EP3414020B1 - Method for covering internal walls of a cavity with a protective layer made of corrosion protecting wax or other wax based corrosion protecting material - Google Patents
Method for covering internal walls of a cavity with a protective layer made of corrosion protecting wax or other wax based corrosion protecting material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3414020B1 EP3414020B1 EP17703199.4A EP17703199A EP3414020B1 EP 3414020 B1 EP3414020 B1 EP 3414020B1 EP 17703199 A EP17703199 A EP 17703199A EP 3414020 B1 EP3414020 B1 EP 3414020B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mist
- cavity
- protective agent
- corrosion
- wax
- Prior art date
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 170
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
- B05B13/0627—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/02—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
- B05B12/06—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery for effecting pulsating flow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/10—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2259/00—Applying the material to the internal surface of hollow articles other than tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2501/00—Varnish or unspecified clear coat
- B05D2501/10—Wax
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for covering the inner walls of a cavity of a vehicle body or an add-on part for a vehicle body with a protective layer of anti-corrosion wax or a wax-based anti-corrosion agent according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Generic methods are used in vehicle construction in order to protect body parts and in particular cavities in body parts and their attachments such as flaps, doors and the like against environmental influences. Typically, this is done by either applying anti-corrosion wax to the surfaces in question by spraying or by flooding the cavities with anti-corrosion wax and then removing excess protective wax from the surfaces in question.
- Spraying corrosion protection wax does not allow complex geometries to reach all surfaces of the cavity starting from an exit point of the protection wax. Beyond, for example, bulkhead sheets that apply to the reinforcement, spray shadow areas that cannot be reached can remain. Even tight geometries such as intermediate areas of double-walled designs are difficult to reach by spraying.
- Flooding with anti-corrosive wax requires great energy and amounts of protective wax and is made more difficult by the need to remove the excess protective wax. Furthermore, improvements in cycle times when applying anti-corrosion wax by flooding are difficult to achieve.
- a method for lining pipes of a pipeline is known.
- a plastic mist is used here.
- a method for reducing leakage on pipes is known, which is based on the fact that an aqueous wax dispersion is passed through the pipe and reaches the surrounding earth through damaged areas, where it seals the damaged area.
- Another method for repairing pipes in the ground is known.
- From the GB 867303 A is a process for lining steel tanks known.
- the US 3488213 A discloses a method for lining beer kegs with a wax layer.
- the object of the invention is to provide a technically uncomplicated method by means of which a reliable covering of inner surfaces of a cavity is possible with little use of protective agents.
- Corrosion protection wax or wax-based corrosion protection agent is brought into a nebulized form (protective agent mist) by means of a mist generator and supplied to the cavity of the vehicle body or the add-on part to be preserved through an outlet opening.
- the protective agent mist consists of air and droplets of the anti-corrosion wax or wax-based anti-corrosion agent, the mean diameter of the droplets of the supplied mist is ⁇ 60 ⁇ m and the droplets of the protective agent mist emerge from the outlet opening at a speed of ⁇ 10 m / s.
- the protective agent mist is deposited on the inner walls of the cavity of the vehicle body or the add-on part and forms a layer of anti-corrosion agent here.
- the corrosion protection agent used in the method according to the invention can be designed as a corrosion protection wax and as such has a wax content (mineral oil-based wax / paraffin) of at least 50% by weight.
- wax-based corrosion protection agents with a lower wax content of at least 5% by weight and preferably between 5% by weight and 15% by weight can also be used.
- Such corrosion protection agents can in particular also contain a proportion between 15% by weight and 30% by weight of a polyester resin. This gives the used protective layer a high degree of thermal stability after it has dried through.
- corrosion protection agent includes both classic corrosion protection wax with a high wax content and corrosion protection agent with a lower wax content.
- a fog atmosphere of corrosion protection agent and gas is generated within the cavity or such a fog atmosphere is supplied to the cavity becomes.
- This consists of gas, especially air, and the finest droplets of the anti-corrosion agent. These are atomized small enough to be able to float in the surrounding air.
- the average droplet size of the droplets of the corrosion protection agent in the mist is ⁇ 60 ⁇ m, in particular preferably ⁇ 30 ⁇ m or even ⁇ 10 ⁇ m on average.
- a protective agent mist is generated by means of a suitable mist generator.
- This can be a single-substance nozzle, for example, to which the corrosion agent is supplied at high pressures. This is explained in more detail below. Compared to the single-substance nozzle, which is operated at high pressures, a two-substance nozzle is considered to be advantageous, since very small droplets can also be generated at lower pressures.
- fog is also known as an undesirable side effect of wax spraying, as can be seen, for example, in DE 102009052089 A1 .
- the discharge process is preferably of such a type, in particular by the choice of the nozzle used and the pressure under which the anti-corrosion agent and possibly compressed air is supplied, that at least 50%, preferably at least 80%, of the droplets produced have a size of around does not deviate more than 20% from the mean droplet size mentioned.
- the fog atmosphere of the protective agent mist which according to the invention is introduced into the cavity for the purpose of surface coating, largely does not directly affect the walls of the cavity, unlike when spraying the anti-corrosion agent, but initially distributes itself in the cavity and then also deposits surfaces that would not be directly accessible by spraying from the outlet opening.
- the size of the droplets and the exit velocity and, if appropriate, also the influence on the mist formed should preferably be selected in order to generate this mist atmosphere such that at least 50% of the volume flow of the protective agent introduced takes 5 seconds or more until the droplets have deposited on the walls.
- the foggy atmosphere therefore has time to be largely homogeneously distributed in the cavity.
- the type of precipitation of the protective agent and the layer formation can be influenced by targeted heating or cooling of the walls of the cavity. Furthermore, it is also possible to influence the precipitation by electrostatically charging the protective agent before or during the discharge and / or charging of the walls.
- the solidification can be brought about by an elevated temperature and a reduced temperature of the protective agent.
- chemical drying, radiation drying or drying by air flow is also possible.
- the protective agent mist can remain in the cavity at the end of the process or can be extracted from it.
- the types of wax that are usually used today for spraying or flooding the cavities in vehicles are suitable as corrosion protection agents.
- the anti-corrosion wax with the brand name Eftec Efcoat WH 320 A1 is just one example, which can be used here.
- Other corrosion protection agents mentioned by way of example, which can be removed by means of the method according to the invention, are the corrosion protection agents available under the brand names Anticorit CPX 3373 LV and Anticorit DS 329 DE.
- Anticorit CPX 3373 is a wax-based corrosion protection agent with a wax content of approximately 5 to 15% by weight and a polyester resin as an additive with a content between 15% and 30% by weight.
- Such wax-based corrosion protection agents have proven to be particularly suitable for atomization.
- Such an anti-corrosion agent preferably further comprises a filler, in particular with a proportion between 15% by weight and 25% by weight and / or additives such as anti-corrosion additives with a proportion from 10% by weight to 20% by weight.
- the viscosity of the corrosion protection agent used is preferably below 750 mPas, particularly preferably below 600 mPas. Such low-viscosity corrosion protection agents have proven to be advantageous in order to generate the desired protective agent mist.
- the droplets of the protective agent mist emerge from the outlet opening at a speed of ⁇ 10 m / s, in particular ⁇ 5 m / s, preferably 2 ⁇ m / s, particularly preferably ⁇ 0.5 m / s.
- the velocity of the droplets being discharged is not completely uniform.
- the two-substance nozzles that are preferably used for the generation of mist for example a Miniquest nozzle from Düsen-Schlick GmbH from Untersiemau / Coburg, produce droplets of different speeds. Usually, the speed is highest in a center of the cloud of nascent.
- the speed values given above do not take these particularly fast droplets into account. They relate to the 80% of the volume flow that is generated by the slowest droplets.
- a gas is supplied to the cavity at a different second introduction point in order to influence the direction of the flow of the protective agent mist in the cavity and / or the speed of the protective agent mist to reduce.
- This gas which can in particular be air, is preferably supplied through a second opening in the walls of the cavity, this opening being particularly preferably arranged at a location of the cavity opposite the mist generator.
- the supply of gas serves in particular the purpose of producing a type of gas or air cushion which is able to prevent droplets of the protective agent mist from directly hitting one of the walls of the cavity.
- a counter pressure that counteracts the spreading of the droplets is generated, by means of which the droplets are braked so that they become part of a foggy atmosphere.
- a particularly low volume flow becomes the cavity regarded as particularly advantageous, in particular a volume flow of the corrosion protection agent of less than 200 g / minute, preferably less than 100 g / minute, particularly preferably less than 50 g / minute.
- the protective agent mist can be supplied at several points or at different points within the cavity to be preserved.
- the protective agent mist can also be supplied by means of a plurality of mist generators which are arranged at different points within the cavity to be preserved and / or are arranged in different directions relative to the cavity to be preserved.
- the fog atmosphere can be created from both ends by means of several outlet openings, which are arranged, for example, at opposite ends of an elongated cavity.
- an outlet opening which is movable within the cavity and discharges at different points, a very homogeneous fog atmosphere can be created with only one outlet opening.
- a plurality of outlet openings which point in different directions, particularly in conjunction with a joint movement of these outlet openings through the cavity, it can be ensured particularly well that the foggy atmosphere also reaches surface areas which are difficult to access.
- Protective agent mist can be supplied via several mist generators, for example by using a two-substance nozzle in combination with the above-mentioned supply of gas. By introducing protective agent mist through two approximately oppositely oriented nozzles, it is achieved that these generate a standing mist cloud in a particularly advantageous manner Droplets do not precipitate on walls of the cavity immediately after introduction into the cavity.
- the protective agent mist can be moved within the cavity by generating a pressure difference between two disputed partial areas of the cavity.
- a periodically repeated movement of the protective mist in the cavity can be generated by alternately generating an overpressure and a vacuum in at least one partial area of the cavity.
- the protective agent mist distributes itself largely homogeneously in the cavity.
- a distribution of the droplets of the protective agent mist can be positively influenced if the introduction takes place in a pulsed manner.
- This is understood to mean that the parameters of the fog generation by the at least one fog generator change repeatedly.
- the pressure of the air supplied to the mist generator could fluctuate periodically.
- the average frequency of the pulsed operation is preferably between 0.1 Hz and 5 Hz.
- mist generators which operate in such a way that a first of the two mist generators and a second of the two mist generators alternately discharge the relatively larger volume flow.
- two separate and controllable mist generators are provided which are spaced apart and which alternate with the larger volume flow of corrosion protection agent deliver. This also makes it possible to generate a periodically recurring movement of the fog, which causes the fog to be distributed quickly and homogeneously.
- a typical workpiece, which is protected against corrosion by the method according to the invention is the partial area of a body with an elongated cavity. In such a case, it is possible to let the protective mist exit through the outlet opening in alignment with the main direction of extension of the cavity.
- the protective mist can also emerge from the outlet opening in a direction that is angled relative to the main direction of extent of such a cavity.
- the protective mist moves helically within the preferably elongated cavity, which favors precipitation on all surfaces.
- a similar effect can be achieved by providing an influence that takes place after the fog exits through the outlet opening.
- the protective agent mist can be influenced in a targeted manner with regard to its direction of movement, in particular by supplying air from air nozzles different from the outlet opening. Due to their mutually angled alignment, these air nozzles are also capable of causing such a helical movement of the fog atmosphere.
- Mist nozzles are already known from other areas of the prior art.
- a possible embodiment provides that only the anti-corrosion agent is pressurized and atomized through a narrow single-substance nozzle.
- the liquid anticorrosive agent is preferably supplied at a pressure of at least 20 bar, particularly preferably at least 60 bar. Higher pressures are particularly advantageous, especially from about 100 bar. It is true that the nebulization can be positively influenced by significantly exceeding this value. Beyond 120 bar, however, the effort involved in handling the protective agent before it is discharged is so great that it should normally be avoided.
- An alternative design provides that corrosion protection agent and air, which are each pressurized, are mixed before or when the protective agent mist escapes.
- the pressurized air tears apart the liquid anti-corrosion agent and thereby creates the mist.
- this technique allows the generation of mist with a sufficiently small droplet size even at comparatively low pressures.
- a feed pressure of between 1 bar and 3 bar for the corrosion protection agent and between 1 bar and 5 bar for the air is preferably used. Due to the low pressures, the total effort for the process is less than when using single-component nozzles, where higher pressures are required.
- the two-substance nozzle is fed with air in such a way that it is accelerated to over 100 m / s, ideally to about 250 m / s before it emerges.
- the best parameter selection for generating the desired protective agent mist is currently considered to be if a two-substance nozzle is used, within which anti-corrosion agent is atomized by gas, in particular air, the volume flow of the anti-corrosion agent being less than 100 g / min for atomization and the atomizing air with more than 100 m / s is supplied.
- the supply pressure of the air from 1.5 bar to 2.5 bar and the supply pressure of the anti-corrosion agent from 2 bar to 4 bar are considered optimal.
- the mist that can be created in this way forms a fine mist atmosphere, which is deposited in the form of a thin and very homogeneous protective layer on the walls of the cavity.
- Another possibility of generating fog provides a high-frequency oscillating actuator, for example a piezo actuator or another form of an ultrasonic atomizer.
- mist generators and outlet openings it can additionally be provided that they have a rotatable component, so that the outlet openings are in a rotational movement during the outlet of the corrosion protection agent, which serves for the homogeneous distribution of the corrosion protection agent.
- a mist generation chamber can be connected upstream of the outlet opening.
- the mist generator can be designed to generate the protective agent mist in the mist generation chamber.
- Conveying means for conveying the protective agent mist to the outlet opening can be provided.
- the upstream mist generation chamber is used to generate a homogeneous mist before it is introduced into the cavity to be preserved.
- a conveying device such as a pump for conveying the protective agent mist or for generating an overpressure in the mist generation chamber, this mist is supplied to the cavity in the homogenized form.
- the method can be used to feed the protective agent mist into a cavity between the walls of a double-walled hollow body. It can also be used to feed the protective agent mist into a cavity, the inner walls of which, starting from the positioning of the outlet opening within the cavity, are covered at least in sections by other wall sections. Surfaces of curved or angled cavities can also advantageously be provided with anti-corrosion agents using the described method. In such designs in particular, the protective agent mist can achieve better results than spraying protective waxes.
- the system has a working position at which a workpiece with a cavity to be preserved can be positioned. It has a feed device for feeding a corrosion protection agent into the cavity.
- the feed device has a mist generator with an outlet opening which can be positioned on or in the cavity to be preserved in such a way that the anti-corrosion agent can be introduced into the cavity in a nebulized form (protective agent mist).
- the system can have air nozzles for introducing air for the purpose of moving the protective agent mist generated within the cavity.
- the system can have at least one pressure generator, by means of which a partial vacuum or an excess pressure can be generated in a partial area of the cavity.
- the pressure generator can be provided with a control device by means of which periodically changing pressure can be generated within the cavity.
- the system is designed to generate a protective agent mist of the type described above.
- system can have further components mentioned for the method described and in connection with the exemplary embodiments.
- FIGS 1 and 2 show an exemplary workpiece 10, which can be, for example, a partial section of a sill of a motor vehicle. It poses Figure 1 one cut and Figure 2 a perspective, sectioned representation. As can be seen, a cavity 12 of this sill is not only limited by a cylindrical outer wall 20, but also by partition plates 22.
- the aim of the method described here is to cover the surfaces within the cavity with anti-corrosion wax or wax-based anti-corrosion agent.
- the aforementioned baffle plates 22 make it impossible to reach all surfaces starting from an end face region 14 of the cavity 12 by spraying corrosion protection agents.
- Figure 3 shows how in the method according to the invention an applicator 30 with a mist nozzle (not shown in the figure) with an outlet opening 32 is inserted into the cavity 12 at the end.
- the protective agent mist 40 is then introduced into the cavity 12 through the outlet opening 32 of the applicator.
- the protective agent mist 40 consists of fine droplets with an average diameter of less than 60 microns.
- the protective agent mist 40 is distributed within the cavity 12 and is deposited on the surfaces of the outer wall 20 and the partition plates 22.
- the mist introduced is to be distinguished from spraying, which is already known in the area of cavity preservation.
- spraying which is already known in the area of cavity preservation.
- the generation of mist in the sense of the invention and the known spraying consistently provide that the liquid cavity preservative in the form of small droplets which are introduced into the cavity.
- the mean droplet diameter is smaller, preferably less than 30 ⁇ m, particularly preferably less than 10 ⁇ m, and that the droplets do not hit and remain directly on a wall of the hollow body and remain there, but rather a fog atmosphere form within the hollow body, which moves very slowly within the hollow body.
- the majority of the cavity preservative that is introduced into the cavity has not come into contact with the wall even 5 seconds after the introduction.
- Figure 4 shows the cavity with a protective agent layer 50, which has deposited on the walls.
- a protective agent layer 50 in areas 52 which would not have been accessible directly from the outlet opening 32 by spraying, but only due to the tendency of the protective agent mist 40 to be homogeneously distributed in the cavity 12 and to be deposited on the surfaces.
- Figure 5 shows an example of a single-substance nozzle forming the mist generator 31.
- This can be provided at the end in the applicator 30. It has a thin nozzle channel 34, the opening of which defines the outlet opening 32, a sharp-edged design being provided on edges 36 of this outlet opening 32 for the purpose of tearing the corrosion protection agent into fine drops.
- the anti-corrosion agent is supplied through a supply channel 38 under high pressure. The higher the pressure, the finer the droplets of the anti-corrosion agent. It is particularly advantageous if the anti-corrosion agent in channel 38 has a pressure between 80 and 120 bar.
- Figure 6 shows again, similar to the Figure 3 , the introduction of the anti-corrosion agent into the cavity.
- the special feature here is that the outlet opening 32 is displaced within the cavity in the manner illustrated by the arrow 2. This can result in an even more homogeneous distribution of the fog.
- the time required for the mist to be homogeneously distributed can also be shortened. This serves to achieve short cycle times.
- pressure channels 70, 72 are respectively connected to the two opposite end regions 14, 16 of the cavity 12. These allow an overpressure or underpressure to be created specifically in the regions 14, 16. As a result, the cloud of fog 40 can in turn be moved back and forth within the cavity 12, as is illustrated by the arrows 4a, 4b. In particular, the complete overlap of the bulkhead plates 22 with anti-corrosion agents is favored by this.
- the pressure channel 72 on the side opposite the nozzle can also be advantageous when introducing the cloud of fog, since it allows an air cushion to be generated by the application of air to introduce fog droplets at the pressure channel 72, which prevents that an excessively high proportion of the droplets is deposited directly on a wall of the cavity 12 due to their exit velocity.
- Figure 8 shows a design in which, in addition to the applicator 30, two air nozzles 60 are introduced in the end region of the cavity, these air nozzles each defining an outlet direction of the air, which does not only run in the main direction of extent 1 of the cavity 12, but both in the clockwise direction or both in opposite directions are angled clockwise.
- a helical swirl in the mist 40 can be generated, which, as it were, causes the mist to be screwed into the cavity and thereby in turn favors the covering of even difficult-to-access areas.
- Figure 9 shows that something similar can also be achieved in that the mist generator itself has two outlet openings 32a, 32b which are angled in opposite directions in order to be able to generate the desired swirl.
- the applicator 30 can rotate as a whole.
- a mist generation chamber 80 belonging to the system and not belonging to the workpiece is provided, into which the protective agent mist 40 is generated by a mist nozzle 31. From here, the mist is fed to the actual cavity through a channel 90. This can be done by means of a pump 92 or, for example, by creating an excess pressure in the mist generation chamber 80 via a separate channel in addition to the protective agent mist 40, which presses the protective agent mist 40 through the channel 90 into the workpiece.
- Fig. 11 shows a further exemplary embodiment, in which, in deviation from the previous exemplary embodiments, a mist generator 31A, 31B is provided at two ends of the cavity with a protective agent layer, each of which is designed as a two-component mist nozzle.
- a mist generator 31A, 31B is provided at two ends of the cavity with a protective agent layer, each of which is designed as a two-component mist nozzle.
- a mist generator 31A, 31B is provided at two ends of the cavity with a protective agent layer, each of which is designed as a two-component mist nozzle.
- a protective agent layer each of which is designed as a two-component mist nozzle.
- it can be nozzles of the type Mod. 970/0 S4 from the company Düsen-Schlick GmbH from Untersiemau / Coburg. These nozzles are in the case of the embodiment of the Fig. 11 inserted through side openings of the workpiece.
- the mist generators 31A, 31B are supplied with anti-corrosion agent and air via lines 33A, 33B. Only a small volume flow of anti-corrosion agent of about 50 ml / min is supplied. The actual atomization at the outlet nozzle of the mist generator 31A, 31B takes place with inflow of air at a speed of approximately 250 m / s and with inflow pressures of 2 bar in the case of air and 3 bar in the case of the anti-corrosion agent. The result is the generation of a mist with an average droplet size of approximately 10 ⁇ m.
- the cloud of mist emerges from the mist generator in the form of a cone, the speed in the center of this cone being approximately 16 m / s and rapidly falling to below 10 m / s to the outside. Due to the air resistance, the small droplets cause them to decelerate immediately after they exit. This effect is further enhanced by an air cushion that is created by the opposite mist generator.
- the fine droplet size and the effect of these air cushions mean that the majority of the corrosion protection agent introduced initially forms a standing or only slightly moved foggy atmosphere, the droplets of which remain in suspension for at least 5 seconds until they settle on a wall.
- the Figures 12 and 13 illustrate this phase of fog formation and precipitation.
- the introduction can take place in a phase of 2 to 3 seconds in length, followed by a short phase of 1 to 3 seconds with the mist generator deactivated.
- the 14 to 16 illustrate this using an example with two mist generators 31A, 31B.
- fog is generated by the fog generator 31B on the left in the figures, we Fig. 14 shows.
- the discharge is then continued again with a discharge process on the left mist generator 31B. In this way, the desired dense cloud of fine droplets 40 is obtained, which are then deposited on the walls in the manner already described.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überdeckung von Innenwandungen eines Hohlraums einer Fahrzeugkarosserie oder eines Anbauteils für eine Fahrzeugkarosserie mit einer Schutzschicht aus Korrosionsschutzwachs oder einem wachsbasierten Korrosionsschutzmittel nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for covering the inner walls of a cavity of a vehicle body or an add-on part for a vehicle body with a protective layer of anti-corrosion wax or a wax-based anti-corrosion agent according to the preamble of
Gattungsgemäße Verfahren finden im Fahrzeugbau Verwendung, um Karosserieteile und insbesondere Hohlräume von Karosserien und deren Anbauteilen wie Klappen, Türen und dergleichen gegen Umwelteinflüsse zu schützen. Typischerweise erfolgt dies dadurch, dass Korrosionsschutzwachs entweder durch Sprühen auf die betreffenden Oberflächen aufgebracht wird oder dass durch Fluten der Hohlräume mit Korrosionsschutzwachs und anschließendes Entfernen überschüssigen Schutzwachses die betreffenden Oberflächen bedeckt werden.Generic methods are used in vehicle construction in order to protect body parts and in particular cavities in body parts and their attachments such as flaps, doors and the like against environmental influences. Typically, this is done by either applying anti-corrosion wax to the surfaces in question by spraying or by flooding the cavities with anti-corrosion wax and then removing excess protective wax from the surfaces in question.
Beide Verfahren sind nicht für jeden Einsatzweck ideal. Das Sprühen von Korrosionsschutzwachs erlaubt es bei komplexen Geometrien nicht, ausgehend von einem Austrittpunkt des Schutzwachses alle Oberflächen des Hohlraums zu erreichen. Jenseits von beispielsweise Schottblechen, die der Verstärkung gelten, können Sprühschattenbereiche verbleiben, die nicht erreichbar sind. Auch enge Geometrien wie beispielsweise Zwischenbereiche von doppelwandigen Gestaltungen sind durch Sprühen schwer erreichbar. Das Fluten mit Korrosionsschutzwachs bedarf großer Energie und Schutzwachsmengen und ist durch den Bedarf erschwert, das überschüssige Schutzwachs zu entfernen. Des Weiteren sind Verbesserungen der Taktzeiten bei der Aufbringung von Korrosionsschutzwachs mittels Fluten nur schwer erzielbar.Both methods are not ideal for every application. Spraying corrosion protection wax does not allow complex geometries to reach all surfaces of the cavity starting from an exit point of the protection wax. Beyond, for example, bulkhead sheets that apply to the reinforcement, spray shadow areas that cannot be reached can remain. Even tight geometries such as intermediate areas of double-walled designs are difficult to reach by spraying. Flooding with anti-corrosive wax requires great energy and amounts of protective wax and is made more difficult by the need to remove the excess protective wax. Furthermore, improvements in cycle times when applying anti-corrosion wax by flooding are difficult to achieve.
Aus der
Weitere Dokumente, die den technologischen Hintergrund der Erfindung darstellen, sind die Dokumente
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein technisch unaufwändiges Verfahren zur Verfügung stellen, mittels dessen bei geringem Schutzmitteleinsatz ein zuverlässiges Überdecken von Innenoberflächen eines Hohlraums möglich ist.The object of the invention is to provide a technically uncomplicated method by means of which a reliable covering of inner surfaces of a cavity is possible with little use of protective agents.
Erfindungsgemäß ist das folgende Verfahren vorgesehen: Korrosionsschutzwachs bzw. wachsbasierten Korrosionsschutzmittel wird mittels eines Nebelerzeugers in vernebelte Form (Schutzmittelnebel) gebracht und durch eine Austrittsöffnung dem zu konservierende Hohlraum der Fahrzeugkarosserie oder des Anbauteils zugeführt. Dabei besteht der Schutzmittelnebel aus Luft sowie Tröpfchen des Korrosionsschutzwachses bzw. des wachsbasierten Korrosionsschutzmittels, beträgt der mittlere Durchmesser der Tröpfchen des zugeführten Nebels < 60 µm und treten die Tröpfchen des Schutzmittelnebels aus der Austrittsöffnung mit einer Geschwindigkeit < 10 m/s aus. Der Schutzmittelnebel schlägt sich an Innenwandungen des Hohlraums der Fahrzeugkarosserie oder des Anbauteils nieder und bildet hier eine Korrosionsschutzmittelschicht.According to the invention, the following method is provided: Corrosion protection wax or wax-based corrosion protection agent is brought into a nebulized form (protective agent mist) by means of a mist generator and supplied to the cavity of the vehicle body or the add-on part to be preserved through an outlet opening. The protective agent mist consists of air and droplets of the anti-corrosion wax or wax-based anti-corrosion agent, the mean diameter of the droplets of the supplied mist is <60 µm and the droplets of the protective agent mist emerge from the outlet opening at a speed of <10 m / s. The protective agent mist is deposited on the inner walls of the cavity of the vehicle body or the add-on part and forms a layer of anti-corrosion agent here.
Das bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren genutzte Korrosionsschutzmittel kann als Korrosionsschutzwachs ausgebildet sein und weist als solches einen Wachsanteil (mineralölbasisches Wachs/Paraffin) von mindestens 50 Gew.-% auf. Es sind jedoch auch wachsbasierte Korrosionsschutzmittel mit einem geringeren Wachsanteil von mindestens 5 Gew.-% und vorzugsweise zwischen 5 Gew.-% und 15 Gew.-% verwendbar. Solche Korrosionsschutzmittel können insbesondere auch einen Anteil zwischen 15 Gew.-% und 30 Gew.-% eines Polyesterharzes enthalten. Dies verleiht der aufgebrauchten Schutzmittelschicht nach der Durchtrocknung eine hohe Wärmestabilität.The corrosion protection agent used in the method according to the invention can be designed as a corrosion protection wax and as such has a wax content (mineral oil-based wax / paraffin) of at least 50% by weight. However, wax-based corrosion protection agents with a lower wax content of at least 5% by weight and preferably between 5% by weight and 15% by weight can also be used. Such corrosion protection agents can in particular also contain a proportion between 15% by weight and 30% by weight of a polyester resin. This gives the used protective layer a high degree of thermal stability after it has dried through.
Im Weiteren wird der Begriff des Korrosionsschutzmittels verwendet, der sowohl klassisches Korrosionsschutzwachs mit einem hohen Wachsanteil als auch Korrosionsschutzmittel mit einem geringeren Wachsanteil umfasst.The term corrosion protection agent is also used, which includes both classic corrosion protection wax with a high wax content and corrosion protection agent with a lower wax content.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass innerhalb des Hohlraums eine Nebelatmosphäre aus Korrosionsschutzmittel und Gas erzeugt wird oder eine solche Nebelatmosphäre dem Hohlraum zugeführt wird. Diese besteht aus Gas, insbesondere aus Luft, sowie feinsten Tröpfchen des Korrosionsschutzmittels. Diese sind ausreichend klein zerstäubt, um in der umgebenden Luft schwebefähig zu sein. Die mittlere Tröpfchengröße der Tröpfchen des Korrosionsschutzmittels im Nebel beträgt zu diesem Zweck < 60 µm, insbesondere vorzugsweise < 30 µm oder gar < 10µm im Mittel. Die Erzeugung eines solchen Schutzmittelnebels erfolgt mittels eines geeigneten Nebelerzeugers. Dieser kann beispielsweise eine Einstoffdüse sein, der das Korrosionsmittelmittel mit hohen Drücken zugeführt wird. Dies wird in Weiterem noch näher erläutert. Gegenüber der Einstoffdüse, die mit hohen Drücken betrieben wird, wird jedoch eine Zweistoffdüse als vorteilhaft angesehen, da hier bei geringeren Drücken ebenfalls sehr kleine Tröpfchen erzeugt werden können.According to the invention, it is provided that a fog atmosphere of corrosion protection agent and gas is generated within the cavity or such a fog atmosphere is supplied to the cavity becomes. This consists of gas, especially air, and the finest droplets of the anti-corrosion agent. These are atomized small enough to be able to float in the surrounding air. For this purpose, the average droplet size of the droplets of the corrosion protection agent in the mist is <60 μm, in particular preferably <30 μm or even <10 μm on average. Such a protective agent mist is generated by means of a suitable mist generator. This can be a single-substance nozzle, for example, to which the corrosion agent is supplied at high pressures. This is explained in more detail below. Compared to the single-substance nozzle, which is operated at high pressures, a two-substance nozzle is considered to be advantageous, since very small droplets can also be generated at lower pressures.
Alle in diesem Dokument genannten mittleren Tröpchendurchmesser beziehen sind anzahlgemittelte Durchmesser, beziehen sich also auf die Summe der Tröpfchendurchmesser geteilt durch die Anzahl er Tröpfchen.All mean droplet diameters mentioned in this document are number-average diameters, ie they relate to the sum of the droplet diameters divided by the number of droplets.
Die Entstehung von Nebel ist als ungewünschter Nebeneffekt auch vom Wachssprühen bekannt, wie sich beispielsweise aus der
Die Nebelatmosphäre des Schutzmittelnebels, die erfindungsgemäß zum Zwecke der Oberflächenbeschichtung in den Hohlraum eingebracht wird, schlägt sich anders als beim Sprühen des Korrosionsschutzmittels zum weit überwiegenden Teil nicht unmittelbar an den Wandungen des Hohlraums nieder, sondern verteilt sich zunächst im Hohlraum und schlägt sich dann auch an solchen Oberflächen nieder, die ausgehend von der Austrittsöffnung durch Sprühen nicht unmittelbar zugänglich wären.The fog atmosphere of the protective agent mist, which according to the invention is introduced into the cavity for the purpose of surface coating, largely does not directly affect the walls of the cavity, unlike when spraying the anti-corrosion agent, but initially distributes itself in the cavity and then also deposits surfaces that would not be directly accessible by spraying from the outlet opening.
Die Größe der Tröpfchen und die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit und ggf. auch die Beeinflussung des entstandenen Nebels sind zur Erzeugung dieser Nebelatmosphäre vorzugsweise so zu wählen, dass mindestens 50% des Volumenstroms des eingebrachten Schutzmittels 5 Sekunden oder mehr braucht, bis sich die Tröpfchen an den Wandungen niedergeschlagen haben. Der Nebelatmosphäre bleibt also Zeit, sich weitgehend homogen im Hohlraum zu verteilen.The size of the droplets and the exit velocity and, if appropriate, also the influence on the mist formed should preferably be selected in order to generate this mist atmosphere such that at least 50% of the volume flow of the protective agent introduced takes 5 seconds or more until the droplets have deposited on the walls. The foggy atmosphere therefore has time to be largely homogeneously distributed in the cavity.
Durch gezielte Erwärmung oder Abkühlung der Wandungen des Hohlraums kann die Art des Niederschlags des Schutzmittels und die Schichtbildung beeinflusst werden. Weiterhin ist es auch möglich, durch elektrostatische Aufladung des Schutzmittels vor oder während des Austrags und/oder Ladung der Wandungen den Niederschlag zu beeinflussen.The type of precipitation of the protective agent and the layer formation can be influenced by targeted heating or cooling of the walls of the cavity. Furthermore, it is also possible to influence the precipitation by electrostatically charging the protective agent before or during the discharge and / or charging of the walls.
Je nach Art des Schutzmittels kann die Verfestigung durch eine erhöhte Temperatur und eine verminderte Temperatur des Schutzmittels bewirkt werden. Je nachverwendetem Korrosionsschutzmittel ist auch eine chemische Trocknung, Strahlungstrocknung oderTrocknung per Luftstrom möglich.Depending on the type of protective agent, the solidification can be brought about by an elevated temperature and a reduced temperature of the protective agent. Depending on the corrosion protection agent used, chemical drying, radiation drying or drying by air flow is also possible.
Der Schutzmittelnebel kann bei Abschluss des Verfahrens im Hohlraum verbleiben oder aus diesem abgesaugt werden.The protective agent mist can remain in the cavity at the end of the process or can be extracted from it.
Als zu verwendendes Korrosionsschutzmittel kommen die zur Hohlraumkonservierung bei Fahrzeugen bereits heute üblicherweise zum Sprühen oder Fluten verwendeten Wachssorten in Frage. Rein exemplarisch sei das Korrosionsschutzwachs mit dem Markennamen Eftec Efcoat WH 320 A1 genannt, welches hier Verwendung finden kann. Weitere exemplarisch genannte Korrosionsschutzmittel, die mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ausgetragen werden können, sind die unter den Markennamen Anticorit CPX 3373 LV und Anticorit DS 329 DE erhältlichen Korrosionsschutzmittel. Anticorit CPX 3373 ist dabei ein Korrosionsschutzmittel auf Wachsbasis mit einem Wachsanteil von etwa 5 bis 15 Gew.-% und einem Polyesterharz als Zusatz mit einem Anteil zwischen 15 Gew.-% und 30 Gew.-%. Gerade solche wachsbasierten Korrosionsschutzmittel haben sich als besonders gut für die Vernebelung geeignet herausgestellt. Vorzugsweise umfasst ein solches Korrosionsschutzmittel weiterhin einen Füller, insbesondere mit einem Anteil zwischen 15 Gew.-% und 25 Gew.-% und/oder Additive wie Korrosionsschutzadditive mit einem Anteil von 10 Gew.-% bis 20 Gew.-%.The types of wax that are usually used today for spraying or flooding the cavities in vehicles are suitable as corrosion protection agents. The anti-corrosion wax with the brand name Eftec Efcoat WH 320 A1 is just one example, which can be used here. Other corrosion protection agents mentioned by way of example, which can be removed by means of the method according to the invention, are the corrosion protection agents available under the brand names Anticorit CPX 3373 LV and Anticorit DS 329 DE. Anticorit CPX 3373 is a wax-based corrosion protection agent with a wax content of approximately 5 to 15% by weight and a polyester resin as an additive with a content between 15% and 30% by weight. Such wax-based corrosion protection agents have proven to be particularly suitable for atomization. Such an anti-corrosion agent preferably further comprises a filler, in particular with a proportion between 15% by weight and 25% by weight and / or additives such as anti-corrosion additives with a proportion from 10% by weight to 20% by weight.
Die Viskosität des verwendeten Korrosionsschutzmittels liegt vorzugsweise unterhalb von 750 mPas, insbesondere vorzugsweise unterhalb von 600 mPas. Solche niederviskosen Korrosionsschutzmittel haben sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, um den gewünschten Schutzmittelnebel zu erzeugen.The viscosity of the corrosion protection agent used is preferably below 750 mPas, particularly preferably below 600 mPas. Such low-viscosity corrosion protection agents have proven to be advantageous in order to generate the desired protective agent mist.
Die Tröpfchen des Schutzmittelnebels treten aus der Austrittsöffnung mit einer Geschwindigkeit <10 m/s, insbesondere < 5 m/s aus, vorzugsweise 2 < m/s, insbesondere vorzugsweise < 0,5 m/s aus.The droplets of the protective agent mist emerge from the outlet opening at a speed of <10 m / s, in particular <5 m / s, preferably 2 <m / s, particularly preferably <0.5 m / s.
Durch den vergleichsweise langsamen Austritt des Schutzmittelnebels aus der Austrittsöffnung wird die Bildung einer Nebelatmosphäre begünstigt. Zu hohe Geschwindigkeiten können dazu führen, dass trotz geringer Tröpfchengröße ein zu großer Anteil der Tröpfchen unmittelbar an einer ebenen Wandung des Hohlraums aufschlägt und somit zur Bildung einer Nebelatmosphäre nicht mehr beitragen kann.The comparatively slow exit of the protective agent mist from the outlet opening favors the formation of a foggy atmosphere. Too high speeds can lead to the fact that despite the small droplet size, too large a proportion of the droplets hits directly on a flat wall of the cavity and can therefore no longer contribute to the formation of a foggy atmosphere.
Die Geschwindigkeit der ausgetragenen Tröpfchen ist nicht vollständig einheitlich. So erzeugen die bevorzugt für die Nebelerzeugung verwendeten Zweistoffdüsen, beispielsweise eine Düse vom Typ Miniquest der Firma Düsen-Schlick GmbH aus Untersiemau/Coburg, Tröpfchen unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit. Üblicherweise ist in einem Zentrum der entstehenden Nebelwolke die Geschwindigkeit am höchsten. Die oben angegebenen Geschwindigkeitswerte berücksichtigen diese besonders schnellen Tröpfchen nicht. Sie beziehen sich auf jene 80% des ausgetragenen Volumenstroms, die von den langsamsten Tröpfchen gebildet werden.The velocity of the droplets being discharged is not completely uniform. The two-substance nozzles that are preferably used for the generation of mist, for example a Miniquest nozzle from Düsen-Schlick GmbH from Untersiemau / Coburg, produce droplets of different speeds. Usually, the speed is highest in a center of the cloud of nascent. The speed values given above do not take these particularly fast droplets into account. They relate to the 80% of the volume flow that is generated by the slowest droplets.
Es wird als vorteilhaft angesehen, wenn während der Zuführung des Schutzmittelnebels in den Hohlraum an einer ersten Einbringungsstelle dem Hohlraum an einer hiervon abweichenden zweiten Einbringungsstelle ein Gas zugeführt wird, um den Schutzmittelnebel im Hohlraum hinsichtlich seiner Strömungsrichtung zu beeinflussen und/oder um die Geschwindigkeit des Schutzmittelnebels zu reduzieren.It is considered advantageous if, during the supply of the protective agent mist into the cavity at a first introduction point, a gas is supplied to the cavity at a different second introduction point in order to influence the direction of the flow of the protective agent mist in the cavity and / or the speed of the protective agent mist to reduce.
Dieses Gas, bei dem es sich insbesondere um Luft handeln kann, wird vorzugsweise durch eine zweite Öffnung in Wandungen des Hohlraums zugeführt, wobei diese Öffnung insbesondere vorzugsweise an einem zum Nebelerzeuger gegenüberliegenden Ort des Hohlraums angeordnet ist.This gas, which can in particular be air, is preferably supplied through a second opening in the walls of the cavity, this opening being particularly preferably arranged at a location of the cavity opposite the mist generator.
Die Zuführung von Gas dient insbesondere dem Zweck, eine Art Gas- oder Luftpolster zu erzeugen, welches in der Lage ist, das unmittelbare Aufprallen von Tröpfchen des Schutzmittelnebels auf einer der Wandungen des Hohlraums zu verhindern. Es wird ein der Ausbreitung der Tröpfchen entgegen gerichteter Gegendruck erzeugt, durch den die Tröpfchen abgebremst werden, so dass sie Teil einer Nebelatmosphäre werden.The supply of gas serves in particular the purpose of producing a type of gas or air cushion which is able to prevent droplets of the protective agent mist from directly hitting one of the walls of the cavity. A counter pressure that counteracts the spreading of the droplets is generated, by means of which the droplets are braked so that they become part of a foggy atmosphere.
Da die Bedeckung der Wandungen mittels eines Nebels bereits bei vergleichsweise geringen Schichtdicken zuverlässig die gewünschte Konservierungswirkung entfaltet und da ein zu hoher Volumenanteil der Tröpfchen im Nebel die Gefahr erhöht, dass Tröpfchen sich zu größeren und schneller sich niederschlagende Tröpfchen vereinen, wird ein besonders geringer Volumenstrom in den Hohlraum als besonders vorteilhaft angesehen, insbesondere ein Volumenstrom des Korrosionsschutzmittels von weniger als 200 g / Minute, vorzugsweise weniger als 100 g / Minute, insbesondere vorzugsweise weniger als 50 g / Minute. Diese Werte liegen deutlich unter jenen Werten, die bei dem bekannten Sprühen von Korrosionsschutzwachs üblich sind und die im Bereich von 500 g / Minute und mehr liegen.Since the covering of the walls by means of a mist reliably develops the desired preservation effect even with comparatively small layer thicknesses, and since an excessively high volume proportion of the droplets in the mist increases the risk that droplets combine to form larger and faster droplets, a particularly low volume flow becomes the cavity regarded as particularly advantageous, in particular a volume flow of the corrosion protection agent of less than 200 g / minute, preferably less than 100 g / minute, particularly preferably less than 50 g / minute. These values are significantly below those values which are customary in the known spraying of corrosion protection wax and which are in the range of 500 g / minute and more.
Es kann zweckmäßig sein, die sich ausbildende Nebelatmosphäre gezielt und insbesondere zyklisch in Bewegung zu versetzen. Dies kann durch die Geschwindigkeit und Austrittsrichtung des austretenden Schutzmittelnebels gesteuert werden. Auch die Steuerung dieser Bewegung durch anderweitig zugeführte Energie ist möglich.It can be expedient to set the fog atmosphere which is formed in a targeted manner and in particular cyclically in motion. This can be controlled by the speed and direction of exit of the emerging protective agent mist. This movement can also be controlled by energy supplied in some other way.
Die Zuführung des Schutzmittelnebels kann an mehreren Stellen oder an wechselnden Stellen innerhalb des zu konservierenden Hohlraums erfolgen. Die Zuführung des Schutzmittelnebels kann auch mittels mehrerer Nebelerzeuger erfolgen, die an unterschiedlichen Stellen innerhalb des zu konservierenden Hohlraums angeordnet sind und/oder in unterschiedliche Richtungen relativ zum zu konservierenden Hohlraum angeordnet sind.The protective agent mist can be supplied at several points or at different points within the cavity to be preserved. The protective agent mist can also be supplied by means of a plurality of mist generators which are arranged at different points within the cavity to be preserved and / or are arranged in different directions relative to the cavity to be preserved.
Auch wenn grundsätzlich die Einbringung des Schutzmittelnebels an nur einer Stelle des Hohlraums ausreichen kann, da sich der Schutzmittelnebel im Hohlraum verteilt, kann eine besonders gute und schnelle Verteilung des Nebels durch die genannten zusätzlichen Maßnahmen begünstigt werden. Durch mehrere Austrittsöffnungen, die beispielsweise an gegenüberliegenden Enden eines länglichen Hohlraums angeordnet sind, lässt sich ausgehend von beiden Enden die Nebelatmosphäre schaffen. Durch eine innerhalb des Hohlraums bewegliche Austrittsöffnung, die an verschiedenen Stellen austrägt, kann mit nur einer Austrittsöffnung eine recht homogene Nebelatmosphäre geschaffen werden. Durch mehrere Austrittsöffnungen, die in unterschiedliche Richtungen weisen, kann, insbesondere im Zusammenspiel mit einer gemeinsamen Bewegung dieser Austrittsöffnungen durch den Hohlraum hindurch, besonders gut gewährleistet werden, dass die Nebelatmosphäre auch schwer zugängliche Oberflächenbereiche erreicht.Even if the introduction of the protective agent mist at only one point in the cavity can in principle suffice, since the protective agent mist is distributed in the cavity, a particularly good and rapid distribution of the mist can be promoted by the additional measures mentioned. The fog atmosphere can be created from both ends by means of several outlet openings, which are arranged, for example, at opposite ends of an elongated cavity. By means of an outlet opening which is movable within the cavity and discharges at different points, a very homogeneous fog atmosphere can be created with only one outlet opening. By means of a plurality of outlet openings which point in different directions, particularly in conjunction with a joint movement of these outlet openings through the cavity, it can be ensured particularly well that the foggy atmosphere also reaches surface areas which are difficult to access.
Die Zuführung von Schutzmittelnebel über mehrere Nebelerzeuger kann beispielsweise durch Verwendung einer Zweistoffdüse in Kombination mit oben genannter Zuführung von Gas erfolgen. Durch Einbringung von Schutzmittelnebel durch zwei in etwa entgegengesetzt ausgerichtete Düsen wird dabei erreicht, dass diese in besonders vorteilhafter Weise eine stehende Nebelwolke erzeugen, deren Tröpfchen sich nicht unmittelbar nach der Einbringung in den Hohlraum an Wandungen des Hohlraums niederschlagen.Protective agent mist can be supplied via several mist generators, for example by using a two-substance nozzle in combination with the above-mentioned supply of gas. By introducing protective agent mist through two approximately oppositely oriented nozzles, it is achieved that these generate a standing mist cloud in a particularly advantageous manner Droplets do not precipitate on walls of the cavity immediately after introduction into the cavity.
Durch Erzeugung einer Druckdifferenz zwischen zwei beanstandeten Teilbereichen des Hohlraums kann der Schutzmittelnebel innerhalb des Hohlraums bewegt werden.The protective agent mist can be moved within the cavity by generating a pressure difference between two disputed partial areas of the cavity.
Dabei kann durch alternierende Erzeugung eines Überdrucks und eines Unterdrucks in mindestens einem Teilbereich des Hohlraums eine periodisch wiederholte Bewegung des Schutznebels im Hohlraum erzeugt werden.A periodically repeated movement of the protective mist in the cavity can be generated by alternately generating an overpressure and a vacuum in at least one partial area of the cavity.
Zwar verteilt sich der Schutzmittelnebel grundsätzlich eigenständig im Hohlraum weitgehend homogen. Da jedoch je nach Anwendungszweck kurze Taktzeiten gewünscht sind, kann es insbesondere von Vorteil sein, den Schutzmittelnebel durch einen lokalen Überdruck oder Unterdruck im Hohlraum gezielt zu bewegen. Dies kann beispielsweise durch das Einbringen oder Absaugen von Luft an einer Öffnung des Hohlraums erfolgen, sei es durch eine von der Austrittsöffnung separate Drucköffnung der Anlage zur Hohlraumkonservierung oder durch die Austrittsöffnung selbst. Durch periodisch wiederholte Druckerhöhungen oder -senkungen kann eine zyklische Bewegung des Schutzmittelnebels im Hohlraum erzeugt werden, durch die ein besonders günstiges Niederschlagsverhalten des Schutzmittels auf der Oberfläche erzielt wird.In principle, the protective agent mist distributes itself largely homogeneously in the cavity. However, since short cycle times are desired depending on the application, it can be particularly advantageous to move the protective agent mist in a targeted manner by means of a local overpressure or underpressure in the cavity. This can be done, for example, by introducing or extracting air at an opening of the cavity, be it through a pressure opening of the system for cavity preservation separate from the outlet opening or through the outlet opening itself. Periodically repeated increases or decreases in pressure can cause a cyclical movement of the protective agent mist in the Cavity are generated through which a particularly favorable precipitation behavior of the protective agent is achieved on the surface.
Ebenfalls wurde festgestellt, dass eine Verteilung der Tröpfchen des Schutzmittelnebels positiv beeinflussbar ist, wenn die Einbringung in gepulster Art und Weise erfolgt. Hierunter wird verstanden, dass die Parameter der Nebelerzeugung durch den mindestens einen Nebelerzeuger sich wiederholt ändern. So könnte beispielsweise der Druck der dem Nebelerzeuger zugeführten Luft periodisch schwanken. Besonders einfach zu realisieren und vorteilhaft in der Wirkung ist es jedoch, wenn die Zuführung von Nebel mittels des Nebelerzeugers pulsweise erfolgt, jeweils unterbrochen durch Phasen, in denen keine Nebelerzeugung durch den Nebelerzeuger vorgesehen ist. Die mittlere Frequenz des gepulsten Betriebs liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 Hz und 5 Hz.It was also found that a distribution of the droplets of the protective agent mist can be positively influenced if the introduction takes place in a pulsed manner. This is understood to mean that the parameters of the fog generation by the at least one fog generator change repeatedly. For example, the pressure of the air supplied to the mist generator could fluctuate periodically. However, it is particularly simple to implement and the effect is advantageous if the supply of mist by means of the mist generator takes place in pulses, each interrupted by phases in which no mist generation is provided by the mist generator. The average frequency of the pulsed operation is preferably between 0.1 Hz and 5 Hz.
Auch ist möglich, dass zwei Nebelerzeuger Verwendung finden, die derart betrieben, dass im Wechsel ein erster der beiden Nebelerzeuger und ein zweiter der beiden Nebelerzeuger den relativ größeren Volumenstrom austragen. Hierbei sind demnach zwei voneinander beabstandete und separate steuerbare Nebelerzeuger vorgesehen, die im Wechsel den jeweils größeren Volumenstrom von Korrosionsschutzmittel austragen. Auch hierdurch lässt sich eine periodisch wiederkehrende Bewegung des Nebels erzeugen, die eine schnelle und homogene Verteilung des Nebels bewirkt.It is also possible for two mist generators to be used which operate in such a way that a first of the two mist generators and a second of the two mist generators alternately discharge the relatively larger volume flow. In this case, two separate and controllable mist generators are provided which are spaced apart and which alternate with the larger volume flow of corrosion protection agent deliver. This also makes it possible to generate a periodically recurring movement of the fog, which causes the fog to be distributed quickly and homogeneously.
Ein typisches Werkstück, welches mit den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vor Korrosion geschützt wird, ist der Teilbereich eine Karosserie mit einem länglichen Hohlraum. In einem solchen Falle ist es möglich, den Schutznebel durch die Austrittsöffnung fluchtend zur Haupterstreckungsrichtung des Hohlraums austreten zu lassen.A typical workpiece, which is protected against corrosion by the method according to the invention, is the partial area of a body with an elongated cavity. In such a case, it is possible to let the protective mist exit through the outlet opening in alignment with the main direction of extension of the cavity.
Der Schutznebel kann jedoch auch in einer Richtung aus der Austrittsöffnung austreten, die gegenüber der Haupterstreckungsrichtung eines solchen Hohlraums angewinkelt ist.However, the protective mist can also emerge from the outlet opening in a direction that is angled relative to the main direction of extent of such a cavity.
Durch eine angewinkelte Austrittsrichtung durch die Austrittsöffnung hindurch kann erreicht werden, dass der Schutznebel sich innerhalb des vorzugsweise länglichen Hohlraums schraubenförmig bewegt, was den Niederschlag an allen Oberflächen begünstigt.By means of an angled exit direction through the exit opening, it can be achieved that the protective mist moves helically within the preferably elongated cavity, which favors precipitation on all surfaces.
Ein ähnlicher Effekt ist erzielbar, indem eine nach Austritt des Nebels durch die Austrittsöffnung stattfindende Beeinflussung vorgesehen ist. Der Schutzmittelnebel kann nach Austritts aus der Austrittsöffnung in Hinblick auf seine Bewegungsrichtung gezielt beeinflusst werden, insbesondere durch Luftzufuhr aus von der Austrittsöffnung unterschiedliche Luftdüsen. Durch deren gegeneinander angewinkelte Ausrichtung sind diese Luftdüsen ebenfalls in der Lage sind, eine solche schraubenförmige Bewegung der Nebelatmosphäre zu bewirken.A similar effect can be achieved by providing an influence that takes place after the fog exits through the outlet opening. After leaving the outlet opening, the protective agent mist can be influenced in a targeted manner with regard to its direction of movement, in particular by supplying air from air nozzles different from the outlet opening. Due to their mutually angled alignment, these air nozzles are also capable of causing such a helical movement of the fog atmosphere.
Es sind jedoch auch andere Techniken möglich, um die Bewegung des Nebels innerhalb des Hohlraums gezielt zu beeinflussen. Hierzu gehören beispielsweise der Magnetismus und die Elektrostatik als nutzbare Wirkprinzipien.However, other techniques are also possible to selectively influence the movement of the mist within the cavity. These include, for example, magnetism and electrostatics as useful principles of action.
Zur Erzeugung des Nebels können vielfältige aus dem Stand der Technik bereits bekannte Techniken Verwendung finden. Aus anderen Bereichen des Standes der Technik sind Nebeldüsen bereits bekannt.Various techniques already known from the prior art can be used to generate the mist. Mist nozzles are already known from other areas of the prior art.
Eine mögliche Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass ausschließlich das Korrosionsschutzmittel druckbeaufschlagt wird und durch eine schmale Einstoffdüse hindurch vernebelt wird. Die Zuführung des flüssigen Korrosionsschutzmittels erfolgt in diesem Fall vorzugsweise bei einem Druck von mindestens 20 bar, insbesondere vorzugsweise mindestens 60 bar. Von besonderem Vorteil sind noch höhere Drücke, insbesondere ab etwa 100 bar. Zwar ist durch noch deutliches Überschreiten dieses Wertes die Verneblung positiv zu beeinflussen. Jenseits von 120 bar ist der Aufwand zur Handhabung des Schutzmittels vor dem Austrag jedoch so groß, dass üblicherweise hiervon abgesehen werden sollte.A possible embodiment provides that only the anti-corrosion agent is pressurized and atomized through a narrow single-substance nozzle. In this case, the liquid anticorrosive agent is preferably supplied at a pressure of at least 20 bar, particularly preferably at least 60 bar. Higher pressures are particularly advantageous, especially from about 100 bar. It is true that the nebulization can be positively influenced by significantly exceeding this value. Beyond 120 bar, however, the effort involved in handling the protective agent before it is discharged is so great that it should normally be avoided.
Eine alternative Gestaltung sieht vor, dass eine Vermengung von Korrosionsschutzmittel und Luft, die jeweils druckbeaufschlagt sind, vor oder bei Austritt des Schutzmittelnebels stattfindet. Die druckbeaufschlagte Luft zerreißt das flüssig zugeführte Korrosionsschutzmittel und erzeugt hierdurch den Nebel.An alternative design provides that corrosion protection agent and air, which are each pressurized, are mixed before or when the protective agent mist escapes. The pressurized air tears apart the liquid anti-corrosion agent and thereby creates the mist.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass diese Technik eine Nebelerzeugung mit ausreichend kleiner Tröpfchengröße auch bei vergleichsweise geringen Drücken gestattet. So ist in diesem Fall vorzugsweise mit einem Zuführüberdruck zwischen 1 bar und 3 bar für das Korrosionsschutzmittel und zwischen 1 bar und 5 bar für die Luft gearbeitet. Durch die geringen Drücke ist der Gesamtaufwand für das Verfahren geringer als bei Verwendung von Einstoffdüsen, bei denen höhere Drücke benötigt werden.It has been shown that this technique allows the generation of mist with a sufficiently small droplet size even at comparatively low pressures. In this case, a feed pressure of between 1 bar and 3 bar for the corrosion protection agent and between 1 bar and 5 bar for the air is preferably used. Due to the low pressures, the total effort for the process is less than when using single-component nozzles, where higher pressures are required.
Bei der Verwendung einer Zweistoffdüse hat es sich für die Zerstäubung zum hier angegebene Zweck als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Zweistoffdüse derart mit Luft gespeist wird, dass diese vor dem Austritt auf über 100 m/s beschleunigt wird, idealerweise auf etwa 250 m/s.When using a two-substance nozzle, it has proven advantageous for atomization for the purpose specified here if the two-substance nozzle is fed with air in such a way that it is accelerated to over 100 m / s, ideally to about 250 m / s before it emerges.
Die genannten Drücke und Geschwindigkeiten gewährleistet eine sehr feine Zerstäubung. Es lassen sich Tröpfchengrößen mit einem mittleren Tröpfchendurchmesser von 10 µm oder weniger erzeugen, was für die Ausbildung einer ruhigen Nebelatmosphäre im Hohlraum als ideal angesehen wird.The pressures and speeds mentioned ensure very fine atomization. Droplet sizes with an average droplet diameter of 10 μm or less can be produced, which is considered ideal for the formation of a calm mist atmosphere in the cavity.
Zusammengefasst wird derzeit als beste Parameterwahl zur Erzeugung des gewünschten Schutzmittelnebels angesehen, wenn eine Zweistoffdüse Verwendung findet, innerhalb derer Korrosionsschutzmittel durch Gas, insbesondere Luft, zerstäubt wird, wobei der Volumenstrom des Korrosionsschutzmittels zur Zerstäubung bei unter 100 g /min liegt und die zerstäubende Luft mit mehr als 100 m/s zugeführt wird. Ergänzend wird der Zuführüberdruck der Luft von 1,5 bar bis 2,5 bar und der Zuführdruck des Korrosionsschutzmittels von 2 bar bis 4 bar als optimal angesehen.In summary, the best parameter selection for generating the desired protective agent mist is currently considered to be if a two-substance nozzle is used, within which anti-corrosion agent is atomized by gas, in particular air, the volume flow of the anti-corrosion agent being less than 100 g / min for atomization and the atomizing air with more than 100 m / s is supplied. In addition, the supply pressure of the air from 1.5 bar to 2.5 bar and the supply pressure of the anti-corrosion agent from 2 bar to 4 bar are considered optimal.
Der hierdurch erzeugbare Nebel bildet eine feine Nebelatmosphäre, die sich in Form einer dünnen und sehr homogenen Schutzschicht auf den Wandungen des Hohlraums niederschlägt.The mist that can be created in this way forms a fine mist atmosphere, which is deposited in the form of a thin and very homogeneous protective layer on the walls of the cavity.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Nebelerzeugung sieht einen hochfrequent schwingenden Aktor vor, beispielsweise einen Piezoaktor oder eine andere Form eines Ultraschallzerstäubers.Another possibility of generating fog provides a high-frequency oscillating actuator, for example a piezo actuator or another form of an ultrasonic atomizer.
Für alle Formen von Nebelerzeugern und Austrittsöffnungen kann zusätzlich vorgesehen sein, dass diese eine drehbare Komponente aufweisen, so dass die Austrittsöffnungen sich während des Austritts des Korrosionsschutzmittels in einer rotativen Bewegung befindet, was der homogenen Verteilung des Korrosionsschutzmittels dient.For all forms of mist generators and outlet openings, it can additionally be provided that they have a rotatable component, so that the outlet openings are in a rotational movement during the outlet of the corrosion protection agent, which serves for the homogeneous distribution of the corrosion protection agent.
Der Austrittöffnung kann eine Nebelerzeugungskammer vorgeschaltet sein. Der Nebelerzeuger kann zur Erzeugung des Schutzmittelnebels in der Nebelerzeugungskammer ausgebildet sein. Es kann Fördereinrichtung zur Förderung des Schutzmittelnebels zur Austrittöffnung vorgesehen sein.A mist generation chamber can be connected upstream of the outlet opening. The mist generator can be designed to generate the protective agent mist in the mist generation chamber. Conveying means for conveying the protective agent mist to the outlet opening can be provided.
Die vorgeschaltete Nebelerzeugungskammer dient der Erzeugung eines homogenen Nebels bereits vor Einbringung in den zu konservierenden Hohlraum. Durch eine Fördereinrichtung wie einer Pumpe zur Förderung des Schutzmittelnebels oder zur Erzeugung eines Überdrucks in der Nebelerzeugungskammer wird dieser Nebel in der homogenisierten Form dem Hohlraum zugeführt.The upstream mist generation chamber is used to generate a homogeneous mist before it is introduced into the cavity to be preserved. By means of a conveying device such as a pump for conveying the protective agent mist or for generating an overpressure in the mist generation chamber, this mist is supplied to the cavity in the homogenized form.
Das Verfahren kann Anwendung finden zur Zuführung des Schutzmittelnebels in einen Hohlraum zwischen Wandungen eines doppelwandigen Hohlkörpers. Es kann weiterhin Anwendung finden zur Zuführung des Schutzmittelnebels in einen Hohlraum, dessen Innenwandungen ausgehend von der Positionierung der Austrittöffnung innerhalb des Hohlraums zumindest abschnittsweise durch andere Wandungsabschnitte verdeckt sind. Auch Oberflächen gebogener oder abgewinkelter Hohlräume sind mittels des beschriebenen Verfahrens vorteilhaft mit Korrosionsschutzmittel zu versehen. Insbesondere bei solchen Gestaltungen lassen sich durch den Schutzmittelnebel bessere Ergebnisse als durch Versprühen von Schutzwachse erzielen.The method can be used to feed the protective agent mist into a cavity between the walls of a double-walled hollow body. It can also be used to feed the protective agent mist into a cavity, the inner walls of which, starting from the positioning of the outlet opening within the cavity, are covered at least in sections by other wall sections. Surfaces of curved or angled cavities can also advantageously be provided with anti-corrosion agents using the described method. In such designs in particular, the protective agent mist can achieve better results than spraying protective waxes.
Zur Durchführung des beschriebenen Verfahrens wird folgende Anlage vorgeschlagen: Die Anlage weist eine Arbeitsposition auf, an der ein Werkstück mit einem zu konservierenden Hohlraum positionierbar ist. Sie weist eine Zuführvorrichtung zur Zuführung eines Korrosionsschutzmittels in den Hohlraum auf. Die Zuführvorrichtung verfügt über einen Nebelerzeuger mit Austrittöffnung, die derart an oder in dem zu konservierenden Hohlraum positionierbar ist, dass das Korrosionsschutzmittel in vernebelter Form (Schutzmittelnebel) in den Hohlraum eingebracht werden kann.The following system is proposed for carrying out the described method: The system has a working position at which a workpiece with a cavity to be preserved can be positioned. It has a feed device for feeding a corrosion protection agent into the cavity. The feed device has a mist generator with an outlet opening which can be positioned on or in the cavity to be preserved in such a way that the anti-corrosion agent can be introduced into the cavity in a nebulized form (protective agent mist).
Die Anlage kann über Luftdüsen zur Einbringung von Luft zum Zwecke der Bewegung des erzeugten Schutzmittelnebels innerhalb des Hohlraums verfügen.The system can have air nozzles for introducing air for the purpose of moving the protective agent mist generated within the cavity.
Die Anlage kann mindestens einen Druckerzeuger aufweisen, mittels dessen in einem Teilbereich des Hohlraums ein Unterdruck oder ein Überdruck erzeugbar ist. Der Druckerzeuger kann mit einer Steuereinrichtung versehen sein, durch die periodisch wechselnder Druck innerhalb des Hohlraums erzeugbar ist.The system can have at least one pressure generator, by means of which a partial vacuum or an excess pressure can be generated in a partial area of the cavity. The pressure generator can be provided with a control device by means of which periodically changing pressure can be generated within the cavity.
Die Anlage ist zur Erzeugung eines Schutzmittelnebels oben beschriebener Art ausgebildet.The system is designed to generate a protective agent mist of the type described above.
Weiterhin kann die Anlage weitere zum beschriebenen Verfahren sowie im Zusammenhang mit den Ausführungsbeispielen genannten Komponenten aufweisen.Furthermore, the system can have further components mentioned for the method described and in connection with the exemplary embodiments.
Weitere Vorteile und Aspekte der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen und aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung, die nachfolgend anhand der Figuren erläutert sind.
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Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen ein exemplarisches Werkstück mit einem Hohlraum, dessen Oberflächen mit Korrosionsschutzmittel zu versehen sind. -
Fig. 3 zeigt die Einbringung von vernebeltem Korrosionsschutzmittel in den Hohlraum durch eine Austrittsöffnung hindurch an einer endseitigen Stirnseite des Werkstücks.Fig. 4 zeigt den Hohlraum, nachdem sich das Korrosionsschutzmittel an den Wandungen niedergeschlagen hat. -
Fig. 5 zeigt einen möglichen Aufbau eines Nebelerzeugers in Form einer Nebeldüse, durch die hindurch das Korrosionsschutzmittel eingebracht werden kann und dabei zu Nebel zerstäubt wird. -
Fig. 6 zeigt eine Variante, bei der durch Bewegung der Austrittöffnung der Nebelaustrag verbessert ist. -
Fig. 7a und 7b zeigt eine Variante, bei der durch gezielte Erzeugung von Überdruck und/oder Unterdruck im Hohlkörper eine Bewegung des Schutzmittelnebels erzielt wird. -
Fig. 8 und 9 zeigen Varianten, bei denen durch Zuführung von Luft oder durch besondere Ausrichtung von Nebelaustrittsöffnungen ein Drall im Schutzmittelnebel erzeugt wird. -
Fig. 10 zeigt eine Variante, bei der die Nebelerzeugung in einer nicht zum Werkstück gehörigen Nebelerzeugungskammer erfolgt und der erzeugt Nebel erst anschließend dem Hohlraum des Werkstücks zugeführt wird.
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1 and 2 show an exemplary workpiece with a cavity, the surfaces of which are to be provided with anti-corrosion agents. -
Fig. 3 shows the introduction of nebulized anti-corrosion agent into the cavity through an outlet opening on an end face of the workpiece.Fig. 4 shows the cavity after the anti-corrosion agent has deposited on the walls. -
Fig. 5 shows a possible structure of a mist generator in the form of a mist nozzle through which the anti-corrosion agent can be introduced and thereby atomized into mist. -
Fig. 6 shows a variant in which the discharge of fog is improved by moving the outlet opening. -
7a and 7b shows a variant in which a movement of the protective agent mist is achieved by the targeted generation of overpressure and / or underpressure in the hollow body. -
8 and 9 show variants in which a swirl is created in the protective agent mist by supplying air or by special alignment of the mist outlet openings. -
Fig. 10 shows a variant in which the mist generation takes place in a mist generation chamber that does not belong to the workpiece and the mist that is generated is only subsequently supplied to the cavity of the workpiece.
Die
Ziel des hier beschriebenen Verfahrens ist es, die Oberflächen innerhalb des Hohlraums mit Korrosionsschutzwachs oder wachsbasiertem Korrosionsschutzmittel zu überdecken. Die genannten Schottbleche 22 machen es jedoch unmöglich, ausgehend von einem Stirnseitenbereich 14 des Hohlraums 12 durch Versprühen von Korrosionsschutzmittel sämtliche Oberflächen zu erreichen.The aim of the method described here is to cover the surfaces within the cavity with anti-corrosion wax or wax-based anti-corrosion agent. However, the
Der eingebrachte Nebel ist zu unterscheiden vom Sprühen, welches im Bereich der Hohlraumkonservierung schon bekannt ist. Die Nebelerzeugung im Sinne der Erfindung und das bekannte Sprühen sehen übereinstimmend vor, dass das flüssige Hohlraumkonservierungsmittel in Form kleiner Tröpfchen, die in den Hohlraum eingebracht werden. Allerdings ist bei der Nebelerzeugung vorgesehen, dass der mittlere Tröpfchendurchmesser kleiner ist, vorzugsweise weniger als 30 µm, insbesondere vorzugsweise weniger als 10 µm, und dass die Tröpfchen zumindest zum überwiegenden Teil nicht unmittelbar auf einer Wandung des Hohlkörpers aufschlagen und dort verbleiben, sondern eine Nebelatmosphäre innerhalb des Hohlkörpers bilden, welche sich nur sehr langsam innerhalb des Hohlkörpers bewegt. Die überwiegende Menge des Hohlraumkonservierungsmittels, welches in den Hohlraum eingebracht wird, ist auch noch 5 Sekunden nach Einbringung nicht in Wandkontakt gelangt.The mist introduced is to be distinguished from spraying, which is already known in the area of cavity preservation. The generation of mist in the sense of the invention and the known spraying consistently provide that the liquid cavity preservative in the form of small droplets which are introduced into the cavity. However, it is provided that the mean droplet diameter is smaller, preferably less than 30 µm, particularly preferably less than 10 µm, and that the droplets do not hit and remain directly on a wall of the hollow body and remain there, but rather a fog atmosphere form within the hollow body, which moves very slowly within the hollow body. The majority of the cavity preservative that is introduced into the cavity has not come into contact with the wall even 5 seconds after the introduction.
Bei der Gestaltung gemäß
Der Druckkanal 72 auf der der Düse gegenüberliegenden Seite kann auch bereits bei der Einbringung der Nebelwolke von Vorteil sein, da er es gestattet, durch zur Einbringung von Nebeltröpfchen durch den Applikator 30 zeitgleiche Einbringung von Luft am Druckkanal 72 ein Luftpolster zu erzeugen, welches verhindert, dass ein zu hoher Anteil der Tröpfchen sich aufgrund ihrer Austrittsgeschwindigkeit unmittelbar an einer Wandung des Hohlraums 12 niederschlägt.The
Die Ausgestaltung gemäß
Die Nebelerzeuger 31A, 31B werden mit über Leitungen 33A, 33B mit Korrosionsschutzmittel und Luft versorgt. Dabei wird nur ein geringer Volumenstrom von Korrosionsschutzmittel von etwa 50 ml/min zugeführt. Die eigentliche Zerstäubung an Austrittsdüse der Nebelerzeuger 31A, 31B erfolgt unter Zuströmen der Luft mit einer Geschwindigkeit von etwa 250 m/s und bei Zuströmüberdrücken von 2 bar im Falle der Luft und 3 bar im Falle des Korrosionsschutzmittels. Ergebnis ist die Erzeugung eines Nebels mit einer mittleren Tröpfchengröße von etwa 10 µm. Die Nebelwolke tritt in Form eines Kegels aus dem Nebelerzeuger aus, wobei die Geschwindigkeit im Zentrum dieses Kegels etwa 16 m/s beträgt und nach außen schnell auf unter 10 m/s abfällt. Durch die kleinen Tröpfchen erfahren diese aufgrund des Luftwiderstandes unmittelbar nach dem Austritt eine starke Verzögerung. Dieser Effekt wird noch durch ein Luftpolster verstärkt, dass durch den jeweils gegenüberliegen Nebelerzeuger bewirkt wird.The
Die feine Tröpfchengröße und die Wirkung dieser Luftpolster bewirken, dass die überwiegende Menge des eingebrachten Korrosionsschutzmittels zunächst eine stehende oder nur gering bewegte Nebelatmosphäre bildet, deren Tröpfchen mindestens 5 Sekunden im Schwebezustand bleiben, bis sie sich auf einer Wandung niederschlagen. Die
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass durch iterative Einbringung des Korrosionsschutzmittels mit nur einem Nebelerzeuger ebenfalls zu einer gut für die Beschichtungszwecke geeigneten Nebelatomsphäre führt. So kann die Einbringung beispielsweise in Phase von 2 bis 3 Sekunden Länge erfolgen, auf die dann eine kurze Phase von 1 bis 3 Sekunden bei deaktiviertem Nebelerzeuger folgt.It has been shown that iterative introduction of the anti-corrosion agent with only one mist generator also leads to a mist atmosphere that is well suited for coating purposes. For example, the introduction can take place in a phase of 2 to 3 seconds in length, followed by a short phase of 1 to 3 seconds with the mist generator deactivated.
Die
Obwohl beim Ausführungsbeispiel der
Claims (14)
- Method for covering inner walls of a cavity of a vehicle body (10) or of an add-on part for vehicle bodies, with a protective layer (50) made of anti-corrosion wax or a wax-based anti-corrosion agent, characterized by the following features:a. anti-corrosion wax or a wax-based anti-corrosion agent is brought by means of a mist generator (31) into an atomized form as a protective agent mist (40) and is supplied through an outlet opening (32) to the cavity (12) to be preserved of the vehicle body (10) or of the add-on part, wherein the protective agent mist consists of air and droplets of the anti-corrosion wax or anti-corrosion agent, wherein the average diameter of the droplets of the supplied mist is < 60 µm, wherein the droplets of the protective agent mist emerge from the outlet opening (32) at a speed of < 10 m/s, andb. the protective agent mist (40) is deposited on inner walls of the cavity (12) of the vehicle body (10) or of the add-on part and forms an anti-corrosion agent layer (50) here.
- Method according to Claim 1 with the additional features:a. the average diameter of the droplets of the supplied mist is < 30 µm, preferably < 10 µm.
- Method according to either of the preceding claims with the additional feature:a. during the supplying of the protective agent mist (40) into the cavity (12) at a first introduction point, a gas, in particular air, is supplied to the cavity (12) at a second introduction point differing therefrom, in order to influence the protective agent mist (40) in the cavity in respect of its flow direction and/or in order to reduce the speed of the protective agent mist (40).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims with the additional feature:a. the volumetric flow of anti-corrosion agent which is supplied to the cavity is less than 200 g/minute, preferably less than 100 g/minute, particularly preferably less than 50 g/minute.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims with at least one of the additional features:a. the protective agent mist (40) is supplied at a plurality of points or at alternating points within the cavity (12) to be preserved, and/orb. the protective agent mist (40) is supplied by means of a plurality of mist generators and/or through a plurality of outlet openings (32a, 32b) which are arranged at different points within the cavity (12) to be preserved and/or are arranged in different directions relative to the cavity (12) to be preserved.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims with the additional feature:a. by generation of a pressure difference between two spaced-apart partial regions (14, 16) of the cavity (12), the protective agent mist (40) is moved within the cavity (12).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims with the additional feature:a. by alternating generation of a positive pressure and a negative pressure in at least one partial region (14, 16) of the cavity, a periodically repeated movement of the protective agent mist (40) is generated in the cavity (12).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims with the additional feature:a. the mist generator (31A, 31B) is operated at least in phases in a pulsed mode in which parameters of the mist generation change in an alternating manner, or in which the mist generation is interrupted in phases,preferably with the following additional feature:
b. in the pulsed mode, the alternating parameters change or the interruptions in the mist generation (31A, 31B) take place at an average frequency of between 0.1 Hertz and 5 Hertz, preferably between 0.2 Hertz and 1 Hertz. - Method according to one of the preceding claims with the additional feature:a. the mist (40) is generated from anti-corrosion agent by means of at least two mist generators (31A, 31B) which are operated in such a manner that a first of the two mist generators and a second of the two mist generators alternately discharge the relatively greater volumetric flow of anti-corrosion agent.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims with one of the additional features:a. the mist generator (31) generates the protective agent mist (40) by pressurized forcing of anti-corrosion agent through a nozzle opening (34), orb. the mist generator generates the protective agent mist by means of an actuator vibrating at high frequency,in particular with the following feature:
c. the outlet opening (32) through which the protective agent mist (40) is introduced into the cavity (12) is in a rotational movement at least in phases. - Method according to one of the preceding claims with the additional features:a. the mist generation takes place through at least one nozzle opening (34) with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.3 mm, andb. the anti-corrosion agent is supplied to the nozzle opening (34) at a pressure of at least 20 bar, preferably at least 60 bar, particularly preferably at least 100 bar.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims with one of the additional features:a. the protective agent mist (40) emerges from the outlet opening (32) in a direction which is angled in relation to a main direction of extent (1) of the cavity (12), and/orb. after emerging from the outlet opening, the protective agent mist (40) is influenced in a targeted manner in respect of its movement direction, in particular by a supply of air from air nozzles (60) different from the outlet opening.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims with the additional features:a. a mist generation chamber (80) is connected upstream of the outlet opening (32), andb. the mist generator (31) is designed for generating the protective agent mist (40) in the mist generation chamber (80),in particular with the additional feature:
c. a conveying device (90) is provided for conveying the protective agent mist (40) into the cavity (12) . - Method according to one of the preceding claims with one of the additional features:a. the method is used for supplying the protective agent mist (40) into a cavity (12) between walls of a double-walled hollow body, orb. the method is used for supplying the protective agent mist (40) into a cavity (12), the inner walls of which are concealed, starting from the positioning of the outlet opening (32) within the cavity (12), at least in sections by other wall sections (22).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16154796.3A EP3205407B1 (en) | 2016-02-09 | 2016-02-09 | Method and installation for covering internal walls of a cavity with a protective layer made of corrosion protecting wax |
PCT/EP2017/052932 WO2017137520A1 (en) | 2016-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | Method and system for covering inner walls of a cavity with a protective layer made of anti-corrosion wax or anti-corrosion agent |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3414020A1 EP3414020A1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
EP3414020B1 true EP3414020B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 |
Family
ID=55411176
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16154796.3A Active EP3205407B1 (en) | 2016-02-09 | 2016-02-09 | Method and installation for covering internal walls of a cavity with a protective layer made of corrosion protecting wax |
EP17703199.4A Active EP3414020B1 (en) | 2016-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | Method for covering internal walls of a cavity with a protective layer made of corrosion protecting wax or other wax based corrosion protecting material |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16154796.3A Active EP3205407B1 (en) | 2016-02-09 | 2016-02-09 | Method and installation for covering internal walls of a cavity with a protective layer made of corrosion protecting wax |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10870124B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3205407B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108698066B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017137520A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3670001B1 (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-07-28 | IPR-Intelligente Peripherien für Roboter GmbH | Method for cavity preservation, mixing nozzle unit and cavity preservation device with such a mixing nozzle unit |
DE102020127076A1 (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-07-22 | Jens-Werner Kipp | Process for thin coating of internal surfaces of through holes |
US12042806B2 (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2024-07-23 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Mold in plumbing for wax application |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB867303A (en) | 1958-02-24 | 1961-05-03 | Shell Res Ltd | Improvements in or relating to methods of inhibiting corrosion in the cargo tanks ofmarine vessels |
US3227572A (en) * | 1962-06-06 | 1966-01-04 | Chevron Res | Pipe repair process |
US3202363A (en) * | 1963-07-01 | 1965-08-24 | Aro Corp | Automatic fogspray device |
US3488213A (en) * | 1965-05-20 | 1970-01-06 | Schlitz Brewing Co J | Method and apparatus for applying a coating to the interior surface of a hollow article |
US3673463A (en) * | 1969-06-30 | 1972-06-27 | Gourdine Systems Inc | Methods and apparatus for electrogasdynamic coating |
EP0028088B1 (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1984-02-08 | Sumitomo Light Metal Industries Limited | Method, apparatus and spray nozzle for coating the inner surface of long tubes of small diameter |
DE3006908C2 (en) | 1980-02-23 | 1985-04-18 | Fritz 8942 Ottobeuren Noack | Device for the corrosion protection of metal surfaces |
JPS5813226B2 (en) | 1980-05-29 | 1983-03-12 | 株式会社 日本プラントサ−ビスセンタ− | Lining method for pipe inner wall surface |
US4314670A (en) * | 1980-08-15 | 1982-02-09 | Walsh William A Jun | Variable gas atomization |
GB2123917B (en) | 1982-04-30 | 1986-02-12 | Hakko Co | Lining underground pipes |
GB2123516B (en) | 1982-04-30 | 1986-02-05 | Hakko Co | Lining old underground pipes |
JPS58189074A (en) | 1982-04-30 | 1983-11-04 | Hakko Co Ltd | Method for repairing inner surface of existing pipe line |
JPS5952570A (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1984-03-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Coating method |
JPS59150578A (en) | 1983-02-18 | 1984-08-28 | Hakko Co Ltd | Repairing method for inner surface of existing pipe |
DE3910179C1 (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1990-03-29 | J. Wagner Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen, De | |
US5522930A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-06-04 | The Regents, University Of California | Method and device for producing and delivering an aerosol for remote sealing and coating |
DE10115463A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-02 | Duerr Systems Gmbh | Atomizer for a coating system and process for its material supply |
FI20080264L (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-10-04 | Beneq Oy | Coating method and device |
DE102009052089A1 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-06-17 | Daimler Ag | Device for conserving cavities in automobile body, has reducer provided in area of connection for strongly reducing cross section of line of specific length, where reducer is fixed in connection by press fit, sticking, or welding process |
CN102601010A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Natural gas pipe corrosion inhibitor coating device |
FR3014334A3 (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-12 | Renault Sa | NOZZLE OF A PLATE OF INJECTION OF WAX |
-
2016
- 2016-02-09 EP EP16154796.3A patent/EP3205407B1/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-02-09 WO PCT/EP2017/052932 patent/WO2017137520A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-02-09 US US16/070,447 patent/US10870124B2/en active Active
- 2017-02-09 CN CN201780010667.1A patent/CN108698066B/en active Active
- 2017-02-09 EP EP17703199.4A patent/EP3414020B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3205407A1 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
EP3414020A1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
CN108698066B (en) | 2021-10-29 |
EP3205407B1 (en) | 2019-09-25 |
US10870124B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 |
US20190022686A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
WO2017137520A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
CN108698066A (en) | 2018-10-23 |
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