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EP3380800A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number
EP3380800A1
EP3380800A1 EP15798124.2A EP15798124A EP3380800A1 EP 3380800 A1 EP3380800 A1 EP 3380800A1 EP 15798124 A EP15798124 A EP 15798124A EP 3380800 A1 EP3380800 A1 EP 3380800A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
heat exchanger
refrigerant
tube sections
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15798124.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3380800B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Huff
Benjamin KAHL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Publication of EP3380800A1 publication Critical patent/EP3380800A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3380800B1 publication Critical patent/EP3380800B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
    • F28D2021/0071—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2210/00—Heat exchange conduits
    • F28F2210/02—Heat exchange conduits with particular branching, e.g. fractal conduit arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2210/00—Heat exchange conduits
    • F28F2210/10—Particular layout, e.g. for uniform temperature distribution

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular to a heat exchanger which may be used in a refrigerated sales furniture and which operates efficiently under low charge conditions.
  • Refrigerated sales furnitures usually are equipped with a refrigeration circuit, configured for cooling a refrigerated sales space of the refrigerated sales furniture and including in the direction of flow of a circulating refrigerant: a compressor, a heat rejecting heat exchanger (condenser/gas cooler), an expansion device and a heat receiving heat exchanger (evaporator).
  • a refrigeration circuit configured for cooling a refrigerated sales space of the refrigerated sales furniture and including in the direction of flow of a circulating refrigerant: a compressor, a heat rejecting heat exchanger (condenser/gas cooler), an expansion device and a heat receiving heat exchanger (evaporator).
  • a heat exchanger comprises a gas flow path extending from a gas inlet side to an opposing gas outlet side and at least one heat exchange coil extending through the gas flow path, the at least one heat exchange coil being configured for allowing heat exchange between a fluid flowing through the at least one heat exchange coil and a gas, in particular air, flowing through the gas flow path.
  • the at least one heat exchange coil comprises: a refrigerant inlet portion with an inlet terminal; a refrigerant outlet portion with an outlet terminal; and a heat exchange portion, which is fluidly connected between the refrigerant inlet portion and the refrigerant outlet portion for allowing a fluid refrigerant to flow from the refrigerant inlet portion through the heat exchange portion into the refrigerant outlet portion.
  • the refrigerant inlet portion, the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion are arranged within the gas flow path so that gas entering at the gas inlet side will first pass the refrigerant outlet portion, then the refrigerant inlet portion and finally the heat exchange portion of the heat exchange coil before leaving the gas flow path at the gas outlet side.
  • the refrigerant inlet portion is provided by a single tube section.
  • the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion are respectively provided by at least two tubes sections connected in parallel, and the volume ratio between the volume of the refrigerant inlet portion and the sum of the volumes of the heat exchange portion and of the refrigerant outlet portion is in a range of 1 :3 to 1 :7, in particular in a range of 1 :4 to 1 :6.
  • a heat exchanger with such a configuration may be operated very efficiently even under low charge conditions, i.e. when only a relatively small amount of refrigerant is circulating within the refrigeration circuit.
  • such heat exchanger in particular is very suitable to be employed in a refrigeration circuit using a flammable refrigerant, as in this case the maximum amount of refrigerant circulating within the refrigeration circuit is limited by safety requirements.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a partial sectional view through a heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates a sectional view of a heat exchanger 3 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the heat exchanger 3 comprises a gas inlet side 4, which is configured for receiving a relatively warm gas flow W, in particular warm return air, and an opposing gas outlet side 6, which is configured for delivering a relatively cold gas flow C, which has been cooled by the heat exchanger 3.
  • the gas inlet side 4 is depicted at the bottom and the gas outlet side 6 is depicted at the top of Figure 1.
  • the heat exchanger 3 may be oriented differently resulting in a different orientation of the gas flow.
  • the heat exchanger 3 further comprises a heat exchange coil 8 meandering through the heat exchanger 3.
  • the heat exchange coil 8 comprises, in the direction of flow of the refrigerant, a refrigerant inlet portion 10 with an inlet terminal 12 for receiving the refrigerant, a heat exchange portion 18, which is arranged downstream of the refrigerant inlet portion 10, and a refrigerant outlet portion 14, which is arranged downstream of the heat exchange portion 18.
  • the refrigerant outlet portion 14 has an outlet terminal 16 for discharging the refrigerant after it has passed the heat exchange coil 8.
  • the refrigerant inlet portion 10, the heat exchange portion 18 and the refrigerant outlet portion 14 are respectively limited by the endplates 31 a, 32b and extend basically orthogonally to the fins 30 and the direction of the gas flows W, C.
  • the heat exchange coil 8 further comprises connecting portions 11 extending outside the endplates 31 a, 32b basically parallel to the fins 30 and fluidly connecting the refrigerant inlet portion 10, the heat exchange portion 18 and the refrigerant outlet portion 14 with each other.
  • the heat exchange portion 18 comprises two sub-portions 17, 19 extending parallel to each other between the endplate 31a, 32b. Further connecting portions 11 extending outside the endplates 31 a, 32b basically parallel to the fins 30 fluidly connect the sub-portions 17, 19 with each other.
  • the number of two sub-portions 17, 19 shown in Figure 1 is only exemplary. The skilled person will easily understand that the heat exchange portion 18 may comprise any desired number of sub-portions 17, 19 sequentially connected with each other by additional connecting portions 11.
  • the refrigerant inlet portion 10, the heat exchange portion 18 and the refrigerant outlet portion 14 are arranged along the flow path of the gas so that gas entering at the gas inlet side 4 first passes the refrigerant outlet portion 14 (overheating portion) for overheating the refrigerant before it leaves the heat exchange coil 8 via the outlet terminal 16. After having passed the refrigerant outlet portion 14, the gas will pass the refrigerant inlet portion 10 and finally the heat exchange portion 18 of the heat exchange coil 8 before leaving the gas flow path of the heat exchanger 3 at the gas outlet side 6.
  • the refrigerant inlet portion 10 is formed by a single inlet tube section 9.
  • the heat exchange portion 18 is provided by two heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 fluidly connected in parallel and extending basically parallel to each other. A refrigerant inlet side of each of the two heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 is fluidly connected with the inlet tube section 9.
  • each of the two heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 turns into a corresponding outlet tube section 24, 26, respectively extending through the gas inlet side 4 of the heat exchanger 3.
  • the outlet tube sections 24, 26 merge downstream of the heat exchanger 3 providing a common outlet terminal 16.
  • the two tube sections 20, 22, 24, 26 pairwise extending basically parallel to each other may be arranged next to each other in the direction of the gas flow, as shown in Figure 1 . They however, also may be arranged next to each other in a direction perpendicular to the sectional plane shown in Figure 1 .
  • volume of the connecting portions 11 is not considered when calculating the volume ratio R.
  • a heat exchanger 2 with such a design has been found to allow for a very efficient transfer of heat from the gas passing the heat exchanger 2 with the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange coil 8, in particular under low charge conditions, i.e. when only a comparatively small amount of refrigerant is circulating within the refrigeration circuit.
  • the cross section of the inlet tube section 9 is considerably smaller than the combined cross section of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22, the flowing speed of the refrigerant within the inlet tube 9 section is relatively high.
  • a comparable large amount of refrigerant flowing through the inlet tube section 9 is turned into gas by the warm air flow W flowing into the heat exchanger 3.
  • Generating a large amount of gas in the refrigerant inlet portion 10 is beneficial for enhancing the efficiency of the heat exchanger 3 in particular when the heat exchanger is operated with a low refrigerant charge.
  • Further heat exchange portions 18, which are not depicted in the Figure, may be present. Such further heat exchange portions 18 may be part of additional meandering heat exchange coils 8 of one or more further heat exchangers.
  • the heat exchangers 3 according to the first exemplary embodiment also may be modified to comprise more than one heat exchange coil 8.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a heat exchanger 5 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention comprising two heat exchange coils 8a, 8b. Similar features are denoted with the same reference signs and will not be discussed in detail again.
  • the two heat exchange coils 8a, 8b shown in Figure 2 only comprise a single heat exchange tube section 20 and a single outlet tube section 24, respectively.
  • each of the heat exchange coils 8a, 8b respectively may be provided with a plurality of heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 and a plurality of outlet tube sections 24, 26 extending basically parallel to each other, similar to the first and second embodiments illustrated in Figure 1 , respectively.
  • the inlet terminal 12a and the outlet terminal 16a of a first heat exchange coil 8a are arranged on a first (left) lateral side 7a of the heat exchanger 5, and the inlet terminal 12b and the outlet terminal 16b of a second heat exchange coil 8b are arranged on an opposite second (right) lateral side 7b of the heat exchanger 5.
  • the refrigerant is flowing in a counterflow arrangement through the first and second heat exchange coils 8a, 8b, in particular in the refrigerant inlet portions 10a, 10b and the refrigerant outlet portions 14a, 14b.
  • the heat transfer within the heat exchanger 5 is enhanced and the efficiency of the heat exchanger 5 is optimized.
  • Additional heat exchange coils or heat exchange portions 18 of heat exchange coils 8a, 8b in particular may be arranged above or below the sectional planes represented by Figures 1 and 2, respectively.
  • the difference between the number of inlet terminals 12a, 12b and the difference between the numbers of outlet terminals 16a, 16b on both sides of the heat exchanger 5 may be chosen to be one in order to cause a distribution of the heat between the first and second lateral sides 7a, 7b of the heat exchanger 5 which is as homogeneous as possible.
  • Figure 3 shows a partial sectional view through a heat exchanger 2-r3, 5 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is taken along a sectional plane S-S extending parallel to the fins 30 (see Figure 2).
  • Figure 3 in particular shows a portion of one of the fins 30 and four heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 extending orthogonally through the fin 30.
  • the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 are arranged in a rectangular matrix arrangement comprising columns extending perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow F, i.e. vertically in Figure 2, and rows extending parallel to the direction of the gas flow F, i.e. horizontally in Figure 2.
  • the distance B of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 along the (vertical) columns is different from the distance A of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 along the (horizontal) rows.
  • the ratio of the distance A along the rows with respect to the distance B along the columns may be between 0.7 and 1 .0, in particular between 0.8 and 0.9.
  • the distance A of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 along the rows may be between 35 mm and 45 mm, in particular between 38 mm and 42 mm and the distance B of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 along the columns is between 45 mm and 55 mm, in particular between 48 mm and 52 mm.
  • the diameter D of the tube sections 20, 22 in particular may be in the range of 7 mm to 9.52 mm.
  • the inner diameter D of the tube sections 20, 22 may be 7 mm and the outer diameter of the tube sections 20, 22 may be 9.52 mm.
  • the ratio of the circumference ⁇ of the tube sections 20, 22 with respect to the size of the fin areas X may be in the range of 1.0 mm/cm 2 to 2.5 mm/cm 2 , in particular between 1.5 mm/cm 2 and 2.0 mm/cm 2 , for allowing an efficient transfer of heat between the gas flowing through the heat exchanger and the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange coil 8.
  • the refrigerant inlet portion, the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion respectively extend between opposing endplates.
  • the endplates in particular support the refrigerant inlet portion, the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion for providing a rigid structure of the heat exchanger.
  • the endplates further define the volumes of the refrigerant inlet portion, the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion which are to be considered when calculating the volume ratio.
  • the heat exchange portion comprises at least two sub-portions extending parallel to each other and being fluidly connected by connecting portions. Providing a heat exchange portion comprising plurality of sub-portions allows to increase the capacity of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger comprises at least two heat exchange coils extending through the gas flow path. Providing two or more heat exchange coils increases the capacity of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a first group of heat exchange coils and a second group of heat exchange coils.
  • the inlet terminals of the first group of heat exchange coils are arranged on a first lateral side of the heat exchanger and the inlet terminals of the second group of heat exchange coils are arranged on an opposing second lateral side of the heat exchanger.
  • the direction of refrigerant flow through the refrigerant inlet portions of the first group of heat exchange coils is opposite to the direction of refrigerant flow through the refrigerant inlet portions of the second group of heat exchange coils.
  • the heat transfer is distributed more homogeneously over the whole width of the heat exchanger and, in consequence, the efficiency of the heat transfer is enhanced.
  • the outlet terminals of the first group of heat exchange coils are arranged on a first lateral side of the heat exchanger, and the outlet terminals of the second group of heat exchange coils are arranged on an opposing second lateral side of the heat exchanger.
  • the direction of refrigerant flow through the refrigerant outlet portions of the first group of heat exchange coils is opposite to the direction of refrigerant flow through the refrigerant outlet portions of the second group of heat exchange coils.
  • the heat transfer is distributed more homogeneously over the whole width of the heat exchanger and, in consequence, the efficiency of the heat transfer and the superheating of the refrigerant within the refrigerant outlet portions are enhanced.
  • the inner diameter of the tube sections is more than 6 mm, in particular at least 7 mm. In an embodiment the outer diameter of the tube sections is less than 10 mm, in particular not more than 9.52 mm. In an embodiment the inner diameter of the tube sections is 7 mm, the outer diameter of the tube sections is 9.52 mm. Tube sections having these diameters have been found as allowing an efficient heat transfer.
  • the heat exchange tube sections are arranged in columns and rows forming a rectangular matrix, wherein the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the columns differs from the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the rows.
  • the ratio of the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the rows with respect to the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the columns in particular may be between 0.7 and 1.0, in particular between 0.8 and 0.9.
  • the distance of the tube sections in the direction parallel to the gas flow is smaller than the distance of the tube sections in a direction orthogonal to the gas flow.
  • the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the rows is between 35 mm and 45 mm, and/or the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the columns is between 45 mm and 55 mm.
  • the heat exchanger further comprises a plurality of fins extending basically parallel to the the gas flow path and/or orthogonally to the inlet tube sections, to the outlet tube sections and/or to the heat exchange tube sections.
  • the fins direct the flow of gas flowing through the heat exchanger and enhance the transfer of heat between the flow of gas and the refrigerant flowing through the inlet tube sections, through the outlet tube sections and through the heat exchange tube sections.
  • the ratio of the circumference of the tube sections with respect to a fin area, which is assigned to each tube section by mentally dividing the area of each fin into a plurality of equally sized fin areas, each of the fin areas being centered at one of the tube sections, is in the range of 1.0 mm/cm 2 to 2.5 mm/cm 2 , in particular between 1.5 mm/cm 2 and 2.5 mm/cm 2 .
  • Such a configuration has been found as allowing an efficient transfer of heat between gas flowing through the heat exchanger and refrigerant flowing through the tube sections.
  • the heat exchanger is configured for flowing R290 through the at least one heat exchange coil.
  • R290 as a refrigerant allows a very efficient and economic operation of the refrigeration circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

A heat exchanger (3; 5) comprises a gas flow path extending from a gas inlet side (4) to an opposing gas outlet side (6) of the heat exchanger, and at least one heat exchange coil (8; 8a, 8b) extending through the gas flow path and being configured for allowing heat exchange between a fluid flowing through the heat exchange coil (8; 8a, 8b) and a gas flowing through the gas flow path. The at least one heat exchange coil (8; 8a, 8b) comprises a refrigerant inlet portion (10) having an inlet terminal (12), an refrigerant outlet portion (14) having an outlet terminal (16), and a heat exchange portion (18) connected between the refrigerant inlet portion (10) and the refrigerant outlet portion (14) allowing fluid to flow from the refrigerant inlet portion (10) through the heat exchange portion (18) into the refrigerant outlet portion (14). The refrigerant inlet portion (10), the refrigerant outlet portion (14) and the heat exchange portion (18) are arranged within the gas flow path so that gas entering at the gas inlet side (4) first passes the refrigerant outlet portion (14), then the refrigerant inlet portion (10) and finally the heat exchange portion (18) before leaving the gas flow path at the gas outlet side (6). The refrigerant inlet portion (10) is provided by a single inlet tube section (9), the heat exchange portion (18) is provided by at least two heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) and the refrigerant outlet portion (14) is provided by at least two outlet tube sections (24, 26) connected in parallel, wherein the volume (R) ratio between the volume (Vin) of the refrigerant inlet portion (10) and the sum of the volume (Vex) of the heat exchange portion (18) and volume (Vout) of the refrigerant outlet portion (14) is between 1:3 and 1:7, in particular between 1:4 and 1:6.

Description

HEAT EXCHANGER
The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular to a heat exchanger which may be used in a refrigerated sales furniture and which operates efficiently under low charge conditions.
Refrigerated sales furnitures usually are equipped with a refrigeration circuit, configured for cooling a refrigerated sales space of the refrigerated sales furniture and including in the direction of flow of a circulating refrigerant: a compressor, a heat rejecting heat exchanger (condenser/gas cooler), an expansion device and a heat receiving heat exchanger (evaporator).
In order to reduce the energy consumption of the refrigeration circuit, it would be beneficial to improve the efficiency of the refrigeration circuit, in particular by providing an improved heat receiving heat exchanger, which operates efficiently even under low charge conditions, i.e. when only a relatively small amount of refrigerant is circulating within the refrigeration circuit.
According to exemplary embodiments of the invention, a heat exchanger comprises a gas flow path extending from a gas inlet side to an opposing gas outlet side and at least one heat exchange coil extending through the gas flow path, the at least one heat exchange coil being configured for allowing heat exchange between a fluid flowing through the at least one heat exchange coil and a gas, in particular air, flowing through the gas flow path. The at least one heat exchange coil comprises: a refrigerant inlet portion with an inlet terminal; a refrigerant outlet portion with an outlet terminal; and a heat exchange portion, which is fluidly connected between the refrigerant inlet portion and the refrigerant outlet portion for allowing a fluid refrigerant to flow from the refrigerant inlet portion through the heat exchange portion into the refrigerant outlet portion. The refrigerant inlet portion, the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion are arranged within the gas flow path so that gas entering at the gas inlet side will first pass the refrigerant outlet portion, then the refrigerant inlet portion and finally the heat exchange portion of the heat exchange coil before leaving the gas flow path at the gas outlet side. The refrigerant inlet portion is provided by a single tube section. The heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion are respectively provided by at least two tubes sections connected in parallel, and the volume ratio between the volume of the refrigerant inlet portion and the sum of the volumes of the heat exchange portion and of the refrigerant outlet portion is in a range of 1 :3 to 1 :7, in particular in a range of 1 :4 to 1 :6.
A heat exchanger with such a configuration may be operated very efficiently even under low charge conditions, i.e. when only a relatively small amount of refrigerant is circulating within the refrigeration circuit. In consequence, such heat exchanger in particular is very suitable to be employed in a refrigeration circuit using a flammable refrigerant, as in this case the maximum amount of refrigerant circulating within the refrigeration circuit is limited by safety requirements.
In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the enclosed figures, wherein
Figure 1 schematically shows a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 schematically shows a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the invention; and
Figure 3 shows a partial sectional view through a heat exchanger according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Figure 1 schematically illustrates a sectional view of a heat exchanger 3 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
The heat exchanger 3 comprises a gas inlet side 4, which is configured for receiving a relatively warm gas flow W, in particular warm return air, and an opposing gas outlet side 6, which is configured for delivering a relatively cold gas flow C, which has been cooled by the heat exchanger 3.
In the configuration shown in Figure 1 , the gas inlet side 4 is depicted at the bottom and the gas outlet side 6 is depicted at the top of Figure 1. Of course, the heat exchanger 3 may be oriented differently resulting in a different orientation of the gas flow. Two outer endplates 31 a, 32b and a plurality of fins 30, which are arranged between the two endplates 31 a, 32b, extend parallel to direction of the gas flow between the gas inlet side 4 and the gas outlet side 6.
The heat exchanger 3 further comprises a heat exchange coil 8 meandering through the heat exchanger 3. The heat exchange coil 8 comprises, in the direction of flow of the refrigerant, a refrigerant inlet portion 10 with an inlet terminal 12 for receiving the refrigerant, a heat exchange portion 18, which is arranged downstream of the refrigerant inlet portion 10, and a refrigerant outlet portion 14, which is arranged downstream of the heat exchange portion 18. The refrigerant outlet portion 14 has an outlet terminal 16 for discharging the refrigerant after it has passed the heat exchange coil 8.
The refrigerant inlet portion 10, the heat exchange portion 18 and the refrigerant outlet portion 14 are respectively limited by the endplates 31 a, 32b and extend basically orthogonally to the fins 30 and the direction of the gas flows W, C. The heat exchange coil 8 further comprises connecting portions 11 extending outside the endplates 31 a, 32b basically parallel to the fins 30 and fluidly connecting the refrigerant inlet portion 10, the heat exchange portion 18 and the refrigerant outlet portion 14 with each other.
The heat exchange portion 18 comprises two sub-portions 17, 19 extending parallel to each other between the endplate 31a, 32b. Further connecting portions 11 extending outside the endplates 31 a, 32b basically parallel to the fins 30 fluidly connect the sub-portions 17, 19 with each other. The number of two sub-portions 17, 19 shown in Figure 1 is only exemplary. The skilled person will easily understand that the heat exchange portion 18 may comprise any desired number of sub-portions 17, 19 sequentially connected with each other by additional connecting portions 11.
The refrigerant inlet portion 10, the heat exchange portion 18 and the refrigerant outlet portion 14 are arranged along the flow path of the gas so that gas entering at the gas inlet side 4 first passes the refrigerant outlet portion 14 (overheating portion) for overheating the refrigerant before it leaves the heat exchange coil 8 via the outlet terminal 16. After having passed the refrigerant outlet portion 14, the gas will pass the refrigerant inlet portion 10 and finally the heat exchange portion 18 of the heat exchange coil 8 before leaving the gas flow path of the heat exchanger 3 at the gas outlet side 6. The refrigerant inlet portion 10 is formed by a single inlet tube section 9.
The heat exchange portion 18 is provided by two heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 fluidly connected in parallel and extending basically parallel to each other. A refrigerant inlet side of each of the two heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 is fluidly connected with the inlet tube section 9.
On a refrigerant outlet side each of the two heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 turns into a corresponding outlet tube section 24, 26, respectively extending through the gas inlet side 4 of the heat exchanger 3.
The outlet tube sections 24, 26 merge downstream of the heat exchanger 3 providing a common outlet terminal 16.
The two tube sections 20, 22, 24, 26 pairwise extending basically parallel to each other may be arranged next to each other in the direction of the gas flow, as shown in Figure 1 . They however, also may be arranged next to each other in a direction perpendicular to the sectional plane shown in Figure 1 .
A volume ratio R between the volume Vin of the refrigerant inlet portion 10 formed by the inlet tube section 9 and the volume Vex of the heat exchange portion 18, which is provided by the combined volumes of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 (Vex = V2o + V22), plus the volume Vout of the refrigerant outlet portion 14, which is provided by the combined volumes of the outlet tube sections 24, 26 (Vout = V24 + V26), in particular is between 1 :3 and 1 :7, i.e. R = Vin : (Vex + Vout).
It is noted that the volume of the connecting portions 11 is not considered when calculating the volume ratio R.
A heat exchanger 2 with such a design has been found to allow for a very efficient transfer of heat from the gas passing the heat exchanger 2 with the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange coil 8, in particular under low charge conditions, i.e. when only a comparatively small amount of refrigerant is circulating within the refrigeration circuit. As only a single inlet tube section 9 is used and therefore the cross section of the inlet tube section 9 is considerably smaller than the combined cross section of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22, the flowing speed of the refrigerant within the inlet tube 9 section is relatively high. As a result, a comparable large amount of refrigerant flowing through the inlet tube section 9 is turned into gas by the warm air flow W flowing into the heat exchanger 3. Generating a large amount of gas in the refrigerant inlet portion 10 is beneficial for enhancing the efficiency of the heat exchanger 3 in particular when the heat exchanger is operated with a low refrigerant charge.
Further heat exchange portions 18, which are not depicted in the Figure, may be present. Such further heat exchange portions 18 may be part of additional meandering heat exchange coils 8 of one or more further heat exchangers.
Two heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 and two outlet tube sections 24, 26 are depicted in Figure 1. The skilled person, however, will easily understand that in further embodiments, which are not explicitly shown in the Figures, more than two heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 and more than two outlet tube sections 24, 26 connected in parallel may by employed for setting the desired volume ratio between the refrigerant inlet portion 10 and the heat exchange portion 18.
The heat exchangers 3 according to the first exemplary embodiment also may be modified to comprise more than one heat exchange coil 8.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of a heat exchanger 5 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention comprising two heat exchange coils 8a, 8b. Similar features are denoted with the same reference signs and will not be discussed in detail again.
For the clarity of the illustration, the two heat exchange coils 8a, 8b shown in Figure 2 only comprise a single heat exchange tube section 20 and a single outlet tube section 24, respectively. However, each of the heat exchange coils 8a, 8b respectively may be provided with a plurality of heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 and a plurality of outlet tube sections 24, 26 extending basically parallel to each other, similar to the first and second embodiments illustrated in Figure 1 , respectively. The inlet terminal 12a and the outlet terminal 16a of a first heat exchange coil 8a are arranged on a first (left) lateral side 7a of the heat exchanger 5, and the inlet terminal 12b and the outlet terminal 16b of a second heat exchange coil 8b are arranged on an opposite second (right) lateral side 7b of the heat exchanger 5. As a result, the refrigerant is flowing in a counterflow arrangement through the first and second heat exchange coils 8a, 8b, in particular in the refrigerant inlet portions 10a, 10b and the refrigerant outlet portions 14a, 14b. This results in a nearly homogeneous distribution of the heat within the heat exchanger 5 and in particular avoids that, in operation, one lateral side 7a, 7b of the heat exchanger 5 becomes considerably warmer than the other lateral side 7b, 7a. As a result, the heat transfer within the heat exchanger 5 is enhanced and the efficiency of the heat exchanger 5 is optimized.
Although only two heat exchange coils 8a, 8b are shown in Figure 2, the skilled person will easily understand that more than the two depicted heat exchange coils 8a, 8b, which are not explicitly shown in the Figures, may be employed.
Additional heat exchange coils or heat exchange portions 18 of heat exchange coils 8a, 8b in particular may be arranged above or below the sectional planes represented by Figures 1 and 2, respectively.
In case an even number of heat exchange coils 8a, 8b is provided, it is beneficial to respectively provide the same number of inlet terminals 12a, 12b and outlet terminals 16a, 16b on both sides of the heat exchanger 5 for generating a nearly homogeneous distribution of the heat between the first and second lateral sides 7a, 7b of the heat exchanger 5, as it has been described before.
In case an odd number of heat exchange coils 8a, 8b is provided, the difference between the number of inlet terminals 12a, 12b and the difference between the numbers of outlet terminals 16a, 16b on both sides of the heat exchanger 5 may be chosen to be one in order to cause a distribution of the heat between the first and second lateral sides 7a, 7b of the heat exchanger 5 which is as homogeneous as possible.
Figure 3 shows a partial sectional view through a heat exchanger 2-r3, 5 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is taken along a sectional plane S-S extending parallel to the fins 30 (see Figure 2). Figure 3 in particular shows a portion of one of the fins 30 and four heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 extending orthogonally through the fin 30.
The heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 are arranged in a rectangular matrix arrangement comprising columns extending perpendicular to the direction of the gas flow F, i.e. vertically in Figure 2, and rows extending parallel to the direction of the gas flow F, i.e. horizontally in Figure 2.
The distance B of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 along the (vertical) columns is different from the distance A of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 along the (horizontal) rows. The ratio of the distance A along the rows with respect to the distance B along the columns may be between 0.7 and 1 .0, in particular between 0.8 and 0.9.
The distance A of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 along the rows may be between 35 mm and 45 mm, in particular between 38 mm and 42 mm and the distance B of the heat exchange tube sections 20, 22 along the columns is between 45 mm and 55 mm, in particular between 48 mm and 52 mm.
The diameter D of the tube sections 20, 22 in particular may be in the range of 7 mm to 9.52 mm. In particular, the inner diameter D of the tube sections 20, 22 may be 7 mm and the outer diameter of the tube sections 20, 22 may be 9.52 mm.
When each of the fins 30 is (mentally) divided into a plurality of equally sized fin areas X, and each fin area X is assigned to one of the tube sections 20, 22, the ratio of the circumference πϋ of the tube sections 20, 22 with respect to the size of the fin areas X may be in the range of 1.0 mm/cm2 to 2.5 mm/cm2, in particular between 1.5 mm/cm2 and 2.0 mm/cm2, for allowing an efficient transfer of heat between the gas flowing through the heat exchanger and the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange coil 8.
A number of optional features are set out in the following. These features may be realized in particular embodiments, alone or in combination with any of the other features. In an embodiment the refrigerant inlet portion, the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion respectively extend between opposing endplates. The endplates in particular support the refrigerant inlet portion, the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion for providing a rigid structure of the heat exchanger. The endplates further define the volumes of the refrigerant inlet portion, the heat exchange portion and the refrigerant outlet portion which are to be considered when calculating the volume ratio.
In an embodiment the heat exchange portion comprises at least two sub-portions extending parallel to each other and being fluidly connected by connecting portions. Providing a heat exchange portion comprising plurality of sub-portions allows to increase the capacity of the heat exchanger.
In an embodiment the heat exchanger comprises at least two heat exchange coils extending through the gas flow path. Providing two or more heat exchange coils increases the capacity of the heat exchanger.
In an embodiment the heat exchanger comprises a first group of heat exchange coils and a second group of heat exchange coils. The inlet terminals of the first group of heat exchange coils are arranged on a first lateral side of the heat exchanger and the inlet terminals of the second group of heat exchange coils are arranged on an opposing second lateral side of the heat exchanger. In consequence, the direction of refrigerant flow through the refrigerant inlet portions of the first group of heat exchange coils is opposite to the direction of refrigerant flow through the refrigerant inlet portions of the second group of heat exchange coils. As a result, the heat transfer is distributed more homogeneously over the whole width of the heat exchanger and, in consequence, the efficiency of the heat transfer is enhanced.
In an embodiment the outlet terminals of the first group of heat exchange coils are arranged on a first lateral side of the heat exchanger, and the outlet terminals of the second group of heat exchange coils are arranged on an opposing second lateral side of the heat exchanger. In consequence, the direction of refrigerant flow through the refrigerant outlet portions of the first group of heat exchange coils is opposite to the direction of refrigerant flow through the refrigerant outlet portions of the second group of heat exchange coils. As a result, the heat transfer is distributed more homogeneously over the whole width of the heat exchanger and, in consequence, the efficiency of the heat transfer and the superheating of the refrigerant within the refrigerant outlet portions are enhanced.
In an embodiment the inner diameter of the tube sections is more than 6 mm, in particular at least 7 mm. In an embodiment the outer diameter of the tube sections is less than 10 mm, in particular not more than 9.52 mm. In an embodiment the inner diameter of the tube sections is 7 mm, the outer diameter of the tube sections is 9.52 mm. Tube sections having these diameters have been found as allowing an efficient heat transfer.
In an embodiment the heat exchange tube sections are arranged in columns and rows forming a rectangular matrix, wherein the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the columns differs from the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the rows. The ratio of the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the rows with respect to the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the columns in particular may be between 0.7 and 1.0, in particular between 0.8 and 0.9. Such a configuration has been found as allowing an efficient heat transfer between gas flowing through the heat exchanger and fluid refrigerant flowing through the tube sections.
In an embodiment the distance of the tube sections in the direction parallel to the gas flow is smaller than the distance of the tube sections in a direction orthogonal to the gas flow. Such a configuration has been found as allowing an efficient heat transfer between gas flowing through the heat exchanger and refrigerant flowing through the tube sections.
In an embodiment the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the rows is between 35 mm and 45 mm, and/or the distance of the heat exchange tube sections along the columns is between 45 mm and 55 mm.
In an embodiment the heat exchanger further comprises a plurality of fins extending basically parallel to the the gas flow path and/or orthogonally to the inlet tube sections, to the outlet tube sections and/or to the heat exchange tube sections. The fins direct the flow of gas flowing through the heat exchanger and enhance the transfer of heat between the flow of gas and the refrigerant flowing through the inlet tube sections, through the outlet tube sections and through the heat exchange tube sections. In an embodiment the ratio of the circumference of the tube sections with respect to a fin area, which is assigned to each tube section by mentally dividing the area of each fin into a plurality of equally sized fin areas, each of the fin areas being centered at one of the tube sections, is in the range of 1.0 mm/cm2 to 2.5 mm/cm2, in particular between 1.5 mm/cm2 and 2.5 mm/cm2. Such a configuration has been found as allowing an efficient transfer of heat between gas flowing through the heat exchanger and refrigerant flowing through the tube sections.
In an embodiment the heat exchanger is configured for flowing R290 through the at least one heat exchange coil. Using R290 as a refrigerant allows a very efficient and economic operation of the refrigeration circuit.
While the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition many modifications may be made to adopt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.
Reference Numerals
3 heat exchanger (first embodiment)
4 gas inlet side
5 heat exchanger (second embodiment)
6 gas outlet side
7a first (left) lateral side of the heat exchanger
7b second (right) lateral side of the heat exchanger
8, 8a, 8b heat exchange coil
9 inlet tube section
10, 10a, 10b refrigerant inlet portion of the heat exchange coil
11 connecting portion of the heat exchange coil
12, 12a, 12b inlet terminal
14, 14a, 14b refrigerant outlet portion of the heat exchange coil 16, 16a, 16b outlet terminal
17 sub-portion of the heat exchange portion
18 heat exchange portion of the heat exchange coil
19 sub-portion of the heat exchange portion
20, 22 heat exchange tube sections
24, 26 outlet tube sections
30 fin
31 a, 31 b endplates
A distance between the tube sections in a first direction
B distance between the tube sections in a second direction
C cold gas flow
D diameter of a tube section
F direction of the gas flow
R volume ratio
S-S sectional plane
Vex volume of the heat exchange portion
Vin volume of the refrigerant inlet portion
Voui volume of the refrigerant outlet portion
V2o, V22 volume of the heat exchange tube sections
V24, V26 volumes of the outlet tube sections
W warm gas flow
X fin area

Claims

Claims
1 . Heat exchanger (3; 5) comprising
a gas flow path extending from a gas inlet side (4)to an opposing gas outlet side (6) of the heat exchanger (3, 5); and
at least one heat exchange coil (8; 8a, 8b) extending through the gas flow path and being configured for allowing heat exchange between a fluid flowing through the heat exchange coil (8; 8a, 8b) and a gas flowing through the gas flow path;
wherein the at least one heat exchange coil (8; 8a, 8b) comprises:
a refrigerant inlet portion (10) with an inlet terminal (12);
a refrigerant outlet portion (14) with an outlet terminal (16); and a heat exchange portion (18) fluidly connected between the refrigerant inlet portion (10) and the refrigerant outlet portion (14) for allowing fluid to flow from the refrigerant inlet portion (10) through the heat exchange portion (18) into the refrigerant outlet portion (14);
wherein the refrigerant inlet portion (10), the heat exchange portion (18) and the refrigerant outlet portion (14) are arranged within the gas flow path so that gas entering at the gas inlet side (4) first passes the refrigerant outlet portion (14), then the refrigerant inlet portion (10) and finally the heat exchange portion (18) of the heat exchange coil (8; 8a, 8b) before leaving the gas flow path at the gas outlet side (6); and
wherein the refrigerant inlet portion (10) is provided by a single inlet tube section (9), the heat exchange portion (18) is provided by at least two heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) and the refrigerant outlet portion (14) is provided by at least two outlet tube sections (24, 26) connected in parallel, wherein the volume ratio (R) between the volume (Vin) of the refrigerant inlet portion (10) and the sum of the volume (Vex) of heat exchange portion (18) and the volumen (Vout) of the refrigerant outlet portion (14) is between 1 :3 and 1 :7, in particular between 1 :4 and 1 :6.
2. Heat exchanger (5) of claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant inlet portion (10), the heat exchange portion (18) and the refrigerant outlet portion (14) respectively extend between opposing endplates (31 a, 32b).
3. Heat exchanger (5) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchange portion (18) comprises at least two sub-portions (17, 19) extending parallel to each other and being fluidly connected by connecting portions (11 ).
4. Heat exchanger (5) of any of claims 1 to 3, comprising at least two heat exchange coils (8a, 8b) extending through the gas flow path.
5. Heat exchanger (5) of claim 4, comprising a first group of heat exchange coils (8a) and a second group of heat exchange coils (8b), wherein the inlet terminals (12a) of the first group of heat exchange coils (8a) are arranged on a first lateral side (7a) of the heat exchanger (5) and the inlet terminals (12b) of the second group of heat exchange coils (8b) are arranged on an opposing second lateral side (7b) of the heat exchanger (5) such that the direction of flow through the refrigerant inlet portions (10a) of the first group of heat exchange coils (8a) is opposite to the direction of flow through the refrigerant inlet portions (10b) of the second group of heat exchange coils (8b).
6. Heat exchanger (5) of claim 4 or 5, comprising a first group of heat exchange coils (8a) and a second group of heat exchange coils (8b), wherein the outlet terminals (12a) of the first group of heat exchange coils (8a) are arranged on a first lateral side (7a) of the heat exchanger (5) and the outlet terminals (12b) of the second group of heat exchange coils (8b) are arranged on an opposing second lateral side (7b) of the heat exchanger (5) such that the direction of flow through the refrigerant outlet portions (14a) of the first group of heat exchange coils (8a) is opposite to the direction of flow through the refrigerant outlet portions (14b) of the second group of heat exchange coils (8b).
7. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of any of the preceding claims, wherein the inner diameter of the tube sections (9, 20, 22, 24, 26) is more than 6 mm, in particular at least 7 mm, and/or wherein the outer diameter of the tube sections (9, 20, 22, 24, 26) is less than 10 mm, in particular not more than 9.52 mm.
8. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of any of the preceding claims, wherein the heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) are arranged in columns and rows forming a rectangular matrix.
9. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of claim 8, wherein the distance (B) of the heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) along the columns differs from the distance (A) of the heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) along the rows.
10. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of claim 9, wherein the distance (A) of the tube sections (9, 20, 22, 24, 26) in the direction parallel to the gas flow (F) is smaller than the distance (B) of the tube sections (9, 20, 22, 24, 26) in a direction orthogonal to the gas flow (F).
11. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of any of claims 8 to 10, wherein the ratio of the distance (A) of the heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) along the rows with respect to the distance (B) of the heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) along the columns is between 0.7 and 1.0, in particular between 0.8 and 0.9.
12. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of any of claims 8 to 11 , wherein the inner diameter D of the tube sections (9, 20, 22, 24, 26) is 7 mm, the outer diameter D of the tube sections (9, 20, 22, 24, 26) is 9.52 mm, the distance (A) of the heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) along the rows is between 35 mm and 45 mm, and/or the distance (B) of the heat exchange tube sections (20, 22) along the columns is between 45 mm and 55 mm.
13. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of any of the preceding claims, further comprising fins (30) extending basically parallel to the gas flow path.
14. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of claim 14, wherein the ratio of the circumference of the tube sections (9, 20, 22, 24, 26) with respect to a fin area (X) assigned to each tube section (9, 20, 22, 24, 26), which is constructed by dividing the total area of each fin (30) into a plurality of equally sized fin areas (X), is in the range of 1.0 mm/cm2 to 2.5 mm/cm2, in particular between 1.5 mm/cm2 and 2.5 mm/cm2.
15. Heat exchanger (3; 5) of any of the preceding claims, which is configured for flowing R290 through the at least one heat exchange coil (8; 8a, 8b).
EP15798124.2A 2015-11-23 2015-11-23 Heat exchanger Active EP3380800B1 (en)

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EP4116642B1 (en) * 2020-03-05 2024-10-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Heat exchanger and air conditioner

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JPS58120465U (en) * 1982-02-10 1983-08-16 鹿島建設株式会社 Ice making heat exchanger
JPH06281293A (en) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-07 Toshiba Corp Heat exchanger
JP3157360B2 (en) * 1993-07-23 2001-04-16 三洋電機株式会社 Cooler
US6009936A (en) * 1997-04-17 2000-01-04 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger
US6923013B2 (en) * 2001-05-04 2005-08-02 Carrier Corporation Evaporator for medium temperature refrigerated merchandiser
CA2446025A1 (en) * 2003-10-22 2005-04-22 Arneg Canada Inc. Cooling mechanism for refrigeration systems
JP4375312B2 (en) * 2005-09-13 2009-12-02 富士電機リテイルシステムズ株式会社 Cold air circulation display case
US8931296B2 (en) * 2009-11-23 2015-01-13 John S. Chen System and method for energy-saving inductive heating of evaporators and other heat-exchangers
CN102519201B (en) * 2011-12-24 2015-07-01 广东奥马电器股份有限公司 Refrigerating box with high-efficiency energy-saving evaporator

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