EP3208386B1 - Device for holding and driving an aggregate for the preparation of dispensed lump material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for receiving and driving a unit for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, of lumpy feed material. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of such a device for accommodating and driving a unit that is suitable for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, of lumpy feed material.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, of lumpy feed material.

The processing of lumpy feed material is of great importance, for example, in the industrial processing of mineral raw materials, e.g. in quarries, gravel works and in mining, as well as in the processing of secondary materials, e.g. in the recycling of building rubble. The processing includes in particular the crushing, classifying and/or sorting of the lumpy input material. Crushers are typically used for comminution. The classification is done with the help of sieving devices.

One speaks of crushers when they allow crushing of the input material to grain sizes in the coarse to medium size range, ie to a grain size of up to 1-10mm. In contrast, one speaks of mills when the target grain size is to be in the fine or finest range below. Crushers can be used both stationary and mobile (on wheels or on caterpillar tracks).

Mobile crushers, such as from the U.S. 5,431,350 A known, have the advantage over stationary crushers that they can be moved on the construction site or within a demolition field. Instead of transporting the feed material from the changing places where it accumulates over long distances to the stationary crusher, which causes high transport costs, mobile crushers can easily be tracked with the help of their integrated chassis on the construction site or in the demolition field in order to follow the place where the material accumulates . Fully mobile crushing plants with permanently installed crawler tracks can be filled by excavators, for example. The shredded material can then be further processed on site or further transported via mobile conveyor systems or wheel loaders.

Another advantage of mobile crushers is that, due to the relatively low transport weight, they can be brought to the respective construction site or demolition field with conventional transport devices without having to be dismantled into their individual components.

The mobile use of crushers is also made possible by crusher buckets, in particular jaw crusher buckets. This is an attachment for excavators that can crush the feed material, such as building rubble and demolition material, with the help of built-in crushing jaws. A crusher bucket has the shape of a shovel, with which the material to be crushed can be picked up like a conventional excavator shovel and which is open at the back for the crushed material to exit. Compared with normal jaw crusher, jaw crusher bucket has lower production but can easier to transport and only requires an excavator to operate. A jaw crusher spoon is for example in the WO 2004/020747 A1 described.

The crusher bucket works with the hydraulic system of the excavator. The excavator's hoses for the oil supply and drain are connected directly to the crusher bucket. A hydraulic block regulates the oil flow and oil pressure to deliver the right amount to the hydraulic motor.

During the crushing process, the crusher bucket is positioned vertically so that the material can fall out at the bottom. Crushing buckets have the following advantages compared to mobile crushers: Due to the design of the crusher as an attachment for excavators, the crusher can be easily removed and attached. This makes it easy to switch between different attachments. Furthermore, the crusher can be adjusted in height due to the arrangement on an excavator arm, so that the required distance to the ground or to a discharge device arranged below can be set. In particular, the crushing of steel-reinforced concrete, such as railway sleepers, is not possible with conventional mobile crushers because the steel rods exiting the crusher together with the crushed concrete require a certain amount of space in the vertical direction, which is not available with mobile crushers. Finally, crusher buckets have the advantage that because the crusher is attached to the excavator arm, it can easily be tilted or shaken to clear blockages or blockages in the excavator.

However, the disadvantage of crusher buckets is that the crusher stops production while the material is being picked up with the attachment, so that the production capacity is low. Compared to stationary crushers, systems with crusher buckets have the disadvantage that the excavator, on whose arm the attachment is arranged, is blocked for other work.

The invention therefore aims to create an improved device for carrying out crushing work or other processing work, in particular classification or sorting work, with a high production capacity being to be achieved and the transport routes being to be minimized.

To solve this problem, the invention provides a stationary device according to claim 1.

The invention thus enables the use of an attachment that is actually intended for mobile vehicles, in particular excavators, on a stationary device. At the stationary device, the attachment, such as a crusher bucket, is only used for processing the material, but not for picking up the material. With such stationary operation, the feed material is fed directly into the attachment by a feeder (such as excavators, wheel loaders, etc.), thus avoiding the production downtime caused by the material being picked up by the attachment. The constant supply of material to the attachment that is made possible in this way means that the output of the attachment can be increased by up to 50%. This also reduces the operating costs to a minimum.

The invention also creates great flexibility because attachments can be used both mobile on an excavator or wheel loader and stationary. Since attachments are designed for quick attachment and detachment, it is easy to switch between the two types of use mentioned. Furthermore, changing between different attachments is also possible in a simple manner.

The stationary device according to the invention has a stationary, in particular frame-shaped support structure which carries or supports a carrying element with fastening means for detachably fastening the attachment. The stationary design of the frame means that the device has no traction drive. Preferably, the device according to the invention also does not include a fixed chassis, such as a caterpillar chassis or wheels. For support on the ground, the support structure preferably comprises only support feet, which are in particular designed to be extendable in order to be able to compensate for uneven floors. In order to increase the security against tipping, the Support structure preferably additional stabilizing elements, such as laterally extendable claws.

The device according to the invention requires a separate transport vehicle for the relocation. However, since the device can be made relatively small, it can be transported using conventional transport vehicles which are available in any case on a demolition field or a construction site. The transport costs are significantly lower than in the case of conventional stationary crushing plants, which are large in view of their higher production capacity compared to attachments and can usually only be transported with special transport or in a dismantled or partially dismantled state.

In order to be able to use the attachment on the device according to the invention in a similar way as on an excavator arm, the support element for the attachment is arranged so that it can be adjusted in height and/or tilted relative to the support structure. The height adjustability allows you to adjust the distance of the attachment to the ground or to a conveyor belt placed below. The height adjustability avoids the problem with permanently installed aggregates of too small a distance between the outlet and the conveyor belt, especially in the recycling of steel-reinforced concrete. Furthermore, due to the height adjustability, the attachment can also be moved far down in order to ensure a very low loading height in the case of low room heights (e.g. in tunnel construction).

The tilting function of the carrying element enables the attachment to be emptied quickly, either for dumping unbreakable material or screened oversize grain. The vibrating function of the carrying element, which is also otherwise not possible with permanently mounted tools, also enables the feed material to be loosened and blockages to be solved quickly. This enables an additional increase in production.

The device according to the invention is further characterized by an integrated drive device for the attachment, which can be brought into drive connection with a drive of the attachment via coupling and/or connecting means. With regard to the drive, the attachment can therefore be used in a manner similar to that on the boom of an excavator or the like, i.e. the use of conventional attachments that require an external energy supply in order to be able to be driven is made possible. The respective attachment is thus fed by the energy system of the device according to the invention. The attachment comprises, for example, a hydraulic motor fed by a hydraulic system of the device according to the invention, the relevant hoses for the oil inlet and outlet being connected directly to the attachment.

Within the scope of the present invention, an attachment is understood to mean an additional tool for construction machines, with which the construction machine can carry out various types of work processes. Attachments can usually be attached to and removed from the respective construction machine, in particular its extension arm, manually or with the aid of quick-change devices without great effort. The attachment is preferably designed as a spoon crusher, in particular a spoon jaw crusher, or as a sieve spoon.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height adjustability or tiltability of the attachment is achieved in that the support element for the attachment is arranged on a boom supported on the support structure, the boom being adjustable in such a way that the support element is height-adjustable and/or tiltable is. In particular, the jib comprises at least a first and a second arm which are pivotable relative to one another, the first arm preferably being pivotally attached to the support structure. This results in a construction of two cantilever arms that is comparable to the cantilever of an excavator. In this case, the two arms are preferably pivotably arranged, resulting in kinematics with which the support element and the attachment attached thereto can be moved two-dimensionally, in particular in a vertical plane, namely a longitudinal center plane of the device. The attachment can thereby be moved in the height direction and in a direction transverse thereto, namely forwards and backwards. Lateral adjustability, e.g. by rotating the boom about a vertical pivot axis, would also be conceivable.

In order to allow the attachment to be tilted, a preferred embodiment provides that the support element for the attachment is pivotably attached to the second arm of the boom.

The construction of the boom with two pivotable arms is preferably designed in such a way that the support element attached attachment can be moved between an operating position and a parking or transport position, wherein the arms are arranged in the parking or transport position in a mutually pivoted position and in the mutually pivoted position between them form a receiving space for the attachment. Provision is particularly preferably made here for the second arm and, if applicable, the first arm of the extension arm to be angled. This makes it possible for the arms, in the parking or transport position pivoted relative to one another, to essentially form a U or C shape together, which forms a receiving cross section for the attachment.

The swivel drives for swiveling the first arm, the second arm and/or the support element preferably each comprise at least one hydraulic cylinder-piston unit.

As already mentioned, the device is transported from and to its place of use with the aid of a separate transport device, such as a transport vehicle. In order to facilitate the loading and unloading of the device on or from the vehicle, it is preferably provided that at least one eyelet or a hook for grasping the device with a hook lift is provided on the support structure or on an element rigidly connected to it. The device can be gripped like a roll-off container and lifted or pulled onto the loading area of a transport vehicle, in particular a hook-lift trailer. A particularly advantageous embodiment provides in this context that the support structure or the support frame device according to the invention is designed as a base frame of a roll-off container.

The transport of the device is thus possible in a simple and cost-effective manner. This avoids the special transport of crawler crushers or crawler screens that is otherwise necessary with mobile crawler crushers or crawler screens using a low-loader trailer. Such mobile crushers or screening devices are designed to be mobile, so that they can move within a construction site with their own drive. Over longer distances, however, they have to be transported with the special transport vehicles mentioned.

A simple and quick attachment of the attachment is preferably made possible in that the support element comprises an adapter plate of a quick-change system for attachments. A quick coupler system provides a standardized attachment interface, with the adapter plate preferably being designed to accommodate two parallel bolts of the attachment, with the boom usually acting on the front bolt of the quick coupler and the tilting cylinder acting directly on the rear bolt.

A preferred embodiment provides that the drive device comprises a first hydraulic pump, preferably driven by a first electric motor, which is connected to a hydraulic line leading to a hydraulic motor of the attachment and a hydraulic line leading back from the hydraulic motor to form a first hydraulic circuit, with the outward and the returning hydraulic line preferably each has a connector for connecting to the attachment.

With a suitable valve arrangement on the hydraulic block of the device, the desired direction of rotation of the hydraulic motor can be selected. For example, a movable jaw or crushing plate of a jaw crusher can be driven in one direction of rotation for normal crushing operation and the other direction of rotation can be used to loosen material blocked in the crusher inlet. The direction of rotation of the sieve or crushing rotors can also be changed in the case of sieve shovels or shovel separators in order to ensure efficient sieving or to remove blockages.

Furthermore, a second hydraulic pump, preferably driven by a second electric motor, can be provided, which has a drive device for the height adjustability or tiltability of the support element, in particular the hydraulic cylinder-piston units of the swivel or tilt drives, and if necessary a hydraulic oil cooler for cooling the fed by the medium flowing in the first hydraulic circuit.

The control of the device according to the invention by an operator is preferably not carried out by the operator operating the device itself, but by remote control. For this purpose, the design is preferably such that the drive device for the attachment and/or a drive device for the height adjustability or tiltability of the support element are connected to a remote-controllable control device.

According to a further aspect, the invention provides the use of an attachment on a boom of a stationary device according to the first aspect of the invention for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, of lumpy feed material.

According to a further aspect, the invention relates to the use of a device according to the invention for receiving and driving a unit designed as an attachment, which is suitable for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, lumpy feed material and is detachably attached to the support element of the boom.

The attachment is preferably designed as a spoon crusher, in particular a spoon jaw crusher, or as a sieve bucket.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. in this show 1 a perspective view of a device according to the invention with an attached spoon crusher in an operating position, 2 a side view of the device according to FIG 1 in the operating position, 3 a side view of the device according to FIG 1 in another operating position, 4 a side view of the device according to FIG 1 in the parking position, figure 5 a perspective view of the device with associated discharge device and 6 a detailed view of the spoon crusher designed as a spoon jaw crusher.

In 1 the device according to the invention is shown, which serves to accommodate and drive an attachment. The attachment is designed as a bucket crusher 1 in the present embodiment. The bucket crusher 1 is a crushing unit that is intended for attachment to a boom arm of a mobile working machine, such as an excavator or the like, and therefore has a bucket 2 with which the material to be crushed can be picked up from the ground or a pile of material. As a result, the material to be crushed enters the receiving opening 3 and is crushed by an integrated crushing mechanism when the bucket crusher is in the operating position. The crushed material is discharged on the side 4 opposite the bucket.

In the application of the invention, the bucket crusher is not used on the boom arm of a mobile construction vehicle, but on the stationary device 5. The material is not picked up by the bucket crusher picking up the material on the ground, but with the help of a separate vehicle, such as an excavator or the like, which receives the material and delivers it to the receiving port 3 of the spoon crusher 1, so that the spoon crusher 1 is always in the in 1 shown operating position can remain. The crushing operation therefore does not have to be interrupted to collect the material.

The device 5 is designed as a stationary device and includes a support frame 6, which forms the supporting element of the device and rests on the ground. The support frame can include support feet or the like for this purpose. In the present embodiment, the support frame comprises two parallel, in the longitudinal direction running beams 7, which are connected to each other by a cross member 8 at the front. In the area of the cross member 8, the support frame 6 includes two laterally extendable or foldable claws 9, which serve to increase the tipping stability.

A boom 10 is fastened to the support frame 6 and comprises a first arm 11 and a second arm 12 . The first arm 11 is pivotally attached to the support frame 6 by means of a pivot bearing 13, the pivot axis of the pivot bearing 13 being horizontal and at right angles to the longitudinal direction. The pivoting drive for the first arm 11 comprises a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 14. The second arm 12 is pivotably attached to the first arm 11, with the pivot axis running parallel to the pivot axis of the pivot bearing 13. The pivoting drive for the second arm 12 includes a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 15. The second arm is angled and carries a support element 16 at its free end, which is designed, for example, as an adapter plate of a quick-change system for attachments. the support element 16 is mounted pivotably relative to the second arm 12 , the pivot axis in turn running parallel to the pivot axis of the pivot bearing 13 . The tilting drive for tilting the support element and the spoon crusher 1 rigidly attached to it is denoted by 17 and is designed as a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit. How better in 2 As can be seen, the spoon crusher 1 is fastened to the adapter plate 16 with the aid of two bolts 18 .

The device 5 has a housing 19 in the rear area, in which the drive device for driving the Spoon crusher 1 and the hydraulic cylinder-piston units 14, 15 and 17 is arranged.

In the side view according to 2 the device 5 is as in 1 shown in an operating position, with the same parts being provided with the same reference numbers. In contrast to 1 a foldable platform 20 is shown in the folded-down state. The foldable platform 20 is provided in order to be able to place any weights for increased stability with heavier attachments.

The bucket crusher 1 can be adjusted in height in the direction of the double arrow 21 by suitably actuating the hydraulic cylinder-piston units 14 and 15 . With the help of the hydraulic cylinder-piston unit 17, the bucket crusher can be tilted if necessary.

In 3 the boom 10 is shown in a position shifted further forward, with the bucket crusher 1 being tilted so that any material remaining in the crushing device of the bucket crusher 1 can be discharged, as indicated schematically by the arrow 22 .

In 4 the bucket crusher 1 is shown in the parking position, in which the boom 10 is folded in and the boom arms 11 and 12 together form a C or U-shaped receiving profile in which the bucket crusher 1 is arranged. In this position, the device 5 can easily be placed on a transport vehicle and the location can be changed. Next is in 4 a hook 29 for attachment to a hook lift trailer, not shown, can be seen.

In figure 5 the spoon crusher 5 is again shown in the operating position, with the crushed material that exits at the bottom 4 being discharged onto a conveyor 23 . The conveying device 23 comprises a material bunker 24 which is arranged directly below the material output of the spoon crusher 1 and from which the material is transported away with the aid of the conveyor belt 25 .

6 shows a jaw crusher spoon in section, with a stationary first crusher jaw 25 and a movable crusher jaw 26 lying opposite thereto being provided. The crusher jaw 26 is driven by an eccentric drive 27 in an oscillating reciprocating motion, so that material that gets between the jaws 25 and 26 is broken up. The broken material moves towards the gap 28 and can be discharged.

Claims (15)

1. Stationary device for receiving and driving a unit for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, lumpy feed material, the stationary device (5) not having a traction drive, comprising a stationary, in particular frame-shaped supporting structure (6) and a supporting element (16) supported on the supporting structure (6) and having fastening means for releasably fastening the unit designed as an attachment (1), wherein the supporting element (16) for the attachment (1) is arranged to be vertically adjustable and/or tiltable relative to the supporting structure (6), further comprising a drive device for the attachment (1), which can be brought into driving connection with a drive of the attachment (1) via coupling and/or connecting means.
2. Stationary device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting element (16) for the attachment (1) is arranged on a boom (10) supported on the supporting structure (6), the boom (10) being designed to be adjustable in such a way that the supporting element (16) can be adjusted in height and/or tilted.
3. Stationary device according to claim 2, characterized in that the boom (10) comprises at least a first (11) and a second (12) arm which are pivotable relative to each other, preferably the first arm (11) being pivotably attached to the supporting structure (6).
4. Stationary device according to claim 3, characterized in that the supporting element (16) for the attachment (1) is pivotally attached to the second arm (12) of the boom (10) .
5. Stationary device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the second arm (12) of the boom (10) is angled.
6. Stationary device according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the pivot drives for pivoting the first arm (11), the second arm (12) and/or the supporting element (16) each comprise at least one hydraulic cylinderpiston unit (14, 15, 17).
7. Stationary device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one eye or hook (29) for gripping the stationary device (5) with a hook lift is provided on the supporting structure (6) or on an element rigidly connected thereto.
8. Stationary device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the supporting element (16) comprises an adapter plate (16) of a quick-change system for attachments.
9. Stationary device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drive device comprises a first hydraulic pump, preferably driven by a first electric motor, which is connected to a hydraulic line leading to a hydraulic motor of the attachment and to a hydraulic line leading back from the hydraulic motor in order to form a first hydraulic circuit, the leading and the returning hydraulic lines preferably each having a connection piece for connection to the attachment (1).
10. Stationary device according to claim 9, characterized in that a second hydraulic pump, preferably driven by a second electric motor, is provided, which feeds a drive device for the height adjustability or tiltability of the supporting element, in particular the hydraulic cylinderpiston units of the pivot drives, and optionally a hydraulic oil cooler for cooling the medium flowing in the first hydraulic circuit.
11. Stationary device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the drive device for the attachment (1) and/or a drive device for the height adjustability or tiltability of the supporting element (16) are connected to a remotely controllable control device.
12. Stationary device for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, lumpy feed material, comprising a device according to any one of claims 2 to 11 and a unit designed as an attachment (1) for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, the lumpy feed material, which unit is detachably fastened to the supporting element (16) of the boom (10).
13. Use of an attachment on a boom of a stationary device (5) according to any one of claims 2 to 11 for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, lumpy feed material.
14. Use of a device according to any one of the claims 2 to 11 for receiving and driving a unit designed as an attachment (1), which is suitable for processing, in particular crushing, classifying and/or sorting, lumpy feed material and is detachably fastened to the supporting element (16) of the boom (10).
15. Device or use according to claim 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that the attachment (1) is designed as a bucket crusher, in particular a bucket jaw crusher, or as a screen bucket.

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