EP2913112A1 - Centrifuge, and method for loading a centrifuge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a centrifuge (1), in particular double shear centrifuge (1), or single - stage or multi - stage pusher centrifuge (1) comprising a screening drum (3) rotatable about a rotation axis (2) for separating a mixture (4) into a solid cake (5) and a liquid phase (6); and a pusher bottom device (8) arranged in the screen drum (3), which is alternately arranged to be reciprocable in a first thrust direction (S1) and a second thrust direction (S2) along the rotation axis (2) the solid cake (5) is mutually displaceable along the axis of rotation (2). The mixture (4) can be introduced into a first empty space (1101) or into a second empty space (1102) by means of a feed device (1000), which first empty space (1101) moves into the solids cake (5) through the push floor device (8) first thrust direction (S1) can be produced, and the second empty space (1102) in displacement of the solid cake (5) by the pusher bottom device (8) in the first direction of thrust (S1) opposite thrust direction (S2) can be produced. According to the invention, the feed device (1000) comprises a feed diverter (1020) and a mixture feed (1010), so that the mixture (4) is supplied to the first empty space (1101) or the second empty space (1102) via the feed feed (1020) via the mixture feed (1010) ) can be supplied according to a predeterminable scheme. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for loading a double-feed centrifuge (1) with a mixture (4) or with a washing fluid (F).

Description

The invention relates to a centrifuge, in particular double-feed centrifuge, or single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge, and a feed diverter for a centrifuge, and a method for loading a centrifuge with a mixture or with a washing fluid according to the preamble of the independent claims 1, 14, and 15.

In the context of this application, the invention is discussed primarily using the example of the application in a double-feed centrifuge. It goes without saying that the invention can equally advantageously be used in any other type of centrifuge, in particular in single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuges and in special cases even in centrifugal centrifuges, which are therefore all covered by the present application.

For dehumidifying liquids laden with materials, ie of wet substances or wet substance mixtures, centrifuges are widely used in various embodiments and are used in a variety of fields. For example, for dehumidifying highly pure pharmaceutical products, discontinuously operating centrifuges, such as centrifugal peeler preferably used, while especially when continuously large amounts of a solid-liquid mixture to be separated, continuously operating pusher centrifuges are advantageously used. Depending on the requirements, one-stage or multistage pusher centrifuges, as well as so-called double-pusher centrifuges, are advantageously used in practice.

In the various types of the latter class of double thrust centrifuges, a solid-liquid mixture, for example a suspension or other moist substance mixture, such as a moist salt or salt mixture, through an inlet pipe via a mixture distributor of a rapidly rotating centrifuge drum comprising a barrel at least partially configured as a filter, supplied, so that due to the centrifugal forces acting the liquid phase is eliminated through the filter, while inside a drum wall of the centrifuge drum, a solid cake is deposited. The term centrifuge drum, drum and barrel used by the expert often, although not synonymous throughout, of course, multi-part constructed drums are known in which, for example, a removable filter basket or a removable filter cloth can be provided or the centrifuge drum itself designed integrally as a filter basket can be.

Here, in the rotating centrifuge drum, which is also referred to simply as a drum below, a substantially disc-shaped synchronously co-rotating thrust tray is arranged, which oscillates in the axial direction in the drum with a certain amplitude, so that a part of the dehumidified solids cake at one end of the Drum is pushed out. In the opposite movement of the sliding floor an adjacent to the sliding floor area of the basket is released, which can then be fed through the inlet pipe and the mixture manifold again with a new mixture. Depending on the type used with modern high-performance Doppelschubschubzentrifugen easily throughputs in the order of up to 100 tons per hour or even more can be achieved, with drum diameter up to 1000 mm and even larger are quite common and typical rotational frequencies of the drum, depending on the drum diameter of up to 2000 revolutions per minute and more can be achieved. In this case usually requires a larger drum diameter because of the strong centrifugal forces occurring a smaller maximum rotational frequency of the drum. Of course, the operating parameters, such as the rotational frequency of the drum or the basket, the per unit time supplied amount of mixture or the drum diameter and thus the diameter of the barrel, or the type of pusher centrifuge used also from the material to be dehumidified, the Depend on liquid content, etc.

In the known double-feed centrifuges, the mixture usually passes through a stationary inlet pipe and a mixture distributor in the center of the centrifuge drum, wherein the mixture distributor rotates synchronously with the centrifuge drum. Through a arranged in the middle of the basket moving floor, which oscillates along the longitudinal axis of the centrifuge drum and can be operatively connected to the mixture distributor, the mixture in interaction with the mixture distributor, alternately fed to the front or rear drum half. As a result, two inlet zones are present, so that correspondingly larger amounts of mixture can be processed per unit time. A predeterminable part of the solid cake is transported through the sliding floor to the respective end of the drum and discharged through a collecting channel.

A known double-thrust centrifuge, which operates on the previously described principle is, for example, in EP 0 635 309 B1 described in detail. The advantages over conventional single or multi-stage pusher centrifuges are obvious. Among other things, here is the double inlet zone to call, whereby a significantly increased liquid absorption capacity is achieved, so that mixtures with lower inlet concentrations, ie can be processed with higher liquid content, while higher total feed quantities of mixture are processable. In addition, results in the same number of strokes, a double Festoff conveyance and thus a specific lower transport work. The space required corresponds to that of normal pusher centrifuges of the same size.

Typical areas of application for double-feed centrifuges include well dehumidified products, such as sea salt, where in particular the double utilization of the pushing movement comes to full effect. Another typical field of application are poorly filterable products or mixtures with low inlet concentrations (ie with a high liquid content). Here, the higher liquid absorption capacity compared to ordinary pusher centrifuges has a particularly positive effect. It is possible to process smaller inlet concentrations or higher suspension volumes without causing flooding.

However, the known pusher centrifuges also have several serious disadvantages. Even if lower with the known double thrust centrifuges Inlet concentrations can be processed as with ordinary single or multi-stage pusher centrifuges, the inlet concentration of the mixture to be processed may not be arbitrarily small. That is, if the proportion of liquid in the mixture is too high, for example, 50% or 70% or 80% or even more than 90% liquid phase, the mixture must be pre-thickened in more or less expensive processes. In fact, if the liquid content is too high, a uniform distribution of the mixture to be dried over the circumference of the sieve drum becomes increasingly difficult. On the one hand, this can lead to very damaging vibrations of the screening drum and thus to premature wear of bearings and drive; in the worst case, even become a safety issue in operation. On the other hand causes a non-uniform distributed over the circumference of the sieve drum solids cake washing problems. Therefore, for example, static thickeners, curved sieves or the well-known hydrocyclones are available for pre-drainage. It is obvious that the use of such Vorentwässerungssysteme both process technology and equipment very expensive and therefore expensive.

Another serious drawback to processing small inlet concentration mixtures is that virtually all of the liquid supplied to the mixture must be accelerated to full circumferential speed before being discharged through the filter screen of the screen drum. The same applies to the smallest particles in the mixture, which should also be separated from the solids cake by the sieve. This is energetically extremely unfavorable and affects the operating behavior of the centrifuge significantly negative.

But even in the processing of mixtures with a significantly higher solids concentration, the centrifuges known from the prior art sometimes show significant disadvantages. Thus, the mixture introduced into the mixture distributor through the inlet pipe is accelerated to the full peripheral speed of the drum in the shortest time when it strikes the screening drum. This can lead to grain breakage, especially with sensitive substances. This means, for example, that solid grains distributed in a suspension fed to the centrifuge are in the abrupt acceleration process in Uncontrolled manner burst into smaller pieces, which may have a negative impact on the quality of the produced solid cake, for example, if the particle size of the grains in the final product plays a role.

A part of the previously described, but also further problems, the applicant has previously recognized earlier and, for example, in the EP 1 468 741 A1 appropriate solutions proposed.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the known solution according to the following EP 1 468 741 A1 based on Fig. 1 briefly explained. In order to distinguish the present invention from the known from the prior art solution Fig. 1 the reference numerals of Fig. 1 provided with an apostrophe, while the reference numerals to features according to embodiments according to the invention Fig. 2 to Fig. 6c do not wear an apostrophe.

The centrifuge according to Fig. 1 shows on average in a schematic representation of essential components of a known double thrust centrifuge. The example of the EP 1 468 741 A1 Known double-thrust centrifuge, which is hereinafter referred to collectively with the reference numeral 1 ', comprises in a conventional manner a about an axis of rotation 2' about a drum axis 31 'rotatable basket 3', which is housed in a housing G '. The drum axis 31 'is in operative connection with a drum drive, not shown, so that the drum 3' can be set by the drum drive in rapid rotation about the rotation axis 2 '. The basket 3 'in this case has screen openings 32', through which in a known manner with rapid rotation liquid phase 6 'from a mixture 4', which is applied to an inner peripheral surface 20 'of the barrel 3', and by the centrifugal forces occurring to the outside into a collecting device 18 'can be discharged. The applied to the inner peripheral surface 20 'of the barrel 3' mixture 4 'is so deposited by the prevailing very strong centrifugal forces in a solids cake 5', which is deposited on the inner peripheral surface 20 'of the barrel 3', and the liquid phase 6 ', the through the screen openings 32 'from the barrel 3' can be discharged, separated.

Within the basket 3 ', a mixture distributor 7' is arranged, which allows mixture 4 'on the inner peripheral surface 20' of the barrel 3 'to distribute, wherein the Mixture distributor 7 'an inlet pipe 10' and a push floor device 8 'with pusher bottom plate 81' includes.

The mixture 4 'passes in the operating state via the inlet pipe 10' in the inlet device 17 'of the mixture manifold 7' and then due to an oscillatory movement of the pusher bottom device 8 'alternately the front or rear half of the barrel 3' fed. The inlet device 17 'is preferably rigidly coupled to the barrel 3' by fastening means and therefore rotates synchronously with the barrel 3 'and the mixture manifold 7'. However, only the mixture distributor 7 'with its components, i. E., The oscillatory movement, which will be described in more detail below, performs. with the push floor plate 81 ', the connecting element 82', the push floor device 8 'and the outer ring area 9'. Thus, in the operating state, an oscillatory relative movement between the oscillating mixture manifold 7 'and the immovable in the axial direction inlet device 17' and immovable in the axial direction inlet pipe 10 ', so that the mixture 4' alternately fed to the front or rear half of the barrel 3 ' is.

The push floor device 8 'is connected via a connecting element 82' with the push floor plate 81 'operatively connected. The pusher bottom device 8 'is preferably in the form of a circular disk with an outer annular region 9', wherein the annular region 9 'is formed and arranged on a peripheral region of the pusher bottom device 8' such that the ring region 9 'deposits in the annular basket 3' Solid cake 5 'alternately in both directions of the axis of rotation 2' is displaceable. The pusher bottom plate 81 'is also preferably formed as a ring sheath 81', but may also be designed in the form of a spoke wheel 81 'or in any other suitable form. The connecting element 82 ', which connects the push floor plate 81' to the push floor device 8 'in an effective manner, is constructed, for example, of a plurality of struts 82', which preferably but not necessarily extend along the axis of rotation 2 ', or as a compact or non-compact drum 82 ', For example, be designed as a perforated drum 82' or in any other suitable form.

The Schubodenplatte 81 'is coupled by means of a thrust axis 16' to a pusher with reversing unit, not shown, so that the pusher bottom plate 81 ' with the connecting element 82 'and the sliding floor device 8' in the direction of the axis of rotation 2 'in an oscillatory movement with a predeterminable stroke is displaceable. As a result of the oscillatory movement of the pusher bottom device 8 ', the solid cake 5' deposited on the peripheral surface of the barrel 3 'is displaceable alternately in both directions of the rotation axis 2' through the outer ring region 9 ', so that the solid cake passes through the outer ring region 9' in the axial direction to the respective end of the barrel 3 'is transportable and via a discharge opening 19' of the liquid phase 6 'separated from the double-feed centrifuge 1' can be discharged.

The essence of this earlier invention of the Applicant is that the sliding floor device 8 'in a predetermined range in the form of acceleration surfaces 12' is designed so that the introduced from the inlet pipe 10 'mixture 4' before reaching the runner 3 'accelerated to a predetermined peripheral speed is.

Due to the fact that according to this solution EP 1 468 741 A1 has the pusher bottom device 8 'against the radial direction inclined acceleration surfaces 12', a through the inlet pipe 10 'in the mixture manifold 7' introduced mixture 4 'does not hit directly on the basket 3'. Rather, the incoming mixture 4 'is applied to the acceleration surfaces 12', which are inclined against the radial direction. As a result, a slower acceleration of the newly introduced mixture 4 'is achieved on the peripheral speed of the basket 3', which in particular grain breakage and other harmful effects, such as occur during abrupt acceleration in the known from the prior art double thrust centrifuges, can be prevented. Thus, in such a double shear centrifuge 1 'a bursting of solid grains contained in the mixture can be avoided because the acceleration process over the predetermined inclination angle of the acceleration surfaces 12' is controllable, ie that the acceleration itself, for example, by a suitable choice of the inclination angle of the acceleration surface 12 'is adjustable. As a result, the quality of the produced solid cake 5 ', in particular in products in which, for example, the particle size or the shape of the grains in the end product play a role, can be significantly increased. In very special cases, it is even possible, in one and the same double thrust centrifuge 1 'in one operation, ie in at the same time to produce products of different quality, for example, by the angle of inclination of both sides of the sliding floor device 8 'arranged acceleration surfaces 12' is chosen differently.

Although the double shear centrifuge described above according to EP 1 468 741 A1 has been proving excellent in practice for many years and still provides outstanding service for many applications, the experience has nevertheless shown that further improvements, in particular for special requirements, may be necessary in order to further optimize the work results. This concerns in particular the filling of the centrifuge as such, but also the washing of the solid cake has further potential for improvement. Thus, it has been found in practical application that, for example, an optimization of the dosage in the task of the product stream is desirable in certain cases. The same applies to the washing process, which could be significantly improved by a more targeted dosage of the supply of the washing liquid.

Also, the construction of the EP 1 468 741 A1 with mixture distributor 7 ', the inlet device 17', and with the acceleration surfaces 12 'on the sliding floor device 8' according to Fig. 1 structurally relatively complex, so that it may be desirable in certain cases, to dispense with such a complex construction of the mixture manifold 7 'either wholly or at least partially or to maintain this in whole or in part but at the same time to further improve its function by additional design or procedural measures ,

The object of the invention is therefore to propose an improved double-slide centrifuge, which largely avoids the disadvantages resulting from the prior art.

The objects of the invention solving these objects are characterized by the features of independent claims 1, 14, and 15.

The respective dependent claims relate to particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention.

The centrifuge, in particular double-feed centrifuge, or single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge according to the present invention comprises a screen drum rotatable about a rotation axis for separating a mixture into a solids cake and a liquid phase, and arranged in the screen drum pusher device which alternately in a first thrust direction and a second Shear direction along the axis of rotation is arranged back and forth, so that the solid cake along the axis of rotation is mutually displaceable. By means of a feed device, the mixture in a first space or in a second empty space can be introduced, which first empty space upon displacement of the solids cake by the push floor device in the first direction of thrust can be produced, and the second space upon displacement of the solids cake by the push floor device in the first direction of thrust opposite thrust direction can be produced. According to the invention, the feed device comprises a feed reversal control and a mixture feed, so that the mixture can be supplied to the first empty space or the second empty space by means of the feed reversal control via the mixture feed to a predeterminable scheme.

It is essential for the invention that the feed device, which in practice may comprise a feed pipe known per se, comprises an infeed control and is in operative connection therewith so that at least the mixture, and / or in special embodiments also another fluid, eg a washing fluid can be introduced into the interior of the sieve drum and distributed in the sieve drum, and so e.g. the mixture to be dehumidified in the first empty space or second empty space of the double-draw centrifuge produced by the moving floor on an inner peripheral surface of the drum in the operating state can be supplied selectively and in a predeterminable scheme and in predeterminable amounts.

This makes it possible for the first time by the present invention, the metered dehumidifying mixture in predetermined amounts and apply at predetermined times or at predetermined time intervals optimally depending on the relevant boundary conditions or parameters on the inner peripheral surface of the drum for dehumidifying. Thus, for example, with one and the same centrifuge, a mixture laden with a lot of liquid or even an already largely pre-dehumidified mixture by an inventive Double slide centrifuge are optimally processed without previously structural adjustments to the centrifuge or to their additional aggregates must be made. The same applies, for example, to the washing process, which for the first time can be adapted to the special conditions of each application or of each material to be processed with a previously unknown level of flexibility. For this purpose, the centrifuge according to the invention comprises according to the following detailed description corresponding means for loading with the mixture to be dehumidified, in practice usually a suspension, or also means for washing the solid cake with a washing liquid. Of course, corresponding units for purging the centrifuge can be provided, which knows the person skilled in principle ago principle.

In order for the feeding device of the present invention to be fully flexible, sensors, probes, optical lenses or the like known per se for measuring, controlling or regulating the feeding of the media to be processed, such as suspensions to be dehumidified, washing or cleaning fluids or other media to be processed other known per se other sensors or detectors are provided on a novel double-slide centrifuge, with which, for example suitable valves, pumps, locks, etc. can be controlled or regulated so that the substances to be processed in accordance with the necessary requirements are flexibly and optimally fed to the screen drum.

The feed device or at least a part of its components is advantageously provided on a front plate of the centrifuge and particularly preferably protrudes through the push floor into the interior of the sieve drum of the centrifuge.

The feed device may comprise one, several or even a plurality of inlet pipes and / or Einspeiseumsteuerungen, or in which in operation one or more rotating or partially rotating or pulsating metering devices in the form of Zuteilkolben, Zuteilbüchsen or differently configured Zuteilaggregaten can be provided.

The one or more pulsating, rotating, partially rotating or otherwise metering components of the inventive feed reversal thus serves above all, but not only for the defined task of the product stream of mixture to be dehumidified and / or for washing the solid cake and / or for rinsing the front or rear of the rear chambers of the centrifuge.

If the allocator is e.g. a dispensing piston or a dispensing ram or other dispensing device, this may for example have a square, oval or circular cross-section. However, it can also be designed as a flat slide, cylindrical, cubic or spherical and thus serves for selective feeding or non-feeding of the medium to be fed into the sieve drum.

It goes without saying that the feeding device or its components can be made of any suitable material and, depending on the requirements, produced according to methods of production known per se and possibly also e.g. may also be suitably treated on the surfaces, so that necessary requirements for certain material properties such as hardness, strength, microstructure changes surface roughness, etc. can be optimally adjusted.

The drive and / or the control and / or regulation of the feed device or its components can be effected by suitable drives, which are provided directly to the corresponding components to be driven or else removed from the components, e.g. may be provided in corresponding drive units outside the centrifuge, which may then be connected via suitable connections such as pressure lines, electrical connections, radio links or any other suitable active and / or signal connection with the component to be operated in a conventional manner.

In an embodiment of a double-feed centrifuge which is particularly important in practice, the feed device comprises an inlet pipe with inlet pipe axis and the feed diverter comprises an allocation device provided at the inlet pipe, with which the mixture feed can be manipulated according to a predeterminable scheme such that a supply of the mixture into the first empty space or is prevented in the second empty space. That is, the supply of the mixture in the first space or in the second Empty space is no longer controlled as it were passive and inflexible by the movement of the moving floor alone, but can be controlled and / or controlled flexibly in the inventive pusher centrifuge actively and selectively by the Eispeiseumsteuerung according to a predetermined scheme.

In particular, the metering device may be an at least partially arranged in the inlet pipe dispensing piston or may alternatively or additionally be an at least partially outside of the inlet pipe Zuteilbüchse.

In order to adjust and influence the fluid flow, the allocation device can be arranged so as to be more displaceable or rotatable about the inlet axis along the inlet tube axis or be designed in any other suitable manner which specifically controls and / or regulates the fluid stream, ie the part to be dehumidified or separated Mixture, the washing liquid, the cleaning liquid or another substance to be processed as desired allowed.

In this case, the mixture feed may be an integral part of the inlet pipe and preferably a first feed opening which is not movable with respect to the inlet axis for feeding the mixture or another fluid to be processed into the first empty space, and a second feed opening for feeding not movable with respect to the inlet axis of the mixture or other fluid to be processed into the second void.

In another specific embodiment, the mixture feed may alternatively or simultaneously be an integral part of the metering device, and preferably a first supply port movable with respect to the intake axis with the metering device for supplying the mixture or other fluid to be processed into the first empty space and one with respect to the inlet axis with the allocating device comprise a movable second supply opening for supplying the mixture or another fluid to be processed into the second empty space.

As already mentioned, a plurality of mixture feeds or a plurality of metering device can also be advantageously provided, wherein the feed device may preferably comprise a plurality of inlet pipes with feed diversion and mixture feed, so that the Mixture or other fluid to be processed can be supplied to the first empty space or the second empty space according to a predeterminable scheme. Wherein, in a specific embodiment at least a portion of the inlet pipes or a group of inlet pipes, the mixture or another fluid to be processed by the feed-in control is fed separately.

As already stated above in more general terms, the feed-in control can be manipulated in particular by means of a mechanical, or an electrical, or a hydraulic, or a pneumatic drive and preferably be controlled or regulated by means of a drive unit according to a predeterminable scheme, in particular by means of a programmable data processing system ,

It is of course possible that in a centrifuge according to the invention also a washing device for washing the solid cake by means of a washing fluid is provided, wherein the washing device may be preferably identical to the feed device or part of the feed device, wherein the controlled supply of the mixture or the washing fluid or another To be processed fluids inside or outside the centrifuge provided feed metering can be used, which is in the simplest case, for example, a shut-off or metering valve, so that a predetermined amount of the mixture or a predetermined amount of the washing fluid or other fluid to be processed fed to the feed device is.

In practice, a per se known inlet disk, preferably provided at the inlet pipe for better channeling of the medium to be introduced into the drum or for controlled feeding of the mixture into a predeterminable region of the drum.

The invention further relates to a Einspeiseumsteuerung or a method for loading a centrifuge, in particular double shear centrifuge, or single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge according to the present description.

Even if it is one of the essential advantages of the present invention that many relatively complex components, as they are necessary in known centrifuges for various reasons, in a novel centrifuge in can be dispensed with most applications, because the feed-in control of the present invention, the problems known from the prior art are shown, it has been shown in special applications that it may still be advantageous, the inventive feed reversal especially in combination with the acceleration surfaces according to EP 1 468 741 A1 to use, whereby an even more optimal, especially gentle treatment of the mixture to be dehumidified is possible.

Analogous to EP 1 468 741 A1 according to Fig. 1 Also, the sliding bottom device of a centrifuge according to the invention may have an acceleration surface inclined towards the radial direction, which, for reasons of clarity in the drawings, according to the examples according to the invention Fig. 2 to Fig. 6c not explicitly shown, but off Fig. 1 for the expert without effort on a centrifuge according to the invention are transferable.

By providing the inclined acceleration surfaces, a mixture introduced by the feeder does not strike the screen drum directly. Rather, the incoming mixture is applied to the acceleration surfaces, which are inclined towards the radial direction. Thereby, a slowed acceleration of the newly introduced mixture is achieved on the peripheral speed of the screen drum, which in particular grain breakage and other harmful effects, such as occur in the abrupt acceleration in other known from the prior art centrifuges, can be prevented. Thus, by the centrifuge according to the invention a bursting of solid grains contained in the mixture can be avoided, because the acceleration process over the predeterminable inclination angle of the acceleration surfaces is controlled, ie that the acceleration itself, for example, by an appropriate choice of the inclination angle of the acceleration surface is adjustable. As a result, the quality of the solid cake produced, in particular in products in which, for example, the particle size or the shape of the grains in the end product play a role, can be significantly increased. In very special cases, it is even possible in one and the same centrifuge, in particular when using a double-slide centrifuge in one operation, ie substantially simultaneously, Produce different quality products by, for example, the angle of inclination of the arranged on both sides of the sliding floor device acceleration surfaces is chosen differently.

In a centrifuge according to the invention, in particular a double-slide centrifuge, the sieve drum can be configured in a manner known per se as a skeletal support drum, which is lined with special filter foils on its circumference to form the corresponding sieve surfaces, i. the skeletal support drum can be configured for example with one or more filter screens with different or equal sized filter openings for the deposition of the liquid phase.

Within the sieve drum, optional mixture distributor can also be arranged, which allows mixture to be distributed over the peripheral surface of the sieve drum, wherein the mixture distributor preferably comprises an inlet device and a push floor device with push bottom plate.

The inlet device is rigidly coupled in a preferred embodiment with the screen drum and therefore rotates synchronously with the screen drum and the mixture distributor. However, only the mixture distributor with its components, i. E. with the pusher bottom plate, the connecting element, the push floor device and the outer ring area. Thus, in the operating state there is an oscillatory relative movement between the oscillating mixture distributor and the immovable inlet device in the axial direction, so that the mixture can alternately be fed to the front or rear half of the sieve drum.

The pusher bottom device, which in a special embodiment variant can be connected to the pusher bottom plate in an effective manner, is preferably designed in the form of a circular disc with an outer annular region, wherein the annular region is formed and arranged on a peripheral region of the pusher bottom device in such a way that the annular region of FIG the screen drum deposited solid cake is alternately displaceable in both directions of the axis of rotation.

The Schubodenplatte can be coupled in the case of a double-slide centrifuge in a conventional manner by means of a thrust axis to a pusher with reversing unit, so that the pusher bottom device in the direction of the axis of rotation in an oscillatory movement can be offset with a predefined stroke. Due to the oscillatory movement of the sliding bottom device, the solid cake deposited on the peripheral surface of the sieve drum is displaceable alternately in both directions of the rotation axis through the outer annular region, so that the solid cake can be transported through the outer annular region in the axial direction to the respective end of the sieve drum and via a discharge opening of the liquid phase separated from the double shear centrifuge can be discharged.

It is essential in the corresponding specific exemplary embodiment of the invention that the pusher bottom device is configured in a predefinable region in the form of acceleration surfaces such that the mixture introduced by the feed device can be accelerated to a predefinable peripheral speed before reaching the screen drum.

For this purpose, in the case of a double-feed centrifuge, the mixture from the feed device is alternately fed to one side of the push-floor device. If the mixture in the feed device is not already vorbeschleunigbar to a predetermined peripheral speed, the mixture passes substantially under the action of gravity on a corresponding surface of the sliding bottom device and finally reaches the relative to the radial direction at a predeterminable inclination angle inclined acceleration surface. The mixture flows over or along the acceleration surface and thus reaches the peripheral surface of the sieve drum. Here, the mixture enters the void space created by the oscillating motion of the pusher bottom device on the peripheral surface of the screen drum, and is accelerated to the rotation speed of the screen drum. Due to the enormously high centrifugal forces acting on the mixture deposited in the empty space, the liquid phase contained in the mixture is discharged through the sieve openings out of the sieve drum.

By virtue of the fact that the acceleration surface is inclined in relation to the radial direction, the flow velocity in the area of the acceleration surface is selectively variable compared to the velocity in the free fall of the mixture in the direction of the peripheral surface, so that the mixture in the region of the acceleration surfaces becomes closer to the outer ring region is gradually accelerated. That is, the mixture is in the acceleration surfaces of the in accordance with the invention, the double-slide centrifuge is gradually accelerated to a predefinable peripheral speed in a particularly gentle manner, in order then finally to reach the full rotational speed of the screening drum when the peripheral surface is reached.

The value of the angle of inclination of the acceleration surface against the radial direction may be, for example, between 0 ° and 90 °, in particular between 10 ° and 30 ° or between 30 ° and 60 °, in particular between 60 ° and 70 °, but preferably between 55 ° and 75 °. Of course, it is also possible in particular that the value of the inclination angle is greater than 70 ° and may even be close to 90 °. In general, it can be said that, generally with respect to the radial direction, a rather not too acute angle is advantageous, with an optimum value of the corresponding inclination angle being determined inter alia by the value of the static friction angle of the product to be dehydrated. In this case, the acceleration surfaces may either extend only over a portion of the sliding floor device or over the entire radial height of the sliding floor device, wherein the sliding floor device may be wholly or partially constructed as a substantially hollow frame or wholly or partly of solid material as required. Of course, it is possible that the two acceleration surfaces may have the same or different angles of inclination.

In an embodiment of a centrifuge which is particularly relevant in practice, the acceleration surface is designed as a filter screen for separating liquid phase from the mixture. Both acceleration surfaces are preferably configured as a filter screen. Of course, only one acceleration surface can be configured as a filter, or the two acceleration surfaces can each have differently configured filter screens. The two different filter screens may be constructed of different materials, for example, or the size of the filter pores may be different. This makes it possible to produce in the same operation from the same mixture two different solid cake of different quality, ie with different properties. In particular, in a particularly important practical embodiment, the acceleration surface can be arranged as a filter screen on a skeletal support body, which can be equipped to form the filter screen with special filter films, ie the skeletal support body, for example, with one or more filter screens, which may be for deposition in Different stages may have different sized filter openings, be equipped.

In this case, filter screens, which may be used in particular, include slot screens or, for example, screen plates. The filter screens can be advantageously provided in different ways with filter openings of different sizes. In particular, the screen plates mentioned above may be punched, drilled, lasered, electron beam perforated or water jet cut, among other things, in principle, other techniques come into question. Depending on the requirements, the screens themselves can be made of various materials, in particular corrosion-resistant materials, such as plastics, composite materials or different steels such as 1.4462, 1.4539 or 2.4602 or other suitable materials. In addition, to protect against wear, the filter screens may be provided with suitable layers, for example hard chromium layers, tungsten carbide (WC), ceramic or otherwise hardened. The thickness of the filter sheets is typically 0.2 mm to 5 mm, although significantly different sheet thicknesses are possible.

In particular, for processing particularly sensitive mixtures, the feed device may comprise an inlet funnel for pre-acceleration of the mixture. As a result, the mixture can be pre-accelerated to a predeterminable rotational speed even before it is introduced into the mixture distributor, and thus can be treated even more gently. In this case, the rotational speed to which the mixture is already vorbeschleunigbar in the inlet hopper, for example by selecting the size and / or the opening angle of the inlet hopper predetermined.

In this case, the inlet funnel can also be arranged so as to be rotatable independently of the mixture distributor about a separate drive axis and configured and arranged rotatable about the drive axis by means of a drive with a predeterminable rotational speed be. As a result, the pre-acceleration is independent of the geometry of the inlet funnel by selecting the speed of the drive freely selectable. In particular, suitable means for controlling and / or regulating can be provided, so that, for example, during operation, the speed of the drive is freely variable. Thus, for example, the quality of the solid cake can be adjusted during operation, or a different product quality can be produced, for example, by suitable control and / or regulation of the rotational speed of the drive and thus of the inlet funnel to the right and left of the pusher bottom device in one and the same double pusher centrifuge.

Advantageously, the inlet funnel can also be designed as a prefilter screen for pre-separation of liquid phase from the mixture, wherein preferably collecting means are provided for collecting and discharging the liquid phase from the prefilter sieve. As a result, even mixtures with a very high liquid content are easily processed. The pre-separation of liquid phase already in the inlet funnel also has the enormous advantage that this part of the liquid phase is no longer accelerated to the very high rotational speed of the drum, which, among other things, has a particularly favorable effect on the energy consumption of the double slide centrifuge.

In this case, both the filter screen of the acceleration surfaces and the prefilter screen can be designed as a two-stage screen with a coarse filter and a fine filter. The mixture can thereby be filtered in two stages in the region of the acceleration surface and / or in the inlet funnel. The first filter stage forms a coarse filter, which contains particles contained in the mixture, which are larger than the filter openings of the coarse filter. The fine filter retains correspondingly finer particles, while at least a portion of the liquid phase, as well as very small particles, which must also be removed, are directly drained. The design as a two-stage sieve has the particular advantage that the fine filter is mechanically not so heavily loaded by large and / or heavy particles that are contained in the incoming mixture, so that the fine filter may have, for example, very small pores for filtering very small particles and In particular, it may be made of less mechanically resistant materials.

In another embodiment variant of the centrifuge according to the invention, the mixture distributor comprises a pre-acceleration funnel which extends substantially widening in the direction of the feed device.

The value of the opening angle of the inlet funnel and / or the value of the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel can be, for example, between 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the axis of rotation, in particular between 0 ° and 10 ° or between 10 ° and 45 °, in particular between 25 ° and 45 °, preferably between 15 ° and 35 °. Of course, it is also possible in particular that the value of the opening angle and / or the pre-acceleration angle is greater than 45 °. In general, it can be stated that an acute angle is generally advantageous with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein an optimum value of the respective opening angle and / or the pre-acceleration angle is determined inter alia by the value of the static friction angle of the product to be dehydrated.

In this case, the pre-acceleration hopper can be configured analogously to the inlet funnel as Vorbeschleunigungssieb, which can be provided on the mixture manifold catcher for discharging liquid phase.

In a particularly important embodiment, the inlet hopper and / or the pre-acceleration hopper may be configured as a skeletal support body, which may be provided with special filter sheets for forming the prefilter screen and / or the pre-acceleration screen, i. For example, the skeletal support body can be equipped with one or more filter screens, which may possibly have filter openings of different sizes for deposition in different stages.

In this case, filter screens, which may be used in particular, include slot screens or, for example, screen plates. The filter screens can be advantageously provided in different ways with filter openings of different sizes. In particular, the aforementioned screen plates may be punched, drilled, lasered, electron beam perforated or cut water jet, inter alia In principle, other techniques come into question. Depending on the requirements, the screens themselves can be made of various materials, in particular corrosion-resistant materials, such as plastics, composite materials or different steels such as 1.4462, 1.4539 or 2.4602 or other suitable materials. In addition, to protect against wear, the filter screens may be provided with suitable layers, for example hard chromium layers, tungsten carbide (WC), ceramic or otherwise hardened. The thickness of the filter sheets is typically 0.2 mm to 5 mm, although significantly different sheet thicknesses are possible.

In particular, the pre-acceleration funnel can also be designed and arranged such that the pre-acceleration funnel can be rotated by means of a rotary drive about a rotation axis with a predeterminable speed.

In this case, both the inlet funnel and the pre-acceleration funnel preferably extend at a substantially constant opening angle in the direction of the push floor device or to the feed device. The value of the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel may be, for example, between 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the axis of rotation, in particular between 0 ° and 10 ° or between 10 ° and 45 °, in particular between 25 ° and 45 °, preferably between 15 ° and 35 °. Of course, it is also possible in particular that the value of the pre-acceleration angle is greater than 45 °. In general, it can be stated that an acute angle is generally advantageous with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein an optimum value of the corresponding pre-acceleration angle is determined inter alia by the value of the static friction angle of the product to be dehydrated.

For special applications, for example depending on the properties of the mixture to be dewatered, however, the inlet funnel and / or the pre-acceleration funnel may also have a curved course in a predefinable area, the opening angle of the inlet funnel and / or the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel increasing or decreasing can.

In particular, but not only when the inlet funnel is designed as a prefilter for the pre-separation of liquid phase, it may be particularly advantageous if the inlet funnel has a curved course and the opening angle of the inlet funnel in the direction of the sliding floor device increases or decreases. Namely, it is known that different products under different operating conditions of the double shear centrifuge, for example, depending on the grain size and / or viscosity and / or other properties or parameters, such as the temperature of the mixture are different degrees of drainage.

For example, if there is a mixture that is relatively easy to dewater at given operating parameters, it may be advantageous that the inlet funnel or the prefilter has a curved course, wherein the opening angle of the prefilter increases towards the sliding floor device. This means that the inlet funnel or the prefilter sieve widens in the direction of the push floor device, much like the horn of a trumpet. Thus, the output force with which the mixture is accelerated from the inlet funnel, disproportionately larger with decreasing distance to the walking floor device, so that the mixture, which is already relatively strongly dehydrated in the prefilter and thus shows poor sliding properties in the prefilter, can leave the prefilter faster as for example in a substantially conical, with a constant opening angle expanding prefilter.

On the other hand, there may also be mixtures which are relatively difficult to dewater given operating parameters. In this case, it is advisable to use an inlet funnel or a prefilter screen with a curved course, whereby the opening angle of the prefilter screen decreases in the direction of the sliding floor device. This has the consequence that the output force with which the mixture is accelerated from the inlet funnel increases more slowly with decreasing distance to the moving floor device than, for example, at a conically widening at a substantially constant opening angle inlet funnel. As a result, a certain accumulation effect occurs in the pre-acceleration screen, so that the mixture remains longer in the prefilter screen and therefore can already be dewatered to a higher degree in the prefilter screen.

Quite analogously to the previously stated, the pre-acceleration funnel can of course also have a curved course, with the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel increasing or decreasing in the direction of the feed device.

The previously explained in connection with the curved inlet funnel advantages and its operation are analogously readily transferable to the expert on a curved Vorbeschleunigungsstrichter, and therefore need not be repeated here.

It goes without saying that the features of the particularly preferred embodiment variants of the centrifuge according to the invention which have been described above by way of example, can also be advantageously combined as desired, depending on the requirements.

Fig. 1

im Schnitt eine aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Doppelschubzentrifuge mit Beschleunigungsflächen;

Fig. 2

ein erstes erfindungsgemässes Ausführungsbeispiel ohne Produktwaschung;

Fig. 3

ein zweites erfindungsgemässes Ausführungsbeispiel mit Produktwaschung;

Fig. 4a - 4b

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Zuteilkolbens;

Fig. 5

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Zuteilkolbens;

Fig. 6a - 6c

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Zuteilkolbens.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

in section a known from the prior art double thrust centrifuge with acceleration surfaces;

Fig. 2

a first embodiment according to the invention without product washing;

Fig. 3

a second embodiment according to the invention with product washing;

Fig. 4a - 4b

a first embodiment of a dispensing piston;

Fig. 5

a second embodiment of a dispensing piston;

Fig. 6a - 6c

a third embodiment of a dispensing piston.

Fig. 1 shows a known from the prior art double shear centrifuge according to EP 1 468 741 A1 , which has already been described in detail at the beginning and therefore need not be discussed further at this point.

Fig. 1 shows in section in a schematic representation of essential components of a centrifuge according to the invention in the specific example of a double-acting centrifuge, which will be referred to in its entirety by the reference numeral 1 below.

The Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an inventive centrifuge in the embodiment of a double-feed centrifuge without product washing. In the Fig. 2 illustrated double feed centrifuge 1, which could in principle also be a single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge or a peeler centrifuge with an inventive feed device 1000, comprises in a conventional manner rotatable about a rotation axis 2 screen drum 3 for separating a mixture 4 in a solid cake 5 and a liquid phase 6, arranged in the screen drum 3 push floor device 8, which is arranged alternately in a first thrust direction S1 and a second thrust direction S2 along the axis of rotation 2 back and forth, so that the solid cake 5 along the axis of rotation 2 is mutually displaceable. In addition, the centrifuge 1 comprises the feed device 1000 with which the mixture 4 can be introduced into a first empty space 1101 or into a second empty space 1102, which first empty space 1101 can be produced when the solid cake 5 is displaced by the push floor device 8 in the first pushing direction S1, and the second void 1102, which is in Fig. 2 or Fi6. Already filled with mixture 4, in displacement of the solid cake 5 by the pusher bottom device 8 in the direction opposite to the first thrust direction S1 thrust direction S2 can be produced. According to the present invention, the feed device 1000 comprises a feed diverter 1020 and a mixture feed 1010, so that the mixture 4 can be supplied to the first empty space 1101 or the second empty space 1102 by means of the feed diverter 1020 via the mixture feed 1010 according to a predeterminable scheme.

The feed device 1000 comprises an inlet pipe 1030 with inlet pipe axis EA, wherein the feed diverter 1020 comprises an inlet device 1021, 10211 provided on the inlet pipe 1030 in the form of a distribution piston 10211, with which the mixture feed 1010 can be predetermined Scheme is manipulated such that a supply of the mixture 4 in the first space 1101 or in the second space 1102 is prevented.

This is the present embodiment of the Fig. 2 accomplished by the metering piston 10211 along the inlet pipe axis EA in the axial direction and the mixture supply 1010 at the same time an integral part of the inlet pipe 1030 in the form of non-movable with respect to the inlet axis EA, eg in the form of bore openings at the inlet pipe 1030 provided first feed openings 1011 for supplying the mixture 4 into the first empty space 1101 and from the second feed openings 1012 not movable with respect to the intake axis EA for feeding the mixture 4 into the second empty space 1102. In the operating state, the dispensing piston 10211 is controlled, for example, via the piston rod KS such that the dispensing piston 10211 releases the first supply openings 1011 when the sliding floor 8 has released the first empty space 1101 by displacement in the direction S1 and at the same time closes the second supply openings 1012. In the subsequent reverse stroke of the sliding floor 8 in the direction S2, the distribution piston 10211 releases the second supply openings 1012 and at the same time closes off the first supply openings 1011, so that the mixture is supplied only to the second empty space 1102. In this case, for the controlled supply of the mixture 4 in a predetermined region of the screen drum 3 in a conventional manner an inlet disc 9, as exemplified here at the inlet pipe 1030 is provided.

It goes without saying that in another embodiment, the piston rod KS may be replaced for example by a chain or a cable, with which the distribution piston 10211 can be moved or that the piston rod KS replaced by a suitable pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical or other effective line may be, if the corresponding drive of the metering piston is provided directly on the piston itself or elsewhere in the reversing device 1020. Of course, the above applies analogously to any embodiment of an allocating device (1021, 10211), ie, for example, to a dispensing bushing mounted externally around the pipe or any other type of movable dispensing device, in the simplest case for example also one with respect to the first feed opening 1011 and / or the second feed opening 1012 movable Flap or a shutter can be. The person skilled in the art understands the equivalent solutions and possibilities for the flexible or controlled release of the feed openings readily.

Based on Fig. 3 FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention with integrated product washing, which is very important in practice. Here, the washing device W for washing the solid cake 5 by means of a washing fluid F comprises a plurality of washing nozzles WD which are arranged on an outer washing tube WR of the feed device 1000 such that the washing fluid F is applied to the solid cake 5 by the washing nozzles WD can. The feed device 1000 is configured as a double-walled pipe with the outer wash pipe WR and the inlet pipe 1030 with feed diverter 1020 arranged therein. The mixture 4 is thereby supplied to the inlet pipe 1030 arranged in the interior in a manner known per se, while the washing fluid F can be supplied via a preferably controllable and / or controllable feed dosing D to a space between the outer washing pipe WR and the inner inlet pipe 1030 and from there to the washing nozzles WD of the washing device W. The feed dosing D is, for example, a controllable or controllable valve, so that the washing fluid F can be supplied according to a predeterminable scheme and in a predeterminable amount to the feed device and thus can be applied to the solids cake 5.

It goes without saying that the washing device W can also be configured in a different manner, also in a manner known per se, or else that the washing device W can also be essentially identical to the feed device 1000 or part of the feed device 1000, so that, for example, the mixture 4 or the washing fluid F or a rinsing fluid for rinsing the interior of the drum, for example can be supplied successively or alternately via the feed device.

The Fig. 4a - 4b show a first embodiment of a dispensing piston 10211 according to Fig. 2 respectively. Fig. 3 a little more detail, where Fig. 4b shows a view of the dispensing piston 10211 from direction R1 or R2. As can clearly be seen, the distribution piston 10211 is essentially a hollow cylinder open on both sides, through which the piston rod KS extends axially in the middle, eg at the front and rear End is attached to the outer peripheral surface UK of the metering piston 10211 with a mounting cross BK. For example, if the outer peripheral surface UK covers the first supply opening 1011, no mixture 4 can enter the sieve drum 3 through it. Conversely, when the metering piston 10211 is displaced along the axial direction S1 until the metering opening 1012 is covered, the mixture 4 can no longer enter the screen drum 3 through the metering opening 1012 but, for example, only through the metering opening 1011 into the first empty space 1101 In this way, through the distribution piston 10211, the allocation of the mixture 4 can be alternately controlled into the first empty space 1101 and the second empty space 1102. Since the dispensing piston 10211 is open at both ends apart from the attachment cross BK, it can be moved back and forth in the axial direction without substantial mechanical resistance by the inlet pipe 1030 filled completely or partially with mixture 4.

Based on Fig. 5 such as Fig. 6a to 6c are further embodiments of a Zuteilkolbens 10211 shown, which is here in each case a rotatable about the piston rod KS piston with Zuteilöffnungen 1011, 1012. Such a rotatable dispensing piston 10211 is rotatable about the piston rod KS such that the dispensing openings 1011 and 1012 provided on the dispensing piston 10211 cooperate with corresponding dispensing openings 1011 and 1012 also provided on the dispensing tube 1030 such that mixture 4 alternately flows through either through the Allocation openings 1011 or through the metering openings 1012 in the screen drum 3 can be introduced. The metering piston 10211 according to Fig. 6a differs from the according to Fig. 5 essentially in that the first metering opening 1011 is offset by a predeterminable angle of rotation α in the circumferential direction against the second metering opening 1012 and the fastening cross BK in FIG Fig. 6 is arranged in the middle of the metering piston 10211, while in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 is provided at the axial ends of the metering piston 10211.

It goes without saying that the embodiments described above and schematically illustrated in the figures can also be combined with one another to form further exemplary embodiments in order to meet specific requirements in practice.

Claims (15)

Centrifuge, in particular double-thrust centrifuge, or single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge comprising a sieve drum (3) rotatable about a rotation axis (2) for separating a mixture (4) into a solids cake (5) and a liquid phase (6), one in the sieve drum (3 ) arranged thrust floor device (8) which is arranged alternately in a first thrust direction (S1) and a second thrust direction (S2) along the rotational axis (2) back and forth, so that the solid cake (5) along the axis of rotation (2) mutually is displaceable, and a feed device (1000), with which the mixture (4) in a first void (1101) or in a second void (1102) can be introduced, which first void (1101) upon displacement of the solid cake (5) through the Moving floor device (8) in the first direction of thrust (S1) can be produced, and the second empty space (1102) upon displacement of the solids cake (5) by the moving floor device (8) in the first Schubr direction (S1) opposite thrust direction (S2) can be produced, characterized in that the feed device (1000) comprises a Einspeiseumsteuerung (1020) and a mixture feed (1010), so that the mixture (4) by means of the feed diverter (1020) via the mixture supply (1010) can be supplied to the first empty space (1101) or the second empty space (1102) according to a predeterminable scheme. Centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein the feed device (1000) comprises an inlet pipe (1030) with inlet pipe axis (EA), and the feed diverter (1020) comprises an inlet device (1021, 10211) provided at the inlet pipe (1030), with which the mixture feed (1010 ) can be manipulated according to a predeterminable scheme such that supply of the mixture (4) into the first empty space (1101) or into the second empty space (1102) is prevented. Centrifuge according to claim 2, wherein the allocation device (1021, 10211) is an at least partially in the inlet pipe (1030) arranged distribution piston (10211). Centrifuge according to one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the allocation device (1021, 10211) is an at least partially outside of the inlet pipe (1030) arranged distribution bushing. Centrifuge according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the allocation device (1021, 10211) along the inlet tube axis (EA) is arranged displaceable or rotatable about the inlet axis (EA). Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mixture supply (1010) is an integral part of the inlet pipe (1030) and preferably a first supply opening (1011) not movable with respect to the inlet axis (EA) for feeding the mixture (4) into the first White space (1101) and a with respect to the inlet axis (EA) not movable second supply port (1012) for supplying the mixture (4) in the second empty space (1102). Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mixture supply (1010) is an integral part of the allocation device (1021, 10211) and preferably a with respect to the inlet axis (EA) with the allocation device (1021, 10211) movable first supply opening (1011) for Feeding the mixture (4) into the first empty space (1101) and a second feed opening (1012) movable with respect to the intake axis (EA) with the allocation device (1021, 10211) for feeding the mixture (4) into the second empty space (1102 ). Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of mixture feeds (1010) or a plurality of metering device (1021, 10211) is provided. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed device (1000) comprises a plurality of inlet pipes (1030) with feed diverter (1020) and mixture feed (1010), so that the mixture (4) the first space (1101) or the second space ( 1102) can be supplied according to a predeterminable scheme. Centrifuge according to claim 9, wherein at least a part of the inlet pipes (1030) or a group of inlet pipes (1030), the mixture (4) through the feed diverter (1020) is fed separately. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Einspeiseumsteuerung (1020) by means of a mechanical, or an electric, or a hydraulic, or a pneumatic drive is manipulated and preferably controllable or controllable by means of a drive unit according to a predetermined scheme. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a washing device (W) for washing the solids cake (5) by means of a washing fluid (F) is provided, wherein the washing device (W) is preferably identical to the feed device (1000) or part of the feed device (1000) , Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, wherein for the controlled supply of the mixture (4) or the washing fluid (F) a feed dosing (D) is provided so that a predetermined amount of the mixture (4) or a predetermined amount of the washing fluid (F) of the Infeed device (1000) can be fed, and / or wherein for the controlled supply of the mixture (4) in a predetermined region of the screen drum (3) an inlet disc (9), preferably at the inlet pipe (1030) is provided. Infeed control for a centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims. Method for loading a double-feed centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims with a mixture (4) or with a washing fluid (F).

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