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EP2953732B1 - Application method and application facility - Google Patents

Application method and application facility Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2953732B1
EP2953732B1 EP14704076.0A EP14704076A EP2953732B1 EP 2953732 B1 EP2953732 B1 EP 2953732B1 EP 14704076 A EP14704076 A EP 14704076A EP 2953732 B1 EP2953732 B1 EP 2953732B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
application
component
coating medium
jet
application device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14704076.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2953732A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Georg Fritz
Benjamin WÖHR
Marcus Kleiner
Timo Beyl
Frank Herre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Duerr Systems AG
Original Assignee
Duerr Systems AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Duerr Systems AG filed Critical Duerr Systems AG
Priority to EP20209960.2A priority Critical patent/EP3804863B1/en
Publication of EP2953732A1 publication Critical patent/EP2953732A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
    • B05B12/124—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to distance between spray apparatus and target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
    • B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
    • B05C11/1018—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target responsive to distance of target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/027—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2252/00—Sheets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an application method and an application system for applying a coating agent (e.g. paint, sealant, release agent, adhesive, functional layer) to a component (e.g. a motor vehicle body component).
  • a coating agent e.g. paint, sealant, release agent, adhesive, functional layer
  • component e.g. a motor vehicle body component
  • a coating process is known in which a jet of droplets of the coating agent is generated which impinges on the component surface to be coated.
  • the droplet disintegration of the initially continuous coating agent jet is specifically forced through the coupling of vibrations so that the disintegration length of the coating agent jet is smaller than the painting distance, ie the distance between the application device and the component surface.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a correspondingly improved application method and a corresponding application system.
  • WO 2010/046064 A1 a print head is known which ejects coating agent droplets, which is also remote.
  • the invention includes the general technical teaching, not the droplet disintegration - as in DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 - to force it specifically by coupling vibrations, but to use the continuous area of the coating agent jet for coating.
  • the application distance ie the distance between the outlet opening of the application device on the one hand and the component surface to be coated on the other hand
  • the disintegration length of the coating agent jet ie the length of the continuous area of the coating agent jet between the outlet opening of the application device on the one hand and the end of the continuous area at the transition to the drop disintegration.
  • a coating agent jet is output from an application device, the coating agent jet initially having a region that is contiguous in the jet direction after exiting the application device until it reaches a disintegration length, whereupon the coating agent jet then after the Disintegration length after exiting the application device according to the laws of nature ("natural disintegration according to Rayleigh") disintegrates into droplets which are separated from one another in the direction of the jet.
  • coating agent jet used in the context of the invention includes both one and several coating agent jets, but for the sake of simplicity only the singular form is used below.
  • the coating agent jet is to be distinguished from a coating agent mist, as it is emitted, for example, by conventional rotary atomizers.
  • the coating agent jet according to the invention is characterized by a coherent cross section, a widening angle that is small compared to an atomization mist, and a very small lateral expansion, which is particularly important when painting details.
  • the application method according to the invention in accordance with the prior art described at the beginning, provides that the application device is positioned relative to the component to be coated (e.g. motor vehicle body component) with a certain application distance between the application device and the component, so that the coating agent jet hits the component and the component is coated.
  • the component to be coated e.g. motor vehicle body component
  • the component it is also possible for the component to be coated flatly with the coating agent, in that the coating agent jet travels over the component surface in several adjacent or overlapping paths.
  • the application method according to the invention differs from the prior art described at the outset in that the application distance is selected to be smaller than the disintegration length of the coating agent jet so that the coating agent jet strikes the component with its coherent area.
  • the application distance is selected to be smaller than the disintegration length of the coating agent jet so that the coating agent jet strikes the component with its coherent area.
  • individual droplets of the coating agent hit the component surface, whereas according to the invention a continuous jet of coating agent hits the component.
  • coating agent used in the context of the invention is to be understood generally and includes, for example, paint (e.g. basecoat, clearcoat), sealant, release agent, functional layer and adhesive. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, a detailed painting is provided, with a paint being applied.
  • the functional layer category includes all layers that result in surface functionalization, such as adhesion promoters, primers, stone chip protection or layers to reduce transmission.
  • the coating agent jet can apply a strip (for example design strips, decorative strips) to the component.
  • a pattern with sharp edges can be achieved, which is important for a high-quality appearance.
  • the term of a sharp-edged pattern used in the context of the invention means that the edge of the pattern has only very slight deviations from a given edge profile, which are preferably smaller than 3 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.2 mm or even 0.1 mm.
  • the term “pattern with sharp edges” used in the context of the invention also means that outside of the coated pattern, no coating agent splashes hit the component surface.
  • the application method according to the invention is also suitable for flat component coating.
  • the coating agent jet can be passed over the component several times, with a coating agent strip being applied in each case. In this way, a meandering guidance of the coating agent jet enables numerous parallel coating agent paths to be applied.
  • the individual coating agent webs run into one another after application and then form a uniform strip or a uniform coating agent layer.
  • the term pattern used in the context of the invention is preferably based on a strip that is applied to the component surface.
  • extremely narrow strips can advantageously be applied which are less than 1 m, 10 cm, 5 cm, 2 cm, 1 cm, 5 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, 400 ⁇ m or even less than 200 ⁇ m wide can have.
  • the individual strip preferably has a width of at least 100 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m, 400 ⁇ m, 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm, 1 cm, 2 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm or even 1 m.
  • the application device emits not just a single jet of coating agent, but rather several jets of coating agent which are aligned essentially parallel to one another.
  • the distance between the directly adjacent coating agent jets is preferably so large that the directly adjacent coating agent jets do not unite between the application device and the component, but instead strike the component surface as separate coating agent jets, but still unite on the component to form a surface.
  • a plurality of application nozzles which have a specific nozzle inside diameter and are arranged at a specific nozzle spacing, are preferably provided for emitting the individual jets of coating agent.
  • the nozzle spacing between the directly adjacent application nozzles is preferably at least three, four or six times the nozzle inside diameter.
  • the individual application nozzles are preferably arranged together in a perforated plate, which enables cost-effective production.
  • the individual application nozzles or areas with several nozzles can be controlled independently of one another, so that the coating agent jets emerging from the individual application nozzles have different operating parameters.
  • the exit speed of the coating agent from the application nozzles, the type of coating agent or the volume flow of the emerging coating agent can be set individually for the individual application nozzles or areas.
  • the application device is moved relative to the component during the application of the coating agent, so that the coating agent jet travels a corresponding path with its point of impact on the component surface.
  • the application device can be arranged in a stationary manner while the component is being moved.
  • the speed of movement is preferably at least 10 cm / s, 50 cm / s, 1 m / s, 1.5 m / s and at most 10 m / s, 5 m / s or at most 1 m / s.
  • the component is arranged in a stationary manner while the application device is moved.
  • the moving speed is preferable at least 10 cm / s, 20 cm / s, 30 cm / s, 50 cm / s, 1 m / s or at least 2 m / s and at most 250 cm / s, 700 mm / s, 500 mm / s or at most 100 mm / s.
  • the relative movement between the application device and the component to be coated can be achieved in that both the application device and the component to be coated are moved.
  • the application device is moved over the component surface relative to the component so that the coating agent jet travels a path with its point of impact on the component surface, which is then coated with the coating agent.
  • the coating agent jet is briefly switched off or interrupted during the movement of the path on the component surface and then switched on again or continued, so that the path that has been moved has a gap on the component surface that is not coated with the coating agent.
  • the coating agent jet can be moved so slowly over the component surface and switched on or off so quickly that a spatial resolution of finer than 5 mm, 2 mm or 1 mm is achieved on the component. This is particularly advantageous when painting a sample in detail.
  • One advantage of the application method according to the invention consists in the avoidance of overspray or in the increase in the application efficiency, ie the proportion of the applied coating agent which is actually deposited on the component surface.
  • the coating agent jet is therefore preferably only switched on when the coating agent jet actually hits the component surface hits.
  • the application device is therefore preferably moved to the edge in a lateral direction with the coating agent jet switched off.
  • the coating agent jet is only switched on when the application device is located over the edge, so that the activated coating agent jet actually hits the component.
  • the application device is then moved over the component to be coated along the component surface to be coated in order to apply a corresponding path of the coating agent.
  • the jet of coating agent is then switched off again when the application device is moved over a lateral edge of the component to be coated, since the jet of coating agent would then no longer impinge on the component surface.
  • the spatial positions of the component to be coated and of the application device are preferably recorded in order to be able to deduce from them whether the coating agent jet would strike the component surface.
  • the jet of coating agent is then preferably switched off when the detected positions of the component and application device indicate that the jet of coating agent would not impinge on the component surface.
  • the coating agent jet can preferably only be switched on if the detected positions of the component and application device suggest that the coating agent jet would actually strike the component surface.
  • the above-mentioned position detection can for example by means of a camera, an ultrasonic sensor, an inductive or capacitive sensor or by means of a laser sensor.
  • a camera an ultrasonic sensor, an inductive or capacitive sensor or by means of a laser sensor.
  • the positions of the component and the application device are read out from a machine or robot controller, provided that the component and the application device are positioned by a machine or a robot.
  • the application method according to the invention enables a high application efficiency, which can for example be greater than 80%, 90%, 95% or even greater than 99%, so that essentially all of the applied coating agent is completely deposited on the component without creating a significant amount of overspray.
  • the application method according to the invention also enables a relatively high surface coating performance of at least 0.5 m 2 / min, 1 m 2 / min or 3 m 2 / min.
  • the surface coating performance can be increased almost at will by increasing the number of application nozzles in the application device accordingly.
  • the coating agent jet should be prevented from bouncing off the component again after hitting the component, since this would lead to disruptive coating agent splashes that prevent a sharp-edged painting.
  • the volume flow of the applied coating agent and thus the exit speed of the coating agent are therefore preferably set in such a way that the coating agent does not bounce off the component after it hits the component.
  • the exit speed of the coating agent is preferably at least 5 m / s, 7 m / s or 10 m / s and at most 30 m / s, 20 m / s or 10 m / s.
  • the application distance between the outlet opening of the application device on the one hand and the component surface on the other hand is preferably at least 4 mm, 10 mm or at least 40 mm and preferably at most 200 mm or 100 mm.
  • the application device is preferably moved by means of a multi-axis robot, which can have serial or parallel kinematics.
  • a multi-axis robot which can have serial or parallel kinematics.
  • Such robots are known per se from the prior art and therefore need not be described in more detail.
  • the coating agent can be a lacquer, which can be, for example, a basecoat, a clear lacquer, an effect lacquer, a micro lacquer or a metallic lacquer. It should also be mentioned here that the coating agent can optionally be a water-based paint or a solvent-based paint.
  • the coating agent jet can preferably be switched on or off with a switching time of less than 50 ms, 20 ms, 10 ms, 5 ms or 1 ms.
  • the switching time is defined as the minimum time required to switch off the coating agent jet and then switch it on again or switch it on and then switch it off again.
  • the invention also includes a corresponding application system, as already emerges from the above description, so that a separate description of the application system can be dispensed with.
  • Figure 1 shows a conventional application system, such as that from DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 is known.
  • An application technology 1 supplies an application device 2 with the necessary media, such as the media to be applied Coating agent, which can be a lacquer, for example.
  • the application device 2 has a perforated plate 3 in which numerous application nozzles 4 are formed.
  • Each of the application nozzles 4 of the perforated plate 3 in each case emits a coating agent jet 5, the coating agent jets 5 immediately after emerging from the application nozzles 4 initially being contiguous over a disintegration length L DECAY in the direction of the jet and then disintegrating into droplets, the droplet disintegration in this conventional application system is specifically forced by coupling vibrations.
  • the application device 2 is positioned relative to a component 6 to be coated at an application distance d, the positioning being carried out in such a way that the application distance d is greater than the disintegration length L DECAY .
  • FIG Figure 2 shows a modification of the conventional application system according to FIG Figure 1 towards the invention.
  • the application system according to the invention according to Figure 2 partially corresponds to the conventional application system described above, so that to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, the same reference symbols being used for corresponding details.
  • a special feature of the application system according to the invention is that the application device 2 is positioned relative to the component 6 in such a way that the application distance d is smaller than the decay length L DECAY . This means that the coating agent jets 5 strike the surface of the component 6 with their area that is contiguous in the jet direction, which leads to a better painting result.
  • the droplet disintegration of the coating agent jets 5 is not specifically forced here by coupling in vibrations, since the droplet disintegration is precisely to be prevented within the scope of the invention.
  • the application system according to the invention enables the application of sharp-edged patterns, as in FIGS Figures 3A-3C and 4A-4C is shown and is explained below.
  • Figure 3A a sharp-edged strip, as shown in accordance with the application system according to the invention Figure 2 can be applied to the component 6.
  • FIGS 3B and 3C show, however, embodiments of conventional strips with more or less frayed edges of the strip.
  • the Figures 4A-4C also do not show any sharp-edged stripes but rather unsuitable stripes with coating agent splashes on the side next to the actual stripe.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a strip 7 to illustrate the sharpness of the edge of the strip 7.
  • the strip 7 has a maximum deviation a from a predetermined edge profile, the deviation a within the scope of the invention preferably being less than 3 mm, 1 mm or 0.5 mm.
  • FIGS. 6A-6D show in schematic form the application of a paint web to a component 9, the component 9 being delimited laterally by two edges 10, 11.
  • the coating agent webs are applied here by means of an application device 12, the application device 12 being able to emit coating agent jets 13, as already described above.
  • the application device 12 is first brought laterally to the component 9, as in FIG Figure 6A is shown, the coating agent jet 13 initially still switched off, since the coating agent jet 13 would not impinge on the component 9 if the application device 12 is still to the side next to the edge 10 of the component 9.
  • the coating agent jet 13 When passing the edge 10 of the component 9, the coating agent jet 13 is then switched on, as in FIG Figure 6B is shown.
  • the coating agent jet 13 When passing the opposite edge 11 of the component 9, the coating agent jet 13 is then switched off again, as in FIG Figure 6D is shown, since the coating agent jet 13 would no longer impinge on the surface of the component 9 if the application device 12 were subsequently moved further over the edge 11 of the component 9.
  • the precise switching on or off of the coating agent jet 13 is made possible in that the positions of the application device 12 and the component 9 are recorded by means of a camera sensor 14.
  • an ultrasonic sensor instead of a camera sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an inductive or capacitive sensor or a laser sensor can be used, which can be fixed in the vicinity of the application device and the component, but can also be moved along with the application device.
  • Figure 7 shows the operating method of the application system according to the invention according to the various stages in FIG Figures 6A-6D in a corresponding flow chart.

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  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Applikationsverfahren und eine Applikationsanlage zur Applikation eines Beschichtungsmittels (z.B. Lack, Dichtstoff, Trennmittel, Klebstoff, Funktionsschicht) auf ein Bauteil (z.B. ein Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteil).The invention relates to an application method and an application system for applying a coating agent (e.g. paint, sealant, release agent, adhesive, functional layer) to a component (e.g. a motor vehicle body component).

Aus DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 ist ein Beschichtungsverfahren bekannt, bei dem ein Tröpfchenstrahl des Beschichtungsmittels erzeugt wird, der auf die zu beschichtende Bauteiloberfläche auftrifft. Der Tröpfchenzerfall des zunächst kontinuierlichen Beschichtungsmittelstrahls wird hierbei gezielt durch Schwingungseinkopplung forciert, damit die Zerfallslänge des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls kleiner ist als der Lackierabstand, d.h. der Abstand zwischen Applikationsgerät und Bauteiloberfläche.Out DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 a coating process is known in which a jet of droplets of the coating agent is generated which impinges on the component surface to be coated. The droplet disintegration of the initially continuous coating agent jet is specifically forced through the coupling of vibrations so that the disintegration length of the coating agent jet is smaller than the painting distance, ie the distance between the application device and the component surface.

Dieses bekannte Applikationsverfahren mittels eines Tröpfchenstrahls ist jedoch noch nicht vollständig befriedigend.However, this known application method by means of a jet of droplets is not yet completely satisfactory.

Ferner ist zum Stand der Technik hinzuweisen auf DE 38 35 078 C2 und DE 10 2009 004 878 A1 .Furthermore, reference should be made to the state of the art DE 38 35 078 C2 and DE 10 2009 004 878 A1 .

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein entsprechend verbessertes Applikationsverfahren und eine entsprechende Applikationsanlage zu schaffen.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a correspondingly improved application method and a corresponding application system.

Aus US 2004/0217202 A1 ist ein Applikationsverfahren bekannt, bei dem kontinuierliche Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen abgegeben werden, die gerade nicht in Tröpfchen zerfallen. Darüber hinaus gibt der Applikator hierbei mehrere Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen ab, die auf der Bauteiloberfläche einen zusammenhängenden Beschichtungsmittelfilm erzeugen. Es ist dagegen aus dieser Druckschrift nicht bekannt, den Applikator mehrfach über die Bauteiloberfläche zu führen, wobei jeweils ein Streifen aufgebracht wird.Out US 2004/0217202 A1 an application process is known in which continuous jets of coating agent are emitted which do not just disintegrate into droplets. In addition, the applicator emits several jets of coating agent which produce a coherent coating agent film on the component surface. On the other hand, it is not known from this publication to guide the applicator over the component surface several times, with a strip being applied in each case.

Aus WO 2010/046064 A1 ist ein Druckkopf bekannt, der Beschichtungsmitteltröpfchen ausstößt, was ebenfalls fernliegend ist.Out WO 2010/046064 A1 a print head is known which ejects coating agent droplets, which is also remote.

Schließlich ist aus US 2004/0261701 A1 eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung zur Beschichtung von Halbleiterwafern bekannt. Diese Druckschrift ist also gattungsfremd.Finally it's over US 2004/0261701 A1 a coating device for coating semiconductor wafers is known. This publication is therefore alien to the genre.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Applikationsverfahren und eine entsprechende Applikationsanlage gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen gelöst.This object is achieved by an application method according to the invention and a corresponding application system according to the independent claims.

Die Erfindung umfasst die allgemeine technische Lehre, den Tröpfchenzerfall nicht - wie bei DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 - gezielt durch eine Schwingungseinkopplung zu forcieren, sondern den kontinuierlichen Bereich des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls zur Beschichtung zu nutzen. Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird der Applikationsabstand (d.h. der Abstand zwischen Austrittsöffnung des Applikationsgeräts einerseits und der zu beschichtenden Bauteiloberfläche andererseits) deshalb kleiner gewählt als die Zerfallslänge des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls, d.h. die Länge des kontinuierlichen Bereichs des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls zwischen der Austrittsöffnung des Applikationsgeräts einerseits und dem Ende des kontinuierlichen Bereichs am Übergang zum Tropfenzerfall. Dies hat zur Folge, dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl mit seinem zusammenhängenden Bereich auf das Bauteil auftrifft, was zu einem besseren Beschichtungsergebnis führt.The invention includes the general technical teaching, not the droplet disintegration - as in DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 - to force it specifically by coupling vibrations, but to use the continuous area of the coating agent jet for coating. In the context of the invention, the application distance (ie the distance between the outlet opening of the application device on the one hand and the component surface to be coated on the other hand) is therefore selected to be smaller than the disintegration length of the coating agent jet, ie the length of the continuous area of the coating agent jet between the outlet opening of the application device on the one hand and the end of the continuous area at the transition to the drop disintegration. This has the consequence that the coating agent jet strikes the component with its coherent area, which leads to a better coating result.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Applikationsverfahren wird also in Übereinstimmung mit dem eingangs beschriebenen Stand der Technik ein Beschichtungsmittelstrahl aus einem Applikationsgerät ausgegeben, wobei der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl nach dem Austreten aus dem Applikationsgerät bis zum Erreichen einer Zerfallslänge zunächst einen in Strahlrichtung zusammenhängenden Bereich aufweist, woraufhin der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl dann nach der Zerfallslänge nach dem Austreten aus dem Applikationsgerät gemäß den Naturgesetzen ("natürlicher Zerfall nach Rayleigh") in Tröpfchen zerfällt, die in der Strahlrichtung voneinander getrennt sind.In the application method according to the invention, in accordance with the prior art described at the outset, a coating agent jet is output from an application device, the coating agent jet initially having a region that is contiguous in the jet direction after exiting the application device until it reaches a disintegration length, whereupon the coating agent jet then after the Disintegration length after exiting the application device according to the laws of nature ("natural disintegration according to Rayleigh") disintegrates into droplets which are separated from one another in the direction of the jet.

Der im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Begriff eines Beschichtungsmittelstrahls beinhaltet sowohl einen als auch mehrere Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen, im Folgenden wird jedoch der Einfachheit halber ausschließlich die singuläre Form verwendet. Der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl ist zu unterscheiden von einem Beschichtungsmittelnebel, wie er beispielsweise von herkömmlichen Rotationszerstäubern abgegeben wird. So zeichnet sich der erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungsmittelstrahl durch einen zusammenhängenden Querschnitt, einen im Vergleich zu einem Zerstäubungsnebel geringen Aufweitungswinkel und eine sehr geringe seitliche Ausdehnung auf, was insbesondere bei einer Detaillackierung wichtig ist.The term coating agent jet used in the context of the invention includes both one and several coating agent jets, but for the sake of simplicity only the singular form is used below. The coating agent jet is to be distinguished from a coating agent mist, as it is emitted, for example, by conventional rotary atomizers. Thus, the coating agent jet according to the invention is characterized by a coherent cross section, a widening angle that is small compared to an atomization mist, and a very small lateral expansion, which is particularly important when painting details.

Darüber hinaus sieht das erfindungsgemäße Applikationsverfahren in Übereinstimmung mit dem eingangs beschriebenen Stand der Technik vor, dass das Applikationsgerät relativ zu dem zu beschichtenden Bauteil (z.B. Kraftfahrzeugkarosseriebauteil) mit einem bestimmten Applikationsabstand zwischen dem Applikationsgerät und dem Bauteil positioniert wird, so dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl auf das Bauteil auftrifft und das Bauteil beschichtet.In addition, the application method according to the invention, in accordance with the prior art described at the beginning, provides that the application device is positioned relative to the component to be coated (e.g. motor vehicle body component) with a certain application distance between the application device and the component, so that the coating agent jet hits the component and the component is coated.

Durch eine geeignete Positionierung des Applikationsgeräts relativ zu dem Bauteil ist auf diese Weise auch eine Detaillackierung möglich, da der Querschnitt des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls relativ klein und definiert ist. Deshalb ist es auch möglich, nur einen entsprechend kleinen Bereich der Bauteiloberfläche selektiv zu beschichten.By suitably positioning the application device relative to the component, detailed painting is also possible in this way, since the cross section of the coating agent jet is relatively small and defined. It is therefore also possible to selectively coat only a correspondingly small area of the component surface.

Es ist jedoch alternativ auch möglich, dass das Bauteil flächig mit dem Beschichtungsmittel beschichtet wird, indem der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl die Bauteiloberfläche in mehreren nebeneinander liegenden oder sich überlappenden Bahnen abfährt.Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the component to be coated flatly with the coating agent, in that the coating agent jet travels over the component surface in several adjacent or overlapping paths.

Das erfindungsgemäße Applikationsverfahren unterscheidet sich von dem eingangs beschriebenen Stand der Technik dadurch, dass der Applikationsabstand kleiner gewählt wird als die Zerfallslänge des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls, so dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl mit seinem zusammenhängenden Bereich auf das Bauteil auftrifft. Bei dem eingangs beschriebenen bekannten Stand der Technik treffen also einzelne Tröpfchen des Beschichtungsmittels auf die Bauteiloberfläche auf, wohingegen gemäß der Erfindung ein kontinuierlicher Beschichtungsmittelstrahl auf das Bauteil auftrifft.The application method according to the invention differs from the prior art described at the outset in that the application distance is selected to be smaller than the disintegration length of the coating agent jet so that the coating agent jet strikes the component with its coherent area. In the known prior art described at the outset, individual droplets of the coating agent hit the component surface, whereas according to the invention a continuous jet of coating agent hits the component.

Der im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Begriff eines Beschichtungsmittels ist allgemein zu verstehen und umfasst beispielsweise Lack (z.B. Basislack, Klarlack), Dichtstoff, Trennmittel, Funktionsschicht und Klebstoff. In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist jedoch eine Detaillackierung vorgesehen, wobei ein Lack appliziert wird. Unter die Kategorie Funktionsschicht fallen alle Schichten, die eine Oberflächenfunktionalisierung zur Folge haben, wie zum Beispiel Haftvermittler, Primer, Steinschlagschutz oder auch Schichten zur Verringerung der Transmission.The term coating agent used in the context of the invention is to be understood generally and includes, for example, paint (e.g. basecoat, clearcoat), sealant, release agent, functional layer and adhesive. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, a detailed painting is provided, with a paint being applied. The functional layer category includes all layers that result in surface functionalization, such as adhesion promoters, primers, stone chip protection or layers to reduce transmission.

Erfindungsgemäß kann der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl auf dem Bauteil einen Streifen applizieren (z.B. Designstreifen, Dekorstreifen).According to the invention, the coating agent jet can apply a strip (for example design strips, decorative strips) to the component.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Applikationsverfahren lässt sich im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Zerstäubungsverfahren mittels Rotationszerstäubern ein randscharfes Muster erreichen, was für eine qualitativ hochwertige Anmutung wichtig ist. Zum einen bedeutet der im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Begriff eines randscharfen Musters, dass der Rand des Musters gegenüber einem vorgegebenen Randverlauf nur sehr geringe Abweichungen aufweist, die vorzugsweise kleiner sind als 3 mm, 1 mm, 0,5 mm, 0,2 mm oder sogar 0,1 mm. Zum anderen bedeutet der im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Begriff eines randscharfen Musters aber auch, dass außerhalb des beschichteten Musters keine Beschichtungsmittelspritzer auf die Bauteiloberfläche auftreffen.With the application method according to the invention, in contrast to conventional atomization methods by means of rotary atomizers, a pattern with sharp edges can be achieved, which is important for a high-quality appearance. On the one hand, the term of a sharp-edged pattern used in the context of the invention means that the edge of the pattern has only very slight deviations from a given edge profile, which are preferably smaller than 3 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.2 mm or even 0.1 mm. On the other hand, the term “pattern with sharp edges” used in the context of the invention also means that outside of the coated pattern, no coating agent splashes hit the component surface.

Es wurde bereits vorstehend kurz erwähnt, dass sich das erfindungsgemäße Applikationsverfahren auch zur flächigen Bauteilbeschichtung eignet. Hierbei kann der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl mehrfach über das Bauteil gefahren werden, wobei jeweils eine Beschichtungsmittelbahn appliziert wird. Auf diese Weise können durch eine mäanderförmige Führung des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls zahlreiche parallele Beschichtungsmittelbahnen appliziert werden.It has already been mentioned briefly above that the application method according to the invention is also suitable for flat component coating. In this case, the coating agent jet can be passed over the component several times, with a coating agent strip being applied in each case. In this way, a meandering guidance of the coating agent jet enables numerous parallel coating agent paths to be applied.

Gemäß der Erfindung verlaufen die einzelnen Beschichtungsmittelbahnen nach dem Auftragen ineinander und bilden dann einen einheitlichen Streifen bzw. eine einheitliche Beschichtungsmittelschicht.According to the invention, the individual coating agent webs run into one another after application and then form a uniform strip or a uniform coating agent layer.

Es wurde bereits vorstehend kurz erwähnt, dass der im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Begriff eines Musters vorzugsweise auf einen Streifen abstellt, der auf die Bauteiloberfläche appliziert wird. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Applikationsverfahren lassen sich vorteilhaft äußerst schmale Streifen applizieren, die eine Breite von weniger als 1 m, 10 cm, 5 cm, 2 cm, 1 cm, 5 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, 400 µm oder sogar weniger als 200 µm aufweisen können. Allerdings weist der einzelne Streifen vorzugsweise eine Breite von mindestens 100 µm, 200 µm, 400 µm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm, 1 cm, 2 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm oder sogar 1 m auf.It has already been mentioned briefly above that the term pattern used in the context of the invention is preferably based on a strip that is applied to the component surface. With the application method according to the invention, extremely narrow strips can advantageously be applied which are less than 1 m, 10 cm, 5 cm, 2 cm, 1 cm, 5 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, 400 μm or even less than 200 μm wide can have. However, the individual strip preferably has a width of at least 100 μm, 200 μm, 400 μm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm, 1 cm, 2 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm or even 1 m.

In dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gibt das Applikationsgerät nicht nur einen einzigen Beschichtungsmittelstrahl ab, sondern mehrere Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen, die im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind. Der Abstand zwischen den unmittelbar benachbarten Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen ist hierbei vorzugsweise so groß, dass sich die unmittelbar benachbarten Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen zwischen dem Applikationsgerät und dem Bauteil nicht vereinen, sondern als getrennte Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen auf die Bauteiloberfläche auftreffen, sich aber noch auf dem Bauteil zu einer Fläche vereinen.In the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, the application device emits not just a single jet of coating agent, but rather several jets of coating agent which are aligned essentially parallel to one another. The distance between the directly adjacent coating agent jets is preferably so large that the directly adjacent coating agent jets do not unite between the application device and the component, but instead strike the component surface as separate coating agent jets, but still unite on the component to form a surface.

Zur Abgabe der einzelnen Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen sind vorzugsweise mehrere Applikationsdüsen vorgesehen, die einen bestimmten Düseninnendurchmesser aufweisen und in einem bestimmten Düsenabstand angeordnet sind. Zur Vermeidung einer Vereinigung benachbarter Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen zwischen den Applikationsdüsen und der Bauteiloberfläche ist der Düsenabstand zwischen den unmittelbar benachbarten Applikationsdüsen vorzugsweise mindestens gleich dem Dreifachen, Vierfachen oder Sechsfachen des Düseninnendurchmessers.A plurality of application nozzles, which have a specific nozzle inside diameter and are arranged at a specific nozzle spacing, are preferably provided for emitting the individual jets of coating agent. To avoid a union of adjacent jets of coating agent between the application nozzles and the component surface, the nozzle spacing between the directly adjacent application nozzles is preferably at least three, four or six times the nozzle inside diameter.

Die einzelnen Applikationsdüsen sind hierbei vorzugsweise gemeinsam in einer Lochplatte angeordnet, was eine kostengünstige Herstellung ermöglicht.The individual application nozzles are preferably arranged together in a perforated plate, which enables cost-effective production.

Darüber hinaus besteht im Rahmen der Erfindung die Möglichkeit, dass die einzelnen Applikationsdüsen oder Bereiche mit mehreren Düsen unabhängig voneinander gesteuert werden können, so dass die aus den einzelnen Applikationsdüsen austretenden Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen unterschiedliche Betriebsgrößen aufweisen. Beispielsweise kann die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Beschichtungsmittels aus den Applikationsdüsen, die Art des Beschichtungsmittels oder der Volumenstrom des austretenden Beschichtungsmittels für die einzelnen Applikationsdüsen bzw. Bereiche individuell eingestellt werden.In addition, within the scope of the invention there is the possibility that the individual application nozzles or areas with several nozzles can be controlled independently of one another, so that the coating agent jets emerging from the individual application nozzles have different operating parameters. For example, the exit speed of the coating agent from the application nozzles, the type of coating agent or the volume flow of the emerging coating agent can be set individually for the individual application nozzles or areas.

Es wurde bereits vorstehend erwähnt, dass das Applikationsgerät während der Applikation des Beschichtungsmittels relativ zu dem Bauteil bewegt wird, so dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl mit seinem Auftreffpunkt auf der Bauteiloberfläche eine entsprechende Bahn abfährt.It has already been mentioned above that the application device is moved relative to the component during the application of the coating agent, so that the coating agent jet travels a corresponding path with its point of impact on the component surface.

In einer Variante der Erfindung kann das Applikationsgerät ortsfest angeordnet sein, während das Bauteil bewegt wird. Die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit beträgt hierbei vorzugsweise mindestens 10 cm/s, 50 cm/s, 1 m/s, 1,5 m/s und höchstens 10 m/s, 5 m/s oder höchstens 1 m/s. Diese Variante ist an sich bereits aus EP 1 745 858 A2 bekannt, so dass der Inhalt dieser Patentanmeldung der vorliegenden Beschreibung hinsichtlich der Relativbewegung von Applikationsgerät und Bauteil in vollem Umfang zuzurechnen ist.In a variant of the invention, the application device can be arranged in a stationary manner while the component is being moved. The speed of movement is preferably at least 10 cm / s, 50 cm / s, 1 m / s, 1.5 m / s and at most 10 m / s, 5 m / s or at most 1 m / s. This variant is already off in itself EP 1 745 858 A2 known, so that the content of this patent application is to be fully attributed to the present description with regard to the relative movement of the application device and the component.

In einer anderen Variante der Erfindung wird dagegen das Bauteil ortsfest angeordnet, während das Applikationsgerät bewegt wird. Hierbei ist die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit vorzugsweise mindestens 10 cm/s, 20 cm/s, 30 cm/s, 50 cm/s, 1 m/s oder mindestens 2 m/s und höchstens 250 cm/s, 700 mm/s, 500 mm/s oder höchstens 100 mm/s.In another variant of the invention, however, the component is arranged in a stationary manner while the application device is moved. Here, the moving speed is preferable at least 10 cm / s, 20 cm / s, 30 cm / s, 50 cm / s, 1 m / s or at least 2 m / s and at most 250 cm / s, 700 mm / s, 500 mm / s or at most 100 mm / s.

Ferner kann die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Applikationsgerät und dem zu beschichtenden Bauteil erreicht werden, indem sowohl das Applikationsgerät als auch das zu beschichtende Bauteil bewegt werden.Furthermore, the relative movement between the application device and the component to be coated can be achieved in that both the application device and the component to be coated are moved.

Es wurde bereits vorstehend kurz erwähnt, dass das Applikationsgerät relativ zu dem Bauteil über die Bauteiloberfläche bewegt wird, so dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl mit seinem Auftreffpunkt auf der Bauteiloberfläche eine Bahn abfährt, die dann mit dem Beschichtungsmittel beschichtet wird. Hierbei besteht die Möglichkeit, dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl während des Abfahrens der Bahn auf der Bauteiloberfläche kurz ausgeschaltet bzw. unterbrochen und anschließend wieder eingeschaltet bzw. fortgesetzt wird, so dass die abgefahrene Bahn auf der Bauteiloberfläche eine Lücke aufweist, die nicht mit dem Beschichtungsmittel beschichtet ist. Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl so langsam über die Bauteiloberfläche bewegt und so schnell eingeschaltet bzw. abgeschaltet werden, dass auf dem Bauteil eine Ortsauflösung von feiner als 5 mm, 2 mm oder 1 mm erreicht wird. Dies ist insbesondere bei einer Detaillackierung eines Musters vorteilhaft.It has already been mentioned briefly above that the application device is moved over the component surface relative to the component so that the coating agent jet travels a path with its point of impact on the component surface, which is then coated with the coating agent. There is the possibility here that the coating agent jet is briefly switched off or interrupted during the movement of the path on the component surface and then switched on again or continued, so that the path that has been moved has a gap on the component surface that is not coated with the coating agent. In the context of the invention, the coating agent jet can be moved so slowly over the component surface and switched on or off so quickly that a spatial resolution of finer than 5 mm, 2 mm or 1 mm is achieved on the component. This is particularly advantageous when painting a sample in detail.

Ein Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Applikationsverfahrens besteht in der Vermeidung von Overspray bzw. in der Erhöhung des Auftragswirkungsgrads, d.h. des Anteils des applizierten Beschichtungsmittels, der sich auch tatsächlich auf der Bauteiloberfläche ablagert. Der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl wird deshalb vorzugsweise nur dann angeschaltet, wenn der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl auch tatsächlich auf die Bauteiloberfläche auftrifft. Bei der Beschichtung eines Bauteils mit einer seitlichen Kante wird das Applikationsgerät deshalb vorzugsweise bei abgeschaltetem Beschichtungsmittelstrahl in seitlicher Richtung an die Kante herangefahren. Der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl wird dann erst eingeschaltet, wenn sich das Applikationsgerät über der Kante befindet, so dass der eingeschaltete Beschichtungsmittelstrahl dann tatsächlich auf das Bauteil auftrifft. Anschließend wird das Applikationsgerät dann über das zu beschichtende Bauteil entlang der zu beschichtenden Bauteiloberfläche bewegt, um eine entsprechende Bahn des Beschichtungsmittels aufzutragen. Der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl wird dann wieder abgeschaltet, wenn das Applikationsgerät über eine seitliche Kante des zu beschichtenden Bauteils hinweg bewegt wird, da der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl dann anschließend nicht mehr auf die Bauteiloberfläche auftreffen würde.One advantage of the application method according to the invention consists in the avoidance of overspray or in the increase in the application efficiency, ie the proportion of the applied coating agent which is actually deposited on the component surface. The coating agent jet is therefore preferably only switched on when the coating agent jet actually hits the component surface hits. When coating a component with a lateral edge, the application device is therefore preferably moved to the edge in a lateral direction with the coating agent jet switched off. The coating agent jet is only switched on when the application device is located over the edge, so that the activated coating agent jet actually hits the component. The application device is then moved over the component to be coated along the component surface to be coated in order to apply a corresponding path of the coating agent. The jet of coating agent is then switched off again when the application device is moved over a lateral edge of the component to be coated, since the jet of coating agent would then no longer impinge on the component surface.

Zur Ermöglichung des geeigneten Ein- bzw. Ausschaltens des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls werden vorzugsweise die räumlichen Positionen des zu beschichtenden Bauteils und des Applikationsgerätes erfasst, um daraus ableiten zu können, ob der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl auf die Bauteiloberfläche auftreffen würde. Der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl wird dann vorzugsweise abgeschaltet, wenn die erfassten Positionen von Bauteil und Applikationsgerät darauf schließen lassen, dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl nicht auf die Bauteiloberfläche auftreffen würde. Der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl kann dagegen vorzugsweise nur dann angeschaltet werden, wenn die erfassten Positionen von Bauteil und Applikationsgerät darauf schließen lassen, dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl auch tatsächlich auf die Bauteiloberfläche auftreffen würde.To enable the coating agent jet to be switched on and off appropriately, the spatial positions of the component to be coated and of the application device are preferably recorded in order to be able to deduce from them whether the coating agent jet would strike the component surface. The jet of coating agent is then preferably switched off when the detected positions of the component and application device indicate that the jet of coating agent would not impinge on the component surface. The coating agent jet, on the other hand, can preferably only be switched on if the detected positions of the component and application device suggest that the coating agent jet would actually strike the component surface.

Die vorstehend erwähnte Positionserfassung kann beispielsweise mittels einer Kamera, eines Ultraschallsensors, eines induktiven oder kapazitiven Sensors oder mittels eines Lasersensors erfolgen. Es besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, dass die Positionen von Bauteil und Applikationsgerät aus einer Maschinen- bzw. Robotersteuerung ausgelesen werden, sofern das Bauteil und das Applikationsgerät von einer Maschine bzw. einem Roboter positioniert werden.The above-mentioned position detection can for example by means of a camera, an ultrasonic sensor, an inductive or capacitive sensor or by means of a laser sensor. However, there is also the possibility that the positions of the component and the application device are read out from a machine or robot controller, provided that the component and the application device are positioned by a machine or a robot.

Es wurde bereits vorstehend erwähnt, dass das erfindungsgemäße Applikationsverfahren einen hohen Auftragswirkungsgrad ermöglicht, der beispielsweise größer sein kann als 80%, 90%, 95% oder sogar größer als 99%, so dass im Wesentlichen das gesamte applizierte Beschichtungsmittel vollständig auf dem Bauteil abgelagert wird, ohne dass in nennenswertem Umfang Overspray entsteht.It has already been mentioned above that the application method according to the invention enables a high application efficiency, which can for example be greater than 80%, 90%, 95% or even greater than 99%, so that essentially all of the applied coating agent is completely deposited on the component without creating a significant amount of overspray.

Darüber hinaus ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße Applikationsverfahren auch eine relativ hohe Flächenbeschichtungsleistung von mindestens 0,5 m2/min, 1 m2/min oder 3 m2/min. Die Flächenbeschichtungsleistung lässt sich hierbei nahezu beliebig vergrößern, indem die Anzahl der Applikationsdüsen in dem Applikationsgerät entsprechend erhöht wird.In addition, the application method according to the invention also enables a relatively high surface coating performance of at least 0.5 m 2 / min, 1 m 2 / min or 3 m 2 / min. The surface coating performance can be increased almost at will by increasing the number of application nozzles in the application device accordingly.

Darüber hinaus ist zu erwähnen, dass verhindert werden sollte, dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl nach dem Auftreffen auf das Bauteil wieder von dem Bauteil abprallt, da dies zu störenden Beschichtungsmittelspritzern führen würde, die eine randscharfe Lackierung verhindern. Der Volumenstrom des applizierten Beschichtungsmittels und damit die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Beschichtungsmittels werden deshalb vorzugsweise so eingestellt, dass das Beschichtungsmittel nach dem Auftreffen auf das Bauteil nicht von dem Bauteil abprallt.In addition, it should be mentioned that the coating agent jet should be prevented from bouncing off the component again after hitting the component, since this would lead to disruptive coating agent splashes that prevent a sharp-edged painting. The volume flow of the applied coating agent and thus the exit speed of the coating agent are therefore preferably set in such a way that the coating agent does not bounce off the component after it hits the component.

Die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Beschichtungsmittels beträgt hierbei vorzugsweise mindestens 5 m/s, 7 m/s oder 10 m/s und höchstens 30 m/s, 20 m/s oder 10 m/s.The exit speed of the coating agent is preferably at least 5 m / s, 7 m / s or 10 m / s and at most 30 m / s, 20 m / s or 10 m / s.

Der Applikationsabstand zwischen der Austrittsöffnung des Applikationsgeräts einerseits und der Bauteiloberfläche andererseits beträgt dagegen vorzugsweise mindestens 4 mm, 10 mm oder mindestens 40 mm und vorzugsweise höchstens 200 mm oder 100 mm.The application distance between the outlet opening of the application device on the one hand and the component surface on the other hand is preferably at least 4 mm, 10 mm or at least 40 mm and preferably at most 200 mm or 100 mm.

Ferner ist zu erwähnen, dass das Applikationsgerät vorzugsweise mittels eines mehrachsigen Roboters bewegt wird, der eine serielle oder parallele Kinematik aufweisen kann. Derartige Roboter sind an sich aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und müssen deshalb nicht näher beschrieben werden.It should also be mentioned that the application device is preferably moved by means of a multi-axis robot, which can have serial or parallel kinematics. Such robots are known per se from the prior art and therefore need not be described in more detail.

Weiterhin wurde bereits vorstehend kurz erwähnt, dass das Beschichtungsmittel ein Lack sein kann, wobei es sich beispielsweise um einen Basislack, einen Klarlack, einen Effektlack, einen Micalack oder einen Metallic-Lack handeln kann. Hierbei ist auch zu erwähnen, dass es sich bei dem Beschichtungsmittel wahlweise um einen Wasserlack oder um einen Lösemittellack handeln kann.Furthermore, it has already been mentioned briefly above that the coating agent can be a lacquer, which can be, for example, a basecoat, a clear lacquer, an effect lacquer, a micro lacquer or a metallic lacquer. It should also be mentioned here that the coating agent can optionally be a water-based paint or a solvent-based paint.

Ferner ist noch zu erwähnen, dass der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl im Rahmen der Erfindung vorzugsweise mit einer Umschaltdauer von weniger als 50 ms, 20 ms, 10 ms, 5 ms oder 1 ms eingeschaltet oder ausgeschaltet werden kann. Die Umschaltdauer ist hierbei definiert als die minimale Zeitdauer, die erforderlich ist, um den Beschichtungsmittelstrahl auszuschalten und anschließend wieder einzuschalten bzw. einzuschalten und anschließend wieder auszuschalten.It should also be mentioned that, within the scope of the invention, the coating agent jet can preferably be switched on or off with a switching time of less than 50 ms, 20 ms, 10 ms, 5 ms or 1 ms. The switching time is defined as the minimum time required to switch off the coating agent jet and then switch it on again or switch it on and then switch it off again.

Neben dem vorstehend beschriebenen Applikationsverfahren umfasst die Erfindung auch eine entsprechende Applikationsanlage, wie sich bereits aus der vorstehenden Beschreibung ergibt, so dass auf eine separate Beschreiung der Applikationsanlage verzichtet werden kann.In addition to the application method described above, the invention also includes a corresponding application system, as already emerges from the above description, so that a separate description of the application system can be dispensed with.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet oder werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer herkömmlichen Applikationsanlage,
  • Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Applikationsanlage,
  • Figuren 3A-3C und 4A-4C verschiedene Darstellungen von randscharfen bzw. nicht randscharfen Streifen eines Beschichtungsmittels,
  • Figur 5 eine Darstellung eines Beschichtungsmittelstreifens zur Verdeutlichung der Randschärfe,
  • Figuren 6A-6D schematische Darstellungen zum Einschalten bzw. Ausschalten des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls bei einer Bauteillackierung, sowie
  • Figur 7 ein Flussdiagramm entsprechend den Figuren 6A-6D.
Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are explained in more detail below together with the description of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:
  • Figure 1 a schematic representation of a conventional application system,
  • Figure 2 a schematic representation of an embodiment of an application system according to the invention,
  • Figures 3A-3C and 4A-4C various representations of sharp-edged or non-sharp-edged strips of a coating agent,
  • Figure 5 a representation of a coating agent strip to illustrate the edge sharpness,
  • Figures 6A-6D schematic representations for switching on and switching off the coating agent jet when painting components, as well as
  • Figure 7 a flow chart according to the Figures 6A-6D .

Figur 1 zeigt eine herkömmliche Applikationsanlage, wie sie beispielsweise aus DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 bekannt ist. Dabei versorgt eine Applikationstechnik 1 ein Applikationsgerät 2 mit den erforderlichen Medien, wie beispielsweise dem zu applizierenden Beschichtungsmittel, wobei es sich beispielsweise um einen Lack handeln kann. Figure 1 shows a conventional application system, such as that from DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 is known. An application technology 1 supplies an application device 2 with the necessary media, such as the media to be applied Coating agent, which can be a lacquer, for example.

Das Applikationsgerät 2 weist eine Lochplatte 3 auf, in der zahlreiche Applikationsdüsen 4 ausgebildet sind. Jede der Applikationsdüsen 4 der Lochplatte 3 gibt jeweils einen Beschichtungsmittelstrahl 5 ab, wobei die Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen 5 unmittelbar nach dem Austreten aus den Applikationsdüsen 4 zunächst über eine Zerfallslänge LZERFALL in Strahlrichtung zusammenhängend sind und dann anschließend in Tröpfchen zerfallen, wobei der Tröpfchenzerfall bei dieser herkömmlichen Applikationsanlage gezielt forciert wird, indem Schwingungen eingekoppelt werden.The application device 2 has a perforated plate 3 in which numerous application nozzles 4 are formed. Each of the application nozzles 4 of the perforated plate 3 in each case emits a coating agent jet 5, the coating agent jets 5 immediately after emerging from the application nozzles 4 initially being contiguous over a disintegration length L DECAY in the direction of the jet and then disintegrating into droplets, the droplet disintegration in this conventional application system is specifically forced by coupling vibrations.

Das Applikationsgerät 2 wird hierbei relativ zu einem zu beschichtenden Bauteil 6 in einem Applikationsabstand d positioniert, wobei die Positionierung so erfolgt, dass der Applikationsabstand d größer ist als die Zerfallslänge LZERFALL. Dies bedeutet, dass die Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen 5 nicht mit ihrem kontinuierlichen Bereich auf das Bauteil 6 auftreffen, sondern als Tröpfchenfolge.The application device 2 is positioned relative to a component 6 to be coated at an application distance d, the positioning being carried out in such a way that the application distance d is greater than the disintegration length L DECAY . This means that the coating agent jets 5 do not impinge on the component 6 with their continuous area, but rather as a series of droplets.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Abwandlung der herkömmlichen Applikationsanlage gemäß Figur 1 in Richtung der Erfindung. Die erfindungsgemäße Applikationsanlage gemäß Figur 2 stimmt teilweise mit der vorstehend beschriebenen herkömmlichen Applikationsanlage überein, so dass zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die vorstehende Beschreibung verwiesen wird, wobei für entsprechende Einzelheiten die selben Bezugszeichen verwendet werden. Figure 2 shows a modification of the conventional application system according to FIG Figure 1 towards the invention. The application system according to the invention according to Figure 2 partially corresponds to the conventional application system described above, so that to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, the same reference symbols being used for corresponding details.

Eine Besonderheit der erfindungsgemäßen Applikationsanlage besteht darin, dass das Applikationsgerät 2 relativ zu dem Bauteil 6 so positioniert wird, dass der Applikationsabstand d kleiner ist als die Zerfallslänge LZERFALL. Dies bedeutet, dass die Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen 5 mit ihrem in Strahlrichtung zusammenhängenden Bereich auf die Oberfläche des Bauteils 6 auftreffen, was zu einem besseren Lackierergebnis führt.A special feature of the application system according to the invention is that the application device 2 is positioned relative to the component 6 in such a way that the application distance d is smaller than the decay length L DECAY . This means that the coating agent jets 5 strike the surface of the component 6 with their area that is contiguous in the jet direction, which leads to a better painting result.

Darüber hinaus wird der Tröpfchenzerfall der Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen 5 hierbei nicht gezielt durch Schwingungseinkopplung forciert, da der Tröpfchenzerfall im Rahmen der Erfindung gerade verhindert werden soll.In addition, the droplet disintegration of the coating agent jets 5 is not specifically forced here by coupling in vibrations, since the droplet disintegration is precisely to be prevented within the scope of the invention.

Die erfindungsgemäße Applikationsanlage ermöglicht das Aufbringen von randscharfen Mustern, wie in den Figuren 3A-3C und 4A-4C dargestellt ist und nachfolgend erläutert wird.The application system according to the invention enables the application of sharp-edged patterns, as in FIGS Figures 3A-3C and 4A-4C is shown and is explained below.

So zeigt Figur 3A einen randscharfen Streifen, wie er mit der erfindungsgemäßen Applikationsanlage gemäß Figur 2 auf das Bauteil 6 aufgebracht werden kann.So shows Figure 3A a sharp-edged strip, as shown in accordance with the application system according to the invention Figure 2 can be applied to the component 6.

Die Figuren 3B und 3C zeigen dagegen Ausführungsbeispiele von herkömmlichen Streifen mit mehr oder weniger ausgefransten Rändern des Streifens.The Figures 3B and 3C show, however, embodiments of conventional strips with more or less frayed edges of the strip.

Die Figuren 4A-4C zeigen ebenfalls keine randscharfen Streifen sondern ungeeignete Streifen mit Beschichtungsmittelspritzern seitlich neben dem eigentlichen Streifen.The Figures 4A-4C also do not show any sharp-edged stripes but rather unsuitable stripes with coating agent splashes on the side next to the actual stripe.

Figur 5 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines Streifens 7 zur Verdeutlichung der Randschärfe des Streifens 7. So weist der Streifen 7 gegenüber einem vorgegebenen Randverlauf eine maximale Abweichung a auf, wobei die Abweichung a im Rahmen der Erfindung vorzugsweise kleiner ist als 3 mm, 1mm oder 0,5 mm. Dadurch lassen sich beispielweise auf einer Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie Dekorstreifen mit einer hohen Qualitätsanmutung erzeugen. Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a strip 7 to illustrate the sharpness of the edge of the strip 7. Thus, the strip 7 has a maximum deviation a from a predetermined edge profile, the deviation a within the scope of the invention preferably being less than 3 mm, 1 mm or 0.5 mm. As a result, for example, on a motor vehicle body Create decorative strips with a high quality impression.

Die Figuren 6A-6D zeigen in schematischer Form das Auftragen einer Lackierbahn auf ein Bauteil 9, wobei das Bauteil 9 seitlich durch zwei Kanten 10, 11 begrenzt wird.The Figures 6A-6D show in schematic form the application of a paint web to a component 9, the component 9 being delimited laterally by two edges 10, 11.

Die Beschichtungsmittelbahnen werden hierbei mittels eines Applikationsgeräts 12 aufgetragen, wobei das Applikationsgerät 12 Beschichtungsmittelstrahlen 13 abgeben kann, wie bereits vorstehend beschrieben wurde.The coating agent webs are applied here by means of an application device 12, the application device 12 being able to emit coating agent jets 13, as already described above.

Das Applikationsgerät 12 wird hierbei zunächst seitlich an das Bauteil 9 herangeführt, wie in Figur 6A dargestellt ist, wobei der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl 13 zunächst noch abgestellt ist, da der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl 13 nicht auf das Bauteil 9 auftreffen würde, wenn sich das Applikationsgerät 12 noch seitlich neben der Kante 10 des Bauteils 9 befindet.The application device 12 is first brought laterally to the component 9, as in FIG Figure 6A is shown, the coating agent jet 13 initially still switched off, since the coating agent jet 13 would not impinge on the component 9 if the application device 12 is still to the side next to the edge 10 of the component 9.

Beim Passieren der Kante 10 des Bauteils 9 wird dann der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl 13 eingeschaltet, wie in Figur 6B dargestellt ist.When passing the edge 10 of the component 9, the coating agent jet 13 is then switched on, as in FIG Figure 6B is shown.

Anschließend wird das Applikationsgerät 12 dann mit dem eingeschalteten Beschichtungsmittelstrahl 13 über die Oberfläche des Bauteils 9 geführt, wie in Figur 6C dargestellt ist.Then the application device 12 is then guided over the surface of the component 9 with the coating agent jet 13 switched on, as in FIG Figure 6C is shown.

Beim Passieren der gegenüberliegenden Kante 11 des Bauteils 9 wird der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl 13 dann wieder abgestellt, wie in Figur 6D dargestellt ist, da der Beschichtungsmittelstrahl 13 bei einem anschließenden Weiterbewegen des Applikationsgeräts 12 über die Kante 11 des Bauteils 9 hinaus nicht mehr auf die Oberfläche des Bauteils 9 auftreffen würde.When passing the opposite edge 11 of the component 9, the coating agent jet 13 is then switched off again, as in FIG Figure 6D is shown, since the coating agent jet 13 would no longer impinge on the surface of the component 9 if the application device 12 were subsequently moved further over the edge 11 of the component 9.

Durch dieses Ein- und Ausschalten des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls 13 lässt sich ein außerordentlich hoher Auftragswirkungsgrad nahezu ohne Overspray erreichen.As a result of this switching on and off of the coating agent jet 13, an extremely high application efficiency can be achieved with almost no overspray.

Das treffgenaue Einschalten bzw. Ausschalten des Beschichtungsmittelstrahls 13 wird hierbei ermöglicht, indem die Positionen des Applikationsgeräts 12 und des Bauteils 9 mittels eines Kamerasensors 14 erfasst werden.The precise switching on or off of the coating agent jet 13 is made possible in that the positions of the application device 12 and the component 9 are recorded by means of a camera sensor 14.

Wie bereits erwähnt wurde, kann anstelle eines Kamerasensors auch ein Ultraschallsensor, ein induktiver oder kapazitiver Sensors oder eine Lasersensor verwendet werden, der sowohl fix in der Umgebung des Applikationsgeräts und des Bauteils angeordnet sein kann, aber auch mit dem Applikationsgerät mitbewegt werden kann.As already mentioned, instead of a camera sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an inductive or capacitive sensor or a laser sensor can be used, which can be fixed in the vicinity of the application device and the component, but can also be moved along with the application device.

Figur 7 zeigt das Betriebsverfahren der erfindungsgemäßen Applikationsanlage gemäß den verschiedenen Stadien in den Figuren 6A-6D in einem entsprechenden Flussdiagramm. Figure 7 shows the operating method of the application system according to the invention according to the various stages in FIG Figures 6A-6D in a corresponding flow chart.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die vorstehend beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Vielmehr ist eine Vielzahl von Varianten und Abwandlungen möglich, die ebenfalls von dem Erfindungsgedanken Gebrauch machen und deshalb in den Schutzbereich fallen. Insbesondere beansprucht die Erfindung auch Schutz für den Gegenstand und die Merkmale der Unteransprüche unabhängig von den jeweils in Bezug genommenen Ansprüchen.The invention is not restricted to the preferred exemplary embodiments described above. Rather, a large number of variants and modifications are possible which also make use of the inventive concept and therefore fall within the scope of protection. In particular, the invention also claims protection for the subject matter and the features of the subclaims independently of the claims referred to in each case.

Bezugszeichenliste:List of reference symbols:

11
ApplikationstechnikApplication technology
22
ApplikationsgerätApplication device
33
LochplattePerforated plate
44th
ApplikationsdüsenApplication nozzles
55
BeschichtungsmittelstrahlenCoating agent blasting
66th
BauteilComponent
77th
StreifenStripes
88th
Vorgegebener RandverlaufPreset edge course
99
BauteilComponent
1010
KanteEdge
1111
KanteEdge
1212
ApplikationsgerätApplication device
1313
BeschichtungsmittelstrahlenCoating agent blasting
1414th
KamerasensorCamera sensor
1515th
nicht beschichteter Untergrunduncoated substrate
aa
Abweichung gegenüber dem vorgegebenen RandverlaufDeviation from the specified edge course
dd
ApplikationsabstandApplication distance
LZERFALL L DECAY
ZerfallslängeDecay length

Claims (15)

  1. Application method for the application of a coating medium on a component (6; 9), with the following steps:
    a) emission of a coating medium jet (5; 13) from an application device (2; 12),
    a1) wherein, after emerging from the application device (2; 12), the coating medium jet (5; 13) initially has a continuous region in the jet direction until said jet reaches a disintegration distance (LZERFALL),
    a2) whereupon the coating medium jet (5; 13) then disintegrates, after the disintegration distance (LZERFALL) following emergence from the application device (2; 12), into droplets which are separate from one another in the jet direction,
    a3) wherein the coating medium jet (5; 13) applies a strip on the component (6; 9),
    b) positioning of the application device (2; 12) relative to the component (6; 9) with a particular application distance (d) between the application device (2; 12) and the component (6; 9), so that the coating medium jet (5; 13) impacts on the component (6; 9) and coats the component (6; 9),
    c) wherein several coating medium jets (5; 13) are applied by the application device (2; 12), which are aligned parallel to each other, and
    d) the distance between the directly adjacent coating medium jets (5, 13) is large enough such that the adjacent coating medium jets (5, 13) do not merge between the application device (2; 12) and the component (6; 9), and
    e) for emission of the coating medium jets (5, 13), a plurality of application nozzles (4) with a particular nozzle internal diameter and a particular nozzle spacing are provided,
    characterized in that
    f) the application distance (d) is smaller than the disintegration distance (LZERFALL) of the coating medium jet (5; 13), so that the coating medium jet (5; 13) impacts on the component (6; 9) with its continuous region,
    g) the coating medium jet (5; 13) is moved over the component (6; 9) a plurality of times, a coating medium strip being applied in each case, and
    h) following the application, the adjacent coating medium strips merge into one another and then form a uniform stripe, and
    i) the nozzle spacing is at least equal to three times the nozzle internal diameter.
  2. Application method according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the strip is sharp-edged with maximum deviations (a) from a pre-defined edge shape of a maximum of 3 mm and without coating medium splashes outside the strip.
  3. Application method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    a) the stripe has a width of at least 100 µm, and
    b) the stripe has a width of a maximum of 10 cm.
  4. Application method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle spacing is at least equal to four times or six times the nozzle internal diameter.
  5. Application method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    a) the application device (2; 12) comprises a plurality of application nozzles (4) of which at least some can be controlled independently of one another, and
    b) in the case of application nozzles (4) which can be controlled independently of one another, at least one of the following operating variables is independently controllable:
    b1) the emission velocity of the coating medium from the application nozzles (4),
    b2) the type of coating medium,
    b3) the volume flow rate of the coating medium through the application nozzles (4).
  6. Application method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the application device (2; 12) is moved relative to the component (6; 9) during the application of the coating medium.
  7. Application method according to claim 6,
    characterized in that
    a) the application device (2; 12) is arranged stationary, whereas the component (6; 9) is moved and
    b) the component (6; 9) is moved during the application of the coating medium at a speed of at least 10 cm/s, and
    c) the component (6; 9) is moved during the application of the coating medium at a speed of a maximum of 10 m/s.
  8. Application method according to claim 6,
    characterized in that
    a) the component (6; 9) is arranged stationary, whereas the application device (2; 12) is moved, and
    b) the application device (2; 12) is moved during the application of the coating medium at a speed of at least 10 cm/s, and
    c) the application device (2; 12) is moved during the application of the coating medium at a speed of a maximum of 250 cm/s.
  9. Application method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    a) the application device (2; 12) is moved relative to the component (6; 9) over the component surface, so that the impact point of the coating medium jet (5; 13) on the component surface moves along a strip, and
    b) during the travel along the strip on the component surface, the coating medium jet (5; 13) is switched off and then on again, and
    c) the coating medium jet (5; 13) is moved so slowly over the component surface and is switched on and off so rapidly that a spatial resolution of finer than 5 mm, 2 mm or 1 mm is achieved on the component (6; 9).
  10. Application method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following steps:
    a) moving the application device (2; 12) toward an edge (10) of the component to be coated (6; 9) with the coating medium jet (5; 13) switched off,
    b) switching on the coating medium jet (5; 13) when the application device (2; 12) is located over the component (6; 9),
    c) moving the application device (2; 12) over the component (6; 9) to be coated along the component surface to be coated,
    d) switching off the coating medium jet (5; 13) when the application device (2; 12) is no longer located over the component surface to be coated.
  11. Application method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following steps:
    a) detecting the spatial position of the component (6; 9) to be coated, and
    b) detecting the spatial position of the application device (2; 12), and
    c) switching on the coating medium jet (5; 13) depending on the detected position of the component (6; 9) andof the application device (2; 12), and
    d) switching off the coating medium jet (5; 13) depending on the detected position of the component (6; 9) and of the application device (2; 12).
  12. Application method according to claim 11, characterised in that the position is detected by means of
    a) a camera (14),
    b) an ultrasonic sensor,
    c) an inductive sensor,
    d) a capacitive sensor,
    e) a laser sensor, or
    f) a robot control system from which the position is read out.
  13. Application method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that
    a) the application method has a high application efficiency of at least 80%, so that the whole of the applied coating medium is entirely deposited on the component (6; 9) without overspray occurring, and
    b) the application method has an area coating output of at least 0.5 m2/min, and
    c) the volume flow rate of the coating agent applied and thus the emergence velocity of the coating medium are therefore set so that the coating medium does not rebound from the component (6; 9) after impacting on the component (6; 9), and
    d) the emergence velocity of the coating medium from the application device (2; 12) is at least 5 m/s, and
    e) the emergence velocity of the coating medium from the application device (2; 12) is a maximum of 30 m/s, and
    f) the application distance (d) is at least 4 mm, and
    g) the application distance (d) is a maximum of 200 mm, and
    h) the application device (2; 12) is moved by means of a machine, and
    i) the coating medium is a paint, and
    j) the coating medium jet (5; 13) can be switched on or off with a switch-over duration of less than 50 ms.
  14. Application system for the application of a coating medium on a component (6; 9), with
    a) an application device (2; 12) for emitting a coating medium jet (5; 13),
    a1) wherein, after emerging from the application device (2; 12), the coating medium jet (5; 13) initially has a continuous region in the jet direction until said jet reaches a disintegration distance (LZERFALL),
    a2) whereupon, after emerging from the application device (2; 12), the coating medium jet (5; 13) disintegrates after the disintegration distance (LZERFALL) into droplets which are separate from one another in the jet direction,
    a3) wherein the coating medium jet (5; 13) applies a strip on the component (6; 9), and
    b) a positioning device for positioning of the application device (2; 12) relative to the component (6; 9) at a particular application distance (d) between the application device (2; 12) and the component (6; 9), so that the coating medium jet (5; 13) impacts on the component (6; 9) and coats the component (6; 9),
    c) wherein several coating medium jets (5; 13) are applied by the application device (2; 12), which are aligned parallel to each other, and
    d) the distance between the directly adjacent coating medium jets (5, 13) is large enough such that the adjacent coating medium jets (5, 13) do not merge between the application device (2; 12) and the component (6; 9), and
    e) for emission of the coating medium jets (5, 13), a plurality of application nozzles (4) with a particular nozzle internal diameter and a particular nozzle spacing are provided,
    characterized in that
    f) the positioning device positions the application device (2; 12) relative to the component (6; 9) such that the application distance (d) is smaller than the disintegration distance (LZERFALL) of the coating medium jet (5; 13), so that the coating medium jet (5; 13) impacts with its continuous region on the component (6; 9), and
    g) the positioning device positions the application device (2; 12) such that the coating medium jet (5; 13) is moved over the component (6; 9) a plurality of times, a coating medium strip being applied in each case, and
    h) the positioning device positions the application device (2; 12) such that following the application, the adjacent coating medium strips merge into one another and then form a uniform stripe,
    i) the nozzle spacing is at least equal to three times the nozzle internal diameter.
  15. Application system according to claim 14,
    characterized in that
    a) the application device (2; 12) has a nozzle plate in which a plurality of application nozzles are arranged, and
    b) the application device (2; 12) has a plurality of application nozzles each of which emits a coating medium jet, wherein the coating medium jets (5, 13) together generate a stripe on the component (6; 9), and
    c) the stripe has a width of at least 100 µm, and
    d) the stripe has a width of a maximum of 5 cm.
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