very simple means of joining / disconnecting, using a support between two surfaces, one of the plate and the other of the shuttle; we can of course add other accessories such as hooks or electromagnets or others,
ledit plateau peut comporter, au niveau de sa structure de support propre, des pieds de hauteur variable par réglage, ce qui permet de l'adapter à des postes de hauteur différente.  said plate may comprise, at its own support structure, feet of variable height by adjustment, which allows to adapt to different height positions.
La présente invention concerne aussi une ligne de traitement de produits comportant des postes dont au moins un est muni d'une table pour supporter et accumuler lesdits produits, et au moins un chariot selon l'invention, dans laquelle la surface d'accueil du plateau est disposée, pour un transfert de produits, à la même hauteur du sol que ladite table, de sorte que quand ledit plateau est disposé adjacent à ladite table, la surface d'accueil est à fleur avec ladite table. Grâce à ces dispositions, et comparé à la solution intermédiaire des chariots intégrant une navette et un plateau, le nombre de navettes peut être inférieur au nombre de plateaux, et on peut donc obtenir le même service rendu avec un nombre de navettes inférieur au nombre de chariots qu'on aurait dû avoir en l'absence de l'invention. Par ailleurs la ligne est plus flexible et adaptable, avec un débit de produits élevé, et une solution de déplacement peu onéreuse et adaptable à tous les produits. Le transfert de produits entre plateau et table est simple et peut se faire par simple poussée horizontale, ce qui permet d'utiliser un dispositif de transfert simple et universel, fonctionnant pour beaucoup de produits de taille et forme différents, puisque les produits sont toujours supportés par le fond. The present invention also relates to a product treatment line comprising stations at least one of which is provided with a table for supporting and accumulating said products, and at least one carriage according to the invention, in which the receiving surface of the tray is arranged, for a product transfer, at the same height of the ground as said table, so that when said tray is disposed adjacent to said table, the receiving surface is flush with said table . Thanks to these arrangements, and compared to the intermediate solution of the trolleys integrating a shuttle and a plateau, the number of shuttles can be less than the number of trays, and one can thus obtain the same service rendered with a number of shuttles lower than the number of trolleys that should have been in the absence of the invention. In addition, the line is more flexible and adaptable, with a high product throughput, and an inexpensive and adaptable solution for all products. The transfer of products between tray and table is simple and can be done by simple horizontal push, which allows to use a simple and universal transfer device, working for many products of different size and shape, since the products are always supported by the bottom.
La ligne concernée assure le conditionnement de produits qui sont préférablement des bouteilles, flacons, ou autre contenants, dans des postes successifs. Les contenants sont préférablement remplis et forment des éléments semi finis, à reconditionner ultérieurement. Un poste peut bien entendu recevoir des produits d'un poste amont, mais aussi d'un stockage, ou encore délivrer des produits qui sont soit traités en aval dans la ligne, soit envoyés dans un stock.The line concerned ensures the packaging of products that are preferably bottles, flasks, or other containers, in successive positions. The containers are preferably filled and form semi-finished elements, to be repacked later. A station can of course receive products from an upstream station, but also a storage, or deliver products that are either processed downstream in the line, or sent to a stock.
La présente invention concerne encore un procédé de déplacement de produits d'un premier poste à un deuxième poste d'une ligne de traitement de produits, par le moyen d'un chariot selon l'invention, et comprenant les étapes suivantes : The present invention also relates to a method of moving products from a first station to a second station of a product treatment line, by means of a carriage according to the invention, and comprising the following steps:
transfert des produits dudit premier poste vers la surface d'accueil dudit chariot,  transferring the products from said first station to the reception surface of said carriage,
arrivée de la navette, et solidarisation de la navette avec le plateau déplacement du chariot jusqu'au deuxième poste  arrival of the shuttle, and securing the shuttle with the tray moving the carriage to the second position
désolidarisation de la navette, et départ de la navette  uncoupling the shuttle, and departure of the shuttle
transfert des produits de la surface d'accueil vers ledit deuxième poste.  transferring the products from the reception area to said second station.
Grâce à ces dispositions, le nombre de navettes peut être inférieur au nombre de plateaux, et on peut donc obtenir le même service rendu avec un nombre de navettes inférieur au nombre de chariots qu'on aurait dû avoir en l'absence de l'invention. Thanks to these provisions, the number of shuttles can be less than the number of trays, and one can thus obtain the same service rendered with a number of shuttles less than the number of trolleys that should have been in the absence of the invention.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques :  According to other characteristics:
les produits peuvent être disposés sur ladite surface d'accueil selon des rangées successives non quinconcées, c'est à dire que les produits d'une rangée n'empiètent pas sur une rangée adjacentes, même pour des produits ronds tels que des bouteilles, ce qui donne la possibilité de reconstituer une file unique sans difficulté particulière, ledit plateau peut comporter au moins un bord, de préférence quatre bords, et ledit bord, de préférence les quatre bords, être actif pendant l'étape de déplacement du chariot, et escamoté pendant les étapes de transfert des produits, ce qui permet d'améliorer le maintien des produits pendant le déplacement, tout en conservant la facilité de transfert,  the products can be arranged on said reception surface in successive rows not stitched, that is to say that the products of a row do not encroach on an adjacent row, even for round products such as bottles, this which gives the possibility of reconstituting a single file without particular difficulty, said plate may comprise at least one edge, preferably four edges, and said edge, preferably the four edges, be active during the step of moving the carriage, and retracted during the product transfer stages, which makes it possible to improve the maintenance of the products during the movement, while maintaining the ease of transfer,
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui fait suite, en référence aux figures annexées dans lesquelles : The present invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended figures in which:
La figure 1 est une vue montre une ligne selon l'invention, en amont d'une centrale logistique d'expédition,  FIG. 1 is a view showing a line according to the invention, upstream of a dispatch logistics center,
- La figure 2 schématise des possibilités de sortie d'un poste de traitement dans trois configurations : 2a, 2b et 2c,  FIG. 2 schematizes the possibilities of output of a treatment station in three configurations: 2a, 2b and 2c,
- Les figures 3 à 6 illustrent un chariot selon l'invention lors de quatre étapes successives.  - Figures 3 to 6 illustrate a carriage according to the invention in four successive steps.
L'invention a ainsi tout d'abord pour objet une ligne 1 de traitement de produits 2 à la chaîne, comprenant, d'une part, une pluralité de postes 3 de traitement successif desdits produits 2, et, d'autre part, un moyen de déplacement 4, pour déplacer les produits 2 entre les postes 3 au sein de cette ligne 1 , en particulier, depuis un poste 3 amont dans lequel ils viennent d'être traités vers un poste 3 aval dans lequel ils doivent ensuite être traités.  The invention thus firstly relates to a line 1 for processing products 2 to the chain, comprising, on the one hand, a plurality of stations 3 for successive processing of said products 2, and, on the other hand, a moving means 4, for moving the products 2 between the stations 3 within this line 1, in particular, from an upstream station 3 in which they have just been processed to a downstream station 3 in which they must then be processed.
Les produits 2 sont en particulier du type conteneur de liquide tel que bouteille, vide ou plein, aliment, caisse, boîte, carton, vide ou plein, etc.  The products 2 are in particular of the liquid container type such as bottle, empty or full, food, box, box, cardboard, empty or full, etc.
La ligne 1 de traitement concernée par le recours à ce type de moyen de déplacement peut être l'installation complète qui assure le traitement complet depuis la fabrication du produit 2 jusqu'à son organisation en palette prête pour son suivi ultérieur dans un centre de tri logistique ou son expédition, ou seulement une partie d'une telle installation, notamment par exemple un ilot de postes 3 au sein d'une telle installation complète de préparation à l'expédition. Les débits attendus au sein d'une telle ligne 1 traitant les produits 2 à l'unité sont significativement plus élevés que ceux, en amont ou en aval, traitant des palettes, sur lesquels le nombre de produits 2 est significativement différent. Les produits sont généralement moins stables et les solutions techniques sont donc généralement différentes au moins pour ces deux raisons. The treatment line 1 concerned by the use of this type of moving means can be the complete installation which ensures the complete treatment from the manufacture of the product 2 to its organization in pallet ready for its subsequent monitoring in a logistics sorting center or its shipment, or only a part of such a facility, including for example an island of posts 3 within such a complete pre-shipment setup. The expected flow rates within such a line 1 treating the products 2 to the unit are significantly higher than those, upstream or downstream, dealing with pallets, on which the number of products 2 is significantly different. The products are generally less stable and the technical solutions are therefore generally different for at least two reasons.
Les postes 3 de traitement assurent en particulier la transformation des produits 2 à l'unité, tel que le remplissage, l'étiquetage, ou encore de plusieurs produits 2 du type conteneur simultanément pour les regrouper en pack, de plusieurs produits 2 du type caisse pour les organiser en couche sur une palette, etc. Les postes 3 successifs peuvent ainsi réaliser une fabrication, une transformation, un stockage et/ou encore en changement d'organisation géométrique des produitsThe processing stations 3 in particular ensure the transformation of the products 2 to the unit, such as filling, labeling, or several products 2 of the container type simultaneously to group in pack, several products 2 of the cash box type to layer them on a palette, etc. The successive stations 3 can thus realize a fabrication, a transformation, a storage and / or a change in the geometric organization of the products.
2. Bien entendu, la ligne 1 a des postes 3 qui reçoivent leurs produits 2 de l'extérieur, en tant que matière première pour la ligne 1 , ainsi que des postes 3 qui fournissent à l'extérieur les produits 2 en fin de traitement par la ligne 1 . La ligne 1 participe donc à la préparation en amont d'unités pour l'expédition logistique, généralement à base de palette, et non à la gestion, répartition et distribution de ces unités. 2. Of course, the line 1 has stations 3 which receive their products 2 from the outside, as raw material for the line 1, as well as stations 3 which supply the products 2 at the end of the treatment outside. by line 1. Line 1 therefore participates in the upstream preparation of units for logistic shipment, usually based on pallets, and not the management, distribution and distribution of these units.
Un poste 3 peut ainsi servir à stocker les produits 2 temporairement, éventuellement dans un état semi fini. Un tel poste 3 reçoit alors des produits 2 depuis le ou les chariots, et/ou fournit les produits 2 au ou aux chariots. Un tel stock peut être relié à l'extérieur de la ligne : en provenir ou y aller. De façon générale, un transfert des produits 2 du chariot a donc lieu au niveau d'un poste A station 3 can thus be used to temporarily store the products 2, possibly in a semi-finished state. Such a station 3 then receives products 2 from the carts or trolleys, and / or supplies the products 2 to the trolleys. Such a stock can be connected to the outside of the line: to come from or to go there. Generally, a transfer of the products 2 of the trolley takes place at the level of a post
3, où ils seront traités, transformés, stockés ou autres. Un poste 3 peut par exemple consister essentiellement en un stock de plateaux 17 superposés l'un au-dessus de l'autre, ou encore l'un à côté de l'autre. 3, where they will be processed, processed, stored or otherwise. A station 3 may for example consist essentially of a stock of trays 17 superimposed one above the other, or one next to the other.
La ligne 1 est aménagée dans un atelier ou hall adapté, et les postes 3 reposent préférablement au sol. Le moyen de déplacement 4 classiquement utilisé dans l'état de l'art est à base de convoyeurs à bande sans fin mobile, montés sur une structure fixe posée au sol dans l'atelier. Les opérateurs de ligne 1 évoluent dans cet atelier et il est alors nécessaire de prévoir notamment des passerelles pour contourner de tels moyens de déplacement 4. Les postes 3 sont difficilement mobiles et généralement ancrés au sol. Line 1 is arranged in a workshop or adapted hall, and stations 3 preferably rest on the ground. The moving means 4 conventionally used in the state of the art is based on mobile endless belt conveyors, mounted on a fixed structure placed on the ground in the workshop. The line operators 1 evolve in this workshop and it is then necessary to provide in particular bridges for bypassing such means of displacement 4. The stations 3 are difficult to move and generally anchored to the ground.
Selon l'invention, le moyen de déplacement 4 consiste essentiellement en au moins un chariot 5 mobile autoporté autonome évoluant au sol et sur lequel reposent les produits 2 au cours de leur déplacement au sein de la ligne 1 , préférablement une flotte de tels chariots 5 qui peuvent naviguer entre les postes 3 de la ligne 1 . Il n'est pas nécessaire que les chariots 5 rejoignent des équipements ou autres machines qui sont hors de la ligne 1 , mais ils peuvent être dédiés aux postes 3 de la ligne 1 . Les chariots 5 mettent donc en relation les différents postes 3 de la ligne 1 et assurent la circulation du flux de produits 2 au sein de la ligne 1 .  According to the invention, the moving means 4 consists essentially of at least one autonomous self-supporting mobile trolley 5 moving on the ground and on which the products 2 rest during their movement within the line 1, preferably a fleet of such trolleys 5 who can navigate between positions 3 on line 1. It is not necessary for the carriages 5 to reach equipment or other machines that are off line 1, but they can be dedicated to stations 3 of line 1. The carriages 5 thus connect the various stations 3 of the line 1 and ensure the flow of the product stream 2 within the line 1.
Le recours à des chariots 5 assure ainsi un maximum de flexibilité en fonction du nombre de produits 2 à traiter avec le format défini, mais aussi en fonction des postes 3 qui interviennent dans la réalisation du format défini, etc.  The use of trolleys 5 thus ensures maximum flexibility depending on the number of products 2 to be processed with the defined format, but also according to the positions 3 involved in the achievement of the defined format, etc.
On comprendra que ces chariots 5 forment des véhicules ou navettes autonomes, capables de déplacer plusieurs produits 2 à la fois entre deux postes 3 successifs. Le déplacement de ces chariots 5 crée donc le déplacement des produits 2 entre les postes 3. Le au moins un chariot 5 se déplace donc lors de la production par la ligne 1. En outre, on comprendra que la ligne 1 comprend une pluralité de plateaux 17, et éventuellement une pluralité de navettes 18. Une navette 18 peut coopérer avec plusieurs plateaux 17 différents à chaque fois pour former alors un chariot 5. Les combinaison d'une navette 18 et d'un plateau 17 pour former un chariot 5 sont multiples et dépendent du nombre de chacun d'eux dans la ligne 1. It will be understood that these carriages 5 form autonomous vehicles or shuttles, capable of moving several products 2 at a time between two successive stations 3. The displacement of these carriages 5 thus creates the movement of the products 2 between the stations 3. The at least one carriage 5 therefore moves during production by the line 1. In addition, it will be understood that the line 1 comprises a plurality of trays 17, and possibly a plurality of shuttles 18. A shuttle 18 can cooperate with several trays 17 different each time to then form a carriage 5. The combination of a shuttle 18 and a plate 17 to form a carriage 5 are multiple and depend on the number of each of them in line 1.
Selon une caractéristique additionnelle possible, le au moins un chariot 5 mobile est muni d'un entraînement embarqué, de sorte que ledit chariot 5 peut générer lui-même son propre mouvement, en particulier sous forme d'une motorisation, d'une transmission et d'un jeu de roues. Ledit chariot 5 mobile est ainsi mobile entre les postes 3, de sorte à atteindre un maximum de flexibilité dans les trajets à suivre en fonction des éléments, éventuellement mobiles, de l'environnement qu'il lui faut éviter, comme des opérateurs voire d'autres chariots 5 ou navettes 17. Le chariot 5 mobile présente, d'une part, une surface d'accueil 8 de produits 2 sur laquelle les produits 2 peuvent reposer par leur partie inférieure, et, d'autre part, un châssis sur lequel est monté au moins l'entraînement embarqué. La surface d'accueil 8 est préférablement horizontale, plane, et peut arriver à la hauteur de la sortie du poste 3 amont et/ou à la hauteur de l'entrée du poste 3 en aval à l'occasion du transfert des produits 2. Le chariot 5 peut être muni de plusieurs surfaces d'accueil 8 superposées, si nécessaire. According to an additional possible feature, the at least one mobile carriage 5 is provided with an onboard drive, so that said carriage 5 can itself generate its own movement, in particular in the form of a motor, a transmission and a set of wheels. Said mobile carriage 5 is thus movable between the stations 3, so as to achieve maximum flexibility in the paths to be followed depending on the possibly mobile elements of the environment that it must avoid, such as operators or even other trolleys 5 or shuttles 17. The mobile carriage 5 has, on the one hand, a product reception surface 8 on which the products 2 can rest by their lower part, and, on the other hand, a chassis on which at least the drive is mounted. embedded. The reception surface 8 is preferably horizontal, flat, and can reach the height of the exit of the upstream station 3 and / or the height of the entrance of the station 3 downstream on the occasion of the transfer of the products 2. The carriage 5 may be provided with several reception surfaces 8 superimposed, if necessary.
Pour son interaction avec les postes 3, le chariot 5 mobile peut aussi notamment comprendre des moyens d'accostage assurant l'interface mécanique et le bon positionnement avec le poste 3 où il reçoit les produits 2 et/ou le poste 3 où il livre les produits 2. Ces moyens d'accostage peuvent être notamment des moyens mécaniques de positionnement référencé, par exemple par des parties complémentaires comme des cônes ou autre solution classique.  For its interaction with the stations 3, the mobile carriage 5 can also notably include docking means ensuring the mechanical interface and the good positioning with the station 3 where it receives the products 2 and / or the station 3 where it delivers the products 2. These docking means may be in particular referenced positioning mechanical means, for example by complementary parts such as cones or other conventional solution.
Le chariot 5 comprend aussi éventuellement une réserve d'énergie pour le fonctionnement de l'entraînement embarqué, en particulier électrique, la ligne étant alors pourvue de moyen de fourniture d'énergie électrique pour recharger le chariot 5, par exemple lorsqu'il est accosté à un poste 3 ou en circulation. The carriage 5 also optionally comprises a reserve of energy for the operation of the onboard drive, in particular electrical, the line then being provided with means for supplying electrical energy to recharge the carriage 5, for example when it is accosted at station 3 or in circulation.
Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, la ligne 1 peut comprendre, en outre, une station d'accueil 16 pour recevoir temporairement, au cours de leur trajet entre les postes 3, des chariots 5, chargés ou non de produits 2, et éventuellement uniquement les plateaux 17, de sorte à assurer ainsi une zone d'accumulation en cas d'impossibilité pour le poste 3 de destination de recevoir les produits 2, ou d'impossibilité pour le poste 3 d'origine de fournir des produits 2. La ligne 1 peut ainsi avoir au moins une zone d'accumulation, dans laquelle les plateaux 17 sont disposés. According to another advantageous characteristic, the line 1 may furthermore comprise a docking station 16 for temporarily receiving, during their journey between the stations 3, carriages 5, loaded or not loaded with products 2, and possibly only the trays 17, so as to ensure an accumulation zone if it is impossible for the destination station 3 to receive the products 2, or impossibility for the original station 3 to provide products 2. Line 1 can thus have at least one accumulation zone, in which the trays 17 are arranged.
Selon une autre caractéristique additionnelle possible, chaque poste 3 est muni d'un moyen de transfert, pour récolter les produits 2 à traiter présents sur les chariots 5 et/ou pour déposer sur les chariots 5 les produits 2 traités, notamment un moyen de transfert comprenant un manipulateur 1 1 . Ce moyen de transfert assure ainsi le déplacement des produits 2 entre la surface d'accueil 8 et soit une zone d'entrée 14 soit une zone de sortie 15 du poste 3. De façon générale, ce moyen de transfert peut aussi être monté sur les chariots 5. Ainsi, dans des modes de réalisation particuliers, le au moins un chariot 5 est muni d'un moyen de transfert, pour récolter, au niveau de la zone de sortie 15 d'un poste 3, les produits 2 traités par lui et à déplacer vers un poste 3 aval, et/ou déposer en zone d'entrée 14 d'un poste 3 en aval, les produits 2 traités précédemment par un poste 3 amont et qu'il a déplacés. According to another possible additional feature, each station 3 is provided with a transfer means for harvesting the products 2 to be treated present on the carriages 5 and / or for depositing on the carriages 5 the treated products 2, in particular a transfer means. comprising a manipulator 1 1. This transfer means thus ensures the movement of the products 2 between the reception surface 8 and either an entry zone 14 or an exit zone 15 of the station 3. In general, this transfer means can also be mounted on the Thus, in particular embodiments, the at least one carriage 5 is provided with transfer means for harvesting, at the exit zone 15 of a station 3, the 2 products processed by him and move to a post 3 downstream, and / or deposit in the entry zone 14 of a post 3 downstream, the products 2 previously treated by a post 3 upstream and he has moved.
Ledit moyen de transfert, monté sur un poste 3 ou un chariot 5, repose par exemple sur une solution robotique multiaxe ou à glissières, éventuellement avec un convoyage complémentaire du type à bande sans fin.  Said transfer means, mounted on a station 3 or a carriage 5, for example based on a robotic multi-axis solution or slides, optionally with a complementary conveying type endless belt.
Selon une autre caractéristique additionnelle possible, les postes 3 traitent les produits 2 à l'unité et sont chacun munis d'un moyen d'alimentation à l'unité du type convoyage à bande sans fin, ainsi que d'un moyen d'extraction à l'unité du type convoyage à bande sans fin, les chariots 5 assurant le déplacement entre les postes 3 à chaque fois d'un lot de produits 2 similaires. Ces convoyages se situent respectivement en zone d'entrée 14 et zone de sortie 15. On comprend que toute configuration est envisageable : les chariots 5 peuvent, d'une part, recevoir des lots de produits 2 formant des tronçons d'une seule colonne ou de plusieurs colonnes, et, d'autre part, fournir des lots de produits 2 formant des tronçons d'une seule colonne ou de plusieurs colonnes. Le poste 3 peut être muni d'une solution de transformation du flux, pour convertir le flux unifilaire en flux pluri filaire ou inversement. Ainsi, les produits 2 transférés vers ou depuis un chariot 5 peuvent être sous forme d'une seule colonne ou de plusieurs.  According to another additional possible characteristic, the stations 3 process the products 2 to the unit and are each provided with a feeding means to the unit of the endless belt conveying type, as well as an extraction means. to the unit of the conveyor belt endless type, the carriages 5 moving between the positions 3 each time a batch of similar products 2. These conveyances are located respectively in entry zone 14 and exit zone 15. It is understood that any configuration is conceivable: the carriages 5 can, on the one hand, receive batches of products 2 forming sections of a single column or several columns, and, secondly, provide batches of products 2 forming sections of a single column or of several columns. The station 3 may be provided with a flux transformation solution for converting the single-wire flow to multi-wired stream or vice versa. Thus, the products 2 transferred to or from a carriage 5 can be in the form of a single column or several.
II peut ainsi être particulièrement avantageux de recevoir, dans la zone de sortie 15 d'un poste 3, les produits 2 en colonne unifilaire découpée successivement en lots à traiter et à accumuler transversalement sur le chariot 5, puis, pour le déchargement, dans la zone d'entrée 14 du poste 3 aval, de déplacer simultanément depuis le chariot 5 plusieurs tels lots. Grâce au principe de transfert sur le chariot 5, qui repose sur un transfert transversal de portions successives d'un flux, les produits 2 sont donc stockés sur le chariot 5 en matrice non quinconcée et peuvent ensuite être fournis au poste 3 en aval avec une telle organisation : on peut transférer un ou plusieurs segments parallèles simultanément. It can thus be particularly advantageous to receive, in the exit zone 15 of a station 3, the products 2 in a single-column column successively cut into batches to be processed and to accumulate transversely on the carriage 5, then, for unloading, in the input zone 14 of the station 3 downstream, simultaneously move from the carriage 5 several such batches. Thanks to the principle of transfer on the carriage 5, which is based on a transverse transfer of successive portions of a flow, the products 2 are stored on the carriage 5 matrix not stitched and can then be provided to the station 3 downstream with a such organization: one or more parallel segments can be transferred simultaneously.
L'invention a aussi pour objet un chariot 5 qui comprend, seules ou en combinaison, les caractéristiques décrites ici et nécessaires pour permettre la réalisation d'une ligne 1 selon l'invention. Dans des réalisations possibles de ce chariot 5, il présente une surface d'accueil 8 des produits 2 sur laquelle ils peuvent reposer par leur partie basse, c'est-à-dire le fond, ladite surface d'accueil 8 ayant une forme essentiellement rectangulaire, plane, préférablement sans aspérités, les produits 2 traités étant alimentés d'un côté de ladite surface et ressortis du côté opposé et accumulés en rangées adjacentes entre ces côtés, de sorte à assurer que le premier produit entré soit le premier produit sorti. The invention also relates to a carriage 5 which comprises, alone or in combination, the features described herein and necessary to allow the realization of a line 1 according to the invention. In possible embodiments of this carriage 5, it has a receiving surface 8 of the products 2 on which they can rest by their lower part, that is to say the bottom, said surface 8 having a substantially rectangular, flat shape, preferably without roughness, the treated products 2 being fed on one side of said surface and emerged on the opposite side and accumulated in adjacent rows between these sides, so as to ensure that the first product entered either the first product released.
Le chariot 5 peut comporter de manière séparable l'un de l'autre, d'une part un plateau 17, comprenant la surface d'accueil 8 et un moyen de supportage propre, tel que des pieds, et d'autre part une navette 18 comprenant ledit entraînement embarqué. The carriage 5 may comprise separably from one another, on the one hand a plate 17, comprising the receiving surface 8 and a own support means, such as feet, and on the other hand a shuttle 18 comprising said embedded drive.
La surface d'accueil 8 peut comporter au moins un, de préférence quatre, bord 19 escamotable. Cela permet de maintenir les produits 2 sur la surface d'accueil 8 pendant le déplacement du chariot 5.  The reception surface 8 may comprise at least one, preferably four, retractable edge 19. This keeps the products 2 on the receiving surface 8 during the movement of the carriage 5.
Lorsque le chariot 5 est en place contre un poste 3, au moins un bord 19 peut alors être escamoté, ce qui permet, lorsque la surface d'accueil 8 du chariot 5 est à fleur avec la surface du poste 3, de transférer les produits 2 du poste 3 vers le chariot 5 ou inversement, par un moyen de transfert qui est un simple moyen de poussée latérale, le cas échéant un moyen configuré pour pousser au moins une rangée de produits 2 à la fois, permettant ainsi de transférer des produits 2 non quinconcés, en maintenant leur disposition non quinconcée après le transfert. Le moyen de poussée peut bien entendu aussi être configuré pour pousser une partie seulement d'une rangée.  When the carriage 5 is in place against a station 3, at least one edge 19 can then be retracted, which allows, when the receiving surface 8 of the carriage 5 is flush with the surface of the station 3, to transfer the products 2 of the station 3 to the carriage 5 or vice versa, by a transfer means which is a simple means of lateral thrust, if necessary a means configured to push at least one row of products 2 at a time, thus making it possible to transfer products 2 not stuck, maintaining their disposition not stuck after the transfer. The pushing means can of course also be configured to push only part of a row.
Un tel moyen de transfert, le cas échéant un moyen de poussée, peut aussi être disposé comme un dispositif rattaché audit plateau 17, ce qui permet de l'adapter spécifiquement à la surface d'accueil 8 du plateau 17. Cela nécessite des dispositions pour le chargement de produits 2 se trouvant sur le poste 3, permettant audit moyen de transfert d'aller les chercher.  Such a transfer means, possibly a pushing means, can also be arranged as a device attached to said plate 17, which allows to specifically adapt it to the reception surface 8 of the plate 17. This requires provisions for the loading of products 2 on the station 3, allowing said means of transfer to fetch them.
Un tel moyen de transfert, le cas échéant un moyen de poussée, peut aussi être disposé comme un dispositif rattaché au poste 3, et configuré de sorte à pouvoir décharger le plateau 17, et à le charger.  Such a transfer means, possibly a pushing means, can also be arranged as a device attached to the station 3, and configured so as to discharge the plate 17, and to load.
On peut enfin prévoir que les postes 3 et les plateaux 17 comportent chacun un moyen de transfert ou de poussée. Une telle solution présente l'avantage que le moyen de transfert du poste 3 peut n'être apte qu'à charger le plateau 17, et le moyen de transfert du plateau 17 peut n'être apte qu'à décharger le plateau 17, par exemple. On peut imaginer d'autres répartitions des fonctions. Cela peut permettre de disposer de moyens de transferts plus simples, ce qui dans certains cas peut être moins complexe et moins coûteux qu'un moins grand nombre de moyens de transfert plus complexes. Finally, it can be provided that the stations 3 and the trays 17 each comprise a means of transfer or thrust. Such a solution has the advantage that the transfer means of the station 3 may only be able to load the plate 17, and the transfer means of the plate 17 may only be able to unload the plate 17, by example. We can imagine other distributions of functions. This may to provide simpler means of transfer, which in some cases may be less complex and less expensive than a smaller number of more complex means of transfer.
La navette 18 peut comporter des roulettes 20, par exemple des roulettes 20 multidirectionnelles. Elle peut comporter un châssis 21 disposé sur lesdites roulettes 20, et pouvant donc se déplacer dans toutes les directions sur une surface sensiblement horizontale. La navette 18 peut comporter ensuite un élévateur 22 mobile en translation verticale par rapport au châssis 21 , pour soulever le plateau 17 du sol.  The shuttle 18 may comprise rollers 20, for example multidirectional rollers 20. It may comprise a frame 21 disposed on said rollers 20, and can therefore move in all directions on a substantially horizontal surface. The shuttle 18 may then comprise an elevator 22 movable in vertical translation relative to the frame 21, to lift the tray 17 from the ground.
Ainsi comme illustré en fig. 3, un plateau 17 peut se trouver accosté à un poste 3. On peut prévoir un crochet 23, configuré pour attacher le plateau 17 au poste 3. As illustrated in FIG. 3, a plate 17 may be docked at a station 3. A hook 23 may be provided, configured to attach the plate 17 to the station 3.
On peut prévoir aussi de transférer tout ou partie des produits 2 du plateau 17 vers une surface d'accumulation intermédiaire, ou table, de laquelle les produits 2 sont ensuite amenés vers le convoyeur 10, et inversement pour un transfert depuis le plateau 17, vers une surface d'accumulation, puis vers le convoyeur 10.  It is also possible to transfer all or part of the products 2 of the plate 17 to an intermediate accumulation surface, or table, from which the products 2 are then fed to the conveyor 10, and vice versa for a transfer from the plate 17, to an accumulation surface, then to the conveyor 10.
Dans ces cas, une surface d'accumulation s'étend le long du convoyeur 10, et les plateaux 17 viennent contre ladite surface. On peut ainsi assurer un transfert des produits 2 depuis le convoyeur, sur la surface d'accumulation, puis sur le plateau 17, ou, inversement, un transfert depuis le plateau 17, jusque sur la surface d'accumulation, jusque sur le convoyeur 10. Ces transferts se font alors transversalement à la direction d'avance du convoyeur 10.  In these cases, an accumulation surface extends along the conveyor 10, and the trays 17 come against said surface. It is thus possible to transfer the products 2 from the conveyor, onto the accumulation surface, then onto the plate 17, or, conversely, transfer from the plate 17, to the accumulation surface, as far as the conveyor 10. These transfers are then transversely to the advance direction of the conveyor 10.
Plus précisément, on peut envisager une configuration comprenant  More specifically, it is possible to envisage a configuration comprising
- un convoyeur en aval du poste 3, sur lequel ce dernier délivre des produits 2,  a conveyor downstream from the station 3, on which the latter delivers products 2,
- une surface d'accumulation intermédiaire, ou table, contre un bord de laquelle s'étend ledit convoyeur,  an intermediate accumulation surface, or table, against an edge of which said conveyor extends,
- un moyen de chargement, qui transfère, par balayage transversal au convoyeur, les produits 2 depuis le convoyeur jusque sur la surface d'accumulation,  a loading means, which transfers, by transverse scanning to the conveyor, the products 2 from the conveyor to the accumulation surface,
- un moyen de déchargement, qui transfère, au niveau du bord de la surface d'accumulation qui est opposé à celui où se trouve le moyen de chargement, des produits 2 sur un plateau 17, transversalement à la direction du convoyeur, - unloading means, which transfers, at the edge of the accumulation surface which is opposite to that where the loading, products 2 on a plate 17, transversely to the direction of the conveyor,
- une navette 18 pouvant être accouplée au plateau 17 pour le déplacer. - A shuttle 18 can be coupled to the plate 17 to move it.
La configuration réciproque peut être envisagée, à savoir, outre les indications ci- dessus : The reciprocal configuration can be envisaged, namely, besides the above indications:
- le convoyeur est en amont du poste 3 et l'alimente en produits  the conveyor is upstream of station 3 and supplies it with products
- le moyen de chargement et de déchargement sont inversés  - the means of loading and unloading are reversed
- la navette déplaçant le plateau 17 afin qu'il alimente la ligne en produits 2.  the shuttle moving the plate 17 so that it feeds the line with products 2.
Les transferts de chargement, déchargement sont faciles et assurés par balayage sur des surfaces montées à fleur. Comme illustré en fig. 4, une navette 18, avec élévateur 22 en position basse, peut venir se placer sous le plateau 17. On peut prévoir que dès que la navette est en position sous le plateau 17, les bords escamotables 19 du plateau 17 se remettent en place, pour un bon maintien des produits 2. Loading, unloading transfers are easy and sweeping on flush mounted surfaces. As illustrated in fig. 4, a shuttle 18, with elevator 22 in the low position, can be placed under the plate 17. It can be expected that as soon as the shuttle is in position under the plate 17, the retractable edges 19 of the plate 17 are put back in place, for a good maintenance of products 2.
Comme illustré en fig. 5, on peut alors relever l'élévateur 22. La navette 18 se solidarise alors avec le plateau 17, par appui plan horizontal de deux surfaces, la soulève, et le cas échéant la décroche du poste 3 au niveau du crochet 23. As illustrated in fig. 5, it is then possible to raise the elevator 22. The shuttle 18 then solidifies with the plate 17, by horizontal plane support of two surfaces, lifts it, and if necessary unhooks the station 3 at the hook 23.
La fig. 6 illustre que le chariot 5, constitué de la navette 18 et du plateau 17 solidarisés entre eux, peut alors se déplacer, quitter le poste 3, pour se rendre vers un autre poste 3, ou toute autre destination prévue. Fig. 6 illustrates that the carriage 5, consisting of the shuttle 18 and the plate 17 joined together, can then move, leave the station 3 to go to another station 3, or any other intended destination.
A l'arrivée vers un autre poste 3, la procédure se fait alors en sens inverse :  On arrival to another station 3, the procedure is then in reverse:
approche du chariot 5 constitué de la navette 18 et du plateau 17 (fig. 6),  approach of the carriage 5 consisting of the shuttle 18 and the plate 17 (FIG.
- arrêt en position du chariot 5 (fig. 5),  - stop in position of the carriage 5 (fig 5),
descente de l'élévateur 22, jusqu'à ce que le plateau 17 repose sur ses pieds, et un peu plus pour désolidariser la navette 18 du plateau 17 (fig. 4),  descent of the elevator 22, until the plate 17 rests on its feet, and a little more to separate the shuttle 18 from the plate 17 (FIG 4),
escamotage des bords 19, et départ de la navette 18 (fig. 3). Le plateau 17 est alors attaché au poste 3, et le transfert des produits 2 peut se faire. Pendant toute la durée nécessaire au transfert des produits 2 entre le plateau 17 et le convoyeur 10, la navette 18 peut aller déplacer un autre plateau 17, puis revenir déplacer celle-ci quand il faudra le faire. Une autre navette 18 peut aussi venir déplacer ce plateau 17 dès que c'est nécessaire, plusieurs navettes 18 pouvant être compatibles avec chaque plateau 17, pour peu que soit possible la coopération par appui plan en vue de la solidarisation entre la navette 18 et le plateau 17. retraction of the edges 19 and departure of the shuttle 18 (FIG 3). The plate 17 is then attached to the station 3, and the transfer of the products 2 can be done. During all the time necessary for the transfer of the products 2 between the plate 17 and the conveyor 10, the shuttle 18 can move another tray 17, then come back to move it when it will have to do it. Another shuttle 18 can also move this plate 17 as soon as it is necessary, several shuttles 18 that can be compatible with each plate 17, as far as possible the support by plane support for the connection between the shuttle 18 and the tray 17.
Ainsi pour disposer d'un nombre N de chariots 5 opérationnels, il faut prévoir N plateaux 17, mais un plus petit nombre de navettes 18 est possible. Cela permet donc de réduire significativement le coût de l'investissement ; en effet le coût de l'entraînement embarqué de la navette 18 représente une part importante du coût d'un chariot 5.  Thus, in order to have a number N of operational carriages, it is necessary to provide N trays 17, but a smaller number of shuttles 18 is possible. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the cost of the investment; indeed the cost of the on-board drive of the shuttle 18 represents a significant part of the cost of a carriage 5.
On peut prévoir aussi que le déchargement des produits 2 commence dès que le plateau 17 est en place, et avant que la navette 18 ne soit partie. On peut aussi prévoir que la navette 18 vienne s'insérer sous le plateau 17 alors que le chargement n'est pas encore terminé, et éviter ainsi un temps d'attente entre la fin du chargement du plateau 17, et le début de son déplacement par la navette 18.  It can also be provided that the unloading of the products 2 begins as soon as the plate 17 is in place, and before the shuttle 18 is gone. It is also possible for the shuttle 18 to fit under the plate 17 while the loading is not yet complete, and thus avoid a waiting time between the end of the loading of the plate 17, and the beginning of its displacement by the shuttle 18.
On peut disposer un plateau 17 à un seul niveau, à une hauteur adaptée pour un travail d'opérateur. Mais on peut également envisager des plateaux 17 à plusieurs niveaux (non représentés), et une navette 18 adaptée pour relever son élévateur 22 à plusieurs intervalles de relevage, chacun correspondant à la situation où l'un des niveaux du plateau 17 est à fleur avec la table d'accueil du poste 3.  One can have a tray 17 at a single level, at a height suitable for operator work. But one can also consider trays 17 at several levels (not shown), and a shuttle 18 adapted to raise its elevator 22 at several lifting intervals, each corresponding to the situation where one of the levels of the tray 17 is flush with the reception table of post 3.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, on peut prévoir que les plateaux 17 comportent des roulettes, leur donnant une possibilité de court déplacement autonome, sans l'aide d'une navette 18.  According to another embodiment, it can be provided that the trays 17 comprise rollers, giving them a possibility of short autonomous movement, without the aid of a shuttle 18.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la hauteur des plateaux 17 peut être réglable. Cela permet d'utiliser les mêmes plateaux 17 pour des lignes de production différentes, dans lesquelles les postes 3 auraient une hauteur de surface d'accueil différente.  According to another embodiment, the height of the trays 17 can be adjustable. This makes it possible to use the same trays 17 for different production lines, in which the stations 3 would have a different reception surface height.
On peut aussi prévoir une hauteur de plateau 17 réglable automatiquement, pour permettre un transfert à un poste 3 avec une surface d'accueil différente des autres postes 3, pour des raisons d'ergonomie par exemple. L'interface entre un plateau 17 et une navette 18 peut être une surface plane, permettant une bonne solidarisation pendant un déplacement. La désolidarisation revient alors à prévoir un espace entre le plateau 17 et la navette 18, pour que la navette 18 puisse s'éloigner sans emmener le plateau 17. It is also possible to provide an automatically adjustable height of the tray 17, to allow a transfer to a station 3 with a different reception surface from the other stations 3, for reasons of ergonomics for example. The interface between a plate 17 and a shuttle 18 may be a flat surface, allowing good fastening during a displacement. The uncoupling then amounts to providing a space between the plate 17 and the shuttle 18, so that the shuttle 18 can move away without taking the plate 17.
Dans la description ci-dessus, en relation avec les figs. 3 à 6, on a considéré que la navette 18 se place sous le plateau 17, puis la soulève pour l'emporter. Ceci constitue un exemple simple de réalisation, avec comme avantage en particulier, en ce qui concerne le fait que la navette 18 se place sous le plateau 17, de minimiser l'encombrement d'un chariot 5 constitué d'un tel plateau 17 et d'une telle navette 18 et en ce qui concerne le soulèvement une solidarisation simple fiable du plateau 17 à la navette 18, et la possibilité de déplacer des plateaux 17 ne disposant pas de roulettes ni de tout autre moyen de déplacement autonome. Il est bien précisé que le simple soulèvement du plateau par la navette constitue un moyen de solidarisation. En effet après soulèvement, si la navette se déplace, le plateau l'accompagne forcément : ils sont donc solidaires.  In the above description, in relation to Figs. 3 to 6, it was considered that the shuttle 18 is placed under the plate 17, then raises to take it away. This is a simple example of embodiment, with the particular advantage, as far as the fact that the shuttle 18 is placed under the plate 17, to minimize the bulk of a carriage 5 constituted by such a plate 17 and such a shuttle 18 and with respect to the uprising simple reliable connection of the plate 17 to the shuttle 18, and the possibility of moving trays 17 do not have wheels or any other means of autonomous movement. It is clear that the simple raising of the plateau by the shuttle is a means of solidarity. Indeed after uprising, if the shuttle moves, the plateau necessarily accompanies: they are therefore solidarity.
Toutefois d'autres solutions sont possibles.  However, other solutions are possible.
On peut aussi prévoir que la navette 18 se place effectivement sous le plateau 17, mais ne la soulève pas. Elle se solidarise, par exemple par des crochets, ou des électro-aimants, et entraine le plateau, qui roule sur ses roulettes.  It is also possible that the shuttle 18 is actually placed under the plate 17, but does not lift it. It is solidified, for example by hooks, or electromagnets, and drives the tray, which rolls on its wheels.
On peut prévoir également que la navette 18 se place à côté d'un plateau 17, se solidarise par des crochets ou électro-aimants, puis entraine le plateau 17 pour le déplacement, qui bénéficie alors de ses roulettes propres lors du déplacement ; ou alors la navette 18 soulève le plateau 17 par un dispositif annexe, et peut alors déplacer des plateaux 17 sans roulettes ni moyen de déplacement autonome.  It can also be provided that the shuttle 18 is placed next to a plate 17, is secured by hooks or electromagnets, then drives the plate 17 for the displacement, which then benefits from its own wheels during movement; or the shuttle 18 raises the plate 17 by an auxiliary device, and can then move trays 17 without wheels or means of autonomous movement.
De manière générale, les produits 2 traités au sein de la ligne de traitement de produits 2 à la chaîne sont des bouteilles, flacons, ou autre contenants.  In general, the products 2 processed within the line of product processing 2 are bottles, flasks, or other containers.
Il s'agit donc de produits dits instables dans la mesure où leur plus grande dimension, encore appelée hauteur, est disposée perpendiculairement à leur base sur laquelle ils reposent. En effet, de tels produits peuvent facilement se renverser lorsqu'ils sont écartés de leur position d'équilibre. En d'autres termes, ces produits 2 se trouvent debout. Ainsi, afin d'éviter les chutes de produits 2 lors de leur transport et lors de leur transfert entre le plateau et un poste 3, la surface d'accueil 8 est de préférence plane et horizontale. En outre, cette surface peut être faite d'une matière telle, que le coefficient de frottement entre cette surface 8 et les produits 2 possède une valeur favorable pour que les produits 2 restent debout sans glisser lors du déplacement du chariot 5. L'homme du métier est à même, de par ses connaissances générales, de choisir une matière remplissant les critères précités. It is thus products said to be unstable insofar as their largest dimension, also called height, is arranged perpendicular to their base on which they rest. Indeed, such products can easily overturn when they are removed from their equilibrium position. In other words, these products 2 are standing. Thus, in order to prevent the falling of products 2 during their transport and during their transfer between the plate and a station 3, the reception surface 8 is preferably flat and horizontal. In addition, this surface may be made of a material such that the coefficient of friction between this surface 8 and the products 2 has a favorable value so that the products 2 remain upright without slipping when the carriage 5 is moved. the profession is able, by its general knowledge, to choose a material meeting the above criteria.
Toutefois, lorsque les produits 2 sont disposés sur le plateau 17 en formant des rangées non quinconcées, un système escamotable formé de parois verticales parallèles peut être disposé préalablement au déplacement du chariot 5, de sorte qu'une paroi se trouve entre chaque rangée, afin de s'assurer que les produits 8 restent en place. Un tel système est ensuite retiré pour le déchargement du plateau 17. Dans certains modes de réalisation, les produits 2 sont alignés le long de deux directions perpendiculaires l'une de l'autre, toujours sans quinconce. Ils forment alors des lignes et des colonnes. Dans ce cas, le système escamotable peut être formé de parois verticales formant un quadrillage de sorte que chaque produit 2 du plateau 17 se trouve isolé des autres à l'aide des parois. Ainsi, deux produits 2 ne peuvent pas entrer en contact.  However, when the products 2 are arranged on the plate 17 forming non-stitched rows, a retractable system formed of parallel vertical walls may be disposed prior to the displacement of the carriage 5, so that a wall is between each row, so to ensure that products 8 remain in place. Such a system is then removed for unloading the tray 17. In some embodiments, the products 2 are aligned along two directions perpendicular to each other, still without staggering. They form lines and columns. In this case, the retractable system may be formed of vertical walls forming a grid so that each product 2 of the plate 17 is isolated from the others using the walls. Thus, two products 2 can not come into contact.
Le plateau 17 peut comprendre un ou plusieurs convoyeur(s) formé(s) d'une bande sans fin enroulée autour de deux enroulements (dits amont et aval) situés respectivement au niveau de deux bords opposés de la surface d'accueil 8. Lorsqu'il y a plusieurs convoyeurs, ils sont généralement disposés côte à côte et les axes des enroulements amont sont préférablement confondus. Il en est de même pour les axes des enroulements aval. La surface d'accueil 8 est alors formée d'une ou plusieurs bande(s) sans fin. Elle est plane et horizontale entre les enroulements amont et aval situés au niveau de deux bords opposés de cette surface 8. Dans ce cas, les enroulements sont de préférence les les plus fins possibles afin de limiter tout risque de chute lors du transfert des produits 2. Une(De) telle(s) bande(s) sans fin peu(ven)t alors contribuer au transfert des produits 2 depuis ou vers un poste 3. The plate 17 may comprise one or more conveyor (s) formed (s) of an endless belt wrapped around two windings (called upstream and downstream) located respectively at two opposite edges of the receiving surface 8. When There are several conveyors, they are generally arranged side by side and the axes of the upstream windings are preferably confused. It is the same for the axes of the downstream windings. The reception surface 8 is then formed of one or more endless band (s). It is flat and horizontal between the upstream and downstream windings located at two opposite edges of this surface 8. In this case, the windings are preferably the finest possible to limit any risk of falling during the transfer of products 2 One (of) such endless band (s) can then contribute to the transfer of the products 2 from or to a station 3.
Dans le domaine de l'invention, les lignes de production et de conditionnement délivrent des produits 2 en flux continu et à une cadence élevée c'est-à-dire de l'ordre de plusieurs dizaines de milliers de produits 2 par heure. La liaison d'un poste 3 au suivant se doit donc d'être compatible avec les cadences requises.In the field of the invention, the production and packaging lines deliver products 2 in continuous flow and at a high rate that is to say the order of tens of thousands of products 2 per hour. The link from one station 3 to the next must therefore be compatible with the required rates.
Par conséquent, la surface d'accueil 8 possède des dimensions compatibles pour supporter un grand nombre de produits 2. De préférence, un même plateau 17 peut recevoir au moins vingt produits 2, en particulier au moins cinquante produits 2 et encore préférablement au moins cent produits 2. Généralement un chariot 5 peut transporter quelques centaines de produits 2 sur un même plateau 17. De cette manière, un grand nombre de produits 2 est déplacé simultanément d'un poste 3 à un autre, ce qui permet d'absorber le flux de produits 2 sortant d'un poste 3 pour l'amener vers un autre poste sans avoir à stopper de machine.Therefore, the receiving surface 8 has dimensions compatible to support a large number of products 2. Preferably, the same plate 17 can receive at least twenty products 2, in particular at least fifty products 2 and preferably at least one hundred products 2. Generally a carriage 5 can carry a few hundred products 2 on the same plate 17. In this way, a large number of products 2 is moved simultaneously from one station 3 to another, which absorbs the flow of products 2 leaving a station 3 to bring it to another station without having to stop the machine.
De manière générale, les postes 3 d'une ligne de traitement à la chaîne conforme à l'invention sont des machines de traitement qui sont fixes au sein de l'usine. Ainsi, lorsque de tels postes sont munis d'une table pour supporter et accumuler des produits, une telle table est également fixe. Généralement une telle table se trouve au niveau de la sortie d'un poste 3, pour que le poste 3 puisse continuer à délivrer des produits 2 pendant le chargement d'un plateau 17 et pendant l'attente de la venue d'un nouveau plateau 17 à charger. In general, the stations 3 of a chain treatment line according to the invention are processing machines which are fixed within the factory. Thus, when such stations are provided with a table for supporting and accumulating products, such a table is also fixed. Generally such a table is at the exit of a station 3, so that the station 3 can continue to deliver products 2 during the loading of a tray 17 and while waiting for the arrival of a new plateau 17 to load.
Dans le cadre de la présente invention, il est à noter que les plateaux 17 remplissent à la fois le rôle de convoyeur et de table d'accumulation. En effet, les chariots 5 déplacent les produits 2 d'un poste 3 de traitement au suivant, mais les produits 2 n'alimentent pas nécessairement le poste 3 suivant dès que possible après leur transfert sur une surface d'accueil 8. En effet, les produits 2 peuvent être placés en attente, c'est-à-dire qu'ils peuvent rester sur un plateau 17 jusqu'à ce que le poste 3 suivant soit prêt à accueillir de nouveaux produits 2. De ce fait, la présente invention est compatible avec une production et un conditionnement en flux continu et à haute cadence. Elle permet avantageusement d'améliorer la flexibilité d'une ligne à la chaîne tout en utilisant un nombre minimum de navettes 17 et sans impacter la capacité de production d'une ligne.  In the context of the present invention, it should be noted that the trays 17 fulfill both the role of conveyor and accumulation table. Indeed, the carriages 5 move the products 2 from one treatment station 3 to the next, but the products 2 do not necessarily feed the next station 3 as soon as possible after their transfer to a reception area 8. Indeed, the products 2 can be placed on hold, that is to say they can remain on a tray 17 until the next station 3 is ready to accommodate new products 2. As a result, the present invention is compatible with production and packaging in continuous flow and at high speed. It advantageously makes it possible to improve the flexibility of a line with the chain while using a minimum number of shuttles 17 and without impacting the production capacity of a line.
Bien que la description ci-dessus se base sur des modes de réalisations particuliers, elle n'est nullement limitative de la portée de l'invention, et des modifications peuvent être apportées, notamment par substitution d'équivalents techniques ou par combinaison différente de tout ou partie des caractéristiques développées ci-dessus. Although the description above is based on particular embodiments, it is in no way limiting to the scope of the invention, and modifications may be made, in particular by substitution of equivalents. techniques or by a different combination of all or part of the characteristics developed above.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Chariot (5), pour déplacer des produits (2) de type bouteilles d'un poste (3) à un autre d'une ligne (1 ) de traitement desdits produits (2), ledit chariot (5) étant mobile en déplacement sur un sol et comportant un moyen d'entraînement autonome configuré pour lui permettre de se déplacer d'un poste (3) prédéfini à un autre poste (3) prédéfini, ledit chariot (5) étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un plateau (17), muni d'une surface d'accueil (8) apte à recevoir une pluralité de produits (2), et une navette (18), munie dudit moyen d'entraînement autonome et d'un moyen de solidarisation/désolidarisation par rapport audit plateau (17). A trolley (5) for moving bottle-type products (2) from one station (3) to another of a line (1) for processing said products (2), said trolley (5) being movable by movement on a floor and comprising an autonomous drive means configured to enable it to move from a station (3) predefined to another station (3) predefined, said carriage (5) being characterized in that it comprises a tray (17), provided with a reception surface (8) adapted to receive a plurality of products (2), and a shuttle (18), provided with said autonomous drive means and a securing / detaching means with respect to said plate (17).
2. Chariot (5) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel ledit plateau (17) comporte au moins un, de préférence quatre, bord (19) escamotable, configuré pour pouvoir être actif, et maintenir les produits (2) à l'intérieur de ladite surface d'accueil (8), et pour pouvoir être escamoté pour permettre un transfert par poussée latérale d'une surface à l'autre.  2. Trolley (5) according to the preceding claim, wherein said plate (17) comprises at least one, preferably four, retractable edge (19), configured to be active, and keep the products (2) inside. said receiving surface (8), and to be retracted to allow lateral pushing transfer from one surface to another.
3. Chariot (5) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit plateau (17) comporte une structure de support propre, telle que des pieds, notamment munis de roulettes.  3. Trolley (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said plate (17) has a clean support structure, such as feet, including wheels.
4. Chariot (5) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite navette (18) est disposée entièrement sous ledit plateau (17) en position solidarisée, de sorte que la surface d'emprise au sol dudit chariot (5) n'est pas supérieure à la surface d'emprise au sol dudit plateau (17). 4. Trolley (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said shuttle (18) is disposed entirely beneath said plate (17) in a secured position, so that the footprint surface of said carriage (5) n is not greater than the footprint area of said tray (17).
5. Chariot (5) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite navette (18) comporte un châssis et un élévateur (22) mobile en translation verticale, et ledit moyen de solidarisation/désolidarisation comprend ledit élévateur (22), configuré pour soulever ledit plateau (17) en position solidarisée.  5. Trolley (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said shuttle (18) comprises a frame and an elevator (22) movable in vertical translation, and said securing / detaching means comprises said elevator (22), configured to lift said plate (17) in a secured position.
6. Chariot (5) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit plateau (17) comporte des pieds de hauteur variable par réglage.  6. Trolley (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said plate (17) has feet of variable height by adjustment.
7. Ligne (1 ) de traitement de produits (2) comportant des postes (3) dont au moins un est muni d'une table pour supporter et accumuler lesdits produits (2), et au moins un chariot (5) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la surface d'accueil (8) du plateau (17) est disposée, pour un transfert de produits (2), à la même hauteur du sol que ladite table, de sorte que quand ledit plateau (17) est disposé adjacent à ladite table, la surface d'accueil (8) est à fleur avec ladite table. 7. Line (1) for processing products (2) comprising stations (3), at least one of which is provided with a table for supporting and accumulating said products (2), and at least one carriage (5) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving surface (8) of the plate (17) is arranged for a transfer of products (2) to the same height of the ground as said table, so that when said plate (17) is disposed adjacent to said table, the receiving surface (8) is flush with said table.
8. Procédé de déplacement de produits (2) d'un premier poste (3) à un deuxième poste (3) d'une ligne (1 ) de traitement de produits (2), par le moyen d'un chariot (5) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, et comprenant les étapes suivantes :  Method of moving products (2) from a first station (3) to a second station (3) of a product processing line (1) (2) by means of a carriage (5) according to one of claims 1 to 6, and comprising the following steps:
- transfert des produits (2) dudit premier poste (3) vers la surface d'accueil (8) dudit chariot (5),  - transfer of products (2) from said first station (3) to the reception surface (8) of said carriage (5),
arrivée de la navette (18), et solidarisation de la navette (18) avec le plateau (17),  arrival of the shuttle (18), and securing the shuttle (18) with the plate (17),
déplacement du chariot (5) jusqu'au deuxième poste (3), - désolidarisation de la navette (18), et départ de la navette (18),  moving the carriage (5) to the second station (3), - disconnecting the shuttle (18), and leaving the shuttle (18),
transfert des produits (2) de la surface d'accueil (8) vers ledit deuxième poste (3).  transferring the products (2) from the receiving surface (8) to said second station (3).
9. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel les produits (2) sont disposés sur ladite surface d'accueil (5) selon des rangées successives non quinconcées.  9. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein the products (2) are arranged on said receiving surface (5) in successive rows not quinconcées.
10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, ledit plateau (17) comportant au moins un bord (19), de préférence quatre bords (19), selon la revendication 3, et ledit bord (19) est, de préférence les quatre bords (19) sont, actif pendant l'étape de déplacement du chariot (5), et escamoté pendant les étapes de transfert des produits (2).  10. Method according to one of claims 8 or 9, said plate (17) having at least one edge (19), preferably four edges (19), according to claim 3, and said edge (19) is preferably the four edges (19) are active during the step of moving the carriage (5), and retracted during the transfer steps of the products (2).
11 . Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, dans lequel ladite solidarisation de la navette et du plateau consiste en un relevage dudit plateau par ladite navette, et ladite désolidarisation consiste en une descente dudit plateau jusqu'à ce qu'il repose sur des moyens de supportage propres, du type pieds.  11. Method according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein said joining of the shuttle and the plate consists of a lifting of said plate by said shuttle, and said uncoupling consists of a descent of said plate until it rests on own support means, feet type.
EP17793701.8A 2016-10-04 2017-10-03 Movement of products on a line Withdrawn EP3523228A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1659566A FR3056971A1 (en) 2016-10-04 2016-10-04 MOVING PRODUCTS IN A LINE
PCT/FR2017/052714 WO2018065722A1 (en) 2016-10-04 2017-10-03 Movement of products on a line

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US20200039763A1 (en) 2020-02-06
FR3056971A1 (en) 2018-04-06

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