EP3209892A1

EP3209892A1 - Nail

Info

Publication number: EP3209892A1
Application number: EP15759357.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Dimitar KARASTOYANOV; Todor Penchev; Petar Bodurov; Pencho SIRAKOV
Original assignee: Institute Of Information And Communication Technologies
Current assignee: Institute Of Information And Communication Technologies
Priority date: 2014-09-18
Filing date: 2015-07-21
Publication date: 2017-08-30
Also published as: WO2016041027A1; BG66855B1; BG111824A

Abstract

The invention relates to a nail comprised of a body (3) with the shape of an equilateral triangle with convex sides, representing the arcs (9). At the upper end of the body (3) a head (5) is shaped of three convex parts of a sphere and, at its upper side the head (5) is flat, and in its centre a groove (7) is formed having the shape of a triangle with convex sides. Body (3) ends up with a peak (1 ) at its bottom end representing a triangular spheroidal convex pyramid whose sides are part of a sphere. The nail is used in construction, in the furniture industry and in households.

Description

NAIL

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a nail, which is used in construction, furniture industry and household.

HISTORY OF THE RELATED ART

A nail with a circular cross-section of the body has long been utilized in the industry, where a head is shaped at its upper end and the lower end of the body ends with a pyramid-shaped peak. There are varieties of nails, whose cross-section of the body is different from that of a circle and their heads and tails are differently shaped. Nails that are composed of several parts are utilized which split up when nailed in materials.

Nails are known, whose body is knurled partially, or throughout their entire length of the body, as well as bodies twisted in a helix and with knurled edges transversely to the axis of the body. "Nail" IM is known whose body represents an equilateral triangle with straight or concavely curved walls.

A disadvantage of the utilized nails is that they can be easily removed after nailing due to their circular cross-section. Another disadvantage of the known nails is the easy breakage of the triangular peaks due to their reduced section. Moreover, a disadvantage is that they cannot be utilized in mass production due to their complex manufacturing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to provide a nail with an increased circumference section of the body which is difficult to eject and with a shape which is applicable in mass production. This object is solved as a naii is invented, consisting of a body with a shape of an equilateral triangle whose sides are curved outwards and represent arcs of a circle. A head is shaped at the upper end of the body consisting of three convex parts of a sphere, whose edges coincide with the edges of the equilateral triangle of the body, as the head is flat at its upper side, wherein a groove is shaped at the centre of the head with the shape of a triangle with outwardly convex sides representing arcs of a circle. The body ends at its bottom end with a peak shaped like a triangular spheroid pyramid whose sides are part of a sphere, and the edges are arcs of a circle and they coincide with the edges of the body.

One embodiment of the body of the nail is that the curvature of the convex arcs can be part of a helix, parabola or another geometric curve. / Fig. 3 /

Another embodiment of the body of the nail is that the edges of the body with a cross section consisting of three outwardly curved arcs and such a curvature can be part of a circle, helix, parabola or other geometric curve.

An embodiment of the body of the nail is that some of the arcs of the body are replaced by a straight section that is located between two adjacent edges of the body and extends along all the length of the stem or part of the length of the stem as the sheets formed thereby are with one and the same or different width and length. / Fig. 4 /

One embodiment of the body of the nail is that some of the arcs of the body have a groove located between two adjacent edges of the body, as the grooves are one and the same or different in width and depth, from identical or different curves and extend along the entire body length or part of the body length, as the grooves are modelled on one, two or three sides of the body. / Fig. 5 /

Another embodiment of the body of the nail is that some of the arcs of the body have an outwardly convex arc, located between two adjacent edges, as the convex parts of the arcs are with one and the same or different width and height of convexity and they are formed by geometrical curves and extend along the entire length of the stem or along part of the length of the stem, as the convex section is modelled on one, two or three sides of the body. /Fig.6/

One embodiment of the body of the nail is that a part of the arcs of the body is convex and it is composed of two arcs or straight lines forming an edge, as the convex sections are with one the same or different width and height of convexity and they extend along the entire body length or along part of the body length, wherein the said convex section is formed at one, two or three sides of the body. / Fig. 7 /

Another embodiment of the body of the nail is that the edges of the body are flatly canted, as the said canting is with one and the same or different width, as the canted edges extend over the entire body length or part of the length of the body, wherein one, two or three edges of the body are flatly canted. / Fig. 8 / An embodiment of the body of the nail is that the edges of the body are concave arcs, whose width and depth are one and the same or different and they extend along the entire or along part of the body length, and one, two or three edges of the body are concave. / Fig. 9 /

Another embodiment of the body of the nail is that the edges of the body are shaped as rectangles, whose edges are rounded, such that the section of the rectangles is one and the same or different for all edges, as the edges are along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body, wherein one, two or three edges of the body are modelled in this way. / Fig. 10 /

One embodiment of the body of the nail is that the edges of the body are modelled by two concave arcs and their length is one and the same or different, as the edges are of that type along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body and one, two or three edges of the body are modelled in this way./Fig.1/ Another embodiment of the body of the nail is that it is shaped in two convex arcs forming two edges which are sharp or rounded along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body. / Fig. 12 / Another embodiment of the body of the nail is that parts of the arcs of the body have a straight section as the said straight section is with one and the same or different width along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body. / Fig. 13 /

Another embodiment of the body of the nail is that some of the arcs of the body have a concave arc-shaped section, wherein the grooves are along one or two arcs and along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body. / Fig.14 /

An embodiment of the body of the nail is that a part of the arcs of the body have a convex arc-shaped section and the said arcs are identical or they are different in size and they are modelled alongside one or alongside both arcs of the body and along its entire length or along part of the body length. /Fig.15/

One embodiment of the head of the body of the nail is that it is shaped by two convex arcs whose dimensions are larger than the arcs of the body of the nail, and the edges are sharp or rounded. / Fig. 16 /

Another embodiment of the head of the body of the nail is that it is shaped like a triangular prism with a small height, made up of outwardly convex arcs, as the edges of the prism coincide with the edges of the body. /Fig. 17/

Another embodiment of the head of the nail is that it is shaped as a truncated cone, composed of three parts, each of which is a part of a cone with a cross-section in the shape of a triangle, composed of three convex arcs, as the edges of this cone coincide with the edges of the body of the nail. / Fig. 18 /

One embodiment of the head of the nail is that it is shaped like a triangular prism with a small height and a truncated cone composed of three parts, as the edges of the prism and the cone coincides with the edges of the body. /Fig. 19/

Another embodiment of the head of the body of the nail is that it is composed of three outwardly convex parts of spheres, which in its upper part pass into a triangular prism with a small height, and in the lower part they pass into the three sides of the body, as the edges of the prism and the edges of the head composed of the three parts of a sphere coincide with the edges of the body of the nail. / Fig. 20 /

While driving in a nail in a vertical wall, the body of the nail can be positioned with one of the edges of the body downwards, while the other two edges lie in a horizontal plane. / Fig. 21 /

Furthermore, the edges of the body of the nails driven into two perpendicular boards can be oriented towards the end of the bottom board, while the other two edges lie on a straight line parallel to the end of the lower board. /Fig.22/

When nails are driven in two perpendicular boards one of edges is oriented towards the end of the top board, while the other two edges lie on a straight line parallel to the upper end of the board. / Fig. 23 /

When nails are driven into two perpendicular boards, two of the edges of the nails driven in lie on a straight line parallel to the upper end of the board and one edge points into a direction opposite to the end of the upper board. /Fig.24/

All edges of the bodies, the heads and the tops of the described embodiments can be sharp or rounded, as the curvature can be part of a circle, spiral or any other geometric curve.

Nails can be produced from various metals and metal alloys, as well as from other materials.

The main advantage of the proposed nails is its greater outer surface relative to the most popular nails, which has a cross-section of a circle, whereby the yieid is a greater cohesion of the nail while driving in different materials, due to the greater contact area of the body, of the peak and the head of the nail. Another advantage of the nails is their greater durability when subjecting the assembled with them materials on vibration, shock and other tests, due to their increased contact area. Such nails are especially convenient for use in construction in areas subject to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, storms and hurricanes.

Furthermore, an advantage is that the proposed nails with cross- sections formed by more than three arcs will have a greater resistance to rotation of the nailed details over the currently used popular nails with a circular cross section, whereby in order to prevent rotation of the paired parts it is necessary to drive in at least two nails.

Furthermore, the stem with three edges has a greater firmness than the stem with circular cross-section and this will enable increased lengths of the stems of the nails. Also improving the firmness of the proposed nails while bending or driving in will allow the replacement of the nails with a large circular cross-section with the proposed nails which are with a smaller cross-section, and therefore less weight. The described advantages of the proposed nails make them suitable for use in medicine and this will reduce the size of deployment of foreign bodies into the organisms.

Another advantage of the proposed nails is that they are applicable in mass production, due to the specific design of the sides of the body with convex arc sides, which does not require large investments.

An advantage of the nails is the fact that the change in the cross- section of the body of the nail from arcs of a circle to arcs of the geometric curves allows an optimal approach to the various cases of coupling of details of most varied materials with nails, such as different species of wood, plastics and composite materials. The presence of edges along the stem of the proposed nails allows to put into practice an oriented driving in of nails, specifically for some particular cases in order to obtain optimum use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is illustrated by the following figures, where:

Figure 1 is a view along the axis of the nail;

Figure 2 is a view from above, over the head of the nail;

Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1 1 , 12, 13, 1 4 and 15 represent different embodiments of the cross-section of the body of the nail;

Figures 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 represent the views of different embodiments of the head of the nail;

Figures 21 , 22, 23 and 24 represent different orientations of the edges of the bodies of the nails driven in a wall and in boards.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The invention is explained better by the following preferred embodiment, Figure 1 .

The nail consists of a body 3 with a cross-section shaped like an equilateral triangle whose sides 9 are convex outward arcs of a circle. At the upper end of the body 3 a head 5 is shaped of three convex sections of a sphere, whose edges 6 coincide with the edges 4 of the equilateral triangle of the body 3, as the head 5 at its upper side is flat, wherein a groove 7 is shaped in the centre of the head 5 having the shape of a triangle with convex sides representing parts of a circle.

Body 3, at its lower side ends up with a peak 1 , shaped like a triangular spheroid pyramid whose sides are part of a sphere, and the edges 2 coincide with the edges 4 of the body 3.

Figure 2 is a top view of the head 5 of the nail, as the edges 6, the groove 7 and the plane 8 are designated. Figure 3 is the A-A cross-section of the body 3 of Figure 1 whereby the sides 9 of the body 3, the edges 4 of the body 3 and the sides 10 of the equilateral triangle are designated.

The curves of the convex arcs which form the cross-section of body 3 may be part of a helix, parabola or other geometric curve. The edges 4 of the body 3 can be sharp or rounded, as the rounding may be part of a circle, a helix, a parabola or other geometric curve.

Figure 4 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as some of the arcs 9 are replaced by a straight section 11 which is located between two adjacent edges 4 and extends along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3, as the planes formed thereby may be with one and the same or different width and length.

Figure 5 is an embodiment of a cross-section of the body 3, as some of the arcs 9, which form the cross-section of the body 3 are replaced by the groove 12 located between two adjacent edges 4 of the body 3, as the grooves 12 may be identical or different in width and length, modelled by arcs of identical or different geometric curves, and extend along the entire length body or along part of the length of the body 3, as the grooves 12 can be modelled on one, on two or on three sides of the body 3.

Figure 6 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as some of the arcs 9, which form the cross-section of the body 3 are with outwardly convex section 13 which is located between two adjacent edges 4, as the convex sections 13 can be identical or different in width and height of convexity and they are modelled by geometrical curves and extend along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3, as the convex section 13 can be modelled on one, on two or on three sides of the body 3.

Figure 7 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as some of the arcs 9, which form the cross-section of the body 3, are outwardly convex and they are composed of two arcs 14 of geometric curves or of two straight lines and an edge 15, as the convex sections can be identical or different in width and height of convexity, and they extend along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3, whereby this section can be formed on one, on two or on three sides of the body 3.

Figure 8 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as the edges 16 are flat canted, as the width of the canting can be identical or different for different edges 16, whereby the canted edges 16 extend along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3, wherein one, two or three edges 16 of the body 3 can be flatly canted. Figure 9 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as the edges 17 are concave arcs and their width and depth can be identical or different, as the grooves of the edges 17 are arcs of geometric curves, and they extend along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3 and one, two or three edges 17 of the body 3 can be concave shaped.

Figure 10 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as the edges 8 of the body 3 are shaped as rectangles, whose edges are rounded or sharp, as the cross-section of the rectangles can be identical or different for all edges 18 and the edges 18 can be along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3, whereby one, two or three edges 18 of the body 3 can be shaped in this way. Figure 11 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as the edges 19 of the body 3 are formed by two inwardly concave arcs 20, whose length may be identical or different, and the edges 19 can be the same along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3, whereby one, two or three edges 19 of the body 3 can be shaped in this way. Figure 12 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3 and it is formed of two outwardly convex arcs 21 forming two edges 22 and the edges 22 can be sharp or rounded along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3.

Figure 13 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as some of the arcs 21 have a straight section 23 and the straight section 23 can be identical or different in width along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body 3, alongside one or both sides of the body 3.

Figure 14 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as some of the arcs 21 of the body 3 have a concave arc-shaped section 24 and the grooves 24 are on one or on both arcs 21 , along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body 3.

Figure 15 is an embodiment of the cross-section of the body 3, as some of the arcs 21 of the body 3 have a convex outwardly arced section 25 and the arcs of section 25 can be identical or different in sizes and they are formed on one or on both arcs 21 of the body 3, along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body 3.

Figure 16 is an embodiment of the head of the nail, which is formed of two arcs 26 and edges 27 and the arcs 26 are larger than the arcs 21 which form the cross-section of the body 3.

Figure 17 is an embodiment of the head of the nail, which is shaped like a triangular prism 29 with a small height and with a cross-section similar to a triangle composed of convex arcs, and the edges of the prism 30 coincide with the edges 4 of the body 3.

Figure 18 is an embodiment of the head of the nail and it is shaped like a truncated cone 31 , comprised of three parts, each of which forms part of a cone, which form together a triangle shaped cross-section composed of three outwardly convex arcs, as the edges 32 of this cone coincide with the edges 4 of the body 3. Figure 19 is an embodiment of the head of the nail and it is shaped like a triangular prism 33 with a shorter height, and corresponding to it is the truncated cone 31 of Figure 18 comprised of three parts of a cone, as the edges 34 of the prism 33 and the edges 32 of the cone 31 coincide with the edges 4 of the body 3.

Figure 20 is an embodiment of the head 5 of the nail, which is composed of three outwardly convex parts of spheres, as in its the upper part the head passes into a triangular prism 33, with a small height and the edges 34 of the prism 33 and the edges 6 of the head 5 composed of three parts of a sphere coincide with the edges 4 of the body 3.

Figure 21 is a cross-section of the body of 3 of the nail driven in wall 35, as one of its peaks 4 is from below and the other two peaks 4 lie on a horizontal line.

Figure 22 is an embodiment of two boards, perpendicularly positioned, the bottom one 37 and the upper one 36, and three nails are driven in them, as one of their edges is oriented towards the end of the bottom board 37 and the remaining two peaks lie on a straight line parallel to the end of bottom board 37.

Figure 23 is an embodiment of two boards, perpendicularly positioned, the bottom one 37 and the upper one 36, and three nails are driven in them, as one of their edges is oriented towards the end of the upper board 36, and the remaining two edges lie on a straight line parallel to the end of upper board 36.

Figure 24 is an embodiment of two boards, perpendicularly positioned, the lower one 37 and the upper one 36, and two of the edges of the bodies 3 of the nails driven in them lie on a straight line parallel to the end of the upper board 36 and one edge is oriented in a direction opposite to the end of the upper board 36. USE OF INVENTION

The proposed embodiments of nails will diversify the areas of application of nails and will increase the chances of such a popular product, as today are the chances of the most popular nails with a circular section.

Their use will be mainly in construction, furniture industry, packaging industry, households and in some less common fields. The variety of embodiments of the cross-section of the nail allows a specific approach towards each type of material or area and this will yield an increase in quality of the resultant compounds and it will cause the invention of new compounds. The introduction of oriented drive in, by orienting the edges of the cross-section, the driving in with the proposed nails will further change the old technology of hammering.

PATENT CITATIONS: EP 0582276

Claims

1. A nail comprised of a body (3) representing an equilateral triangle characterized in that the body (3) has the shape of an equilateral triangle whose sides (10) are outwardly convex arcs (9) of a circle, as at the upper end of the body (3) a head (5) is shaped of three outwardly convex parts of a sphere whose edges (6) coincide with the edges (4) of the equilateral triangle of the body (3) and at its upper side the head (5) is a plane ( 8), wherein at the centre of the plane (8) of the head (5) a groove (7) is formed having the shape of a triangle with outwardly convex sides, representing arcs of a circle, and the lower end of the body (3) ends up with a peak (1 ) shaped like a triangular spheroidal pyramid and its sides are part of a sphere, and the edges (2) coincide with the edges (4) of the body (3).

2. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the convex arcs (9) of the equilateral triangle of the body (3) can be part of a helix, of a parabola or other geometric curve.

3. A nail according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the edges (4) of the body (3) and the edges (6) of the head (5) and edges (2) of the peak (1 ) can be rounded alongside as a part of a circle, spiral, parabola and other geometric curves.

4. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the portion of the arcs (9) is replaced with a straight line (11 ) along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body (3), as the planes formed in this way can be identical or different in width and in length as well as they can be positioned on one, on two or on three sides of the body (3).

5. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that some of the arcs (9) of the cross-section of body (3) can be arc-shaped grooves (12) located between two adjacent edges (4) of the body (3), as the grooves (12) can be identical or different in width and depth of the same or different curves and extend along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body (3) and the grooves (12) can be formed on one, on two or on three sides of the body (3).

6. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that some of the arcs (9) of the body (3) are an outwardly convex arc (13) located between two adjacent edges (4), as the convexity of the arcs (13) can be identical or different in width and convexity and they are formed along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body (3), as the convex section (13) can be formed on one, on two or on three sides of the body (3).

7. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that some of the arcs (9) of the body (3) are outwardly convex and they are formed by two arcs (14) or straight lines, forming the edge (15), as the convex sections can be identical or different in width and in height of the convexity and they extend along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body (3), wherein the said convex section cab be formed on one, on two or on three sides of the body (3).

8. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the edges (16) of the body (3) are flat canted and the canting can be identical or different in width, such that the canted edges (16) extend along part of the body length or along the entire length the body (3), wherein one, two or three edges (16) of the body (3) can be flatly canted.

9. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the edges (17) of the body (3) are concave arcs, whose width and depth can be identical or different, and they extend along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body (3), as one, two or three edges (17) of the body (3) can be concave.

10. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the edges (18) of the body (3) are formed as rectangles, whose edges are rounded or sharp, as the cross-section of the rectangles can be identical or different for all edges (18) and the edges can be along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body (3), whereby one, two or three edges (18) of the body (3) can be modelled in this way.

11. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the edges (19) of the body (3) are formed by two concave arcs (20) whose length can be identical or different, and the edges (19) can be the same along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body (3) and one, two or three edges (19) of the body (3) can be modelled in this way.

12. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the cross-section of the body of the nail is formed of two convex arcs (21 ) forming two edges (22), which can be sharp or rounded, along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body of the nail.

13. Nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that some of the arcs (21 ) of the body of the nail have straight sections (23) and the straight section (23) can be identical or different in width along part of the body length or along the entire length of the body of the nail.

14. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that some of the arcs (21 ) of the body of the nail are with a concave arched section (24), as the grooves (24) are on one or they are on two arcs (21 ) along the entire body length or along part of the length of the body of the nail.

15. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that some of the arcs (21 ) of the body of the nail have a convex arc-shaped section (25) and these arcs can be identical or different in size and they can be formed on one or on both arcs (21 ) along the entire body length or along part of the length body of the nail.

16. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the head (28) of the body of the nail is formed of two outwardly convex arcs (26) whose dimensions are greater than the dimensions of the arcs (21 ) of the body of the nail, and the edges (27) can be sharp or rounded.

17. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the head of the body (3) of the nail is shaped as a triangular prism (29) with a smaller height composed of three convex arcs and the edges (30) of the prism (29) coincide with the edges (4) of the body (3) of the nail.

18. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the head of the body (3) is shaped as a truncated cone (31 ) consisting of three parts, each of these parts represents a part of a cone, which together form a triangular cross-section composed of three convex arcs, and the edges

(32) of this cone coincide with the edges (4) of the body (3) of the nail.

19. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the head of the body (3) is formed by a triangular prism (33) with a small height and a truncated cone (31 ) comprised of three parts, and the edges (34) of the prism and the edges (32) of the cone (31 ) coincide with the edges (4) of the body (3) of the nail.

20. A nail according to claim 1 , characterized in that the head of the body (3) is composed of three outwardly convex parts of spheres (5) which in its upper part pass into a triangular prism with a smaller height

(33) , and in the lower part they pass into the three sides of the body (3) and the edges (34) of the prism (33) and the edges (6) of the head composed of the three parts of spheres (5) coincide with the edges (4) of the body (3) of the nail.